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Scales in Western music are based on the chromatic (12-note) scale. This
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scale can be expressed as the following group of pitches:
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- > A, A# , B, C, C# , D, D# , E, F, F# , G, G#
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+ > A, A♯ , B, C, C♯ , D, D♯ , E, F, F♯ , G, G♯
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- A given sharp note (indicated by a # ) can also be expressed as the flat
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- of the note above it (indicated by a b ) so the chromatic scale can also be
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+ A given sharp note (indicated by a ♯ ) can also be expressed as the flat
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+ of the note above it (indicated by a ♭ ) so the chromatic scale can also be
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written like this:
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- > A, Bb , B, C, Db , D, Eb , E, F, Gb , G, Ab
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+ > A, B♭ , B, C, D♭ , D, E♭ , E, F, G♭ , G, A♭
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The major and minor scale and modes are subsets of this twelve-pitch
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collection. They have seven pitches, and are called diatonic scales.
@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@ a given tonic:
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| Key Signature | Major | Minor |
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| ------------- | --------------------- | -------------------- |
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| Natural | C | a |
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- | Sharp | G, D, A, E, B, F# | e, b, f# , c# , g# , d# |
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- | Flat | F, Bb, Eb, Ab, Db, Gb | d, g, c, f, bb, eb |
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+ | Sharp | G, D, A, E, B, F♯ | e, b, f♯ , c♯ , g♯ , d♯ |
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+ | Flat | F, B♭, E♭, A♭, D♭, G♭ | d, g, c, f, b♭, e♭ |
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Note that by common music theory convention the natural notes "C" and "a"
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follow the sharps scale when ascending and the flats scale when descending.
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ diatonic scales are built using only these two intervals between
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adjacent notes.
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Non-diatonic scales can contain other intervals. An "augmented second"
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- interval, written "A", has two interceding notes (e.g., from A to C or Db to E)
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+ interval, written "A", has two interceding notes (e.g., from A to C or D♭ to E)
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or a "whole step" plus a "half step". There are also smaller and larger
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intervals, but they will not figure into this exercise.
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@@ -74,10 +74,10 @@ For example, starting with G and using the seven intervals MMmMMMm, there would
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Note | Reason
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--|--
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G | Tonic
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- A | M indicates a whole step from G, skipping G#
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- B | M indicates a whole step from A, skipping A#
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+ A | M indicates a whole step from G, skipping G♯
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+ B | M indicates a whole step from A, skipping A♯
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C | m indicates a half step from B, skipping nothing
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- D | M indicates a whole step from C, skipping C#
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- E | M indicates a whole step from D, skipping D#
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- F# | M indicates a whole step from E, skipping F
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- G | m indicates a half step from F# , skipping nothing
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+ D | M indicates a whole step from C, skipping C♯
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+ E | M indicates a whole step from D, skipping D♯
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+ F♯ | M indicates a whole step from E, skipping F
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+ G | m indicates a half step from F♯ , skipping nothing
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