Add SQL API examples

[lcawl]

Relates to #2482

This PR copies examples from https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/master/sql-apis.html
It also adds missing doc_id values, sorts some properties (required properties first, then optional properties alphabetically).
It also edits and augments some descriptions based on what was in the documentation.

[github-actions]

Following you can find the validation results for the APIs you have changed.

API	Status	Request	Response
sql.clear_cursor	🟢	1/1	1/1
sql.delete_async	⚪	Missing test	Missing test

You can validate these APIs yourself by using the make validate target.

[github-actions]

Following you can find the validation results for the APIs you have changed.

API	Status	Request	Response
sql.clear_cursor	🟢	1/1	1/1
sql.delete_async	⚪	Missing test	Missing test
sql.get_async_status	⚪	Missing test	Missing test
sql.get_async	⚪	Missing test	Missing test
sql.query	🟢	4/4	4/4
sql.translate	🔴	1/1	0/1

You can validate these APIs yourself by using the make validate target.

[marciw]

LGTM w/ a li'l typo 🦝

[github-actions]

Following you can find the validation results for the APIs you have changed.

API	Status	Request	Response
sql.clear_cursor	🟢	1/1	1/1
sql.delete_async	⚪	Missing test	Missing test
sql.get_async_status	⚪	Missing test	Missing test
sql.get_async	⚪	Missing test	Missing test
sql.query	🟢	4/4	4/4
sql.translate	🔴	1/1	0/1

You can validate these APIs yourself by using the make validate target.

[github-actions]

Following you can find the validation results for the APIs you have changed.

API	Status	Request	Response
sql.clear_cursor	🟢	1/1	1/1
sql.delete_async	⚪	Missing test	Missing test
sql.get_async_status	⚪	Missing test	Missing test
sql.get_async	⚪	Missing test	Missing test
sql.query	🟢	4/4	4/4
sql.translate	🔴	1/1	0/1

You can validate these APIs yourself by using the make validate target.