diff --git a/sentry_sdk/_types.py b/sentry_sdk/_types.py
index 8336617a8d..b28c7260ce 100644
--- a/sentry_sdk/_types.py
+++ b/sentry_sdk/_types.py
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ class SDKInfo(TypedDict):
         "metric_bucket",
         "monitor",
         "span",
-        "log",
+        "log_item",
     ]
     SessionStatus = Literal["ok", "exited", "crashed", "abnormal"]
 
diff --git a/sentry_sdk/envelope.py b/sentry_sdk/envelope.py
index 5f7220bf21..7dbbdec5c8 100644
--- a/sentry_sdk/envelope.py
+++ b/sentry_sdk/envelope.py
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ def data_category(self):
         elif ty == "event":
             return "error"
         elif ty == "log":
-            return "log"
+            return "log_item"
         elif ty == "client_report":
             return "internal"
         elif ty == "profile":
diff --git a/tests/test_envelope.py b/tests/test_envelope.py
index d1bc668f05..06f8971dc3 100644
--- a/tests/test_envelope.py
+++ b/tests/test_envelope.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from sentry_sdk.envelope import Envelope
+from sentry_sdk.envelope import Envelope, Item, PayloadRef
 from sentry_sdk.session import Session
 from sentry_sdk import capture_event
 import sentry_sdk.client
@@ -239,3 +239,24 @@ def test_envelope_without_headers():
 
     assert len(items) == 1
     assert items[0].payload.get_bytes() == b'{"started": "2020-02-07T14:16:00Z"}'
+
+
+def test_envelope_item_data_category_mapping():
+    """Test that envelope items map to correct data categories for rate limiting."""
+    test_cases = [
+        ("event", "error"),
+        ("transaction", "transaction"),
+        ("log", "log_item"),
+        ("session", "session"),
+        ("attachment", "attachment"),
+        ("client_report", "internal"),
+        ("profile", "profile"),
+        ("profile_chunk", "profile_chunk"),
+        ("statsd", "metric_bucket"),
+        ("check_in", "monitor"),
+        ("unknown_type", "default"),
+    ]
+
+    for item_type, expected_category in test_cases:
+        item = Item(payload=PayloadRef(json={"test": "data"}), type=item_type)
+        assert item.data_category == expected_category
diff --git a/tests/test_transport.py b/tests/test_transport.py
index c6a1a0a7a7..e493515e9a 100644
--- a/tests/test_transport.py
+++ b/tests/test_transport.py
@@ -611,7 +611,7 @@ def test_metric_bucket_limits(capturing_server, response_code, make_client):
     assert capturing_server.captured[0].path == "/api/132/envelope/"
     capturing_server.clear_captured()
 
-    assert set(client.transport._disabled_until) == set(["metric_bucket"])
+    assert set(client.transport._disabled_until) == {"metric_bucket"}
 
     client.transport.capture_envelope(envelope)
     client.capture_event({"type": "transaction"})
@@ -629,6 +629,43 @@ def test_metric_bucket_limits(capturing_server, response_code, make_client):
     ]
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("response_code", [200, 429])
+def test_log_item_limits(capturing_server, response_code, make_client):
+    client = make_client()
+    capturing_server.respond_with(
+        code=response_code,
+        headers={
+            "X-Sentry-Rate-Limits": "4711:log_item:organization:quota_exceeded:custom"
+        },
+    )
+
+    envelope = Envelope()
+    envelope.add_item(Item(payload=b"{}", type="log"))
+    client.transport.capture_envelope(envelope)
+    client.flush()
+
+    assert len(capturing_server.captured) == 1
+    assert capturing_server.captured[0].path == "/api/132/envelope/"
+    capturing_server.clear_captured()
+
+    assert set(client.transport._disabled_until) == {"log_item"}
+
+    client.transport.capture_envelope(envelope)
+    client.capture_event({"type": "transaction"})
+    client.flush()
+
+    assert len(capturing_server.captured) == 2
+
+    envelope = capturing_server.captured[0].envelope
+    assert envelope.items[0].type == "transaction"
+    envelope = capturing_server.captured[1].envelope
+    assert envelope.items[0].type == "client_report"
+    report = parse_json(envelope.items[0].get_bytes())
+    assert report["discarded_events"] == [
+        {"category": "log_item", "reason": "ratelimit_backoff", "quantity": 1},
+    ]
+
+
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("response_code", [200, 429])
 def test_metric_bucket_limits_with_namespace(
     capturing_server, response_code, make_client