Make a failed extension load throw an error during pre-compilation (JuliaLang#56668)

Co-authored-by: Ian Butterworth <[email protected]>

Author: topolarity

base/loading.jl

@@ -1587,9 +1587,14 @@ function run_extension_callbacks(extid::ExtensionId)
         true
     catch
         # Try to continue loading if loading an extension errors
-        errs = current_exceptions()
-        @error "Error during loading of extension $(extid.id.name) of $(extid.parentid.name), \
+        if JLOptions().incremental != 0
+            # during incremental precompilation, this should be fail-fast
+            rethrow()
+        else
+            errs = current_exceptions()
+            @error "Error during loading of extension $(extid.id.name) of $(extid.parentid.name), \
                 use `Base.retry_load_extensions()` to retry." exception=errs
+        end
         false
     finally
         global loading_extension = false