Merge pull request #12940 from SeanXLChen/add-transaction-type

Add info that explain Type 0 1 2 transactions [Fixes #7372]

Author: corwintines

public/content/developers/docs/transactions/index.md

@@ -202,6 +202,16 @@ Where the fields are defined as:
 - `TransactionType` - a number between 0 and 0x7f, for a total of 128 possible transaction types.
 - `TransactionPayload` - an arbitrary byte array defined by the transaction type.
 
+Based on the `TransactionType` value, a transaction can be classified as
+
+1. **Type 0 (Legacy) Transactions:** The original transaction format used since Ethereum's launch. They do not include features from [EIP-1559](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1559) such as dynamic gas fee calculations or access lists for smart contracts. Legacy transactions lack a specific prefix indicating their type in their serialized form, starting with the byte `0xf8` when using [Recursive Length Prefix (RLP)](/developers/docs/data-structures-and-encoding/rlp) encoding. The TransactionType value for these transactions is `0x0`.
+
+2. **Type 1 Transactions:** Introduced in [EIP-2930](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2930) as part of Ethereum's [Berlin Upgrade](/history/#berlin), these transactions include an `accessList` parameter. This list specifies addresses and storage keys the transaction expects to access, helping to potentially reduce [gas](/developers/docs/gas/) costs for complex transactions involving smart contracts. EIP-1559 fee market changes are not included in Type 1 transactions. Type 1 transactions also include a `yParity` parameter, which can either be `0x0` or `0x1`, indicating the parity of the y-value of the secp256k1 signature. They are identified by starting with the byte `0x01`, and their TransactionType value is `0x1`.
+
+3. **Type 2 Transactions**, commonly referred to as EIP-1559 transactions, are transactions introduced in [EIP-1559](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1559), in Ethereum's [London Upgrade](/history/#london). They have become the standard transaction type on the Ethereum network. These transactions introduce a new fee market mechanism that improves predictability by separating the transaction fee into a base fee and a priority fee. They start with the byte `0x02` and include fields such as `maxPriorityFeePerGas` and `maxFeePerGas`. Type 2 transactions are now the default due to their flexibility and efficiency, especially favored during periods of high network congestion for their ability to help users manage transaction fees more predictably. The TransactionType value for these transactions is `0x2`.
+
+
+
 ## Further reading {#further-reading}
 
 - [EIP-2718: Typed Transaction Envelope](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2718)