Unable to parse common nautical representations

Common representations include:
12N33E // Should technically fail
12N033E // Works correctly
16N189E // Should fail (out of range)
16N0189E // Should work but doesn't
120021N 0273459E // Should work
56 32N 029 45W // Fails but valid
28 89.99S 80 88.00W // Fails but valid
-27 55.29 34 34.0 // Sloppy but valid
3530N1 12058E6 // With checksums
3530N2 12058E5 // With wrong checksums :-)

In general, white space can not be relied upon to signal the end of lat, only the N|S (or n|s), and you may still have to consume a checksum character - or the checksum char could be the start of the next letter.

Also, there are entries like:
45-89.0 N 088-5.0E
Be careful to consume the - or it will cause negative minutes.