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Add new practice exercise: anagram (#105)
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‎config.json

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"prerequisites": [],
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"difficulty": 8
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},
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{
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"slug": "anagram",
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"name": "Anagram",
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"uuid": "a4231e93-2e2c-4db2-a073-2b2c30b40185",
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"practices": [],
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"prerequisites": [],
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"difficulty": 8
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},
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{
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"slug": "armstrong-numbers",
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"name": "Armstrong Numbers",

‎exercises/practice/anagram/.docs/instructions.append.md

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# SQLite-specific instructions
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* The **candidates** column contains a JSON-encoded list of strings.
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Example:
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```json
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["stone","tones","banana","tons","notes","Seton"]
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```
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* The **result** column should contain JSON-encoded list of strings as well.
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## Table Schema
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```sql
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CREATE TABLE anagram (
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subject TEXT NOT NULL,
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candidates TEXT NOT NULL, -- json array of strings
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result TEXT -- json array of strings
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);
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```
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## JSON documentation
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[JSON Functions And Operators][json-docs]
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[json-docs]: https://www.sqlite.org/json1.htm

‎exercises/practice/anagram/.docs/instructions.md

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# Instructions
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Given a target word and one or more candidate words, your task is to find the candidates that are anagrams of the target.
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An anagram is a rearrangement of letters to form a new word: for example `"owns"` is an anagram of `"snow"`.
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A word is _not_ its own anagram: for example, `"stop"` is not an anagram of `"stop"`.
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The target word and candidate words are made up of one or more ASCII alphabetic characters (`A`-`Z` and `a`-`z`).
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Lowercase and uppercase characters are equivalent: for example, `"PoTS"` is an anagram of `"sTOp"`, but `"StoP"` is not an anagram of `"sTOp"`.
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The words you need to find should be taken from the candidate words, using the same letter case.
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Given the target `"stone"` and the candidate words `"stone"`, `"tones"`, `"banana"`, `"tons"`, `"notes"`, and `"Seton"`, the anagram words you need to find are `"tones"`, `"notes"`, and `"Seton"`.

‎exercises/practice/anagram/.docs/introduction.md

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# Introduction
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At a garage sale, you find a lovely vintage typewriter at a bargain price!
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Excitedly, you rush home, insert a sheet of paper, and start typing away.
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However, your excitement wanes when you examine the output: all words are garbled!
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For example, it prints "stop" instead of "post" and "least" instead of "stale."
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Carefully, you try again, but now it prints "spot" and "slate."
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After some experimentation, you find there is a random delay before each letter is printed, which messes up the order.
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You now understand why they sold it for so little money!
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You realize this quirk allows you to generate anagrams, which are words formed by rearranging the letters of another word.
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Pleased with your finding, you spend the rest of the day generating hundreds of anagrams.

‎exercises/practice/anagram/.meta/config.json

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{
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"authors": [
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"jimmytty"
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],
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"files": {
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"solution": [
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"anagram.sql"
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],
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"test": [
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"anagram_test.sql"
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],
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"example": [
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".meta/example.sql"
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]
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},
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"blurb": "Given a word and a list of possible anagrams, select the correct sublist.",
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"source": "Inspired by the Extreme Startup game",
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"source_url": "https://github.com/rchatley/extreme_startup"
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}

‎exercises/practice/anagram/.meta/example.sql

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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS tmp;
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CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE tmp AS
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SELECT CAST(word AS TEXT) word FROM (
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SELECT LOWER(subject) word FROM anagram
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UNION
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SELECT LOWER(j.VALUE)
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FROM anagram, JSON_EACH(candidates) j
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);
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ALTER TABLE tmp ADD s TEXT;
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UPDATE tmp
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SET s = (
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WITH RECURSIVE rcte(word,c) AS (
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VALUES(word, '')
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UNION ALL
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SELECT SUBSTR(word, 2), SUBSTR(word, 1, 1)
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FROM rcte
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WHERE LENGTH(word) > 0
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)
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SELECT GROUP_CONCAT(c, '')
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FROM (
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SELECT c
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FROM rcte
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WHERE UNICODE(c) BETWEEN UNICODE('a') AND UNICODE('z')
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ORDER BY c
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)
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);
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UPDATE anagram
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SET result = (
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SELECT JSON_GROUP_ARRAY(candidate)
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FROM (
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SELECT subject, candidate,
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(SELECT s FROM tmp WHERE LOWER(subject) = word) AS a,
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(SELECT s FROM tmp WHERE LOWER(candidate) = word) AS b
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FROM (
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SELECT subject,
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j.VALUE AS candidate
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FROM JSON_EACH(candidates) AS j
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)
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)
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WHERE a = b
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AND LOWER(subject) <> LOWER(candidate)
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);

‎exercises/practice/anagram/.meta/tests.toml

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# This is an auto-generated file.
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#
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# Regenerating this file via `configlet sync` will:
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# - Recreate every `description` key/value pair
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# - Recreate every `reimplements` key/value pair, where they exist in problem-specifications
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# - Remove any `include = true` key/value pair (an omitted `include` key implies inclusion)
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# - Preserve any other key/value pair
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#
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# As user-added comments (using the # character) will be removed when this file
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# is regenerated, comments can be added via a `comment` key.
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[dd40c4d2-3c8b-44e5-992a-f42b393ec373]
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description = "no matches"
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[b3cca662-f50a-489e-ae10-ab8290a09bdc]
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description = "detects two anagrams"
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include = false
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[03eb9bbe-8906-4ea0-84fa-ffe711b52c8b]
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description = "detects two anagrams"
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reimplements = "b3cca662-f50a-489e-ae10-ab8290a09bdc"
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[a27558ee-9ba0-4552-96b1-ecf665b06556]
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description = "does not detect anagram subsets"
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[64cd4584-fc15-4781-b633-3d814c4941a4]
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description = "detects anagram"
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[99c91beb-838f-4ccd-b123-935139917283]
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description = "detects three anagrams"
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[78487770-e258-4e1f-a646-8ece10950d90]
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description = "detects multiple anagrams with different case"
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[1d0ab8aa-362f-49b7-9902-3d0c668d557b]
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description = "does not detect non-anagrams with identical checksum"
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[9e632c0b-c0b1-4804-8cc1-e295dea6d8a8]
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description = "detects anagrams case-insensitively"
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[b248e49f-0905-48d2-9c8d-bd02d8c3e392]
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description = "detects anagrams using case-insensitive subject"
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[f367325c-78ec-411c-be76-e79047f4bd54]
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description = "detects anagrams using case-insensitive possible matches"
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[7cc195ad-e3c7-44ee-9fd2-d3c344806a2c]
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description = "does not detect an anagram if the original word is repeated"
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include = false
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[630abb71-a94e-4715-8395-179ec1df9f91]
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description = "does not detect an anagram if the original word is repeated"
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reimplements = "7cc195ad-e3c7-44ee-9fd2-d3c344806a2c"
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[9878a1c9-d6ea-4235-ae51-3ea2befd6842]
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description = "anagrams must use all letters exactly once"
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[85757361-4535-45fd-ac0e-3810d40debc1]
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description = "words are not anagrams of themselves (case-insensitive)"
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include = false
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[68934ed0-010b-4ef9-857a-20c9012d1ebf]
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description = "words are not anagrams of themselves"
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reimplements = "85757361-4535-45fd-ac0e-3810d40debc1"
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[589384f3-4c8a-4e7d-9edc-51c3e5f0c90e]
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description = "words are not anagrams of themselves even if letter case is partially different"
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reimplements = "85757361-4535-45fd-ac0e-3810d40debc1"
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[ba53e423-7e02-41ee-9ae2-71f91e6d18e6]
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description = "words are not anagrams of themselves even if letter case is completely different"
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reimplements = "85757361-4535-45fd-ac0e-3810d40debc1"
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[a0705568-628c-4b55-9798-82e4acde51ca]
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description = "words other than themselves can be anagrams"
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include = false
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[33d3f67e-fbb9-49d3-a90e-0beb00861da7]
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description = "words other than themselves can be anagrams"
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reimplements = "a0705568-628c-4b55-9798-82e4acde51ca"
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[a6854f66-eec1-4afd-a137-62ef2870c051]
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description = "handles case of greek letters"
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include = false
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[fd3509e5-e3ba-409d-ac3d-a9ac84d13296]
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description = "different characters may have the same bytes"
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include = false

‎exercises/practice/anagram/anagram.sql

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-- Schema: CREATE TABLE anagram (
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-- subject TEXT NOT NULL,
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-- candidates TEXT NOT NULL, -- json array of strings
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-- result TEXT -- json array of strings
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-- );
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-- Task: update the anagram table and set the result based on valid
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-- candidates for the subject field
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-- * the candidates column contains a JSON-encoded list of strings.
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-- * the result column should contain JSON-encoded list of
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-- strings as well.

‎exercises/practice/anagram/anagram_test.sql

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-- Create database:
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.read ./create_fixture.sql
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-- Read user student solution and save any output as markdown in user_output.md:
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.mode markdown
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.output user_output.md
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.read ./anagram.sql
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.output
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-- Create a clean testing environment:
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.read ./create_test_table.sql
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-- Comparison of user input and the tests updates the status for each test:
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UPDATE tests
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SET status = 'pass'
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FROM (SELECT subject, candidates, result FROM anagram) AS actual
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WHERE (actual.subject, actual.candidates, JSON(actual.result)) = (tests.subject, tests.candidates, JSON(tests.expected));
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-- Update message for failed tests to give helpful information:
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UPDATE tests
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SET message = (
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'Result for "'
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|| JSON_OBJECT(
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'subject', tests.subject,
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'candidates', JSON(tests.candidates)
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)
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|| '"'
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|| ' is <' || COALESCE(actual.result, 'NULL')
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|| '> but should be <' || tests.expected || '>'
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)
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FROM (SELECT subject, candidates, result FROM anagram) AS actual
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WHERE (actual.subject, actual.candidates) = (tests.subject, tests.candidates) AND tests.status = 'fail';
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-- Save results to ./output.json (needed by the online test-runner)
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.mode json
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.once './output.json'
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SELECT description, status, message, output, test_code, task_id
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FROM tests;
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-- Display test results in readable form for the student:
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.mode table
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SELECT description, status, message
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FROM tests;

‎exercises/practice/anagram/create_fixture.sql

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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS anagram;
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CREATE TABLE anagram (
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subject TEXT NOT NULL,
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candidates TEXT NOT NULL, -- json array of strings
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result TEXT -- json array of strings
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);
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.mode csv
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.import ./data.csv anagram
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UPDATE anagram SET result = NULL;

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