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Recursion is a programming technique where a function calls itself to solve smaller instances of the same problem. It’s a powerful tool for breaking down problems that can be divided into smaller, similar sub-problems. However, recursion can quickly run into issues such as **Memory Allocation Errors** or **Maximum Call Stack Size Exceeded** if not handled carefully.
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In JavaScript, one important limitation is the **lack of Tail-Call Optimization (TCO)**. Tail-call optimization allows the language engine to reuse the stack frame for recursive calls when they occur at the end of a function. Unfortunately, JavaScript does not support TCO, which means that deeply nested recursive calls can lead to a stack overflow.
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### Interesting Facts:
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- Recursion is widely used in problems such as tree traversal, factorial calculation, and Fibonacci sequences.
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- JavaScript does not optimize tail calls, unlike other languages such as Scheme or Haskell.
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