BAEL-8482: Merge articles on Java Math (#17548)

Author: achraftt

core-java-modules/core-java-numbers-2/src/test/java/com/baeldung/java/math/Java8MathUnitTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+package com.baeldung.java.math;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+
+public class Java8MathUnitTest {
+
+    @Test
+    public void whenAddExactToInteger_thenExpectCorrectArithmeticResult() {
+        assertEquals(150, Math.addExact(100, 50));                // Returns 150
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void whenSubstractExactFromInteger_thenExpectCorrectArithmeticResult() {
+        assertEquals(50, Math.subtractExact(100, 50));            // Returns 50
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void whenDecrementExactInteger_thenExpectCorrectArithmeticResult() {
+        assertEquals(99, Math.decrementExact(100));               // Returns 99
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void whenIncrementExactToInteger_thenExpectCorrectArithmeticResult() {
+        assertEquals(101, Math.incrementExact(100));              // Returns 101
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void whenMultiplyExactTwoIntegers_thenExpectCorrectArithmeticResult() {
+        assertEquals(500, Math.multiplyExact(100, 5));            // Returns 500
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void whenNegateExactInteger_thenExpectCorrectArithmeticResult() {
+        assertEquals(-100, Math.negateExact(100));                // Returns -100
+    }
+    
+    @Test(expected = ArithmeticException.class) 
+    public void whenAddToMaxInteger_thenThrowsArithmeticException() {
+        Math.addExact(Integer.MAX_VALUE, 1);                      // Throws ArithmeticException
+    }
+    
+    @Test(expected = ArithmeticException.class) 
+    public void whenDecrementMinInteger_thenThrowsArithmeticException() {
+        Math.decrementExact(Integer.MIN_VALUE);                   // Throws ArithmeticException
+    }
+    
+    @Test(expected = ArithmeticException.class) 
+    public void whenIncrementMaxLong_thenThrowsArithmeticException() {
+        Math.incrementExact(Long.MAX_VALUE);                      // Throws ArithmeticException
+    }
+    
+    @Test(expected = ArithmeticException.class) 
+    public void whenMultiplyMaxLong_thenThrowsArithmeticException() {
+        Math.multiplyExact(Long.MAX_VALUE, 2);                    // Throws ArithmeticException
+    }
+    
+    @Test(expected = ArithmeticException.class) 
+    public void whenNegateMinInteger_thenThrowsArithmeticException() {
+        Math.negateExact(Integer.MIN_VALUE);                      // MinInt value: −2.147.483.648, but MaxInt Value: 2.147.483.647  => Throws ArithmeticException
+    }
+    
+    @Test(expected = ArithmeticException.class) 
+    public void whenSubstractFromMinInteger_thenThrowsArithmeticException() {
+        Math.subtractExact(Integer.MIN_VALUE, 1);
+    }
+    
+    @Test
+    public void whenFloorDivTwoIntegers_thenExpectCorrectArithmeticResult() {
+        assertEquals(3, Math.floorDiv(7, 2));                     // Exact quotient is 3.5 so floor(3.5) == 3
+        assertEquals(-4, Math.floorDiv(-7, 2));                   // Exact quotient is -3.5 so floor(-3.5) == -4
+    }
+    
+    @Test
+    public void whenFloorModTwoIntegers_thenExpectCorrectArithmeticResult() {
+        assertEquals(2, Math.floorMod(5, 3));                     // Returns 2: floorMod for positive numbers returns the same as % operator
+        assertEquals(1, Math.floorMod(-5, 3));                    // Returns 1 and not 2 because floorDiv(-5, 3) is -2 and not -1 and (-2*3) + (1) = -5
+    }
+    
+    @Test
+    public void whenNextDownOfDouble_thenExpectCorrectNumber() {
+        double number = 3.0;
+        double expected = 2.999999999999;
+        double delta = 0.00000001;
+        assertEquals(expected, Math.nextDown(number), delta);     // The delta defines the accepted error range
+    }
+    
+}