Added possibility of specifying iri in new_entity (#844)

# Description
closes #843 

## Type of change
<!-- Put an `x` in the box that applies. -->
- [ ] Bug fix.
- [x] New feature.
- [ ] Documentation update.
- [ ] Test update.

## Checklist
<!-- Put an `x` in the boxes that apply. You can also fill these out
after creating the PR. -->

This checklist can be used as a help for the reviewer.

- [ ] Is the code easy to read and understand?
- [ ] Are comments for humans to read, not computers to disregard?
- [ ] Does a new feature has an accompanying new test (in the CI or unit
testing schemes)?
- [ ] Has the documentation been updated as necessary?
- [ ] Does this close the issue?
- [ ] Is the change limited to the issue?
- [ ] Are errors handled for all outcomes?
- [ ] Does the new feature provide new restrictions on dependencies, and
if so is this documented?

## Comments
<!-- Additional comments here, including clarifications on checklist if
applicable. -->

---------

Co-authored-by: Jesper Friis <[email protected]>

Author: francescalb

ontopy/ontology.py

@@ -2025,7 +2025,7 @@ def get_wu_palmer_measure(self, cls1, cls2):
         generations2 = self.number_of_generations(cls2, cca)
         return 2 * ccadepth / (generations1 + generations2 + 2 * ccadepth)
 
-    def new_entity(
+    def new_entity(  # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments,too-many-branches,too-many-positional-arguments
         self,
         name: str,
         parent: Union[
@@ -2045,6 +2045,7 @@ def new_entity(
             ]
         ] = "class",
         preflabel: Optional[str] = None,
+        iri: Optional[str] = None,
     ) -> Union[
         ThingClass,
         ObjectPropertyClass,
@@ -2068,6 +2069,8 @@ def new_entity(
                 be added as prefLabel if skos:prefLabel is in the ontology
                 and listed in `self.label_annotations`.  Set `preflabel` to
                 False, to avoid assigning a prefLabel.
+            iri: IRI of the entity.  If None, a new IRI will be generated
+                based on the ontology base IRI and the entity name.
 
         Returns:
             the new entity.
@@ -2113,7 +2116,8 @@ def new_entity(
 
         with self:
             entity = types.new_class(name, parents)
-
+            if iri:
+                entity.iri = iri
             preflabel_iri = "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#prefLabel"
             if preflabel:
                 if not self.world[preflabel_iri]:
@@ -2134,63 +2138,81 @@ def new_entity(
 
     # Method that creates new ThingClass using new_entity
     def new_class(
-        self, name: str, parent: Union[ThingClass, Iterable]
+        self,
+        name: str,
+        parent: Union[ThingClass, Iterable],
+        iri: Optional[str] = None,
     ) -> ThingClass:
         """Create and return new class.
 
         Args:
             name: name of the class
             parent: parent(s) of the class
+            iri: IRI of the new class.  If None, a new IRI will be generated
+                based on the ontology base IRI and the entity name.
+
 
         Returns:
             the new class.
         """
-        return self.new_entity(name, parent, "class")
+        return self.new_entity(name, parent, "class", iri=iri)
 
     # Method that creates new ObjectPropertyClass using new_entity
     def new_object_property(
-        self, name: str, parent: Union[ObjectPropertyClass, Iterable]
+        self,
+        name: str,
+        parent: Union[ObjectPropertyClass, Iterable],
+        iri: Optional[str] = None,
     ) -> ObjectPropertyClass:
         """Create and return new object property.
 
         Args:
             name: name of the object property
             parent: parent(s) of the object property
-
+            iri: IRI of the new object property.  If None, a new IRI will be
+                based on the ontology base IRI and the entity name.
         Returns:
             the new object property.
         """
-        return self.new_entity(name, parent, "object_property")
+        return self.new_entity(name, parent, "object_property", iri=iri)
 
     # Method that creates new DataPropertyClass using new_entity
     def new_data_property(
-        self, name: str, parent: Union[DataPropertyClass, Iterable]
+        self,
+        name: str,
+        parent: Union[DataPropertyClass, Iterable],
+        iri: Optional[str] = None,
     ) -> DataPropertyClass:
         """Create and return new data property.
 
         Args:
             name: name of the data property
             parent: parent(s) of the data property
-
+            iri: IRI of the new data property.  If None, a new IRI will be
+                based on the ontology base IRI and the entity name.
         Returns:
             the new data property.
         """
-        return self.new_entity(name, parent, "data_property")
+        return self.new_entity(name, parent, "data_property", iri=iri)
 
     # Method that creates new AnnotationPropertyClass using new_entity
     def new_annotation_property(
-        self, name: str, parent: Union[AnnotationPropertyClass, Iterable]
+        self,
+        name: str,
+        parent: Union[AnnotationPropertyClass, Iterable],
+        iri: Optional[str] = None,
     ) -> AnnotationPropertyClass:
         """Create and return new annotation property.
 
         Args:
             name: name of the annotation property
             parent: parent(s) of the annotation property
-
+            iri: IRI of the new annotation property.  If None, a new IRI will
+                be based on the ontology base IRI and the entity name.
         Returns:
             the new annotation property.
         """
-        return self.new_entity(name, parent, "annotation_property")
+        return self.new_entity(name, parent, "annotation_property", iri=iri)
 
     def difference(self, other: owlready2.Ontology) -> set:
         """Return a set of triples that are in this, but not in the

tests/ontopy_tests/test_new_entity.py

@@ -101,13 +101,30 @@ def test_new_entity(testonto: "Ontology") -> None:
             entitytype="nonexistingpropertytype",
         )
     testonto.new_class("AnotherClass3", (testonto.AnotherClass,))
+
+    assert (
+        testonto.AnotherClass3.iri == "http://emmo.info/testonto#AnotherClass3"
+    )
     testonto.new_object_property(
         "hasSubObjectProperty3", testonto.hasObjectProperty
     )
+
+    assert (
+        testonto.hasSubObjectProperty3.iri
+        == "http://emmo.info/testonto#hasSubObjectProperty3"
+    )
     testonto.new_data_property("hasSubDataProperty3", testonto.hasDataProperty)
+    assert (
+        testonto.hasSubDataProperty3.iri
+        == "http://emmo.info/testonto#hasSubDataProperty3"
+    )
     testonto.new_annotation_property(
         "hasSubAnnotationProperty3", testonto.hasAnnotationProperty
     )
+    assert (
+        testonto.hasSubAnnotationProperty3.iri
+        == "http://emmo.info/testonto#hasSubAnnotationProperty3"
+    )
 
 
 def test_new_entity_w_preflabel() -> None:
@@ -122,4 +139,57 @@ def test_new_entity_w_preflabel() -> None:
         preflabel="NewClass",
     )
 
-    # assert testonto2.NewClass.preflabel == "NewClass"
+    assert testonto2.NewClass.prefLabel.en == ["NewClass"]
+
+
+def test_new_entity_w_iri(testonto: "Ontology") -> None:
+    """Test adding entities to ontology"""
+    from ontopy import get_ontology
+    import owlready2
+
+    testonto.new_entity(
+        "NewClass", owlready2.Thing, iri="http://different_ontology#NewClass"
+    )
+
+    assert testonto.NewClass.iri == "http://different_ontology#NewClass"
+
+    testonto.new_class(
+        "AnotherClass",
+        (testonto.NewClass,),
+        iri="http://different_ontology#AnotherClass",
+    )
+
+    assert testonto.AnotherClass.iri == "http://different_ontology#AnotherClass"
+
+    testonto.new_object_property(
+        "hasSubObjectProperty",
+        testonto.hasObjectProperty,
+        iri="http://different_ontology#hasSubObjectProperty",
+    )
+
+    assert (
+        testonto.hasSubObjectProperty.iri
+        == "http://different_ontology#hasSubObjectProperty"
+    )
+
+    testonto.new_data_property(
+        "hasSubDataProperty",
+        testonto.hasDataProperty,
+        iri="http://different_ontology#hasSubDataProperty",
+    )
+
+    assert (
+        testonto.hasSubDataProperty.iri
+        == "http://different_ontology#hasSubDataProperty"
+    )
+
+    testonto.new_annotation_property(
+        "hasSubAnnotationProperty",
+        testonto.hasAnnotationProperty,
+        iri="http://different_ontology#hasSubAnnotationProperty",
+    )
+
+    assert (
+        testonto.hasSubAnnotationProperty.iri
+        == "http://different_ontology#hasSubAnnotationProperty"
+    )