fix(signing): explicitly fetch GitHub OIDC token for Sigstore

Sigstore-go does not automatically fetch GitHub OIDC tokens from
environment variables. This commit adds explicit token fetching logic
to resolve signing failures in GitHub Actions.

Changes:
- Add fetchGitHubOIDCToken() to fetch token from GitHub OIDC endpoint
- Update signProvenanceWithSigstore() to use fetched token explicitly
- Add comprehensive unit tests for token fetching with error scenarios
- Use context-aware HTTP requests with 30s timeout

Fixes signing failures where Sigstore expected an explicit IDToken
instead of auto-discovering from ACTIONS_ID_TOKEN_REQUEST_* env vars.

Co-authored-by: Ona <no-reply@ona.com>

Author: leodido

pkg/leeway/signing/attestation.go

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"time"
@@ -245,6 +247,17 @@ func signProvenanceWithSigstore(ctx context.Context, statement *in_toto.Statemen
 
 	// Configure Fulcio for GitHub OIDC if we have a token
 	if os.Getenv("ACTIONS_ID_TOKEN_REQUEST_TOKEN") != "" {
+		// Fetch the GitHub OIDC token for Sigstore
+		idToken, err := fetchGitHubOIDCToken(ctx, "sigstore")
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, &SigningError{
+				Type:     ErrorTypeSigstore,
+				Artifact: statement.Subject[0].Name,
+				Message:  fmt.Sprintf("failed to fetch GitHub OIDC token: %v", err),
+				Cause:    err,
+			}
+		}
+
 		// Select Fulcio service from signing config
 		fulcioService, err := root.SelectService(signingConfig.FulcioCertificateAuthorityURLs(), sign.FulcioAPIVersions, time.Now())
 		if err != nil {
@@ -263,8 +276,7 @@ func signProvenanceWithSigstore(ctx context.Context, statement *in_toto.Statemen
 		}
 		bundleOpts.CertificateProvider = sign.NewFulcio(fulcioOpts)
 		bundleOpts.CertificateProviderOptions = &sign.CertificateProviderOptions{
-			// Let sigstore-go automatically handle GitHub OIDC
-			// It will use ACTIONS_ID_TOKEN_REQUEST_TOKEN/URL automatically
+			IDToken: idToken,
 		}
 
 		// Configure Rekor transparency log
@@ -354,3 +366,71 @@ func validateSigstoreEnvironment() error {
 	log.Debug("Sigstore environment validation passed")
 	return nil
 }
+
+// fetchGitHubOIDCToken fetches an OIDC token from GitHub Actions for Sigstore.
+// It uses the ACTIONS_ID_TOKEN_REQUEST_TOKEN and ACTIONS_ID_TOKEN_REQUEST_URL
+// environment variables to authenticate and retrieve a JWT token with the specified audience.
+func fetchGitHubOIDCToken(ctx context.Context, audience string) (string, error) {
+	requestURL := os.Getenv("ACTIONS_ID_TOKEN_REQUEST_URL")
+	requestToken := os.Getenv("ACTIONS_ID_TOKEN_REQUEST_TOKEN")
+
+	if requestURL == "" || requestToken == "" {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("GitHub OIDC environment not configured")
+	}
+
+	// Parse the request URL
+	u, err := url.Parse(requestURL)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to parse ACTIONS_ID_TOKEN_REQUEST_URL: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Add the audience parameter
+	q := u.Query()
+	q.Set("audience", audience)
+	u.RawQuery = q.Encode()
+
+	// Create HTTP request with context
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, u.String(), nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to create request: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", fmt.Sprintf("Bearer %s", requestToken))
+
+	// Execute request with timeout
+	client := &http.Client{Timeout: 30 * time.Second}
+	resp, err := client.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to fetch token: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	// Check response status
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		bodyBytes, _ := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to get OIDC token, status: %d, body: %s",
+			resp.StatusCode, string(bodyBytes))
+	}
+
+	// Parse response
+	var payload struct {
+		Value string `json:"value"`
+	}
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&payload); err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to decode response: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if payload.Value == "" {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("received empty token from GitHub OIDC")
+	}
+
+	return payload.Value, nil
+}
+
+// getEnvOrDefault returns environment variable value or default
+func getEnvOrDefault(key, defaultValue string) string {
+	if value := os.Getenv(key); value != "" {
+		return value
+	}
+	return defaultValue
+}

pkg/leeway/signing/attestation_test.go

@@ -6,8 +6,11 @@ import (
 	"encoding/hex"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/gitpod-io/leeway/pkg/leeway/cache"
@@ -1088,3 +1091,118 @@ func TestSignProvenanceWithSigstore_EnvironmentValidation(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Error(t, err)
 	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "failed to sign SLSA provenance")
 }
+
+func TestFetchGitHubOIDCToken(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name          string
+		setupEnv      func(*testing.T)
+		mockServer    func(*testing.T) *httptest.Server
+		audience      string
+		expectError   bool
+		errorContains string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "successful token fetch",
+			setupEnv: func(t *testing.T) {
+				// Will be set by mockServer
+			},
+			mockServer: func(t *testing.T) *httptest.Server {
+				return httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+					// Verify audience parameter
+					if r.URL.Query().Get("audience") != "sigstore" {
+						t.Errorf("Expected audience=sigstore, got %s", r.URL.Query().Get("audience"))
+					}
+					// Verify Authorization header
+					if !strings.HasPrefix(r.Header.Get("Authorization"), "Bearer ") {
+						t.Error("Missing or invalid Authorization header")
+					}
+					w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+					json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]string{"value": "test-token-12345"})
+				}))
+			},
+			audience:    "sigstore",
+			expectError: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "missing environment variables",
+			setupEnv: func(t *testing.T) {
+				t.Setenv("ACTIONS_ID_TOKEN_REQUEST_URL", "")
+				t.Setenv("ACTIONS_ID_TOKEN_REQUEST_TOKEN", "")
+			},
+			audience:      "sigstore",
+			expectError:   true,
+			errorContains: "GitHub OIDC environment not configured",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "HTTP 500 error",
+			mockServer: func(t *testing.T) *httptest.Server {
+				return httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+					w.WriteHeader(http.StatusInternalServerError)
+					w.Write([]byte(`{"error": "internal error"}`))
+				}))
+			},
+			audience:      "sigstore",
+			expectError:   true,
+			errorContains: "status: 500",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "empty token in response",
+			mockServer: func(t *testing.T) *httptest.Server {
+				return httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+					w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+					json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]string{"value": ""})
+				}))
+			},
+			audience:      "sigstore",
+			expectError:   true,
+			errorContains: "received empty token",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "invalid JSON response",
+			mockServer: func(t *testing.T) *httptest.Server {
+				return httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+					w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+					w.Write([]byte(`invalid json`))
+				}))
+			},
+			audience:      "sigstore",
+			expectError:   true,
+			errorContains: "failed to decode response",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			// Setup
+			if tt.setupEnv != nil {
+				tt.setupEnv(t)
+			}
+			
+			var server *httptest.Server
+			if tt.mockServer != nil {
+				server = tt.mockServer(t)
+				defer server.Close()
+				t.Setenv("ACTIONS_ID_TOKEN_REQUEST_URL", server.URL)
+				t.Setenv("ACTIONS_ID_TOKEN_REQUEST_TOKEN", "test-request-token")
+			}
+
+			// Execute
+			ctx := context.Background()
+			token, err := fetchGitHubOIDCToken(ctx, tt.audience)
+
+			// Verify
+			if tt.expectError {
+				require.Error(t, err)
+				if tt.errorContains != "" {
+					assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), tt.errorContains)
+				}
+			} else {
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				assert.NotEmpty(t, token)
+				if server != nil {
+					assert.Equal(t, "test-token-12345", token)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}