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exercises/practice/affine-cipher/.docs/instructions.md

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The affine cipher is a type of monoalphabetic substitution cipher.
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Each character is mapped to its numeric equivalent, encrypted with a mathematical function and then converted to the letter relating to its new numeric value.
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Although all monoalphabetic ciphers are weak, the affine cipher is much stronger than the atbash cipher, because it has many more keys.
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Although all monoalphabetic ciphers are weak, the affine cipher is much stronger than the Atbash cipher, because it has many more keys.
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[//]: # " monoalphabetic as spelled by Merriam-Webster, compare to polyalphabetic "
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# Instructions
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Your task is to, given a target word and a set of candidate words, to find the subset of the candidates that are anagrams of the target.
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Given a target word and one or more candidate words, your task is to find the candidates that are anagrams of the target.
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An anagram is a rearrangement of letters to form a new word: for example `"owns"` is an anagram of `"snow"`.
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A word is _not_ its own anagram: for example, `"stop"` is not an anagram of `"stop"`.
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The target and candidates are words of one or more ASCII alphabetic characters (`A`-`Z` and `a`-`z`).
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Lowercase and uppercase characters are equivalent: for example, `"PoTS"` is an anagram of `"sTOp"`, but `StoP` is not an anagram of `sTOp`.
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The anagram set is the subset of the candidate set that are anagrams of the target (in any order).
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Words in the anagram set should have the same letter case as in the candidate set.
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The target word and candidate words are made up of one or more ASCII alphabetic characters (`A`-`Z` and `a`-`z`).
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Lowercase and uppercase characters are equivalent: for example, `"PoTS"` is an anagram of `"sTOp"`, but `"StoP"` is not an anagram of `"sTOp"`.
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The words you need to find should be taken from the candidate words, using the same letter case.
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Given the target `"stone"` and candidates `"stone"`, `"tones"`, `"banana"`, `"tons"`, `"notes"`, `"Seton"`, the anagram set is `"tones"`, `"notes"`, `"Seton"`.
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Given the target `"stone"` and the candidate words `"stone"`, `"tones"`, `"banana"`, `"tons"`, `"notes"`, and `"Seton"`, the anagram words you need to find are `"tones"`, `"notes"`, and `"Seton"`.

exercises/practice/atbash-cipher/.docs/instructions.md

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# Instructions
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Create an implementation of the atbash cipher, an ancient encryption system created in the Middle East.
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Create an implementation of the Atbash cipher, an ancient encryption system created in the Middle East.
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The Atbash cipher is a simple substitution cipher that relies on transposing all the letters in the alphabet such that the resulting alphabet is backwards.
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The first letter is replaced with the last letter, the second with the second-last, and so on.

exercises/practice/atbash-cipher/.meta/config.json

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"AtbashCipher.csproj"
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]
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},
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"blurb": "Create an implementation of the atbash cipher, an ancient encryption system created in the Middle East.",
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"blurb": "Create an implementation of the Atbash cipher, an ancient encryption system created in the Middle East.",
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"source": "Wikipedia",
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"source_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atbash"
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}
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# This is an auto-generated file.
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#
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# Regenerating this file via `configlet sync` will:
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# - Recreate every `description` key/value pair
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# - Recreate every `reimplements` key/value pair, where they exist in problem-specifications
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# - Remove any `include = true` key/value pair (an omitted `include` key implies inclusion)
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# - Preserve any other key/value pair
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#
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# As user-added comments (using the # character) will be removed when this file
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# is regenerated, comments can be added via a `comment` key.
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[983a1528-4ceb-45e5-8257-8ce01aceb5ed]
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description = "Newly opened account has zero balance"
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[e88d4ec3-c6bf-4752-8e59-5046c44e3ba7]
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description = "Single deposit"
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[3d9147d4-63f4-4844-8d2b-1fee2e9a2a0d]
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description = "Multiple deposits"
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[08f1af07-27ae-4b38-aa19-770bde558064]
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description = "Withdraw once"
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[6f6d242f-8c31-4ac6-8995-a90d42cad59f]
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description = "Withdraw twice"
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[45161c94-a094-4c77-9cec-998b70429bda]
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description = "Can do multiple operations sequentially"
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[f9facfaa-d824-486e-8381-48832c4bbffd]
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description = "Cannot check balance of closed account"
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[7a65ba52-e35c-4fd2-8159-bda2bde6e59c]
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description = "Cannot deposit into closed account"
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[a0a1835d-faae-4ad4-a6f3-1fcc2121380b]
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description = "Cannot deposit into unopened account"
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[570dfaa5-0532-4c1f-a7d3-0f65c3265608]
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description = "Cannot withdraw from closed account"
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[c396d233-1c49-4272-98dc-7f502dbb9470]
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description = "Cannot close an account that was not opened"
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[c06f534f-bdc2-4a02-a388-1063400684de]
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description = "Cannot open an already opened account"
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[0722d404-6116-4f92-ba3b-da7f88f1669c]
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description = "Reopened account does not retain balance"
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[ec42245f-9361-4341-8231-a22e8d19c52f]
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description = "Cannot withdraw more than deposited"
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[4f381ef8-10ef-4507-8e1d-0631ecc8ee72]
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description = "Cannot withdraw negative"
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[d45df9ea-1db0-47f3-b18c-d365db49d938]
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description = "Cannot deposit negative"
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[ba0c1e0b-0f00-416f-8097-a7dfc97871ff]
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description = "Can handle concurrent transactions"

exercises/practice/bob/.meta/tests.toml

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[66953780-165b-4e7e-8ce3-4bcb80b6385a]
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description = "multiple line question"
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include = false
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[5371ef75-d9ea-4103-bcfa-2da973ddec1b]
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description = "starting with whitespace"
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[12983553-8601-46a8-92fa-fcaa3bc4a2a0]
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description = "non-question ending with whitespace"
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[2c7278ac-f955-4eb4-bf8f-e33eb4116a15]
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description = "multiple line question"
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reimplements = "66953780-165b-4e7e-8ce3-4bcb80b6385a"
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# Instructions
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Correctly determine the fewest number of coins to be given to a customer such that the sum of the coins' value would equal the correct amount of change.
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Determine the fewest number of coins to give a customer so that the sum of their values equals the correct amount of change.
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## For example
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## Examples
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- An input of 15 with [1, 5, 10, 25, 100] should return one nickel (5) and one dime (10) or [5, 10]
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- An input of 40 with [1, 5, 10, 25, 100] should return one nickel (5) and one dime (10) and one quarter (25) or [5, 10, 25]
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## Edge cases
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- Does your algorithm work for any given set of coins?
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- Can you ask for negative change?
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- Can you ask for a change value smaller than the smallest coin value?
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- An amount of 15 with available coin values [1, 5, 10, 25, 100] should return one coin of value 5 and one coin of value 10, or [5, 10].
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- An amount of 40 with available coin values [1, 5, 10, 25, 100] should return one coin of value 5, one coin of value 10, and one coin of value 25, or [5, 10, 25].
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# Introduction
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In the mystical village of Coinholt, you stand behind the counter of your bakery, arranging a fresh batch of pastries.
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The door creaks open, and in walks Denara, a skilled merchant with a keen eye for quality goods.
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After a quick meal, she slides a shimmering coin across the counter, representing a value of 100 units.
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You smile, taking the coin, and glance at the total cost of the meal: 88 units.
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That means you need to return 12 units in change.
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Denara holds out her hand expectantly.
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"Just give me the fewest coins," she says with a smile.
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"My pouch is already full, and I don't want to risk losing them on the road."
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You know you have a few options.
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"We have Lumis (worth 10 units), Viras (worth 5 units), and Zenth (worth 2 units) available for change."
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You quickly calculate the possibilities in your head:
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- one Lumis (1 × 10 units) + one Zenth (1 × 2 units) = 2 coins total
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- two Viras (2 × 5 units) + one Zenth (1 × 2 units) = 3 coins total
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- six Zenth (6 × 2 units) = 6 coins total
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"The best choice is two coins: one Lumis and one Zenth," you say, handing her the change.
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Denara smiles, clearly impressed.
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"As always, you've got it right."

exercises/practice/change/.meta/tests.toml

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[9a166411-d35d-4f7f-a007-6724ac266178]
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description = "another possible change without unit coins available"
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[ce0f80d5-51c3-469d-818c-3e69dbd25f75]
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description = "a greedy approach is not optimal"
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[bbbcc154-e9e9-4209-a4db-dd6d81ec26bb]
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description = "no coins make 0 change"
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# Instructions
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The Collatz Conjecture or 3x+1 problem can be summarized as follows:
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Take any positive integer n.
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If n is even, divide n by 2 to get n / 2.
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If n is odd, multiply n by 3 and add 1 to get 3n + 1.
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Repeat the process indefinitely.
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The conjecture states that no matter which number you start with, you will always reach 1 eventually.
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Given a number n, return the number of steps required to reach 1.
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## Examples
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Starting with n = 12, the steps would be as follows:
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0. 12
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1. 6
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2. 3
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3. 10
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4. 5
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5. 16
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6. 8
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7. 4
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8. 2
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9. 1
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Resulting in 9 steps.
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So for input n = 12, the return value would be 9.
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Given a positive integer, return the number of steps it takes to reach 1 according to the rules of the Collatz Conjecture.

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