setup: make object format configurable via config

The object format for repositories can either be configured explicitly
by passing the `--object-format=` option to git-init(1) or git-clone(1),
or globally by setting the `GIT_DEFAULT_HASH` environment variable.
While the former makes sense, setting random environment variables is
not really a good user experience in case someone decides to only use
SHA256 repositories.

It is only natural to expect for a user that things like this can also
be configured via their config. As such, introduce a new config
"init.defaultObjectFormat", similar to "init.defaultBranch", that allows
the user to configure the default object format when creating new repos.

The precedence order now is the following, where the first one wins:

  1. The `--object-format=` switch.

  2. The `GIT_DEFAULT_HASH` environment variable.

  3. The `init.defaultObjectFormat` config variable.

This matches the typical precedence order we use in Git. We typically
let the environment override the config such that the latter can easily
be overridden on an ephemeral basis, for example by scripts.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <[email protected]>

Author: pks-t

Documentation/config/init.txt

@@ -8,3 +8,8 @@ endif::[]
 `init.defaultBranch`::
 	Allows overriding the default branch name e.g. when initializing
 	a new repository.
+`init.defaultObjectFormat`::
+	Allows overriding the default object format for new repositories. See
+	`--object-format=` in linkgit:git-init[1]. Both the command line option
+	and the `GIT_DEFAULT_HASH` environment variable take precedence over
+	this config.

setup.c

@@ -2284,11 +2284,49 @@ static void separate_git_dir(const char *git_dir, const char *git_link)
 	write_file(git_link, "gitdir: %s", git_dir);
 }
 
+struct default_format_config {
+	int hash;
+};
+
+static int read_default_format_config(const char *key, const char *value,
+				      const struct config_context *ctx UNUSED,
+				      void *payload)
+{
+	struct default_format_config *cfg = payload;
+	char *str = NULL;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (!strcmp(key, "init.defaultobjectformat")) {
+		ret = git_config_string(&str, key, value);
+		if (ret)
+			goto out;
+		cfg->hash = hash_algo_by_name(str);
+		if (cfg->hash == GIT_HASH_UNKNOWN)
+			warning(_("unknown hash algorithm '%s'"), str);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	ret = 0;
+out:
+	free(str);
+	return ret;
+}
+
 static void repository_format_configure(struct repository_format *repo_fmt,
 					int hash, enum ref_storage_format ref_format)
 {
+	struct default_format_config cfg = {
+		.hash = GIT_HASH_UNKNOWN,
+	};
+	struct config_options opts = {
+		.respect_includes = 1,
+		.ignore_repo = 1,
+		.ignore_worktree = 1,
+	};
 	const char *env;
 
+	config_with_options(read_default_format_config, &cfg, NULL, NULL, &opts);
+
 	/*
 	 * If we already have an initialized repo, don't allow the user to
 	 * specify a different algorithm, as that could cause corruption.
@@ -2304,6 +2342,8 @@ static void repository_format_configure(struct repository_format *repo_fmt,
 		if (env_algo == GIT_HASH_UNKNOWN)
 			die(_("unknown hash algorithm '%s'"), env);
 		repo_fmt->hash_algo = env_algo;
+	} else if (cfg.hash != GIT_HASH_UNKNOWN) {
+		repo_fmt->hash_algo = cfg.hash;
 	}
 	repo_set_hash_algo(the_repository, repo_fmt->hash_algo);
 

t/t0001-init.sh

@@ -523,6 +523,56 @@ test_expect_success 'init honors --object-format' '
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'init honors init.defaultObjectFormat' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf sha1 sha256" &&
+
+	test_config_global init.defaultObjectFormat sha1 &&
+	(
+		sane_unset GIT_DEFAULT_HASH &&
+		git init sha1 &&
+		git -C sha1 rev-parse --show-object-format >actual &&
+		echo sha1 >expected &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	) &&
+
+	test_config_global init.defaultObjectFormat sha256 &&
+	(
+		sane_unset GIT_DEFAULT_HASH &&
+		git init sha256 &&
+		git -C sha256 rev-parse --show-object-format >actual &&
+		echo sha256 >expected &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'init warns about invalid init.defaultObjectFormat' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf repo" &&
+	test_config_global init.defaultObjectFormat garbage &&
+
+	echo "warning: unknown hash algorithm ${SQ}garbage${SQ}" >expect &&
+	git init repo 2>err &&
+	test_cmp expect err &&
+
+	git -C repo rev-parse --show-object-format >actual &&
+	echo $GIT_DEFAULT_HASH >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--object-format overrides GIT_DEFAULT_HASH' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf repo" &&
+	GIT_DEFAULT_HASH=sha1 git init --object-format=sha256 repo &&
+	git -C repo rev-parse --show-object-format >actual &&
+	echo sha256 >expected
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'GIT_DEFAULT_HASH overrides init.defaultObjectFormat' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf repo" &&
+	test_config_global init.defaultObjectFormat sha1 &&
+	GIT_DEFAULT_HASH=sha256 git init repo &&
+	git -C repo rev-parse --show-object-format >actual &&
+	echo sha256 >expected
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'extensions.objectFormat is not allowed with repo version 0' '
 	test_when_finished "rm -rf explicit-v0" &&
 	git init --object-format=sha256 explicit-v0 &&