core/state: introduce the TransitionState object

Author: gballet

consensus/beacon/consensus.go

@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@ func (beacon *Beacon) FinalizeAndAssemble(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, hea
 			return nil, errors.New("post-state tree is not available")
 		}
 		vktPreTrie, okpre := preTrie.(*trie.VerkleTrie)
-		vktPostTrie, okpost := postTrie.(*trie.VerkleTrie)
+		vktPostTrie, okpost := state.GetTrie().(*trie.VerkleTrie)
 
 		// The witness is only attached iff both parent and current block are
 		// using verkle tree.

core/blockchain.go

@@ -341,13 +341,7 @@ func NewBlockChain(db ethdb.Database, genesis *Genesis, engine consensus.Engine,
 	if cfg == nil {
 		cfg = DefaultConfig()
 	}
-
-	// Open trie database with provided config
-	enableVerkle, err := EnableVerkleAtGenesis(db, genesis)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	triedb := triedb.NewDatabase(db, cfg.triedbConfig(enableVerkle))
+	triedb := triedb.NewDatabase(db, cfg.triedbConfig(genesis.IsVerkle()))
 
 	// Write the supplied genesis to the database if it has not been initialized
 	// yet. The corresponding chain config will be returned, either from the

core/chain_makers.go

@@ -540,8 +540,10 @@ func GenerateVerkleChain(config *params.ChainConfig, parent *types.Block, engine
 		return block, b.receipts
 	}
 
+	sdb := state.NewDatabase(trdb, nil)
+
 	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
-		statedb, err := state.New(parent.Root(), state.NewDatabase(trdb, nil))
+		statedb, err := state.New(parent.Root(), sdb)
 		if err != nil {
 			panic(err)
 		}
@@ -579,6 +581,7 @@ func GenerateVerkleChain(config *params.ChainConfig, parent *types.Block, engine
 
 func GenerateVerkleChainWithGenesis(genesis *Genesis, engine consensus.Engine, n int, gen func(int, *BlockGen)) (common.Hash, ethdb.Database, []*types.Block, []types.Receipts, []*verkle.VerkleProof, []verkle.StateDiff) {
 	db := rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
+	saveVerkleTransitionStatusAtVerlkeGenesis(db)
 	cacheConfig := DefaultConfig().WithStateScheme(rawdb.PathScheme)
 	cacheConfig.SnapshotLimit = 0
 	triedb := triedb.NewDatabase(db, cacheConfig.triedbConfig(true))

core/genesis.go

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ package core
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
+	"encoding/gob"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
@@ -145,6 +146,9 @@ func hashAlloc(ga *types.GenesisAlloc, isVerkle bool) (common.Hash, error) {
 		emptyRoot = types.EmptyVerkleHash
 	}
 	db := rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
+	if isVerkle {
+		saveVerkleTransitionStatusAtVerlkeGenesis(db)
+	}
 	statedb, err := state.New(emptyRoot, state.NewDatabase(triedb.NewDatabase(db, config), nil))
 	if err != nil {
 		return common.Hash{}, err
@@ -276,6 +280,24 @@ func (o *ChainOverrides) apply(cfg *params.ChainConfig) error {
 	return cfg.CheckConfigForkOrder()
 }
 
+// saveVerkleTransitionStatusAtVerlkeGenesis saves a conversion marker
+// representing a converted state, which is used in devnets that activate
+// verkle at genesis.
+func saveVerkleTransitionStatusAtVerlkeGenesis(db ethdb.Database) {
+	saveVerkleTransitionStatus(db, common.Hash{}, &state.TransitionState{Ended: true})
+}
+
+func saveVerkleTransitionStatus(db ethdb.Database, root common.Hash, ts *state.TransitionState) {
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	enc := gob.NewEncoder(&buf)
+	err := enc.Encode(ts)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Error("failed to encode transition state", "err", err)
+		return
+	}
+	rawdb.WriteVerkleTransitionState(db, root, buf.Bytes())
+}
+
 // SetupGenesisBlock writes or updates the genesis block in db.
 // The block that will be used is:
 //
@@ -299,6 +321,11 @@ func SetupGenesisBlockWithOverride(db ethdb.Database, triedb *triedb.Database, g
 	if genesis != nil && genesis.Config == nil {
 		return nil, common.Hash{}, nil, errGenesisNoConfig
 	}
+	// In case of verkle-at-genesis, we need to ensure that the conversion
+	// markers are indicating that the conversion has completed.
+	if genesis != nil && genesis.Config.VerkleTime != nil && *genesis.Config.VerkleTime == genesis.Timestamp {
+		saveVerkleTransitionStatusAtVerlkeGenesis(db)
+	}
 	// Commit the genesis if the database is empty
 	ghash := rawdb.ReadCanonicalHash(db, 0)
 	if (ghash == common.Hash{}) {
@@ -446,7 +473,7 @@ func (g *Genesis) chainConfigOrDefault(ghash common.Hash, stored *params.ChainCo
 // IsVerkle indicates whether the state is already stored in a verkle
 // tree at genesis time.
 func (g *Genesis) IsVerkle() bool {
-	return g.Config.IsVerkleGenesis()
+	return g.Config.VerkleTime != nil && *g.Config.VerkleTime == g.Timestamp
 }
 
 // ToBlock returns the genesis block according to genesis specification.
@@ -550,6 +577,9 @@ func (g *Genesis) Commit(db ethdb.Database, triedb *triedb.Database) (*types.Blo
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
+	if g.IsVerkle() {
+		saveVerkleTransitionStatus(db, block.Root(), &state.TransitionState{Ended: true})
+	}
 	batch := db.NewBatch()
 	rawdb.WriteGenesisStateSpec(batch, block.Hash(), blob)
 	rawdb.WriteBlock(batch, block)
@@ -572,29 +602,6 @@ func (g *Genesis) MustCommit(db ethdb.Database, triedb *triedb.Database) *types.
 	return block
 }
 
-// EnableVerkleAtGenesis indicates whether the verkle fork should be activated
-// at genesis. This is a temporary solution only for verkle devnet testing, where
-// verkle fork is activated at genesis, and the configured activation date has
-// already passed.
-//
-// In production networks (mainnet and public testnets), verkle activation always
-// occurs after the genesis block, making this function irrelevant in those cases.
-func EnableVerkleAtGenesis(db ethdb.Database, genesis *Genesis) (bool, error) {
-	if genesis != nil {
-		if genesis.Config == nil {
-			return false, errGenesisNoConfig
-		}
-		return genesis.Config.EnableVerkleAtGenesis, nil
-	}
-	if ghash := rawdb.ReadCanonicalHash(db, 0); ghash != (common.Hash{}) {
-		chainCfg := rawdb.ReadChainConfig(db, ghash)
-		if chainCfg != nil {
-			return chainCfg.EnableVerkleAtGenesis, nil
-		}
-	}
-	return false, nil
-}
-
 // DefaultGenesisBlock returns the Ethereum main net genesis block.
 func DefaultGenesisBlock() *Genesis {
 	return &Genesis{

core/genesis_test.go

@@ -287,7 +287,6 @@ func TestVerkleGenesisCommit(t *testing.T) {
 		OsakaTime:               &verkleTime,
 		VerkleTime:              &verkleTime,
 		TerminalTotalDifficulty: big.NewInt(0),
-		EnableVerkleAtGenesis:   true,
 		Ethash:                  nil,
 		Clique:                  nil,
 		BlobScheduleConfig: &params.BlobScheduleConfig{
@@ -315,7 +314,7 @@ func TestVerkleGenesisCommit(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	db := rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
-
+	saveVerkleTransitionStatusAtVerlkeGenesis(db)
 	config := *pathdb.Defaults
 	config.NoAsyncFlush = true
 

core/rawdb/accessors_overlay.go

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+// Copyright 2025 The go-ethereum Authors
+// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
+//
+// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+package rawdb
+
+import (
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
+)
+
+func ReadVerkleTransitionState(db ethdb.KeyValueReader, hash common.Hash) ([]byte, error) {
+	return db.Get(transitionStateKey(hash))
+}
+
+func WriteVerkleTransitionState(db ethdb.KeyValueWriter, hash common.Hash, state []byte) error {
+	return db.Put(transitionStateKey(hash), state)
+}

core/rawdb/schema.go

@@ -158,6 +158,9 @@ var (
 	preimageCounter     = metrics.NewRegisteredCounter("db/preimage/total", nil)
 	preimageHitsCounter = metrics.NewRegisteredCounter("db/preimage/hits", nil)
 	preimageMissCounter = metrics.NewRegisteredCounter("db/preimage/miss", nil)
+
+	// Verkle transition information
+	VerkleTransitionStatePrefix = []byte("verkle-transition-state-")
 )
 
 // LegacyTxLookupEntry is the legacy TxLookupEntry definition with some unnecessary
@@ -397,3 +400,8 @@ func storageHistoryIndexBlockKey(addressHash common.Hash, storageHash common.Has
 	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[:], blockID)
 	return append(append(append(StateHistoryStorageBlockPrefix, addressHash.Bytes()...), storageHash.Bytes()...), buf[:]...)
 }
+
+// transitionStateKey = transitionStatusKey + hash
+func transitionStateKey(hash common.Hash) []byte {
+	return append(VerkleTransitionStatePrefix, hash.Bytes()...)
+}