diff --git a/src/ethereum_spec_tools/evm_tools/daemon.py b/src/ethereum_spec_tools/evm_tools/daemon.py
index 1e42aaa3a5..2acf6fd5a0 100644
--- a/src/ethereum_spec_tools/evm_tools/daemon.py
+++ b/src/ethereum_spec_tools/evm_tools/daemon.py
@@ -42,56 +42,68 @@ def log_request(
     def do_POST(self) -> None:
         from . import main
 
-        content_length = int(self.headers["Content-Length"])
-        content_bytes = self.rfile.read(content_length)
-        content = json.loads(content_bytes)
-
-        input_string = json.dumps(content["input"])
-        input = StringIO(input_string)
-
-        args = [
-            "t8n",
-            "--input.env=stdin",
-            "--input.alloc=stdin",
-            "--input.txs=stdin",
-            "--output.result=stdout",
-            "--output.body=stdout",
-            "--output.alloc=stdout",
-            f"--state.fork={content['state']['fork']}",
-            f"--state.chainid={content['state']['chainid']}",
-            f"--state.reward={content['state']['reward']}",
-        ]
-
-        trace = content.get("trace", False)
-        output_basedir = content.get("output-basedir")
-        if trace:
-            if not output_basedir:
-                raise ValueError(
-                    "`output-basedir` should be provided when `--trace` "
-                    "is enabled."
+        try:
+            content_length = int(self.headers["Content-Length"])
+            content_bytes = self.rfile.read(content_length)
+            content = json.loads(content_bytes)
+
+            input_string = json.dumps(content["input"])
+            input = StringIO(input_string)
+
+            args = [
+                "t8n",
+                "--input.env=stdin",
+                "--input.alloc=stdin",
+                "--input.txs=stdin",
+                "--output.result=stdout",
+                "--output.body=stdout",
+                "--output.alloc=stdout",
+                f"--state.fork={content['state']['fork']}",
+                f"--state.chainid={content['state']['chainid']}",
+                f"--state.reward={content['state']['reward']}",
+            ]
+
+            trace = content.get("trace", False)
+            output_basedir = content.get("output-basedir")
+            if trace:
+                if not output_basedir:
+                    raise ValueError(
+                        "`output-basedir` should be provided when `--trace` "
+                        "is enabled."
+                    )
+                # send full trace output if ``trace`` is ``True``
+                args.extend(
+                    [
+                        "--trace",
+                        "--trace.memory",
+                        "--trace.returndata",
+                        f"--output.basedir={output_basedir}",
+                    ]
                 )
-            # send full trace output if ``trace`` is ``True``
-            args.extend(
-                [
-                    "--trace",
-                    "--trace.memory",
-                    "--trace.returndata",
-                    f"--output.basedir={output_basedir}",
-                ]
-            )
 
-        query_string = urlparse(self.path).query
-        if query_string:
-            query = parse_qs(
-                query_string,
-                keep_blank_values=True,
-                strict_parsing=True,
-                errors="strict",
-            )
-            args += query.get("arg", [])
+            count_opcodes = content.get("count-opcodes", False)
+            if count_opcodes:
+                # send opcode counts if ``count-opcodes`` is ``True``
+                args.extend(["--opcode.count", "stdout"])
+
+            query_string = urlparse(self.path).query
+            if query_string:
+                query = parse_qs(
+                    query_string,
+                    keep_blank_values=True,
+                    strict_parsing=True,
+                    errors="strict",
+                )
+                args += query.get("arg", [])
+        except Exception as e:
+            self.send_response(500)
+            self.send_header("Content-Type", "text/plain")
+            self.end_headers()
+            self.wfile.write(str(e).encode("utf-8"))
+            raise
 
         self.send_response(200)
-        self.send_header("Content-type", "application/octet-stream")
+        self.send_header("Content-Type", "application/octet-stream")
         self.end_headers()
 
         # `self.wfile` is missing the `name` attribute so it doesn't strictly
diff --git a/src/ethereum_spec_tools/evm_tools/t8n/__init__.py b/src/ethereum_spec_tools/evm_tools/t8n/__init__.py
index f00e049357..2fad6816df 100644
--- a/src/ethereum_spec_tools/evm_tools/t8n/__init__.py
+++ b/src/ethereum_spec_tools/evm_tools/t8n/__init__.py
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 import fnmatch
 import json
 import os
-from typing import Any, TextIO
+from typing import Any, Final, TextIO, Type, TypeVar
 
 from ethereum_rlp import rlp
 from ethereum_types.numeric import U64, U256, Uint
@@ -24,9 +24,13 @@
     parse_hex_or_int,
 )
 from .env import Env
+from .evm_trace.count import CountTracer
 from .evm_trace.eip3155 import Eip3155Tracer
+from .evm_trace.group import GroupTracer
 from .t8n_types import Alloc, Result, Txs
 
+T = TypeVar("T")
+
 
 def t8n_arguments(subparsers: argparse._SubParsersAction) -> None:
     """
@@ -72,12 +76,16 @@ def t8n_arguments(subparsers: argparse._SubParsersAction) -> None:
     t8n_parser.add_argument("--trace.nostack", action="store_true")
     t8n_parser.add_argument("--trace.returndata", action="store_true")
 
+    t8n_parser.add_argument("--opcode.count", dest="opcode_count", type=str)
+
     t8n_parser.add_argument("--state-test", action="store_true")
 
 
 class T8N(Load):
     """The class that carries out the transition"""
 
+    tracers: Final[GroupTracer | None]
+
     def __init__(
         self, options: Any, out_file: TextIO, in_file: TextIO
     ) -> None:
@@ -100,11 +108,13 @@ def __init__(
         )
         self.fork = ForkLoad(fork_module)
 
+        tracers = GroupTracer()
+
         if self.options.trace:
             trace_memory = getattr(self.options, "trace.memory", False)
             trace_stack = not getattr(self.options, "trace.nostack", False)
             trace_return_data = getattr(self.options, "trace.returndata")
-            trace.set_evm_trace(
+            tracers.add(
                 Eip3155Tracer(
                     trace_memory=trace_memory,
                     trace_stack=trace_stack,
@@ -112,6 +122,19 @@ def __init__(
                     output_basedir=self.options.output_basedir,
                 )
             )
+
+        if self.options.opcode_count is not None:
+            tracers.add(CountTracer())
+
+        maybe_tracers: GroupTracer | None
+        if tracers.tracers:
+            trace.set_evm_trace(tracers)
+            maybe_tracers = tracers
+        else:
+            maybe_tracers = None
+
+        self.tracers = maybe_tracers
+
         self.logger = get_stream_logger("T8N")
 
         super().__init__(
@@ -127,6 +150,15 @@ def __init__(
             self.env.block_difficulty, self.env.base_fee_per_gas
         )
 
+    def _tracer(self, type_: Type[T]) -> T:
+        group = self.tracers
+        if group is None:
+            raise Exception("no tracer configured")
+        found = next((x for x in group.tracers if isinstance(x, type_)), None)
+        if found is None:
+            raise Exception(f"no tracer of type `{type_}` found")
+        return found
+
     def block_environment(self) -> Any:
         """
         Create the environment for the transaction. The keyword
@@ -310,7 +342,7 @@ def run(self) -> int:
         json_state = self.alloc.to_json()
         json_result = self.result.to_json()
 
-        json_output = {}
+        json_output: dict[str, object] = {}
 
         if self.options.output_body == "stdout":
             txs_rlp = "0x" + rlp.encode(self.txs.all_txs).hex()
@@ -347,6 +379,19 @@ def run(self) -> int:
                 json.dump(json_result, f, indent=4)
             self.logger.info(f"Wrote result to {result_output_path}")
 
+        if self.options.opcode_count == "stdout":
+            opcode_count_results = self._tracer(CountTracer).results()
+            json_output["opcodeCount"] = opcode_count_results
+        elif self.options.opcode_count is not None:
+            opcode_count_results = self._tracer(CountTracer).results()
+            result_output_path = os.path.join(
+                self.options.output_basedir,
+                self.options.opcode_count,
+            )
+            with open(result_output_path, "w") as f:
+                json.dump(opcode_count_results, f, indent=4)
+            self.logger.info(f"Wrote opcode counts to {result_output_path}")
+
         if json_output:
             json.dump(json_output, self.out_file, indent=4)
 
diff --git a/src/ethereum_spec_tools/evm_tools/t8n/evm_trace/count.py b/src/ethereum_spec_tools/evm_tools/t8n/evm_trace/count.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2d953b99fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ethereum_spec_tools/evm_tools/t8n/evm_trace/count.py
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+"""
+EVM trace implementation that counts how many times each opcode is executed.
+"""
+from collections import defaultdict
+
+from ethereum.trace import EvmTracer, OpStart, TraceEvent
+
+from .protocols import Evm
+
+
+class CountTracer(EvmTracer):
+    """
+    EVM trace implementation that counts how many times each opcode is
+    executed.
+    """
+
+    transaction_environment: object | None
+    active_traces: defaultdict[str, int]
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.transaction_environment = None
+        self.active_traces = defaultdict(lambda: 0)
+
+    def __call__(self, evm: object, event: TraceEvent) -> None:
+        """
+        Create a trace of the event.
+        """
+        if not isinstance(event, OpStart):
+            return
+
+        assert isinstance(evm, Evm)
+
+        if self.transaction_environment is not evm.message.tx_env:
+            self.active_traces = defaultdict(lambda: 0)
+            self.transaction_environment = evm.message.tx_env
+
+        self.active_traces[event.op.name] += 1
+
+    def results(self) -> dict[str, int]:
+        """
+        Return and clear the current opcode counts.
+        """
+        results = self.active_traces
+        self.active_traces = defaultdict(lambda: 0)
+        self.transaction_environment = None
+        return results
diff --git a/src/ethereum_spec_tools/evm_tools/t8n/evm_trace/group.py b/src/ethereum_spec_tools/evm_tools/t8n/evm_trace/group.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e4f0e34242
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ethereum_spec_tools/evm_tools/t8n/evm_trace/group.py
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+"""
+EVM trace implementation that fans out to many concrete trace implementations.
+"""
+from typing import Final
+
+from typing_extensions import override
+
+from ethereum.trace import EvmTracer, TraceEvent
+
+
+class GroupTracer(EvmTracer):
+    """
+    EVM trace implementation that fans out to many concrete trace
+    implementations.
+    """
+
+    tracers: Final[set[EvmTracer]]
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.tracers = set()
+
+    def add(self, tracer: EvmTracer) -> None:
+        """
+        Insert a new tracer.
+        """
+        self.tracers.add(tracer)
+
+    @override
+    def __call__(
+        self,
+        evm: object,
+        event: TraceEvent,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Record a trace event.
+        """
+        for tracer in self.tracers:
+            tracer(evm, event)
diff --git a/tests/evm_tools/test_count_opcodes.py b/tests/evm_tools/test_count_opcodes.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f89d28a0a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/evm_tools/test_count_opcodes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+import json
+from io import StringIO
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Callable
+
+import pytest
+
+from ethereum_spec_tools.evm_tools import create_parser
+from ethereum_spec_tools.evm_tools.t8n import T8N
+
+parser = create_parser()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.evm_tools
+def test_count_opcodes(root_relative: Callable[[str | Path], Path]) -> None:
+    base_path = root_relative(
+        "fixtures/evm_tools_testdata/t8n/fixtures/testdata/2"
+    )
+
+    options = parser.parse_args(
+        [
+            "t8n",
+            f"--input.env={base_path / 'env.json'}",
+            f"--input.alloc={base_path / 'alloc.json'}",
+            f"--input.txs={base_path / 'txs.json'}",
+            "--output.result=stdout",
+            "--output.body=stdout",
+            "--output.alloc=stdout",
+            "--opcode.count=stdout",
+            "--state-test",
+        ]
+    )
+
+    in_file = StringIO()
+    out_file = StringIO()
+
+    t8n_tool = T8N(options, out_file=out_file, in_file=in_file)
+    exit_code = t8n_tool.run()
+    assert 0 == exit_code
+
+    results = json.loads(out_file.getvalue())
+
+    assert results["opcodeCount"] == {
+        "PUSH1": 5,
+        "MSTORE8": 1,
+        "CREATE": 1,
+        "ADD": 1,
+        "SELFDESTRUCT": 1,
+    }
diff --git a/tests/json_infra/conftest.py b/tests/json_infra/conftest.py
index b770ed67c1..a070499365 100644
--- a/tests/json_infra/conftest.py
+++ b/tests/json_infra/conftest.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 import shutil
 import tarfile
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Final, Optional, Set
+from typing import Callable, Final, Optional, Set
 
 import git
 import requests_cache
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 from _pytest.nodes import Item
 from filelock import FileLock
 from git.exc import GitCommandError, InvalidGitRepositoryError
-from pytest import Session, StashKey
+from pytest import Session, StashKey, fixture
 from requests_cache import CachedSession
 from requests_cache.backends.sqlite import SQLiteCache
 from typing_extensions import Self
@@ -27,6 +27,19 @@ def get_xdist_worker_id(request_or_session: object) -> str:  # noqa: U100
         return "master"
 
 
+@fixture()
+def root_relative() -> Callable[[str | Path], Path]:
+    """
+    A fixture that provides a function to resolve a path relative to
+    `conftest.py`.
+    """
+
+    def _(path: str | Path) -> Path:
+        return Path(__file__).parent / path
+
+    return _
+
+
 def pytest_addoption(parser: Parser) -> None:
     """
     Accept --evm-trace option in pytest.