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‎exercises/concept/jedliks-toy-car/.docs/hints.md‎

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# Hints
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## General
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## 1. Buy a brand-new remote controlled car
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- [This page shows how to create a new instance of a class][creating-objects].
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## 2. Display the distance driven
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- Keep track of the distance driven in a [field][fields].
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- Consider what visibility to use for the field (does it need to be used outside the class?).
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## 3. Display the battery percentage
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- Keep track of the distance driven in a [field][fields].
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- Initialize the field to a specific value corresponding to the initial battery charge.
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- Consider what visibility to use for the field (does it need to be used outside the class?).
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## 4. Update the number of meters driven when driving
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- Update the field representing the distance driven.
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## 5. Update the battery percentage when driving
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- Update the field representing the battery percentage driven.
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## 6. Prevent driving when the battery is drained
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- Add a conditional to only update the distance and battery if the battery is not already drained.
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- Add a conditional to display the empty battery message if the battery is drained.
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[creating-objects]: https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/javaOO/objectcreation.html
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[fields]: https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/javaOO/classvars.html
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# Hints
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## General
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## 1. Buy a brand-new remote controlled car
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- [This page shows how to create a new instance of a class][creating-objects].
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## 2. Display the distance driven
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- Keep track of the distance driven in a [field][fields].
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- Consider what visibility to use for the field (does it need to be used outside the class?).
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## 3. Display the battery percentage
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- Keep track of the distance driven in a [field][fields].
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- Initialize the field to a specific value corresponding to the initial battery charge.
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- Consider what visibility to use for the field (does it need to be used outside the class?).
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## 4. Update the number of meters driven when driving
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- Update the field representing the distance driven.
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## 5. Update the battery percentage when driving
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- Update the field representing the battery percentage driven.
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## 6. Prevent driving when the battery is drained
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- Add a conditional to only update the distance and battery if the battery is not already drained.
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- Add a conditional to display the empty battery message if the battery is drained.
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[creating-objects]: https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/javaOO/objectcreation.html
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[fields]: https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/javaOO/classvars.html

‎exercises/concept/jedliks-toy-car/.docs/instructions.md‎

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# Instructions
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In this exercise you'll be playing around with a remote controlled car, which you've finally saved enough money for to buy.
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Cars start with full (100%) batteries. Each time you drive the car using the remote control, it covers 20 meters and drains one percent of the battery.
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The remote controlled car has a fancy LED display that shows two bits of information:
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- The total distance it has driven, displayed as: `"Driven <METERS> meters"`.
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- The remaining battery charge, displayed as: `"Battery at <PERCENTAGE>%"`.
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If the battery is at 0%, you can't drive the car anymore and the battery display will show `"Battery empty"`.
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You have six tasks, each of which will work with remote controlled car instances.
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## 1. Buy a brand-new remote controlled car
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Implement the (_static_) `JedliksToyCar.buy()` method to return a brand-new remote controlled car instance:
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```java
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JedliksToyCar car = JedliksToyCar.buy();
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```
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## 2. Display the distance driven
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Implement the `JedliksToyCar.distanceDisplay()` method to return the distance as displayed on the LED display:
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```java
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JedliksToyCar car = JedliksToyCar.buy();
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car.distanceDisplay();
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// => "Driven 0 meters"
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```
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## 3. Display the battery percentage
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Implement the `JedliksToyCar.batteryDisplay()` method to return the battery percentage as displayed on the LED display:
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```java
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JedliksToyCar car = JedliksToyCar.buy();
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car.batteryDisplay();
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// => "Battery at 100%"
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```
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## 4. Update the number of meters driven when driving
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Implement the `JedliksToyCar.drive()` method that updates the number of meters driven:
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```java
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JedliksToyCar car = JedliksToyCar.buy();
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car.drive();
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car.drive();
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car.distanceDisplay();
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// => "Driven 40 meters"
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```
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## 5. Update the battery percentage when driving
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Update the `JedliksToyCar.drive()` method to update the battery percentage:
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```java
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JedliksToyCar car = JedliksToyCar.buy();
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car.drive();
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car.drive();
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car.batteryDisplay();
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// => "Battery at 98%"
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```
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## 6. Prevent driving when the battery is drained
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Update the `JedliksToyCar.drive()` method to not increase the distance driven nor decrease the battery percentage when the battery is drained (at 0%):
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```java
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JedliksToyCar car = JedliksToyCar.buy();
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// Drain the battery
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// ...
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car.distanceDisplay();
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// => "Driven 2000 meters"
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car.batteryDisplay();
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// => "Battery empty"
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```
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# Instructions
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In this exercise you'll be playing around with a remote controlled car, which you've finally saved enough money for to buy.
4+
5+
Cars start with full (100%) batteries. Each time you drive the car using the remote control, it covers 20 meters and drains one percent of the battery.
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7+
The remote controlled car has a fancy LED display that shows two bits of information:
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- The total distance it has driven, displayed as: `"Driven <METERS> meters"`.
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- The remaining battery charge, displayed as: `"Battery at <PERCENTAGE>%"`.
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If the battery is at 0%, you can't drive the car anymore and the battery display will show `"Battery empty"`.
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You have six tasks, each of which will work with remote controlled car instances.
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## 1. Buy a brand-new remote controlled car
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Implement the (_static_) `JedliksToyCar.buy()` method to return a brand-new remote controlled car instance:
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```java
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JedliksToyCar car = JedliksToyCar.buy();
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```
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## 2. Display the distance driven
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Implement the `JedliksToyCar.distanceDisplay()` method to return the distance as displayed on the LED display:
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```java
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JedliksToyCar car = JedliksToyCar.buy();
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car.distanceDisplay();
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// => "Driven 0 meters"
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```
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## 3. Display the battery percentage
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Implement the `JedliksToyCar.batteryDisplay()` method to return the battery percentage as displayed on the LED display:
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```java
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JedliksToyCar car = JedliksToyCar.buy();
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car.batteryDisplay();
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// => "Battery at 100%"
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```
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## 4. Update the number of meters driven when driving
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Implement the `JedliksToyCar.drive()` method that updates the number of meters driven:
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```java
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JedliksToyCar car = JedliksToyCar.buy();
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car.drive();
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car.drive();
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car.distanceDisplay();
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// => "Driven 40 meters"
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```
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## 5. Update the battery percentage when driving
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Update the `JedliksToyCar.drive()` method to update the battery percentage:
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```java
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JedliksToyCar car = JedliksToyCar.buy();
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car.drive();
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car.drive();
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car.batteryDisplay();
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// => "Battery at 98%"
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```
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## 6. Prevent driving when the battery is drained
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Update the `JedliksToyCar.drive()` method to not increase the distance driven nor decrease the battery percentage when the battery is drained (at 0%):
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```java
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JedliksToyCar car = JedliksToyCar.buy();
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// Drain the battery
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// ...
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car.distanceDisplay();
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// => "Driven 2000 meters"
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car.batteryDisplay();
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// => "Battery empty"
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```

‎exercises/concept/jedliks-toy-car/.docs/introduction.md‎

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# Introduction
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## Classes
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The primary object-oriented construct in Java is the _class_, which is a combination of data (_fields_) and behavior (_methods_).
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The fields and methods of a class are known as its _members_.
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Access to members can be controlled through access modifiers, the two most common ones being:
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- `public`: the member can be accessed by any code (no restrictions).
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- `private`: the member can only be accessed by code in the same class.
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You can think of a class as a template for creating instances of that class.
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To create an instance of a class (also known as an _object_), the `new` keyword is used:
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```java
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class Car {
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}
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// Create two car instances
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Car myCar = new Car();
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Car yourCar = new Car();
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```
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Fields have a type and a name (defined in camelCase) and can be defined anywhere in a class (by convention cased in PascalCase):
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```java
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class Car {
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// Accessible by anyone
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public int weight;
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// Only accessible by code in this class
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private String color;
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}
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```
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One can optionally assign an initial value to a field.
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If a field does _not_ specify an initial value, it will be set to its type's default value.
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An instance's field values can be accessed and updated using dot notation.
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```java
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class Car {
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// Will be set to specified value
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public int weight = 2500;
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// Will be set to default value (0)
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public int year;
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}
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Car newCar = new Car();
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newCar.weight; // => 2500
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newCar.year; // => 0
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// Update value of the field
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newCar.year = 2018;
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```
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Private fields are usually updated as a side effect of calling a method.
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Such methods usually don't return any value, in which case the return type should be `void`:
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```java
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class CarImporter {
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private int carsImported;
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public void importCars(int numberOfCars)
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{
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// Update private field from public method
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carsImported = carsImported + numberOfCars;
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}
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}
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```
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# Introduction
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## Classes
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The primary object-oriented construct in Java is the _class_, which is a combination of data (_fields_) and behavior (_methods_).
6+
The fields and methods of a class are known as its _members_.
7+
8+
Access to members can be controlled through access modifiers, the two most common ones being:
9+
10+
- `public`: the member can be accessed by any code (no restrictions).
11+
- `private`: the member can only be accessed by code in the same class.
12+
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You can think of a class as a template for creating instances of that class.
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To create an instance of a class (also known as an _object_), the `new` keyword is used:
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16+
```java
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class Car {
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}
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// Create two car instances
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Car myCar = new Car();
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Car yourCar = new Car();
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```
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Fields have a type and a name (defined in camelCase) and can be defined anywhere in a class (by convention cased in PascalCase):
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```java
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class Car {
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// Accessible by anyone
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public int weight;
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// Only accessible by code in this class
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private String color;
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}
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```
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One can optionally assign an initial value to a field.
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If a field does _not_ specify an initial value, it will be set to its type's default value.
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An instance's field values can be accessed and updated using dot notation.
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```java
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class Car {
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// Will be set to specified value
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public int weight = 2500;
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// Will be set to default value (0)
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public int year;
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}
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Car newCar = new Car();
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newCar.weight; // => 2500
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newCar.year; // => 0
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// Update value of the field
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newCar.year = 2018;
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```
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Private fields are usually updated as a side effect of calling a method.
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Such methods usually don't return any value, in which case the return type should be `void`:
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```java
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class CarImporter {
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private int carsImported;
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public void importCars(int numberOfCars)
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{
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// Update private field from public method
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carsImported = carsImported + numberOfCars;
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}
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}
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```

‎exercises/concept/jedliks-toy-car/.docs/introduction.md.tpl‎

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# Introduction
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%{concept:classes}
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# Introduction
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%{concept:classes}

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