Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/github/opensource.guide into hu

Author: patoi

.travis.yml

@@ -2,8 +2,7 @@ language: node_js
 node_js:
   - 6
 before_install:
-  - gem install bundler -v 1.16.1
-  - rvm install 2.4.3
+  - rvm install 2.6.5
   - npm install -g npm@5
 install:
   - npm install

Gemfile.lock

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 GEM
   remote: https://rubygems.org/
   specs:
-    activesupport (4.2.11.1)
-      i18n (~> 0.7)
+    activesupport (6.0.1)
+      concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.2)
+      i18n (>= 0.7, < 2)
       minitest (~> 5.1)
-      thread_safe (~> 0.3, >= 0.3.4)
       tzinfo (~> 1.1)
+      zeitwerk (~> 2.2)
     addressable (2.7.0)
       public_suffix (>= 2.0.2, < 5.0)
     coffee-script (2.4.1)
@@ -25,33 +26,32 @@ GEM
       ffi (>= 1.3.0)
     eventmachine (1.2.7)
     execjs (2.7.0)
-    faraday (0.17.0)
+    faraday (0.17.1)
       multipart-post (>= 1.2, < 3)
     ffi (1.11.3)
     forwardable-extended (2.6.0)
     gemoji (3.0.1)
-    github-pages (202)
-      activesupport (= 4.2.11.1)
+    github-pages (203)
       github-pages-health-check (= 1.16.1)
       jekyll (= 3.8.5)
-      jekyll-avatar (= 0.6.0)
+      jekyll-avatar (= 0.7.0)
       jekyll-coffeescript (= 1.1.1)
       jekyll-commonmark-ghpages (= 0.1.6)
       jekyll-default-layout (= 0.1.4)
-      jekyll-feed (= 0.11.0)
+      jekyll-feed (= 0.13.0)
       jekyll-gist (= 1.5.0)
       jekyll-github-metadata (= 2.12.1)
-      jekyll-mentions (= 1.4.1)
-      jekyll-optional-front-matter (= 0.3.0)
+      jekyll-mentions (= 1.5.1)
+      jekyll-optional-front-matter (= 0.3.2)
       jekyll-paginate (= 1.1.0)
-      jekyll-readme-index (= 0.2.0)
-      jekyll-redirect-from (= 0.14.0)
-      jekyll-relative-links (= 0.6.0)
-      jekyll-remote-theme (= 0.4.0)
+      jekyll-readme-index (= 0.3.0)
+      jekyll-redirect-from (= 0.15.0)
+      jekyll-relative-links (= 0.6.1)
+      jekyll-remote-theme (= 0.4.1)
       jekyll-sass-converter (= 1.5.2)
-      jekyll-seo-tag (= 2.5.0)
-      jekyll-sitemap (= 1.2.0)
-      jekyll-swiss (= 0.4.0)
+      jekyll-seo-tag (= 2.6.1)
+      jekyll-sitemap (= 1.4.0)
+      jekyll-swiss (= 1.0.0)
       jekyll-theme-architect (= 0.1.1)
       jekyll-theme-cayman (= 0.1.1)
       jekyll-theme-dinky (= 0.1.1)
@@ -61,19 +61,18 @@ GEM
       jekyll-theme-midnight (= 0.1.1)
       jekyll-theme-minimal (= 0.1.1)
       jekyll-theme-modernist (= 0.1.1)
-      jekyll-theme-primer (= 0.5.3)
+      jekyll-theme-primer (= 0.5.4)
       jekyll-theme-slate (= 0.1.1)
       jekyll-theme-tactile (= 0.1.1)
       jekyll-theme-time-machine (= 0.1.1)
-      jekyll-titles-from-headings (= 0.5.1)
-      jemoji (= 0.10.2)
+      jekyll-titles-from-headings (= 0.5.3)
+      jemoji (= 0.11.1)
       kramdown (= 1.17.0)
-      liquid (= 4.0.0)
-      listen (= 3.1.5)
+      liquid (= 4.0.3)
       mercenary (~> 0.3)
-      minima (= 2.5.0)
+      minima (= 2.5.1)
       nokogiri (>= 1.10.4, < 2.0)
-      rouge (= 3.11.0)
+      rouge (= 3.13.0)
       terminal-table (~> 1.4)
     github-pages-health-check (1.16.1)
       addressable (~> 2.3)
@@ -108,8 +107,8 @@ GEM
       pathutil (~> 0.9)
       rouge (>= 1.7, < 4)
       safe_yaml (~> 1.0)
-    jekyll-avatar (0.6.0)
-      jekyll (~> 3.0)
+    jekyll-avatar (0.7.0)
+      jekyll (>= 3.0, < 5.0)
     jekyll-coffeescript (1.1.1)
       coffee-script (~> 2.2)
       coffee-script-source (~> 1.11.1)
@@ -122,36 +121,36 @@ GEM
       rouge (>= 2.0, < 4.0)
     jekyll-default-layout (0.1.4)
       jekyll (~> 3.0)
-    jekyll-feed (0.11.0)
-      jekyll (~> 3.3)
+    jekyll-feed (0.13.0)
+      jekyll (>= 3.7, < 5.0)
     jekyll-gist (1.5.0)
       octokit (~> 4.2)
     jekyll-github-metadata (2.12.1)
       jekyll (~> 3.4)
       octokit (~> 4.0, != 4.4.0)
-    jekyll-mentions (1.4.1)
+    jekyll-mentions (1.5.1)
       html-pipeline (~> 2.3)
-      jekyll (~> 3.0)
-    jekyll-optional-front-matter (0.3.0)
-      jekyll (~> 3.0)
+      jekyll (>= 3.7, < 5.0)
+    jekyll-optional-front-matter (0.3.2)
+      jekyll (>= 3.0, < 5.0)
     jekyll-paginate (1.1.0)
-    jekyll-readme-index (0.2.0)
-      jekyll (~> 3.0)
-    jekyll-redirect-from (0.14.0)
-      jekyll (~> 3.3)
-    jekyll-relative-links (0.6.0)
-      jekyll (~> 3.3)
-    jekyll-remote-theme (0.4.0)
+    jekyll-readme-index (0.3.0)
+      jekyll (>= 3.0, < 5.0)
+    jekyll-redirect-from (0.15.0)
+      jekyll (>= 3.3, < 5.0)
+    jekyll-relative-links (0.6.1)
+      jekyll (>= 3.3, < 5.0)
+    jekyll-remote-theme (0.4.1)
       addressable (~> 2.0)
-      jekyll (~> 3.5)
-      rubyzip (>= 1.2.1, < 3.0)
+      jekyll (>= 3.5, < 5.0)
+      rubyzip (>= 1.3.0)
     jekyll-sass-converter (1.5.2)
       sass (~> 3.4)
-    jekyll-seo-tag (2.5.0)
-      jekyll (~> 3.3)
-    jekyll-sitemap (1.2.0)
-      jekyll (~> 3.3)
-    jekyll-swiss (0.4.0)
+    jekyll-seo-tag (2.6.1)
+      jekyll (>= 3.3, < 5.0)
+    jekyll-sitemap (1.4.0)
+      jekyll (>= 3.7, < 5.0)
+    jekyll-swiss (1.0.0)
     jekyll-theme-architect (0.1.1)
       jekyll (~> 3.5)
       jekyll-seo-tag (~> 2.0)
@@ -179,8 +178,8 @@ GEM
     jekyll-theme-modernist (0.1.1)
       jekyll (~> 3.5)
       jekyll-seo-tag (~> 2.0)
-    jekyll-theme-primer (0.5.3)
-      jekyll (~> 3.5)
+    jekyll-theme-primer (0.5.4)
+      jekyll (> 3.5, < 5.0)
       jekyll-github-metadata (~> 2.9)
       jekyll-seo-tag (~> 2.0)
     jekyll-theme-slate (0.1.1)
@@ -192,29 +191,28 @@ GEM
     jekyll-theme-time-machine (0.1.1)
       jekyll (~> 3.5)
       jekyll-seo-tag (~> 2.0)
-    jekyll-titles-from-headings (0.5.1)
-      jekyll (~> 3.3)
+    jekyll-titles-from-headings (0.5.3)
+      jekyll (>= 3.3, < 5.0)
     jekyll-watch (2.2.1)
       listen (~> 3.0)
-    jemoji (0.10.2)
+    jemoji (0.11.1)
       gemoji (~> 3.0)
       html-pipeline (~> 2.2)
-      jekyll (~> 3.0)
+      jekyll (>= 3.0, < 5.0)
     kramdown (1.17.0)
-    liquid (4.0.0)
-    listen (3.1.5)
-      rb-fsevent (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.4)
-      rb-inotify (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.7)
-      ruby_dep (~> 1.2)
+    liquid (4.0.3)
+    listen (3.2.1)
+      rb-fsevent (~> 0.10, >= 0.10.3)
+      rb-inotify (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.10)
     mercenary (0.3.6)
     mini_portile2 (2.4.0)
-    minima (2.5.0)
-      jekyll (~> 3.5)
+    minima (2.5.1)
+      jekyll (>= 3.5, < 5.0)
       jekyll-feed (~> 0.9)
       jekyll-seo-tag (~> 2.1)
     minitest (5.13.0)
     multipart-post (2.1.1)
-    nokogiri (1.10.5)
+    nokogiri (1.10.7)
       mini_portile2 (~> 2.4.0)
     octokit (4.14.0)
       sawyer (~> 0.8.0, >= 0.5.3)
@@ -227,10 +225,9 @@ GEM
     rb-fsevent (0.10.3)
     rb-inotify (0.10.0)
       ffi (~> 1.0)
-    rouge (3.11.0)
+    rouge (3.13.0)
     ruby-enum (0.7.2)
       i18n
-    ruby_dep (1.5.0)
     rubyzip (2.0.0)
     safe_yaml (1.0.5)
     sass (3.7.4)
@@ -250,6 +247,7 @@ GEM
       thread_safe (~> 0.1)
     unicode-display_width (1.6.0)
     yell (2.2.0)
+    zeitwerk (2.2.2)
 
 PLATFORMS
   ruby

_articles/starting-a-project.md

@@ -22,18 +22,11 @@ So you're thinking about getting started with open source? Congratulations! The
 
 ### What does "open source" mean?
 
-When a project is open source, that means **anybody can view, use, modify, and distribute your project for any purpose.** These permissions are enforced through [an open source license](https://opensource.org/licenses).
+When a project is open source, that means **anybody is free to use, study, modify, and distribute your project for any purpose.** These permissions are enforced through [an open source license](https://opensource.org/licenses).
 
-Open source is powerful because it lowers the barriers to adoption, allowing ideas to spread quickly.
+Open source is powerful because it lowers the barriers to adoption and collaboration, allowing people to spread and improve projects quickly. Also because it gives users a potential to control their own computing, relative to closed source. For example, a business using open source software has the option to hire someone to make custom improvements to the software, rather than relying exclusively on a closed source vendor's product decisions.
 
-To understand how it works, imagine your friend is having a potluck, and you bring a cherry pie.
-
-* Everybody tries the pie (_use_)
-* The pie is a hit! They ask you for the recipe, which you provide (_view_)
-* One friend, Alex, who's a pastry chef, suggests reducing the sugar (_modify_)
-* Another friend, Lisa, asks to use it for a dinner next week (_distribute_)
-
-By comparison, a closed source process would be going to a restaurant and ordering a slice of cherry pie. You must pay a fee to eat the pie, and the restaurant probably won't give you their recipe. If you copied their pie exactly and sold it under your own name, the restaurant could take action against you.
+_Free software_ refers to the same set of projects as _open source_. Sometimes you'll also see [these terms](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_and_open-source_software) combined as "free and open soruce software" (FOSS) or "free, libre, and open source software" (FLOSS). _Free_ and _libre_ refer to freedom, [not price](#does-open-source-mean-free-of-charge).
 
 ### Why do people open source their work?