ESQL - dense vector support cosine normalization (#132721)

* Take into account normalization for dense vector support

* Fix cherry pick

* [CI] Auto commit changes from spotless

* Remove debugging code

* Check that we may not have magnitudes at all, or for normalized vectors

* Better parameterized test

* Refactor dimension check

* Refactor index names

* Remove comment

* Fix test

---------

Co-authored-by: elasticsearchmachine <[email protected]>

Author: carlosdelest

server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/index/mapper/BlockDocValuesReader.java

@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 
 import java.io.IOException;
 
+import static org.elasticsearch.index.mapper.vectors.DenseVectorFieldMapper.COSINE_MAGNITUDE_FIELD_SUFFIX;
 import static org.elasticsearch.index.mapper.vectors.DenseVectorFieldMapper.ElementType.BYTE;
 
 /**
@@ -540,6 +541,11 @@ public AllReader reader(LeafReaderContext context) throws IOException {
                 case FLOAT -> {
                     FloatVectorValues floatVectorValues = context.reader().getFloatVectorValues(fieldName);
                     if (floatVectorValues != null) {
+                        if (fieldType.isNormalized()) {
+                            NumericDocValues magnitudeDocValues = context.reader()
+                                .getNumericDocValues(fieldType.name() + COSINE_MAGNITUDE_FIELD_SUFFIX);
+                            return new FloatDenseVectorNormalizedValuesBlockReader(floatVectorValues, dimensions, magnitudeDocValues);
+                        }
                         return new FloatDenseVectorValuesBlockReader(floatVectorValues, dimensions);
                     }
                 }
@@ -584,6 +590,9 @@ public void read(int docId, BlockLoader.StoredFields storedFields, Builder build
         }
 
         private void read(int doc, BlockLoader.FloatBuilder builder) throws IOException {
+            assert vectorValues.dimension() == dimensions
+                : "unexpected dimensions for vector value; expected " + dimensions + " but got " + vectorValues.dimension();
+
             if (iterator.docID() > doc) {
                 builder.appendNull();
             } else if (iterator.docID() == doc || iterator.advance(doc) == doc) {
@@ -611,8 +620,6 @@ private static class FloatDenseVectorValuesBlockReader extends DenseVectorValues
 
         protected void appendDoc(BlockLoader.FloatBuilder builder) throws IOException {
             float[] floats = vectorValues.vectorValue(iterator.index());
-            assert floats.length == dimensions
-                : "unexpected dimensions for vector value; expected " + dimensions + " but got " + floats.length;
             for (float aFloat : floats) {
                 builder.appendFloat(aFloat);
             }
@@ -624,15 +631,45 @@ public String toString() {
         }
     }
 
+    private static class FloatDenseVectorNormalizedValuesBlockReader extends DenseVectorValuesBlockReader<FloatVectorValues> {
+        private final NumericDocValues magnitudeDocValues;
+
+        FloatDenseVectorNormalizedValuesBlockReader(
+            FloatVectorValues floatVectorValues,
+            int dimensions,
+            NumericDocValues magnitudeDocValues
+        ) {
+            super(floatVectorValues, dimensions);
+            this.magnitudeDocValues = magnitudeDocValues;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void appendDoc(BlockLoader.FloatBuilder builder) throws IOException {
+            float magnitude = 1.0f;
+            // If all vectors are normalized, no doc values will be present. The vector may be normalized already, so we may not have a
+            // stored magnitude for all docs
+            if ((magnitudeDocValues != null) && magnitudeDocValues.advanceExact(iterator.docID())) {
+                magnitude = Float.intBitsToFloat((int) magnitudeDocValues.longValue());
+            }
+            float[] floats = vectorValues.vectorValue(iterator.index());
+            for (float aFloat : floats) {
+                builder.appendFloat(aFloat * magnitude);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return "BlockDocValuesReader.FloatDenseVectorNormalizedValuesBlockReader";
+        }
+    }
+
     private static class ByteDenseVectorValuesBlockReader extends DenseVectorValuesBlockReader<ByteVectorValues> {
         ByteDenseVectorValuesBlockReader(ByteVectorValues floatVectorValues, int dimensions) {
             super(floatVectorValues, dimensions);
         }
 
         protected void appendDoc(BlockLoader.FloatBuilder builder) throws IOException {
             byte[] bytes = vectorValues.vectorValue(iterator.index());
-            assert bytes.length == dimensions
-                : "unexpected dimensions for vector value; expected " + dimensions + " but got " + bytes.length;
             for (byte aFloat : bytes) {
                 builder.appendFloat(aFloat);
             }

x-pack/plugin/esql/src/internalClusterTest/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/esql/DenseVectorFieldTypeIT.java

@@ -24,29 +24,30 @@
 
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
 import static org.elasticsearch.index.IndexSettings.INDEX_MAPPER_SOURCE_MODE_SETTING;
 import static org.elasticsearch.index.mapper.SourceFieldMapper.Mode.SYNTHETIC;
 import static org.elasticsearch.test.hamcrest.ElasticsearchAssertions.assertAcked;
 
 public class DenseVectorFieldTypeIT extends AbstractEsqlIntegTestCase {
 
-    public static final Set<String> ALL_DENSE_VECTOR_INDEX_TYPES = Set.of(
-        "int8_hnsw",
-        "hnsw",
-        "int4_hnsw",
-        "bbq_hnsw",
-        "int8_flat",
-        "int4_flat",
-        "bbq_flat",
-        "flat"
-    );
-    public static final Set<String> NON_QUANTIZED_DENSE_VECTOR_INDEX_TYPES = Set.of("hnsw", "flat");
+    public static final Set<String> ALL_DENSE_VECTOR_INDEX_TYPES = Arrays.stream(DenseVectorFieldMapper.VectorIndexType.values())
+        .filter(DenseVectorFieldMapper.VectorIndexType::isEnabled)
+        .map(v -> v.getName().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT))
+        .collect(Collectors.toSet());
+
+    public static final Set<String> NON_QUANTIZED_DENSE_VECTOR_INDEX_TYPES = Arrays.stream(DenseVectorFieldMapper.VectorIndexType.values())
+        .filter(t -> t.isEnabled() && t.isQuantized() == false)
+        .map(v -> v.getName().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT))
+        .collect(Collectors.toSet());
+
     public static final float DELTA = 1e-7F;
 
     private final ElementType elementType;
@@ -57,15 +58,10 @@ public class DenseVectorFieldTypeIT extends AbstractEsqlIntegTestCase {
     @ParametersFactory
     public static Iterable<Object[]> parameters() throws Exception {
         List<Object[]> params = new ArrayList<>();
-        List<DenseVectorFieldMapper.VectorSimilarity> similarities = List.of(
-            DenseVectorFieldMapper.VectorSimilarity.DOT_PRODUCT,
-            DenseVectorFieldMapper.VectorSimilarity.L2_NORM,
-            DenseVectorFieldMapper.VectorSimilarity.MAX_INNER_PRODUCT
-        );
 
         for (ElementType elementType : List.of(ElementType.BYTE, ElementType.FLOAT)) {
-            // Test all similarities for element types
-            for (DenseVectorFieldMapper.VectorSimilarity similarity : similarities) {
+            // Test all similarities
+            for (DenseVectorFieldMapper.VectorSimilarity similarity : DenseVectorFieldMapper.VectorSimilarity.values()) {
                 params.add(new Object[] { elementType, similarity, true, false });
             }
 
@@ -74,6 +70,7 @@ public static Iterable<Object[]> parameters() throws Exception {
             // No indexing, synthetic source
             params.add(new Object[] { elementType, null, false, true });
         }
+
         return params;
     }