C++: Handle reverse flow when 'nodeTo' is an instruction.

Author: MathiasVP

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/ir/dataflow/internal/DataFlowUtil.qll

@@ -1696,16 +1696,7 @@ private module Cached {
     // Reverse flow: data that flows from the definition node back into the indirection returned
     // by a function. This allows data to flow 'in' through references returned by a modeled
     // function such as `operator[]`.
-    exists(Operand address, int indirectionIndex |
-      nodeHasOperand(nodeTo.(IndirectReturnOutNode), address, indirectionIndex)
-    |
-      exists(StoreInstruction store |
-        nodeHasInstruction(nodeFrom, store, indirectionIndex - 1) and
-        store.getDestinationAddressOperand() = address
-      )
-      or
-      Ssa::outNodeHasAddressAndIndex(nodeFrom, address, indirectionIndex)
-    )
+    reverseFlow(nodeFrom, nodeTo)
   }
 
   private predicate simpleInstructionLocalFlowStep(Operand opFrom, Instruction iTo) {
@@ -1736,6 +1727,39 @@ private module Cached {
       )
     )
   }
+
+  private predicate reverseFlow(Node nodeFrom, Node nodeTo) {
+    reverseFlowOperand(nodeFrom, nodeTo)
+    or
+    reverseFlowInstruction(nodeFrom, nodeTo)
+  }
+
+  private predicate reverseFlowOperand(Node nodeFrom, IndirectReturnOutNode nodeTo) {
+    exists(Operand address, int indirectionIndex |
+      nodeHasOperand(nodeTo, address, indirectionIndex)
+    |
+      exists(StoreInstruction store |
+        nodeHasInstruction(nodeFrom, store, indirectionIndex - 1) and
+        store.getDestinationAddressOperand() = address
+      )
+      or
+      // We also want a write coming out of an `OutNode` to flow `nodeTo`.
+      // This is different from `reverseFlowInstruction` since `nodeFrom` can never
+      // be an `OutNode` when it's defined by an instruction.
+      Ssa::outNodeHasAddressAndIndex(nodeFrom, address, indirectionIndex)
+    )
+  }
+
+  private predicate reverseFlowInstruction(Node nodeFrom, IndirectReturnOutNode nodeTo) {
+    exists(Instruction address, int indirectionIndex |
+      nodeHasInstruction(nodeTo, address, indirectionIndex)
+    |
+      exists(StoreInstruction store |
+        nodeHasInstruction(nodeFrom, store, indirectionIndex - 1) and
+        store.getDestinationAddress() = address
+      )
+    )
+  }
 }
 
 import Cached