v/CHANGELOG.md at master · get200/v

V 0.4.12

19 Sep 2025

Improvements in the language

json2: replace encoder with a new implementation. It's 70% faster than the old json2, and 110% faster than json that is based on cJSON (#25224)
Virtual C consts with custom types (const C.MY_CONST u8)
Support -div-by-zero-is-zero, which allows for x / 0 == 0 and x % 0 == x, avoiding division by zero traps/panics (#24981)
Limit -div-by-zero-is-zero influence to just the integer types (for f32 and f64, / produces a +inf or -inf value, and the program continues to run)
VLS mode for the language server in pure V
Add support for @OS, @CCOMPILER @BACKEND and @PLATFORM (#25174)

Breaking changes

Deprecate gx and replace all occurences with gg (which now contains all the functionality of gx) (#24966)

Checker improvements/fixes

Fix sizeof(T) usage in generic struct (fix #24806) (#24808)
Add $if sizeof(T) == int_literal { support (#24831)
Improve virtual C consts
Markused,checker: fix hello world size after the introduction of builtin.closure in 2d87ac4 (#24989)
Remove dump() dependency from ComptimeFor (#25000)
Cleanup - remove unused c.using_new_err_struct (#25036)
Cleanup err removal (#25043)
Add comptime support for s390x, ppc64le and loongarch64 platforms (#25048)
Allow for v -is_o -o x mm.v, where mm.v starts with module abc (i.e. not just module main)
Fix calls with result propagation, using other consts, in const declaration expressions (fix #21609) (#25060)
Fix array init with interface (fix #24255) (#25073)
Fix missing map float key duplicated checking (fix #25098) (#25117)
Fix missing check for struct generic init from call (fix #25084) (#25119)
Fix missing check for empty array to generic param (fix #25056) (#25118)
Rewrite comptime_if_cond() to support comptime if cond evaluate (fix #24938) (fix #25099) (#25122)
Add error for struct not init (fix #24893) (#25134)
Fix sql insert expr propagate result (fix #24833) (#25136)
Fix checking return type call disregarding unwrapping (fix #25140) (#25143)
Ensure the defer behavior matches that of cgen (fix #25148) (#25146)
Nil check for c.table.cur_fn in gen_branch_context_string() (fix #25170) (#25171)
Relax the "unreachable code after a @[noreturn] call" error to a warning to reduce prototyping friction (#25173)
Fix multi return arg passing checking (fix #25167) (fix #25180) (#25177)
Use keywords matcher trie for imported symbol presence checks, instead of x in p.imported_symbol (#25201)
Fix iteration over mutable option (fix #24860) (#25199)
Add T.typ and T.unaliased_typ checking to $match (fix #25200) (#25202)
Add more checks for map.delete (fix #25204) (#25205)
Fix static init var (fix #25203) (#25209)
Add top level comptime support for $match @OS { too (#25222)
Comptime match only eval true branch (fix #25223) (#25225)
Fix multi return var passing to fn arg (potential fix for #24870) (#25250)
Prevent usage of imported module name prefix as identifier names, to avoid cgen collisions (#25280)
Disallow duplicate export names (fix #25301) (#25302)
Reduce the verboseness of unsupported size ... for global messages, for v -b native examples/hello_world.v

Parser improvements

Split parser methods to files based on topic (#24786)
Fix arch loongarch64 comptime support (fix #24906) (#24907)
Fix const error
pref,parser: implement support for -force-bounds-checking to enable easier testing of functions tagged with @[direct_array_access] (essentially turning off that flag)
Allow keyword as struct param key on fn call (fix #24957) (#24958)
Fix syntax error for for c in [othermod.Struct{field: 255}] { (fix #24943) (#24978)
Reduce calls to util.contains_capital
Fix overriding of fn names in -translated mode (fix #25024) (#25061)
Fix asm modifier parsing (allow for =r, =&r, +r, +&r,=m,=rm,=@ccl, =*r) (fix #25070) (#25072)
Allow using aliased types in interface method implementations (provide backwards compatibility to ui, during the migration of code from gx to gg) (#25106)
Fix interface method declaration with fixed array return type (fix #25137) (#25145)
Prepare for eliminating a warning for v -cross -o vc/v.c cmd/v (part 1) (reduce CI annotation noise)
Add duplicate import symbol detect (fix #25185) (#25187)
vfmt,parser: move mark used from vfmt to parser (#25190)
v.ast: add a mod field to ast.FnTypeDecl too

Compiler internals

scanner: fix multi-level string interpolation in if/match branch (#24805)
markused: fix mark for array init from sumtype (fix #24887) (#24889)
markused: whitelist _option_none too (fix #24862) (#24885)
markused: remove @[markused] from option and result fns (#24900)
markused: skip unused symbols, dump fns and generic specialization (fix #24921) (fix #24927) (#24924)
parser,markused: support @[markused] for interface declarations too (#24963)
markused: fix interface fields and chan usage (fix #24961) (#24962)
v.builder: add a clearer error message for v -shared run empty.v (issue found by Felipe Pena)
markused: use eprintln for PANIC DEPS too (for consistency and easier redirection for the whole trace)
v.util: add support for setting VUTIL_RETRY_MAX_COUNT=1 to ease the workflow for developing backends
markused: improve the tracking of used closures (#25009)
markused: improve array resources tracking + remove all_fns loop for orm (#25007)
markused: fix generic map index (fix #25012) (#25022)
markused: improve array tracking (range, gated) (#25023)
markused: fix option tracking on sumtype (fix #25025) (#25028)
markused: fix thread type mark by go/spawn expr (fix #25049) (#25054)
scanner: refactor string interpolation (fix #24198) (#25053)
markused: fix array append c code dependency (fix #25057) (#25058)
markused: fix option array element (fix #23089) (#25179)
markused: fix option map value (fix #25186) (#25188)
parser,fmt,markused: add top level comptime $if support (enable $if platform { import module struct Abc {} }) (#25216)
v.builder: add -DNO_DEBUGGING in addition to -DNDEBUG, when compiling with -prod
v.builder: support -d trace_type_symbols_after_checker
scanner: uncomment working rune test (#25305)
v.util: fix handling of "start \u005c${...} end" in cgen (fix #25304) (#25306)
markused: fix marking of mutable generic method calls (fix #25312) (#25314)

Standard library

x.crypto: initial addition of curve25519 module (#24748)
thirdparty: add NDEBUG check before glGetErrorCode if-statement in sokol_gfx.h (#24754)
math.big: remove unnecessary code from / and % (the same is done in div_mod, which they call) (#24766)
builtin: add a rune iterator method to strings, allowing for for i, r in s.runes_iterator() { without first allocating an array for all the runes (#24769)
builtin: support -d builtin_free_nop to help diagnose problems with too early manual free() calls
builtin: use s.runes_iterator() in trim_runes/2 to avoid needless allocation
builtin: add string.expand_tabs() (#24781)
os: do not resolve symlinks in os.find_abs_path_of_executable/1 (fix #24759) (#24761)
os: improve documentation (#24790)
gg: allow for -d gg_memory_trace_frame to be used in combination with -prealloc -d prealloc_dump
sync: add SpinLock (#24788)
os: fix documentation for environ function (#24796)
sync: fix documentation for new_spin_lock function (#24795)
sync: add implementation for WaitGroup.go/1, add test (#24797)
sync: improve documentation (#24799)
sync: fix spin lock, add destroy() and try_lock(), add valgrind annotate support (#24798)
os: add os.write_bytes/2 as a complement to os.read_bytes/1, add test
sync: use SpinLock for channel (fix #24680) (#24802)
crypto: fix ambiguous expressions in DES implementation (#24814)
sync: use an atomic counter in test_waitgroup_go in waitgroup_test.v
datatypes: add lockfree version of counter and ringbuffer (#24839)
sync: add thread local storage (TLS) support (#24849)
math.unsigned: fix rotate_left() for uint256, add test (#24872)
math.unsigned: replace untested comments for uint256 public APIs (#24873)
log: use @[noinline] for level_from_tag/1 and target_from_label/1 to avoid triggering panics for programs using log, compiled with -prod and -cc gcc>10 (fix #24874)
math.big: fix toom-cook 3-way multiplication (#24888)
runtime: add used_memory() (#24897)
runtime: add note for the availability of the used_memory implementation (#24913)
os: remove commented code in home_dir() function (#24929)
math.big: fix the order of calculations in mod_pow() to improve performance (#24935)
math.big: add shrink zeros to karatsuba and toom-cook (#24937)
math.big: fix big_mod_pow() (#24939)
os,runtime: move some C struct and fn def to builtin (#24942)
math.big: fix validate_string and integer_from_regular_string (check for characters.len > 0, before accessing characters[0])
builtin: prepare for adding a -force-bounds-checking option
strconv: fix bounds check bug, discovered by the equivalent of ./v -g -force-bounds-checking test vlib/toml/ (thanks to tankf33der)
builtin: fix OOB bugs in s.is_bin, s.is_oct, s.is_hex, discovered through ./v -force-bounds-checking test vlib/builtin/
regex: fix OOB bug discovered through ./v -g -force-bounds-checking vlib/regex/ (fix by @penguindark) (#24960)
time: fix custom_format panic (fix #24977) (#24987)
time: fix more panics in the supported specifiers in Time.custom_format/1 (#24988)
vlib: add archive.tar module to enable reading of .tar ang .tar.gz files (#24995)
builtin: fix warnings for ./v doc -m -f html vlib/builtin/
sokol.gfx: set the missed array_count field too in the set_vert_uniform and set_frag_uniform APIs (#25019)
builtin: fix assert "ä ö å æ ã ø ô é ë".title() == "Ä Ö Å Æ Ã Ø Ô É Ë" (fix #25017) (#25026)
Apply @[markused] to builtin_init, remove its heuristic from markused.v
gg: improve drawing effect and logic of draw_rounded_rect_empty (#25062)
math.bits: add asm implementations for some 64 bit ops (#25020)
vls: autocomplete for module functions: e.g. os. ...
math.big: move from u32 to u60 digits (#25018)
os: simplify file.c.v using cross platform f.seek/2 calls, add EINTR handling to f.write_full_buffer/2 (fix #25107) (#25110)
builtin: add arr.pop_left() func (#25133)
math.big: refactor add_digit_array() (#25138)
math.big: optimize add_digit_array() (#25139)
math.big: optimize subtract_digit_array() (#25142)
strconv: produce a maximum of 8 digits after the . for f32.str() (fix #25141) (#25144)
math.big: restore and refactor str() and integer_from_string() (#25154)
os: remove unknown host OS panic from os.get_host_os()
flag: fix tail/single bool flag error condition logic in flag_to.v (fix #25166) (#25172)
flag: improve the fix for #25166 tail/single bool flag error in flag_to.v (#25189)
readline: fix wide char display width for Chinese characters (fix #25219) (#25220)
repl: fix handling of lines with comments like math.pi // comment (fix #25229)
time: always return utc() timezone for Time.unix/0 (fix #17784) (#25233)
builtin: fix C prefix for proc_pidpath() (#25239)
math.big: replace division with Knuth, improve performance (#25242)
time: move the nanosecond comparison before the rest in the Time == Time implementation
builtin: add a temporary ctovstring_impl/1 API to enable ui to compile cleanly for PR#25264, part 1
json2: replace encoder with new implementation (#25224)
json2: improve enum decoding; fix handling of required fields at the end of a json string (#25289)
json2: improve checker with better EOF detection (#25075)
json2: prepare for moving into json2 (#25039)
json2: fix remaining json2 discrepancies (#25029)
json2: support custom decoders (#25021)
json2: fix number decoding and improve errors (#25015)
json2: add support for decoding utf-16 surrogates, produced by some JSON encoder implementations (Python, Java, C#) (#25193)
x.crypto: add a new ascon cryptographic module, based on https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-232 (Lightweight Cryptography Standards for Constrained Devices) (#25260)
x.crypto.ascon: improve the core of Ascon permutation routine (#25278)
x.crypto.ascon: improve single-shot functions of ascon hashing variant; add benchmark (#25282)
x.crypto.chacha20: improves the internals of chacha20, add a bench (#25311)

V interpreter

Add comptime-if support (#24919)
Reset return value after const eval and fix if-expr (#24955)
Add more infix op support; fix early func return (#24965)
Fix if-else; add infix op; fix func calls (#24972)

Web

picoev: fix documentation (#24811)
veb: fix app.text() -> ctx.text() in README.md
net.http: fix panic in parse_multipart_form for invalid boundary (fix #24974) (#24976)
net.http: remove debug println statement from post_multipart_form (#25030)
net.http: reduce the false positives on the CI for server_test.v, let test_host_header_sent_to_server return early, when the server can not start
net: improve tracing output for -d trace_tcp; move error_code() calls right after the corresponding C APIs (errno is a global that should be read immediately to be valid)
veb: fix a spurious error with Chromium, for POST requests, split into 2 parts, 1st with only http headers, without body (fix #25191) (#25195)
net.http: Use a full url when using a proxy, instead of only the path (#25228)
net.http.file: allow for serving requests to static files with cache busting suffixes like /dist/littlejs.js?1117
veb: fix generic field access from alias (fix #25215) (#25246)
ci: change url to http://archive.ubuntu.com in .github/workflows/disable_azure_mirror.sh

ORM

Support lowercase operators like, in, not in etc (fix #25032) (#25035)
Fix sub_structs (fix #25104) (#25105)

Database drivers

db: modify mysql/pg/sqlite interface for pool working (#24780)
db.sqlite: fix get_text trimming data after (including) first 0 character (#25040)

Native backend

Add comptime cpu archs support (#24956)
Add support for (elf) globals (#25016)
Improve consts, support more assigns (#25277)
Structs multi_assign and multi_return (#25281)
Support more assign ops, reduce code duplication (#25283)
Begin array support, a := []Type{len: x, cap: y} and a[i] read/write (#25299)

C backend

Only run freestanding_module_import on amd64 (#24763)
Fix sumtype option unwrapping (fix #24746) (#24770)
Protect against unlimited recursion in type_default_impl, by converting to a verror/1 call instead
Fix static and volatile var deref (fix #24778) (fix #24779) (#24807)
Fix codegen for interface method closure get (fix #24810) (#24818)
Fix codegen for multi return assignment with option type (fix #24812) (#24817)
Fix if codegen when func parameter is option type (fix #24813) (#24816)
Skip struct none { in cgen, if none is not used by V code reachable from fn main() { (#24824)
Skip struct map { and related type declarations, when no V maps are used (#24826)
Fix anon struct encode (fix #24836) (#24852)
Fix json decode option alias (fix #24843) (#24853)
Fix const indexexpr dep (fix #24850) (#24851)
Fix codegen for generic interface with multi return generic type (fix #24838) (#24858)
Fix anon struct init passing (fix #24879) (#24884)
Allow alias to map type Dict = map[string]string (fix #24878) (#24883)
Builtin,cgen,markused: add struct @[aligned] support for structs allocated on the heap too (#24886)
Add a __closure_init call for sokol/gg programs on android as well (#24892)
Allow alias types to be iterated if parent type has next method (fix #24890) (#24894)
Use alias next method if defined in for x in iterator { (#24905)
Fix const fixed array with type alias (fix #24936) (#24946)
Fix callback codegen on generic struct resolution (fix #24947) (#24948)
Move sort fn after interface definitions(fix #24465) (#24967)
Fix struct field init within fn without result type (fix #24970) (#24973)
Move closure C code to V code under vlib/builtin/closure/ (#24912)
Parser,ast,checker,cgen: use enum comparisons instead of string ones on ast.ComptimeCall.method_name (#25003)
Fix generic key's type with in operation (fix #24983) (#25011)
Remove unused enum declarations too (#25033)
Parser,checker,cgen: remove unused err declaration or or { } blocks (#25034)
Add a test for builtin_init being present (part 2 of 4a6941a)
Fix closures on s390x, ppc64le, loongarch64 platforms, add test to s390x CI (#25047)
Fix anon fn checking adding unresolved generic type on codegen (fix #25050) (#25055)
Fix building on Termux after fa904c4
Use #if defined __BIONIC_AVAILABILITY_GUARD && ... to be compatible with more Termux versions
Fix asm stmt separators (#25067)
Fix translated file fixed-array assignment (#25080)
Fix codegen for passing int from selector to voidptr expect arg (fix #25081) (#25083)
Fix codegen for option void fn return block unwrap (fix #25074) (#25082)
Fix alias to sumtype cast initialization (fix #25086) (#25091)
Allow alias sumtype smartcasting (fix #25085) (#25096)
Fix codegen for generic struct field array option (fix #25093) (#25097)
Fix mutable sumtype (fix #25108) (#25111)
Fix generic return assign to ComptimeSelector (fix #25125) (#25131)
Fix address of call with cast(&(arr.last() as Type)) (fix #23528) (#25132)
Fix eq for anon C structs (#25152)
Fix generated str method for enums that have C values (use ifs, instead of switch) (fix #25135) (#25157)
Fix autofree with option array (fix #25124) (#25149)
Fix assigning fn address (fix #24537) (#25158)
Fix veb alias type identification and generic CastExpr (fix #24895) (#25155)
Revert "checker,cgen: evaluate comptime $if results in checker only (fix #25123) (fix #25156) (#25150)"
Evaluate comptime if results in checker only (with fixed -cross compilation) (#25162)
Fix generic_fn_name generating incorrect names for C structs (#25164)
Add comptime match support (#25165)
Fix resolving generic interface field from generic struct (fix #23556) (#25182)
Fix autofree used vars on return (fix #25196) (#25198)
Fix hash stmt code generation (fix #25184) (#25207)
Expose is_embed in FieldData (#25232)
Fix alias enum used in comptime $for (fix #25211) (#25212)
Ensure variable names do not conflict with builtin methods (fix #25063) (#25178)"
Add @[reused] attribute to mark methods, reusing the receiver memory on return (needed for autofree) (fix #25221) (#25235)
Fix gen_struct_equality_fn null pointer crash (fix #25237) (#25231)
Allow generic alias enum comptime (fix #25249) (#25251)
Fix big IntegerLiteral LL postfix (fix #25269) (#25275)
Prefix builtin APIs with builtin__ (#25264)
Fix fixed-array const initializer (fix #25291) (#25293)
Fix generic cast to sumtype of empty struct (fix #25263) (#25290)
Fix option variadic arg passing (fix #25261) (#25273)
Support for 64bit int 1 (#25236)
Cgen,parser,markused: add export const support (fix #25300) (#25303)
Fix i64 enum as a map key, when the enum values are too small (fix #25294) (#25310)

JavaScript backend

Simplify comptime if; catch up with cgen (fix #25295) (#25313)

vfmt

Fix if x := g() { x } else { return } adding newline after return (fix #24908) (#24945)
Fix eating the attribute from @[deprecated] pub type Alias = int (fix #24968), workaround -usecache bug (#24969)
Fix call expr with single line comment in or expr (fix #24659) (#25159)
Fix comment line number in file with crlf line separator (fix #23524) (#25163)
Add support for 64bit int with -new_int (part 2) (#25298)

Tools

v.vmod,tools: support a repo_branch property in v.mod files, in addition to the existing repo_url property, to allow for backlinks to repos that use main instead of master as their core branch
Make the output of v should-compile-all more immediately useful in CI jobs (turn off stdout buffering)
Add support for // vtest vflags: -w in _test.v files, to allow v -W test . later, for files, that have known warnings
ci: make sure the generator for vlang/docs can be compiled with latest V (prevent silent doc update stops, after breaking changes)
Add cmd/tools/gg_split_memdump_to_frames.vsh to ease working with memdump.bin files generated by gg programs (split by frames)
Add find_doc_comments_with_no_dots.v
Improve summary output of find_doc_comments_with_no_dots.v
Skip _test.v and _test.c.v files in find_doc_comments_with_no_dots.v
ci: add report-missing-dots-in-doc-comments job
ci: mark tcp_test.v and unix_socket_test.v as flaky (they still fail sporadically on the CI, although very rarely now)
ci: add -prealloc self compilation checks on more platforms (#24891)
docs,ci: check more vlib modules in the report-missing-dots-in-doc-comments job (#24928)
ci: add a watchdog timer thread to ringbuffer_test.v, to make sure the program exits in a reasonable time (~10s). Let the test be retried 2 times in a row if it fails.
ci: bump cross-platform-actions/action from 0.28.0 to 0.29.0 (#24952)
ci: retry session_app_test.v 2 times, since it is network dependent, and sometimes (rarely) fails
v.help: document the new -force-bounds-checking option
Improve alignment for v repeat "program" "program_that_is_over_10x_faster"
ci: add checks for compilation of vlang/gui to v_apps_and_modules_compile_ci.yml
ci: retry 2 times vlib/net/http/server_test.v to avoid false positives for unrelated commits/PRs
ci: force changes to vlib/x/json2 to trigger the full sanitized checks (the implementation there uses unsafe blocks and vmemcmp/3...)
ci: workaround -usecache issue afte 2d87ac4
ci: add a performance-compare-with-master job
Fix return"" in vdoc html output (fix #24979)
ci,tools: implement support for VREPEAT_SILENT=1 and v repeat -S, to only show the summary of the runs, without the progress lines
ci: fix the performance-compare-with-master job, when run on PRs (#25014)
ci: trigger updates to the module docs, even if just only the static files for the doc generator are changed
ci: make sure to always compare with the latest commit on the main V repo's master branch, when running .github/workflows/compare_pr_to_master.v
ci: compare the sizes of small programs like hello_world.v, but generated with -cc gcc too
ci: improve the alignment of the results of file size comparisons in compare_pr_to_master.v
Improve the output of ./v doc -m -f html vlib/
Use Copying instead of Generating for the static resources in ./v doc -m -f html vlib/
ci: bump actions/download-artifact from 4 to 5 (#25051)
v.help: document the -is_o option (in v help build-c) and add a test for it (#25052)
ci: add experimental support for building V and testing on a Termux docker container (#25059)
ci: use retry.sh for the pkg install in termux_ci.yml to reduce false positives.
ci: update vlang/gui commit its latest e5cc33fe816fef33d718cb1b91f66d6bd38fb4a4
ci: bump actions/checkout from 4 to 5 (#25095)
ci: retry 3 times vdoc_file_test.v
ci: add a build_on_ubuntu_25_ci.yml script, for testing bootstrapping with GCC 14.2.0 (#25109)
ci: define TERMUX_VERSION in .github/workflows/termux_ci.yml instead of using -os termux, to make the emulation closer to a real Termux (#25128)
ci: reduce timeout-minutes for CI jobs that are normally fast to help detect anomalies earlier (#25129)
ci: add a disable_azure_mirror.sh script, and use it before apt update to reduce the recent timeouts during installing dependencies (#25147)
ci: bump timeout-minutes to 15 in termux_ci.yml
ci: bump actions/setup-java from 4 to 5 (#25153)
ci: retry vlib/v/eval/interpret_test.v 2 times
ci: bump retry time from 10 to 15 minutes (reduce false positives for slow dependency installations on the CI)
ci: change the azure mirror URL in /etc/apt/sources.list too
ci: use awalsh128/cache-apt-pkgs-action@v1.5.3 instead of a manual apt update/apt install step, to leverage caching more (#25256)
ci: check if awalsh128/cache-apt-pkgs-action@v1.5.3 works on master (#25257)
ci: extract .github/actions/cache-apt-packages-action/action.yml, use it in puzzle_vibes_ci.yml

Operating System support

docs: add section in README for compilation on OpenBSD (#24775)
crypto.ecdsa: add support for OpenSSL on OpenBSD (#24772)
picoev: add implementation for OpenBSD using kqueue (#24801)
log: fix Unhandled Exception on windows 7 (#24803)
ci: migrate the remaining jobs from the deprecated windows-2019 image to windows-2022 (#24825)
os: fix windows get_error_msg() leak (#24899)
runtime: reduce allocations done in runtime.used_memory/0 on linux (#24901)
ci: skip checking vlib/datatypes/lockfree/ringbuffer_test.v on the gcc-windows job for now
runtime: add used_memory() implementation for FreeBSD (#24909)
runtime: add used_memory implementation for OpenBSD (#24918)
ci: skip ringbuffer_test.v in the tcc-windows and msvc-windows jobs too, to avoid flakyness for unrelated commits/PRs.
ci: use FreeBSD version 14.3 after the bump of cross-platform-actions/action to 0.29.0 (#24953)
time: fix timezone test on windows
ci: add a release build for Linux on arm64 to release_ci.yml (#25064)
thirdparty: add thirdparty-linux-armv7_bdwgc.sh for building libgc.a on ARMv7 CPUs (#25077)
ci: bump retry count for server_test.v to 5 (reduce false positives on windows)
ci: use v build-tools without flags for the tools-windows job
os: eliminate warning for v -cross -o vc/v.c cmd/v on linux (part 2, see also 037a3b4)
os,sync: enable running v -cross -o x.c cmd/v on windows too (part 1, fix V errors)
ci: run .github/workflows/disable_azure_mirror.sh before all apt update commands, in ci/linux_ci.vsh, when run in a github CI runner
ci: retry 3 times cmd/tools/vtimeout_test.v on windows, before failing
os,ci: use a conditional include, instead of a platform file, to include libproc.h on macos only
ci: run input_rune_iterator_test.v only on linux for now
builtin: fix thread naming issue on Windows by ignoring RaiseException (0x406D1388) (#25270)

Examples

Fix for v build-tools and v build-examples running on a i686 (the problem was discovered by @tankf33der)
Add examples/sokol/sounds/simple_keyboard_synth.v
builtin,markused: consider println of non string to use .str() method calls too, reduce generated C code for v -cc gcc examples/hello_world.v (#24996)
Use a sieve of Eratosthenes in primes.v, to handle bigger inputs more efficiently
vdoc: make -run-examples compatible with all output modes, not just the plaintext one
vdoc: extract vdoc_run_examples_test.v from vdoc_file_test.v
vdoc: implement -unsafe-run-examples and -check-examples support, add tests and document them
builtin,vdoc: fix the examples for the builtin methods, so that v doc -check-examples -time -f ansi vlib/builtin/ pass
builtin,vdoc: make v doc -unsafe-run-examples -time -f ansi vlib/builtin/ pass too
vdoc: improve failed example report
vdoc: support v doc -check-examples -f none vlib/builtin
bitfield: fix v doc -unsafe-run-examples -f none vlib/bitfield/ too
arrays.parallel: fix v doc -unsafe-run-examples -f none vlib/arrays/parallel/ too
arrays: fix v doc -unsafe-run-examples -f none vlib/arrays/ too
compress.deflate,compress.gzip,compress.zlib,compress.zstd: fix v doc -unsafe-run-examples -f none vlib/compress/ too
sokol.audio: fix doc comment examples
encoding.base64: fix doc comment examples
math: fix doc comment examples
readline: fix doc comment example by removing it
semver: fix doc comment examples
vdoc: enable example lines that have explicit imports too, fixup the remaining vlib examples, so v doc -v -unsafe-run-examples -f none vlib/ could be added to the CI
Add euler.v
examples,gg: add examples/gg/grid_of_rectangles.v; add gg.Context.draw_rect_filled_no_context/5 and gg.Context.draw_rect_empty_no_context/5
veb.auth: update the README.md example (#25245)
builtin: fix v -W -Wimpure-v examples/hello_world.v (move ctovstring_impl to builtin.c.v)
Fix rune casting from u32 in rune.v (#25307)

V 0.4.11

19 Jun 2025

Improvements in the language

Support a new CPU architecture s390x (#24107)
Add initial support for ppc64le (#24287)
Add initial support for loongarch64 (#24343)
Support js"string literal" for JavaScript strings (#24653)
VLS mode in the parser for the new language server in pure V

Breaking changes

Remove deprecations made before 2024-11-06
Add a deprecation note for any arg, prevent any from being used as map key,value or array type (#24277)

Checker improvements/fixes

Fix chan element type validation with inexistent type (fix #23978) (#24008)
Do not allow auto (de)reference in PrefixExpr *
Fix check for pushing on an unwrapped option array (fix #24073) (#24093)
Fix wrong type hint on predicate arg type mismatch (fix #24122) (#24123)
Fix array generic return checking (fix #24104) (#24214)
Fix stack var outside usage when var is a mutable param (#24249)
Fix codegen for multi return with array fixed (fix #24280) (#24282)
Check anon struct field valid case (partial fix of #24284) (#24286)
Add check for recursive array init on struct (fix #21195) (#24278)
Fix inherited var turning in auto heap (fix #24306) (#24312)
Remove redundant callexpr c.expr(mut node.left) rechecks for ast.CallExpr (fix #24353) (#24380)
Do not allow &u8(0), force nil like we do with &Type(0)
Relax the new warning, allow for pub const pname = &char(C.SDL_POINTER) to fix the clean compilation of code using vlang/sdl3
Fix for with mut generic value (fix #24360) (#24426)
Add check for decomposing to interface (fix #24441) (#24453)
Fix generic option array arg passing to []T (fix #24423) (#24457)
Fix resolver for returning struct generic (fix #24493) (#24506)
Reallow passing closures as voidptr parameters with no warning, to enable convenient interfacing with C libs
Disallow invalid expr for filter, count, any, all (fix #24508) (#24540)
Replace warning by notice for UTF8 strings validation (fix #24538) (#24543)
Revise logic for reporting import conflicts with module names (#24539)
Fix struct update expr checking, when an alias is used (fix #24581) (#24582)
Fix fn var resolver (fix #24525) (#24542)
Fix checking for int to array of interface (fix #24624) (#24625)
Cycle through all ast.ParExpr first in prefix_expr (fix #24584) (#24588)
Move arr << logic to check_append()
Fix mutable const bug (fix #14916)
Allow for calling main() inside _test.v files
Fix missing type bounding to match expr on or{} expr (fix #24656) (#24658)
Add error for if mut x != none {, when x is an immutable option (fix #24692) (#24694)
Fix compound selector smartcasting/option unwrapping (fix #24662) (#24712)
Fix mutable option (fix #18818) (fix #24622) (fix #24101) (#19100)

Parser improvements

Fix parse_cflag() support other flags between allowed_flags (fix #24121) (#24146)
Minimise allocations done for the common case in find_struct_field
Fix orm generic struct table type parsing (fix #24049) (#24149)
Fix mutiple imports at one line (#24241)
Fix range expr precedence on compound logical and operator (fix #24252) (#24275)
Fix invalid field name checking (fix #24279) (#24283)
Fix wrong string parsing (fix #24297) (#24298)
Fix panic for struct Abc { pub mut: } (fix #24404) (#24403)
Allow mut static counter := 0 inside unsafe {} blocks (prepare for removing a -translated mode quirk)
Fix duplicate mod imports (fix #24552) (#24559)
Reduce memory usage of ast.ScopeObject and ast.Ident instances (#24704)

Comptime

comptime: support type interpolation in the msg argument of $compile_warn(msg) and $compile_error(msg) (#24992)
comptime: fix $match with fn type (#25271)
Support $if T is $pointer { and $if T is $voidptr {, to make it easier to implement a pure V dump(), without cgen specific code (#24628)
i32 is now $int too (fix #24346) (#24378)
Fix $dbg with @[heap] structs (fix #23979) (#23989)
Check invalid comptime field name assignment (fix #24415) (#24421)
Enable s390x + docs (#24114)

Compiler internals

Remove closure usage from the compiler frontend (simplify bootstrapping/porting on more exotic platforms)
markused: support orm or expr (fix #24040) (#24059)
markused: fix for gated index range on string (fix #24187) (#24200)
v.util.version: fix output for V full version when VCURRENTHASH not defined (#24264)
markused: fix generic method call mark (fix #24395) (#24399)
v.pref: add get_build_facts_and_defines/0 and set_build_flags_and_defines/2
v.util.version: fix output for V full version (followup on issue #24263 and PR #24264) (#24478)
v.util: use internal diff (#24495)
v.pref: prevent overriding backend (fix #21758) (#24526)
markused: fix for generic ptr receiver on method call (fix #24555) (#24558)
markused: fix x := t.wait(), when t := go fn () string { (fix #24577) (#24580)
markused: fix printing smartcasted interface values (fix #24579) (#24583)
pref: avoid changing the backend with .js.v when -backend has already been used (fix #7840) (#24654)
Remove dump() calls inside the compiler itself (make bootstrapping of dump() implemented before cgen easier)

Standard library

builtin: string.index_after() ?int
cli: account for initial indent on subcommands (#23985)
Remove strings.Builder.clear(), fix array.clear() not working in the JS backend (#23992)
gg: make draw_rect_empty/5 draw more exact borders, independent of the device, and fitting the draw_rect_filled/5 shapes (#24024)
sync: fix a helgrind false positive, for a data race, on PoolProcessor (#24023)
sync.pool: restore the parallel operation (surrounding the cb call in process_in_thread in a lock in 1b52538, effectively disabled parallelism)
x.crypto.chacha20: change internal cipher to support a 64 bit counter (related to #23904) (#24039)
os: fix swap_bytes_u64 (#24033)
x.crypto.chacha20: fix xor_key_stream failing after a while (fix #24043) (#24046)
crypto.sha3: be big-endian friendly (#24045)
x.crypto.chacha20: makes the underlying cipher routine aware of the 64-bit counter (#24050)
x.crypto.chacha20: enable support for 64-bit counter (fix #23904) (#24053)
x.crypto.slhdsa: add a SLH-DSA implementation, a stateless hash-based DSA, a post quantum cryptographic module (#24086)
encoding.binary: add encode_binary()/decode_binary() generic functions (#24106)
crypto.rc4: change the return type of new_cipher to be !&Cipher (#24113)
crypto: add a crypto.ripemd160 module (#24119)
encoding.iconv: fix iconv on termux (fix #23597) (#24147)
sync: remove the call to C.pthread_rwlockattr_setpshared (not needed, since it is the default on POSIX) (#24166)
pkgconfig, termios: Support NetBSD (#24176)
encoding.binary: fix serialize map struct (fix #24190) (#24192)
builtin,v.gen.wasm: support -b wasm -d no_imports (#24188)
datatypes: add a Set.array/0 method to help get all the elements from a set as an array (#24206)
json: fix option time (fix #24242) (fix #24175) (#24243)
log: add local time / utc time selection support (#24268)
json: link with libm (fix #24272) (#24273)
rand: add uuid_v7(), session function, simplify uuid_v4() (#24313)
toml: fix handling of multiline string with CRLF (fix #24321) (#24322)
toml: fix crlf escape check (fix #24328) (#24329)
x.json2: add u16(),u32() (fix #24337) (#24342)
rand: fix uuid_v7 seperator (#24348)
rand: check the separators for the generated UUIDs in random_identifiers_test.v
builtin: add string.is_identifier() (#24350)
x.crypto.chacha20: add a check counter overflow to set_counter for standard mode (#24365)
comptime: fix $if var.return_type == 1 { (fix #24391) (#24393)
comptime: enable ppc64le, add docs (#24433)
toml: add compile error when passing encode/1 types of T != struct (fix #24435) (#24443)
sync.stdatomic: workaround for libatomic.a indirect symbols tcc bug (fix #23924) (#24472)
math.big: fix the + operator for big.Integer for negative numbers, add test (#24487)
math.big: respect the sign of the dividend in % operator, add test (#24489)
os: add note for the availability of the debugger_present implementation (#24492)
term: add writeln_color() (#24463)
math.big: add missing assert for test_multiply_karatsuba_02 (#24534)
builtin: fix mix prod and debug ucrt lib (#24498)
math.big: fix Karatsuba's add_in_place() function, add carry handler on exit (#24541)
math: add exp_decay to interpolation.v (#24545)
math.big: optimize divide_array_by_digit() (#24566)
sync.stdatomic: add atomic types (#24561)
sync.stdatomic: turn panic() in new_atomicT into a $compile_error() (#24573)
sync: add condition support (#24574)
builtin: flush stdout on panic (#24606)
Document the behaviour of % for negative numbers; in V: -10 % 7 == -3 (#24604)
math.big: remove unnecessary casting from Integer.is_power_of_2/0 (#24614)
math.big: make is_power_of_2() be false for negatives (it now matches Julia's ispow2/1) (#24619)
vlib: vanilla_http_server (#24202)
os: support dotfiles := os.walk_ext('.', '', hidden: true) (#24617)
builtin: remove playground related code (the current playground uses a container/sandbox) (#24632)
comptime: fix T.indirections comparison (fix #24630) (#24636)
math.big: add test for radix_str() and integer_from_radix() (#24644)
runtime: make free_memory() and total_memory() return Result types to allow for reporting errors (#24651)
math.big: improve the performance of radix_str() ~9 times (#24666)
math.big: speed up ~10x integer_from_radix() (#24674)
sync.stdatomic: fix bug with add() and sub() returning the new values, add voidptr support, add swap() and compare_and_swap() (#24685)
sync.stdatomic: add atomic_thread_fence(), cpu_relax() (#24690)
v: support @DIR (as a comptime equivalent to os.dir(@FILE)) at runtime) (#24742)
thirdparty: print the glGetError() code on failure too in sokol_gfx.h, to make diagnostic easier
builtin: make array.ensure_cap/1 public
os.font: fixes for -os android
vlib: add a pool module (#24661)
zstd: make the api more V like
szip: fix panic on empty files (#24335)

Web

net: add read_ptr/2 (from read/1) to UdpConn for consistency with TcpConn (#24000)
net: make close/0, select/2 and remote/0 methods of UdpSocket pub (#24004)
Fix $dbg on function that uses veb comptimecall (fix #23999) (#24088)
veb: allow route methods, that are tagged with @[unsafe]
veb: support -d veb_max_read_bytes=16384, -d veb_max_write_bytes=16384, -d veb_default_port=1234, -d veb_max_http_post_size_bytes=8388608
net.http: support v -http -d http_folder=vlib/_docs (allow customizing the folder, port, and index file through CLI arguments to v -http)
thirdparty: upgrade to mbedtls v3.6.3.1, add a .patch file with the local changes (#24602)
veb: fix handling of default CorsOptions.allowed_headers (#24703)

ORM

orm: fix default value quote (fix #24052) (#24057)
orm: fix type alias not supported in table columns (fix #15478) (#24062)
orm: fix gen sql complex where (fix #24136) (#24138)
orm: skip orm_complex_where_test.v for sanitize-memory-clang too
orm: add function call based builder API for dynamic queries (fix #24178) (#24196)
orm: set default value for require field if database value is null (fix #24221) (#24222)
orm: fix option field with default null value (fix #24222) (#24228)
orm: add or_where() method to the builder (fix #24244) (#24250)
orm: add IN and NOT IN (#24634)
orm: add in and not in to orm_func (fix #24639) (#24642)
breaking,orm: add table attrs; add table/field comment support for mysql and pg (#24744)

Database drivers

db.mysql: use mysql datatype for alloc string_binds_map, not orm's (#24126)
db.mysql: fix handling of nullable timestamp (fix #24120) (#24125)
db.mysql: add null result support (fix #24130) (#24131)
db.mysql: use hardcoded const declare (fix #22086) (#24162)
db: connection pool (#24161)
db: mysql,pg,sqlite add transaction support (fix #24290) (#24352)
db.pg: fix incompatible fn signature (#24549)
db: add redis (#24730)

Native backend

native: use builtin exit function (#24578)
native: improve string support (#24600)
native: implement for in string for amd64 (#24613)
native: support nested structs, improve support for right expr of IndexExpr (#24627)
native: leave only the unique paths in g.linker_include_paths, before doing lookups
native: support C constants (#24660)
native: add a temporary special case for C.EOF (#24724)

C backend

Fix parallel cached_type_to_str access (fix #23980) (#23998)
Fix codegen to make mutable sumtype working (fix #23982, part 1, needed for bootstrapping) (#23988)
Fix arm64 asm operand position; fix arm64 asm imm; support arm64 dot instruction (#24017)
Fix mutable ptr sumtype (#24021)
Fix asm comments of arm32 (#24025)
Allow asserts inside fns, called in const/global initialization, in test files (fix #24029) (#24031)
Fix codegen for option return unwrapping on last statement (fix #24026) (#24030)
Fix match option with case non option (fix #24047) (fix #24048) (#24051)
Support measuring programs, that use multiple threads in the new profiler column (turn prof_measured_time into a thread local, for the supported C compilers) (#24061)
Fix @[keep_args_alive] with ptr (fix #23973) (#24058)
Remove unused macro V64_PRINTFORMAT
Fix option array push on unwrapped array (fix #24073) (#24079)
Fix nested array support for the orm (fix #19327) (#24080)
Fix x in [...]! operator with fixed arrays (fix #24082) (#24083)
Fix codegen for comptime multiline attr (fix #23964) (#24087)
Fix codegen for selector with embed field option (fix #24084) (#24085)
Fix generic result return (fix #24097) (#24100)
Fix showing the expression, as literal value, in case of assert s[x..y] == "literal" (fix #24103) (#24105)
Fix codegen for option unwrapped var passed to generic option type (fix #23972) (#24096)
Fix selector option unwrapping on infix (fix #24108) (#24115)
Sort the paths, used in coutput_test.v
Skip emitting mman.h and pthreads related code, for freestanding builds (#24118)
Add s390x assembly support + test (#24129)
Parser,checker,cgen: fix wrong auto heap deref of auto index loop var (fix #24117) (#24124)
Fix non-voidptr to voidptr on -cstrict + notice about such usage (fix #24139) (#24143)
Fix multi return with option type (#24144)
Remove obfuscation (strip should be used instead); temporary fix for usecache + toml
Fix zero left padding (fix #24199) (#24201)
Fix variadic sumtype args passing (fix #24150) (#24207)
Fix codegen for const to c string (fix #24235) (#24248)
Fix codegen for fixed array init with init using structinit (#24269)
Fix missing braces for const init with castexpr from option unwrapping expr (#24276)
Fix codegen for index expr on for loop with branchstmt (fix #22760) (#24289)
Fix codegen for assigning fixed array on defer var (fix #24300) (#24305)
Fix codegen for multi return with aliased fixed array (fix #24280) (#24295)
Fix codegen for nested selector unwrapping on lhs (fix #24292) (#24293)
Add ppc64le assembly support + test (#24299)
Fix s390x closure thunk (use floating point register) (#24258)
Fix riscv64 closure thunk (use floating point register) (#24315)
Fix codegen for writing on unwrapped selector (fix #24316) (#24323)
Fix codegen for thread.call() on var auto heap (fix #24326) (#24327)
Fix codegen for handling multiple return result type on call (fix #24341) (#24344)
Fix codegen for nested selector option ptr (fix #24339) (#24345)
Fix arm64 closure + remove stub in test (#24332)
Workaround tcc aarch64 bug (fix #24331) (#24354)
Fix riscv32 closure (#24355)
Fix codegen for anon option fn struct field init (fix #24392) (#24400)
Fix if mut var != none { for optional interface values (fix #24351) (#24410)
Fix interface unsafe {nil} comparison and initialization (fix #24374) (#24411)
Ast,cgen,parser,pref: support loongarch64 inline assembly, add test (#24440)
Fix array init with interface element type (fix #24442) (#24454)
Fix const declaration dependant mapping when using update_expr (fix #24437) (#24455)
Fix comptimecall with map receiver (fix #24448) (#24449)
Fix assign from for mut var in arr { to pointer (fix #24432) (#24456)
Workaround tcc aarch64 fn call bug (fix #24473) (#24477)
Workaround tcc aarch64 spawn call bug (fix #24482) (#24483)
Fix map of fixed array value in if guard (fix #24488) (#24496)
Fix codegen for assigning nil or 0 to option ptr field (fix #24447) (fix #24500) (#24502)
Fix codegen for array of option element auto eq a == [?int(none)] (#24504)
Fix codegen inconsistency handling nil param to arg expecting ptr (fix #24491) (#24503)
Fix pattern generated by const_init_or_block.vv in vlib/v/gen/c/coutput_test.v, when VFLAGS=-no-parallel is used
Fix tmp var redeclaration on const inited later (fix #24521) (fix #24517) (#24524)
Fix generic name handling for struct generic (fix #24530) (#24565)
Fix initialize error object in or_block (fix #24529) (#24576)
Improve the readability of switch() { statements, generated by match() { ones (#24618)
Reduce v.c size by ~4% by removing comments and using shorter literals
Fix enumval str() call on stringinterliteral (fix #24702) (#24705)

JavaScript backend

Fix array type checking in sum type match expressions (fix #24237 ) (#24259)
js: fix callbacks in structure parameters (fix #24260) (#24324)
Fix array initialization with "index" and "it" (fix #24397) (#24429)
Cannot assign unsafe nil values (fix #24407, #24436) (#24458)
Fix alias type initalization (fix #24475) (#24480)
Fix casting (fix #24512) (#24519)
Alias types are not properly resolved (fix #24486) (fix #24507) (#24514)
Implement Map.keys() and Map.values() methods (fix #24209) (#24608)
Fix string.runes method (fix #20500) (#24609)
Fix direct map key access and map.len (fix #24616, fix #24605) (#24620)
Fix map to string fails on rune keys (fix #24637) (#24638)
Fix maps being always constructed using string keys (fix #24607) (fix #24671) (#24673)
Fix slightly incorrect JS (esbuild was broken on master) (fix #23711) (#24676)

vfmt

Convert "hello".str => c"hello" (fix #24635) (#24652)

Tools

Let test_os_process.v use unbuffer_stdout() to make the output more reliable
os,tools: make easier analyzing process_test.v failures on the CI
ci: fix build conditions that had sanitize-memory-clang? instead of sanitize-memory-clang
ci: skip running the s390 CI job for simple doc/yml changes (#24160)
ci: fix shell script issues reported by actionlint (#24168)
Remove the src subdir from projects, created by v new (#24236)
Add support for // vtest build: !os_id_ubuntu? tags in the _test.v files, detected by v test
ci: fix v -o v2 -usecache cmd/v after ad5b829
Fix vrepl for import mod { f } (#24340)
ci: debug hub_docker_ci.yml issue (try 1, disable cache, run linters)
ci: debug hub_docker_ci.yml issue (try 2, add concurrency group, add a persistent single builder gh-builder)
ci: debug hub_docker_ci.yml issue (try 3, restore the cache-from:/cache-to: lines)
ci: fix hub_docker_ci.yml issue - comment out the cache-from:/cache-to: lines again
Support vreduce timeout, vreduce custom run command (#24359)
Rewrite v timeout, support killing the child process on timeout by default (#24367)
Use breadth first search in vreduce (#24369)
Vreduce fix var names (#24373)
Fix v timeout 2 sleep 5
Fix ./v -d network test cmd/tools/vpm
ci: reduce false positives for cover_test.v and vdoc_test.v
Save the modified content more frequently in v reduce, fix timeout leaks (#24405)
Reduce padding for v doc produced html nodes too
ci: reduce the noise in check annotations for github PR reviews, due to the new warning in option_test.c.v
Improve show_ancient_deprecations.v, by ignoring false positives for deprecation tags in // comments
Check for Git repository in v doctor (packaged V versions often lack a .git/ folder) (fix #24419) (#24420)
vlib,tools: add an arrays.diff module, implement a simple platform independent tool v diff file1.txt file2.txt using it (#24428)
ci: bump creyD/prettier_action from 4.3 to 4.5 (#24439)
ci: use v retry to reduce the false positives for retrieving the dependencies for vinix too
ci: show hg version too, to ease the diagnosing of install_version_test.v failures
Let cmd/tools/vpm/install_test.v use a .hg/hgrc file too
repl: fix typeof(a) with warning (fix #24499) (#24515)
Make v doctor show CFLAGS and LDFLAGS too (if set)
Make v search ui work again through the vpm site (fix #23966) (#24535)
ci: fix unused var warning in cmd/tools/vpm/common.v
ci: prevent future changes to cmd/tools/vpm/common.v, that introduce warnings/notices to pass in PRs
x.benchmark: align the output of BenchmarkResult.print/0
Ease diagnosing CI failures of vtimeout_test.v
ci: make sure that only one copy of native_test.v is executed at once, when run through v test vlib (fix #24505)
Ignore .db and .sqlite files by default in v watch (such DB files are very likely to change during prototyping)
.gitignore: ignore .db and .sesskey files as well
ci: bump creyD/prettier_action from 4.5 to 4.6 (#24687)
Make v doc -f md module output useful by default (#24737)
ci: fix native_backend_ci.yml concurrency group setting (prevent jobs for different commits on master to cancel each other)
Fix overflow detected in the sanitized runs on the CI (#24064)
ci: reduce code duplication in linux_ci.vsh

Operating System support

os: implement Process.is_pending() on windows (fix #23990) (#23993)
os: support .set_environment() on windows too (fix #10628) (#23996)
thirdparty: update thirdparty-linux-amd64_tcc.sh, to also record its own full invocation command, and commit the changes automatically
thirdparty: add thirdparty/build_scripts/thirdparty-freebsd-amd64_tcc.sh
ci: reduce false positives for slow runs of the gcc-windows job
gg: fix screen_size() on macos with multiple displays
ci: add riscv64_linux_ci.yml (based on QEMU) as well (#24181)
ci: use apt update before apt install in cross_ci.yml, to make the linux job more robust
thirdparty: add thirdparty/build_scripts/thirdparty-macos-arm64_tcc.sh for compiling tcc on macos (first draft)
Simplify the implementation of get_linux_os_name in v doctor
os.filelock: compile without warnings with gcc on windows
ci: use windows-2025 for the gcc-windows job (since it has gcc 14.2.0) (#24304)
ci: skip option_ptr_unwrap_test.v on windows with msvc (#24320)
os: fix windows rmdir GetLastError() (fix #24356) (#24357)
Enable windows tcc_backtrace() support (#24377)
ci: reduce false positives for init_global_test.v on windows (retry it 2 times)
ci: reduce false positives for orm_func_test.v on windows (retry it 2 times)
os: force using C.CREATE_NO_WINDOW on windows in os.raw_execute/1 (fix #24390) (#24418)
Fix v doctor output on FreeBSD ; do not run ldd to get the glibc version (#24427)
runtime: improve free_memory implementation for OpenBSD, by getting the stats from its UVM system (#24431)
runtime: fix cast error in free_memory implementation for OpenBSD (#24445)
Use a .hg/hgrc file for install_version_test.v (workaround windows failure)
os: add debugger_present implementation for OpenBSD (fix #23603) (#24490)
veb: reduce veb_max_write_bytes from 16KB to 2KB (fix sending large dynamic responses from veb on macos/freebsd) (fix #24523) (#24522)
os: fix os.File's tell/0 method for windows (fix #24217) (#24218)
net.openssl: replace SSL_get1_peer_certificate by SSL_get_peer_certificate for OpenBSD (#24556)
net.mbedtls: disable AES-NI on OpenBSD with tcc (fix #22239) (#24560)
net.mbedtls: enable MBEDTLS_THREADING_C and MBEDTLS_THREADING_PTHREAD on OpenBSD (#24572)
thirdparty: add thirdparty/build_scripts/thirdparty-openbsd-amd64_tcc.sh for compiling tcc on OpenBSD (#24592)
v.builder: enable -fwrap for C compilation on OpenBSD too (#24585)
v.pkgconfig: add the default /opt/local/lib/pkgconfig for MacPorts on macos (#24626)
sync: increase retries for vlib/sync/select_close_test.v to 3, to reduce CI false positives in the gcc-windows job
ci: remove script to build tcc on FreeBSD (obsoleted by thirdparty/build_scripts/thirdparty-freebsd-amd64_tcc.sh) (#24681)
encoding.iconv: add path for iconv library on FreeBSD (#24682)
native: skip linux.vv too, for the sanitized jobs (similar to libc.vv)
ci: migrate from windows-2019 runner to windows-2025 runner in most jobs (github deprecated the 2019 runner) (#24672)
runtime: fix -cstrict compilation (use usize() cast in free_memory) on OpenBSD (#24696)
Remove specific case for FreeBSD in cmd/tools/vtest_test.v (#24707)
docs: add section in README for compilation on FreeBSD (#24706)
thirdparty: add script to build libgc on FreeBSD/amd64 (#24717)
builtin: use local static libgc for FreeBSD with tcc (fix #24710) (fix #24683) (#24720)
ci: update and improve FreeBSD CI (#24726)
ci: add CI for OpenBSD (#24732)
gg: fix .char event handling for backspace, delete, tab and enter for linux/x11 (send appropriate .char codes to the apps, similar to macos)
Add aarch64 atomics support in thirdparty/stdatomic/nix/atomic.h (fix #24294) (#24296)
v.trace_calls: now musl has gettid(), there is no need for the shim on newer Alpine etc (#24245)

Examples

Fix v -os wasm32_emscripten -o ms.html examples/gg/minesweeper.v (use os.asset to load the font, avoid the implicit closures for the frame/event callbacks)'
Update rotating_textured_quad.v with instructions on how to compile/run it with emscripten and a browser
Add a small examples/gg/bouncing_balls.v simulation of falling balls
Fetch 30 stories instead of 10 in examples/news_fetcher.v
Add sync_pool.v for easier testing/diagnosing issues with the sync.pool implementation on different platforms
Add a -profile report column, to show only the func time, excluding the accumulated children calls time (usable through ./v -profile - run a.v |sort -nk3 for example) (#24056)
doc: improve Shared and Channels's topics, add more examples (#24155)
orm: fix option type, convert from int to i8, add examples, etc (fix #24211) (#24213)
Fix optional callback parameter and improve examples (fix #24325) (#24336)
Reduce padding for code examples, to fit more examples on the same screen without scrolling
Cleanup unsafe{} blocks that are not needed anymore in examples/sokol/08_sdf/sdf.v
Show the number of pushes in sokoban too
os.asset: add read_text/2 too, use it to simplify the sokoban example
Support directly loading sokoban level files by path
Add more Sokoban levels
Support boxoban style collections of levels files (from https://github.com/google-deepmind/boxoban-levels/)
Add a simple sudoku solver
Add primes.v, that shows how to get command line arguments, and use loops and functions
Add a small memory game (#24643)
Cleanup memory.v (reduce it to 135 lines)
builtin,os: enable no warnings for gg programs like v -gc boehm_leak -cg -keepc run examples/gg/minimal.v (part 1 - before the gg loop) (#24749)

V 0.4.10

20 Mar 2025

Improvements in the language

Implement assignable anonymous struct (fix #23855) (#23857)
Remove ancient deprecations (#23479)

Breaking changes

Make old [attr] syntax an error (@[attr] has to be used instead)
builtin: string.index_after() now returns an Option (like string.index()), use string.index_after_() for the old behavior
Vweb is now deprecated in favor of faster and more stable and easy to use veb

Checker improvements/fixes

Allow none to be passed to ?T param (fix #23381) (#23385)
Fix for iterator method .next(), not marked as used (fix #23312) (#23321)
Fix generic var inferring to be passed to []T (fix #23315) (#23322)
Clean up and optimise infix - reduce as casting (#23327)
Fix structinit validation on nested generic Map[K]V (fix #23329) (#23332)
Fix comptime indexexpr resolving (#23333)
Fix comptime evaluation on infix expr (fix #23341) (#23344)
Fix alias to fixed array w/ size defined by constant (fix #23356) (#23357)
Fix missing option variable checking when casting using as operator (fix #23349) (#23358)
Fix assign expected type on rechecking enum assigns (fix #23366) (#23367)
Allow calling foo(?i64(123)) for fn foo(x ?I64) { and type I64 = i64 (#23373)
Cache node.args[0] on fixed_array_builtin_method_call and array_builtin_method_call (#23411)
Fix missing check for invalid prefixexpr expression &(&var) (fix #23365) (#23418)
Disallow &((&a)) and similar expressions, with innermost ast.PrefixExpr (enhance #23418) (#23419)
Fix call with mut arg with different pointer levels (fix #23157) (#23428)
Fix missing detection for return in lockexpr stmts (fix #23434) (#23435)
Do not allow auto reference of voidptr params
Check if unwrapped m[key] if m is Option (fix #23446) (#23459)
Builtin,checker: remove @[markused] from fn isnil(), set c.table.used_features.auto_str_ptr = true instead (#23464)
Fix checker generic alias type (fix #23474) (#23475)
Fix missing check for a := [none] (fix #23457) (#23504)
Fix missing check for concrete type on match branch expr (fix #23506) (#23508)
Fix missing check for invalid argument for builtin (fix #23511) (#23515)
Fix selector nested unwrapping (fix #23519) (#23521)
Fix message with old attr syntax (#23529)
Cache repeated node.args.len, method.generic_names.len, node.concrete_types.len and node.op.str() (#23536)
Disallow expr is Type if expr is Optional (fix #23486) (#23510)
Make option_var.str() an error, when done without unwrapping it first (fix #23557, fix #23558) (#23563)
Fix private symbol visibility checking (fix #23518) (#23543)
Disallow constant modification on unsafe {} (#23588)
Fix sumtype variant option type mismatch (#23659)
Disallow arr = voidptr(0) (fix #23675) (#23687)
Allow for module no_main programs, that can redefine their own main function, or not define any of their own as well
Fix match branch checking of nonreturn call on last expr (fix #23698) (#23699)
Check and error for invalid utf8 string literals (#23721)
Fix call from unknown enum (fix #23728) (#23730)
Add checker for passing multi return as arg to func that expects less param (fix #23735) (#23744)
Fix spreed operator ref field validation (fix #23759) (#23760)
Fix missing check for method that returns veb.Result (fix #23647) (#23762)
Allow generic operators to be called in fn (fix #23773) (#23774)
Fix missing struct cast validation (fix #23748) (#23788)
Fix map when casting to interface (fix #23790) (#23799)
Allow for pub type C.HINSTANCE = voidptr, being used in @[export: "wWinMain"] fn mymain(x C.HINSTANCE, xprev C.HINSTANCE, lpcmdline &C.WCHAR, cmdshow int) int { in module no_main programs (#23812)
Add option type inference on if expr (implement most of #23827, except the error for v := if c { none } else { none }) (#23829)
Add missing check for IfExpr and MatchExpr with no valid type (#23832)
Fix MatchExpr type inferring, when none is used (fix #23831) (#23833)
Add missing check for generic fntype type names (fix #23453) (#23850)
Add checking for comptime assign without comptime if checking (fix #23796) (#23848)
Fix option ptr field assign checking (fix #23879) (#23880)
Add missing any type validation on assignment (fix #23905) (#23906)
Add fntype casting validations (#23872)
Fix signed integer literal overflow error, when most significant bit occupies signed bit (fix #23782) (#23919)
Add missing check for casting generic type to literal values (#23915)
Check if next() method infers generic type correctly (fix #23927) (#23932)
Disallow references to constants (fix #23935) (#23942)
Fix typeof evaluation for generic reference (fix #23951) (fix #23952) (#23958)

Parser improvements

Reduce allocations in empty_comptime_const_expr (#23324)
Add error for array init of Results []!type{} (fix #23360) (#23375)
Allow map cast syntax map[k]v(expr) (#23401)
Inline some commonly used fns (#23535)
Fix anon fn return type option/result followed by comment parsing in vfmt mode (fix #23607) (#23608)
Keep track of the number of all scanned tokens too, and show it with -stats
Fix the error message position, for a struct Abc, that lacks a body (#23627)
Prevent unused warning on import mod { Sym }, when Sym is later used, for more cases (fix #23412) (#23626)
Add support for -d trace_parse_file_path_and_mod, to help diagnosing module lookup problems
Allow for @[has_globals] to be used for all V programs, turn the @[wasm_import_namespace] error into a notice
Remove table dep for script main check
Fix enum value parsing inside array initialization (fix #23937) (#23941)
Fix the registration of fixed arrays, when size_expr is a const (fix #23946) (#23949)
Disallow invalid expr in comptime $for (fix #23953) (#23959)

Compiler internals

markused: fix -skip-unused on a short program, that prints array (fix #23436) (#23437)
markused: fix eprintln(err) on imported module on short program (related: #23498) (#23499)
markused: fix markused auto str detection (fix #23501) (#23503)
markused: fix option ptr printing (fix #23559) (#23562)
checker,markused: add identification for sumtype.type_name() call (fix #23732) (#23739)
markused: improve stability (avoid runtime crash) when processing generic functions (partial fix for #23927)
markused: fix markused behavior on array / map index getter / setter / slice (#23931)
markused: fix markused behavior on struct field's default expression (fix #23909) (#23933)
builder: do not search for msvc when it is not needed (#23386)
pref: stop parsing CLI options, on encountering -- (#23470)
util: show unknown command suggestions, for more misspelled variants, like v sefl; make util.new_suggestion calls parametrizable
pref: add Preferences.vroot_file/1 (done here, without using it, to ease the bootstrapping of the cheaders extraction, that will follow next)
pref: fix panic in parse_args_and_show_errors, called with no args (fix #23713) (#23794)
pref: allow for -os wasm32_emscripten and filtering _d_wasm32_emscripten.c.v and _notd_wasm32_emscripten.c.v files. (#23797)
v.builder: show the last line of the C compiler output, in case of errors, in addition to the truncated first lines (the last line is useful, since it usually has an error counter)
os,v.transformer: fix warnings for ./v -os cross -o vc/v.c cmd/v && clang-18 -o v_from_vc vc/v.c -lpthread
util: fix stack overflow during parsing of #flag -DName=$d(...) (#23895)
builder: extract Builder.show_parsed_files/0 to make it easier to debug import/parsing issues
builder: remove forgotten b.show_parsed_files/0 call
util.version: centralise the use of @VCURRENTHASH, to minimise the vlang/vc diffs for each commit
builder: support -d trace_parsed_files
util: shorten the V paths used in the C #line directives with tcc (the ../../../.. etc is no longer needed with newer tcc) (#23974)

Standard library

json: fix default struct field initialization with long array (#23355)
markused,builtin,strconv,vlib: reduce generated C sizes for compilers != tcc, for short programs, by simplifying the generation of backtraces, and reducing string interpolations in panics (#23380)
thirdparty/sokol: allow -cflags -D_SGL_DEFAULT_MAX_VERTICES=4194304 to customize how many vertices you can send through gg/sokol in a frame
crypto.ecdsa: expand ecdsa module, to support other curves like secp384r1, secp521r1, secp256k1 (#23407)
crypto.ecdsa: fix memleaks, reported by the CI sanitizer jobs (#23450)
ci: force the checking of changed vlib/crypto/ecdsa files with the sanitizer jobs
builtin: add a @[markused] tag to isnil(), because cgen generates calls to it in some cases (#23462)
builtin: reduce a bit the generated #if defined checks for small programs (#23484)
crypto.ecdsa: improve safety checking, unify signing (and verifying) api to accept options (#23463)
regex: fix misspelled word "firts" in replace_n description (#23514)
os: add split_path/1: os.split_path('/usr/lib/test.so') -> ('/usr/lib','test','.so'); fix platform dependent behaviour of os.dir/1, os.base/1, os.file_name/1 (#23532)
breaking,log: set stderr as default log output, add .set_output_stream() to allow for opting in the old default of stdout (#23444)
builtin: add -prealloc -d prealloc_memset -d prealloc_memset_value=65 -d prealloc_dump, to better analyze the memory patterns of running V programs
builtin: change the default builder size used for string interpolations, from 256 bytes to 64 bytes
gg: mark create_image_with_size as deprecated (image resizing is done by stbi.resize_uint8/3, with a different fn signature) (#23580)
crypto.ecdsa: split out the C wrapper to a new .c.v file (#23595)
builtin: add &u8.free() (fix #23592) (#23598)
crypto.ecdsa: fix bug in .with_no_hash handling (#23612)
crypto.ecdsa: fix handling of sign() with custom_hash (#23619)
runtime: add note for the availability of the free_memory/0 implementation (#23620)
builtin: make public the FnGC_WarnCB alias (#23633)
os: add disk_usage/1 (#23634)
builtin: add string.split_by_space() (#23651)
crypto.ecdsa: migrate ecdsa.PrivateKey.new() to use a high level API (#23640)
gg: fix incorrect Event.mouse_x and Event.mouse_y on gg.Context.event_fn and gg.Context.on_event on HiDPI displays (#23668)
crypto.ecdsa: migrate generate_key and simplify it (part 3) (#23662)
encoding.csv: add support for multithreading to encoding.csv.RandomAccessReader (#23677)
v.builder: add os.quoted_path() to os.system calls using v.pref.out_name, for the compress flag (fix #23685) (#23686)
time: reduce chances of failures on the CI, by time_test.c.v; make the failure diagnostic easier
time: improve the robustness of time_test.c.v (check if the diff is within ±1 second of the current timezone difference)
crypto.ecdsa: migrate core routines for signing (and verifying), it now requires using OpenSSL 3 (#23705)
all: use arguments() instead of os.args in some files
math.big: fix 1/115792089237316195423570985008687907853269984665640564039457584007908834671663 leading to panic (fix #23771)
v.cflag: support #flag $when_first_existing(libABC.a, /some/path/libABC.a, ...), without panicing (unlike #flag $first_existing(...)) (#23780)
term: add more comments in vlib/term/README.md
log: fix panic on mutex destroy, when exiting a program, while a thread is still logging
log: fix valgrind_test.v failure
math.vec: add rotate_around_* (cw/ccw) functions to vec.Vec2[T] (#23807)
math.big: bump newton_division_limit to 1_000_000 (workaround issue #23806)
math.big: add vlib/math/big/big_division_test.v (follow-up to 270941a)
strconv: fix strconv.atof64() inconsistency with the other .ato functions; make it return an error by default, when it detects an extra non number character after a number (#23815)
os: add File.write_u8/1 and File.read_u8/0 helper methods
ci,os: fix bootstrapping with -os cross -o vc/v.c (avoid the generic calls in the new write_u8 and read_u8)
log: remove the notice about the stdout -> stderr migration (#23837)
veb: fix "error parsing request: io.Eof" when expecting a request body, but the data is not ready yet (fix #22464) (#23842)
json: fix json.decode autofree codegen (fix #23834) (#23839)
time: add .week_of_year() method for time.Time instances (#23838)
time: add documentation for remaining time-related functions and ISO 8601 parsing (#23867)
crypto: add missing doc comments for public methods (#23864)
builtin,os: fix warnings for ./v -os cross -o vc/v.c cmd/v && cc -o v_from_vc vc/v.c -lpthread
crypto.ecdsa: migrate new_key_from_seed to use high opaque, simplify the logic (#23876)
math: fix ./v -prod -cstrict -cc gcc-11 vlib/math/math_bench_test.v (use unions to implement f64_bits/1 and f64_from_bits/1 for compilers != tcc)
crypto.ecdsa: complete the migration to the newer OpenSSL APIs (follow up to #23876) (#23877)
x.json2: add a convenience Any.as_map_of_strings/0 method
cli: add missing struct members to str() method and fix some comments (#23893)
crypto.ecda: improvement the performance of PrivateKey.new by avoiding match+assignments (#23899)
crypto.ecdsa: improves internal function of calc_digest_with_evpkey (#23901)
crypto.aes: fix notices about order of operations (fix #23898) (#23902)
Revert "math.bits: port changes from e66e996, so that -cstrict -cc gcc-11 passes for markdown as well"
crypto.ecdsa: improve the performance of the .public_key method of PrivateKey (#23920)
gg: add is_key_down/1 helper method
datatypes: optimize linkedlist (fix #23928) (#23934)
x.json2: fix "\" scanner bug, disallow (ch < 0x20) unescaped control characters (#23954)
crypto.ecdsa: improve internal sign_digest routine (#23960)

Web

veb: add ctx.no_content() + prevent content-type being set if the mime type is empty (#23425)
net.ftp: use unsafe { nil }
net.smtp: make public the Attachment fields (to be used as plain structs in initialisation) (#23477)
x.vweb: remove the entire module (it's now veb)
ci: fix failure of the docker-ubuntu-musl job (keep vlib/vweb/vweb_app_test.v in the skip_files)
picoev: enable running veb services on Termux
thirdparty: improve -cstrict -cc clang-18 -prod compatibility for programs that do import net.mbedtls
net.http.file: use urllib decode uri, to handle urls to files that have unicode characters in their name (fix #23683) (#23684)
veb.csrf: do not print anything by default, add an verbose: true option, to restore the old behavior if needed (#23725)
net.unix: make unix_socket_test.v trace its actions more thoroughly
veb.request_id: new middleware that implements request ID tracking (#23727)
veb: update the blog tutorial
net.openssl: use proper library search path for local installations of OpenSSL 3, use SSL_get1_peer_certificate instead of the deprecated SSL_get_peer_certificate .
ci: fix vweb_run_at.run.out and vweb_run_at.skip_unused.run.out, ensure stable ordering of stdout/stderr for v run file.v, in case of compiling a program with warnings/notices.
veb: handle sendfile errors, when the connection is canceled, before the file is completely transferred (#23891)

ORM

orm: fix codegen for option fk (fix #23383) (#23400)

Database drivers

db.sqlite: add tracing for more calls, when using -d trace_sqlite, not just for the ORM
db.pg: add support for prepared statement, with db.prepare/3 and db.exec_prepared/2 (#23442)
db.mysql: add SSL support; turn ConnectionFlag into @[flag] (#23975)

Native backend

native: fix convert_int_to_string, add comments in the verbose (-v) mode (#23743)
native: fix int prints (#23747)
native: for statement : add support for all expressions handled by g.condition (#23752)
native: fix inc and improve support for i32 (#23753)
native: support negative integer literals (#23755)
native: fix missing symbols CaptureStackBackTrace and __debugbreak (#23765)
native: fibonacci test
native: add support for enums of different types (#23786)
native: fix unsigned and signed int comparison (#23808)

C backend

Fix type_default for option type, when the default expr is none (fix #23318) (#23320)
Remove double string cloning (#23331)
Fix type_default for array init >= 8 items (spotted while building the vhamll project) (#23334)
Fix codegen for alias struct embed (fix #23347) (#23353)
Fix codegen for sumtype casting on selector on as cast with non pointer field (fix #23387) (#23391)
Fix generic alias option assigning (fix #23382) (#23393)
Fix codegen for selector on shared var with embed (fix #23378) (#23394)
Fix codegen for nested selectorexpr on unwrapped option (fix #23406) (#23409)
Cache return_stmt()'s node.exprs[0] and node.types[0] (#23408)
Fix codegen for indexing generic map (fix #23376) (#23402)
Support -d trace_unused_by_main and -d trace_skip_unused_just_unused_fns, to find out potentially obsolete functions that are not used at all in a project
Fix shared array indexing (fix #23410) (#23413)
Fix shared array fixed initializing with -cstrict (fix build of chip8-v project) (#23414)
Fix codegen for array fixed comparison on MatchExpr (fix #23403) (#23415)
Fix struct init for anon struct field on C structs (fix #23421) (#23422)
Fix shared array slice (fix #23426) (#23427)
Fix array of sumtype initialization with var string (fix #23429) (#23432)
Fix codegen for ifguard indexing array of option (fix #23438) (#23439)
Fix assigning option of array index (fix #23451) (#23455)
Fix compilation for a project using a lot of json, threads, embeds + parallel-cc (#23467)
Fix cgen error for instance.t.wait() on default 0 initialized thread field t (fix #23390) #23392
Fix array decomposing on variadic call (found while working on solving #23474) (#23476)
Fix option var nested unwrapping from sumtype (fix #23478) (#23485)
Fix option unwrapping on heap var (#23489)
Fix codegen for indexing anon_fn (fix #23493) (#23495)
Fix nested option selector unwrapping (fix #23500) (#23497)
Fix interface casting in anon fn (fix #23530) (#23533)
Fix codegen for spawn with interface on submodule (fix #23471) (#23517)
Parser,ast,cgen: support nested unions with field union {, to improve interoperability with C (similar to field struct {) (#23539)
Fix unwrapping option interface field (fix #23540) (#23541)
Fix codegen for assign from unsafe fn returning fixed array (fix #23546) (#23548)
Fix codegen for a fixed array init with different node types (fix #23545) (#23547)
Fix return on last statement of return IfExpr (fix #23550) (#23551)
Fix auto str which expects ptr for ptr type (fix #23552) (#23553)
Fix codegen for assigning from infixexpr with generic operand (fix #23560) (#23561)
Fix codegen for array's .grow_cap and .grow_len methods for generic arrays (fix #23566) (#23568)
Fix codegen for const fixed array initialization with another const as item (fix #23565) (#23572)
Fix codegen for unwrapping option comptime var (fix #23590) (#23591)
Fix hash functions for map[Enum]Value, and enum Enum as u64 { (fix #23630) (#23632)
Fix unwrap option ptr selector (fix #23631) (#23638)
Fix codegen for for or-block (fix #23625) (#23644)
Fix codegen for option value on map_set (fix #23650) (#23652)
Fix codegen for option sumtype with option variant (fix #23653) (#23656)
Remove commented code blocks using if true {
Reduce interpolations when a method is not found in Table.find_method/2; merge rand.constants back to rand.v (#23660)
Fix $if typeof[T]().idx, $if typeof[T]().unaliased_typ checking (#23665)
Fix codegen for sumtype cast from option variants on map_set (fix #23654) (#23669)
Fix codegen for a const assigned a fixed array, initialized with unsafe exprs (fix #23674) (#23676)
Fix @[sql: serial] and @[serial] are not the same (fix #23346) (#23678)
Improve support for v -path bootstrap_alternative_backend/ run simple.v (#23679)
Fix codegen for array fixed on if and match expr (fix #23577, fix #23589) (#23682)
Add support for a #postinclude directive
Fix #preinclude, add test case for #postinclude too
Fix codegen for returning an initialised fixed array (fix #23693) (#23700)
Use global_g.out << g.out instead of global_g.out.write(g.out) or { panic(err) }
Fix issues found with the stricter sanitizers in clang-18 on Ubuntu 24.04 (#23710)
Fix codegen for nested if on return (fix #23723) (#23729)
Fix sumtype smartcasted var as inherited var (fix #23716) (#23731)
Fix map with an Enum as key type, with size < 4 bytes on tcc (fix #23714) (#23738)
Fix codegen for match with sumtype ptrptr (fix #23776) (#23785)
Fix aggregate var handling on match branch (fix #23768) (#23787)
Fix gowrapper codegen for receiver ptrptr (fix #23798) (#23800)
Fix regression, preventing the use of -gc none -d no_main -no-builtin -no-preludes to compile C style V programs
Fix array fixed assignment for @[keep_args_alive] (partial fix for #23804) (#23805)
Fix nested option fixed array (fix #23708) (#23845)
Fix codegen for match on return (fix #23661) (#23851)
Fix casting primitive type to alias, where option alias is expected (fix #23859) (#23860)
Fix interface method list ordering to make test buildable with g++ (fix #23701) (#23870)
Make ./v -prod -cstrict -cc gcc-11 test vlib/math/ pass cleanly (workaround a problem in V's cgen, that -cstrict discovered)
Fix codegen for global array passed as mut (fix #23873) (#23881)
Fix msvc build filename, remove temp files (#23890)
Improve the stability of generated code for auto string methods
Fix codegen for array of anon struct (fix #23896) (#23907)
Make sure to call the overridden pub fn (mut a []string) free() { method, NOT the generic fn (a &array) free() { one. (#23911)
Fix generic container init (fix #23910) (#23912)
Fix codegen for generic structinit and generic array return (fix #23916) (#23943)
Implement alias operator overloading for generic struct parent type (fix #23965) (#23967)
Add T.key_type, typeof(expr).key_type, T.value_type, typeof(expr).value_type, T.element_type, typeof(expr).element_type for getting Map[K]V and []T types (fix #23914) (#23962)
Builtin,markused,pref,cgen: improve markused for small programs

vfmt

Fix formatting for an option array of anon structs (fix #23841) (#23844)
Fix comment handling on ending of struct decl (fix #23947) (#23948)

Tools

ci, vc: use the full V repo commit hash, when generating vlang/vc commit messages
Support v should-compile-all folder/, where folder/ contains project subfolders (containing v.mod files and multiple top level .v files)
Improve v should-compile-all . with support for compiling .wasm.v and .js.v files; skip module name files, compile projects that have .glsl files
Improve v bug report wording
v.help: improve message formatting (#23363)
Restore emcc --version diagnostic in v doctor, when emcc is present
ci: fix v -W build-tools (#23368)
ci: force all tools to build without warnings/notices in tools_ci.yml (#23371)
Fix v buf file.v, when run in a folder != vroot
Improve output of v bug file.v, fix v bug /long/abs/path/file.v too
ci: make show_manual_release_cmd.vsh use a fixed weekly.YYY.WW format for the weekly release tags
ci: make easier the debugging of the docker-alpine-musl-gcc job (#23399)
vvet: fix for v vet folder/ + new features (track long fns, empty fns and repeated code), enabled by the new -F and -r flags (#23405)
v.help: add a message for v help crun (#23431)
Make cmd/tools/vretry_test.v independent from the presence of git (fix issue #23398)
ci: add compile_herolib.sh, use it to make sure it keeps working (related #23467) (#23469)
ci: fix toml-module-pass-external-test-suites after the CI image runner upgraded jq to version 1.7, by downloading and using the release version of jq-1.6
ci: fix failure of the check-markdown job
vet: add an -I option to notice fns, with the potential to be inlined (#23534)
ci: update last known good commit hash for herolib to ca8799af39228a5678a7be81128c5b0c342c9efc
Make v check-md . print the actual length of lines too, when reporting errors/warnings about them (#23606)
Restore previous behavior of v download (show progress on stdout, when it is connected to an interactive terminal; hide log stdout->stderr notice)
ci: fix CI=name ./v -d network test cmd/tools/vpm/ ; update the image runners in vpm_ci.yml (#23628)
Add v reduce program.v, in order to make smaller reproductions (rpdc.v files), before filing cgen bugs (#23636)
Add a small utility script cmd/tools/vrun, to make it easier to use .vsh scripts on systems, with /usr/bin/env still not supporting -S
Describe a more direct way to use a v run shebang in cmd/tools/vrun
Fix show_manual_release_cmd.vsh, use .strftime(%V) for calculating the proper default week number
Improve the v reduce parser for functions, and add more loops to reduce more (#23694)
Improve v reduce output; bump version, warn on failed string_reproduces/3, but continue to run (#23697)
Fix warnings in v reduce (#23709)
Move cmd/tools/vdoc/doc to cmd/tools/vdoc/document, so that it can be imported from other programs through -path, without conflicting with the top level doc/ folder in the main repo (#23733)
ci: avoid duplicating work by removing the remaining -skip-unused tasks, since that is the new default (#23746)
ci: use distinct names for the jobs, for easier filtering/searching in the Github's UI
ci: fix job names in cmd/tools/modules/testing/common.v as well
ci: fix github job names in cmd/tools/vtest-self.v
ci: update the remaining runners from ubuntu-20.04 to ubuntu-22.04 and ubuntu-24.04 (#23754)
ci: rebuild V with v -g self in .github/workflows/native_backend_ci.yml, to improve remote diagnosis of panics in PRs
ci: use -silent for the longer test runs (suppress most OK lines, to reduce scrolling on failure)
.gitignore: ignore the project settings file for gf2 (a very nice GUI gdb frontend)
vrepl: fix slow response for empty line input (after just pressing 'enter/return') (fix #23856) (#23858)
Make v repeat failing_cmd show the error output just once, but also still measure the time it took to execute
Add --check flag to v ast (#23938)
Add v timeout to be able to later use v timeout 5.1 git -C . fetch V_REPO in v doctor and other tools.
Add a custom timeout of 5s for the network using command git -C . fetch V_REPO in v doctor (it normally takes <1s) (fix #23955)
Support v doctor -skip-github to fully skip the fetching step, in places that have limited connectivity (alternative fix/workaround for #23955)
ci: use -silent in more jobs that produce a lot of OK lines normally (for test-cleancode, test-self, build-examples, build-tools)

Operating System support

Avoid os.glob, in favour of os.walk_ext (which works consistently even on windows)
gg: add linux support for fn screen_size() Size (fix #23146) (#23326)
Define _GNU_SOURCE on Linux (#23364)
Fix v doctor format, fixes for windows, tcc and others (#23361)
picoev: fix for windows apps with veb in a thread, parallel to a webview, that opens a lot of file descriptors (#23492)
v.pref: set DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH on macos, when -use-coroutines is used, so that v run can work, and the executable can find the downloaded photonwrapper shared library (#23516)
encoding.iconv: add flag for OpenBSD to find iconv include and library (fix #23573) (#23575)
runtime: add free_memory/0 implementation for OpenBSD (fix #23579) (#23583)
Fix v doctor output on OpenBSD: get gcc version from egcc; do not run ldd to get the glibc version (fix #23576) (#23578)
make.bat: add note about antivirus programs on windows and compilation slowdowns (#23586)
runtime: add free_memory/0 implementation for FreeBSD too (fix #23581) (#23594)
log,sync: fix macos CI failure when log.ThreadSafeLog is used explicitly in v download (#23613)
Let v test . show the running _test.v files each minute (set by VTEST_REPORT_RUNNING_PERIOD_MS); diagnose stuck windows gcc CI jobs (#23649)
ci: run FreeBSD on a VM in github ci, instead of on the Cirrus service (which stopped working today) (#23692)
cgen,builder: fix windows 32bit dll function name mangle (fix #23689) (#23690)
ci: update linux image runners from ubuntu-20.04 to ubuntu-24.04 (#23706)
ci: do not use VJOBS: 1 in the windows tcc job anymore
make: use .exe only on Windows
ci: reduce the timeouts in windows_ci.yml to 60 minutes (V is now faster, and the runners use faster hardware as well)
native: allow for searching for wine system32/ .dlls, and for adding more paths for .dll lookups, by setting VNATIVE_PE_DLL_PATH, to make it easier to diagnose problems with PE generation on non windows platforms (#23756)
ci: skip fibonacci_native.vv on windows for now
sync: support x86_64-alt-linux gcc paths too when tcc is used (needed for ALT Linux)
ci: make freebsd_ci.yml runnable on personal forked repos, that are not named v (#23779)
ci: remove the VJOBS=1 restriction for test-cleancode on linux (#23801)
os: fix buffer overflow in os.get_raw_line under Windows (#23816)
ci: move test in pe_test.v to native_test.v (both used -b native, competing the creation of the backend executable => CI failures on the gcc-windows job)
Make v install avoid using --filter=blob:none --shallow-submodules --also-filter-submodules on windows (#23840)
os: fix get_raw_line() on windows (fix #23843) (#23846)
ci: add a limit of 20 minutes to the test-on-freebsd-14-2-x86 CI job
Support // vtest build: !do_not_test ?, // vtest build: !windows && tinyc to skip files during testing on specific platforms, without having to keep centralised skip lists (#23900)
cgen,dl: remove workaround in dl, generate a DllMain() in cgen instead for -shared on windows (#23961)

Examples

Allow for passing arbitrary compiler flags to v bug, for example: v bug -cg -autofree file.v (#23335)
examples,builtin,cgen,live: fix windows hot reload with -cc tcc, improve the infrastructure, use a V global instead of a C one (fix #23214) (#23350)
Fix unused db.pg import warning for examples/database/psql/customer.v
gg,sokol,examples: add example of overriding _SGL_DEFAULT_MAX_VERTICES in code
Mention also the RAM usage increase in many_thousands_of_circles_overriding_max_vertices.v
gg: enable clean compilation without notices for ./v -check-unused-fn-args examples/tetris/
Add vascii.v showing a table of the first 128 ASCII characters with their names and codes in dec, oct, hex, bin formats (#23466)
Add a solution to the "1 Billion Row Challenge" (#23458)
examples,io: add sha256sum_with_io_cp.v, make the size of the buffer used by io.cp parametrisable (#23585)
log: add log.use_stdout(), use it to silence the transition note for the most commonly used V tools/examples (#23642)
Implement an -s option for v ast, to skip all nodes with default values like [], {}, 0, false; with it v ast -pts examples/hello_world.v | wc -l is 36 lines
gg: fix ./v -gc none -autofree run examples/tetris/ (avoid return s1 + s2 + s3, clone the arrays, passed to the fontstash wrapper)
examples,gg: modify all remaining calls to fons.add_font_mem/3 to use an array.clone()
Add examples/hot_reload/tunnel.v
Add minimal_c_like_program_using_puts.v showing how to produce a much smaller executable on Linux, using clang, mold and sstrip.
Build examples, that start with module no_main as well
ci: fix v build-examples failure on gcc-windows
Support module no_main based examples in v should-compile-all
term: make the second example in the README.md compilable as well
Show how to use a v file server for the wasm version of 2048, instead of emrun
sokol: allow for v -os wasm32_emscripten -o examples/tetris/tetris.html examples/tetris/ (avoid using -sMODULARIZE) (#23814)
Fix poll_coindesk_bitcoin_vs_usd_rate.v, use the new v2 API endpoint
math,examples: add examples/sokol/sounds/simple_sin_tone_using_audio_push.v, cleanup math
Add a small breakout game, supporting keyboard and touch controls (#23861)
Cleanup snek.v, by using math.vec, the builtin array support, instead of datatypes, and by removing casts that are no longer needed
Fix v -cstrict -cc gcc-11 examples/sokol/particles and the same but with clang-18 too
Fix more compilation errors with -cstrict -cc clang-18 for the sokol examples
Fix VFLAGS='-no-skip-unused -cstrict -cc clang-18' v should-compile-all examples/sokol/ too
Add a small minesweeper game in examples/gg/minesweeper.v
Add a small Sokoban puzzle game with levels (see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sokoban)
Use textures in the sokoban game, instead of colors
Shorten the periodic output of examples/hot_reload/message.v
Fix (ball->side edge of brick) collision detection in breakout.v
Add subtle light and shadow effects to the breakout game, to give it a little depth (#23885)
Run the update method of breakout on its own frame independent rate
gg,examples: use a timer to limit the rate of updates in breakout, instead of a separate thread, restore ability to run in a browser through emscripten
Make the tetris update rate, independent from the frame rate too
Make the 2048 game update rate, independent from the frame rate as well
Fix panic, discovered by fuzzing examples/2048/2048.v with zzuf on the CI
Add vanilla_http_server - a fast, multi-threaded, non-blocking, port and host reuse, thread-safe, epoll server (#23094)
v.build_constraint: support comments too, for example linux&&gcc // some comment
Make v repeat -R 5 -r 10 "v run examples/hello_world.v" also show the time it took for all runs in each repeat
Add an asteroids game (it is currently < 400 lines of V, using gg)
Remove the generic alias type overloaded operator workaround, after 29e60da
Fix v should-compile-all examples/

V 0.4.9

22 Dec 2024

Improvements in the language

-skip-unused is now on by default resulting in much smaller cgen and binaries. 70% reduction for hello world.
-parallel-cc for speeding up -prod and -cc clang/gcc compilation by up to 14 times!
C functions no longer need to be manually defined. An #include "foo.c" is enough (behind -experimental for now).
Fixed arrays now have .index .any .all .map .sort .sorted methods
Remove inline sum types completely
Support in expr with number ranges: if var in 1..4 { (fix #20352) (#22754)
Optimize literal string comparison (match, in and ==) (#22643)
Allow map[k]()? and map[k]()() (#22740)
Add selector option unwrapping inside if tree.root != none { (#22895)
Add array.count as a method that accepts a predicate, similar to filter, but returning just the number of matches (#23054)
Allow option array element comparison == and != (fix #23108) (#23113)

Breaking changes

time: rewrite parse_rfc3339/1 to improve performance, reject partial timestamps, that miss date info like 22:47:08Z (#22585)

Checker improvements/fixes

Optimize identical type checking (#22596)
Fix T.unaliased_typ if branch evaluation (fix #22587) (#22598)
Fix lambda expr with fntype params and restore fixed_array_any_all_test.v (#22625)
Check fixed array builtin method args mismatch (#22626)
Fix generic fn call return type resolve on var assignment (fix #22612) (#22627)
Improve checking parameter mismatches for fixed array builtin methods (#22630)
Add tests for checking the new errors for fixed arrays .sort() calls (#22656)
Fix index expr that left is if expr (fix #22654) (#22661)
Fix return type checks, when returning struct values, implementing IError in non-result fn (fix #22659) (fix #22658) (#22660)
App.method field initialisation, for fn fields, initialised with generic methods (#22665)
Allow for f() or { T{} } in a generic method, for fn f() ?T {, being called with T, being a container like []int etc, not just a primitive type like int (#22672)
Allow for f() or { T{} } part 2, see also cc55aa5 (handle the case of an ignored result as well) (#22687)
Fix selector with prefixed & structinit (#22689)
Fix missing check for fn var with generic return inherited to anon fn (fix #19045) (#22683)
Check for receiver name clashing with global var (fix #22698) (#22708)
Fix none check for match expr with option (fix #22728) (#22732)
Fix option map fn type and missing check for result param type (fix #22736) (#22738)
Fix missing info about generic fn var usage without concrete types (fix #22733, #22734) (#22743)
Fix missing check for stack pointer return (fix #22726) (#22756)
Improve static method call resolution (fix #22773) (#22787)
Skip redundant message for int overflows, while casting integer literals (fix #22761) (#22788)
Fix callexpr after auto C func identification (fix #22800) (#22809)
Fix missing auto from_string type restriction (related to #22783) (#22803)
Fix match expr with empty array init expression (#22832)
Disallow foo[T] as a value (#22820)
Fix if expr with empty array init expression (related #22832) (#22841)
Improve the position underlining, for last statements in branches of if expressions (#22845)
Fix generic fn call with empty array argument (fix #22843) (#22846)
Fix missing or-block check for callexpr (fix #22835) (#22840)
Check array builtin method calls, that do need a mutable receiver, but are called on an immutable one (fix #22850) (#22853)
Check alias of array op overloading and fix op overloading (fix #22851) (#22854)
Disallow struct init with mutable_field: const_array (fix #22862) (#22863)
Check struct aliased field unsign type assigning negative value (fix #22868) (#22871)
Fix alias to struct generic type (fix #22866) (#22872)
Fix json.encode_pretty with a struct init expression argument (#22897)
Fix codegen for fixed array initialization with a fn call (fix #22887) (#22891)
Fix or-expr check on invalid method call (fix #22949) (#22950)
Fix mut var option unwrap with != none, support if mut x != none { too (fix #22936) (#22943)
Prevent a compiler panic, while running v -check file.v on files with parser errors (fix #22981) (#22982)
Allow array sort with callexpr (#22989)
Fix $res() used in defer {} blocks with more statements, add a test (#22998)
Fix generec fn returning generic closure (#23047)
Fix generic fn returning generic closure (related #23047) (#23055)
Fix missing checker for cast from mut var to non-ptr type (fix #23017) (#23056)
Check fn call argument mismatch (fix #23016) (#23061)
Fix empty array append multi dims (fix #23092) (#23096)
Fix selector generic or block (fix #23088) (#23102)
Fix veb route method param with non ctx name (fix #23105) (#23107)
Allow fixed array where voidptr is expected (fix #23090) (#23100)
Fix immutable to mutable reference (fix #22653) (#22663)
Fix missing check on range expr when high var is same iteration value var (#23130)
Allow []Enum{len: 10, init: .thing} (fix #23077) (#23165)
Fix option unwrapping and call from option struct field (#23182)
Add a notice for global variable redeclarations (#23162)
Fix assign check, when rechecking for another concrete type (#23212)

Parser improvements

Fix generic struct init detection T{} (#22682)
Improve the assert informations (related #22668) (#22679)
Make C struct fields public and mutable by default (fix #22695) (#22706)
Fix enum redeclaration error (fix #22759) (#22766)
Fix struct field name using keyword (fix #22826) (#22829)
Optimise mark_var_as_used calls, by moving it to an ast.Scope method (#22842)
Optimize method parameter detection in used check (#22915)
Fix block position's last line (#22913)
Support @[must_use] tag for fns/methods, and an experimental -check-result option (#22983)
Allow type as field type on params struct construction (fix #23091) (#23098)
Allow type and other keywords as plain attr value (fix #23150) (#23154)
Support @[tag] for hash statements, like #define and #flag (#23210)

Compiler internals

Add :parse_text to the paths of .v files, printed by -print-v-files, for parse time generated snippets
v.pref: support a _wasm32_emscripten.c.v suffix for platform files too
builder: fix msvc build thirdparty obj file from .cpp (fix #22772) (#22789)
v.util: use temporary workaround for the vinix build problem (when VFLAGS is set, and -ldflags is passed at the same time)
Allow getting notified about unused function params (#22879)
v.scanner: remove Scanner.is_started field (#22918)
v.scanner: fix string interpolation for float e format (fix #22429) (#23147)
cbuilder: remove flto with parallel-cc, it slowed down linking 10x
cbuilder: store split up C files in vtmp
v.builder: integrate more compile/linker options into parallel_cc.v (#23190)
v.builder: prevent passing -x objective-c with -parallel-cc for now
v.builder: move filtering logic for -parallel-cc to parallel_cc.v
v.pref: support -debug and -cdebug, as more explicit alternative names for -g and -cg (#23208)
v.builder: fail the whole v compilation, if linking or compiling during -parallel-cc fails (#23211)
v.pref: implement -no-prod-options to turn off passing -O3 -flto, while still keeping the $if prod { branches (passing custom flags with -cflags -Os already works)
v.builder: support -no-prod-options with -cc msvc as well

Standard library

builtin: improve performance of string.starts_with/1 and string.ends_with/1, when compiled with tcc (#22620)
builtin: improve fixed_array_any_all_test.v (related #22609) (#22621)
builtin: temporary fix fixed_array_any_all_test.v (#22624)
builtin: support -d no_gc_threads for turning off passing -DGC_THREADS=1 while compiling the GC library
encoding.utf8: fix is_punct func (fix #22646) (#22647)
log,time: improve performance for writing a line to a log, add Time.format_rfc3339_micro/0 (#22662)
flag: add missing short flag match in flag.to_struct, add test (#22696)
bitfield: add shift_left/1 and shift_right/1 methods to BitField (#22700)
x.json2: pre-arranging the replacement of the decoder, to match https://github.com/enghitalo/v/tree/decoder2_to_json2 (#22729)
builtin: improve fixed_array_any_all_test.v (#22746)
builtin: add string.is_pure_ascii() (#22748)
os: document the various enum values in os.Signal (#22770)
builtin: fix runes.to_upper() (fix #22742) (#22755)
ci: use os.system to redirect output
vlib: initial addition of x.encoding.asn1 (#22783)
os: work towards being able to again use -autofree while recompiling the V compiler several times
x.encoding.asn1: fix time creation to also accommodate negative timezone offsets (#22861)
vlib: remove modules/functions/fields, deprecated in 2023 (#22750)
term: improve performance of repeated can_show_color_on_stdout and can_show_color_on_stderr calls, by caching their results (#22893)
builtin: make int_min/2 and int_max/2 public
json: mark json_print_pretty/1 with @[markused] (used by cgen)
math.big: use @[manualfree] to workaround -autofree compilation issues with gitly, and other projects using crypto.rand and math.big
x.encoding.asn1: improve performance (#22948)
gg: use a larger fontstash text atlas by default (2048x2048, and customizable), instead of 512x512 (fix #21610) (#22959)
Revert "os: deprecate os.getwd in favor of os.get_current_dir (part 1) (#22966)"
log: tag log.fatal with @[noreturn] (#22986)
runtime: force runtime.nr_jobs() to return 1, while V is bootstrapping itself, from vc/ source, that was compiled with -os cross (fix #22991)
json: fix decode codegen for []&type (fix #23007) (#23010)
os: add os.get_trimmed_lines() too
crypto.sha3: add support for Keccak-256 and Keccak-512 (#23058)
rand: add missing i32 APIs, corresponding to the int ones
math.big: fix assert big.integer_from_int(1) == big.integer_from_bytes([u8(0), 0, 0, 0, 1]) (fix #23115) (#23124)
math: use libc wrappers for math.log2/1, math.log10/1, math.log1p/1 and math.log_b/1; make assert math.log10(10) == 1.0 pass in the common case (#23129)
gg: add icon field to gg.Config, for easier access (fix #23135) (#23138)
math: fix math.log10() for -exclude @vlib/math/*.c.v (fix #23136) (#23140)
json: add primitive type validation (fix #23021) (#23142)
json: fix memory leak on result messages (checked with json_option_raw_test.v, compiled with -fsanitize=address,pointer-compare,pointer-subtract) (#23172)
vlib: add new rand.cuid2 module (#23181)
json: fix memleak on sumtype decoding (#23197)
vlib: enable more satnitized memleak detection runs without false positives on the CI (#23200)
json: fix argument freeing for json.encode and json.encode_pretty calls (#22781)

Web

veb: translations via %translation_key
picoev,net.http: use Time.http_header_string method, to improve performance (#22619)
Do import veb, only for templates that do use functions defined in veb
picoev: support -d picoev_verbose_errors, do not use any naked eprintln by default, since that is a low level module
picoev: fix the incompatible pointer type cast error in the C.epoll_wait call (#22785)
net.mbedtls: define MBEDTLS_THREADING_PTHREAD, in mbedtls_config.h; call C.mbedtls_ssl_conf_read_timeout explicitly in the wrapper, with a shorter timeout value of 317ms (determined experimentally)
veb: fix large file transfer timeout (fix #22489) (#22924)
net.http: send Host headers with port (when the port is != 80 or 443) (fix #22941) (#22942)
net.mbedtls: support compiling with -d mbedtls_client_read_timeout_ms=7000, -d mbedtls_server_read_timeout_ms=60000, and -d trace_mbedtls_timeouts
net.urllib: fix parse of url relative address (fix #21061) (#23180)
veb: fix key value and translation file name (#23203)

ORM

Fix orm.Connection only allowing immutable Connections (#22684)
Fix order by with custom column name (#22813)
Support plain @[serial] attribute for marking struct fields (#22814)
Fix crash when working with array field (fix #22822) (#22824)
Fix list generation and escape loose backtick (#23039)
Fix mark as used var on insert statement (fix #23032) (#23038)
Fix update stmt with enum value (fix #23031) (#23037)

C backend

Fix codegen for fixed array contains - [1,2]! in a (fix #22559) (#22579)
Improve fixed array literal in operation and index calls (#22590)
Add codegen for auto free methods for interface type (#22555)
Add test for #22586 (#22600)
Parser,ast,cgen: do is_builtin sym marking during parse time just once, to save multiple checks later (#22580)
Cache the results of g.base_type/1 (#22613)
Add caching to contains_ptr return (#22605)
Add .write2/2 and .writeln2/2 methods to reduce consecutive write calls (#22610)
Optimise the generated code for returning literal values and option/result values (#22622)
Optimize literal string comparison (string__eq -> vmemcmp) (#22614)
Fix selector indexexpr with fntype on assignment (fix #22635) (#22637)
Fix anon fn with & prefix (fix #22628) (#22638)
Fix struct field init with fixed array using index (fix #22616) (#22641)
Fix interface conversion codegen race issue (fix #22640, #17943) (#22655)
Fix waiter funcs declarations (fix #22640) (#22649)
Improve the assert informations (fix #22666) (#22668)
Fix dump of alias to option fn type (fix #22670) (#22676)
Fix array append map value with or expr (fix #22674) (#22678)
Ensure proper saving/restoring of cgen map[k] := fn () state, when assigning anonymous fns (fix #22705) (#22707)
Implement methods sort_with_compare()/sorted_with_compare() for fixed arrays (#22702)
Implement methods reverse()/reverse_in_place() for fixed arrays (#22712)
Fix ptr field encoding for json (fix #22717) (#22720)
Fix [1, 2, 3]!.map(it * 2) (#22722)
Fix assert [1, 2, 3]!.contains(2) (#22725)
Fix assert [1, 2, 3]!.index(2) == 1 (#22727)
Fix spawn with non-pointer receiver (fix #22718) (#22719)
Fix assert [1, 2, 3]!.reverse() == [3, 2, 1]! (#22745)
Fix codegen for -no-builtin flag (when used separately from -d no_main) (#22765)
Apply the a in [x,y,z] optimisation for ast.IndexExpr and ast.SelectorExpr again (#22767)
Fix codegen to emit callexpr one time for in expr optimization (#22764)
Fix c codegen formatting for return match (#22768)
Avoid generation of empty or blocks for f() or {} (#22775)
Fix struct field name using c keyword typeof (fix #22779) (#22782)
Remove unused code generated for unwrapping temp var from callexpr (detect unused return value from CallExpr), fix parser bugs (#22769)
Enable if guard to add err var on else branch, after last else if (fix #22784) (#22786)
Fix option struct default value init with -cstrict (spotted in #22783) (#22802)
Fix codegen for fn fixed array param w/ size defined by const (fix #22811) (#22812)
Fix wrong type resolution on infix (#22804)
Fix default T{} when T is ref type + dereferencing issue when comparing int alias to int (fix #22795) (#22807)
Fix generation of a missing return in return if cond { x } else { return missing } (fix #22838) (#22839)
Fix generic static method call return type resolution (#22865)
Fix array fixed code generation for more than 1 dimension (fix #22866) (#22876)
Fix codegen for $if in an if expression, when compiled with -g (fix #22873) (#22888)
Make errors more informative (resolve empty panics) (related: #21184) (#22898)
Generate json array line on uniform indent lvl (#22899)
Fix codegen for returning a fixed array as a result (fix #22894) (#22896)
Fix codegen for alias type interface methods (fix #22901) (#22902)
Fix codegen for assigning aliased fixed array (fix #22907) (#22909)
Fix codegen for returning option aliased fixed array (fix #22910, fix #22911) (#22912)
Fix aliases of fixed array infix expression (fix #22925) (#22928)
Fix aliases of fixed array append to array (fix #22926) (#22929)
Fix option unwrap for fields of interface type (fixes #22930) (#22931)
Fix aliased fixed array option fn call (fix #22927) (#22934)
Move the msvc compiler does not support inline assembly to cgen (so it will only get triggered, when ASM blocks are still present, in what is passed to cgen)
Fix dump fixed array on array append (fix #22935) (#22940)
Fix enum value string interpolation, like its declared enum underlying type (fix #22938) (#22945)
Allow unwrapping of x as string expr, when x is a ?string value (#22953)
Fix codegen for result/option propagation out of fn context (fix #22961) (#22963)
Fix codegen for option on concatexpr (fix #22951) (#22964)
Reduce code for returning and extra whitespaces on return (#22967)
Allow unwrapping of foo.bar as string, where foo.bar is ?string (fix #22960) (#22973)
Add thread timing stats too, on -show-timings -stats (#22990)
Patch missing gettid() on glibc < 2.30 (#22987)
Fix array fixed on update expr and alias type to multi dimension of fixed array (fix #22971) (#22972)
Fix sumtype with embedded struct of option field (fix #22984) (#22996)
Fix autostr for interface with circular type (fix #23022) (#23026)
Fix array.delete_many() codegen (fix #23024) (#23025)
Fix callexpr or-expr codegen on const decl (fix #23029) (#23043)
Fix struct update embed expr for fixed arrays (fix #22999) (#23040)
Fix update expr with embed fixed array with multiple dimensions (fix #23048) (#23049)
Fix cast interface value in match expr (#23068)
Prevent too long lines in array initialisations (#23074)
Fix smartcast codegen for msvc (#23084)
Fix option codegen for accept IError value (fix #23076) (#23085)
Fixed for in loop with generic fixed array (fix #23075) (#23101)
Fix printing fn call of returning c struct value (fix #23104) (#23106)
Fix array fixed comparison from fn return (fix #23071) (#23114)
Fix array map to fixed array (fix #23116) (#23118)
Fix codegen for returning different option alias type (fix #23087) (#23125)
Fix for in for interface type (fix #23119) (#23127)
Fix codegen for generic selector expr (fix #22974) (#23132)
Fix different option alias type as fn arg (fix #23086) (#23131)
Fix codegen for returning option reference from indexexpr (fix #23133) (#23139)
Fix array fixed auto str on -cstrict (#23144)
Fix codegen for array append on indexexpr (fix #23156) (#23160)
Fix assert for alias to fixed array (fix #23149) (#23161)"
Fix auto eq for fixed array (fix #23149) (#23169)
Fix fixed array option cast with none (fix #23164) (#23168)
Fix selector call with reserved c name (fix #23170) (#23175)
Parser,checker,cgen,fmt: fix array fixed option initialization (none) (complete #23164) (#23176)
Fix option fn with voidptr arg (fix #23170 for !=tcc too) (#23179)
Fix missing validation for selector unwrapping + fix default return none for unwrapping (#23183)
Fix assign optional aliases of fixed array (fix #23185) (#23188)
Fix struct field init with optional fixed array (fix #23193, fix #23195) (#23199)
Reduce RAM usage, by avoiding a .str() call, for the final string builder, containing the final C program, used to write it to a file (#23226)

vfmt

Add support for comments inside sql db { ... } blocks (fix #22601) (#22602)
Fix formatting fixed array size of struct member (#22815)
Fix formating non-unsafe blocks with break line (fix #22900) (#22903)
Fix shared receiver formatting (fix #23151) (#23153)

Tools

ci: add benchmark_footprint_json_decode.yml and benchmark_footprint_json_encode.yml (#22592)
Use a ~same~ label, when the results in v repeat are not different enough
Allow for fast exiting in compare_pr_to_master.v through Ctrl-C (or any failed command)
ci: fix failing jobs after 4ed9d13 (#22606)
Discard the top 7 results for each 10 runs, from v repeat runs, done by compare_pr_to_master.v, to reduce σ on machines with more varied load
Allow for v repeat -N ./cmd/tools/vtest_test, by adding a -N/--no_vexe_reset option to v repeat
Show more details in compare_pr_to_master.v
ci: fix failing musl jobs after 2684ef9 (#22667)
ci: run zizmor .github/workflows/paths_ci.yml and fix reported issues (#22681)
Show the full test output, on known flaky test failure with v test folder/ (#22716)
Change v test to allow for // vtest hide_retries so that retry_test.v can hide its own (deliberate) retries
ci: rename one of the duplicate main_test.v files, to reduce false positives (workaround)
Fix v doctor output for missing cc. Add a diagnostic line checking for emcc --version too
ci: run v fmt -w vlib/v/pref/should_compile.v
ci: reduce flakyness of cmd/tools/vcover/cover_test.v (workaround for a race condition while updating the OK tasks counter in v test)
Improve the diagnostic output of compare_pr_to_master.v
ci: add a problem matcher support, to get error/warning/notice annotations in V CI jobs (#22790)
Bump default v retry timeout to 10 minutes, clarify the usage of its --timeout option.
ci: fix Build V
ci: silence compilation warning for bench_string_key_in_map_vs_string_value_in_array.v
ci: fix vinix_ci.yml for latest Vinix commits (#22818)
Improve output of compare_pr_to_master.v
Use v retry in more places, that do network operations that can fail temporarily (#22836)
Allow for v download -RD URL/script.vsh, to download script.vsh, then run it locally, then remove it, in a single command
v.help: add topic for v help retry
v.help: add help topic for v help repeat
ci,v.help: work around -autofree bugs, fix ./v -autofree -o v2 cmd/v
ci: add .yml file for testing compilation of Larpon's Shy library and the Puzzle Vibes game (#22874)
ci: check more compile flag combinations in puzzle_vibes_ci.yml
Fix compilation of hw with vnew -> vold, in compare_pr_to_master.v
ci: fix for v build-tools
ci: check that more apps/modules do compile with -skip-unused (#22904)
vet: make v vet produce a nicer note, including the offending files, instead of file.v (#22957)
ci: extract the VTL&VSL jobs from v_apps_and_modules_compile_ci.yml to vsl_and_vtl_compile_ci.yml
Make oldv aware of when to pass -no-parallel when bootstrapping V from v.c (fix #22990, part 2)
markused: only add .vtest_ functions, when compiling _test.v files (#23003)
Improve oldv compatibility for using new stricter C compilers like clang-18, to compile older V versions from 2020 and 2019
Use -Wno-error=incompatible-pointer-types in oldv, which is more permissive than just -Wno-error=incompatible-function-pointer-types, and works with gcc too, not just clang
Describe more precisely what commands are used by oldv, so it can fail early, with a meaningful error message, if they are not present.
ci: fix ROADMAP.md checks (#23059)
vrepl: shrink .repl inputs, so repl_test.v runs faster
ci: update compile_v_with_vtcc.sh, enable its CI task again (#23063)
ci: extract .github/workflows/compile_discordv.sh, enable its CI step again
json2.decoder2: prepare decoder in json2 to be replaced by json2.decode2 (#23078)
Let oldv fail early, when git fails to do network operations or checkouts
ci: fix for -cc tcc -no-retry-compilation, do not use more complex constants, but functions in vlib/math/vec/vec2_test.v
ci: fix option_fn_voidptr_test.v after a200c45
ci: make the CI more robust, by retrying commands and v download instead of wget (#23196)
ci: use v retry -- v setup-freetype to make the CI more robust against random network failures
ci: change exec name for parallel cc
ci: speed up again sanitizer runs (#23222)

Operating System support

builder: change linuxroot repo URL to https://github.com/vlang/linuxroot
ci: test -os linux cross compilation on macOS
ci: test the cross compilation from macos to linux sooner, show more information
ci: move the macos->linux check even higher, to make easier testing and diagnosing linuxroot update failures
orm: cross compile pg to linux; openssl: make cross compile work
ci: use macos-14 instead of macos-12 because of actions/runner-images#10721
ci: macos_ci.vsh
ci: fmt macos_ci.vsh
ci: use thew new macos_ci.vsh (github)
ci: improve output of macos_ci.vsh
ci: extract ci/common/runner.v, use it to simplify ci/macos_ci.vsh even more
ci: fix spurious failures for printing_struct_with_thread_field.vv on windows
net.http: ensure that http.download_file_with_progress/3 works (in a degraded mode), on windows, even without passing -d no_vschannel
builder: fix cross compiling from linux to windows, when passing -g/-cg
docs: update the documentation of the @[console] tag, add advice to use -subsystem windows instead
Make compare_pr_to_master.v use /opt/homebrew/bin/gtime on macos, and a pure V fallback, not just for windows
ci,thirdparty: enable MBEDTLS_THREADING_PTHREAD and MBEDTLS_THREADING_C only on Linux for now (fix windows CI)
thirdparty: enable MBEDTLS_THREADING_C and MBEDTLS_THREADING_PTHREAD on FreeBSD too
os: use _wputenv instead of _putenv to stay in sync with _wgetenv (fix changing env variables with non ASCII content on windows) (#22920)
ci: avoid false positives for the existing PRs, by comment out the task V self compilation with -usecache on macos for now (#23145)
ci: linux_ci.vsh; cgen: parallel-cc fixes
ci: remove extra EOL from linux_ci.yml (#23187)
Fix profile time on windows (#23227)

Comptime

Add typeof(var).indirections and T.indirections (#22805)
Add typeof(expr).unaliased_typ (#22806)
Allow sumtype init by variant comptime var T(v) / SumType(v) (#22664)
Fix missing bool AttributeKind.kind (#23159)
Fix comptime T.methods with generic types and interface checking with is operator (fix #22721) (#22724)

Examples

Fix some of the instructions in examples/thread_safety/ (#22571)
builder,pref: fix ./v -os linux examples/json.v on macos (#22651)
Add examples/assets/v.svg and examples/assets/v_16x16.svg
v.comptime: fix compilation of examples/veb/veb_example.v with V compiled with tcc on macos
ci: ensure that all examples can still be compiled, by v compiled with tcc on macos
Add poll_coindesk_bitcoin_vs_usd_rate.v
Simplify and reorder output of poll_coindesk_bitcoin_vs_usd_rate.v
builtin: fix v -skip-unused -cc tcc examples/hello_world.v on *BSD
net.mbedtls: bump mbedtls_ssl_conf_read_timeout value to 550ms (tested with v run examples/net_t.v)
Add a cpu_features/ folder, with several examples, using SSE and MMX assembly instructions (#22645)
v.builder: fix ./v -check -stats examples/hello_world.v
docs: add a small sumtype match example in the Match section too
Add TextScanner .skip_whitespace/0, .peek_u8/0, .peek_n_u8/0, add examples/mini_calculator_recursive_descent.v (#23001)
Reduce completion friction, when doing the very common v run examples/hello_world.v in a shell

V 0.4.8

28 Sep 2024

Improvements in the language

A new implements keyword for explicit interface implementation
Allow multi return as fn argument (#21991)
Define a default sumtype value (based on the first variant type) (#22039)
Remove the obsolete .code and .msg fields of IError (#22066)
Fix generic lambda type binding and resolution (#22083)
Comptime support for traversing the method parameters with $for param in method.params { (#22229)
Show missing variants in the sum type error
A much better and detailed unmatched fn arg error
Add support for @BUILD_DATE, @BUILD_TIME and @BUILD_TIMESTAMP, all using v.util.get_build_time(), and overridable through SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH (#22213)

Breaking changes

Deprecate x.vweb and vweb in favor of veb, a faster, easier, and more stable framework.

Checker improvements/fixes

Disallow static fn call when receiver type is unknown (#21970)
Fix sumtype checking for voidptr variant (#21955)
Check comptime veb.html('index.html') (#21961)
Check if a parent generic struct has concrete types or not (#21962)
Add support for static methods in @FN and @METHOD (#21990)
Add a deprecation warning for const () groups (an error after 2025-01-01) (#22019)
Improve -d trace_checker and error diagnostic information on compiler panics
Add error when initializing sumtype with struct as first type (#22067)
Add infix checks for nil (#22045)
Fix map generic fn arg passing (#22071)
Disallow using a preexisting const name in a for loop, as either a key or value ident (#22108)
Fix generic lambda type binding resolution (fix #22109) (#22115)
Fix array alias (#22175)
Restrict multiple union fields initialised at once with a nicer checker error, instead of producing an enigmatic error at cgen time (#22196)
Fix compilation of vlib/v/slow_tests/assembly/asm_test.amd64.v (regression after dfc0c91)
Add missing check for ref passing to non-ref (#22194)
Check struct implements non interface type (fix #22200) (#22218)
Suggest using the @[_allow_multiple_values] attribute, when declaring enums that have duplicate values (#22224)
Check for duplicate interface names in the implements parts of struct declarations (#22230)
Fix missing struct field type checking for type mismatch (ref vs non-ref in mt sync.Mutex = sync.new_mutex()) (fix #18088) (#21949)
Fix fntype var marked as auto heap (#22290)
Check array.delete() argument mismatch (#22307)
Add missing check for duplicated items on in expr (fix #22305) (#22308)
Disallow infix expr on left side of assign (#22322)
Fix array fixed return type for interface methods (#22320)
Check arguments mismatch of array.sorted_with_compare() (fix #22327) (#22328)
Add an error for returning an any value in pure V code (prevents invalid cgen) (fix #12623) (#22334)
Cleanup the checking of array method calls (#22338)
Fix voidptr type checking (#21923)

Parser improvements

Fix lots of parser panics, discovered through fuzzing with radamsa
Improve the error for keyword lock, used as a variable name (#21937)
Improve the error message position for invalid array attr keys (#21944)
Fix const field str() (#21998)
Update @include in templates, to work with relative paths & prevent recursive calls (#21943)
Check fn call args without comma between them (related #22021) (#22075)
parser,scanner,ast: make the scanner and parser more robust, by implementing more limits (preventing panics, discovered by fuzzing)
Protect against too deep recursion in Expr.pos() calls
Check too many layers embedded generic type (fix #22089) (#22091)
Cache ident lookups for consts in ast Expr str (#22101)
Improve Type and TypeFlag related operations (#22107)
Fix parsing map value inside or expr (fix #12164) (#22180)
Fix const field str() (#22192)
Fix .${var} used in a template, compiled by $tmpl() (fix #22231) (#22270)
Check enum method duplicated (fix #20924) (#22294)

Compiler internals

scanner: guard against scanner panic, discovered by fuzzing in PR#22016
v.builder: show the thirdparty object compilation commands too, when using -showcc (when the cache is empty)
builder: allow for v -dump-defines - -check cmd/v, which is faster, because it can skip code generation
Reduce allocations for the most common cases (#22142)
transformer: add support for instrumenting the V compiler with -d trace_transformer

Standard library

encoding.base58: fix notice for slice creation (#21935)
gg: reset ctx.mouse_d? and ctx.scroll_? at the end of each frame (fix #21945) (#21946)
builtin: v_segmentation_fault_handler signal_number i32
builtin: fix 'aaaa'.split('aa') (fix #21936) (#21951)
builtin: panic on trying to grow arrays with capacity bigger than 2^31, instead of overflowing a.cap (partial fix for #21918) (#21947)
gg: add a note that Context.new_streaming_image has to be called after Sokol's setup
gg: add more documentation comments for gg.Config (the parameters of gg.start and gg.new_context)
regex: fix regex.split() (fix #16876) (#21953)
json: increase test cases before enabling sumtype decode in all json libraries (#21958)
gg: change the type of gg.DrawImageConfig.rotate from int to f32
gg: deprecate gg.DrawImageConfig.rotate, in favor of gg.DrawImageConfig.rotation, improve the documentation comments (#21963)
x.crypto.chacha20: make Cipher struct public (fix #21967) (#21968)
tmpl: fix an extra newline in @for; builtin: some i64 fixes
gg: add an optional size: parameter to the .draw_pixels and .draw_pixel methods (defaults to 1.0)
sokol: update to match upstream at c0e0563 (#21971)
Add support for Any in decode_struct, encode_struct and to_any (#21972)
crypto.cipher: make Stream.xor_key_stream implementers require a mutable receiver (#21974)
sokol.audio: fix ./v -cc clang-18 -gc none simple_bytebeat.v (the audio depends on threads)
time: d,c,dd,ddd,dddd pattern support for parse_format() (#22003)
flag: add optional value description to string parameters (#22024)
flag: add custom value descriptions for bool, int, and float flags too (#22032)
flag: fix assigning to @[tail] field when no fields has been matched yet in flag.parse[T]() (#22043)
crypto: add a crypto.pbkdf2 module (#22047)
hash: add more methods to the hash.Hash interface, to match the ones in Go (#22001)
arrays: simplify arrays.sum and arrays.reduce (#22076)
x.json2: support @[skip] as well (#22077)
builtin,thirdparty: fix compilation of libgc with -cc msvc -gc boehm (thanks to @Ekopalypse)
stbi: change Image.data from voidptr to &u8, to reduce casts (#21977)
time: update parse_format comment description in parse.c.v (#22104)
vlib: add an arrays.parallel module, containing parallel.run/3 and parallel.amap/3 implementations (#22090)
builtin: support -d builtin_print_use_fprintf, make the C fn declarations stricter (#22137)
builtin: fix map.clear() not resetting map's metas and keys blocks (fix #22139) (#22140)
builtin: fix incomplete m.clear(), allowing the map to have a duplicated entry for its first key (fix #22143) (#22144)
builtin: fix m.clear() having different observable behavior to m = {}, after multiple iterations of setting keys and clearing (fix #22145) (#22146)
builtin: fix bug in .clear() caused by sizeof(u32) being 4, not 2 (fix #22148)
flag: add support for parsing flag.FlagParser style flags in to_struct[T] (#22152)
flag: fix parse_bool_value() (#22160)
flag: correct bool logic, add test (#22162)
flag: fix parsing flag.FlagParser style short flags in to_struct[T] (#22172)
gg: change the type of PenConfig.thickness to f32
builtin: remove remaining references to v_calloc in function comments (#22179)
builtin: remove string interpolation from panic/1, to be able to use tools like cbmc in more cases (#22182)
flag: add a relaxed parsing mode, that turn flag match errors into no_match entries instead (#22191)
encoding.binary: add u16/u32/u64 -> []u8 conversion functions (#22193)
crypto.sha1, crypto.sha256, crypto.sha3, crypto.sha512: improve performance for non prod builds, by tagging the block_generic functions with @[direct_array_access]
builtin: fix string.trim() (fix #13021) (#22205)
crypto.bcrypt: reduce runtime cost for running bcrypt_test.v, by reducing the iteration count
crypto.scrypt: add a new scrypt module to vlib/crypto (#22216)
sync.stdatomic: add OpenSUSE paths for libatomic
crypto.scrypt: add missing comment of source for test vector (#22222)
json: allow passing an anon struct as a decode type (#22228)
flag: fix parse_bool_value() with different order short args (fix #22176) (#22242)
builtin: drop C in int.v (#22245)
strconv: fix format_fl()/format_es() (fix #13210) (#22244)
json: fix decoding of structs with embeds (#22264)
crypto.rand: add support for convenient generation of a random big integer in the interval [0, n) (#22266)
json: fix json encode/decode with embed support (#22277)
io: add a BufferedWriter and supporting methods (#22265)
vlib: add a go like x.benchmark module, that estimates automatically how many iterations are needed, to get a statistically significant result (#22215)
math: document q_rsqrt
io: make buffered_writer_test.v more robust
builtin: enable GC lib on rv64 build (#22319)
json: support null sum types in decode()
crypto: ecdsa module (on top of openssl)
bench: crypto/ecdsa.v
math.big: fix a + b and a - b, when the signs are different, add more test cases (#22330)

Web

Check for using comptime $veb.html()/$vweb.html(), without importing veb or vweb (#21957)
net: add net.Dialer and net.Connection interfaces, abstracting the different types of connections, already supported by the V network stack (#21657)
net.mbedtls: support Server Name Indication (SNI) (#22012)
veb: extract constants into consts.v (#22132)
vweb: mark vweb as deprecated in its README, recommending using veb instead (#22131)
veb: fix vweb_livereload reference to veb_livereload (#22171)
veb: fix a few minor errors in the README.md (#22177)
net.mbedtls: store the client ip (for ipv4), shutdown on handshake failure, in .accept() (#22184)
veb: implicit context
veb: make implicit context work with custom user types
net.websocket: use retrying on EINTR in Client.listen() (#22279)
net: allow ipv6 address with brackets (fix #22313) (#22316)

Database drivers

db.sqlite: add instructions for installing SQLite's amalgamation or development package, if it is missing

C backend

Fix struct ref field with no ref structinit (#21932)
Define a flexible vint_t type (32 bit int on 32 bit systems, 64 bit otherwise)
Fix generic sumtype with repeated concrete type (#21948)
Fix array.map with closure var fn (#22002)
Fix generation of closures from methods on aliases (#22004)
Reduce indentation level for generated defer statements
Fix selector with interface var (#22006)
Fix free method generation for option struct (#22060)
Fix fixed array with default init (#22059)
Fix for loop with array fixed returned from fn (#22069)
Fix free method for option fields (#22070)
Fix auto free method for option map (fix #22081) (#22094)
Return early from autofree related functions, when -autofree is not used
Fix shared object method call (fix #22121) (#22125)
Fix array fixed initialization from map indexing (fix #22133) (#22149)
Fix generic options with reserved ident (#22164)
Fix struct field with default optional value (fix #11119) (#22167)
Fix array of fns index call with embeded array index (fix #17381) (#22198)
Fix match with mut cond variable (#22207)
Fix code generated for indexexpr with complex assigning (#22203)
Fix interface type generation for generic struct (fix #22186) (#22189)
Fix wrong type of vint_t and const riscv64 (#22251)
Fix code for C ident when ptr is expected (#22259)
Fix C name mangling with inherited closure vars (fix #22262) (#22263)
Fix codegen for alias to charptr passed as ptr (fix #9679) (#22271)
Fix codegen for option fntype used in a match (fix #22278) (#22280)
Fix option cast from fntype (fix #22283, #22284) (#22285)
Fix codegen for method call on rangeexpr (fix #12610) (#22291)
Fix operation overload for type aliases of fixed arrays (fix #22297) (#22304)
Fix codegen for assign from unsafeexpr resulting fixed array (fix #22301) (#22309)
Fix variadic arg var passed to another call which expects variadic (fix #22315) (#22317)
Fix aliases of array insert(...)/prepend(...) (fix #22323) (#22324)
Fix codegen for interface method call which returns a fixed array (fix #22326) (#22331)
Add asm to c_reserved, fixes compilation of struct Abc { @asm int } (#22340)
Fix interface method call after smartcast (fix #17056) (#22335)
Fix codegen for address of range (fix #18528) (#22336)

vfmt

Allow align threshold to be parametrized in calls to add_new_info (#21942)
Fix and simplify align of struct fields (#21995)
Fix alignment of enumeration types (#21999)
Fix enum fields with one empty line (#22007)
Fix fmt of enum fields with empty line (#22015)
Fix alignment of struct init fields (#22025)
Keep empty newlines in between interface fields/methods (#22040)
Fix interface fields or methods with empty newlines (#22046)
Fix enum/struct_decl/struct_init fields with empty newlines (#22051)
Fix interface fields/methods alignment (#22055)
Remove the prefixed module name of const names, that are in the same module (related #22183) (#22185)
Fix import selective with interface implements (fix formatting part of #22200) (#22209)
Add a test for fn with c binding type args (#22212)
Fix formating a file in an oscillating manner (fix #22223, fix #22026) (#22232)

Tools

Implement a -repeats/-R N option to v repeat, to eliminate another need for platform dependent scripting
ci: add hub_docker_ci.yml, for building docker images (triggered manually for now) (#22302)
ci: use docker compose instead of docker-compose (see https://github.com/orgs/community/discussions/116610) (#21992)
vrepl: suppress the welcome message, if VQUIET is set (#21941)
Make v where ignore .git/ folders (they contain binary files); let -dir . work recursively, so that -dir vlib works
Sort the match results in the vwhere test, to make it less flaky (#22033)
Add an amalgamate tool and description of usage (#22034)
Add a few missing v command entries and their flags in v complete (#22041)
Colorise the output of cmd/tools/show_ancient_deprecations.v, reduce false positives (#22048)
docs: clarify the .precision specification section for string interpolation of floats (#22061)
docs: add a copy code function (top/right copy icon) on doc examples (#22114)
Allow passing parameters to fuzz_v_parser_with_radamsa.sh, so that it could be run in several processes from the same folder
Use separate .autofuzz.log files too for the separate invocations of fuzz_v_parser_with_radamsa.sh
Extract .github/workflows/run_sanitizers.sh to ease local testing with different options
parser,ast: protect against more overflows/panics, by forcing early returns on deeply nested expressions and scopes (#22098)
Improve the output of v repeat command, by coloring the faster/slower label
Add diagnostic in v repeat for invalid combinations of -r, -i and -a flags
Fix v doc truncating code blocks, that lack a specific language (fix #22017)
v.util: add get_build_time/0, supporting https://reproducible-builds.org/docs/source-date-epoch/
Fix v doc not converting <s> in plain code blocks into encoded html entities in its .html output
ci: run npx prettier --write **.yml; ensure it is run on all .yml files, not just the ones in the .github/workflows/ folder
docs: add implements keyword for explicit interface implementations (#22214)
Make fast_job.v more robust (setup a custom PATH) and informative on fast.v failures (compile it with -g)
Make fast.v and fast_job.v more self sufficient
ci: add cache and trigger for pushes, in the Hub docker action (#22314)

Operating System support

docs: streamline the installation instructions and notes for Windows and Ubuntu
v.builder: fix errors in cstrict mode on OpenBSD with clang (#22154)
thirdparty: fix compilation of programs using miniz.h on macos
crypto.rand: fix compilation on macos with -cc tcc -no-retry-compilation -gc none
thirdparty: fix compilation of thirdparty/mbedtls with tcc on macos m1
v.pkgconfig: fix parser, when includedir= lines, had trailing spaces (fix -d use_openssl for openssl 3.3.2 installed through brew on macos)
builtin: fix compilation with tcc on OpenBSD using libgc (#22234)
docs: add FreeBSD in cross compilation section (#22249)
v.builder: enable LTO for clang on OpenBSD (#22247)
thirdparty: fix compilation of programs using miniz.h on OpenBSD (#22254)
net: fix compilation on windows (use casts to int for net.error_eintr etc)
net: use explicit int casts for net.error_eintr etc in the unix implementation too for consistency with the windows one

Examples

Remove drag_n_drop.v from the list of examples, that are checked for visual differences with vgret, since it now uses the default gg font
docs: add more C interop notes and examples (#21965)
cleanup obsolete unsafe{} usages in examples/sokol/sounds
cleanup & fix the sound produced by melody.v
add a simplified bytebeat player to show how to use sokol.audio, and that does not depend on gg
make rotating_textured_quad.v compile and run on Android (#21987)
veb: change example description, to avoid repetitive wording (ease debugging of issue#22017)
eval: fix ./v interpret examples/hanoi.v
add examples/ttf_font/draw_static_text.v, to make it easier to test x.ttf with different fonts, and texts
make draw_static_text.v show the font name too, for easier comparisons
prevent cliping of long font names in draw_static_text.v
docs: add an example on how to use Options/Results, when returning multiple values from a function (#22099)
add examples/gg/draw_unicode_text_with_gg.v, for easy comparison of how different fonts and unicode texts will look, when rendered by gg
add examples/veb/websocket, to show how to use http connection upgrade to a websocket, from a veb route (#22128)
migrate vweb examples to veb
fix type in veb_example.v
add gc_is_enabled() check to 2048 to prevent crash in Android emulator (#22274)
make gg/rectangles.v Android friendly (#22275)
make gg/stars.v run on android (#22276)
examples,os: add an os.asset module, use it to simplify code in examples/, by removing $if android { checks (#22281)
add a consistent background to flappylearning, shown when the height of the view is very high (on Android)

V 0.4.7

26 Jul 2024

Improvements in the language

Add support for -d ident=value and retrieval in code via $d('ident', <default value>)
-warn-about-allocs for debugging allocations when using manual memory management
@[freed] attribute for assign statements (for the above mode)
Implement &&= and ||= operators (#21678)
Improve C var args interop, allow for fn f(some int, ...) { (#21812)
A new flag -n for skipping notes (similar to -w for skipping warnings)
Cross compilation to FreeBSD

Breaking changes

none

Checker improvements/fixes

Fix unknown fixed array size for const n = int(sizeof(u64)); _ = [n]int{} (fix #21544) (#21548)
Fix checking of default field initialisations, that are part of unions of structs tagged with @[noinit] (#21587)
Disallow sum type with Result variants (#21620)
Add error for field map (i.e. a plain untyped map), used inside a struct (#21625)
Fix missing concrete type checking on a generic type specifier (#21614)
Fix missing option and result wrong type return type definition (#21626)
Turn warnings for private fields into errors (#21296)
Support nested labeled for statements (#21658)
Fix the return type of overloaded operators, defined on aliases of primitive types (fix #21654) (#21663)
Fix match expr with auto promote number (#21696)
Fix sorting compare fn with mut reference parameter (fix #21662) (#21706)
Fix $if x { condition, using const x = $d('ident', false) (fix #21709) (#21713)
Fix generic variable resolution on generic func return assignment (#21712)
Fix result call or_block with multi-statements (fix #21504) (#21717)
Allow \uxxxxx in raw strings (#21724)
Limit recursion in Checker.ensure_type_exists/2 to 40 levels (it is usually 4 or less) (#21734)
Add error for field [$d('x', 2)]int = [1, 2]! (#21741)
Fix nested if expr method call (#21773)
Fix generic inference in if expressions used in assignments (#21781)
Disallow nil in non-nil arrays and vice versa (#21786)
Check expr evaluated but not used (fix #21436) (#21816)
Fix wrong receiver generic resolution with embed types (#21833)
Check mismatch of fn call mut argument (fix #21857) (#21873)
Fix global fixed array key resolution when it is a constant ident (#21900)
Improve checks for embed in anon struct (#21877)
Fix builtin fn var resolving (#21899)
Fix spawn when calling undefined function (#21906)
Require enum values to be declared, before using them in other enum values (#21913)
Check enum field value duplicate (#21920)
Allow embed of type alias anon struct (#21928)

Parser improvements

Register selective import aliases as used (#21613)
Allow multiple flag values in enum.from() for flag enums (fix #21569) (#21615)
Disallow duplicate operator overload (#21675)
Support [$d('s', 4)]int{}, move resolving to method on ComptimeCall (#21701)
Support $d() in fixed size array struct fields (#21731)
Suggest using type alias when defining methods on non-local types (#21803)
Sugggest map initialization with the correct syntax (#21817)
Fix parameter collision for generated @[flag] enum methods, with modules named flag (#21844)
Fix high order generic fn resolution (#21871)
Fix recognition of mod.Enum.val inside fn args (#21908)

Compiler internals

tools,cgen,pref: add -coverage support + vcover tool (#21154)
v.utils: allow to set the names of the compared items, when diffing strings (#21650)
v.pref: fix regression of command flags not working, when there is a subfolder, named after the command, in the current working folder (#21647)
transformer: handle enum_variant = some_const + 10 (fix #21777) (#21779)
v.builder: print the suggestion for using v xyz instead of v xyz.v just once (#21801)
v.builder: improve the C compilation output on cgen errors (#21885)
v.scanner: use table lookups for very frequently done character checks (#21931)
markused: mark explicitly all used array and map methods with -skip-unused (fix #21907) (#21914)

Standard library

builtin,v: reduce overhead and memory usage for very frequently called methods (#21540)
builtin: reduce allocations in s.index_kmp/1 and s.replace/2 (#21561)
os: remove mut declarions for unchanged vars in os_nix.c.v (#21564)
os: make minior improvement to C function semantics and related code (#21565)
builtin: simplify splint_nth methods (#21563)
toml: fix @[toml: ], support @[skip] (#21571)
builtin: update last_index_u8, deprecate index_u8_last string methods, make consistent with last_index (#21604)
builtin: implement a JS version of string.split_any (#21612)
crypto: add a crypto.sha3 hash and extended output functions (#21664)
crypto.sha3: remove unnecessary return at the end of the write function (#21669)
builtin: fix string.find_between(), when not found end string return '' (#21670)
builtin: add string.camel_to_snake/0 and string.snake_to_camel/0 methods (#21679)
cgen,x.json2: fix generic map decoding (#21704)
encoding.base32: fix warning of implicit clone of array, by using an explicit unsafe block (#21728)
vlib: simplify byte character conditions by using methods like is_capital, is_lower, is_letter etc (#21725)
gg: add Context.draw_cubic_bezier_recursive/2 and Context.draw_cubic_bezier_recursive_scalar/9 (#21749)
ci: fix deprecations_consts.out (the warning for math.max_i8 is now an error; it was deprecated since 2023-12-31)
math: add divide_truncated/2, divide_euclid/2, divide_floored/2 and modulo_truncated/2, modulo_euclid/2, modulo_floored/2 (#21759)
math: avoid unused calculations for math.modulo_floored/2 and math.modulo_euclid/2
crypto.blowfish: apply @[direct_array_access] to very commonly used functions (#21771)
encoding.binary: little_endian_f32_at
arrays: add arrays.chunk_while/2, where arrays.chunk_while([0,9,2,2,3,2],fn(x int,y int)bool{return x<=y})==[[0,9],[2,2,3],[2]]
sokol: reduce _SGL_DEFAULT_MAX_VERTICES back to 1<<17 (1<<22 in 811ac12, leads to ~140MB of memory usage for gg/minimal.v, instead of just ~38MB)
vrepl: fix os.input() (#21811)
Improve consistency and behavior regarding explicit mutability (#21566)
builtin: add pub fn arguments() []string {; make os.args use it, remove edge case in cgen (#21852)
builtin: support -d use_bundled_libgc to make it easier to debug/upgrade reliably libgc cloned from ivmai/bdwgc (#21869)
time: increase http_header_string performance (#21894)
builtin: add s.trim_space_left/0 and s.trim_space_right/0 methods (#21903)
strconv,math.bits: eliminate bounds checking in commonly used routines
arrays: fix arrays.fold, when the init value in the call, is an array (#21921)
string: fix leak in replace_once

Web

net.http: change default http.Server listening address to :9009, to avoid conflicts with tools, that start their own http servers on 8080 like bytehound (#21570)
net.urllib: update parse host to allow for better error handling (#21602)
net.html: quick workaround for a cgen problem for const x = int(0x80000000)
net.http: implement http.download_file_with_progress/2, saving each chunk, as it is received, without growing the memory usage (#21633)
veb: update import name in docs (#21668)
Add m3u8 MIME type application/vnd.apple.mpegurl for multimedia playlists (#21688)
veb.auth: use constant time comparison in compare_password_with_hash (#21693)
net.http: correct Response.status() method comment, to indicate returning of a Status enum field, instead of struct (#21735)
net: fix TcpConn.peer_ip/0 to only return the ip address, without the port number (#21831)
Add mime type text/x-vlang, for .v and .vsh file extensions (#21851)
net.conv: add conv.reverse_bytes_u64/u32/u16 (#21917)

ORM

orm: fix subquery without where expr (#21598)
orm: ilike for case insensitive text search
orm: update readme with more specifics (#21697)

Database drivers

Native backend

C backend

Fix printing of floating point values in asserts (#21538)
Fix array fixed initialization on struct from call (#21568)
Put the Interface(unsafe{nil}) change for now behind -experimental (#21593)
Fix indexexpr with orexpr (fix #21591) (#21592)
Fix generic struct init when it is a reference &T (fix #21594) (#21596)
Fix generated code for handling fn call with result/option return on match conditional (#21608)
Fix missing call to a function returning option, when called inside a print (fix #21616) (#21623)
Support a -d no_bool option, for cgen compatibility with the C23 language standard (since bool is a builtin type and a keyword in it) (#21637)
Fix or expr with non option fn call return (fix #21660) (#21661)
Generate pragmas for gcc-14, to make it more relaxed by default. Support -no-relaxed-gcc14 for turning them off. (#21680)
Fix spawn code generated when calling conditional function (fix #19352) (#21681)
Fix comptime generic arg resolution (allow several different struct fields in generic functions using comptime) (fix #18110) (#21682)
Fix dumping array of reference (#21694)
Implement g.trace_last_lines/2 to help debugging cgen problems
Support inc cond for c style for loop with alias types (#21708)
Fix fn call with mut reference args (fix #21265) (#21719)
Fix auto dereference mut variable in if expr (fix #21309) (#21720)
Fix smartcasting a reference to a sumtype value (#21730)
Fix assert checking fn option ret with none (#21726)
Fix generics map with the reference argument (#21737)
Fix shortcircuiting of infix and/or expressions (#21740)
Simplify in infix_expr_and_or_op() (#21745)
Fix reference variable str() method call (#21753)
Fix scope command when $dbg breakpoint is on or-expr (fix #21772) (#21747)
Fix array fixed empty struct code generated on clang (fix #21761) (#21764)
Allow alias to array fixed to be initialized like [n]int{} (#21785)
Fix comptime call argument auto conversion for indexexpr (fix #15232) (#21796)
Fix const name without main prefix in -translated mode (#21789)
Fix closure variable with optional reference params (fix #21827) (#21829)
Fix auto str for fn struct member (#21825)
Fix option string struct member init with autofree (#21859)
Fix fn mut argument of sumtype reference (#21874)
Fix generic type init syntax for primitive types (#21872)
Fix missing & in string representation of map[X]&Y (#21890)
Fix optional closure direct call (#21892)
Fix wrong missing unsafe block checking when calling generic functions with @[unsafe] attr (#21898)
Fix typeof(var.typ) with comptime $for variables (#21901)
Fix enum with const value (#21919)
Fix generic option/result reference return (#21922)

vfmt

Allow single line defer {}, just like or {}
Don't break it variable name in match expression function calls (#21600)
Exit with error code if encountering diffs with -diff flag (#21603)
Add fn_with_mut_ref_params_keep.vv (#21711)
Implement wrapping function's super long arguments (fix #15545, fix #21643) (#21782)
Keep manual newlines after fn parameters in fn declarations, do not auto wrap (#21795)

Tools

Fix spurious ending quote in the output of show_manual_release_cmd.vsh
Dockerfile.alpine: update to alpine:3.20, add more tools like gdb, libunwind, gc, to ease producing and debugging static executable in more situations (#21583)
Add v download URL for downloading single files, to avoid curl/wget etc, which are not available uniformly. (#21597)
ci: use shebang with better portability in shell scripts, format shell scripts (#21605)
Don't write vpm logfiles in CI runs (#21649)
ci: make vmodules_overrides_test.v failures more informative
Fix measurements for ./v repeat "./vold -o x project/" "./vnew -o x project/"
Make the summary output of v repeat more informative
Disallow self referencing function alias types like type FnType = fn(string) FnType and type FnType = fn (FnType) string (#21733)
vrepl: fix method call (fix #21788) (#21792)
ci: restore v_apps_and_modules_compile_ci.yml (#21791)
vrepl: fix output of the fn call (related #21792) (#21800)
vrepl: fix variable name starts with print (#21806)
v.pref: make pref_test.v be less sensitive on the specific C compiler used as a backend (#21813)
vrepl: fix arbitrary script execute (#21818)
ci: disable c2v_ci.yml temporarily, until it is fixed
vrepl: lots of fixes in REPL
Add a TOTAL line, to the output of -show-timings, to minimise the need for external tools on windows (#21847)

Operating System support

veb: support sendfile() syscall on FreeBSD (#21541)
os: use 1 instead of C.SW_SHOWNORMAL to workaround a cross compilation issue from linux to windows
v.builder: minimise the amount of linked libs for cross compilation to FreeBSD
v.builder: support downloading the FreeBSD cross compilation files on first use
Add a test for crosscompiling hw, on linux and macos, to FreeBSD (#21553)
vlib: make ./v -Wimpure-v -W test vlib/ pass on Linux (#21554)
os: fix debugger_present() for non Windows OSes (#21573)
ci: extend coverage, move app test from macos_ci to v_apps_and_modules_ci (#21584)
gc: fix tcc on macos
os.font: return the "segoeui.ttf" font, if its file exists on Windows (#21655)
readline: fix s := read_line('Message\nName:') on unix/linux (#21930)

V 0.4.6

20 May 2024

Improvements in the language

Experimental x.vweb is now veb, the official and recommended way to build web apps in V. Built on top of pico.v.
autofree: -print_autofree_vars command line flag for printing variables autofree couldn't free
Add @VMODHASH comptime variable to store the commit sha of a V module (#21091)
Fix sumtype support for option variant types (#21101)
Utilize new diff functions in errors (expected/found) (#21431)
Add @[_linker_section] for global variables

Breaking changes

checker: disallow initializing private struct fields outside structs module (#21183)

Checker improvements/fixes

Ambiguous expression notice for & << >>, similar to && ||
Disallow using aliases of ?Type as !Type (#21128)
Fix option checker arg validation for ptr passing on non expected ptr (#21087)
Optimize option and result type check, add more typinfo to error details (#21105)
Move error handling for any type to the checker to resolve parsing issues (#21146)
Move error handling for user defined type duplicates to the checker to resolve parsing issues (#21147)
Detect redundant ref when assigning call expr with ref return (#21141)
Fix multi return using nil and voidptrfix (fix #17343) (#21144)
Fix C struct embedded init fields checking (#21137)
Remove resolved vfmt workaround and TODO (#21175)
Move more match validation from the parser into the checker, add error for match without branches (#21181)
Improve the error message for an unknown type (#21207)
Allow passing none to fn f(arg ?&Type) { (fix #21213) (#21231)
Fix -parallel-cc regression (part 1, workaround .filter(fn[c]) used in checker/orm.v) (#21238)
Detect and error on unreachable code in loops, after continue and break statements (#21294)
Disallow Result callbacks functions like map/filter/all/any (#21055)
Fix missing check for or expr on string interpolation (#17566)
Allow pass array as mut param to spawn fn (#21283)
Turn array assign warning into error (#21341)
Ignore last semicolon on or-expr (#21361)
Disallow structs with @[params] attribute as mutable function parameters (#21206)
Set auto Return pos correctly; cgen: autofree fix for optional returns
Disallow invalid ptr operations (#21515)
Fix wrong checking for heap struct (#21511)
Allow alias enum flagged to have bit operations (#21532)
Simplify, utilize pref.vroot (#21096)
Fix option interface member checking when none is passed (#21509)

Parser improvements

Fix option as possible match case for sumtype (#21079)
orm: disallow invalid infix for where clause in delete and update (#21113)
Fix case of falsely registering imports as used, remove unused imports (#21156)
Remove redundant comments_mode field (#21198)
Update file path fields; use more expressive name for file path, remove obsolete file_name_dir field (#21202)
Add missing docstrings for vlib/v/ast/comptime_const_values.v functions (#21219)
Allow struct init on for in Iterator{} { (fix #21179) (#21282)
Fix for x in Iterator{} {, when there are no field initialisations (#21333)
Add check for result type on chan init (#21363)
Fix comptime panic for $tmpl("x.html"), when the template file contained % at the end (#21402)
Parse string and array typ idx of ScopeVar and Ident (#21523)

Compiler internals

v.util: use tmp instead of cache dir for temporary diff files (#21075)
v.util: fix module lookup if module import parts end with the word modules (#21083)
v.util: update githash to be able to get the githash of every passed project (#21178)
v.util: improve detection for opendiff when automatically searching difftools (#21241)
v.util: improve color_compare_files (#21247)
v.util: improve find_diff_cmd: don't add spaces to result without env opts (#21242)
v.util: fix diff coloring, add test (#21260)
v.util: polish off diff utils after recent updates and fixes, add doc comments to pub fns (#21275)
v.builder: suggest using v wipe-cache, when the object files are not recognized
pref: be more conservative when generating code using -cross, allow for $if cross ? {
builder: use cc enum in CcompilerOptions, fix cc detection, enable cc guessing without prod flag (#21370)
pref: fix version flag handling (#21377)
pref: make minor performance related changes / simplify (#21379)
builder: simplify generic cc detection (#21380)
pref: extract architecture related code into arch.c.v; rename pref.c.v to pref.v (#21387)
pref: update os_from_string, add missing qnx, remove deprecated wasm options that used - instead of _ (#21390)
v.util: rewrite diff module, deprecate old functions (#21403)
v.util: fix color when auto tool is diff (#21435)
v.util: make diff_test.v more robust to the color settings for the chosen local diff tool
v.util: fix performance with v test-cleancode, when a slower diff tool is installed (#21447)
v.util: remove fast path in diff.compare_text (#21458)
v.pref: error for v file.v --unknown-option (#21391)

Standard library

builtin,dlmalloc: fixes for v vlib/v/gen/c/coutput_test.v for gcc14.1, which is stricter
Min window width and height
builtin: str.last_index(); pref: hide-auto-str;
toml: update the alexcrichton and BurntSushi repos to their successors toml-rs, and toml-test, record new exceptions (#21152)
breaking,vlib: update handling of imports whose symbols are not directly used in imported file, remove pub const is_used = 1 workarounds (#21160)
json: allow i32 decoding and encoding (#21162)
json2: add ability to decode arrays (#21163)
json2,checker,toml: allow field.typ compile-time checking with MatchExpr and add array of option checking (#21171)
gg: draw_text with custom fonts
x.json2: add a way to decode an array (#21186)
os: clarify some doc comments (#21209)
os: fix double free in os.get_raw_line() (used by os.input), with -autofree (#21204)
time: extract Duration related code into duration.v (#21229)
builtin: implement an at_exit(cb) wrapper for C.atexit (part 1) (#21254)
os: format readme, fix markdown inside html (#21286)
time: update unix time acces, fix issues related to deviating unix times (#21293)
vlib: refactor empty string checks to use s == '' or s != '', instead of s.len == 0 (#21300)
cli: update command_test.v (#21307)
cli: extend control over defaults (#21308)
thirdparty/sokol: bump _SGL_DEFAULT_MAX_VERTICES and _SGL_DEFAULT_MAX_COMMANDS again; mark them with __v_ start and __v_ end
sync: add Gentoo paths for libatomic
sync.stdatomic: add flag lines for gcc 14 too
gg: make PenConfig fields public (#21353)
builtin: fix undefined read s[0], from ''.is_lower() and ''.is_upper() in c7af2c2
builtin: fix empty string lower / upper assert (#21358)
cli: simplify flag parsing (#21392)
os,runtime: workaround for v.c generation instability
datatypes: fix for set - operator, union and intersection, now they no longer change the receiver (fix #21315) (#21362)
sync.stdatomic: add paths for compilation with musl on Gentoo (#21400)
os: fix os.execute stderr redirection (fix #20986) (#21404)
time: fix the string representation of a negative Duration (#21407)
cli: make program outputs using the cli module testable in cli/testdata (#21456)
math.unsigned: permit _ separators in Uint128 decimal strings passed to uint128_from_dec_str (#21461)
cli: fix default flags when their command equivalents are disabled (#21469)
toml: simplify decode_quoted_escapes (#21472)
os: fix join-path (#21425)
builtin: simplify MessageError.msg() (#21524)
all: replace usages of C.atexit(cb) with at_exit(cb) or {} (part 2) (#21263)
math.unsigned: fix some Uint256 bugs and add tests (#21528)

Web

Update mbedtls to latest compatible version v3.3.0 (#21118)
veb.auth: a minor find_token fix
Improve descriptions (#21155)
ci: change listen ports in vweb_should_listen_on_both_ipv4_and_ipv6_by_default_test.v for both vweb and x.vweb, to reduce probability of network errors
ci: mark both vweb and x.vweb versions of vweb_should_listen_on_both_ipv4_and_ipv6_by_default_test.v as flaky
breaking,net.ftp: allow to choose a different port than port 21 (change FTP.connect to accept host:port, not just a host address) (#21185)
x.vweb: accept query params as method arguments (#21201)
net.http.file: support index_file (index.html by default), and auto_index (true by default) parameters to file.serve()
veb: copy x.vweb to veb, and make it work with comptime
ci: fix the ubuntu-docker-musl job by skipping veb_app_test.v
pref: support a shortcut: v -http for v -e "import net.http.file; file.serve()" .
net: add a .port()! method for net.Addr (#21412)
net: improve error message in .port()
picoev: handle EAGAIN or EWOULDBLOCK quietly (#21480)
net.unix: remove debug/trace eprintln (#21517)

ORM

Add error for unchecked option multi return types, fix undefined behavior (#21106)

Database drivers

db.mysql: fix invalid memory access in exec_one for returned rows with NULL fields (#21317)

C backend

Enable autofree for option (#21051)
Force C struct types which does not implement str() to be passed as ptr (#21054)
Improve diagnostic information for ORM queries with invalid types
Allow static call on generic type (#21071)
Fix code generation for a struct field, having a type of fixed array of options field [5]?Type (#21082)
Add the _M_ARM64 macro to endianness check (#21109)
Fix return code when returning interface result type (fix #21115) (#21130)
Fix const initialized with array (#21131)
Fix infix array heap comparison (#21145)
Fix C struct sumtype support (#21129)
Add autofree comptime check (#21197)
Fix comptime $if !autofree { (#21218)
Allow for mut v in [12, 13, 14] { v+= 2 } (#21237)
Allow op overload for type with generic parent (#21262)
Optimize .map(), .any(), .filter() and .all() when using closure (#21256)
Fix none passed to a generic option cast expression (fix #21215) (#21276)
Fix -fsanitize=undefined used with []int{}.sort() (#21331)
Fix myarr [1]C.mytype fixed array fields, for pub type C.mytype = voidptr (#21266)
Fix comptime ref argument passing (#21335)
Use the real C line number instead of #line 1000000 ... in the C footer with -g (#21388)
Fine tune the line count reset for the C footer (fix off by 1 error in 00dd0bf)
Fix array.delete_last call generation (#21439)
Fix option ptr unwrapping (#21415)
Fix C struct option alias printing (#21496)
Handle auto deref var for index when the array element is an interface or a sumtype (#21491)
Fix C struct init when it has default expr (#21510)
Fix sumtype field naming (when they are the same as a C keyword) (#21527)

vfmt

Update determining of struct field comments (#21066)
Inform about invalid interop function bodies instead of removing them (#21070)
Parse methods on JS interfaces, write JS method bodies (#21088)
Improve module detection when formatting imports (#21134)
Don't change paths when formatting imports (#21148)
Use fixed size array for max_len const (#21140)
Simplify const name formatting (#21143)
Improve import processing, add test (#21172)
Fix duplicates remove import comments (#21177)
Extend import import alias reference map for submodules (#21200)

Tools

doc: fix vup/vself replacement scripts (#21092)
Prevent module updates during v build-tools, when VTEST_SANDBOXED_PACKAGING is set (#21094)
ci: update the reference to the v-analyzer repo
ci: retry all setup commands that need network access, till they succeed (so the CI jobs have less false positives) (#21103)
changelog: escape @NAME entries, to avoid mentioning unrelated github accounts
Add v retry apt update, intended to replace the retry.sh script, for more robust CI jobs (#21104)
vpm: show the final path where a module is installed, improve color contrast for white on black terminal sessions
vet: print help when passing no files or --help/-help flag after vet command (#21108)
Fix v build-tools (it skipped all tools in subfolders of cmd/tools/ after 6a4f293) (#21120)
.gitignore: ignore generated .NET files in bench/vectors (#21136)
vet: optimize performance for path detection, when vetting files (#21139)
vet: allow to overwrite excluded dirs (#21142)
ci: increase wait time for the xvfb check, to reduce the chance of false positives
Fix v run cmd/tools/measure/parser_speed.v file.v
Add v run cmd/tools/measure/fmt_speed.v file.v
ci: move build step for VPM site, into apps and modules ci, add concurrency config (#21191)
tools.vpm: debug-log to $VMODULES/cache/vpm.log if not running in debug mode (#21192)
vpm: optimize performance by adding filter when cloning (#21216)
vdoc: don't add _docs directory when an out path is specified (#21233)
ci: prefer dedicated tiggers for platform workflows, so sporadic fails can be retried quicker (#21251)
v.util: improve code related to diff tool specified via environment, add check if the diff tool exists (#21240)
vpm: check for git version before adding --also-filter-submodules flag (#21259)
ci: add logging to .github/workflows/retry.sh
Revise vtest-self.v: remove dead paths, fix json2 essential test path (#21267)
Add check for unavailable files in vtest (#21272)
ci: reactive app prod builds (#21295)
ci: add a m1 runner for testing the prebuilt zips too
ci: add workflow_run: event in prebuilt.yml
ci: simplify prebuilt.yml, make it usable for manual runs too
vpm: fix regression, so v install sdl && v run ~/.vmodules/sdl/setup.vsh works again
ci: fix outdated_test.v (--unshallow is not needed now)
ci: continue testing independent V apps, even if one fails, to get feedback for breaking changes faster (#21302)
ci: optimize apps and modules (#21303)
ci: test v ~/.vmodules/sdl/setup.vsh, to prevent future vpm regressions (#21306)
ci: prevent unintended deployment workflow steps (#21313)
Add a 2024.html page to https://fast.vlang.io/
vdoc: rewrite and extend vdocignore (#21314)
ci: fix the commit labels for the vc repo
Support v run cmd/tools/oldv.v --show_VC_commit weekly.2024.03
ci: use latest upstream discord.v in apps and modules test (#21322)
vdoc: remove obsolete entries from .vdocignore (#21320)
v: update linguist languages, add .vdocignore (#21321)
ci: update deployment workflow (#21323)
Allow for selectively running v test-self vlib/ and v test-self cmd/ (#21326)
Rewrite test-self arg handling (#21327)
ci: restore v install elliotchance.vsql in v_apps_and_modules_compile_ci.yml
ci: use v retry -- cmd to replace .github/workflows/retry.sh cmd, where possible in v_apps_and_modules_compile_ci.yml (#21336)
ci: update workflow conditions (#21338)
Improve v symlink -githubci diagnostic message, when used outside CIs or with sudo (#21340)
ci: update detection of workflow cancellation scenarios (#21342)
Fix compiling vwhere with -cc gcc -cstrict (#21347)
ci: remove the separate -gc boehm job (since -gc boehm is the default now) (#21352)
ci: add a separate cmd/tools testing job (#21344)
Update fast.v and fast_job.v to update docs.vlang.io and fast.vlang.io on each commit to master.
Make fast.v more robust to independent remote changes in vlang/docs
Utilize environment specific files for vsymlink (#21360)
ci: update binary_artifact.yml (#21364)
ci: add docker to tools workflow, update ignore paths (#21368)
ci: split up vsl / vtl run, reducing the tool change CI time from ~19min to ~10min (#21372)
ci: fix binary_artifact.yml (#21373)
Refine check_os_api_parity.v (#21371)
ci: update native backend ci matrix (#21375)
ci: update symlink ci, add matrix (#21376)
ci: workaround defer codegen failing with nested if blocks and -cstrict in vdoc_file_test.v
ci: update detection of accidentally added gpl licenses (#21384)
ci: set cancel-in-progress to false in bootstrapping_ci.yml to avoid false positives
ci: do trigger bootstrapping_ci.yml periodically, but just on changes
ci: speed up bootstrapping_ci.yml, by using the default tcc when possible
ci: update bootstrapping_ci.yml trigger paths (#21394)
ci: pass a good commit to oldv.v in bootstrapping_ci.yml (#21393)
Be more verbose when doing v up in V folder produced by extracting a .zip release file
Exclude thirdparty/tcc from the git clean operation, that vup does in case of a missing .git folder
Protect from cleaning during v up, only ./v , not any matching folder
Use proper ignore/exclude patterns in the git clean, that v up does
Use more meaningful names in vup.v
Be verbose, when a git commands that v up executes fails
ci: add a v-up-works-ubuntu job, to ensure more robust v up runs (#21401)
ci: ensure v master is available when trying to check out its commits to build oldv (#21414)
Rewrite vet error handling (improve parser performance extend vvet) p1 (#21417)
Move dynamic const array check from parser into vet (#21423)
v.help: update help for fmt (#21430)
Move array_init_one_val checks from parser into vet (#21422)
Remove vet_errors and vet_notices from parser (#21424)
ci: temporary fix for gitly compilation
Remove vetting for spaces after / before parens (#21437)
Add .github/workflows/show_manual_release_cmd.vsh, to make cross platform testing of the release process easier
ci: merge docker_alpine and docker_ubuntu workflows in docker_ci.yml (#21446)
Move now obsolete vlib vet module to cmd vet (#21445)
Use parse_file, remove parse_vet_file (#21444)
ci: update binary artifact workflow, add matrix (#21378)
ci: add workflow_dispatch: to gen_vc_ci.yml
ci: fix vinix_ci.yml by using ./v symlink -githubci in vinix_ci.yml
ci: port changes from Vinix's check.yml at 8231e569 to vinix_ci.yml
tools.vet: move error methods to vvet/errors.v (#21449)
ci: reduce false negatives for tcp_test.v, retry it 3 times before failing
Improve performance of v test-cleancode and v fmt -inprocess -verify . (#21450)
Make ./v symlink work platform independent in CI (part 1) (#21453)
ci: replace .github/workflows/retry.sh usages in the CI with the shorter v retry --, move v test-cleancode upwards to save time for unformatted PRs (#21452)
Capitalize information output of v up (#21464)
ci: use v symlink without -githubci for regular symlinking (#21455)
ci: add a linter for the .yml workflow files (#21459)
ci: update symlink ci, extend tested cases (#21466)
tools.vet: update diff comparison in vet_test.v (#21457)
Call mkdir_all before set_output_path to avoid a vpm panic when ~/.vmodules/cache does not exist (#21463)
ci: make issue template title consistent, fix linter error regarding labels (#21460)
tools.vet: reduce nesting in vet_fn_documentation, skip vetting empty lines (#21465)
Print info to use v symlink instead of v symlink -githubci (#21471)
Move _test.v files for vdoc at the same level (#21473)
ci: update the helper script, for getting the most recent sqlite-amalgamation-3380200.zip (#21474)
vdoc: fix handling of .vdocignore files in subdirectories (#21514)
ci: run build-module-docs, when changes to the source of the v doc tool happen too
ci: use g++ not g++-11 in misc-tooling (g++-11 can not be found and installed on the CI runner anymore for some reason)
ci: update g++ to g++-10 in other_ci.yml, add workflow_dispatch: trigger for easier local future diagnostic
vdoc: improve vdocignore file handling by walking all .vdocignore sub-paths in IgnoreRules.get, add test (#21521)
ci: run v fmt -w cmd/tools/vdoc/vdoc_test.v
ci: make sure that unformatted code in just cmd/ is not allowed
ci: mark again tcp_test.v as flaky (it had 3 unrelated failures on the CI over the last week)
v: vet for empty string conditions (#21529)
tools.vet: add notice for empty strings conditions (#21421)

Operating System support

ci: improve test robustness on windows (#21116)
v.pkgconfig: add pkgconfig path /usr/libdata/pkgconfig for FreeBSD base packages (#21151)
v.util: add diff tool color support detection (tested on linux and freebsd) (#21244)
v.util.diff: return diff options with the diff command for FreeBSD/OpenBSD (#21271)
v.pkgconfig: fix load_paths with ; split char on windows (#21291)
Fix vpm on macos, when using the bundled git executable (#21292)
ci: fix the bundled tcc for macos arm64 (#21299)
ci: update the runner for build-macos-arm64 to macos-14 too, so it runs on M1
Fix hot code reloading on windows (#21351)
Fix building vpm on the FreeBSD instance, that runs fast.v
Fix v install for the FreeBSD instance that updates docs.vlang.io .
ci: use macos-13 for cross_ci.yml to force the old non m1 runner
v.builder: update macos->linux cross compile message (~22MB -> ~77MB)
v.pref: fix new pref test on FreeBSD (#21385)
ci: stop earlier on vc/v.c files, that may break on systems != linux (#21397)
Fix compilation on macos-arm with -cstrict; run macos ci also on the arm runner (#21408)
ci: use v instead of ./v in the platform linux/macos/windows/_ci.yml files (#21454)
ci: add a retry to vcreate_init_test.v (it is sporadically flaky on macos)
sync,os,thirdparty: fix cross compilation from macos to windows (#21484)
os: rename os_structs_stat_windows.v to os_structs_stat_windows.c.v to fix v -Wimpure-v -os windows vlib/os/os_stat_test.v
Default to -cc clang on FreeBSD in cmd/tools/vtest_test.v (#21534)

V 0.4.5

20 March 2024

Improvements in the language

Add map update-init syntax: new_map := {...old_map, 'k1': 1, 'k2': 5} (#20561)
Improve coroutines, Photon vcpu creation, coroutines + GC fixes (#20549)
Update Boehm GC libs/headers to the latest version 8.3.0 (#20772)
$dbg statement - native V debugger REPL (#20533)
Implement @[_linker_section] attribute (#20629)
Enable @[export] for global variables too (#20649)
Add callstack support on v.debug (#20680)

Breaking changes

sokol: the sokol wrapper was updated, to match its upstream version at commit 058a4c5, several of its APIs no longer exist
templating.dtm: compile_template_file is no longer public
v.trace_calls: pub fn on_c_main() {, is now pub fn on_c_main(should_trace_c_main bool) {
v.transformer: Transformer.fn_decl is now Transformer.fn_decl_trace_calls
x.vweb: Context.redirect(url string, redirect_type RedirectType) is now Context.redirect(url string, params RedirectParams)

Checker improvements/fixes

Check invalid lambda expr (#20461)
Fix comptime if with comptime smartcast (#20466)
Fix anon struct init with const fields (fix #20452) (#20463)
Disallow option or result return type, for infix operator overloading (#20494)
Cleanup the const variable evaluate for fixed array fields of structs (#20503)
Fix missing check for struct initialization with @[noinit] attribute, through using T{} (#20516)
Fix mark methods into used-list, when generics as receivers (fix #20509) (#20527)
Modify comments on generic receiver type storage (#20539)
Fix checking give const map as default or init value to struct fields (fix #20512) (#20546)
Fix return map index with or_block (#20544)
Cleanup the generic tests (#20553)
Fix @[deprecated] attribute for consts (fix #20523) (#20550)
Cleanup in method_call() (#20554)
Disallow non_opt_array << optvalue (#20573)
Fix non dereferenced enum in match statements (fixes #10045) (#20591)
Fix .variant smartcast on non-comptime variables (#20575)
Disallow static maps: mut static x := map[string]int{} (#20596)
Allow #define X and asm riscv64 {} blocks in .v files, with -freestanding (make embedded usecases easier)
Add cast overflow checks (#20641)
Disallow assigning none to _ (#20646)
Fix checking for option matching with non-option (#20673)
Disallow (x) := 10 (#20695)
Disallow none as match cond (#20688)
Fix comptime ident checking on defer stmt (fix #20719) (#20723)
Add error for x as Y.field, suggesting using (x as Y).field instead for clarity (#20725)
Disallow sum type holding alias ptrs (#20786)
Optimise out calls to arg_typ_sym.embed_name() when there are no errors (#20820)
Fix if branch option type mismatch (fix #20809) (#20830)
Fix auto deref arg when fn expects ref (#20846)
Fix struct field init with generic fn variable (fix #20847) (#20878)
Cleanup in assign_stmt() (#20880)
Check assigning immutable reference struct field (fix #20814) (#20883)
Fix struct field init with generic anon fn (add the test from #18294) (#20888)
Fix checking match branch call expr twice (#20910)
Support Flags.bit ^ Flags.bit1 and ~Flags.bit (flagged enums) (fix #20925) (#20929)
Fix some specific interface generic inference within generics struct and method (#20932)
Remove notice when shifting signed int for @[translated] (#20935)
Silence "assigning 0 to a reference field" and "uninitialized fn struct fields" notices for @[translated]\nmodule ... files (#20938)
Fix missing check for interface cast of option type (#20961)
Silence more warnings for @[translated] files (#20964)
Fix comptimeselector passing to generic argument (#20985)
Remove unnecessary string interpolation in deprecation method calls (#21007)
Disallow void return value lambdas in array.map method calls (#21011)
Cleanup and simplify check_ref_fields_initialized methods (#21016)
Cleanup and simplify struct processing p1 (#21009)
Add support for deprecation messages for structs and struct fields (#21017)
Cleanup and simplify struct processing p2, extend test (#21025)
Fix undefined reference to interface struct field regression (after #21025) (#21030)
Add test for interface embedding and interface with erroneous implementation (test related to #21030) (#21033)
Disallow Optional and Result high val in a for x in low..high { loop (#21043)
Fix missing incompatible pushval type for chan <- operator (#21040)

Parser improvements

Fix close_scope() missing, when field.name is sort or sorted (fix#20436) (#20485)
Check non-generic interface defining generic method (#20545)
vast,ast: output map init update expression (#20574)
Implement MyEnum.from(1)! generic static method (#20411)
Fix MyEnum.from(0)!, implement MyFlaggedEnum.zero() (#20623)
vfmt,parser: keep the original import name in ast.Import, and use it without modifications for paths unders ~/.vmodules
Allow double quotes in @include template directives (#20628)
Fn type declaration does not check already registered name (#20732)
Fix global const ordering with string inter literal (fix #20760) (#20770)
Disallow option alias with option parent type (#20769)
Make Scope.find methods more robust, when called on default initialised scope &Scope = unsafe { nil } fields (#20774)
Fix parsing of cgen.v, in normal mode, when the table is empty (no files in builtin are preparsed) (fix #20606) (#20611)
Fix infinite loop in Parser.sql stmt in -silent -print-watched-files mode (used by v watch) (#20873)
Disallow defining map key more than once (#20905)
Fix formatting comptime if expr, after inc expr (fix #20927) (#20931)
Fix for comptime with fully type name (fix #20948) (#20988)
Allow lock prefix instructions and numbered reg in inline asm blocks (#21022)
Add better error for mut variadic fn argument (#21063)

Compiler internals

v.util: make launch_tool failures more detailed (for the Text file busy; code: 26 case), bump tool_recompile_retry_max_count from 3 to 7
v.util: make launch_tool more robust, when multiple v -b js file.v commands are run at the same time (all trying to recompile the JS backend program) (#20631)
builder: allow for ./v -freestanding -cc riscv64-elf-gcc -d no_main -no-builtin -no-preludes -showcc -keepc x.v
pref: support file_notd_freestanding.v + file_d_freestanding.v, remove dependency to os, of $embed_file(), when compiling with -freestanding (#20712)
v.builder: reduce the default noise from successfully rebuilding cached thirdparty object files
pref: allow fetching the photonwrapper .so (for the coroutines) with curl too, or print details for manual download (#20855)
scanner: disallow a shebang line, that is not at the top of a file (#21029)
strings.textscanner: fix off-by-one error in skip method (#21045)

Standard library

x.crypto.chacha20: speed up the core functionality of the ChaCha20 stream cipher (#20470)
log: enhance log time format setting (#20484)
encoding.csv: add a new utility fn new_reader_from_file/2 (#20530)
readline: add completion support (#20559)
builtin: add is_hex(), is_int(), is_bin(), and is_oct() methods to the string type (#20540)
builtin: add empty string verification for the new string .is_oct() etc methods, suggested on PR #20540 (#20564)
json: fix struct with option enum field (fix #20597) #20597
x.json2: fix panic on calling json2.decode of an optional enum (fix #20593) (#20603)
vlib: add a compress.zstd module (#20616)
io: ensure BufferedReader.read_line() returns io.Eof, instead of error('none') (#20619)
log: add support for l.set_short_tag/1 (#20652)
Update error checking for new error io.Eof (#20656)
io: allow BufferedReader.read_line() to accept custom line delimiters (#20655)
builtin: implement unbuffer_stdout/0 (#20662)
x.crypto: add sm4 module (#20651)
crypto.aes: optimise performance (#20674)
os: add proper process termination with p.signal_term() (#20671)
os: simplify and unify os.join_path and os.join_path_single, and add more tests (#21494)
bitfield: enhance operation with multiple flags (#20683)
os: fix File.read() in JS backends (fix #20501) (#20633)
os: add error_posix() and error_win32() for explicit platform error handling and default behavior (#20694)
log: implement set_always_flush/1 for log.Log, log.ThreadSafeLog and log.Logger (#20698)
x.vweb: error() and simpler redirect(); comptime: a clearer error
builtin: add a string.u8_array() method (#20736)
os: add os.stat() and helpers (#20739)
os: make os.SystemError struct public so the os.error_* functions can be used by other modules (#20754)
os: refactor to use os.stat and os.lstat instead of unsafe C calls (#20759)
os: make os_stat_test.v more robust to reporting false positives
x.crypto: add poly1305 message authentication code (mac) in pure v (#20752)
encoding.binary: add _fixed variants for the conversion fns, that accept fixed arrays (#20766)
x.crypto.sm4: make sm4 use the encoding.binary _fixed fns (#20773)
builtin: add gc_collect/0, gc_get_warn_proc/0, gc_set_warn_proc/1. Use them to turn off GC warnings by default. (#20788)
builtin: support -d gc_warn_on_stderr, to show the GC warnings, without installing a custom warn fn callback
x.crypto: add AEAD ChaCha20Poly1305 algorithm in pure v (#20817)
x.crypto.chacha20: remove deprecated math.max_u32 in favour of builtin max_u32, remove unneceseary bits, reorder (#20838)
json: fix decode struct ptr (#20828)
time: add a .http_header_string() method on Time (#20861)
json2: reorganize encode string (#20862)
vlib: add encoding.txtar (port of Go's txtar module) (#20874)
gg: handle dpi change, when moving window to another monitor (#20886)
time: add a tm_gmtoff field to C.tm (a BSD and GNU extension) (#20907)
x.json2: add skippable field attr @[json: '-'] (improve backwards compatibility with the json module) (#20892)
time: rename identifiers and parameter names (#20913)
io: add a string_reader submodule (#20893)
toml: return an error from toml.parse_file(), when the passed file path does not exist (#20912)
x.json2: fix encoder commas (#20916)
time: microoptimise the Time formatting methods (use custom number->string conversion, instead of string interpolation) (#20917)
x.json2: improve performance of string encoding for unicode special characters and emojis (#20867)
x.json2: minor performance improvement, update benchmark recommendations (#20954)
os: workaround a -prod -cc gcc bug, affecting os.open_file (fix #20923) (related to #20872) (#20960)
cli: add pluralization to err msg, if required number of args is not met (#20971)
os: remove repetitive words in comments (#20981)
gg: fix empty circle in native; http: post_form_with_cookies; veb: print veb action in html errors
io.reader: make read_all constants public (#20997)
builtin: expose gc_disable(), gc_enable(), gc_is_enabled(), in addition to the existing gc_collect() (#21002)
x.json2: improve error message upon missing comma (#20602)
builtin: fix a few grammar errors in builtin.string comments (#21010)
io.string_reader: fix needs_fill_until check (#21005)
builtin: add missing return type to fn signature for C.GC_get_stack_base
x.json2: predefine buffer capacity for encoding to avoid reallocations (#20920)
rand: add PRNG.fill_buffer_from_set/2 (#21037)
sokol.gfx: update the PixelFormat V enum, to exactly match the C sg_pixel_format from thirdparty/sokol/sokol_gfx.h

Web

net: fix vlib/net/tcp_test.v (since .listen_tcp with af .unix, is now expected to return an error) (#20472)
net: remove unused import in tcp_test.v
x.vweb: add error, when static directory does not exist (#20455)
net.urllib: fix parsing url error, when querypath is '//' (fix #20476) (#20504)
vweb: unify listen address from tcp and print (#20448)
net.unix: make the error messages in unix_test.v more specific (#20537)
vweb: add an optional Context.before_accept_loop/0 method, to make testing easier and more robust (#20538)
vweb: fix routes without results in vweb_app_test.v (#20548)
vweb: make vweb_test.v more robust and faster, by embedding its server as a module
Small fixes and backport changes from vweb (#20584)
net.smtp: implement mail attachment support (fix #19920) (#20640)
vweb: fix quickstart docs in the module's README.md on how to create a new vweb project (#20644)
net.http: add a temporary fix for the intermittent segfault with http.get_ text/1 and -prod -cc gcc 13.2.0 (fix #20506) (#20660)
x.vweb: support HTTP 1.1 persistent connections (#20658)
x.vweb: use $if debug_ev_callback ? { for the [vweb] error: write event on connection should be closed message
x.vweb: add cors middleware (#20713)
x.vweb: add new sessions module (#20642)
net: fix non-blocking read/write (#20438)
net: reduce flakiness of tcp test (#20761)
picoev: renaming, doc (#20567)
x.vweb: add full static host support, for urls ending with /folder/ , where the folder backing it, has index.html inside (#20784)
x.sessions: change session Store interface to use results instead of options (#20796)
net: fix function name in split_address doc comment (#20794)
doc: x.vweb static website capabilities (#20808)
thirdparty: update picohttpparser (#20843)
picohttpparser: restore formatting for g_digits_lut, after f09826e (#20844)
x.vweb: fix handling of static URL paths like /sub.folder/a_folder (#20863)
veb: a new module veb.auth for authentication logic (tokens, hashed passwords)
veb.auth: make work with any db
net: workaround a -prod -cc gcc bug (#20872)
picoev: add more logging of errors (#20558)
picoev: remove fmt off tags (#20569)

ORM

orm: fix checking invalid recursive structs (fix #20285) (#20491)
orm: fix checking invalid recursive structs in sql stmts (fix #20278) (#20505)
orm: fix orm insert issue if table missing [Issue : #20017] (#20580)
orm: fix orm_option_time_test.v after 2d0ed2c made insert in parent tables with child ones missing fail
orm: insert expressions returning id

Database drivers

db.sqlite: fix exec_param_many bug (#21008)

C backend

Fix multidimensional fixed array size expression evaluation (fix #20311) (#20458)
Fix fixed array handling with operator overloading call (fix #20467) (#20469)
Fix C code, generated for generic option fixed array return type (fix #20465) (#20479)
Fix fixed array handling, on generic result return, and on or block (#20492)
Fix generated code for fixed array cast (fix #20454) (#20480)
Change x.filter(cond).len > 0 to x.any(cond), and x.filter(cond) == 0 to x.all(!cond) (#20513)
Fix code generation wrong, when '?foo.array or {}' as a 'for-in' condition (fix #20528) (#20542)
Add a necessary clone, when the closure param is string/array with -autofree (fix #20498) (#20557)
Fix wrong cgen, when auto_heap var, is used as a closed over arg in a closure (fix #20208) (#20566)
Initialize closures in shared library mode (#20630)
Fix interface generic smartcast (#20609)
Support inter-dependent function types (#20638)
Write the profile file out, even upon CTRL-C or kill (#20677)
Fix as cast as selector (fix #20710) (#20718)
Fix method call checking against none (fix #20711) (#20717)
Fix interface on multi return func (fix #20720) (#20721)
Fix premature variable release by autofree (#20731)
Fix return with option on orexpr (#20728)
Fix auto str for map with ptr str (#20741)
Remove ull suffix, which looks like the cause for the first scanner error in PR#20726 (#20750)
Fix comptime smartcast as receiver on method call (#20749)
Fix unwrap on or-expr, when calling f() ?Type (fix #20756) (#20758)
Builtin,coroutines,cgen: fix using coroutines with boehm GC, by using a stack pointer corrector (#20771)
Fix interface casting (#20789)
Fix auto_eq for option eq operator overload (#20795)
Fix from_string fn generation missing mod name (#20807)
Fix const fixed array initialization handling (#20812)
Fix unwrapped option selector assigning (#20816)
Fix map methods call with generic types (fix #20827) (#20829)
Fix codegen for a.index/1, where a is []Fn (#20849)
Fix thread return type generation (fix #20836) (#20850)
Fix code generated for anon struct default value (fix #20839) (#20851)
Fix comptime selector of interface (#20876)
Fix multiple fixed array variable init (fix #20895) (#20902)
Ast,checker,cgen: fix generics function with embedded structs, ensure correct link generation in cgen (#20900)
Fix returning option call in non-option fn (#20943)
Fix global initializer of fixed array on gcc (#20934)
Fix comptime is condition when using interface (#20952)
Fix const fixed array init with index (#20950)
Fix generic map inferring key and value types (#20959)
Fix missing scope enclosing for const init which needs temp variables (#20973)
Fix fixed array return on fn with option generic return (#20974)
Fix code generated to comptime passed to generic arg (#20994)
Fix match for alias (#21028)
Add ability to mark a global as @[hidden] (#21035)
Fix _str name generated for C struct which define str() method (#21042)
Fix for/in codegen when iterating over C structs (#21052)

JavaScript backend

Fix javascript backend treating u32 as i32 (fix #20499) (#20618)
Fix u16 cast handling in the JS backend (#20620)
Make program_test.v not flaky anymore, so that it is more sensitive to early errors. Fix compilation error for u16.v . Make u32.out match the current reality (the bug will be filed separately)
Fix inconsistent output (u32) in JS backend (#20691)

vfmt

v.fmt: drop newline in end comments for const (#20672)
Fix alias array no cast init (#20898)
Fix removal of used selective and alias imports in modules in $VMODULES dirs (#20977)
Improve submodule type alias lookup; fix formatting of modules in $VMODULES (#20989)
Fix type names for casts (#21036)
Insert auto imports after shebang (#21038)
Fix autoimport with shebang and comments above other imports (#21050)
Fix formatting for imports of submodule from module src dir (#21060)
tools.fmt: extend exit codes to allow spotting unformatted files next to internal errors (#21058)
Fix parsing of interface with comment above mut: keyword (#21062)

Tools

repl: support executing shell commands on the REPL with !sh [COMMAND] (#20496)
repl: fix an issue with print and println after the execution of for or if (fix #20524) (#20525)
tools: bump too_long_line_length_table to 160, to avoid warnings for just v check-md doc/docs.md (most common)
tools: bump too_long_line_length_link to 250, to avoid warnings for very common long links
ci: simplify time_ci.yml, use more descriptive CI job names, for easier judging of CI failures
debug: fix variable dereferencing (#20594)
tools: support setting another SCANNER_MODE=parse_comments in parser_speed.v and scanner_speed.v
testing: fix warning for compiling ./v cmd/tools/vtest.v
docs: add a section about modules specifics (#20653)
github: add dependabot.yml (#20800)
vtest,pref: add ability to have platform specific _test.v files (#20810)
ci: change spaceface777/cancel-workflow-action to styfle/cancel-workflow-action (#20806)
tools: use the same same skipping logic for the platform specific _test.v files in v test-self too (#20815)
tools: make the output of v check-md . more informative (#20819)
v.debug: implement tracing hook feature (#20818)
ci: mark db_store_test.v as flaky
ci: add a vtcc step (check that vtcc, continues to be able to compile with v, and v itself can be compiled with vtcc) (#21000)
v.util: simplify vtest (#21013)
vtest-self: add sandboxed packaging case (#21059)

Operating System support

v.builder: allow for v -shared -os windows file.v on Linux/macos (fix #20445) (#20453)
Add windows dll support, fix (#20447) (#20459)
sync: add mutex.try*lock functions for FreeBSD too (#20482)
sync: fix FreeBSD implementation of sync functions (#20483)
os: make os.cache_dir() and os.vtmp_dir() more robust to parallel test executions on windows (#20495)
builder: replace "-rdynamic" for clang on macos with "-Wl,-export_dynamic" (fix #20510) (#20511)
builder: restore ability to use tcc, without fallback to cc on macos
v.builder: use a more uniq prefix for the generated temporary file names, to further reduce the chances of collision and sporadic CI failures on windows (#20551)
encoding.csv: fix bug in RandomAccessReader, spotted on windows with mingw32 (#20571)
builtin: use #pkgconfig bdw-gc-threaded where available, instead of #pkgconfig bdw-gc (on FreeBSD)
db.pg: add include and lib paths for PostgreSQL on FreeBSD (#20582)
thirdparty: fix v cmd/tools/vcompress.v on FreeBSD
os: fix an error in Process.win_spawn_process, not using stdout pipe in a cmd environment on 32bit Windows (#20613)
testing: retry 1 additional time sporadic silent test run failures on macos
builder: add '-lelf' to linker flags on freebsd (fix #20481) (#20643)
GNUmakefile: use standard default RM make variable to fix MSYS2 env on windows (#20701)
x.vweb: add the missing include for C.sendfile to sendfile_linux.c.v
clipboard: fix notice in clipboard_windows.c.v (#20733)
ci: update macos runners to macos-14, to make use of the much faster m1 instances (#20747)
builder: support musl-gcc on macos
builtin: link to user32 to fix boehm GC compilation on Windows with clang released from the LLVM project (fix #20724) (#20767)
pref: download correct photonwrapper.so for linux (#20783)
ci: improve repo CI robustness, by marking dynamic_template_manager_cache_system_test.v as flaky, and only failing db_store_test.v on !windows
tools.vpm: fix remove command on Windows, add test (#20852)
os: don't check rdev equality on FreeBSD, inside vlib/os/os_stat_test.v (#20885)
sync: support more gcc version specific search locations on linux with tcc

V 0.4.4

9 January 2024

Improvements in the language

Implement @[aligned] and @[aligned:8] attributes for structs and unions (#19915)
Update attributes to use new syntax
Update remaining deprecated attr syntax (#19908)
Support $if T is $array_dynamic { and $if T is $array_fixed { in addition to $if T is $array { (#19882)
Prepare for making -W impure-v the default (#19940)
Assigning 0 to reference fields now requires unsafe blocks (fix #14911) (#19955)
Unwrap const() blocks
Implement $for comptime T.variants (#20193)
Add r and R switches for repeating in string interpolation, '${"abc":3r}' == 'abcabcabc' (#20197)
Comptime refactor and cleanup (#20196)
Allow comptime-for to iterate over comptime variables, add $string comptime type, cleanup (#20233)
Unwrap an option value automatically, inside if o != none { (#20275)
Complete support for smartcasting to a comptime variable type (#20270)
Improve comptime var checking with is operator and smartcasting (#20315)

Breaking changes

none

Checker improvements/fixes

Disallow $for i in struct.values and $for i in enum.fields (#19845)
Parser, checker: fix var scope in lambda(fix #19860) (#19871)
Change the warning more than 1000 possibilities in match range to a notice (#19862)
Fix inability to use multiple import some modname as _ in the same .v file (fix #19899) (#19900)
Disallow casting strings to pointers outside unsafe (#19977)
Disallow directly indexing sumtype and interface, when using as parameters(fix #19811) (#19982)
Fix loop on aggregates of arrays (in match branches) of sumtypes (fix #18548) (#19988)
Disallow indexing mut struct, passed as a fn parameter (#19992)
Enhance err msg for unknown types for comptime $for (#20057)
Fix .clone()/.move() with shared maps (#20083)
Fix generics method call with struct short syntax args(fix #20030) (#20100)
Fix unwrap, when generic structs are used as arguments, in uncalled methods (fix #20132) (#20135)
Fix generic fn with generic fn call returning generic map (fix #20106) (#20150)
Cast sumtype to its variant generic type (#20166)
Refactor string to enum error check, handle EnumName(string_variable) too (#20210)
Fix generic array method call with multi-types (#20237)
Remove unnecessary struct ref field initialization checks and notifications at map initializing(fix #20245) (#20251)
Add a notice, for accessing by key, map values, that contain pointers (to use unsafe or an or {} block) (#20266)
Fix mismatch checking when a function returns sumtype as an argument (fix #19325) (#20264)
Fix and cleanup uninitialized checks for array initialisers with len: (fix #20272) (#20279)
Give an error for .free() method calls, when used on fixed arrays (#20320)
Fix type mismatch checking for assignments with generics (fix #20298) (#20327)
Fix too strict checking with generics in assignment type mismatch (fix #20335) (#20346)
Disallow string to voidptr cast entirely (#20351)
Fix generic method calls with multi generic types (fix #20330) (#20360)

Parser improvements

parser: fix parsing comments after new attribute syntax
parser: fix failures found with fuzzing (#19873)
parser: deprecate old attribute syntax & update remaining (missed) attributes (#19879)
parser: fix infix expr handling with cast on left side of << operator (#19985)
ast: fix generic structs with multiple levels of generic embedding (#20042)
parser: implement thread returns result and multi_returns (fix #19281) (#20194)
parser: fix formatting struct decl with comments (#20207)
parser: fix formatting enum and interface decl with comments (#20216)
parser: fix fn call with newline opening brace (fix #20258) (#20267)
parser: fix parse_vet_file() with vfmt off/on flag (#20273)

Compiler internals

scanner: implement support for UTF-32 escape codes in string literals (#19911)
scanner: add new_silent_scanner/0, Scanner.prepare_for_new_text/1, make .ident_char/0, .ident_string/0 and .text_scan/0 public (#20045)
pref: support VNORUN=1, to enable running of tests, vsh files etc (i.e. just compile them, for debugging later)
scanner: fix backslashes followed directly by newline in string literals (fix #20291) (#20296)
scanner: fix escape character handling in character/rune literals (fix #20301) (#20304)
pref: disable the -macosx_version_min clang flag by default (#20297)
builder: remove passing -fno-strict-aliasing, for -prod to gcc/icc (#20368)
markused: add -skip-unused for programs that import x.vweb too (do not skip unused routing methods)

Standard library

json: fix recursive pointer encoding (#19840)
os,picohttpparser,sokol,strconv: prepare for making -W impure-v the default (#19846)
os: add fast path to mkdir_all, when the given folder already exists (#19869)
os: ignore empty path segments in join_path (#19877)
os: fix bootstrapping for OpenBSD
x.json2: replace deprecated type byte with u8 in the tests (#19909)
vlib: change byte to u8 (#19930)
sync: add a FreeBSD specific version of vlib/sync/sync_default.c.v (#19962)
datatypes: add push_many for doubly and singly linked list + add insert_many for heap (#19975)
datatypes: make Direction pub and fix and add tests for push_many (#19983)
gg: fn (data voidptr, e &Event) for events, allows methods
vlib: add a compress.szip module, deprecate the szip one after 2023-12-31 (#20003)
os: create the folder described by XDG_CACHE_HOME, if it is non empty, and it does not exist yet, when calling os.cache_dir() (#20046)
vlib: use the builtin flush functions, instead of the C. ones (#20108)
crypto: add blake2s and blake2b hashes (#20149)
os: fix mv_by_cp for directories (#20154)
os: update mv fns, improve performance, add params struct to control overwrite behavior (#20156)
gg: fix overlapping slices in draw_slice_filled() (#20182)
json: fix option sumtype handling (#20186)
builtin: add @[direct_array_access] to js string trim_right method (#20222)
json2: add encoder support for time.Time (#20228)
json2: fix encoding of 💀🐈 etc emojis (fix #20243) (#20247)
json2: make public the generic function map_from/1 (#20294)
json2: optimise encoding to be faster than cJSON with -prod (#20052)
json2: support sumtype encoding in a more robust way (#20093)
json2: strict module (#17927)
crypto: fix notices/errors for v -N test vlib/crypto
crypto: add blake3 hash (#20319)
sokol: fix compiling gg and other graphical examples on OpenBSD (#20333)
csv: Add a sequential reader too (suitable for very large .csv files, it does not read everything at once) (#20140)

Web

net.mbedtls: use char and usize types for describing more precisely the C API of mbedtls (#19837)
vweb: add the mime type for .toml files (#19875)
net.openssl: use actual C values for the SSLError enum (#19945)
vweb: .html('custom_template.html')
vweb: add an optional parameter to the .redirect/2 method, to be able to set the http code for the redirects (#20082)
x.vweb: fix large payload (#20155)
x.vweb: reimplement csrf module (#20160)
net: make net.fionbio and net.msg_nosignal constants public in net_windows.c.v (#20183)
net.http: remove unused read_set_cookies function (#20187)
os, net.http.file: add a folder listing to the http static file server, started by file.serve/1 (#20192)
websocket: enable using an already existing connection (from vweb or another http server) (#20103)
x.vweb: fix fsanitize-address test for SSE, improve documentation on the usage of takeover_conn (#20249)
net.http: support -d no_vschannel on windows, to fix long waits, while connecting on some systems (#20265)
x.vweb: fix $vweb.html() integration in cgen for the newer x.vweb module (fix #20204)
net: support only ip and ip6 in net.tcp_listener (#20336)
x.vweb.assets: reimplement assets module for x.vweb (#20280)
x.vweb.sse: reimplement SSE module for x.vweb (#20203)
js.dom: add querySelector[All] and NodeList (#20240)

ORM

orm: fix code generation for an option time.Time field (#20031)
orm: fix the generated SQL for the "not equal" operator (#20321)

Database drivers

db.mysql: add support for the FreeBSD name of the mariadb client library (#20039)
db.pg: fix using postgresql on windows, improve instructions for installing it (#20053)
db.mysql: add ability to prepare and execute statements separately (#20146)
db.pg: fix compilation error with the msvc compiler on windows, and add readme (#20326)

Native backend

C backend

Fix generic fn returning fixed array (#19885)
Fix arrays alias built-in methods call(fix #19896) (#19910)
Fix generic array initialization (fix #19903) (#19916)
Fix option sumtype auto deref (#19919)
Ast, checker, cgen: fix interface embedded methods call(fix #16496) (#19936)
Fix ref and deref when an interface is used as a function parameter (fix #19947) (#19966)
Fix auto str for interface struct member which implements str method (#19970)
Fix generics call with interface arg (fix #19976) (#20002)
Fix lambda initialization on option struct field (fix #19474) (#19995)
Fix live mode on windows (#20041)
Fix the static from_string method of Enum across mods(fix #20050) (#20068)
Fix @[if xyz?] fn init() {}, add tests (#20096)
Fix assignment to the elements of an array of fixed arrays (#20133)
Fix mutable comptimeselector usage (fix #20027) (#20134)
Fix generics chans select (#20159)
Fix string interp with zero characters (fix #20199) (#20200)
Fix interface eq method with option and ref (fix #19441) (#20201)
Fix infix expr in method of mut receiver variable (#20225)
Fix cgen for thread wrappers, when spawning fns with with anon-fn array args and mut interfaces (fix #19425) (#20241)
Fix fixed array return when returning fixed array initialization (#20262)
Fix function generated code, when returning from match (#20263)
Fix in expression with mut and ref (fix #20268) (#20271)
Fix initialization of const string arrays on msvc (fix #20287) (#20289)
Fix code generation when 'in array init' is used as an if condition (fix #20300) (#20302)
Escape table names (fix #20313) (#20322)
Add missing clear method for generic maps (#20340)
Fix auto unwrapping option fn type (#20332)
Fix option initialization with default struct initialization to not be none (#20349)
Fix auto str for arr options with possible circular reference (#20354)
Fix code generation when the function returns mut fixed array (fix #20366) (#20367)

vfmt

vfmt: automate transition from the old [attribute] to the new @[attribute] syntax (#19912)
vfmt: remove empty __global() (#20004)

Tools

tools: fix already installed detection when running v install --once without args (#19838)
compress.gzip: change the endianness for validation to conform to the gzip file specification (fix #19839) (#19849)
tools: support v doc -run-examples math, to ensure that all // Example: code doc comments are working (#19852)
Fix v help in the prebuilt v executables from the zips in the releases
ci,tools: remove skips for the wasm backend, since binaryen is not required anymore (#19883)
tools.vpm: support again http installs, when installing from an url (workaround) (#19914)
tools.vpm: improve version detection of installed modules (#19933)
tools: fix v up, by not deleting ./v when missing a .git folder (#19965)
tools.vpm: fix installing of modules with conflicting names, extend tests (#19961)
tools.vpm: evaluate dependencies earlier to fix potential recursive install loop (#19987)
tools.vpm: add support for ssh and hg version installations (#20125)
tools: simplify and remove redundancies in vshader.v (#20161)
ci: add new workflow, for doing the slower tests in vpm specifically with -d network (#20177)
tools.vpm: improve detection of already parsed modules (#20223)
scanner: change -d debugscanner to -d trace_scanner for uniformity with the other tracing options, described in CONTRIBUTING.md
v.pref: support a -n option, silencing only notices (#20331)
ci: add vsql to v_apps_and_modules_compile_ci.yml too (#20341)
ci: fix the workflow for Vinix, using the rules in its own .yml file (#20371)
Support -? as alias to -help (implement #20355) (#20358)
vdoc: filter testdata and tests folders by default, reduce filesystem stats calls

Operating System support

os: small cleanup in the FreeBSD branch of os.executable/0: use fixed array for the sysctl params, instead of allocating a dynamic one (#20353)
os: improve os.executable() on OpenBSD (#20356)
v.util.diff: support OpenBSD's default diff tool (#20369)
os: fix os.open_file/3 wb mode creation of text files containing crlf on Windows (#20101)
os: fix File.tell for files > 2GB on windows, by using C._telli64(f.fd) (#20072)

Examples

encoding.xml: make functions public, add documentation, tests, fix attribute parsing for self-closing tags (#19901)
examples: show how to turn on CORS in a vweb server app
examples: serve the wasm mandelbrot project using a v web server (#19937)
examples: increase the resolution of the generated image in examples/wasm/mandelbrot
docs: update null convention in ORM example, since @[nonull] is no longer needed (#20286)
docs: add an example of a nullable ORM field (#20292)
example: add a path finding algorithm visualizer using gg (#20060)
examples: add an even smaller gg usage example, demonstrating how to always show the builtin fps counter, and how to avoid importing gx

V 0.4.3

11 November 2023

Improvements in the language

A new encoding.xml module with parser, validation, entity encoding, unit tests (#19708)
Better couroutines support (IO, networking)
Allocations in vweb apps reduced by 80%
Implement @VCURRENTHASH to replace C.V_CURRENT_COMMIT_HASH (#19514)
int => i64 on 64 bit, i32 on 32 bit (start of the transition)
Fix new int type promotion rules and cleanup native gen() (#19535)

Breaking changes

Request.cookies map has been deprecated. Replaced with Request.cookie() and Request.add_cookie().
Stricter rules for C types (they always have to be declared now)

Checker improvements/fixes

Turn the option/result split warning into an error
Turn propagation warning into an error (finishes the option/result split)
Fix fn call with option call argument in autofree mode (#19515)
Bring back pascal case check for aliases
C.xx = C.yy aliases
Allow casted integral types in match ranges (#19572)
Warn about byte deprecation, when used as a fn parameter (#19629)
Allow size of fixed array to be integral casts (#19663)
Fix generic array append (#19658)
Check error of implementing other module private interface (fix #19620) (#19688)
Extend byte deprecation warning to array init types (#19671)
Extend byte deprecation warnings to return types (#19668)
Fix negative cap, len checks in array init (#19694)
Turn warning for var and param module name duplicates into error (#19645)
Fix closure in if guard, including with multi_return (#19765)
Fix comptime enumdata value property access (#19768)
Fix field ?&Type without default value (#19786)
Avoid nil assign to option var (#19746)
Allow for a shared variable to be whole reassigned (keeping the same mutex state) (fix #15649) (#19751)

Parser improvements

Fix assigning static method to anon fn (#19499)
ast: fix formatting a struct declaration with a nested struct (#19592)
Add set_all + clear_all methods to [flag] enum bitfields (#19717)
ast: reduce cost of frequently called functions by using constants (#19733)
Warn on unused imports, even when they are declared via import math { sin, cos } (#19738)
ast: add missing docstrings for the public fns in vlib/v/ast/types.v (#19752)
Give a friendly error when misusing if over $if (#19810)
Add multiple struct attributes error for new attribute syntax

Compiler internals

checker, builder, pref: support -dump-defines - to help explore all the available user and system defines for a given program (#19576)
pref,builder: add support for -macosx-version-min 10.2 and -macosx-version-min 0 (with default of 10.7) (#19626)
pref: fix unintended file extensions in default output names, allow for v run file.c.v (#19745)
transformer: fix using a constant, instead of a fn parameter with the same name (fix #19766) (#19773)
maps: add maps.merge() and maps.merge_in_place() generic utility functions (#19776)
coroutines: only attempt to add/remove roots when GC is on.
markused: cleanup in mark_used(), use robust index names, instead of the much more brittle integer values (#19543)

Standard library

builtin: add an unsafe { a.reset() } method, for quickly setting all bytes in an array to 0
math.fractions: use operator overloading and deprecate old functions (#19547)
gg: fix the alignment of the bottom border of draw_rounded_rect_empty on macos and linux
crypto.bcrypt: fix bcrypt failure for valid pass and hash (fix #19558) (#19569)
sokol: update sokol to the latest version
builtin: fix sizeof(C.BOOL) (windows specific) (#19589)
math.big: fix incorrect division with negative numbers (fix #19585) (#19587)
os: add a convenient way to ignore certain system signals (#19632)
os: fix os.ls(folder) on windows, when a protected folder can not be opened (#19647)
os: add a convenient way to ignore certain system signals (#19639)
crypto.sha: fix calculating the same hash values when .sum() is called several times for sha1/256/512 (fix #19696) (#19697)
crypto.md5: fix calculating the same hash values, when .sum() is called several times (#19703)
os: add a new function execute_opt (#19723)
os: add os.page_size() (#19770)
os: implement os.fd_is_pending/1, os.Process.pipe_read/1, os.Process.is_pending/1 (#19787)
builtin: copy min/max integer values consts from math to builtin so that the entire math module doesn't have to be imported(#19809)
json2: add support for nested structs (#19579)

Web

vweb: add mime type support for static .md files
net.conv: add varinttou64 and u64tovarint functions, for the variable unsigned integer encoding, described in rfc9000 (for QUIC) (#19568)
net.http: support passing on_running, on_stopped, on_closed callback functions to http.Server{}, as well as show_startup_message: false. (#19591)
net: fix handling of spurious wake-up signals, lost when calling select() in mbedtls and openssl (continue on C.EINTR) (#19600)
net: use conv.hton* consistently, instead of $if tinyc { conv.hton16(port) } $else { u16(C.htons(port)) }
net.http: support passing an HTTP proxy server in http.fetch (#19606)
net.http: add a retry mechanism to http.fetch(), when the socket inevitably errors (#19660)
wasm: implement inline assembly (#19686)
net.http: increase max_redirects to 16 (#19743)
picoev: implement raw mode (#19771)
flag,json,net: handle C calls in .v files (part of enabling -W impure-v as default) (#19779)
net.http: add socks5|http(s) proxy support [Linux] (#19676)

ORM

orm: add null handling and option fields (#19379)
orm: make is_null/is_not_null unary ops; don't bind null in where (#19635)

Database drivers

pg: handle C calls, move to .c.v files (#19739)

Native backend

native: support -no-builtin (generate executables < 1KB Linux with v -no-builtin -b native examples/hello_world.v)
native: use i32 instead of int

C backend

Fix printing fixed array of options (#19479)
Fix struct field of fixed array init (fix #19483) (#19487)
Fix struct init with multi option fn type (#19491)
Ast, native, cgen: add support for $if native {} (#19500)
Fix maps with i32 keys
Fix for c stmt with option or result calls (#19641)
Fix infix op when handling comptime selector (#19691)
Fix array contains method with interface(fix #19670) (#19675)
Reduce expense in repetitively called functions by using consts (#19732)
Fix closure parameter judgment when var cross assign inside anon fn(fix #19734) (#19736)
Only generate free in wrapper for spawn and not go (#19780)
Fix g.obf_table data missing(fix #19695) (#19778)
Fix closure variable in smartcast (#19796)

vfmt

Remove additional line breaks after call_expr before params struct args (#19795)
Fix map value alignment when using keys with uft8 symbols (#19689)
Align ternary expressions in const blocks (#19721)
Respect range index expressions in match branches (#19684)
Respect raw strings in $embed_file(r'/some/path') expressions (#19753)
Fix formatting of struct field with default value and new attr syntax (#19683)
Recognize or blocks in call args (#19690)

Tools

all: add support for @LOCATION, for more convenient logging/tracing, without needing to combine @FILE, @LINE at runtime (#19488)
benchmark: add new methods b.record_measure/1 and b.all_recorded_measures/0 (#19561)
ci: update c2v workflow, translate doom on macOS (#19562)
strings: add Bulder.write_decimal/1 method (write a decimal number, without additional allocations) (#19625)
testing: add temporary file hash to prevent accidental collisions with test file binaries (#19710)
ci: compile VTL and VSL in their own CI job, with VFLAGS=-no-parallel
tools: fix windows install of an already existing module with vpm (#19761)
tools: use VPM_NO_INCREMENT env var to skip dl count increment when testing vpm (#19756)
tools.vpm: improve handling of urls that end with .git (#19758)
tools: fix resolving external dependencies in vpm, add test (#19772)
tools: cleanup and simplify vcreate, for upcoming fixes and features (#19794)
tools: improve error messages, add color coding and debug logging (#19781)
tools: fix v build-tools, make v test more robust (#19803)
tools: add parse_query to vpm (#19814)
ci: add macos arm64 binary release (#19823)
Require the presence of a v.mod file, to install external urls via vpm (#19825)
vcreate: fix v init with project names containing dashes (#19619)

Operating System support

Examples

tests: workaround name conflict, causing false positives with msvc on windows, when both tests were executed at the same time (locked executable)

V 0.4.2

30 September 2023

Improvements in the language

Short lambda expressions like a.sorted(|x,y| x > y) (#19390)
Support -os plan9, $if plan9 {, and _plan9.c.v (stage 1 for plan9) (#19389)
fmt: simplify the processing logic for removing inline comments (#19297)
Align the custom values of the enum fields (#19331)
Do not warn/error for import flag as _
Keep anon struct decl fields in interfaces (#19461)
Support -N, turning all notices into errors, to ease the process of finding places that may need attention/correction

Breaking changes

Remove inline comments (#19263)

Checker improvements/fixes

Disallow module name duplicates in local names (#18118)
Check enum fields with duplicate value (fix #19309) (#19310)
Disallow alias ptr cast of a map value (#19336)
Require else branch in [flag] enum match (#19375)
Disallow assigning pointer values to option struct fields (#19380)
Fix generic comparison for conditional assignment (#19401)
Allow using ! and ~ on aliased bool and integral types (#19403)
Warn -> error for uninitialized ref fields
Parser, checker: allow lambdas anywhere anonymous functions are expected (#19436)
Allow for each(a, |x| println(x)), i.e. using lambda expressions, when expecting fn (x int)
Check fixed array init with default expression (#19472)
Allow for const source = $embed_file(@FILE).to_string()
Fix C.type in imported modules

Parser improvements

parser: fix fixed array with eval const size (#19269)
parser: disallow using sql as name (#19298)
parser: fix ; support for module x;
parser: fix fixed array of option values (_ := [10]?int{}) (#19392)
parser: fix assigning with in another module sumtypes 2 (#19415)
Support ; statements, allowing for oneliners like ./v -e 'import os; println( os.ls(os.args[1])!.sorted(a > b) )' vlib/math (#19345)
v.ast: improve Stmt.str(), showing more details about ast.Block, ast.DeferStmt, ast.ForInStmt, ast.GlobalDecl

Compiler internals

pref: support -fast-math, passing either -ffast-math or /fp:fast (for msvc) to the C backend, and $if fast_math { to detect it at comptime
parser, transformer: fix transformer.infix_expr() and cleanup parse_types.v (related #19269) (#19276)
pref,builder: support -use-os-system-to-run to workaround segfaults using not fully updated xcode command line tools
v.builder: fix compiling code, that imports modules from both src/modules and modules (#19437)
os, v.builder: show more details, when a program ran by v run file.v, exits by a signal (fix #19412) (#19471)

Standard library

math: speedup the pure V math.pow implementation for non-fractional powers (#19270)
math: add more C. fn overrides, for the default C backend (speed up examples/path_tracing.v) (#19271)
time: add MMM support for parse_format() (#19284)
os: include sys/sysctl.h on FreeBSD to avoid implicit definition of sysctl function (#19293)
crypto.md5: change the Digest.write return type, from ?int to !int (#19311)
v.help: use os.executable() instead of @VEXE as an anchor, so v help will work more robustly.
toml: fix custom to_toml for complex structs (#19338)
vlib: add net.http.file, allowing for v -e "import net.http.file; file.serve()" (#19348)
vlib: remove functions and fields, deprecated before 2023-03-20
toml: fix toml encoding of complex types (#19408)
arrays: add a partition function, that splits a given array, based on a criteria, passed as a callback fn (#19417)
toml: add decoding for struct fields of type map[string]T (#19447)
arrays: add arrays.each, arrays.each_indexed, and tests for them
encoding.html: implement unescape() (#19267)

Web

net.http: fix http.fetch(), without explicit method (default again to .get, not to .acl)
net.http: default explicitly to Method.get for http.Request and http.FetchConfig too
examples: add examples/fetch_ip.v, showing how to contact http://ifconfig.co/json and parse the result
net.http: fix post error with https on windows (#19334)
net.ssl: implement SSLConn.peer_addr() (#19333)

ORM

orm: add references attribute to allow foreign key declarations on fields (#19349)
orm: support different foreign key types, not just an integer id (#19337)
orm: add support for V enum struct fields (#19374)
orm: quote table and field name in [references] (#19387)

Database drivers

db.pg: allow postgres connection using service definitions (#19288)

Native backend

native: make native tests pass on windows; refactor PE file generation (#19140)
native: parse dll files to resolve extern symbols (#19433)

C backend

Fix printing struct with thread field (#19320)
Fix the logic around the definition of VNORETURN and VUNREACHABLE (less warnings on FreeBSD) (#19316)
Add support for -d trace_cgen_stmt, document it in CONTRIBUTING.md
Fix printing smartcast interface variable (fix #18886) (#19372)
Fix interface with multiple embedded fields (#19377)
Fix channel of interface (fix #19382) (#19383)
Fix fixed array of option type default (#19397)
Fix interface with option field (#19434)
Fix promoting an alias typed value, to a sumtype of the alias's base type (fix #19407) (#19423)
Remove the special plan9 support code, treat it instead as a posix system in cheaders.v (#19445)
Fix printing slice of fn call string (#19450)
Fix type VType = &C.CType (#19452)
Fix array of fns index call with direct_array_access mode (#19460)

Tools

bench: a new bench/ directory for language benchmarks
ci: test the pure V math versions without .c.v overrides on the CI too (#19292)
github: add automatically info about voting to all new issues (#19351)
tools: add -E flag to v test-parser, that will show the partial source that caused the parser to fail with -no-builtin -check-syntax file.v
ci: bring back gitly
github: improve the voting message for issues (#19448)
vcreate: update templates, add lib (#19444)

Operating System support

builtin: use libgc-threaded on FreeBSD, to get the threaded version of libgc (#19294)

Examples

examples: add more .obj files for 06_obj_viewer (#19406)

V 0.4.1

3 September 2023

Improvements in the language

Pure array.sorted() and array.sorted_with_compare() methods, that do not modify their receivers (#19251)
UB overflow has been removed
Implement Enum.from_string(name string) for converting strings to enum values (#19156)
Disallow casting string to enum, suggest using Enum.from_string() instead (#19260)
Use autocasting in complex conditions (#18839)
Allow alias as fixed array on return (#18817)
Do not allow uninitialized function pointers
Fix compiling V programs with latest clang 16 on windows (clang 16 is stricter than clang 14) (#19095)
Fix anonymous struct with default expr (#19257)
Allow using consts as enum values (#19193)
@[attr] syntax to replace [attr] ([] is used for too many things). Most likely to be replaced with @attr() in the future.
Allow none for not first values on map initialization (#18821)
Make all .trace() methods generic on the type of the passed expression

Breaking changes

arr[1..4] now requires unsafe if the slice can modify the original immutable array.

Checker improvements/fixes

Disallow assigning nil to struct fields (#18725)
Use autocasting in complex if conditions (#18753)
Disallow invalid prefix on left side of assign stmt (#18750)
Allow no return in compile_error else block (#18758)
Fix interface param resolution (#18780)
Add an error for $tmpl function type mismatches (#18826)
Disallow voidptr cast to struct (#18845)
Fix type checker on auto deref var (#18842)
Check generic sumtype declaration (fix #18741) (#18865)
Fix closure with inherited sumtype variable (#18894)
"v -line-info" for a quick run to fetch info about objects on one line
Make sure vweb actions return vweb.Result
Do not allow modifying immutable vars via arrays with refs
Support @STRUCT in static methods
Fix generic struct field init recursively (related #19014) (#19025)
Fix struct field fntype value call (#19067)
Explicitly disallow creating type aliases of none, i.e. type Abc = none (#19078)
Fix assigning an array slice (fix #19120) (#19137)
Fix assigning array slice in struct init (#19150)
Check enum static from_string arguments errors (#19163)
Disallow taking the address of consts with int literal values (#19160)
Check struct embed with wrong position (#19245)
Optimize out needless string interpolations from the most common case in Checker.expr_or_block_err
Check error for or_expr inside infix expression (#19213)
Disallow thread as var name (#19174)
Check error for sumtype in array (#19183)
Disallow an empty chan type (#19167)

Parser improvements

Change warn to error, for const names with upper letter (fix #18838) (#18840)
Disallow declaring static functions as method receivers (#19007)
Disallow having builtin type as type names for enum, sum type and alias (#19043)
Support const x := 123, to make extracting locals as constants less annoying while prototyping
Fix struct field fn type with default value (fix #19099) (#19106)
Fix for i++; i<10; i++ { (fix #18445) (#19035)
Fix fn return alias of fixed array (#19116)
Fix generic struct init (Stack[&Person]{}) (fix #19119) (#19122)

Compiler internals

pref: make -autofree work without -gc none
builder,pref: allow thirdparty objects compilation with CPP compiler (#19124)
scanner: fix string interpolation with nested string interpolation in inner quotes p. 3 (#19121)
scanner: error early on an unsupported escape sequence in a string, like \_ (fix #19131) (#19134)
v.token: add inline next_to() and cleanup related calls (#19226)

Standard library

eventbus: add generic support for event name (#18805)
readline: add support for ctlr+w and ctrl+u shortcuts (#18921)
strconv.atoi: fix string.int() returning numbers for non number characters (fix #18875) (#18925)
builtin: reduce the number of array allocations for consts in all V programs (#18889)
builtin: move array.data to the top of the struct
os.notify: implement the kqueue backend for notify.FdNotifier (#19057)
vlib: add a new module builtin.wchar, to ease dealing with C APIs that accept wchar_t* (#18794)
arrays: add more util functions and tests for them - find_first, find_last, join_to_string (#18784)
vlib: use sync.new_mutex() consistently for initialising all vlib structures containing mutex fields
crypto.pem: add a static method Block.new, to replace new (#18846)
crypto.pem: add decode_only and general improvements to decoding (#18908)
log: improve the most common use case, it's no longer necessary to create a Log instance (#19242)
crypto.sha512: make the new384/0, new512_256/0, new512_224/0 functions public
json: fix option alias support (#18801)
time: fix parse_format with YY (#18887)
math.big: allow bitwise ops on negative signum (#18912)
math.big: make is_odd public and add test cases (#18916)
math.big: add checked division methods (#18924)
math.big: add isqrt_checked and standardize error format (#18939)
sokol: use GLCORE33 on linux
os,term.termios: add termios.set_state/2, state.disable_echo/0, use them in os.input_password, to fix v -os wasm32_emscripten examples/2048/
gg: implement Android specific APK asset loading for the create_image function (#19015)
sync: make sync.Direction public (#19047)
time: store time with nanosecond resolution in time.Time, deprecate Time.microsecond, add utility methods and tests (#19062)
time: add a format_rfc3339_nano() method to time.Time
time: add 'i', 'ii' in custom_format() for 12-hours clock(0-12-1-11) (#19083)
gg: expand the -d show_fps background, so fps>100 will not overflow it
Math.big: restore gdc_euclid, use it for smaller numbers, fix bench_euclid.v .
Add new generic arrays.uniq, arrays.uniq_only, arrays.uniq_only_repeated, arrays.uniq_all_repeated, arrays.distinct
builtin: add support for -d builtin_writeln_should_write_at_once and -d builtin_write_buf_to_fd_should_use_c_write (#19243)
builtin: always show the assert message, if it was defined in the source, in non test programs too (fix #19240)
time: check if a day is a valid day of its month (#19232)
toml: Add generic automatic decoding and encoding of simple structs, when they don't implement custom methods (#17970)

Web

http: Request.host
net.ftp: fix dir() for file names, which contain spaces (fix #18800) (#18804)
net.http: make listener public, and add addr in Server struct (#18871)
net.http.chunked: return !string on decode (#18928)
net.conv: rename functions to match other langs, making them easier t… (#18937)
wasm: remove dependency on thirdparty/binaryen, webassembly backend rewrite (#18120)
wasm: add a -wasm-stack-top flag to compiler (#19157)
net.mbedtls: add SSLListener to allow creating SSL servers (#19022)
picoev, picohttparser: reimplement in V (#18506)
vweb: fix parsing of form fields, send with multipart/form-data (by JS fetch)
vweb: make vweb route paths case sensitive (#18973)
net.mbedtls: have shutdown close accepted connections too (#19164)
http: add support for stream connections, and custom .on_redirect, .on_progress, .on_finish callbacks to http.fetch() (#19184)
vweb: add a user_agent utility method to the vweb context (#19204)
vweb: avoid the controllers having to be defined in specific order (#19182)

ORM

orm: fix inserting sequential values (id=0), in tables with an i64 primary field (#18791)
Add OR in where on update and delete (#19172)

Database drivers

vlib: remove deprecated pg, mysql, sqlite, mssql modules. Leave only the db. prefixed db.pg, db.mysql etc
db.mysql: add the exec family of methods (#19132)
db.sqlite: add exec_param_many and exec_param methods (#19071)
db.sqlite: make functions return results, breaking change (#19093)

Native backend

native: move functions out of amd64.v (#18857)

C backend

Fix selector code to use interface method table on closure when needed (#18736)
Fix nested or expr call (fix #18803) (#18807)
Ensure that << and >> has higher precedence in the generated C code, than arithmetic operations (diff between C and V precedences) (#18814)
Fix cross assign with aliased array (#18830)
Fix generated code for returning generic result/option to comptime var (#18834)
Fix option map with fn type value (#18849)
Fix returning an option tuple - fn f() ?(int,int) { return g() } (#18851)
Fix printing multiple fixed array (fix #18866) (#18879)
Fix infix expr with number overflow (fix #18905) (#18936)
Remove \r for consistency (#18962)
Allow dump(unsafe{nil}) and dump(voidptr(123)) in the same program
Implement fixed array of threads wait() (#19032)
Fix an error with ptr interpolation (fix #19048) (#19049)
Fix spawn call fn struct field(fix #18862) (#19096)
Fix bootstrapping on older macOS Catalina
Fix alias of array method call(fix #19125) (#19129)
Simplifications and clean up.
Fix mixed fixed array and array initializing (#19246)
Fix array sort with fn call parameter (fix #19220) (#19221)
Fix generic struct with option fn field (#19218)
Fix comptime assign with generic result return type (#19192)
Fix match with comptime if expr in branch (#19189)

Tools

ci: add v-analyzer builds (#18835)
ci: cleanup more the contents of the generated v_linux.zip, v_macos.zip, and v_windows.zip, use -skip-unused
tools: fix vcomplete for zsh (#18950)
tools: support a toc for projects, with single exposing module, in v doc (#19001)
Add support for v should-compile-all -c examples/, which will delete all the produced executables at the end
vgret: add install commands for ubuntu and arch to doc string (#19247)
fast.v: add favicon to the html produced by fast.v
vpm: implement multithreading (#19208)
Make performance_compare.v more robust and easier to use, by allowing v run cmd/tools/performance_compare.v too
Improve oldv windows support, make it use -municode for windows builds, make it support cmd.exe
Make repeated runs of oldv SAME_COMMIT -c "./v file.v", not use the network at all
Help: add link to the TESTS.md at the bottom of v help test, run CI checks on help markdown files as well
v.builder: show the number of files, types, modules, when a program is compiled with -stats
Improve the output of parser_speed.v and scanner_speed.v

V 0.4

1 July 2023

This release has a combined changelog from 0.3.1 to 0.3.5.

You can read it here:

https://github.com/vlang/v/blob/master/changelogs0.x/0.4.md

V 0.3.5

29 June 2023

Improvements in the language

Coroutines with a scheduler. Only Linux/macOS for now, requires -use-coroutines and coroutines.sleep() instead of time.sleep(). They work with IO and net, but not with GC for now.
spawn now spawns system threads, go spawns coroutines.
Static type methods: Foo.new() to replace factory functions like new_foo().
Smartcasting with complex conditions:if sum_type is Foo && !sum_type.is_info && get_name(sum_type.info.name) == 'foo' .
Functions can now return fixed size arrays.
Enum values now can have attributes.
Generic functions as function parameters are now supported: fn f[T](x T, i int, f_ Fn[T]) T { .
Anonymous structs can no longer have attributes.

Breaking changes

byte deprecated in favor of u8 (byte is automatically converted to u8 by vfmt).

Checker improvements/fixes

Disallow Result type aliases (type Foo = !Bar) and Result in maps (map[key]!Type).
Add a missing check for taking address of literal value member.
Fixed map initialization for maps with option values.
Allow a << none, where a is []?&int.
Disallow multiple else branches in a match.
Fix index expression with sumtype of array types.
Remove hardcoded check for function calls for C.stat, C.sigaction, etc.
Fix multiple embedded external module interface.
Fix missing check for diff type on map value declaration.
Simplify error handling in the checker (#18507).
Option alias fixes.
Fix alias to struct ptr on struct init.
Sumtypes can no longer hold references.
Fix a bug checking generic closures.
A hard to reach limit of 1 million iterations for resolving all generics.
Fix missing check for unwrapped shift operation.
Fix enum max value validation.
Add a missing mutability check for array.delete calls.
Disallow _ = <- quit.
Disallow type matching with primitive vars.
Warning instead of error for unnecessary brackets in if/match.
Include import aliases when checking for import duplicates.
Fix inferring generic array type in nested call.
Allow casted enum val and const as fixed array size.
Disallow multiple return values in const declarations.
Fix contains() with array of interfaces.
Disallow mut for blank idents.

Standard library

json: Enum value string serialization supports [json:'alias'] to change its string values.
Struct fields can now be skipped during JSON/ORM serialization via [json:'-'] and [sql:'-'], in addition to [skip]. This allows having custom behavior for different serialization methods.
builtin: heap usage API (gc_memory_use() and gc_heap_usage())
math.big: refactoring, gcd fixes/improvements, overflow fixes, mod_inverse.
flag: fix finalize with multiple shortargs.
runtime: add new functions total_memory/0 and free_memory/0.
time: small cleanup of parse_iso8601 comments, make the C.strftime declaration forwards compatible
stbi: allow customization of number of channels in stbi.load().
stbi: add a resize_uint8 function for resizing images in memory.
time, x.json2: improve iso8601 time decoding.
builtin: zero out internal map/array pointers on m.free(), to reduce the work for the GC mark phase for non escaping maps/arrays, used in hot loops.
time: add more detailed error descriptions, add custom format parsing with time.parse_format.
sync: add Mutex.destroy and RwMutex.destroy methods.
datatypes: add Bloom filter.
rand: add missing rand.u16(), update doc comments, add test.
builtin: speed up string methods with vmemcpy instead of for loop for copying data.

Web

The builtin websocket library is now thread safe.
Enhanced builtin csrf protection in vweb.
vweb: ability to set and get values on vweb.Context.
vweb: support for host specific static files.
vweb: host option added to controller, and a new host attribute.
vweb: middleware docs improved; same with docs for [vweb_global] and shared.
vweb: return 404 on file not found.
net.http: copy IANA's list of methods to the http.Method enum.
net.conv: use a pure V implementation instead of C.hton etc.
net.html: get_tag() methods to find first tag occurrence.
net.html: fixed text parsing for inline tags.
net.html: fix parsing of nested quoted strings in code tags.
picoev: FreeBSD support.

ORM

Fixed a foreign key bug that could result in an extra insert.
Comptime bug with [skip] and [sql:'-'] fixed.
Checker error for unsupported field types.
Allow structs without the id field, more flexible primary keys.
Improved docs and examples.
Uninitialized structs are no longer inserted into related tables.

Database drivers

mysql: TIMESTAMP support.
mysql: allocate memory for each string and blob dynamically depending on its value length.
mysql: add the ability to commit transactions.

Native backend

Refactoring, splitting large files into multiple.

C backend

Fix code generation for generic unions.
Fix [N]chan (fixed arrays of channels).
Fix nested fixed array instantiation.
Fix fixed array of map.
Fix stringification of usize struct fields (before, they were treated as 32 bit signed numbers).

Comptime

A new $res comptime function to get returned value in defer block (#18382).
Fix comptimeselector option propagation.
A mutability check for comptime assignments.
Fix comptime assigning to sumtype or indexexpr.
Make comptime calls work with or-block.

Tools

A new VPM site: vpm.vlang.io. A better design, discoverability of packages, descriptions, most downloaded packages etc.
vpm: installation of mixed modules.
v ls --install -p D:\path\vls.exe to install a local vls executable.
vdoc: highlight comments with gray color.
vet: allow vetting files with global variables.
Make util.launch_tool/3 more robust, by recompiling V tools always in a known current working folder.

V 0.3.4

30 Apr 2023

Breaking Changes

The following changes may break compilation of existing code or change behavior at runtime:

json: enums are serialized as strings by default, [json_as_number] attribute can be used for the old behavior.

If you are serializing enums to JSON in your application, then you will need to add the [json_as_number] attribute to keep the old behavior!
Variable shadowing has been completely banned (previously variable names could conflict with module names).

Web

vweb now supports live page reloading. The web app is instantly updated in the browser (no need to refresh the page) every time a .v or a .html file is changed.
vweb is now significantly faster and more stable under load, due to a new multithreaded worker pool, which is much more efficient at spreading the workload among all threads equally.
vweb now supports middleware.
vweb now supports controllers. It's now possible to have multiple app structs to better separate logic.
vweb now supports overridable .not_found() method for custom 404 pages in vweb.
vweb now uses database pool.
Fixed multipart form parsing in vweb.

Backends

A new pure WASM backend, based on binaryen, a WASM builtin module, and a pure V WASM serialization library.
Lots of fixes and new features in the native backend, including making codegen logic platform independent.
Now code generated by the С backend, can be compiled by a C++20 compiler.
C backend does not generate unused interface functions now.

Compiler CLI

v share file.v for sharing code via the playground.
v up speed up for when it hasn't been run for a long time (vc/ bootstrapping has been optimized).
v init no longer overwrites existing src/main.v.
v self now uses a faster TCC backend on macOS (Intel/Apple Silicon), just like on Windows/Linux.
A new command line flag -e for running short V programs on command line: v -e "println(2+5)" ( works just like in Perl).
A new -ldflags option, in addition to -cflags. Works just like LDFLAGS in C.

ORM

All ORM queries now return ![] (Result of an array). This allows handling/propagating DB errors and simplifies working with ORM (one way).
Many ORM improvements: type checks for limit/offset/order by/where; support of reference objects in insert; struct fields can be used with limit/offset; Connection interface.

ORM now supports the like operator:

users := sql db {
    select from User where name like 'Bob%'
}

A new -d trace_orm option to see all SQL queries generated and used by V ORM and -d trace_pg_error to trace PG errors.

Standard Library

Added new termios module.
net.ssl: types using ssl contexts can now be converted to strings via .str()/printed via println().
v.reflection: added type symbol info metadata.
crypto and math modules have been updated to use Result instead of Option.
datatypes.LinkedList[map] now works correctly.
urllib.Values.get() now returns an Option.
strconv: v_printf() was made private, v_sprintf() was deprecated. String interpolation should be used instead.
net.http: mime types have been updated to include all official types.
gg: create_image() now returns !Image instead of Image, allowing to handle errors.
sokol: errors during image creation no longer result in a panic, but can be handled by the programmer.
sokol: macOS apps can now be quit using Cmd+Q.
os.hostname() and os.loginname() now return Result.
strconv.atoi optimizations.
println() now supports arrays with recursive references.
termux: support for cross-compilation from termux to other platforms.
readline module now works much better on macOS: key navigation, history, etc (now on par with Linux).
os: fixed a memleak in getline().
os.Process now has a create_no_window option (Windows only).
os.Process now has a set_work_folder() method to set the initial working folder of the new child process.

Option as a first class type

Final steps in making the Option type a first class type:

If guards now work with struct fields which are Option functions. Such fields can now also be assigned to other fields/variables.
Option receivers can no longer have methods.
none can now be cast to all Option types, including aliases.
Option references are now supported: ?&Type.
Arrays of Options are now allowed.
Allow foo := Foo{}, when Foo has an Option field, that is a struct, that has a [required] tag on its fields.

Compile-time Reflection

Compile-time interface fields evaluation.

Compile-time enum evaluation:

$for item in MyEnum.fields {
    println(item.value)
    println(item.name)
}

Added $option as a compile-time reflection type representing an any Option type.
All special compile-time reflection types are now lowercase ($int, $enum, $option, etc).

Checker Improvements/Fixes

Enums can no longer be initialized like structs.
Capture variables can no longer shadow anonymous function params.
Mixing multi-return results with other types in return statements is no longer allowed.
Assigning anonymous structs to named structs is no longer allowed.
[required] fields are now checked for embedded structs.
Fixed a bug with closures with fixed array variables.
Builtin methods first/last/repeat can now be used in custom user types (previously they only worked in builtin arrays).

Generic struct initialization no longer needs explicit types to be provided:

struct Foo[T, U] {
	a T
	b U
}

foo := Foo{
	a: 2
	b: 'x'
}

println(foo)

unsafe: dereferencing nil references is no longer allowed in the following case:
```
a := unsafe { nil }
println(*a)
```

OSes

Added basic QNX support.

Other changes

Lots of documentation/readme improvements.
Lots of playground improvements: play.vlang.io, including a really cool feature: "Show generated C code".
A new [spawn_stack: 131072] function attribute for controlling the max size of the stack of the spawned threads.
Channel pop now works with an or block: ch := <-self.item or { return none }
it has been renamed to index in array inits.
"Is V still fast?" web-page has been sped up by splitting the result table into multiple years.

Development

GitHub Copilot summaries in PRs.

V 0.3.3

30 Jan 2023

Improvements in the language

String interpolation simplified to just '${name}', enforced by vfmt, and updated in the entire code base.
go foo() has been replaced with spawn foo() (launches an OS thread, go will be used for upcoming coroutines instead).
vfmt now supports // vfmt off and // vfmt on for turning off the formatting locally for short snippets of code. Useful for keeping your carefully arranged matrices intact.
Match branch range expressions with consts: match x { const1...const2 {} }
Hot code reloading via [live] is now supported in imported modules, not just the main module.
Syntax sugar for map inits without needing explicit casts for interfaces: all.children := { "abc": rect, "def": ui.rectangle()}.
$embed_file() fixes, including variable args support.
none fixes: no longer allowed to be used as a separate type, dump() support, not allowed inside unsafe.
Const functions: const y = term.yellow, then println(y('abc')).
Builtin type names can no longer be used as identifiers.
Generic typeof[T](), sizeof[T](), isreftype[T]() functions.
Deprecated -error-limit in favour of the documented -message-limit option.
Maps now support aliased keys.
Operator overloading now works with reference types.
Generic struct inits with nested generic structs and generic optional types are now allowed.
During array creation, len: is required when using default values for the array.
Optimized one byte []u8 arrays creation.
Recursive aliasing is no longer allowed (e.g. type Alias = map[string]Alias).

Breaking changes

[] is now used for generics instead of <>.
Accessing a pointer map value requires an or {} block outside unsafe.

Checker improvements/fixes

Lots of fixes in the type checker.
Int signedness mismatch is now checked: cannot use literal signed integer as u8.

Standard library

math.vec module for generic vector math including 2D, 3D, and 4D vector operations.
Builtin stb_image.h used by gg has been updated to the latest v2.28.
All of vlib has been updated to use separate Option/Result types.
To avoid confusion, all references in the code and documentation to Optional have been replaced with Option.
gg.Context pipeline has more effects, including the additive effect.
Much cleaner eof checks in os: refactor err == IError(os.Eof{}) to err is os.Eof.
Lots of work on x.json2, the pure V json encoder, soon to become official.
New v.reflection module for runtime reflection.
Improved os.mv(), which now works consistently even across different windows drives/mount points.
string.trim_indent(), useful with multi line strings, that start/end with new lines and indentation.
Reduced memory consumption in the crypto modules.
Official V UI library is now licensed under MIT.
Deprecated math.util and math.mathutil have been removed.
New time format support: time.format_rfc3339().
encoding.html.escape().
All public functions in the hash and encoding.base32 modules have been documented.
New crypto.pem module.
New map.reserve() method.

Web

Improved vweb stability under load.

ORM

Various ORM fixes and improvements, including string interpolation support, type checks, fn calls in where.

Database drivers

VFS support in the builtin sqlite module; sqlite.get_affected_rows_count().
Improved pg compatibility with older PostgreSQL versions before 2014.
sqlite, pg, mysql have been moved to db.sqlite, db.pg, db.mysql.

Native backend

Operator support for floats, multi return.

Comptime

Improved compile time checks, like $if x is Type {; $if T in [$Array, $Struct, $Alias, $Function] {.
$for in works with alias types.
New comptime features for fields: field.is_<field>, field.is_alias, field.is_enum.

OS support

Installation instructions for using V on NixOS.
Better make support for OpenBSD.
Much improved experience for v install pcre on Windows (it now bundles its own .c files, so it compiles cleanly, even if the platform does not have another pcre package installed).
V can now be compiled with tcc on latest macOS and Apple Silicon.

Tools

fast.vlang.io fixes & improvements, new server.
New official IntelliJ plugin: https://intellij-v.github.io.
Lots of new language documentation, a nicer table of contents.
Improved documentation for most of the vlib modules
make.bat & v up improvements on Windows.
TeamCity test runner support via v -test-runner teamcity foo_test.v.
CI optimizations for faster runs.
New official AdventOfCode repo with AOC solutions, also added to CI.
More detailed timings in v -show-timings.
v new <name> web for quickly scaffolding new web projects.

V 0.3.2

31 Oct 2022

Improvements in the language

New simplified string interpolation: println("Hello, {name}!"). It will be the only way, old syntax (${name} and $name) will be deprecated.
Easier custom error creation: return MyCustomErr{} instead of return IError(MyCustomErr).
All floats outputs now have .0 conditionally appended to them to improve clarity.
Custom integer enum types: enum Xyz as u64 {.
AST transformer fixes and optimizations.
Stylistic improvements and bug fixes in vfmt.
Casting integers to enums now requires unsafe{}.
Improved error and warning messages.
Parallel compilation now uses sync.Pool.
-skip-unused fixes, soon to be made the default.

Breaking changes

No breaking changes

Checker improvements/fixes

Improved type checker: lots of new type checks and fixed checker bugs.
Unused last expression in if is now checked.
Anonymous structs visibility issues fixed.

Standard library

net.ssl has been migrated from a dynamically linked OpenSSL to a statically linked Mbed TLS. This means that V binaries will no longer have an OpenSSL dependency. OpenSSL can still be enabled via -d use_openssl.
msgpack module for decoding/encoding msgpack. (v install msgpack)
Most of vlib has been updated to use the new Option/Result types.
net, net.http, vweb bugs and fixes.
QuadTree and RingBuffer types in datatypes.
Forward iterator for datatypes.LinkedList<T>, forward and backward iterators for datatypes.DoublyLinkedList<T>.
A new maps module, similar to existing arrays. It has generic filter, flatten, invert, to_map, to_array, from_array functions.
utf8.is_number(), utf8.is_space() functions.
New encoding.base32 module.
gg.TouchPoint to differentiate between different types of touch input.
str.int() conversion speedup (without -prod).

Web

vweb.csrf module.

ORM

Support parenthesized expressions like select from User where (name == 'Sam' && is_customer == true) || id == 1.

Native backend

Lots of native backend improvements, including library calls, comptime conditionals, enums, method definitions/calls, structs.

V interpreter

Some further interpreter work.

C backend

cgen cleanups.

OS support

Removed the need for the [console] attribute in Windows GUI apps.
More precise WINAPI declarations for easier integration on Windows.
More CI tests on FreeBSD.

Tools

New stunning playground with an improved look and feel, a much better and more responsive editor, code sharing by link, more convenient keyboard control, reusability for potential embedding: https://play.vlang.io.
Improved call tracing via -trace-calls.
Lots of documentation improvements, including a better documentation of the recent Option/Result split.
V REPL: Home/End keys support. Lots of clean up.

V 0.3.1

31 Aug 2022

Improvements in the language

Anonymous structs.
Lots of bug fixes: 90% of all bugs ever submitted are closed.
New keyword/type: nil. Only to be used inside unsafe. Replaces voidptr(0).
V can now find code in the src/ directory. This allows making V repos much cleaner.
Support assert condition, extra_message, where the extra_message will be evaluated and shown if the assertion fails.
Operator overloading now works with aliases and generics.
Scanner optimizations.
Using C's #define is no longer allowed in normal V code, only in .c.v files.

Breaking changes

Anonymous sumtypes have been removed (deprecated for now) due to complicating the language and the compiler too much.

Checker improvements/fixes

More type checks.
Lots of fixes in shared types.

Standard library

os.mkdir() now has an optional mode parameter.
encoding.csv is now generic, supports bools, accepts a custom delimiter, and is compatible with io.Reader/io.Writer.
datatypes module now uses operator overloading.
All datatypes types can be converted to V arrays.
smtp improvements including multiple recipients and base64/utf8 support.
arrays.carray_to_varray<T>() for converting C arrays to V arrays.
strconv.v_sprintf() has been deprecated in favor of string interpolation.
TOML module now supports [toml:...] attributes, just like the JSON module.
os.walk() is no longer recursive (still works the same).
io has been migrated to Result.
Third party window control in Sokol.
string.replace_char(), math.round_sig().
Improved multiplication performance in math.big.

Web

net.urllib ipv6 support.
net.Http.Response.text renamed to body.
net.websocket timeout is now configurable.

ORM

ORM functions now return Result, so the errors can be handled.

Database drivers

Native backend

Major improvements to the fast native backend including linking support on Linux. The goal is to be able to self host V soon.

V interpreter

V interpreter improvements.

C backend

Parallelized cc step. Speeds up -prod and clang/gcc compilation by 300-500% (depending on the number of cores). Experimental and hidden behind a -parallel-cc flag, soon to be the default.
Intel C compiler support.
Go backend fixes.
#preinclude for low level C interop.

OS support

Full termux support via $if termux {, more predictable logging on Android.
Older macOS support (<10.12).
Windows code has been removed from v.c distributed on non-Windows systems. (v_windows.c is used on Windows.)

Tools

DOOM is now translated/compiled and launched on CI servers. A screenshot of the running game is made via vgret and is compared to the expected result.
VLS performance improvements, especially on Windows.
v ls tool for installing, for updating, and for launching VLS (V Language Server).
v doc now has syntax highlighting.

V 0.3

30 Jun 2022

C to V translation via C2V: v translate file.c. (Demo video: Translating DOOM from C to V, building it in under a second and running it!)
Lots of bug fixes in V, cgen, and C interop to allow running translated DOOM.v.
Programs built with the V compiler no longer leak memory by default.
Closures. All operating systems are supported. (Demo)
Option and Result are now separate types: ?Foo and !Foo respectively. Old code will continue working for 1 year and will result in a warning/hint.
Hundreds of new checks in the type checker.
All V's backends have been split up into separate processes. As the result, building V got 26% faster.
Maps and arrays can now return options: m[bad_key] or { ... }, if x := arr[key] { ... }.
ustring has been replaced with []rune (works just like in Go).
Maps can now have non-string keys.
A new compiler pass for transforming the AST (doesn't slow the compiler too much, adds about 25ms to v self). It eliminates unreachable branches and performs other simple optimizations and transformations.
C backend is now parallel (just the cgen part for now).
Lots of compiler source code clean up and minor optimizations. The compiler got ~30% faster according to fast.vlang.io.
Better compiler source code organization (absolutely necessary as it's surpassed 100k loc).
The naming of V's integer types is now more consistent: byte has been renamed to u8. Old code will continue working for 1 year and will result in a warning/hint.
The typo detector now highlights the suggested name so that it's more visible.
datatypes module now has Heap, Queue, Stack, BSTree, LinkedList.
Interfaces can now be embedded (like structs).
vlib now has a TOML parser, fully compatible with TOML 1.0.
Lots of work done on the V.js backend, including the graphics library, which has been ported to V.js.
JS promises, await (V.js).
It's now possible to do more complex array initialization by using each individual element of the array ([]int{init: it}).
Unsigned right shift operators >>> and >>>= have been added to V. (They work exactly like in Java.)
-nofloat option, which is useful for writing kernels and for embedded systems without an FPU (used in Vinix).
Generic interfaces.
TCC is now bundled with the language, this allows building V programs without an external C compiler dependency.
Null can be used in unsafe only (for example, for C interop).
Pointer arithmetic and comparing pointers to numbers is now also only allowed in unsafe.
Inline sumtypes.
New module compress.gzip.
Lots of net/net.http/vweb fixes (also used for the upcoming Gitly launch).
IPv6 support.
net.http headers are now enum fields instead of strings. This allows to avoid typos and offers autocomplete.
Struct field deprecation.
Static GC (no longer a dynamic lib dependency).
New various algorithms for random number generation: MT19937RNG, etc (module rand).
Fix immutability bugs that allowed to bypass compiler immutability checks and modify const/immutable values.
Lots of fixes in the JSON serializer.
Heap allocated only structs marked with [heap].
Significantly improve lots of error messages, make them more clear, suggest hints.
Bug fixes and new features in the pure V regex module.
Lots of new drawing functions in the graphics module (like gg.draw_polygon_filled(), gg.draw_arc_empty() etc)
Builtin FPS display in gg.
Latest Sokol backend in gg.
Advanced CI tests for the graphics module. Graphical apps are run on GitHub Actions instances, their output is saved to an image, uploaded, and compared to the expected result.
More bug fixes in generics.
Bug fixes in aliases. They can now fully replace the types they alias.
[minify] struct attribute for struct minification.
for in now works with fixed arrays.
The parser was made a bit faster by skipping vfmt code when not in vfmt mode (by using -d vfmt).
Lots of vfmt improvements, especially with comments.
Experimental #[index] syntax for negative indexing (like in Python, but needs special syntax instead of being used by default).
Visibility bug fixes in modules (pub).
Error propagation in complex expressions (e.g. foo(bar()?)).
Optionals can now by used in consts (const x := opt() or {}).
Lots of new documentation, including vlib modules documentation and the official V Documentation.
vpm improvements (including a new vpm mirror).
sync improvements including sync.thread_id(), sync.Once..
V can now be used to generate object files (foo.o) that can be used in existing C projects.
-usecache and -skip-unused fixes, they are close to being on by default.
Lots of Windows issues fixed.
Amazon Linux support.
Fixes in shared maps and arrays.
term.ui improvements, including multi byte/UTF-8 events.
New crypto modules, including crypto.des, crypto.cipher, crypto.blowfish.
Comptime fixes.
4 byte bool option (-d 4bytebool) for compatibility with some C software.
strconv (pure V formatting module used in string interpolation) fixes and performance improvements.
ORM fixes (pg, mysql, sqlite). Tables are now created automatically based on the V structs, no more need in sql files to create tables for apps.
volatile keyword.
"stringliteral".len optimization (replaced by the actual number by the new transform pass).
Lots of inline assembler improvements (it's used a lot in Vinix).
Many new functions in the math module.
Separators in number literals: 1_000_000.
strings.Builder optimizations and new methods.
Autofree fixes (still not production ready, hidden behind the -autofree flag).
Lots of Android fixes in V and in vab.
Lots of commits to the native backend (amd64/arm64).
V interpreter fixes. (Still at an early stage.)
Go2V translator has been started by the community, and can already translate simple programs.
An early version of the Go backend (v -b go -o file.go file.v).

V 0.2.4

30 Aug 2021

Introduce isize and usize types, deprecate size_t in favor of usize.
Add datatypes and datatypes.fsm modules.
Add compile_error and compile_warn comptime functions.
Bare metal support. Vinix OS kernel is now being developed in V.
Builtin web framework vweb is now multithreaded, all CPU cores are used.
String interpolation and struct stringers are now implemented in pure V with a much cleaner and faster implementation. Previously libc's sprintf was used.
Improved unused variable warning. Assigning to a variable no longer marks it as used. ... lots of missing changelog for this version, sorry (will update a bit later)

V 0.2.2 - 0.2.3

22 Jan 2021

Allow interfaces to define fields, not just methods.
vweb now uses struct embedding: app.vweb.text('hello') => app.text('hello').
Consts can now be declared outside of const() blocks: const x = 0.
Overloading of >, <, !=, ==, <= and >= operators.
New struct updating syntax: User{ ...u, name: 'new' } to replace { u | name: 'new' }.
byte.str() has been fixed and works like all other numbers. byte.ascii_str() has been added.
Smart cast in for loops: for mut x is string {}.
[noinit] struct attribute to disallow direct struct initialization with Foo{}.
Array decompose: [1, 2, 3]... is now ...[1, 2, 3]
Treating enum as int and operations on enum except == and != are removed for strict type checking.
Support [manualfree] fn f1(){} and [manualfree] module m1, for functions doing their own memory management.
Allow usage of < and > operators for struct in .sort method for arrays, i.e. arr.sort(a < b).
Auto generate assignment operators like +=, -=, *=, /= and %= if the operators are defined.
Colorize and improve failing tests output.
Fix go with a generic function: go test<string>(c, 'abcd').
Add comptime x := $embed_file('v.png') println(x.len) println(ptr_str(x.data())), for embedding files into binaries.
Advanced vdoc search on mobile layout.
string's left()/right were removed in favor of slicing syntax: str[..pos].
gg: native graphics mode on macOS/iOS (using Cocoa Drawing API).
Full path to consts must be specified everywhere. This makes it easy to distinguish them from local variables.
__offsetof for low level needs (works like offsetof in C).
vfmt now preserves empty lines, like gofmt.
Support for compile time environment variables via $env('ENV_VAR').
Allow method declaration of == and < operators and auto generate !=, >, <= and >=.
support dump(expr), i.e. tracing of both the location, name and value of an expression
deprecate os.exec in favour of os.executable() which does NOT return an option, when the command was not found

V 0.2.1

30 Dec 2020

Hashmap bootstrapping fixes.
Array decomposition to varargs: fn sum(i ...int) int => a := [2,3,4] println(sum(a...))
HTML module docs generated by vdoc now have global search.

V 0.2

22 Dec 2020

Compile-time memory management via -autofree (not production ready yet). Video demonstration.
Channels and locks.
Thread safe typed arrays via keyword shared.
Struct embedding.
IO streams (io.Reader, io.Writer etc).
A powerful websocket module that conforms to RFC 6455 and passes the Autobahn test suite (498 client tests and 249 server tests).
The net module is now non blocking and is more feature complete providing similar API to Go.
V's graphics module now uses Metal/DirectX/OpenGL instead of just OpenGL.
V can now run in the browser via WASM and execute V code by translating it to JavaScript: https://v-wasm.now.sh
V binaries for Linux/Windows/macOS are now built and deployed automatically via GitHub Actions.
Smart casting for sumtypes and interfaces, including complex expressions: if x.expr is int { println(x.expr + 1) }.
Clean and easy way to sort arrays: users.sort(a.name > b.name).
A huge amount of vfmt fixes and improvements. It has now reached a point where it can be safely used on any V source file.
A new CI job that runs v fmt -verify on the entire code base, a new command that makes sure the file/directory has been vfmt'ed. This ensures that all code submitted to the V project is formatted.
A new tool v vet for analyzing the project and finding potential bugs and errors.
A new term.ui module for building dynamic terminal UIs with an example editor written in it.
Early iOS and Android support.
All missing ORM features from the old backend were brought back.
Magic it variable has been replaced with smart casts (the change is completely handled by vfmt).
Cross-compiling to Windows and Linux brought back.
C2V can now generate wrappers. Example: https://github.com/medvednikov/libsodium. (C2V will be released by 0.3)
C++ compiler support: code, generated by the C backend can now by compiled by C++ compilers.
Short generics syntax: foo(5) instead of foo<int>(5).
Cached modules via -usecache. Faster compilation due to not needing to rebuild the entire vlib for each program. Will be enabled by default in 0.2.1.
New improved sum types implementation.
Lots of errors that happen often during the development cycle were turned into warnings to increase development speed. They are still errors in production builds.
Labeled break and continue.
Lots of documentation. The official language documentation grew 3 times in size.
modules.vlang.io is now generated automatically on every commit.
Builtin compile-time JSON serializer now supports time.Time.
Fixes in type aliases, to make them behave just like the types they alias.
array.contains(element) is now generic.
Lots of improvements in the JS backend and its type system.
Simpler and more constinent function arg syntax: foo(a int, b int, c string) instead of foo(a, b int, c string)
Lots of fixes and optimizations in the hashmap.
Lots of missing checks in the type checker were added (for example, checking the correct usage of public struct fields).
Mutability bug fixes
Taking the address of a map value is no longer allowed, like in Go.
Matrix multiplication.
A new #pkgconfig flag to provide platform independent way to get compilation flags for C libraries/packages.
Explicit parentheses requirement in complex boolean expressions.
println was made even smarter, and can now handle complex types.
Precompiled text templates can now be used outside of vweb via $tmpl().
Gitly, a big web application written in vweb has been released: https://github.com/vlang/gitly
['/:arg1/:arg2/action'] vweb action attribute for easily getting query parameters assigned to method arguments.
Improved performance of text rendering, gg.text_width().
Webview module in V UI.
Binary enum flags.
[export] attribute to change exported function name (for example for calling from a C library).
unsafe fixes and improvements.
Improvements to rand: rand.ulid(), rand.uuid(), a unified customizable PRNG API.
Hundreds of other fixes, features, and tests (from now on the changelog will be updated right away as the feature/bug fix lands).

V 0.1.27

5 May 2020

vfmt has been re-written from scratch using the new AST parser. It's much faster, cleaner, and can format files with compilation errors.
strconv, sprintf, and printf in native V, without any libc calls.
Interfaces are now a lot more stable and have all expected features.
Lots of x64 backend improvements: function calls, if expressions, for loops, local variables.
map() and filter() methods can now be chained.
New []int{cap:cap, len:len} syntax for initializing array length and capacity.
New is keyword for checking the type of sum types and interfaces.
as can now be used to cast interfaces and sum types.
Profiling with -profile. Prints a nice table with details about every single function call: number of calls, average time per call, total time per function
import(xxx) syntax has been removed in favor of import xxx for simplicity and greppability.
Lots of fixes and improvements in the type checker.
time.StopWatch
dl module for dynamic loading.
Automatic str() method generation for every single type, including all arrays.
Short struct initialization syntax for imitating named function args: foo(bar:0, baz:1).
New operator !in.
Performance improvements in critical parts of the builtin data structures (array, map).
High order functions improvements (functions can now be returned etc).
Anonymous functions that can be defined inside other functions.
Built-in JSON module is back.
Lots and lots of new tests added, including output tests that test error messages.
Multiple errors are now printed, the compiler no longer stops after the first error.
The new JS backend using the AST parser (almost complete).
Variadic functions.
net.websocket module (early stage).
vlib is now memory leak free, lots of autofree improvements.
Simplified and cleaned up cmd/v, v.builder.
V UI was updated to work with the new backend.

V 0.1.25

1 Apr 2020

The entire compiler has been re-written with an AST parser. The code is now a lot cleaner and more maintainable. ~15k lines of old compiler code were removed.

V 0.1.24

31 Dec 2019

A new parser/generator built on top of an AST that simplifies code greatly and allows to implement new backends much faster.
Sum types (type Expr = IfExpr | MatchExpr | IntegerLiteral).
B-tree map (sped up the V compiler by ~10%).
v fmt -w.
The entire code base has been formatted with vfmt.
Generic structs.
SDL module.
Arrays of pointers.
os: is_link(), is_dir(), exists().
Ranging through fixed size arrays.
Lots of fixes in ORM and vweb.
The first tutorial: building a simple web application with vweb
Match expressions now must be exhaustive.
freestanding: malloc()/free().
++ is now required instead of += 1 for consistency.
Interpolated strings now allow function calls: println('val = $get_val()').
string.replace_each([]) for an efficient replacement of multiple values.
More utf8 helper functions.
-prealloc option for block allocations.
type aliases.
Running v with an unknown command will result in an error.
atof implementation in pure V.
Enums can now have negative values.
New filepath module.
math.factorial.
ftp module.
New syntax for casting: val as Type.
Fewer libc functions used (soon V will have no dependency on libc).

V 0.1.23

30 Nov 2019

Direct x64 machine code generation. Hello world being built in 3 milliseconds.
Bare metal support via the -freestanding flag, to build programs without linking to libc.
Prebuilt V packages for Linux, macOS, and Windows.
string.index() now returns ?int instead of int/-1.
Lots of fixes in Generics.
vweb framework for developing web applications is back.
Vorum, the forum/blogging software written in vweb, can now be compiled and has been added to CI.
REPL, v up have been split up into separate applications to keep the core V compiler small.
V now enforces short enum syntax (.green instead of Color.green) when it's enough.
V UI for macOS.
Interfaces have been rewritten. []interface support.
os.cp() for copying files and directories.
Additional compile-time flags: $if clang, msvc, mingw, x32, x64, big_endian, little_endian {.
All C functions now have to be declared, all missing C functions have been defined.
Global variables (only with the -enable-globals flag) for low level applications like kernels and drivers.
Nothing can be cast to bool (previously code like if bool(1) { worked).
<< and >> now work with all integer types.
V detects Cygwin and shows an error (V supports Windows natively).
Improved type checking of some operators (%, |, & etc).
Windows 7 support.
println(true) now prints true instead of 1.
os.exec() now uses CreateProcess on Windows.
fast.vlang.io website for monitoring the performance of V after every commit.
On Windows Visual Studio is now used automatically if GCC is not installed.
vfmt!
Lots of cleaning up in the compiler code.
Multi-level pointers in unsafe code (****int).
MSVC backtrace.
$if os { blocks are now skipped on a different OS.
C string literals (c'hello').
AlpineLinux/musl fixes + added to CI.
Inline assembly.
Clipboard module (Windows, macOS, X).
foo()? syntax for error propagation.
Docs have been migrated from HTML to doc/docs.md.
eventbus module.
Haiku OS support.
malloc/free on bare metal.
utf8 helper functions (to_lower(), to_upper(), etc).
Optimization of for c in str {.
string/array.left/right/slice/substr were removed (use [a..b] slicing syntax instead).

V 0.1.22

28 Oct 2019

Generic functions (fn foo<T>(bar T) T {) with varargs support.
array[start..end] and string[start..end] slicing syntax.
Optimized array.filter() and array.map().
sqlite module.
Cached modules for faster compilation.
Dramatic compilation optimizations: V now compiles itself in 0.10 - 0.30 seconds
V scripts (simpler and cross-platform alternative to Bash).
Infinite multi-dimensional arrays ([][][]int).
unsafe.
[deprecated] attribute.
[if] function attributes for compile time function exclusion for performance.
switch has been completely removed from the language and replaced by match everywhere.
pub struct and pub const, previously all structs and consts were public by default.
musl support (V can now run on, for example, Alpine Linux).
Module header generation. V now supports closed source modules, which are still used in some industries.
Constants were added to typo suggestions.
color in [.green, .red, .blue] now works without specifying Color.green.
V compiler is now a module that can be used by other programs.
Backtraces now have source lines on Linux.
runtime.nr_cpus().
fn init() for module initialization.
a in [1, 2, 3] optimization: no array gets allocated.
Raw strings: s := r'hello\nworld'.
if a := func() { } syntax for handling options.
f32/f64 comparison now uses machine epsilon by default.

V 0.1.21

30 Sep 2019

none keyword for options.
Solaris support.
All table lookup functions now use none.
varargs: fn foo(bar int, params ...string) {.
Double quotes (") can now also be used to denote strings.
GitHub Actions CI in addition to Travis.
-compress option. The V binary built with -compress is only ~90 KB!
More memory management.
Unused modules result in an error.
"Unused variable/module" errors are now warnings in non-production builds.
Duplicate methods with the same name can no longer be defined.
Struct names must be capitalized, variable/function names must use snake_case.
Error messages are now even nicer!
Lots of fixes in automatic .str() method generation for structs and arrays.
~30% faster parser (files are no longer parsed separately for each pass).
_ is no longer a variable, but an actual syntax construct to skip unused values, like in Go.
Multiple returns (fn foo() (int, string) {).
! can now only be used with booleans.

V 0.1.20

17 Sep 2019

JavaScript backend!
Hundreds of C warnings were fixed. gcc v.c now builds without any warnings.
The mutability check now applies to function args (mutable receivers that are not modified result in a compilation error).
V tests now show how long each test took.
Official Android support (only console applications via Termux for now).
Typo check. If a variable/function/module etc is misspelled, V will suggest the correct name.
Lots of Microsoft C fixes, and a separate Travis instance for this backend.
Bitwise operators |, ^, & no longer work with booleans.

V 0.1.19

12 Sep 2019

Lots of refactoring, simplifications, and optimizations in the compiler.
Experimental memory management at compilation (only for the V compiler itself for now).
Lots of ORM fixes.
Functions can now be inlined via the [inline] attribute.
New mysql module.
Better error format that is supported by all major editors (go to error).
Error messages now point to the actual place where the error happened.
Custom json field names: struct User { last_name string [json:lastName] }.
Raw json fields via the [raw] attribute.
All C code was removed from the freetype module.
gg module can now render all Unicode characters.
[typedef] attribute for imported C struct typedefs.
Support of Objective C interfaces (primarily for using Cocoa).
REPL: clear command and custom functions.
REPL tests (which are also used for testing certain compiler errors).
Syntax bug fixed: foo[0] += 10 is now possible.
http: support plain HTTP protocol and follow redirects.
http: header data is now processed correctly.
net: basic UDP support.
import const was removed from the language.
array.contains() was removed from the language (in should be used instead).
[0; len] syntax was removed (replaced with a simpler [0].repeat(len))
Primitive aliases were removed to simplify the language.
GitHub supports V now!
Backtraces are now printed on panics.
A new awesome readline module.
V.c is now regenerated automatically after every commit.
A bug with struct ordering was fixed, now structs can be declared in any order.
V modules can now be built with v build module.
@FILE, @LINE, @FN, @COLUMN for debugging.

V 0.1.18

16 Aug 2019

Built-in ORM (uk_customers = db.select from Customer where country == 'uk' && nr_orders > 0).
Map initialization syntax: m := { ‘foo’: ‘bar’, ‘baz’: ‘foo’ }.
map.delete(key).
libcurl dependency was removed from the http module.
All function arguments are now immutable by default (previously they could be modified inside the function).
http functions now return options.
sync.WaitGroup.
vweb static files serving.
crypto.rand module.
v up to update V.
SChannel support on Windows.
net.urllib module.
vpm package manager, v install.
() are now required in complex bool expressions: (a && b) || c instead of a && b || c.
All arrays now have a default .str() method.
Bootstrapping V with MSVC.
Experimental ≠ etc support.
encoding.csv module.
$if debug { for running code in debug mode only.
Map struct fields are now initialized automatically, just like arrays.
Maps now support array values.
json functions can no longer be used if the json module is not imported.

V 0.1.17

29 Jul 2019

vweb module for developing web apps in V.
vtalk, open source V forum software.
Generics (very limited right now, but they will be gradually improved).
Comptime codegen (foo.$method() where method is a string).
@ for escaping keywords (e.g. struct Foo { @type string }).
Windows Unicode fixes (V can now work with non-ASCII paths etc on Windows).
Fix mutable args bugs + don't allow primitive arguments to be modified.
Declaring a mutable variable and never modifying it results in a compilation error.
Interactive debugging support.
sync module for Windows.
#! support on Unix systems (V scripts).
Lots of Visual Studio fixes.
crypto.aes and crypto.rc4 modules.
Internal modules.

V 0.1.16

23 Jul 2019

V can now be used with Visual Studio!
Hot code reloading now works with graphical applications (e.g. graph.v, bounce.v).
Compile time memory management for arrays.
High order functions.
match expression (replacing switch).
Import cycle detection.
crypto/md5, crypto/sha256, and crypro/sha512 modules.
os.executable() - a cross platform function that returns full path to current executable.
~/.vlang and VROOT were removed entirely. The installation is a lot cleaner now.
V can now be packaged for all Linux distros.
Arch Linux package.
string(bytes_buffer, len), string(bytes_array) casts.
Multiple defers.
key in map syntax (replacing map.exists(key)).

V 0.1.15

15 Jul 2019

FreeBSD, OpenBSD, NetBSD, DragonFly support.
Hot reloading now works with graphical applications: bounce.v
VROOT was removed, the installation process is now much simpler.
defer statement.
map.v was re-written. It's now much faster.
for key, val in map syntax.
flag module for parsing command line arguments.
zip module.
crypto/sha1 module.
Submodules and module aliases (import encoding.base64 as b64).

V 0.1.14

12 Jul 2019

gg module Windows support, V Tetris runs on Windows.
Compile glad and cJSON only once. Programs using gg or json compile a bit faster.
v.c has been cleaned up and minimized (~16k => ~10k lines of code).
type aliases can now have methods.
Const overflow check during compilation (byte(1000) will no longer compile).

V 0.1.13

10 Jul 2019

New enum syntax (token == .name), enum values are no longer global consts.
Submodules (import encoding.base64).
Hot code reloading.
Special err variable for getting error values.
Complex numbers.
<< can now append arrays (numbers << [1, 2, 3]).
Lots of Windows fixes (Windows still needs some work).
Lots of REPL improvements (e.g. >> 2 + 3 works now, no println required).
The website was made easily translatable, it's now partially available in several languages.

V 0.1.12

4 Jul 2019

V can finally compile itself on Windows (https://github.com/vlang/v#mingw-w64).
os module now uses options in all functions that return File.
Lots of bugs with options were fixed.
println was optimized. It no longer results in allocations. Now it also works correctly with all integer types.
Lots of vfmt fixes, it will be enabled tomorrow.
New strings module.
Lots of other fixes and improvements, thanks to all the contributors.

V 0.1.11

1 Jul 2019

Cross compilation for Windows!
Lots of Windows fixes.
socket.v.
maps fixed.

V 0.1.9 - 0.1.10

29 Jun 2019

Windows support via MinGW-w64. Pre-built Windows binary.
File structure has been simplified: all vlib modules were moved to the vlib/ directory, makefile was moved to the root.
One single archive with pre-built binaries for all operating systems.
mut var := val was fixed (previously mut var = val was allowed as well).

V 0.1.8

28 Jun 2019

Single file programs without fn main now work as expected.
REPL has been fixed: it now supports imports, consts, function definitions, etc.

V 0.1.7

27 Jun 2019

All C code in the compiler and vlib has been replaced with V.
# syntax for embedding C code has been removed.
Exported functions now need to be marked with pub, all public vlib functions have been updated.
CI has been set up (Travis + Azure). On every commit and PR it is made sure that V can compile itself, all tests pass, and all examples compile.
More tests have been uploaded.
Cleaner bytes to string conversion: tos2(bytes) => string(bytes).
The home page has 3 more examples next to 'hello world' that show the features of the language.
Lots of bugs and issues fixed.

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V 0.4.12

Improvements in the language

Breaking changes

Checker improvements/fixes

Parser improvements

Compiler internals

Standard library

V interpreter

Web

ORM

Database drivers

Native backend

C backend

JavaScript backend

vfmt

Tools

Operating System support

Examples

V 0.4.11

Improvements in the language

Breaking changes

Checker improvements/fixes

Parser improvements

Comptime

Compiler internals

Standard library

Web

ORM

Database drivers

Native backend

C backend

JavaScript backend

vfmt

Tools

Operating System support

Examples

V 0.4.10

Improvements in the language

Breaking changes

Checker improvements/fixes

Parser improvements

Compiler internals

Standard library

Web

ORM

Database drivers

Native backend

C backend

vfmt

Tools

Operating System support

Examples

V 0.4.9

Improvements in the language

Breaking changes

Checker improvements/fixes

Parser improvements

Compiler internals

Standard library

Web

ORM

C backend

vfmt

Tools

Operating System support

Comptime

Examples

V 0.4.8

Improvements in the language

Breaking changes

Checker improvements/fixes

Parser improvements

Compiler internals

Standard library