Pin Alpine Linux version in Docker builds (#74169)

Alpine Linux 3.14.0 is incompatible with older versions of Docker, so pin the
version that we use to 3.13. At some point in the future, it will
be possible to upgrade Alpine.

Also when compiling curl, if the configure step fails and a config.log
file exists, then dump it out before exiting to assist diagnosis.

Author: pugnascotia

distribution/docker/build.gradle

@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ void addBuildDockerImageTask(Architecture architecture, DockerBase base) {
         baseImages = [baseImage]
         buildArgs = buildArgsMap
       } else if (base == DockerBase.CENTOS) {
-        baseImages = ['alpine:latest', base.image]
+        baseImages = ['alpine:3.13', base.image]
       } else {
         baseImages = [base.image]
       }

distribution/docker/src/docker/Dockerfile

@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ RUN chmod 0755 /bin/tini
 # Stage 1. Build curl statically. Installing it from RPM on CentOS pulls in too
 # many dependencies.
 ################################################################################
-FROM alpine:latest AS curl
+FROM alpine:3.13 AS curl
 
 ENV VERSION 7.71.0
 ENV TARBALL_URL https://curl.haxx.se/download/curl-\${VERSION}.tar.xz
@@ -99,11 +99,15 @@ RUN gpg --import --always-trust "curl-gpg.pub" && \\
     gpg --verify "\${TARBALL_PATH}.asc" "\${TARBALL_PATH}"
 
 # Unpack and build
-RUN tar xfJ "\${TARBALL_PATH}" && \\
-    cd "curl-\${VERSION}" && \\
-    ./configure --disable-shared --with-ca-fallback --with-ca-bundle=/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt && \\
-    make curl_LDFLAGS="-all-static" && \\
-    cp src/curl /work/curl && \\
+RUN set -e ; \\
+    tar xfJ "\${TARBALL_PATH}" ; \\
+    cd "curl-\${VERSION}" ; \\
+    if ! ./configure --disable-shared --with-ca-fallback --with-ca-bundle=/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt ; then \\
+        [[ -e config.log ]] && cat config.log ; \\
+        exit 1 ; \\
+    fi ; \\
+    make curl_LDFLAGS="-all-static" ; \\
+    cp src/curl /work/curl ; \\
     strip /work/curl
 
 ################################################################################

qa/os/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/packaging/util/Docker.java

@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@ private static void executePrivilegeEscalatedShellCmd(String shellCmd, Path loca
         args.add("--volume \"" + localPath.getParent() + ":" + containerPath.getParent() + "\"");
 
         // Use a lightweight musl libc based small image
-        args.add("alpine");
+        args.add("alpine:3.13");
 
         // And run inline commands via the POSIX shell
         args.add("/bin/sh -c \"" + shellCmd + "\"");