feat: Update default Cloud SQL Postgres version to 17 and add more versions (#9211)

In `src/gcp/cloudsql/cloudsqladmin.ts`, we currently default to postgres 15. This change updates that to default to postgres 17.

This also adds Postgres 16, 17, and 18 to the available `databaseVersion` types in `src/gcp/cloudsql/types.ts` and adds a changelog entry to `CHANGELOG.md`.

Co-authored-by: google-labs-jules[bot] <161369871+google-labs-jules[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Joe Hanley <[email protected]>

Author: google-labs-jules[bot]

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+- CloudSQL instances created with `firebase dataconnect:connect` now default to Postgres 17.
 - Fixed an issue with deploying indexes to Firestore Enterprise edition databases where explicit `__name__` fields could be incorrectly handled.
 - The `experimental:mcp` command has been renamed to `mcp`. The old name is now an alias.
 - `firebase_update_environment` MCP tool supports accepting Gemini in Firebase Terms of Service.

src/gcp/cloudsql/cloudsqladmin.ts

@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ export async function createInstance(args: {
     await client.post<Partial<Instance>, Operation>(`projects/${args.projectId}/instances`, {
       name: args.instanceId,
       region: args.location,
-      databaseVersion: "POSTGRES_15",
+      databaseVersion: "POSTGRES_17",
       settings: {
         tier: "db-f1-micro",
         edition: "ENTERPRISE",

src/gcp/cloudsql/types.ts

@@ -65,6 +65,9 @@ interface InsightsConfig {
 export interface Instance {
   state?: "RUNNABLE" | "SUSPENDED" | "PENDING_DELETE" | "PENDING_CREATE" | "MAINTENANCE" | "FAILED";
   databaseVersion:
+    | "POSTGRES_18"
+    | "POSTGRES_17"
+    | "POSTGRES_16"
     | "POSTGRES_15"
     | "POSTGRES_14"
     | "POSTGRES_13"