Sync docs and metadata (#408)

Author: BNAndras

exercises/practice/hamming/.docs/instructions.md

@@ -2,15 +2,6 @@
 
 Calculate the Hamming distance between two DNA strands.
 
-Your body is made up of cells that contain DNA.
-Those cells regularly wear out and need replacing, which they achieve by dividing into daughter cells.
-In fact, the average human body experiences about 10 quadrillion cell divisions in a lifetime!
-
-When cells divide, their DNA replicates too.
-Sometimes during this process mistakes happen and single pieces of DNA get encoded with the incorrect information.
-If we compare two strands of DNA and count the differences between them we can see how many mistakes occurred.
-This is known as the "Hamming distance".
-
 We read DNA using the letters C, A, G and T.
 Two strands might look like this:
 
@@ -20,8 +11,6 @@ Two strands might look like this:
 
 They have 7 differences, and therefore the Hamming distance is 7.
 
-The Hamming distance is useful for lots of things in science, not just biology, so it's a nice phrase to be familiar with :)
-
 ## Implementation notes
 
 The Hamming distance is only defined for sequences of equal length, so an attempt to calculate it between sequences of different lengths should not work.

exercises/practice/hamming/.docs/introduction.md

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# Introduction
+
+Your body is made up of cells that contain DNA.
+Those cells regularly wear out and need replacing, which they achieve by dividing into daughter cells.
+In fact, the average human body experiences about 10 quadrillion cell divisions in a lifetime!
+
+When cells divide, their DNA replicates too.
+Sometimes during this process mistakes happen and single pieces of DNA get encoded with the incorrect information.
+If we compare two strands of DNA and count the differences between them, we can see how many mistakes occurred.
+This is known as the "Hamming distance".
+
+The Hamming distance is useful in many areas of science, not just biology, so it's a nice phrase to be familiar with :)

exercises/practice/hamming/.meta/config.json

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
       ".meta/example.rkt"
     ]
   },
-  "blurb": "Calculate the Hamming difference between two DNA strands.",
+  "blurb": "Calculate the Hamming distance between two DNA strands.",
   "source": "The Calculating Point Mutations problem at Rosalind",
   "source_url": "https://rosalind.info/problems/hamm/"
 }

exercises/practice/protein-translation/.docs/instructions.md

@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@
 
 Translate RNA sequences into proteins.
 
-RNA can be broken into three nucleotide sequences called codons, and then translated to a polypeptide like so:
+RNA can be broken into three-nucleotide sequences called codons, and then translated to a protein like so:
 
 RNA: `"AUGUUUUCU"` => translates to
 
 Codons: `"AUG", "UUU", "UCU"`
-=> which become a polypeptide with the following sequence =>
+=> which become a protein with the following sequence =>
 
 Protein: `"Methionine", "Phenylalanine", "Serine"`
 
@@ -27,9 +27,9 @@ Protein: `"Methionine", "Phenylalanine", "Serine"`
 
 Note the stop codon `"UAA"` terminates the translation and the final methionine is not translated into the protein sequence.
 
-Below are the codons and resulting Amino Acids needed for the exercise.
+Below are the codons and resulting amino acids needed for the exercise.
 
-| Codon              | Protein       |
+| Codon              | Amino Acid    |
 | :----------------- | :------------ |
 | AUG                | Methionine    |
 | UUU, UUC           | Phenylalanine |

exercises/practice/rna-transcription/.docs/instructions.md

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 # Instructions
 
-Your task is determine the RNA complement of a given DNA sequence.
+Your task is to determine the RNA complement of a given DNA sequence.
 
 Both DNA and RNA strands are a sequence of nucleotides.
 
-The four nucleotides found in DNA are adenine (**A**), cytosine (**C**), guanine (**G**) and thymine (**T**).
+The four nucleotides found in DNA are adenine (**A**), cytosine (**C**), guanine (**G**), and thymine (**T**).
 
-The four nucleotides found in RNA are adenine (**A**), cytosine (**C**), guanine (**G**) and uracil (**U**).
+The four nucleotides found in RNA are adenine (**A**), cytosine (**C**), guanine (**G**), and uracil (**U**).
 
 Given a DNA strand, its transcribed RNA strand is formed by replacing each nucleotide with its complement:
 

exercises/practice/square-root/.docs/instructions.md

@@ -1,13 +1,18 @@
 # Instructions
 
-Given a natural radicand, return its square root.
+Your task is to calculate the square root of a given number.
 
-Note that the term "radicand" refers to the number for which the root is to be determined.
-That is, it is the number under the root symbol.
+- Try to avoid using the pre-existing math libraries of your language.
+- As input you'll be given a positive whole number, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4…
+- You are only required to handle cases where the result is a positive whole number.
 
-Check out the Wikipedia pages on [square root][square-root] and [methods of computing square roots][computing-square-roots].
+Some potential approaches:
 
-Recall also that natural numbers are positive real whole numbers (i.e. 1, 2, 3 and up).
+- Linear or binary search for a number that gives the input number when squared.
+- Successive approximation using Newton's or Heron's method.
+- Calculating one digit at a time or one bit at a time.
 
-[square-root]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square_root
+You can check out the Wikipedia pages on [integer square root][integer-square-root] and [methods of computing square roots][computing-square-roots] to help with choosing a method of calculation.
+
+[integer-square-root]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer_square_root
 [computing-square-roots]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methods_of_computing_square_roots

exercises/practice/square-root/.docs/introduction.md

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# Introduction
+
+We are launching a deep space exploration rocket and we need a way to make sure the navigation system stays on target.
+
+As the first step in our calculation, we take a target number and find its square root (that is, the number that when multiplied by itself equals the target number).
+
+The journey will be very long.
+To make the batteries last as long as possible, we had to make our rocket's onboard computer very power efficient.
+Unfortunately that means that we can't rely on fancy math libraries and functions, as they use more power.
+Instead we want to implement our own square root calculation.

exercises/practice/sublist/.docs/instructions.md

@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ Given any two lists `A` and `B`, determine if:
 - None of the above is true, thus lists `A` and `B` are unequal
 
 Specifically, list `A` is equal to list `B` if both lists have the same values in the same order.
-List `A` is a superlist of `B` if `A` contains a sub-sequence of values equal to `B`.
-List `A` is a sublist of `B` if `B` contains a sub-sequence of values equal to `A`.
+List `A` is a superlist of `B` if `A` contains a contiguous sub-sequence of values equal to `B`.
+List `A` is a sublist of `B` if `B` contains a contiguous sub-sequence of values equal to `A`.
 
 Examples: