ESQL: Speed up TO_IP (#126338)

Speed up the TO_IP method by converting directly from utf-8 encoded
strings to the ip encoding. Previously we did:
```
utf-8 -> String -> INetAddress -> ip encoding
```

In a step towards solving #125460 this creates three IP parsing
functions, one the rejects leading zeros, one that interprets leading
zeros as decimal numbers, and one the interprets leading zeros as octal
numbers. IPs have historically been parsed in all three of those ways.

This plugs the "rejects leading zeros" parser into `TO_IP` because
that's the behavior it had before.

Here is the performance:
```
Benchmark               Score    Error  Units
leadingZerosAreDecimal  14.007 ± 0.093  ns/op
leadingZerosAreOctal    15.020 ± 0.373  ns/op
leadingZerosRejected    14.176 ± 3.861  ns/op
original                32.950 ± 1.062  ns/op
```

So this is roughly 45% faster than what we had.

Author: nik9000

benchmarks/README.md

@@ -82,19 +82,21 @@ To get realistic results, you should exercise care when running benchmarks. Here
 NOTE: Linux only. Sorry Mac and Windows.
 
 Disassembling is fun! Maybe not always useful, but always fun! Generally, you'll want to install `perf` and the JDK's `hsdis`.
-`perf` is generally available via `apg-get install perf` or `pacman -S perf`. `hsdis` you'll want to compile from source. is a little more involved. This worked
+`perf` is generally available via `apg-get install perf` or `pacman -S perf linux-tools`. `hsdis` you'll want to compile from source. is a little more involved. This worked
 on 2020-08-01:
 
 ```
 git clone [email protected]:openjdk/jdk.git
 cd jdk
-git checkout jdk-17-ga
-cd src/utils/hsdis
+git checkout jdk-24-ga
 # Get a known good binutils
 wget https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/binutils/binutils-2.35.tar.gz
 tar xf binutils-2.35.tar.gz
-make BINUTILS=binutils-2.35 ARCH=amd64
-sudo cp build/linux-amd64/hsdis-amd64.so /usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk/lib/server/
+bash configure --with-hsdis=binutils --with-binutils-src=binutils-2.35 \
+    --with-boot-jdk=~/.gradle/jdks/oracle_corporation-24-amd64-linux.2
+make build-hsdis
+cp ./build/linux-x86_64-server-release/jdk/lib/hsdis-amd64.so \
+    ~/.gradle/jdks/oracle_corporation-24-amd64-linux.2/lib/hsdis.so
 ```
 
 If you want to disassemble a single method do something like this:
@@ -105,6 +107,30 @@ gradlew -p benchmarks run --args ' MemoryStatsBenchmark -jvmArgs "-XX:+UnlockDia
 
 If you want `perf` to find the hot methods for you, then do add `-prof perfasm`.
 
+NOTE: `perfasm` will need more access:
+```
+sudo bash
+echo -1 > /proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_paranoid
+exit
+```
+
+If you get warnings like:
+```
+The perf event count is suspiciously low (0).
+```
+then check if you are bumping into [this](https://man.archlinux.org/man/perf-stat.1.en#INTEL_HYBRID_SUPPORT)
+by running:
+```
+perf stat -B dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null count=1000000
+```
+
+If you see lines like:
+```
+         765019980      cpu_atom/cycles/                 #    1.728 GHz                         (0.60%)
+        2258845959      cpu_core/cycles/                 #    5.103 GHz                         (99.18%)
+```
+then `perf` is just not going to work for you.
+
 ## Async Profiler
 
 Note: Linux and Mac only. Sorry Windows.

benchmarks/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/benchmark/compute/operator/ParseIpBenchmark.java

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Elasticsearch B.V. and/or licensed to Elasticsearch B.V. under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements. Licensed under the "Elastic License
+ * 2.0", the "GNU Affero General Public License v3.0 only", and the "Server Side
+ * Public License v 1"; you may not use this file except in compliance with, at
+ * your election, the "Elastic License 2.0", the "GNU Affero General Public
+ * License v3.0 only", or the "Server Side Public License, v 1".
+ */
+
+package org.elasticsearch.benchmark.compute.operator;
+
+import org.apache.lucene.document.InetAddressPoint;
+import org.apache.lucene.util.BytesRef;
+import org.elasticsearch.common.breaker.NoopCircuitBreaker;
+import org.elasticsearch.common.network.InetAddresses;
+import org.elasticsearch.compute.operator.BreakingBytesRefBuilder;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.esql.expression.function.scalar.convert.ParseIp;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Warmup(iterations = 5)
+@Measurement(iterations = 7)
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+@Fork(1)
+public class ParseIpBenchmark {
+    private final BytesRef ip = new BytesRef("192.168.0.1");
+    private final BreakingBytesRefBuilder scratch = ParseIp.buildScratch(new NoopCircuitBreaker("request"));
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public BytesRef leadingZerosRejected() {
+        return ParseIp.leadingZerosRejected(ip, scratch);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public BytesRef leadingZerosAreDecimal() {
+        return ParseIp.leadingZerosAreDecimal(ip, scratch);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public BytesRef leadingZerosAreOctal() {
+        return ParseIp.leadingZerosAreOctal(ip, scratch);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public BytesRef original() {
+        InetAddress inetAddress = InetAddresses.forString(ip.utf8ToString());
+        return new BytesRef(InetAddressPoint.encode(inetAddress));
+    }
+}

docs/changelog/126338.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+pr: 126338
+summary: Speed up TO_IP
+area: ES|QL
+type: enhancement
+issues: []