Add say (#383)

Author: BNAndras

config.json

@@ -752,6 +752,14 @@
         "prerequisites": [],
         "difficulty": 5
       },
+      {
+        "slug": "say",
+        "name": "Say",
+        "uuid": "0f01ba32-e46b-47ac-93c7-e0c3739424ae",
+        "practices": [],
+        "prerequisites": [],
+        "difficulty": 5
+      },
       {
         "slug": "spiral-matrix",
         "name": "Spiral Matrix",

exercises/practice/say/.docs/instructions.md

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# Instructions
+
+Given a number, your task is to express it in English words exactly as your friend should say it out loud.
+Yaʻqūb expects to use numbers from 0 up to 999,999,999,999.
+
+Examples:
+
+- 0 → zero
+- 1 → one
+- 12 → twelve
+- 123 → one hundred twenty-three
+- 1,234 → one thousand two hundred thirty-four

exercises/practice/say/.docs/introduction.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# Introduction
+
+Your friend Yaʻqūb works the counter at the busiest deli in town, slicing, weighing, and wrapping orders for a never-ending line of hungry customers.
+To keep things moving, each customer takes a numbered ticket when they arrive.
+
+When it’s time to call the next person, Yaʻqūb reads their number out loud, always in full English words to make sure everyone hears it clearly.

exercises/practice/say/.meta/config.json

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+{
+  "authors": [
+    "BNAndras"
+  ],
+  "files": {
+    "solution": [
+      "say.coffee"
+    ],
+    "test": [
+      "say.spec.coffee"
+    ],
+    "example": [
+      ".meta/example.coffee"
+    ]
+  },
+  "blurb": "Given a number from 0 to 999,999,999,999, spell out that number in English.",
+  "source": "A variation on the JavaRanch CattleDrive, Assignment 4",
+  "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240907035912/https://coderanch.com/wiki/718804"
+}

exercises/practice/say/.meta/example.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+class Say
+  @say: (number) ->
+    throw new Error 'input out of range' if number < 0 or  number > 999999999999
+
+    if number is 0
+      return 'zero'
+
+    chunks = @chunksFromRight number.toString()
+    words = (chunks.map Number).map @toWords.bind @
+    words = words.map @applyScale.bind @
+    words = words.filter (word) -> word isnt ''
+    words.reverse().join(' ')
+
+  @chunksFromRight: (str) ->
+    chunks = []
+    working = str
+
+    while working.length > 0
+      chunks.push working.slice -3
+      working = working.slice 0, -3
+
+    chunks
+
+  @toWords: (chunk) ->
+    words = []
+    if chunk < 20
+      words.push @firstTwentyNumbers[chunk]
+    else if chunk < 100
+      tens = @wordsForTens[Math.floor(chunk / 10)]
+      ones = @firstTwentyNumbers[chunk % 10]
+      if ones
+        words.push "#{tens}-#{ones}"
+      else
+        words.push tens
+    else
+      hundreds = @firstTwentyNumbers[Math.floor(chunk / 100)]
+      rest = @toWords(chunk % 100)
+      if rest
+        words.push "#{hundreds} hundred #{rest}"
+      else
+        words.push "#{hundreds} hundred"
+
+    words.join ' '
+
+  @applyScale: (word, index) ->
+    if word is ''
+      return ''
+    if index == 0
+      return word    
+    if index == 1
+      return "#{word} thousand"
+    if index == 2
+      return "#{word} million"
+    if index == 3
+      return "#{word} billion"
+    else
+      return word
+
+  @firstTwentyNumbers: [
+    '', 'one', 'two', 'three', 'four', 'five', 'six', 'seven', 'eight', 'nine', 'ten',
+    'eleven', 'twelve', 'thirteen', 'fourteen', 'fifteen', 'sixteen', 'seventeen', 'eighteen', 'nineteen'
+  ]
+
+  @wordsForTens: [
+    '', 'ten', 'twenty', 'thirty', 'forty', 'fifty', 'sixty', 'seventy', 'eighty', 'ninety'
+  ]
+
+module.exports = Say

exercises/practice/say/.meta/tests.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+# This is an auto-generated file.
+#
+# Regenerating this file via `configlet sync` will:
+# - Recreate every `description` key/value pair
+# - Recreate every `reimplements` key/value pair, where they exist in problem-specifications
+# - Remove any `include = true` key/value pair (an omitted `include` key implies inclusion)
+# - Preserve any other key/value pair
+#
+# As user-added comments (using the # character) will be removed when this file
+# is regenerated, comments can be added via a `comment` key.
+
+[5d22a120-ba0c-428c-bd25-8682235d83e8]
+description = "zero"
+
+[9b5eed77-dbf6-439d-b920-3f7eb58928f6]
+description = "one"
+
+[7c499be1-612e-4096-a5e1-43b2f719406d]
+description = "fourteen"
+
+[f541dd8e-f070-4329-92b4-b7ce2fcf06b4]
+description = "twenty"
+
+[d78601eb-4a84-4bfa-bf0e-665aeb8abe94]
+description = "twenty-two"
+
+[f010d4ca-12c9-44e9-803a-27789841adb1]
+description = "thirty"
+
+[738ce12d-ee5c-4dfb-ad26-534753a98327]
+description = "ninety-nine"
+
+[e417d452-129e-4056-bd5b-6eb1df334dce]
+description = "one hundred"
+
+[d6924f30-80ba-4597-acf6-ea3f16269da8]
+description = "one hundred twenty-three"
+
+[2f061132-54bc-4fd4-b5df-0a3b778959b9]
+description = "two hundred"
+
+[feed6627-5387-4d38-9692-87c0dbc55c33]
+description = "nine hundred ninety-nine"
+
+[3d83da89-a372-46d3-b10d-de0c792432b3]
+description = "one thousand"
+
+[865af898-1d5b-495f-8ff0-2f06d3c73709]
+description = "one thousand two hundred thirty-four"
+
+[b6a3f442-266e-47a3-835d-7f8a35f6cf7f]
+description = "one million"
+
+[2cea9303-e77e-4212-b8ff-c39f1978fc70]
+description = "one million two thousand three hundred forty-five"
+
+[3e240eeb-f564-4b80-9421-db123f66a38f]
+description = "one billion"
+
+[9a43fed1-c875-4710-8286-5065d73b8a9e]
+description = "a big number"
+
+[49a6a17b-084e-423e-994d-a87c0ecc05ef]
+description = "numbers below zero are out of range"
+
+[4d6492eb-5853-4d16-9d34-b0f61b261fd9]
+description = "numbers above 999,999,999,999 are out of range"

exercises/practice/say/say.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+class Say
+  @say: (number) ->
+
+module.exports = Say

exercises/practice/say/say.spec.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+Say = require './say'
+
+describe 'Say', ->
+  it 'zero', ->
+    expect(Say.say 0).toEqual 'zero'
+
+  xit 'one', ->
+    expect(Say.say 1).toEqual 'one'
+
+  xit 'fourteen', ->
+    expect(Say.say 14).toEqual 'fourteen'
+  
+  xit 'twenty', ->
+    expect(Say.say 20).toEqual 'twenty'
+
+  xit 'twenty-two', ->
+    expect(Say.say 22).toEqual 'twenty-two'
+
+  xit 'thirty', ->
+    expect(Say.say 30).toEqual 'thirty'
+
+  xit 'ninety-nine', ->
+    expect(Say.say 99).toEqual 'ninety-nine'
+
+  xit 'one hundred', ->
+    expect(Say.say 100).toEqual 'one hundred'
+
+  xit 'one hundred twenty-three', ->
+    expect(Say.say 123).toEqual 'one hundred twenty-three'
+
+  xit 'two hundred', ->
+    expect(Say.say 200).toEqual 'two hundred'
+
+  xit 'nine hundred ninety-nine', ->
+    expect(Say.say 999).toEqual 'nine hundred ninety-nine'
+
+  xit 'one thousand', ->
+    expect(Say.say 1000).toEqual 'one thousand'
+
+  xit 'one thousand two hundred thirty-four', ->
+    expect(Say.say 1234).toEqual 'one thousand two hundred thirty-four'
+
+  xit 'one million', ->
+    expect(Say.say 1000000).toEqual 'one million'
+
+  xit 'one million two thousand three hundred forty-five', ->
+    expect(Say.say 1002345).toEqual 'one million two thousand three hundred forty-five'
+
+  xit 'one billion', ->
+    expect(Say.say 1000000000).toEqual 'one billion'
+
+  xit 'a big number', ->
+    expect(Say.say 987654321123).toEqual 'nine hundred eighty-seven billion ' + 
+                                         'six hundred fifty-four million ' +
+                                         'three hundred twenty-one thousand ' +
+                                         'one hundred twenty-three'
+
+  xit 'numbers below zero are out of range', ->
+    expect ->
+      Say.say -1
+    .toThrow new Error 'input out of range'
+
+  xit 'numbers above 999,999,999,999 are out of range', ->
+    expect ->
+      Say.say 1000000000000
+    .toThrow new Error 'input out of range'