Enable build caching to optimize Docker image layer reuse

This change introduces build cache mounts for both APT package management and UV commands in the Dockerfile. These updates reduce redundant downloads and improve build performance by leveraging cached data across builds. The new configuration enhances efficiency while maintaining current behavior.

Author: febus982

Dockerfile

@@ -14,10 +14,11 @@ RUN mkdir /venv && chown nonroot:nonroot /venv
 ENV PATH="/venv/bin:$PATH"
 
 # Install necessary runtime libraries (e.g. libmysql)
-RUN apt-get update \
+RUN --mount=type=cache,id=apt-cache,target=/var/cache/apt,sharing=locked  \
+    --mount=type=cache,id=apt-lib,target=/var/lib/apt,sharing=locked \
+    apt-get update \
     && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
-    make \
-    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+    make
 
 FROM base AS base_builder
 ENV UV_PROJECT_ENVIRONMENT=/venv
@@ -26,10 +27,11 @@ ENV UV_COMPILE_BYTECODE=1
 
 # Install build system requirements (gcc, library headers, etc.)
 # for compiled Python requirements like psycopg2
-RUN apt-get update \
+RUN --mount=type=cache,id=apt-cache,target=/var/cache/apt,sharing=locked  \
+    --mount=type=cache,id=apt-lib,target=/var/lib/apt,sharing=locked \
+    apt-get update \
     && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
-    build-essential gcc git \
-    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+    build-essential gcc git
 
 COPY --from=ghcr.io/astral-sh/uv:0.6.3 /uv /uvx /bin/
 
@@ -44,7 +46,7 @@ COPY --chown=nonroot:nonroot Makefile .
 # Dev image, contains all files and dependencies
 FROM base_builder AS dev
 COPY --chown=nonroot:nonroot . .
-RUN --mount=type=cache,target=~/.cache/uv \
+RUN --mount=type=cache,id=uv,target=~/.cache/uv,sharing=locked \
     make dev-dependencies
 
 # Note that opentelemetry doesn't play well together with uvicorn reloader
@@ -53,22 +55,22 @@ CMD ["uvicorn", "http_app:create_app", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "8000", "-
 
 # Installs requirements to run production dramatiq application
 FROM base_builder AS dramatiq_builder
-RUN --mount=type=cache,target=~/.cache/uv \
+RUN --mount=type=cache,id=uv,target=~/.cache/uv,sharing=locked \
     uv sync --no-dev --no-install-project --frozen --no-editable
 
 # Installs requirements to run production http application
 FROM base_builder AS http_builder
-RUN --mount=type=cache,target=~/.cache/uv \
+RUN --mount=type=cache,id=uv,target=~/.cache/uv,sharing=locked \
     uv sync --no-dev --group http --no-install-project --frozen --no-editable
 
 # Installs requirements to run production socketio application
 FROM base_builder AS socketio_builder
-RUN --mount=type=cache,target=~/.cache/uv \
+RUN --mount=type=cache,id=uv,target=~/.cache/uv,sharing=locked \
     uv sync --no-dev --group socketio --no-install-project --frozen --no-editable
 
 # Installs requirements to run production migrations application
 FROM base_builder AS migrations_builder
-RUN --mount=type=cache,target=~/.cache/uv \
+RUN --mount=type=cache,target=~/.cache/uv,sharing=locked \
     uv sync --no-dev --group migrations --no-install-project --frozen --no-editable
 
 # Create the base app with the common python packages