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CSRF Token Injection and Reuse Vulnerability

High
ReneWerner87 published GHSA-94w9-97p3-p368 Oct 16, 2023

Package

gomod github.com/gofiber/fiber/v2 (Go)

Affected versions

< 2.50.0

Patched versions

>= 2.50.0
gomod github.com/gofiber/fiber/v2/middleware/csrf (Go)
< 2.50.0
>= 2.50.0

Description

A Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability has been identified in the application, which allows an attacker to inject arbitrary values and forge malicious requests on behalf of a user. This vulnerability can allow an attacker to inject arbitrary values without any authentication, or perform various malicious actions on behalf of an authenticated user, potentially compromising the security and integrity of the application.

Vulnerability Details

The vulnerability is caused by improper validation and enforcement of CSRF tokens within the application. The following issues were identified:

  1. Token Injection: For 'safe' methods, the token was extracted from the cookie and saved to storage without further validation or sanitization.

  2. Lack of Token Association: The CSRF token was validated against tokens in storage but not associated with a session, nor by using a Double Submit Cookie Method, allowing for token reuse.

Remediation

To remediate this vulnerability, it is recommended to take the following actions:

  1. Update the Application: Upgrade the application to a fixed version with a patch for the vulnerability.

  2. Implement Proper CSRF Protection: Review the updated documentation and ensure your application's CSRF protection mechanisms follow best practices.

  3. Choose CSRF Protection Method: Select the appropriate CSRF protection method based on your application's requirements, either the Double Submit Cookie method or the Synchronizer Token Pattern using sessions.

  4. Security Testing: Conduct a thorough security assessment, including penetration testing, to identify and address any other security vulnerabilities.

Defence-in-depth

Users should take additional security measures like captchas or Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) and set Session cookies with SameSite=Lax or SameSite=Secure, and the Secure and HttpOnly attributes.

Severity

High

CVSS overall score

This score calculates overall vulnerability severity from 0 to 10 and is based on the Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS).
/ 10

CVSS v3 base metrics

Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
High
Availability
Low

CVSS v3 base metrics

Attack vector: More severe the more the remote (logically and physically) an attacker can be in order to exploit the vulnerability.
Attack complexity: More severe for the least complex attacks.
Privileges required: More severe if no privileges are required.
User interaction: More severe when no user interaction is required.
Scope: More severe when a scope change occurs, e.g. one vulnerable component impacts resources in components beyond its security scope.
Confidentiality: More severe when loss of data confidentiality is highest, measuring the level of data access available to an unauthorized user.
Integrity: More severe when loss of data integrity is the highest, measuring the consequence of data modification possible by an unauthorized user.
Availability: More severe when the loss of impacted component availability is highest.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L

CVE ID

CVE-2023-45128

Weaknesses

Improper Input Validation

The product receives input or data, but it does not validate or incorrectly validates that the input has the properties that are required to process the data safely and correctly. Learn more on MITRE.

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)

The web application does not, or can not, sufficiently verify whether a well-formed, valid, consistent request was intentionally provided by the user who submitted the request. Learn more on MITRE.

Reliance on Cookies without Validation and Integrity Checking

The product relies on the existence or values of cookies when performing security-critical operations, but it does not properly ensure that the setting is valid for the associated user. Learn more on MITRE.

Reliance on Untrusted Inputs in a Security Decision

The product uses a protection mechanism that relies on the existence or values of an input, but the input can be modified by an untrusted actor in a way that bypasses the protection mechanism. Learn more on MITRE.

Credits