fix(rails): handle positioned binds in logging

Fixes #2786

Author: solnic

sentry-rails/lib/sentry/rails/log_subscribers/active_record_subscriber.rb

@@ -50,12 +50,14 @@ def sql(event)
 
           binds = event.payload[:binds]
 
-          if Sentry.configuration.send_default_pii && !binds&.empty?
+          if Sentry.configuration.send_default_pii && binds&.any?
             type_casted_binds = type_casted_binds(event)
 
             binds.each_with_index do |bind, index|
-              name = bind.is_a?(Symbol) ? bind : bind.name
-              attributes["db.query.parameter.#{name}"] = type_casted_binds[index].to_s
+              key = bind.respond_to?(:name) ? bind.name : index.to_s
+              value = type_casted_binds[index].to_s
+
+              attributes["db.query.parameter.#{key}"] = value
             end
           end
 

sentry-rails/spec/sentry/rails/log_subscribers/active_record_subscriber_spec.rb

@@ -80,6 +80,53 @@
           expect(log_event[:attributes]["db.query.parameter.created_at"][:value]).to include("2025-10-28 13:11:44")
           expect(log_event[:attributes]["db.query.parameter.created_at"][:type]).to eql("string")
         end
+
+        it "logs queries with positional (unnamed) binds" do
+          post = Post.create!(title: "test")
+
+          Sentry.get_current_client.flush
+          sentry_transport.events.clear
+          sentry_transport.envelopes.clear
+
+          Post.where("id = ? AND title = ?", post.id, post.title).first
+
+          Sentry.get_current_client.flush
+
+          log_event = sentry_logs.find { |log| log[:body]&.include?("Database query") }
+          expect(log_event).not_to be_nil
+
+          expect(log_event[:attributes]["db.query.parameter.0"][:value]).to eq(post.id.to_s)
+          expect(log_event[:attributes]["db.query.parameter.1"][:value]).to eq(post.title)
+        end
+
+        it "handles nil binds gracefully" do
+          # In theory, this should never happened
+          ActiveSupport::Notifications.instrument("sql.active_record",
+            sql: "SELECT 1",
+            name: "SQL",
+            connection: ActiveRecord::Base.connection,
+            binds: nil
+          )
+
+          Sentry.get_current_client.flush
+
+          log_event = sentry_logs.find { |log| log[:attributes]&.dig(:sql, :value) == "SELECT 1" }
+          expect(log_event).not_to be_nil
+          expect(log_event[:attributes][:sql][:value]).to eq("SELECT 1")
+        end
+
+        it "when binds are empty array" do
+          Post.connection.execute("SELECT posts.* FROM posts")
+
+          Sentry.get_current_client.flush
+
+          log_event = sentry_logs.find { |log|
+            log[:attributes].dig(:sql, :value).include?("SELECT") &&
+              log[:attributes].dig(:sql, :value).include?("posts")
+          }
+
+          expect(log_event).not_to be_nil
+        end
       end
 
       context "when send_default_pii is disabled" do