diff --git a/.changeset/thin-sheep-smoke.md b/.changeset/thin-sheep-smoke.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..83af71b0d0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/thin-sheep-smoke.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'@firebase/firestore': patch
+---
+
+Fix: Corrected misleading error message when doc() is called with undefined.
diff --git a/packages/firestore/src/lite-api/reference.ts b/packages/firestore/src/lite-api/reference.ts
index f38dad9a078..e6c5fd7b056 100644
--- a/packages/firestore/src/lite-api/reference.ts
+++ b/packages/firestore/src/lite-api/reference.ts
@@ -651,7 +651,7 @@ export function doc<AppModelType, DbModelType extends DocumentData>(
     ) {
       throw new FirestoreError(
         Code.INVALID_ARGUMENT,
-        'Expected first argument to collection() to be a CollectionReference, ' +
+        'Expected first argument to doc() to be a CollectionReference, ' +
           'a DocumentReference or FirebaseFirestore'
       );
     }
diff --git a/packages/firestore/test/lite/integration.test.ts b/packages/firestore/test/lite/integration.test.ts
index 7fb7eafcb1e..54595ade4d4 100644
--- a/packages/firestore/test/lite/integration.test.ts
+++ b/packages/firestore/test/lite/integration.test.ts
@@ -285,6 +285,12 @@ describe('doc', () => {
 
   it('validates path', () => {
     return withTestDb(db => {
+      expect(() =>
+        // @ts-expect-error
+        doc({}, 'coll/doc')
+      ).to.throw(
+        'Expected first argument to doc() to be a CollectionReference, a DocumentReference or FirebaseFirestore'
+      );
       expect(() => doc(db, 'coll')).to.throw(
         'Invalid document reference. Document references must have an even ' +
           'number of segments, but coll has 1.'