ENH: build free-threading wheels (#562)

Author: benoit9126

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ jobs:
             "macos-13",
             "macos-latest",
           ]
-        python-version: ["3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14"]
+        python-version: ["3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14", "3.14t"]
         include:
           - os: "ubuntu-latest"
             artifact: pyogrio-wheel-linux-manylinux2014_x86_64
@@ -313,15 +313,12 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install dependencies and pyogrio wheel
         shell: bash
         run: |
-          if [ ${{ matrix.python-version }} != "3.14" ]; then
-            uv pip install -r ci/requirements-wheel-test.txt
-          else
-            uv pip install pytest numpy certifi packaging
-          fi
+          uv pip install -r ci/requirements-wheel-test.txt
           uv pip install --no-cache --pre --no-index --find-links wheelhouse pyogrio
-          if [ ${{ matrix.python-version }} != "3.14" ]; then
-            uv pip install --no-deps geopandas
+          if [ ${{ matrix.python-version }} == "3.14t" ]; then
+            uv pip install --pre --upgrade --extra-index-url https://pypi.anaconda.org/scientific-python-nightly-wheels/simple pandas
           fi
+          uv pip install --no-deps geopandas
           uv pip list
 
       - name: Run tests

CHANGES.md

@@ -27,6 +27,9 @@
 -   Add libspatialite to the wheels (#546).
 -   Minimum required Python version is now 3.10 (#557).
 -   Wheels are now available for Python 3.14 (#579).
+-   Initial support for free-threaded Python builds, with the extension module
+    declaring free-threaded support and wheels for Python 3.13t and 3.14t being
+    built (#562).
 
 ## 0.11.1 (2025-08-02)
 

pyproject.toml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 [build-system]
 requires = [
     "setuptools",
-    "Cython>=0.29",
+    "Cython>=3.1",
     "versioneer[toml]==0.28",
     # tomli is used by versioneer
     "tomli; python_version < '3.11'",
@@ -26,12 +26,13 @@ classifiers = [
     "Operating System :: OS Independent",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3",
     "Topic :: Scientific/Engineering :: GIS",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: Free Threading :: 2 - Beta",
 ]
 requires-python = ">=3.10"
 dependencies = ["certifi", "numpy", "packaging"]
 
 [project.optional-dependencies]
-dev = ["cython"]
+dev = ["cython>=3.1"]
 test = ["pytest", "pytest-cov"]
 benchmark = ["pytest-benchmark"]
 geopandas = ["geopandas"]
@@ -41,11 +42,12 @@ Home = "https://pyogrio.readthedocs.io/"
 Repository = "https://github.com/geopandas/pyogrio"
 
 [tool.cibuildwheel]
-skip = ["*musllinux*", "cp31?t-*"]
+skip = ["*musllinux*"]
 archs = ["auto64"]
 manylinux-x86_64-image = "manylinux-x86_64-vcpkg-gdal:latest"
 manylinux-aarch64-image = "manylinux-aarch64-vcpkg-gdal:latest"
 build-verbosity = 3
+enable = ["cpython-freethreading"]
 
 [tool.cibuildwheel.linux.environment]
 VCPKG_INSTALL = "$VCPKG_INSTALLATION_ROOT/installed/$VCPKG_DEFAULT_TRIPLET"

setup.py

@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ def get_gdal_config():
             Extension("pyogrio._ogr", ["pyogrio/_ogr.pyx"], **ext_options),
             Extension("pyogrio._vsi", ["pyogrio/_vsi.pyx"], **ext_options),
         ],
-        compiler_directives={"language_level": "3"},
+        compiler_directives={"language_level": "3", "freethreading_compatible": True},
         compile_time_env=compile_time_env,
     )