diff --git a/po/zh-CN.po b/po/zh-CN.po index b2ab0af8a8db..13d7e0adcc56 100644 --- a/po/zh-CN.po +++ b/po/zh-CN.po @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Comprehensive Rust 🦀\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-02-08T15:26:53+08:00\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-06-07T11:00:59+08:00\n" "PO-Revision-Date: \n" "Last-Translator: \n" "Language-Team: Language zh-Hans\n" @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ msgstr "" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n" -"X-Generator: Poedit 3.4.2\n" +"X-Generator: Poedit 3.4.4\n" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/index.md msgid "Welcome to Comprehensive Rust 🦀" @@ -20,15 +20,15 @@ msgstr "欢迎来到 Comprehensive Rust 🦀" msgid "Running the Course" msgstr "授课" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:1 msgid "Course Structure" msgstr "课程结构" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md:1 msgid "Keyboard Shortcuts" msgstr "键盘快捷键" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/translations.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/translations.md:1 msgid "Translations" msgstr "翻译" @@ -52,104 +52,114 @@ msgstr "在本地运行 Cargo" msgid "Day 1: Morning" msgstr "第一天：上午" -#: src/SUMMARY.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:15 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:34 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:52 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:69 src/welcome-day-1.md src/welcome-day-2.md +#: src/welcome-day-3.md src/welcome-day-4.md src/concurrency/welcome-async.md msgid "Welcome" msgstr "欢迎" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/hello-world.md src/hello-world/hello-world.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:16 src/welcome-day-1.md +#: src/hello-world.md src/types-and-values.md src/types-and-values/hello-world.md:1 msgid "Hello, World" msgstr "Hello, World" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/hello-world.md src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md:1 msgid "What is Rust?" msgstr "什么是 Rust？" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/hello-world/benefits.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/hello-world.md src/hello-world/benefits.md:1 msgid "Benefits of Rust" msgstr "Rust 的优势" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/hello-world/playground.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/hello-world.md src/hello-world/playground.md:1 msgid "Playground" msgstr "Playground" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:17 src/welcome-day-1.md +#: src/types-and-values.md msgid "Types and Values" msgstr "类型和值" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/variables.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values.md src/types-and-values/variables.md:1 msgid "Variables" msgstr "变量" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/values.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values.md src/types-and-values/values.md:1 msgid "Values" msgstr "值" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values.md src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md:1 msgid "Arithmetic" msgstr "算术" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/strings.md -msgid "Strings" -msgstr "字符串" - -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/inference.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values.md src/types-and-values/inference.md:1 msgid "Type Inference" msgstr "类型推导" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/exercise.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values.md src/types-and-values/exercise.md:1 msgid "Exercise: Fibonacci" msgstr "练习：Fibonacci" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/solution.md -#: src/control-flow-basics/solution.md src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md -#: src/references/solution.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md -#: src/pattern-matching/solution.md src/methods-and-traits/solution.md -#: src/generics/solution.md src/std-types/solution.md -#: src/std-traits/solution.md src/memory-management/solution.md -#: src/smart-pointers/solution.md src/borrowing/solution.md -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md src/iterators/solution.md -#: src/modules/solution.md src/testing/solution.md -#: src/error-handling/solution.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/solution.md:1 src/control-flow-basics/solution.md:1 +#: src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md:1 src/references/solution.md:1 +#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md:1 src/pattern-matching/solution.md:1 +#: src/methods-and-traits/solution.md:1 src/generics/solution.md:1 +#: src/std-types/solution.md:1 src/std-traits/solution.md:1 +#: src/memory-management/solution.md:1 src/smart-pointers/solution.md:1 +#: src/borrowing/solution.md:1 src/lifetimes/solution.md:1 src/iterators/solution.md:1 +#: src/modules/solution.md:1 src/testing/solution.md:1 src/error-handling/solution.md:1 +#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:1 msgid "Solution" msgstr "解答" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:18 src/welcome-day-1.md +#: src/control-flow-basics.md msgid "Control Flow Basics" msgstr "控制流基础" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md -msgid "Conditionals" -msgstr "条件控制" +#: src/SUMMARY.md +msgid "`if` Expressions" +msgstr "`if` 表达式" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/loops.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics.md src/control-flow-basics/loops.md:1 msgid "Loops" msgstr "循环控制" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/loops/for.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/loops/for.md:1 msgid "`for`" msgstr "`for`" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/loops/loop.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/loops/loop.md:1 msgid "`loop`" msgstr "`loop`" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md:1 msgid "`break` and `continue`" msgstr "`break` 和 `continue`" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/break-continue/labels.md:1 +msgid "Labels" +msgstr "标签" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics.md src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md:1 msgid "Blocks and Scopes" msgstr "代码块和作用域" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/functions.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes/scopes.md:1 +msgid "Scopes and Shadowing" +msgstr "作用域和遮蔽（Shadowing）" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics.md src/control-flow-basics/functions.md:1 msgid "Functions" msgstr "函数" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/macros.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics.md src/control-flow-basics/macros.md:1 msgid "Macros" msgstr "宏" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics.md src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md:1 msgid "Exercise: Collatz Sequence" msgstr "练习：考拉兹序列" @@ -157,70 +167,87 @@ msgstr "练习：考拉兹序列" msgid "Day 1: Afternoon" msgstr "第一天：下午" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays.md -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:25 +#: src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md src/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "Tuples and Arrays" msgstr "元组和数组" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays/iteration.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays.md src/tuples-and-arrays/arrays.md:1 +msgid "Arrays" +msgstr "数组（Arrays）" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays.md src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples.md:1 +msgid "Tuples" +msgstr "元组（Tuples）" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays.md src/tuples-and-arrays/iteration.md:1 msgid "Array Iteration" msgstr "数组迭代" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md src/pattern-matching.md -msgid "Pattern Matching" -msgstr "模式匹配" - -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md -#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md -msgid "Destructuring" -msgstr "解构" +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays.md src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md:1 +msgid "Patterns and Destructuring" +msgstr "模式与解构" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays.md src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md:1 msgid "Exercise: Nested Arrays" msgstr "练习：嵌套数组" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/references.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:26 +#: src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md src/references.md msgid "References" msgstr "引用" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/references/shared.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/references.md src/references/shared.md:1 msgid "Shared References" msgstr "共享引用" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/references/exclusive.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/references.md src/references/exclusive.md:1 msgid "Exclusive References" msgstr "独占引用" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/references/exercise.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md +msgid "Slices: `&[T]`" +msgstr "切片：`&[T]`" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/references.md src/references/strings.md:5 +msgid "Strings" +msgstr "字符串" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/references.md src/references/exercise.md:1 msgid "Exercise: Geometry" msgstr "练习：几何图形" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:27 +#: src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md src/user-defined-types.md msgid "User-Defined Types" msgstr "用户定义的类型" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types.md src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md:1 msgid "Named Structs" msgstr "结构体" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types.md src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md:5 msgid "Tuple Structs" msgstr "元组结构体" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types/enums.md -#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types.md src/user-defined-types/enums.md:1 +#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-enums.md:1 msgid "Enums" msgstr "枚举" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md -msgid "Static and Const" -msgstr "静态变量与常量" +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types.md +msgid "Static" +msgstr "静态" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md +msgid "Const" +msgstr "常量" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types/aliases.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types.md src/user-defined-types/aliases.md:1 msgid "Type Aliases" msgstr "类型别名" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types/exercise.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types.md src/user-defined-types/exercise.md:1 msgid "Exercise: Elevator Events" msgstr "练习：电梯事件" @@ -228,71 +255,111 @@ msgstr "练习：电梯事件" msgid "Day 2: Morning" msgstr "第二天：上午" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:35 src/welcome-day-2.md +#: src/pattern-matching.md +msgid "Pattern Matching" +msgstr "模式匹配" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/pattern-matching.md src/pattern-matching/match.md:1 +msgid "Matching Values" +msgstr "匹配值" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/pattern-matching.md +msgid "Destructuring Structs" +msgstr "解构结构体" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/pattern-matching.md +msgid "Destructuring Enums" +msgstr "解构枚举" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/pattern-matching.md src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md:1 msgid "Let Control Flow" msgstr "`let` 控制流" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/pattern-matching/exercise.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/pattern-matching.md src/pattern-matching/exercise.md:1 msgid "Exercise: Expression Evaluation" msgstr "练习：表达式求值" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:36 src/welcome-day-2.md +#: src/methods-and-traits.md msgid "Methods and Traits" msgstr "方法和特征" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits/methods.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits.md src/methods-and-traits/methods.md:1 msgid "Methods" msgstr "方法" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits/traits.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits.md src/methods-and-traits/traits.md:1 msgid "Traits" msgstr "特征（Trait）" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits/traits/implementing.md:1 +msgid "Implementing Traits" +msgstr "实现 Trait" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits/traits/supertraits.md:1 +msgid "Supertraits" +msgstr "高级 trait" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits/traits/associated-types.md:1 +msgid "Associated Types" +msgstr "关联类型" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits.md src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md:1 msgid "Deriving" msgstr "派生特征" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits.md msgid "Exercise: Generic Logger" msgstr "练习：通用日志" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md +msgid "Day 2: Afternoon" +msgstr "第二天：下午" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:43 +#: src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md src/generics.md msgid "Generics" msgstr "泛型" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics/generic-functions.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics.md src/generics/generic-functions.md:1 msgid "Generic Functions" msgstr "泛型函数" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics/generic-data.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics.md src/generics/generic-data.md:1 msgid "Generic Data Types" msgstr "泛型类型" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics/trait-bounds.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics/generic-traits.md:1 +msgid "Generic Traits" +msgstr "泛型特征" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics.md src/generics/trait-bounds.md:1 msgid "Trait Bounds" msgstr "特征边界" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics/impl-trait.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics/impl-trait.md:1 msgid "`impl Trait`" msgstr "`impl Trait`" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics/exercise.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics/dyn-trait.md:1 +msgid "`dyn Trait`" +msgstr "`dyn Trait`" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics/exercise.md:1 msgid "Exercise: Generic `min`" msgstr "练习：通用 `min` 函数" -#: src/SUMMARY.md -msgid "Day 2: Afternoon" -msgstr "第二天：下午" - -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:44 +#: src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md src/std-types.md msgid "Standard Library Types" msgstr "标准库类型" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types/std.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types.md src/std-types/std.md:1 msgid "Standard Library" msgstr "标准库" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types/docs.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types.md src/std-types/docs.md:1 msgid "Documentation" msgstr "文档" @@ -304,43 +371,46 @@ msgstr "`Option`" msgid "`Result`" msgstr "`Result`" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md:14 +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md:5 msgid "`String`" msgstr "String" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types/vec.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types/vec.md:1 msgid "`Vec`" msgstr "`Vec`" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types/hashmap.md src/bare-metal/no_std.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types/hashmap.md:1 src/bare-metal/no_std.md msgid "`HashMap`" msgstr "`HashMap`" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types/exercise.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types.md src/std-types/exercise.md:1 msgid "Exercise: Counter" msgstr "练习：计数器" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:45 +#: src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md src/std-traits.md msgid "Standard Library Traits" msgstr "标准库特征" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/comparisons.md src/async.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits.md src/std-traits/comparisons.md:1 +#: src/concurrency/welcome-async.md msgid "Comparisons" msgstr "比较" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/operators.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits.md src/std-traits/operators.md:1 msgid "Operators" msgstr "运算符" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/from-and-into.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/from-and-into.md:1 msgid "`From` and `Into`" msgstr "`From` 和 `Into`" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/casting.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits.md src/std-traits/casting.md:1 msgid "Casting" msgstr "类型转换" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/read-and-write.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/read-and-write.md:1 msgid "`Read` and `Write`" msgstr "`Read` 和 `Write`" @@ -348,11 +418,11 @@ msgstr "`Read` 和 `Write`" msgid "`Default`, struct update syntax" msgstr "`Default`，结构体更新语法" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/closures.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits.md src/std-traits/closures.md:1 msgid "Closures" msgstr "闭包" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/exercise.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits.md src/std-traits/exercise.md:1 msgid "Exercise: ROT13" msgstr "练习：ROT13" @@ -360,23 +430,24 @@ msgstr "练习：ROT13" msgid "Day 3: Morning" msgstr "第三天：上午" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:53 src/welcome-day-3.md +#: src/memory-management.md msgid "Memory Management" msgstr "内存管理" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/review.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management.md src/memory-management/review.md:1 msgid "Review of Program Memory" msgstr "回顾：程序的内存分配" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/approaches.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management.md src/memory-management/approaches.md:1 msgid "Approaches to Memory Management" msgstr "内存管理方法" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/ownership.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management.md src/memory-management/ownership.md:1 msgid "Ownership" msgstr "所有权" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/move.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management.md src/memory-management/move.md:1 msgid "Move Semantics" msgstr "移动语义" @@ -384,7 +455,7 @@ msgstr "移动语义" msgid "`Clone`" msgstr "`Clone`" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/copy-types.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management.md src/memory-management/copy-types.md:1 msgid "Copy Types" msgstr "复合类型" @@ -392,28 +463,29 @@ msgstr "复合类型" msgid "`Drop`" msgstr "`Drop`" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/exercise.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management.md src/memory-management/exercise.md:1 msgid "Exercise: Builder Type" msgstr "练习：构建器类型" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/smart-pointers.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:54 src/welcome-day-3.md +#: src/smart-pointers.md msgid "Smart Pointers" msgstr "智能指针" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/smart-pointers/box.md -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/smart-pointers/box.md:1 +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md:9 msgid "`Box`" msgstr "`Box`" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/smart-pointers/rc.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/smart-pointers/rc.md:1 msgid "`Rc`" msgstr "`Rc`" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md -msgid "Trait Objects" -msgstr "特征对象" +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/smart-pointers.md src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md:1 +msgid "Owned Trait Objects" +msgstr "拥有的特征对象" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/smart-pointers/exercise.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/smart-pointers.md src/smart-pointers/exercise.md:1 msgid "Exercise: Binary Tree" msgstr "练习：二叉树" @@ -421,51 +493,49 @@ msgstr "练习：二叉树" msgid "Day 3: Afternoon" msgstr "第三天：下午" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/borrowing.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:61 +#: src/welcome-day-3-afternoon.md src/borrowing.md msgid "Borrowing" msgstr "借用" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/borrowing/shared.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/borrowing.md src/borrowing/shared.md:1 msgid "Borrowing a Value" msgstr "借用值" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/borrowing/borrowck.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/borrowing.md src/borrowing/borrowck.md:1 msgid "Borrow Checking" msgstr "借用检查" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/borrowing.md src/borrowing/examples.md:1 +msgid "Borrow Errors" +msgstr "借用错误" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/borrowing.md src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md:1 msgid "Interior Mutability" msgstr "内部可变性" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/borrowing/exercise.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/borrowing.md src/borrowing/exercise.md:1 msgid "Exercise: Health Statistics" msgstr "练习：健康统计" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/slices-and-lifetimes.md -msgid "Slices and Lifetimes" -msgstr "切片与生命周期" - -#: src/SUMMARY.md -msgid "Slices: `&[T]`" -msgstr "切片：`&[T]`" - -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md -msgid "String References" -msgstr "字符串引用" +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:62 +#: src/welcome-day-3-afternoon.md src/lifetimes.md +msgid "Lifetimes" +msgstr "生命周期" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/lifetimes.md src/lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md:1 msgid "Lifetime Annotations" msgstr "生命周期注解" -#: src/SUMMARY.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/lifetimes.md msgid "Lifetime Elision" msgstr "生命周期省略" -#: src/SUMMARY.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/lifetimes.md msgid "Struct Lifetimes" msgstr "结构体生命周期" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/lifetimes.md src/lifetimes/exercise.md:1 msgid "Exercise: Protobuf Parsing" msgstr "练习：Protobuf 解析" @@ -473,15 +543,16 @@ msgstr "练习：Protobuf 解析" msgid "Day 4: Morning" msgstr "第四天：上午" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/iterators.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:70 src/welcome-day-4.md +#: src/iterators.md msgid "Iterators" msgstr "迭代器" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/iterators/iterator.md src/bare-metal/no_std.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/iterators/iterator.md:1 src/bare-metal/no_std.md msgid "`Iterator`" msgstr "`Iterator`" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/iterators/intoiterator.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/iterators/intoiterator.md:1 msgid "`IntoIterator`" msgstr "`IntoIterator`" @@ -489,19 +560,20 @@ msgstr "`IntoIterator`" msgid "`FromIterator`" msgstr "`FromIterator`" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/iterators/exercise.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/iterators.md src/iterators/exercise.md:1 msgid "Exercise: Iterator Method Chaining" msgstr "练习：迭代器方法链" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/modules.md src/modules/modules.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:71 src/welcome-day-4.md +#: src/modules.md src/modules/modules.md:1 msgid "Modules" msgstr "模块" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/modules/filesystem.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/modules.md src/modules/filesystem.md:1 msgid "Filesystem Hierarchy" msgstr "文件系统层级结构" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/modules/visibility.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/modules.md src/modules/visibility.md:1 msgid "Visibility" msgstr "可见性" @@ -509,39 +581,28 @@ msgstr "可见性" msgid "`use`, `super`, `self`" msgstr "`use`、`super`、`self`" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/modules/exercise.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/modules.md src/modules/exercise.md:1 msgid "Exercise: Modules for a GUI Library" msgstr "练习：面向 GUI 库的模块" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing.md src/chromium/testing.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:72 src/welcome-day-4.md +#: src/testing.md src/chromium/testing.md msgid "Testing" msgstr "测试" -#: src/SUMMARY.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing.md msgid "Test Modules" msgstr "测试模块" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing/other.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing.md src/testing/other.md:1 msgid "Other Types of Tests" msgstr "其他类型的测试" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing/useful-crates.md -msgid "Useful Crates" -msgstr "实用 Crate" - -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing/googletest.md -msgid "GoogleTest" -msgstr "GoogleTest" - -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing/mocking.md -msgid "Mocking" -msgstr "模拟" - -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing/lints.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing.md src/testing/lints.md:1 msgid "Compiler Lints and Clippy" msgstr "编译器 Lint 和 Clippy" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing/exercise.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing.md src/testing/exercise.md:1 msgid "Exercise: Luhn Algorithm" msgstr "练习：卢恩算法" @@ -549,19 +610,20 @@ msgstr "练习：卢恩算法" msgid "Day 4: Afternoon" msgstr "第四天：下午" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/error-handling.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:79 +#: src/welcome-day-4-afternoon.md src/error-handling.md msgid "Error Handling" msgstr "错误处理" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/error-handling/panics.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/error-handling.md src/error-handling/panics.md:1 msgid "Panics" msgstr "Panics" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/error-handling/try.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/error-handling.md src/error-handling/try.md:1 msgid "Try Operator" msgstr "尝试运算符" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/error-handling/try-conversions.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/error-handling.md src/error-handling/try-conversions.md:1 msgid "Try Conversions" msgstr "尝试转换" @@ -569,7 +631,7 @@ msgstr "尝试转换" msgid "`Error` Trait" msgstr "`Error` 特征" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md:1 msgid "`thiserror` and `anyhow`" msgstr "`thiserror` 和 `anyhow`" @@ -577,35 +639,36 @@ msgstr "`thiserror` 和 `anyhow`" msgid "Exercise: Rewriting with `Result`" msgstr "练习：使用 `Result` 进行重写" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust.md src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:80 +#: src/welcome-day-4-afternoon.md src/unsafe-rust.md src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md:1 msgid "Unsafe Rust" msgstr "不安全 Rust" -#: src/SUMMARY.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust.md msgid "Unsafe" msgstr "Unsafe" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust.md src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md:1 msgid "Dereferencing Raw Pointers" msgstr "解引用裸指针" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust.md src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md:1 msgid "Mutable Static Variables" msgstr "可变的静态变量" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust/unions.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust.md src/unsafe-rust/unions.md:1 msgid "Unions" msgstr "联合体" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust.md src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md:1 msgid "Unsafe Functions" msgstr "Unsafe 函数" -#: src/SUMMARY.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust.md msgid "Unsafe Traits" msgstr "Unsafe 特征" -#: src/SUMMARY.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust.md msgid "Exercise: FFI Wrapper" msgstr "练习：FFI 封装容器" @@ -633,19 +696,27 @@ msgstr "库" msgid "AIDL" msgstr "AIDL" +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/aidl/birthday-service.md:1 +msgid "Birthday Service Tutorial" +msgstr "生日服务教程" + #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Interface" msgstr "接口" #: src/SUMMARY.md -msgid "Implementation" -msgstr "实现" +msgid "Service API" +msgstr "服务 API" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md +msgid "Service" +msgstr "服务" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Server" msgstr "服务器" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/aidl/deploy.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/aidl/example-service/deploy.md:1 msgid "Deploy" msgstr "部署" @@ -653,11 +724,47 @@ msgstr "部署" msgid "Client" msgstr "客户端" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/aidl/changing.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-definition.md:1 msgid "Changing API" msgstr "更改 API" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/logging.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md +msgid "Updating Implementations" +msgstr "更新实现" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md +msgid "AIDL Types" +msgstr "AIDL 类型" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md:1 +msgid "Primitive Types" +msgstr "原始类型" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/aidl/types/arrays.md:1 +msgid "Array Types" +msgstr "数组类型" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/aidl/types/objects.md:1 +msgid "Sending Objects" +msgstr "发送对象" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/aidl/types/parcelables.md:1 +msgid "Parcelables" +msgstr "Parcelables" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md:1 +msgid "Sending Files" +msgstr "发送文件" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/testing/googletest.md:1 +msgid "GoogleTest" +msgstr "GoogleTest" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/testing/mocking.md:1 +msgid "Mocking" +msgstr "模拟" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/logging.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging.md:1 msgid "Logging" msgstr "日志记录" @@ -677,11 +784,11 @@ msgstr "使用 Bindgen 调用 C 语言" msgid "Calling Rust from C" msgstr "从 C 语言调用 Rust 语言" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp.md:1 msgid "With C++" msgstr "与 C++ 交互" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md:1 msgid "The Bridge Module" msgstr "桥接模块" @@ -689,7 +796,7 @@ msgstr "桥接模块" msgid "Rust Bridge" msgstr "Rust 桥接" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/generated-cpp.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/generated-cpp.md:1 msgid "Generated C++" msgstr "生成的 C++ 代码" @@ -697,23 +804,23 @@ msgstr "生成的 C++ 代码" msgid "C++ Bridge" msgstr "C++ 桥接" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-types.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-types.md:1 msgid "Shared Types" msgstr "共享类型" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-enums.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-enums.md:1 msgid "Shared Enums" msgstr "共享枚举" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md:1 msgid "Rust Error Handling" msgstr "Rust 错误处理" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md:1 msgid "C++ Error Handling" msgstr "C++ 错误处理" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md:1 msgid "Additional Types" msgstr "其他类型" @@ -733,9 +840,11 @@ msgstr "为 Android 构建：Rust" msgid "With Java" msgstr "与 Java 交互" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/android/morning.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:155 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:165 src/exercises/android/morning.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/morning.md src/exercises/bare-metal/afternoon.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/morning.md src/exercises/concurrency/afternoon.md +#: src/concurrency/welcome.md src/concurrency/sync-exercises.md +#: src/concurrency/welcome-async.md src/concurrency/async-exercises.md msgid "Exercises" msgstr "习题" @@ -755,27 +864,27 @@ msgstr "政策" msgid "Unsafe Code" msgstr "不安全代码" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/build-rules/depending.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/build-rules/depending.md:1 msgid "Depending on Rust Code from Chromium C++" msgstr "在 Chromium C++ 中导入 Rust 代码" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md:1 msgid "Visual Studio Code" msgstr "Visual Studio Code" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md:1 msgid "Exercise" msgstr "练习" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/testing/rust-gtest-interop.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/testing/rust-gtest-interop.md:1 msgid "`rust_gtest_interop` Library" msgstr "`rust_gtest_interop` 库" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/testing/build-gn.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/testing/build-gn.md:1 msgid "GN Rules for Rust Tests" msgstr "Rust 测试的 GN 规则" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md:1 msgid "`chromium::import!` Macro" msgstr "`chromium::import!` 宏" @@ -783,15 +892,15 @@ msgstr "`chromium::import!` 宏" msgid "Interoperability with C++" msgstr "与 C++ 的互操作性" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md:1 msgid "Example Bindings" msgstr "绑定示例" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md:1 msgid "Limitations of CXX" msgstr "CXX 的局限性" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md:1 msgid "CXX Error Handling" msgstr "CXX 错误处理" @@ -815,36 +924,33 @@ msgstr "添加第三方 Crate" msgid "Configuring Cargo.toml" msgstr "配置 Cargo.toml" -#: src/SUMMARY.md -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md:1 msgid "Configuring `gnrt_config.toml`" msgstr "配置 `gnrt_config.toml`" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md:1 msgid "Downloading Crates" msgstr "下载 Crate" -#: src/SUMMARY.md -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md:1 msgid "Generating `gn` Build Rules" msgstr "生成 `gn` 构建规则" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md:1 msgid "Resolving Problems" msgstr "解决问题" #: src/SUMMARY.md -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-generate-code.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-generate-code.md:1 msgid "Build Scripts Which Generate Code" msgstr "构建用于生成代码的脚本" #: src/SUMMARY.md -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md:1 msgid "Build Scripts Which Build C++ or Take Arbitrary Actions" msgstr "构建用于构建 C++ 或执行任意操作的脚本" -#: src/SUMMARY.md -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md:1 msgid "Depending on a Crate" msgstr "依赖于 Crate" @@ -856,7 +962,7 @@ msgstr "审查和审核" msgid "Checking into Chromium Source Code" msgstr "提交到 Chromium 源代码" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/keeping-up-to-date.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/keeping-up-to-date.md:1 msgid "Keeping Crates Up to Date" msgstr "及时更新 Crate" @@ -880,7 +986,7 @@ msgstr "`no_std`" msgid "A Minimal Example" msgstr "最小示例" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/no_std.md src/bare-metal/alloc.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/no_std.md src/bare-metal/alloc.md:1 msgid "`alloc`" msgstr "`alloc`" @@ -888,7 +994,7 @@ msgstr "`alloc`" msgid "Microcontrollers" msgstr "微控制器" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md:1 msgid "Raw MMIO" msgstr "原始 MMIO" @@ -908,15 +1014,15 @@ msgstr "板级支持 Crate" msgid "The Type State Pattern" msgstr "类型状态模式" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md:1 msgid "`embedded-hal`" msgstr "`embedded-hal`" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md:1 msgid "`probe-rs` and `cargo-embed`" msgstr "`probe-rs` 和 `cargo-embed`" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md:1 msgid "Debugging" msgstr "调试" @@ -924,12 +1030,14 @@ msgstr "调试" msgid "Other Projects" msgstr "其他项目" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md:1 +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md:3 msgid "Compass" msgstr "罗盘" -#: src/SUMMARY.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/sync-exercises.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/solutions.md:1 src/concurrency/async-exercises.md +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:1 msgid "Solutions" msgstr "解答" @@ -941,7 +1049,7 @@ msgstr "裸机：下午" msgid "Application Processors" msgstr "应用处理器" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md:1 msgid "Getting Ready to Rust" msgstr "准备使用 Rust" @@ -965,7 +1073,7 @@ msgstr "更多特征" msgid "A Better UART Driver" msgstr "优化 UART 驱动程序" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md:1 msgid "Bitflags" msgstr "Bitflags" @@ -973,7 +1081,7 @@ msgstr "Bitflags" msgid "Multiple Registers" msgstr "多寄存器" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md:1 msgid "Driver" msgstr "驱动程序" @@ -981,27 +1089,31 @@ msgstr "驱动程序" msgid "Using It" msgstr "开始使用" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md:1 msgid "Exceptions" msgstr "异常" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md +msgid "Useful Crates" +msgstr "实用 Crate" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md:1 msgid "`zerocopy`" msgstr "`zerocopy`" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md:1 msgid "`aarch64-paging`" msgstr "`aarch64-paging`" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/useful-crates/buddy_system_allocator.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/useful-crates/buddy_system_allocator.md:1 msgid "`buddy_system_allocator`" msgstr "`buddy_system_allocator`" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/useful-crates/tinyvec.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/useful-crates/tinyvec.md:1 msgid "`tinyvec`" msgstr "`tinyvec`" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md:1 msgid "`spin`" msgstr "`spin`" @@ -1017,23 +1129,34 @@ msgstr "RTC 驱动" msgid "Concurrency: Morning" msgstr "并发：上午" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/threads.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:151 src/concurrency/welcome.md +#: src/concurrency/threads.md msgid "Threads" msgstr "线程" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/threads.md src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:1 +msgid "Plain Threads" +msgstr "普通线程" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/threads.md src/concurrency/threads/scoped.md:1 msgid "Scoped Threads" msgstr "范围线程" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/channels.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:152 src/concurrency/welcome.md +#: src/concurrency/channels.md msgid "Channels" msgstr "通道" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/channels.md +#: src/concurrency/channels/senders-receivers.md:1 +msgid "Senders and Receivers" +msgstr "发送者和接收者" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/channels.md src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md:1 msgid "Unbounded Channels" msgstr "无界通道" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/channels.md src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md:1 msgid "Bounded Channels" msgstr "有界通道" @@ -1041,42 +1164,49 @@ msgstr "有界通道" msgid "`Send` and `Sync`" msgstr "`Send` 和 `Sync`" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/send-sync/send.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/send-sync.md src/concurrency/send-sync/marker-traits.md:1 +msgid "Marker Traits" +msgstr "标记特征" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/send-sync/send.md:1 msgid "`Send`" msgstr "`Send`" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md:1 msgid "`Sync`" msgstr "`Sync`" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/send-sync.md src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:1 msgid "Examples" msgstr "示例" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/shared_state.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:154 src/concurrency/welcome.md +#: src/concurrency/shared-state.md msgid "Shared State" msgstr "共享状态" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/shared-state/arc.md:1 msgid "`Arc`" msgstr "`Arc`" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/shared-state/mutex.md:1 msgid "`Mutex`" msgstr "互斥器（`Mutex`）" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/review.md -#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md -#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/review.md:16 +#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md:23 src/concurrency/shared-state.md +#: src/concurrency/shared-state/example.md:1 msgid "Example" msgstr "示例" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/sync-exercises.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:1 +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/solutions.md:3 src/concurrency/async-exercises.md msgid "Dining Philosophers" msgstr "哲学家就餐问题" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/sync-exercises.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/link-checker.md:1 msgid "Multi-threaded Link Checker" msgstr "多线程链接检查器" @@ -1084,69 +1214,79 @@ msgstr "多线程链接检查器" msgid "Concurrency: Afternoon" msgstr "并发：下午" -#: src/SUMMARY.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:162 +#: src/concurrency/welcome-async.md src/concurrency/async.md msgid "Async Basics" msgstr "异步基础" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/async-await.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/async/async-await.md:1 msgid "`async`/`await`" msgstr "`async`/`await`" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/futures.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/async.md src/concurrency/async/futures.md:1 msgid "Futures" msgstr "Futures" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/runtimes.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/async.md src/concurrency/async/runtimes.md:1 msgid "Runtimes" msgstr "Runtimes" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/runtimes/tokio.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/async/runtimes/tokio.md:1 msgid "Tokio" msgstr "Tokio" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md src/async/tasks.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/sync-exercises/link-checker.md:119 +#: src/concurrency/async.md src/concurrency/async/tasks.md:1 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:143 msgid "Tasks" msgstr "任务" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/channels.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:163 +#: src/concurrency/welcome-async.md src/concurrency/async-control-flow.md +msgid "Channels and Control Flow" +msgstr "通道和控制流" + +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/async-control-flow.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/channels.md:1 msgid "Async Channels" msgstr "异步通道" -#: src/SUMMARY.md -msgid "Control Flow" -msgstr "控制流" - -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/control-flow/join.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/async-control-flow.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/join.md:1 msgid "Join" msgstr "加入" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/control-flow/select.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/async-control-flow.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/select.md:1 msgid "Select" msgstr "选择" -#: src/SUMMARY.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:164 +#: src/concurrency/welcome-async.md src/concurrency/async-pitfalls.md msgid "Pitfalls" msgstr "误区" -#: src/SUMMARY.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/async-pitfalls.md msgid "Blocking the Executor" msgstr "阻塞执行器" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/pitfalls/pin.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/pin.md:1 msgid "`Pin`" msgstr "`Pin`" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/async-pitfalls.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/async-traits.md:1 msgid "Async Traits" msgstr "异步特征" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/async-pitfalls.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/cancellation.md:1 msgid "Cancellation" msgstr "消除" -#: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md +#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/async-exercises.md +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:1 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:102 msgid "Broadcast Chat Application" msgstr "广播聊天应用" @@ -1158,6 +1298,7 @@ msgstr "结束语" msgid "Thanks!" msgstr "谢谢！" +#. Please keep { #glossary } untranslated. #: src/SUMMARY.md src/glossary.md msgid "Glossary" msgstr "词汇表" @@ -1172,46 +1313,41 @@ msgstr "鸣谢" #: src/index.md msgid "" -"[![Build workflow](https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/" -"google/comprehensive-rust/build.yml?style=flat-square)](https://github.com/" -"google/comprehensive-rust/actions/workflows/build.yml?query=branch%3Amain) [!" -"[GitHub contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/google/" -"comprehensive-rust?style=flat-square)](https://github.com/google/" -"comprehensive-rust/graphs/contributors) [![GitHub stars](https://img.shields." -"io/github/stars/google/comprehensive-rust?style=flat-square)](https://github." -"com/google/comprehensive-rust/stargazers)" -msgstr "" -"[![构建工作流](https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/google/" -"comprehensive-rust/build.yml?style=flat-square)](https://github.com/google/" -"comprehensive-rust/actions/workflows/build.yml?query=branch%3Amain) [!" -"[GitHub 贡献者](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/google/" -"comprehensive-rust?style=flat-square)](https://github.com/google/" -"comprehensive-rust/graphs/contributors) [![GitHub 星标](https://img.shields." -"io/github/stars/google/comprehensive-rust?style=flat-square)](https://github." -"com/google/comprehensive-rust/stargazers)" +"![Build workflow](https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/google/" +"comprehensive-rust/build.yml?style=flat-square) ![GitHub contributors](https://img." +"shields.io/github/contributors/google/comprehensive-rust?style=flat-square) ![GitHub " +"stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/google/comprehensive-rust?style=flat-square)" +msgstr "" +"![构建工作流](https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/google/comprehensive-" +"rust/build.yml?style=flat-square) ![GitHub 贡献者](https://img.shields.io/github/" +"contributors/google/comprehensive-rust?style=flat-square) ![GitHub 星标](https://img." +"shields.io/github/stars/google/comprehensive-rust?style=flat-square)" #: src/index.md msgid "" -"This is a free Rust course developed by the Android team at Google. The " -"course covers the full spectrum of Rust, from basic syntax to advanced " -"topics like generics and error handling." +"This is a free Rust course developed by the Android team at Google. The course covers " +"the full spectrum of Rust, from basic syntax to advanced topics like generics and error " +"handling." msgstr "" -"这是一门由 Android 团队开发的免费 Rust 课程。课程涵盖了 Rust 的全部内容，从基" -"本语法到泛型和错误处理等高级主题。" +"这是一门由 Android 团队开发的免费 Rust 课程。课程涵盖了 Rust 的全部内容，从基本语法到泛型" +"和错误处理等高级主题。" #: src/index.md msgid "" -"The latest version of the course can be found at . If you are reading somewhere else, please check there " -"for updates." +"The latest version of the course can be found at https://google.github.io/comprehensive-" +"rust/. If you are reading somewhere else, please check there for updates." msgstr "" -"如需查看课程的最新版本，请访问 。如果您在其他地方阅读，请在那里查看更新。" +"如需查看课程的最新版本，请访问 https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/。如果您在其他" +"地方阅读，请在那里查看更新。" + +#: src/index.md +msgid "The course is also available as a PDF." +msgstr "本课程同样提供PDF。" #: src/index.md msgid "" -"The goal of the course is to teach you Rust. We assume you don't know " -"anything about Rust and hope to:" +"The goal of the course is to teach you Rust. We assume you don't know anything about " +"Rust and hope to:" msgstr "本课程的目标是教会你使用 Rust。假设你对 Rust 一无所知，本课程可以：" #: src/index.md @@ -1231,47 +1367,41 @@ msgid "We call the first four course days Rust Fundamentals." msgstr "我们将前四天的课程称为“Rust 基础”。" #: src/index.md -msgid "" -"Building on this, you're invited to dive into one or more specialized topics:" +msgid "Building on this, you're invited to dive into one or more specialized topics:" msgstr "在此基础上，你可以选择深入研究一个或多个专门的主题：" #: src/index.md msgid "" -"[Android](android.md): a half-day course on using Rust for Android platform " -"development (AOSP). This includes interoperability with C, C++, and Java." +"Android: a half-day course on using Rust for Android platform development (AOSP). This " +"includes interoperability with C, C++, and Java." msgstr "" -"[Android](android.md)：为期半天的课程，介绍如何在 Android 平台开发中使用 Rust" -"（AOSP）。课程内容包括与 C、C++ 和 Java 的互操作性。" +"Android：为期半天的课程，介绍如何在 Android 平台开发中使用 Rust（AOSP）。课程内容包括与 " +"C、C++ 和 Java 的互操作性。" #: src/index.md msgid "" -"[Chromium](chromium.md): a half-day course on using Rust within Chromium " -"based browsers. This includes interoperability with C++ and how to include " -"third-party crates in Chromium." +"Chromium: a half-day course on using Rust within Chromium based browsers. This includes " +"interoperability with C++ and how to include third-party crates in Chromium." msgstr "" -"[Chromium](chromium.md)：为期半天的课程，介绍如何在基于 Chromium 的浏览器中使" -"用 Rust。课程内容包括与 C++ 的互操作性以及如何在 Chromium 中加入第三方 " -"crate。" +"Chromium：为期半天的课程，介绍如何在基于 Chromium 的浏览器中使用 Rust。课程内容包括与 C+" +"+ 的互操作性以及如何在 Chromium 中加入第三方 crate。" #: src/index.md msgid "" -"[Bare-metal](bare-metal.md): a whole-day class on using Rust for bare-metal " -"(embedded) development. Both microcontrollers and application processors are " -"covered." +"Bare-metal: a whole-day class on using Rust for bare-metal (embedded) development. Both " +"microcontrollers and application processors are covered." msgstr "" -"[裸机](bare-metal.md)：为期一天的课程，介绍如何使用 Rust 进行裸机（嵌入式）开" -"发。课程内容涵盖微控制器和应用处理器。" +"裸机：为期一天的课程，介绍如何使用 Rust 进行裸机（嵌入式）开发。课程内容涵盖微控制器和应" +"用处理器。" #: src/index.md msgid "" -"[Concurrency](concurrency.md): a whole-day class on concurrency in Rust. We " -"cover both classical concurrency (preemptively scheduling using threads and " -"mutexes) and async/await concurrency (cooperative multitasking using " -"futures)." +"Concurrency: a whole-day class on concurrency in Rust. We cover both classical " +"concurrency (preemptively scheduling using threads and mutexes) and async/await " +"concurrency (cooperative multitasking using futures)." msgstr "" -"[并发](concurrency.md)：为期一天的课程，介绍 Rust 中的并发性。我们将涵盖传统" -"并发（使用线程和互斥锁进行抢占式调度）和 async/await 并发（使用 futures 进行" -"协作式多任务处理）。" +"并发：为期一天的课程，介绍 Rust 中的并发性。我们将涵盖传统并发（使用线程和互斥锁进行抢占" +"式调度）和 async/await 并发（使用 futures 进行协作式多任务处理）。" #: src/index.md msgid "Non-Goals" @@ -1279,21 +1409,15 @@ msgstr "非目标" #: src/index.md msgid "" -"Rust is a large language and we won't be able to cover all of it in a few " -"days. Some non-goals of this course are:" -msgstr "" -"Rust 是一门庞大的语言，短短几天的课程无法覆盖其全部内容。本课程不包括以下内" -"容：" +"Rust is a large language and we won't be able to cover all of it in a few days. Some non-" +"goals of this course are:" +msgstr "Rust 是一门庞大的语言，短短几天的课程无法覆盖其全部内容。本课程不包括以下内容：" #: src/index.md msgid "" -"Learning how to develop macros: please see [Chapter 19.5 in the Rust Book]" -"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch19-06-macros.html) and [Rust by Example]" -"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/macros.html) instead." -msgstr "" -"学习如何开发宏：请参阅 [Rust Book 的第 19.5 章](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" -"book/ch19-06-macros.html) 和 [Rust by Examples 对应章节](https://doc.rust-" -"lang.org/rust-by-example/macros.html)。" +"Learning how to develop macros: please see Chapter 19.5 in the Rust Book and Rust by " +"Example instead." +msgstr "学习如何开发宏：请参阅 Rust Book 的第 19.5 章和 Rust by Examples 对应章节。" #: src/index.md msgid "Assumptions" @@ -1301,50 +1425,46 @@ msgstr "学习前提" #: src/index.md msgid "" -"The course assumes that you already know how to program. Rust is a " -"statically-typed language and we will sometimes make comparisons with C and " -"C++ to better explain or contrast the Rust approach." +"The course assumes that you already know how to program. Rust is a statically-typed " +"language and we will sometimes make comparisons with C and C++ to better explain or " +"contrast the Rust approach." msgstr "" -"本课程假设你已经具备编程知识。Rust 是一种静态类型语言，本课程有时会将其与 C " -"和 C++ 进行比较，以便更好地解释或对比 Rust 的设计。" +"本课程假设你已经具备编程知识。Rust 是一种静态类型语言，本课程有时会将其与 C 和 C++ 进行比" +"较，以便更好地解释或对比 Rust 的设计。" #: src/index.md msgid "" -"If you know how to program in a dynamically-typed language such as Python or " -"JavaScript, then you will be able to follow along just fine too." -msgstr "" -"如果你会使用 Python 或 JavaScript 等动态类型语言编程，那么你也能够很好地跟上" -"进度。" +"If you know how to program in a dynamically-typed language such as Python or JavaScript, " +"then you will be able to follow along just fine too." +msgstr "如果你会使用 Python 或 JavaScript 等动态类型语言编程，那么你也能够很好地跟上进度。" #: src/index.md msgid "" -"This is an example of a _speaker note_. We will use these to add additional " -"information to the slides. This could be key points which the instructor " -"should cover as well as answers to typical questions which come up in class." +"This is an example of a _speaker note_. We will use these to add additional information " +"to the slides. This could be key points which the instructor should cover as well as " +"answers to typical questions which come up in class." msgstr "" -"这是演讲者备注（_Speaker Notes_）的示例。页面中使用它来为幻灯片添加备注信息，" -"其内容包括讲师应涉及的要点，以及对课堂上可能出现的典型问题的回答。" +"这是演讲者备注（_Speaker Notes_）的示例。页面中使用它来为幻灯片添加备注信息，其内容包括讲" +"师应涉及的要点，以及对课堂上可能出现的典型问题的回答。" -#: src/running-the-course.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md +#: src/running-the-course.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:3 msgid "This page is for the course instructor." msgstr "本页供课程讲师使用。" #: src/running-the-course.md msgid "" -"Here is a bit of background information about how we've been running the " -"course internally at Google." +"Here is a bit of background information about how we've been running the course " +"internally at Google." msgstr "以下是有关 Google 内部开展课程的一些相关背景。" #: src/running-the-course.md msgid "" -"We typically run classes from 9:00 am to 4:00 pm, with a 1 hour lunch break " -"in the middle. This leaves 3 hours for the morning class and 3 hours for the " -"afternoon class. Both sessions contain multiple breaks and time for students " -"to work on exercises." +"We typically run classes from 9:00 am to 4:00 pm, with a 1 hour lunch break in the " +"middle. This leaves 3 hours for the morning class and 3 hours for the afternoon class. " +"Both sessions contain multiple breaks and time for students to work on exercises." msgstr "" -"上课时间通常是从上午 9:00 到下午 4:00，中间有 1 小时的午餐休息时间。这样上午" -"和下午就各有 3 小时上课时间。上下午上课时间段内都有多次休息时间和学生做练习的" -"时间。" +"上课时间通常是从上午 9:00 到下午 4:00，中间有 1 小时的午餐休息时间。这样上午和下午就各有 " +"3 小时上课时间。上下午上课时间段内都有多次休息时间和学生做练习的时间。" #: src/running-the-course.md msgid "Before you run the course, you will want to:" @@ -1352,916 +1472,819 @@ msgstr "在授课之前，你需要完成以下事项：" #: src/running-the-course.md msgid "" -"Make yourself familiar with the course material. We've included speaker " -"notes to help highlight the key points (please help us by contributing more " -"speaker notes!). When presenting, you should make sure to open the speaker " -"notes in a popup (click the link with a little arrow next to \"Speaker " -"Notes\"). This way you have a clean screen to present to the class." +"Make yourself familiar with the course material. We've included speaker notes to help " +"highlight the key points (please help us by contributing more speaker notes!). When " +"presenting, you should make sure to open the speaker notes in a popup (click the link " +"with a little arrow next to \"Speaker Notes\"). This way you have a clean screen to " +"present to the class." msgstr "" -"熟悉课程资料。页面提供了演讲者注释以突出重点（请帮忙多多贡献演讲者备注！）。" -"演讲时，请确保在弹出窗口中打开演讲者笔记（点击“演讲者笔记”旁边带小箭头的链" -"接）。这样就可以确保屏幕整洁有序，更好地向全班学员展示课程内容。" +"熟悉课程资料。页面提供了演讲者注释以突出重点（请帮忙多多贡献演讲者备注！）。演讲时，请确" +"保在弹出窗口中打开演讲者笔记（点击“演讲者笔记”旁边带小箭头的链接）。这样就可以确保屏幕整" +"洁有序，更好地向全班学员展示课程内容。" #: src/running-the-course.md msgid "" -"Decide on the dates. Since the course takes four days, we recommend that you " -"schedule the days over two weeks. Course participants have said that they " -"find it helpful to have a gap in the course since it helps them process all " -"the information we give them." +"Decide on the dates. Since the course takes four days, we recommend that you schedule " +"the days over two weeks. Course participants have said that they find it helpful to have " +"a gap in the course since it helps them process all the information we give them." msgstr "" -"决定培训日期。由于课程为期四天，建议将时间安排在两周内。课程学员曾表示，他们" -"认为在课程保留一些间隙有助于更好地进行理解。" +"决定培训日期。由于课程为期四天，建议将时间安排在两周内。课程学员曾表示，他们认为在课程保" +"留一些间隙有助于更好地进行理解。" #: src/running-the-course.md msgid "" -"Find a room large enough for your in-person participants. We recommend a " -"class size of 15-25 people. That's small enough that people are comfortable " -"asking questions --- it's also small enough that one instructor will have " -"time to answer the questions. Make sure the room has _desks_ for yourself " -"and for the students: you will all need to be able to sit and work with your " -"laptops. In particular, you will be doing a lot of live-coding as an " -"instructor, so a lectern won't be very helpful for you." +"Find a room large enough for your in-person participants. We recommend a class size of " +"15-25 people. That's small enough that people are comfortable asking questions --- it's " +"also small enough that one instructor will have time to answer the questions. Make sure " +"the room has _desks_ for yourself and for the students: you will all need to be able to " +"sit and work with your laptops. In particular, you will be doing a lot of live-coding as " +"an instructor, so a lectern won't be very helpful for you." msgstr "" -"找一间足以容纳全体线下学员的教室。建议的班级人数为 15-25 人。这样少的人数可以" -"让大家能够更轻松地提问，也可以让仅有一位的讲师有足够时间回答问题。确保教室里" -"有讲师和学生用的桌子，并能够坐下来使用笔记本电脑。特别地，讲师需要进行大量的" -"现场编码工作，因此讲台是不需要的。" +"找一间足以容纳全体线下学员的教室。建议的班级人数为 15-25 人。这样少的人数可以让大家能够更" +"轻松地提问，也可以让仅有一位的讲师有足够时间回答问题。确保教室里有讲师和学生用的桌子，并" +"能够坐下来使用笔记本电脑。特别地，讲师需要进行大量的现场编码工作，因此讲台是不需要的。" #: src/running-the-course.md msgid "" -"On the day of your course, show up to the room a little early to set things " -"up. We recommend presenting directly using `mdbook serve` running on your " -"laptop (see the [installation instructions](https://github.com/google/" -"comprehensive-rust#building)). This ensures optimal performance with no lag " -"as you change pages. Using your laptop will also allow you to fix typos as " -"you or the course participants spot them." +"On the day of your course, show up to the room a little early to set things up. We " +"recommend presenting directly using `mdbook serve` running on your laptop (see the " +"installation instructions). This ensures optimal performance with no lag as you change " +"pages. Using your laptop will also allow you to fix typos as you or the course " +"participants spot them." msgstr "" -"课程当天，请提早到教室进行准备。建议直接在笔记本电脑上运行 `mdbook serve` 来" -"演示课程内容（请参阅[安装说明](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-" -"rust#building)）。这样可以确保在更换页面时不会出现延迟，演示效果更好。使用笔" -"记本运行还可以在发现错别字时及时更正。" +"课程当天，请提早到教室进行准备。建议直接在笔记本电脑上运行 `mdbook serve` 来演示课程内容" +"（请参阅安装说明）。这样可以确保在更换页面时不会出现延迟，演示效果更好。使用笔记本运行还" +"可以在发现错别字时及时更正。" #: src/running-the-course.md msgid "" -"Let people solve the exercises by themselves or in small groups. We " -"typically spend 30-45 minutes on exercises in the morning and in the " -"afternoon (including time to review the solutions). Make sure to ask people " -"if they're stuck or if there is anything you can help with. When you see " -"that several people have the same problem, call it out to the class and " -"offer a solution, e.g., by showing people where to find the relevant " +"Let people solve the exercises by themselves or in small groups. We typically spend " +"30-45 minutes on exercises in the morning and in the afternoon (including time to review " +"the solutions). Make sure to ask people if they're stuck or if there is anything you can " +"help with. When you see that several people have the same problem, call it out to the " +"class and offer a solution, e.g., by showing people where to find the relevant " "information in the standard library." msgstr "" -"让学员自己或以小组为单位解决练习问题。通常在上午和下午各安排 30-45 分钟的练习" -"时间（包括查看解答的时间）。请务必询问学员是否遇到困难，或是否需要任何帮助。" -"如果有多位学员遇到同样的问题，则在班级内进行讲解，并提供相应的解决方案，例如" -"告诉大家在标准库的什么位置可以找到相关信息。" +"让学员自己或以小组为单位解决练习问题。通常在上午和下午各安排 30-45 分钟的练习时间（包括查" +"看解答的时间）。请务必询问学员是否遇到困难，或是否需要任何帮助。如果有多位学员遇到同样的" +"问题，则在班级内进行讲解，并提供相应的解决方案，例如告诉大家在标准库的什么位置可以找到相" +"关信息。" #: src/running-the-course.md msgid "" -"That is all, good luck running the course! We hope it will be as much fun " -"for you as it has been for us!" +"That is all, good luck running the course! We hope it will be as much fun for you as it " +"has been for us!" msgstr "以上就是全部事项，祝你授课顺利！希望你能像我们一样享受其中的乐趣！" #: src/running-the-course.md msgid "" -"Please [provide feedback](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/" -"discussions/86) afterwards so that we can keep improving the course. We " -"would love to hear what worked well for you and what can be made better. " -"Your students are also very welcome to [send us feedback](https://github.com/" -"google/comprehensive-rust/discussions/100)!" +"Please provide feedback afterwards so that we can keep improving the course. We would " +"love to hear what worked well for you and what can be made better. Your students are " +"also very welcome to send us feedback!" msgstr "" -"欢迎你在课后 [提供反馈](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/" -"discussions/86)，以帮助我们不断改进课程。我们非常期待了解哪些方面做得不错，哪" -"些方面还需要改进。同时非常欢迎学生们 [向我们发送反馈](https://github.com/" -"google/comprehensive-rust/discussions/100)！" +"欢迎你在课后提供反馈，以帮助我们不断改进课程。我们非常期待了解哪些方面做得不错，哪些方面" +"还需要改进。同时非常欢迎学生们向我们发送反馈！" -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:5 msgid "Rust Fundamentals" msgstr "Rust 基础" -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:7 msgid "" -"The first four days make up [Rust Fundamentals](../welcome-day-1.md). The " -"days are fast paced and we cover a lot of ground!" -msgstr "" -"前四天的内容是 [Rust 基础](../welcome-day-1.md)。这几天的课程节奏很快，内容也" -"很丰富！" +"The first four days make up Rust Fundamentals. The days are fast paced and we cover a " +"lot of ground!" +msgstr "前四天的内容是 Rust 基础。这几天的课程节奏很快，内容也很丰富！" -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:10 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:146 msgid "Course schedule:" msgstr "课程安排：" -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "Day 1 Morning (2 hours and 40 minutes, including breaks)" -msgstr "第一天上午（2 小时 40 分钟，含休息时间）" - -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "[Welcome](../welcome-day-1.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "[欢迎](../welcome-day-1.md)（5 分钟）" - -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "[Hello, World](../hello-world.md) (20 minutes)" -msgstr "[Hello, World](../hello-world.md)（20 分钟）" - -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "[Types and Values](../types-and-values.md) (55 minutes)" -msgstr "[类型和值](../types-and-values.md)（55 分钟）" - -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "[Control Flow Basics](../control-flow-basics.md) (55 minutes)" -msgstr "[控制流](../control-flow-basics.md)（55 分钟）" - -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "Day 1 Afternoon (2 hours and 55 minutes, including breaks)" -msgstr "第一天下午（2 小时 55 分钟，含休息时间）" - -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "[Tuples and Arrays](../tuples-and-arrays.md) (1 hour)" -msgstr "[元组和数组](../tuples-and-arrays.md)（1 小时）" - -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "[References](../references.md) (50 minutes)" -msgstr "[引用](../references.md)（50 分钟）" - -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "[User-Defined Types](../user-defined-types.md) (50 minutes)" -msgstr "[用户定义的类型](../user-defined-types.md)（50 分钟）" - -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "Day 2 Morning (2 hours and 40 minutes, including breaks)" -msgstr "第二天上午（2 小时 40 分钟，含休息时间）" - -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "[Welcome](../welcome-day-2.md) (3 minutes)" -msgstr "[欢迎](../welcome-day-2.md)（3 分钟）" - -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "[Pattern Matching](../pattern-matching.md) (50 minutes)" -msgstr "[模式匹配](../pattern-matching.md)（50 分钟）" - -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "[Methods and Traits](../methods-and-traits.md) (40 minutes)" -msgstr "[方法和特征](../methods-and-traits.md)（45 分钟）" - -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "[Generics](../generics.md) (40 minutes)" -msgstr "[泛型](../generics.md)（45 分钟）" - -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "Day 2 Afternoon (3 hours, including breaks)" -msgstr "第二天下午（3 小时，含休息时间）" +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:11 +msgid "Day 1 Morning (2 hours and 5 minutes, including breaks)" +msgstr "第一天上午（2 小时 5 分钟，含休息时间）" + +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:13 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:23 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:32 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:41 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:50 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:59 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:67 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:77 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:149 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:160 src/welcome-day-1.md +#: src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md src/welcome-day-2.md src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md +#: src/welcome-day-3.md src/welcome-day-3-afternoon.md src/welcome-day-4.md +#: src/welcome-day-4-afternoon.md src/concurrency/welcome.md +#: src/concurrency/welcome-async.md +msgid "Segment" +msgstr "部分" + +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:13 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:23 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:32 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:41 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:50 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:59 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:67 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:77 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:149 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:160 src/welcome-day-1.md src/hello-world.md +#: src/types-and-values.md src/control-flow-basics.md src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md +#: src/tuples-and-arrays.md src/references.md src/user-defined-types.md +#: src/welcome-day-2.md src/pattern-matching.md src/methods-and-traits.md +#: src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md src/generics.md src/std-types.md src/std-traits.md +#: src/welcome-day-3.md src/memory-management.md src/smart-pointers.md +#: src/welcome-day-3-afternoon.md src/borrowing.md src/lifetimes.md src/welcome-day-4.md +#: src/iterators.md src/modules.md src/testing.md src/welcome-day-4-afternoon.md +#: src/error-handling.md src/unsafe-rust.md src/concurrency/welcome.md +#: src/concurrency/threads.md src/concurrency/channels.md src/concurrency/send-sync.md +#: src/concurrency/shared-state.md src/concurrency/sync-exercises.md +#: src/concurrency/welcome-async.md src/concurrency/async.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow.md src/concurrency/async-pitfalls.md +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises.md +msgid "Duration" +msgstr "持续时间" + +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:15 src/welcome-day-1.md +#: src/types-and-values.md src/control-flow-basics.md src/tuples-and-arrays.md +#: src/user-defined-types.md src/generics.md src/std-types.md src/std-traits.md +#: src/memory-management.md src/smart-pointers.md src/lifetimes.md src/iterators.md +#: src/modules.md src/testing.md src/error-handling.md src/unsafe-rust.md +#: src/concurrency/shared-state.md src/concurrency/async-control-flow.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls.md +msgid "5 minutes" +msgstr "5 分钟" + +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:16 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:153 src/welcome-day-1.md +#: src/types-and-values.md src/control-flow-basics.md src/tuples-and-arrays.md +#: src/references.md src/user-defined-types.md src/methods-and-traits.md src/modules.md +#: src/concurrency/welcome.md src/concurrency/threads.md src/concurrency/shared-state.md +msgid "15 minutes" +msgstr "15 分钟" + +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:17 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:18 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:71 src/welcome-day-1.md src/welcome-day-4.md +msgid "40 minutes" +msgstr "40 分钟" + +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:21 +msgid "Day 1 Afternoon (2 hours and 35 minutes, including breaks)" +msgstr "第一天下午（2 小时 35 分钟，含休息时间）" + +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:25 src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md +msgid "35 minutes" +msgstr "35 分钟" + +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:26 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:54 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:61 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:79 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:164 src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md +#: src/welcome-day-3.md src/welcome-day-3-afternoon.md src/welcome-day-4-afternoon.md +#: src/concurrency/welcome-async.md +msgid "55 minutes" +msgstr "55 分钟" + +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:27 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:36 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:62 src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md +#: src/welcome-day-2.md src/welcome-day-3-afternoon.md +msgid "50 minutes" +msgstr "50 分钟" + +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:30 +msgid "Day 2 Morning (2 hours and 10 minutes, including breaks)" +msgstr "第二天上午（2 小时 10 分钟，含休息时间）" + +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:34 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:52 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:69 src/hello-world.md src/types-and-values.md +#: src/control-flow-basics.md src/tuples-and-arrays.md src/welcome-day-2.md +#: src/methods-and-traits.md src/std-types.md src/welcome-day-3.md src/borrowing.md +#: src/welcome-day-4.md src/modules.md src/testing.md src/error-handling.md +msgid "3 minutes" +msgstr "3 分钟" + +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:35 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:53 src/welcome-day-2.md src/welcome-day-3.md +msgid "1 hour" +msgstr "1 小时" + +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:39 +msgid "Day 2 Afternoon (4 hours and 5 minutes, including breaks)" +msgstr "第二天下午（4 小时 5 分钟，含休息时间）" + +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:43 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:70 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:72 src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md +#: src/welcome-day-4.md +msgid "45 minutes" +msgstr "45 分钟" -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "[Standard Library Types](../std-types.md) (1 hour and 10 minutes)" -msgstr "[标准库类型](../std-types.md)（1 小时 10 分钟）" +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:44 src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md +msgid "1 hour and 20 minutes" +msgstr "1 小时 20 分钟" -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "[Standard Library Traits](../std-traits.md) (1 hour and 40 minutes)" -msgstr "[标准库特征](../std-traits.md)（1 小时 40 分钟）" +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:45 src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md +msgid "1 hour and 40 minutes" +msgstr "1 小时 40 分钟" -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:48 msgid "Day 3 Morning (2 hours and 20 minutes, including breaks)" msgstr "第三天上午（2 小时 20 分钟，含休息时间）" -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "[Welcome](../welcome-day-3.md) (3 minutes)" -msgstr "[欢迎](../welcome-day-3.md)（3 分钟）" +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:57 +msgid "Day 3 Afternoon (1 hour and 55 minutes, including breaks)" +msgstr "第三天下午（1 小时 55 分钟，含休息时间）" -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "[Memory Management](../memory-management.md) (1 hour)" -msgstr "[内存管理](../memory-management.md)（1 小时）" +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:65 +msgid "Day 4 Morning (2 hours and 40 minutes, including breaks)" +msgstr "第四天上午（2 小时 40 分钟，含休息时间）" -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "[Smart Pointers](../smart-pointers.md) (55 minutes)" -msgstr "[智能指针](../smart-pointers.md)（55 分钟）" +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:75 +msgid "Day 4 Afternoon (2 hours and 10 minutes, including breaks)" +msgstr "第四天下午（2 小时 10 分钟，含休息时间）" -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "Day 3 Afternoon (2 hours and 20 minutes, including breaks)" -msgstr "第三天下午（2 小时 20 分钟，含休息时间）" +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:80 src/welcome-day-4-afternoon.md +msgid "1 hour and 5 minutes" +msgstr "1 小时 5 分钟" -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "[Borrowing](../borrowing.md) (1 hour)" -msgstr "[借用](../borrowing.md)（1 小时）" - -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "" -"[Slices and Lifetimes](../slices-and-lifetimes.md) (1 hour and 10 minutes)" -msgstr "[切片与生命周期](../slices-and-lifetimes.md)（1 小时 10 分钟）" - -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "Day 4 Morning (2 hours and 50 minutes, including breaks)" -msgstr "第四天上午（2 小时 50 分钟，含休息时间）" - -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "[Welcome](../welcome-day-4.md) (3 minutes)" -msgstr "[欢迎](../welcome-day-4.md)（3 分钟）" - -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "[Iterators](../iterators.md) (45 minutes)" -msgstr "[迭代器](../iterators.md)（45 分钟）" - -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "[Modules](../modules.md) (40 minutes)" -msgstr "[模块](../modules.md)（40 分钟）" - -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "[Testing](../testing.md) (1 hour)" -msgstr "[测试](../testing.md)（1 小时）" - -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "Day 4 Afternoon (2 hours, including breaks)" -msgstr "第四天下午（2 小时，含休息时间）" - -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "[Error Handling](../error-handling.md) (45 minutes)" -msgstr "[错误处理](../error-handling.md)（45 分钟）" - -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "[Unsafe Rust](../unsafe-rust.md) (1 hour and 5 minutes)" -msgstr "[不安全 Rust](../unsafe-rust.md)（1 小时 5 分钟）" - -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:85 msgid "Deep Dives" msgstr "深入探究" -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:87 msgid "" -"In addition to the 4-day class on Rust Fundamentals, we cover some more " -"specialized topics:" +"In addition to the 4-day class on Rust Fundamentals, we cover some more specialized " +"topics:" msgstr "除了为期四天的“Rust 基础”课程外，还有一些专业课题提供：" -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:90 msgid "Rust in Android" msgstr "Android 中的 Rust" -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:92 msgid "" -"The [Rust in Android](../android.md) deep dive is a half-day course on using " -"Rust for Android platform development. This includes interoperability with " -"C, C++, and Java." +"The Rust in Android deep dive is a half-day course on using Rust for Android platform " +"development. This includes interoperability with C, C++, and Java." msgstr "" -"深入探究 [Android 中的 Rust](../android.md) 课程为期半天，旨在介绍如何使用 " -"Rust 进行 Android 平台开发。其中包括与 C、C++ 和 Java 的互操作性。" +"深入探究 Android 中的 Rust 课程为期半天，旨在介绍如何使用 Rust 进行 Android 平台开发。其" +"中包括与 C、C++ 和 Java 的互操作性。" -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:96 msgid "" -"You will need an [AOSP checkout](https://source.android.com/docs/setup/" -"download/downloading). Make a checkout of the [course repository](https://" -"github.com/google/comprehensive-rust) on the same machine and move the `src/" -"android/` directory into the root of your AOSP checkout. This will ensure " -"that the Android build system sees the `Android.bp` files in `src/android/`." +"You will need an AOSP checkout. Make a checkout of the course repository on the same " +"machine and move the `src/android/` directory into the root of your AOSP checkout. This " +"will ensure that the Android build system sees the `Android.bp` files in `src/android/`." msgstr "" -"你需要 [检出 AOSP](https://source.android.com/docs/setup/download/" -"downloading)。在同一机器上检出 [课程库](https://github.com/google/" -"comprehensive-rust)， 然后将 `src/android/` 目录移至所检出的 AOSP 的根目录。" -"这将确保 Android 构建系统能检测到 `src/android/` 中的 `Android.bp` 文件。" +"你需要检出 AOSP。在同一机器上检出课程库， 然后将 `src/android/` 目录移至所检出的 AOSP 的" +"根目录。这将确保 Android 构建系统能检测到 `src/android/` 中的 `Android.bp` 文件。" -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:101 msgid "" -"Ensure that `adb sync` works with your emulator or real device and pre-build " -"all Android examples using `src/android/build_all.sh`. Read the script to " -"see the commands it runs and make sure they work when you run them by hand." +"Ensure that `adb sync` works with your emulator or real device and pre-build all Android " +"examples using `src/android/build_all.sh`. Read the script to see the commands it runs " +"and make sure they work when you run them by hand." msgstr "" -"确保 `adb sync` 适用于你的模拟器或实际设备， 并使用 `src/android/build_all." -"sh` 预构建所有 Android 示例。请阅读脚本， 查看它所运行的命令，并确保这些命令" -"能在你手动运行时正确执行。" +"确保 `adb sync` 适用于你的模拟器或实际设备， 并使用 `src/android/build_all.sh` 预构建所" +"有 Android 示例。请阅读脚本， 查看它所运行的命令，并确保这些命令能在你手动运行时正确执" +"行。" -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:108 msgid "Rust in Chromium" msgstr "Chromium 中的 Rust" -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:110 msgid "" -"The [Rust in Chromium](../chromium.md) deep dive is a half-day course on " -"using Rust as part of the Chromium browser. It includes using Rust in " -"Chromium's `gn` build system, bringing in third-party libraries (\"crates\") " -"and C++ interoperability." +"The Rust in Chromium deep dive is a half-day course on using Rust as part of the " +"Chromium browser. It includes using Rust in Chromium's `gn` build system, bringing in " +"third-party libraries (\"crates\") and C++ interoperability." msgstr "" -"深入探究 [Chromium 中的 Rust](../chromium.md) 课程为期半天，旨在介绍 " -"Chromium 浏览器中 Rust 的使用。课程内容包括在 Chromium 的 `gn` 编译系统中使" -"用 Rust，引入第三方 crate，以及与 C++ 的互操作性。" +"深入探究 Chromium 中的 Rust 课程为期半天，旨在介绍 Chromium 浏览器中 Rust 的使用。课程内" +"容包括在 Chromium 的 `gn` 编译系统中使用 Rust，引入第三方 crate，以及与 C++ 的互操作性。" -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:115 msgid "" -"You will need to be able to build Chromium --- a debug, component build is " -"[recommended](../chromium/setup.md) for speed but any build will work. " -"Ensure that you can run the Chromium browser that you've built." +"You will need to be able to build Chromium --- a debug, component build is recommended " +"for speed but any build will work. Ensure that you can run the Chromium browser that " +"you've built." msgstr "" -"您需要能够构建 Chromium。为了提高速度，建议使用调试、组件 [构建方式](../" -"chromium/setup.md)，其他构建方式也可以使用。确保所构建的 Chromium 浏览器可以" -"正常运行。" +"您需要能够构建 Chromium。为了提高速度，建议使用调试、组件构建，其他构建方式也可以使用。确" +"保所构建的 Chromium 浏览器可以正常运行。" -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:119 msgid "Bare-Metal Rust" msgstr "裸机 Rust" -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:121 msgid "" -"The [Bare-Metal Rust](../bare-metal.md) deep dive is a full day class on " -"using Rust for bare-metal (embedded) development. Both microcontrollers and " -"application processors are covered." +"The Bare-Metal Rust deep dive is a full day class on using Rust for bare-metal " +"(embedded) development. Both microcontrollers and application processors are covered." msgstr "" -"深入探究 [裸机 Rust](../bare-metal.md) 课程为期一天，旨在介绍如何使用 Rust 进" -"行裸机（嵌入式）开发。其中涵盖了微控制器和应用处理器。" +"深入探究裸机 Rust 课程为期一天，旨在介绍如何使用 Rust 进行裸机（嵌入式）开发。其中涵盖了" +"微控制器和应用处理器。" -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:125 msgid "" -"For the microcontroller part, you will need to buy the [BBC micro:bit]" -"(https://microbit.org/) v2 development board ahead of time. Everybody will " -"need to install a number of packages as described on the [welcome page](../" -"bare-metal.md)." +"For the microcontroller part, you will need to buy the BBC micro:bit v2 development " +"board ahead of time. Everybody will need to install a number of packages as described on " +"the welcome page." msgstr "" -"对于微控制器部分，需要提前购买 [BBC micro:bit](https://microbit.org/) v2 开发" -"板。每个人都需要安装多个软件包， 具体如 [欢迎页面](../bare-metal.md) 中所述。" +"对于微控制器部分，需要提前购买 BBC micro:bit v2 开发板。每个人都需要安装多个软件包， 具体" +"如欢迎页面中所述。" -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:130 msgid "Concurrency in Rust" msgstr "Rust 中的并发" -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "" -"The [Concurrency in Rust](../concurrency.md) deep dive is a full day class " -"on classical as well as `async`/`await` concurrency." -msgstr "" -"深入探究 [Rust 中的并发](../concurrency.md) 课程为期一天，旨在介绍传统并发和 " -"`async`/`await` 并发。" - -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md -msgid "" -"You will need a fresh crate set up and the dependencies downloaded and ready " -"to go. You can then copy/paste the examples into `src/main.rs` to experiment " -"with them:" -msgstr "" -"你需要设置一个新 crate，下载所需的依赖项， 做好课前准备。然后，你可以将示例复" -"制/粘贴到 `src/main.rs` 中， 以便对以下代码进行实验：" - -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:132 +msgid "" +"The Concurrency in Rust deep dive is a full day class on classical as well as `async`/" +"`await` concurrency." +msgstr "深入探究 Rust 中的并发课程为期一天，旨在介绍传统并发和 `async`/`await` 并发。" + +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:135 +msgid "" +"You will need a fresh crate set up and the dependencies downloaded and ready to go. You " +"can then copy/paste the examples into `src/main.rs` to experiment with them:" +msgstr "" +"你需要设置一个新 crate，下载所需的依赖项， 做好课前准备。然后，你可以将示例复制/粘贴到 " +"`src/main.rs` 中， 以便对以下代码进行实验：" + +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:147 +msgid "Morning (3 hours and 20 minutes, including breaks)" +msgstr "上午（3 小时 20 分钟，含休息时间）" + +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:151 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:154 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:162 src/pattern-matching.md src/std-traits.md +#: src/smart-pointers.md src/lifetimes.md src/iterators.md src/testing.md +#: src/error-handling.md src/unsafe-rust.md src/concurrency/welcome.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises.md src/concurrency/welcome-async.md +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises.md +msgid "30 minutes" +msgstr "30 分钟" + +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:152 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:163 src/methods-and-traits.md +#: src/std-types.md src/std-traits.md src/memory-management.md src/borrowing.md +#: src/concurrency/welcome.md src/concurrency/sync-exercises.md +#: src/concurrency/welcome-async.md src/concurrency/async-pitfalls.md +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises.md +msgid "20 minutes" +msgstr "20 分钟" + +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:153 src/concurrency/welcome.md +msgid "Send and Sync" +msgstr "Send 和 Sync" + +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:155 +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:165 src/concurrency/welcome.md +#: src/concurrency/welcome-async.md +msgid "1 hour and 10 minutes" +msgstr "1 小时 10 分钟" + +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:158 +msgid "Afternoon (3 hours and 20 minutes, including breaks)" +msgstr "下午（3 小时 20 分钟，含休息时间）" + +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:170 msgid "Format" msgstr "课程形式" -#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md +#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:172 msgid "" -"The course is meant to be very interactive and we recommend letting the " -"questions drive the exploration of Rust!" +"The course is meant to be very interactive and we recommend letting the questions drive " +"the exploration of Rust!" msgstr "本课程的互动性非常强， 建议你以问题驱动探索 Rust！" -#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md +#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md:3 msgid "There are several useful keyboard shortcuts in mdBook:" msgstr "mdBook 中有一些实用键盘快捷键：" -#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md -msgid "Arrow-Left" -msgstr "向左箭头" - -#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md -msgid ": Navigate to the previous page." -msgstr "：转到上一页。" - -#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md -msgid "Arrow-Right" -msgstr "向右箭头" - -#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md -msgid ": Navigate to the next page." -msgstr "：转到下一页。" +#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md:5 +msgid "Arrow-Left: Navigate to the previous page." +msgstr "Arrow-Left：赚到上一页。" -#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md src/cargo/code-samples.md -msgid "Ctrl + Enter" -msgstr "Ctrl + Enter" +#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md:6 +msgid "Arrow-Right: Navigate to the next page." +msgstr "Arrow-Right：转到下一页。" -#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md -msgid ": Execute the code sample that has focus." -msgstr "：执行具有焦点的代码示例。" +#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md:7 +msgid "Ctrl + Enter: Execute the code sample that has focus." +msgstr "Ctrl + Enter：执行具有焦点的代码示例。" -#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md -msgid "s" -msgstr "s" +#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md:8 +msgid "s: Activate the search bar." +msgstr "s：激活搜索栏。" -#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md -msgid ": Activate the search bar." -msgstr "：激活搜索栏。" - -#: src/running-the-course/translations.md +#: src/running-the-course/translations.md:3 msgid "" -"The course has been translated into other languages by a set of wonderful " -"volunteers:" +"The course has been translated into other languages by a set of wonderful volunteers:" msgstr "一批优秀的志愿者已将本课程翻译成其他语言：" -#: src/running-the-course/translations.md -msgid "" -"[Brazilian Portuguese](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/pt-BR/) " -"by [@rastringer](https://github.com/rastringer), [@hugojacob](https://github." -"com/hugojacob), [@joaovicmendes](https://github.com/joaovicmendes), and " -"[@henrif75](https://github.com/henrif75)." -msgstr "" -"[巴西葡萄牙语版本](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/pt-BR/) 译者：" -"[@rastringer](https://github.com/rastringer)、[@hugojacob](https://github." -"com/hugojacob)、[@joaovicmendes](https://github.com/joaovicmendes) 和 " -"[@henrif75](https://github.com/henrif75)。" +#: src/running-the-course/translations.md:6 +msgid "Brazilian Portuguese by @rastringer, @hugojacob, @joaovicmendes, and @henrif75." +msgstr "巴西葡萄牙语由@rastringer、@hugojacob、@joaovicmendes 和 @henrif75 翻译。" -#: src/running-the-course/translations.md +#: src/running-the-course/translations.md:8 msgid "" -"[Chinese (Simplified)](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/zh-CN/) " -"by [@suetfei](https://github.com/suetfei), [@wnghl](https://github.com/" -"wnghl), [@anlunx](https://github.com/anlunx), [@kongy](https://github.com/" -"kongy), [@noahdragon](https://github.com/noahdragon), [@superwhd](https://" -"github.com/superwhd), [@SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK), and [@nodmp]" -"(https://github.com/nodmp)." +"Chinese (Simplified) by @suetfei, @wnghl, @anlunx, @kongy, @noahdragon, @superwhd, " +"@SketchK, and @nodmp." msgstr "" -"[简体中文版本](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/zh-CN/) 译者：" -"[@suetfei](https://github.com/suetfei)、[@wnghl](https://github.com/wnghl)、" -"[@anlunx](https://github.com/anlunx)、[@kongy](https://github.com/kongy)、" -"[@noahdragon](https://github.com/noahdragon)、[@superwhd](https://github.com/" -"superwhd)、[@SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK) 和 [@nodmp](https://github." -"com/nodmp)。" +"简体中文由 @suetfei、@wnghl、@anlunx、@kongy、@noahdragon、@superwhd、@SketchK 和 @nodmp " +"翻译。" -#: src/running-the-course/translations.md +#: src/running-the-course/translations.md:10 msgid "" -"[Chinese (Traditional)](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/zh-TW/) " -"by [@hueich](https://github.com/hueich), [@victorhsieh](https://github.com/" -"victorhsieh), [@mingyc](https://github.com/mingyc), [@kuanhungchen](https://" -"github.com/kuanhungchen), and [@johnathan79717](https://github.com/" -"johnathan79717)." -msgstr "" -"[繁体中文版本](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/zh-TW/) 译者：" -"[@hueich](https://github.com/hueich)、[@victorhsieh](https://github.com/" -"victorhsieh)、[@mingyc](https://github.com/mingyc)、[@kuanhungchen](https://" -"github.com/kuanhungchen) 和 [@johnathan79717](https://github.com/" -"johnathan79717)。" +"Chinese (Traditional) by @hueich, @victorhsieh, @mingyc, @kuanhungchen, and " +"@johnathan79717." +msgstr "繁体中文由 @hueich、@victorhsieh、@mingyc、@kuanhungchen 和 @johnathan79717 翻译。" -#: src/running-the-course/translations.md -msgid "" -"[Korean](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/ko/) by [@keispace]" -"(https://github.com/keispace), [@jiyongp](https://github.com/jiyongp), and " -"[@jooyunghan](https://github.com/jooyunghan)." -msgstr "" -"[韩语版本](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/ko/) 译者：[@keispace]" -"(https://github.com/keispace)、[@jiyongp](https://github.com/jiyongp) 和 " -"[@jooyunghan](https://github.com/jooyunghan)。" +#: src/running-the-course/translations.md:12 +msgid "Korean by @keispace, @jiyongp, @jooyunghan, and @namhyung." +msgstr "韩语由 @keispace、@jiyongp、@jooyunghan 和 @namhyung 翻译。" -#: src/running-the-course/translations.md -msgid "" -"[Spanish](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/es/) by [@deavid]" -"(https://github.com/deavid)." -msgstr "" -"[西班牙语版本](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/es/) 译者：" -"[@deavid](https://github.com/deavid)。" +#: src/running-the-course/translations.md:13 +msgid "Spanish by @deavid." +msgstr "西班牙语由 @deavid 翻译。" -#: src/running-the-course/translations.md -msgid "" -"Use the language picker in the top-right corner to switch between languages." +#: src/running-the-course/translations.md:15 +msgid "Use the language picker in the top-right corner to switch between languages." msgstr "使用右上角的语言选择器切换语言。" -#: src/running-the-course/translations.md +#: src/running-the-course/translations.md:17 msgid "Incomplete Translations" msgstr "未完成的翻译" -#: src/running-the-course/translations.md +#: src/running-the-course/translations.md:19 msgid "" -"There is a large number of in-progress translations. We link to the most " -"recently updated translations:" +"There is a large number of in-progress translations. We link to the most recently " +"updated translations:" msgstr "还有很多语言版本仍在翻译中。以下是最近更新的翻译版本的链接：" -#: src/running-the-course/translations.md -msgid "" -"[Bengali](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/bn/) by [@raselmandol]" -"(https://github.com/raselmandol)." -msgstr "" -"[孟加拉语版本](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/bn/) 译者：" -"[@raselmandol](https://github.com/raselmandol)。" +#: src/running-the-course/translations.md:22 +msgid "Bengali by @raselmandol." +msgstr "孟加拉语由 @raselmandol 翻译。" -#: src/running-the-course/translations.md -msgid "" -"[French](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/fr/) by [@KookaS]" -"(https://github.com/KookaS) and [@vcaen](https://github.com/vcaen)." -msgstr "" -"[法语版本](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/fr/) 译者：[@KookaS]" -"(https://github.com/KookaS) 和 [@vcaen](https://github.com/vcaen)。" +#: src/running-the-course/translations.md:23 +msgid "French by @KookaS, @vcaen and @AdrienBaudemont." +msgstr "法语由 @KookaS、@vcaen 和 @AdrienBaudemont 翻译。" -#: src/running-the-course/translations.md -msgid "" -"[German](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/de/) by [@Throvn]" -"(https://github.com/Throvn) and [@ronaldfw](https://github.com/ronaldfw)." -msgstr "" -"[德语版本](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/de/) 译者：[@Throvn]" -"(https://github.com/Throvn) 和 [@ronaldfw](https://github.com/ronaldfw)。" +#: src/running-the-course/translations.md:24 +msgid "German by @Throvn and @ronaldfw." +msgstr "德语由 @Throvn 和 @ronaldfw 翻译。" -#: src/running-the-course/translations.md -msgid "" -"[Japanese](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/ja/) by [@CoinEZ-JPN]" -"(https://github.com/CoinEZ) and [@momotaro1105](https://github.com/" -"momotaro1105)." -msgstr "" -"[日语版本](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/ja/) 译者：[@CoinEZ-" -"JPN](https://github.com/CoinEZ) 和 [@momotaro1105](https://github.com/" -"momotaro1105)。" +#: src/running-the-course/translations.md:25 +msgid "Japanese by @CoinEZ-JPN and @momotaro1105." +msgstr "日语由 @CoinEZ-JPN 和 @momotaro1105 翻译。" -#: src/running-the-course/translations.md -msgid "" -"[Italian](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/it/) by " -"[@henrythebuilder](https://github.com/henrythebuilder) and [@detro](https://" -"github.com/detro)." -msgstr "" -"[意大利语版本](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/it/) 译者：" -"[@henrythebuilder](https://github.com/henrythebuilder) 和 [@detro](https://" -"github.com/detro)。" +#: src/running-the-course/translations.md:26 +msgid "Italian by @henrythebuilder and @detro." +msgstr "意大利语由 @henrythebuilder 和 @detro 翻译。" -#: src/running-the-course/translations.md +#: src/running-the-course/translations.md:28 msgid "" -"If you want to help with this effort, please see [our instructions](https://" -"github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/blob/main/TRANSLATIONS.md) for how to " -"get going. Translations are coordinated on the [issue tracker](https://" -"github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/issues/282)." -msgstr "" -"如果你想协助翻译，请参阅 [翻译说明](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-" -"rust/blob/main/TRANSLATIONS.md)，了解如何开始翻译工作。翻译工作可通过 [此议" -"题](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/issues/282) 追踪。" +"If you want to help with this effort, please see our instructions for how to get going. " +"Translations are coordinated on the issue tracker." +msgstr "如果你想协助翻译，请参阅翻译说明，了解如何开始翻译工作。翻译工作可通过议题追踪。" #: src/cargo.md msgid "" -"When you start reading about Rust, you will soon meet [Cargo](https://doc." -"rust-lang.org/cargo/), the standard tool used in the Rust ecosystem to build " -"and run Rust applications. Here we want to give a brief overview of what " -"Cargo is and how it fits into the wider ecosystem and how it fits into this " -"training." +"When you start reading about Rust, you will soon meet Cargo, the standard tool used in " +"the Rust ecosystem to build and run Rust applications. Here we want to give a brief " +"overview of what Cargo is and how it fits into the wider ecosystem and how it fits into " +"this training." msgstr "" -"开始了解 Rust 后，你很快就会遇到 [Cargo](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/)，" -"这是 Rust 生态系统中用于构建和运行 Rust 应用的标准工具。在这里，我们想简要介" -"绍一下什么是 Cargo、它如何融入更广泛的生态系统， 以及我们如何在本培训中合理利" -"用 Cargo。" +"开始了解 Rust 后，你很快就会遇到 Cargo，这是 Rust 生态系统中用于构建和运行 Rust 应用的标" +"准工具。在这里，我们想简要介绍一下什么是 Cargo、它如何融入更广泛的生态系统， 以及我们如何" +"在本培训中合理利用 Cargo。" #: src/cargo.md msgid "Installation" msgstr "安装" #: src/cargo.md -msgid "**Please follow the instructions on .**" -msgstr "**请按照 上的说明操作。**" +msgid "**Please follow the instructions on https://rustup.rs/.**" +msgstr "**请按照 https://rustup.rs/ 上的说明操作。**" #: src/cargo.md msgid "" -"This will give you the Cargo build tool (`cargo`) and the Rust compiler " -"(`rustc`). You will also get `rustup`, a command line utility that you can " -"use to install to different compiler versions." +"This will give you the Cargo build tool (`cargo`) and the Rust compiler (`rustc`). You " +"will also get `rustup`, a command line utility that you can use to install to different " +"compiler versions." msgstr "" -"这将为你提供 Cargo 构建工具 (`cargo`)和 Rust 编译器 (`rustc`)。你还将获得 " -"`rustup`，这是一个命令行实用程序,你可以用它来安装不同的编译器版本。" +"这将为你提供 Cargo 构建工具 (`cargo`)和 Rust 编译器 (`rustc`)。你还将获得 `rustup`，这是" +"一个命令行实用程序,你可以用它来安装不同的编译器版本。" #: src/cargo.md msgid "" -"After installing Rust, you should configure your editor or IDE to work with " -"Rust. Most editors do this by talking to [rust-analyzer](https://rust-" -"analyzer.github.io/), which provides auto-completion and jump-to-definition " -"functionality for [VS Code](https://code.visualstudio.com/), [Emacs](https://" -"rust-analyzer.github.io/manual.html#emacs), [Vim/Neovim](https://rust-" -"analyzer.github.io/manual.html#vimneovim), and many others. There is also a " -"different IDE available called [RustRover](https://www.jetbrains.com/rust/)." -msgstr "" -"安装 Rust 之后，你应当配置你的编辑器或 IDE 以开始使用 Rust。大多数编辑器使用" -"了 [rust-analyzer](https://rust-analyzer.github.io/)。它为 [VS Code](https://" -"code.visualstudio.com/)、[Emacs](https://rust-analyzer.github.io/manual." -"html#emacs)、[Vim/Neovim](https://rust-analyzer.github.io/manual." -"html#vimneovim) 及其他许多编辑器提供了自动补全及定义跳转的功能。同样也可以使" -"用 [RustRover](https://www.jetbrains.com/rust/) IDE。" +"After installing Rust, you should configure your editor or IDE to work with Rust. Most " +"editors do this by talking to rust-analyzer, which provides auto-completion and jump-to-" +"definition functionality for VS Code, Emacs, Vim/Neovim, and many others. There is also " +"a different IDE available called RustRover." +msgstr "" +"安装 Rust 之后，你应当配置你的编辑器或 IDE 以开始使用 Rust。大多数编辑器使用了 rust-" +"analyzer。它为 VS Code、Emacs、Vim/Neovim 及其他许多编辑器提供了自动补全及定义跳转的功" +"能。同样也可以使用 RustRover IDE。" #: src/cargo.md msgid "" -"On Debian/Ubuntu, you can also install Cargo, the Rust source and the [Rust " -"formatter](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustfmt) via `apt`. However, this " -"gets you an outdated rust version and may lead to unexpected behavior. The " -"command would be:" +"On Debian/Ubuntu, you can also install Cargo, the Rust source and the Rust formatter via " +"`apt`. However, this gets you an outdated rust version and may lead to unexpected " +"behavior. The command would be:" msgstr "" -"在 Debian/Ubuntu 上，你也可以通过 `apt` 安装 Cargo、Rust 源代码和 [Rust 格式" -"化工具](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustfmt)。但是，这样会得到一个过时的 " -"Rust 版本，这可能会导致意外的行为。命令如下:" +"在 Debian/Ubuntu 上，你也可以通过 `apt` 安装 Cargo、Rust 源代码和 Rust 格式化工具。但是，" +"这样会得到一个过时的 Rust 版本，这可能会导致意外的行为。命令如下:" -#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md +#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:1 msgid "The Rust Ecosystem" msgstr "Rust 生态系统" -#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md -msgid "" -"The Rust ecosystem consists of a number of tools, of which the main ones are:" +#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:3 +msgid "The Rust ecosystem consists of a number of tools, of which the main ones are:" msgstr "Rust 生态系统由许多工具组成，主要包括：" -#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md +#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:5 msgid "" -"`rustc`: the Rust compiler which turns `.rs` files into binaries and other " -"intermediate formats." +"`rustc`: the Rust compiler which turns `.rs` files into binaries and other intermediate " +"formats." msgstr "`rustc`：Rust 编译器，可将 `.rs` 文件转换为二进制文件和其他中间格式。" -#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md +#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:8 msgid "" -"`cargo`: the Rust dependency manager and build tool. Cargo knows how to " -"download dependencies, usually hosted on , and it will " -"pass them to `rustc` when building your project. Cargo also comes with a " -"built-in test runner which is used to execute unit tests." +"`cargo`: the Rust dependency manager and build tool. Cargo knows how to download " +"dependencies, usually hosted on https://crates.io, and it will pass them to `rustc` when " +"building your project. Cargo also comes with a built-in test runner which is used to " +"execute unit tests." msgstr "" -"`cargo`：Rust 依赖项管理器和构建工具。Cargo 知道如何下载托管在 上的依赖项,并在构建项目时将它们传递给 `rustc`。Cargo 还附带一个内" -"置的测试运行程序，用于执行单元测试。" +"`cargo`：Rust 依赖项管理器和构建工具。Cargo 知道如何下载托管在 https://crates.io 上的依赖" +"项,并在构建项目时将它们传递给 `rustc`。Cargo 还附带一个内置的测试运行程序，用于执行单元测" +"试。" -#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md +#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:13 msgid "" -"`rustup`: the Rust toolchain installer and updater. This tool is used to " -"install and update `rustc` and `cargo` when new versions of Rust are " -"released. In addition, `rustup` can also download documentation for the " -"standard library. You can have multiple versions of Rust installed at once " -"and `rustup` will let you switch between them as needed." +"`rustup`: the Rust toolchain installer and updater. This tool is used to install and " +"update `rustc` and `cargo` when new versions of Rust are released. In addition, `rustup` " +"can also download documentation for the standard library. You can have multiple versions " +"of Rust installed at once and `rustup` will let you switch between them as needed." msgstr "" -"`rustup`：Rust 工具链安装和更新工具。当 Rust 发布新版本时，此工具用于安装并更" -"新 `rustc` 和 `cargo`。 此外，`rustup` 还可以下载标准库的文档。可以同时安装多" -"个版本的 Rust，`rustup` 会根据需要让你在这些版本之间切换。" +"`rustup`：Rust 工具链安装和更新工具。当 Rust 发布新版本时，此工具用于安装并更新 `rustc` " +"和 `cargo`。 此外，`rustup` 还可以下载标准库的文档。可以同时安装多个版本的 Rust，" +"`rustup` 会根据需要让你在这些版本之间切换。" -#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md src/hello-world/hello-world.md -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md src/references/exclusive.md -#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md src/memory-management/move.md -#: src/error-handling/try.md src/android/setup.md src/concurrency/threads.md -#: src/async/async-await.md +#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:21 src/types-and-values/hello-world.md:26 +#: src/references/exclusive.md:20 src/memory-management/move.md:153 +#: src/error-handling/try.md:53 src/android/setup.md +#: src/concurrency/async/async-await.md:26 msgid "Key points:" msgstr "关键点：" -#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md +#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:23 msgid "" -"Rust has a rapid release schedule with a new release coming out every six " -"weeks. New releases maintain backwards compatibility with old releases --- " -"plus they enable new functionality." +"Rust has a rapid release schedule with a new release coming out every six weeks. New " +"releases maintain backwards compatibility with old releases --- plus they enable new " +"functionality." msgstr "" -"Rust 有一个快速发布时间表，每六周就会发布一次新版本。新版本保持与旧版本的向后" -"兼容性，并添加新功能。" +"Rust 有一个快速发布时间表，每六周就会发布一次新版本。新版本保持与旧版本的向后兼容性，并添" +"加新功能。" -#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md -msgid "" -"There are three release channels: \"stable\", \"beta\", and \"nightly\"." -msgstr "" -"共有三个发布阶段：“稳定版（stable）”、“测试版（beta）”和“夜间版（nightly）”。" +#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:27 +msgid "There are three release channels: \"stable\", \"beta\", and \"nightly\"." +msgstr "共有三个发布阶段：“稳定版（stable）”、“测试版（beta）”和“夜间版（nightly）”。" -#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md +#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:29 msgid "" -"New features are being tested on \"nightly\", \"beta\" is what becomes " -"\"stable\" every six weeks." +"New features are being tested on \"nightly\", \"beta\" is what becomes \"stable\" every " +"six weeks." msgstr "新功能会先在“夜间版”上测试，“测试版”会每六周转为“稳定版”。" -#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md +#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:32 msgid "" -"Dependencies can also be resolved from alternative [registries](https://doc." -"rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/registries.html), git, folders, and more." -msgstr "" -"依赖关系也可以通过其他 [registry](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/" -"registries.html)、git 及文件夹等解析。" +"Dependencies can also be resolved from alternative registries, git, folders, and more." +msgstr "依赖关系也可以通过其他 registry、git 及文件夹等解析。" -#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md +#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:35 msgid "" -"Rust also has [editions](https://doc.rust-lang.org/edition-guide/): the " -"current edition is Rust 2021. Previous editions were Rust 2015 and Rust 2018." -msgstr "" -"Rust 区分 [版本（edition）](https://doc.rust-lang.org/edition-guide/)：当前版" -"本是 Rust 2021。之前的版本是 Rust 2015 和 Rust 2018。" +"Rust also has editions: the current edition is Rust 2021. Previous editions were Rust " +"2015 and Rust 2018." +msgstr "Rust 区分版本：当前版本是 Rust 2021。之前的版本是 Rust 2015 和 Rust 2018。" -#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md -msgid "" -"The editions are allowed to make backwards incompatible changes to the " -"language." +#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:38 +msgid "The editions are allowed to make backwards incompatible changes to the language." msgstr "这些版本支持对语言进行向后不兼容的更改。" -#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md +#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:41 msgid "" -"To prevent breaking code, editions are opt-in: you select the edition for " -"your crate via the `Cargo.toml` file." -msgstr "" -"为防止破坏代码，版本是可选的： 通过 `Cargo.toml` 文件为 crate 选择合适的版" -"本。" +"To prevent breaking code, editions are opt-in: you select the edition for your crate via " +"the `Cargo.toml` file." +msgstr "为防止破坏代码，版本是可选的： 通过 `Cargo.toml` 文件为 crate 选择合适的版本。" -#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md +#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:44 msgid "" -"To avoid splitting the ecosystem, Rust compilers can mix code written for " -"different editions." +"To avoid splitting the ecosystem, Rust compilers can mix code written for different " +"editions." msgstr "为免分割生态系统，Rust 编译器可以混合使用为不同版本编写的代码。" -#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md +#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:47 msgid "" -"Mention that it is quite rare to ever use the compiler directly not through " -"`cargo` (most users never do)." -msgstr "" -"请注意，不借助 `cargo` 直接使用编译器的情况相当少见（大多数用户从不这样做）。" +"Mention that it is quite rare to ever use the compiler directly not through `cargo` " +"(most users never do)." +msgstr "请注意，不借助 `cargo` 直接使用编译器的情况相当少见（大多数用户从不这样做）。" -#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md +#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:50 msgid "" -"It might be worth alluding that Cargo itself is an extremely powerful and " -"comprehensive tool. It is capable of many advanced features including but " -"not limited to:" +"It might be worth alluding that Cargo itself is an extremely powerful and comprehensive " +"tool. It is capable of many advanced features including but not limited to:" msgstr "" -"值得一提的是，Cargo 本身就是一个功能强大且全面的工具。它能够实现许多高级功" -"能，包括但不限于：" +"值得一提的是，Cargo 本身就是一个功能强大且全面的工具。它能够实现许多高级功能，包括但不限" +"于：" -#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md +#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:53 msgid "Project/package structure" msgstr "项目/软件包结构" -#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md -msgid "[workspaces](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/workspaces.html)" -msgstr "[工作区](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/workspaces.html)" +#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:54 +msgid "workspaces" +msgstr "workspaces" -#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md +#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:55 msgid "Dev Dependencies and Runtime Dependency management/caching" msgstr "开发依赖和运行时依赖管理/缓存" -#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md -msgid "" -"[build scripting](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/build-scripts." -"html)" -msgstr "" -"[构建脚本](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/build-scripts.html)" +#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:56 +msgid "build scripting" +msgstr "构建脚本" -#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md -msgid "" -"[global installation](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/commands/cargo-install." -"html)" -msgstr "" -"[全局安装](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/commands/cargo-install.html)" +#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:57 +msgid "global installation" +msgstr "全局安装" -#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md -msgid "" -"It is also extensible with sub command plugins as well (such as [cargo " -"clippy](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy))." -msgstr "" -"它还可以使用子命令插件（例如 [cargo clippy](https://github.com/rust-lang/" -"rust-clippy)）进行扩展。" +#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:58 +msgid "It is also extensible with sub command plugins as well (such as cargo clippy)." +msgstr "它还可以使用子命令插件（例如 cargo clippy）进行扩展。" -#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md -msgid "" -"Read more from the [official Cargo Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/)" -msgstr "详情请参阅 [官方 Cargo Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/)" +#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:60 +msgid "Read more from the official Cargo Book" +msgstr "详情请参阅官方 Cargo Book" -#: src/cargo/code-samples.md +#: src/cargo/code-samples.md:1 msgid "Code Samples in This Training" msgstr "本培训中的代码示例" -#: src/cargo/code-samples.md +#: src/cargo/code-samples.md:3 msgid "" -"For this training, we will mostly explore the Rust language through examples " -"which can be executed through your browser. This makes the setup much easier " -"and ensures a consistent experience for everyone." +"For this training, we will mostly explore the Rust language through examples which can " +"be executed through your browser. This makes the setup much easier and ensures a " +"consistent experience for everyone." msgstr "" -"在本培训中，我们将主要通过示例探索 Rust 语言，这些示例可以通过浏览器执行。这" -"能大大简化配置过程， 并确保所有人都能获得一致的体验。" +"在本培训中，我们将主要通过示例探索 Rust 语言，这些示例可以通过浏览器执行。这能大大简化配" +"置过程， 并确保所有人都能获得一致的体验。" -#: src/cargo/code-samples.md +#: src/cargo/code-samples.md:7 msgid "" -"Installing Cargo is still encouraged: it will make it easier for you to do " -"the exercises. On the last day, we will do a larger exercise which shows you " -"how to work with dependencies and for that you need Cargo." +"Installing Cargo is still encouraged: it will make it easier for you to do the " +"exercises. On the last day, we will do a larger exercise which shows you how to work " +"with dependencies and for that you need Cargo." msgstr "" -"我们仍然建议你安装 Cargo：它有助于你更轻松地完成练习。在最后一天，我们要做一" -"个综合的练习， 向你展示如何使用依赖项，因此你需要安装 Cargo。" +"我们仍然建议你安装 Cargo：它有助于你更轻松地完成练习。在最后一天，我们要做一个综合的练" +"习， 向你展示如何使用依赖项，因此你需要安装 Cargo。" -#: src/cargo/code-samples.md +#: src/cargo/code-samples.md:11 msgid "The code blocks in this course are fully interactive:" msgstr "本课程中的代码块是完全交互式的：" -#: src/cargo/code-samples.md src/cargo/running-locally.md +#: src/cargo/code-samples.md:15 src/cargo/running-locally.md:46 msgid "\"Edit me!\"" msgstr "\"Edit me!\"" -#: src/cargo/code-samples.md -msgid "You can use " -msgstr "你可以使用 " - -#: src/cargo/code-samples.md -msgid " to execute the code when focus is in the text box." -msgstr " 来执行焦点所在文本框的代码。" +#: src/cargo/code-samples.md:19 +msgid "" +"You can use Ctrl + Enter to execute the code when focus is in the text box." +msgstr "你可以使用 Ctrl + Enter 来执行焦点所在文本框的代码。" -#: src/cargo/code-samples.md +#: src/cargo/code-samples.md:24 msgid "" -"Most code samples are editable like shown above. A few code samples are not " -"editable for various reasons:" -msgstr "" -"如上所示，大多数代码示例都可修改。少数代码示例可能会因以下原因而不可修改：" +"Most code samples are editable like shown above. A few code samples are not editable for " +"various reasons:" +msgstr "如上所示，大多数代码示例都可修改。少数代码示例可能会因以下原因而不可修改：" -#: src/cargo/code-samples.md +#: src/cargo/code-samples.md:27 msgid "" -"The embedded playgrounds cannot execute unit tests. Copy-paste the code and " -"open it in the real Playground to demonstrate unit tests." +"The embedded playgrounds cannot execute unit tests. Copy-paste the code and open it in " +"the real Playground to demonstrate unit tests." msgstr "" -"嵌入的 Playground 无法执行单元测试。将代码复制并粘贴到实际 Playground 中，以" -"演示单元测试。" +"嵌入的 Playground 无法执行单元测试。将代码复制并粘贴到实际 Playground 中，以演示单元测" +"试。" -#: src/cargo/code-samples.md +#: src/cargo/code-samples.md:30 msgid "" -"The embedded playgrounds lose their state the moment you navigate away from " -"the page! This is the reason that the students should solve the exercises " -"using a local Rust installation or via the Playground." +"The embedded playgrounds lose their state the moment you navigate away from the page! " +"This is the reason that the students should solve the exercises using a local Rust " +"installation or via the Playground." msgstr "" -"嵌入的 Playground 会在离开页面后丢失编辑状态！因此，学员应使用本地安装的 " -"Rust 或通过 Playground 解题。" +"嵌入的 Playground 会在离开页面后丢失编辑状态！因此，学员应使用本地安装的 Rust 或通过 " +"Playground 解题。" -#: src/cargo/running-locally.md +#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:1 msgid "Running Code Locally with Cargo" msgstr "使用 Cargo 在本地运行代码" -#: src/cargo/running-locally.md +#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:3 msgid "" -"If you want to experiment with the code on your own system, then you will " -"need to first install Rust. Do this by following the [instructions in the " -"Rust Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch01-01-installation.html). This " -"should give you a working `rustc` and `cargo`. At the time of writing, the " -"latest stable Rust release has these version numbers:" +"If you want to experiment with the code on your own system, then you will need to first " +"install Rust. Do this by following the instructions in the Rust Book. This should give " +"you a working `rustc` and `cargo`. At the time of writing, the latest stable Rust " +"release has these version numbers:" msgstr "" -"如果你想在自己的系统上进行代码实验， 则需要先安装 Rust。为此，请按照 [Rust " -"Book 中的说明](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch01-01-installation.html) 操" -"作。这应会为你提供一个有效的 `rustc` 和 `cargo`。在撰写本文时，最新的 Rust 稳" -"定版是以下的版本号：" +"如果你想在自己的系统上进行代码实验， 则需要先安装 Rust。为此，请按照 Rust Book 中的说明操" +"作。这应会为你提供一个有效的 `rustc` 和 `cargo`。在撰写本文时，最新的 Rust 稳定版是以下的" +"版本号：" -#: src/cargo/running-locally.md -msgid "" -"You can use any later version too since Rust maintains backwards " -"compatibility." +#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:16 +msgid "You can use any later version too since Rust maintains backwards compatibility." msgstr "你也可以使用任何更高版本，因为 Rust 保持向后兼容性。" -#: src/cargo/running-locally.md +#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:18 msgid "" -"With this in place, follow these steps to build a Rust binary from one of " -"the examples in this training:" -msgstr "" -"了解这些信息后，请按照以下步骤从本培训中的一个示例中构建 Rust 二进制文件：" +"With this in place, follow these steps to build a Rust binary from one of the examples " +"in this training:" +msgstr "了解这些信息后，请按照以下步骤从本培训中的一个示例中构建 Rust 二进制文件：" -#: src/cargo/running-locally.md +#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:21 msgid "Click the \"Copy to clipboard\" button on the example you want to copy." msgstr "在你要复制的示例上点击“复制到剪贴板（Copy to clipboard）”按钮。" -#: src/cargo/running-locally.md -msgid "" -"Use `cargo new exercise` to create a new `exercise/` directory for your code:" +#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:23 +msgid "Use `cargo new exercise` to create a new `exercise/` directory for your code:" msgstr "使用 `cargo new exercise` 为代码新建一个 `exercise/` 目录：" -#: src/cargo/running-locally.md -msgid "" -"Navigate into `exercise/` and use `cargo run` to build and run your binary:" +#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:30 +msgid "Navigate into `exercise/` and use `cargo run` to build and run your binary:" msgstr "转到 `exercise/` 并使用 `cargo run` 构建并运行二进制文件：" -#: src/cargo/running-locally.md +#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:41 msgid "" -"Replace the boiler-plate code in `src/main.rs` with your own code. For " -"example, using the example on the previous page, make `src/main.rs` look like" +"Replace the boiler-plate code in `src/main.rs` with your own code. For example, using " +"the example on the previous page, make `src/main.rs` look like" msgstr "" -"将 `src/main.rs` 中的样板代码替换为自己的代码。例如， 使用上一页中的示例，将 " -"`src/main.rs` 改为：" +"将 `src/main.rs` 中的样板代码替换为自己的代码。例如， 使用上一页中的示例，将 `src/main." +"rs` 改为" -#: src/cargo/running-locally.md +#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:50 msgid "Use `cargo run` to build and run your updated binary:" msgstr "使用 `cargo run` 构建并运行更新后的二进制文件：" -#: src/cargo/running-locally.md +#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:60 msgid "" -"Use `cargo check` to quickly check your project for errors, use `cargo " -"build` to compile it without running it. You will find the output in `target/" -"debug/` for a normal debug build. Use `cargo build --release` to produce an " -"optimized release build in `target/release/`." +"Use `cargo check` to quickly check your project for errors, use `cargo build` to compile " +"it without running it. You will find the output in `target/debug/` for a normal debug " +"build. Use `cargo build --release` to produce an optimized release build in `target/" +"release/`." msgstr "" -"使用 `cargo check` 快速检查项目是否存在错误；使用 `cargo build` 只进行编译，" -"而不运行。你可以在 `target/debug/` 中找到常规调试 build 的输出。使用 `cargo " -"build --release` 在 `target/release/` 中生成经过优化的 发布 build。" +"使用 `cargo check` 快速检查项目是否存在错误；使用 `cargo build` 只进行编译，而不运行。你" +"可以在 `target/debug/` 中找到常规调试 build 的输出。使用 `cargo build --release` 在 " +"`target/release/` 中生成经过优化的 发布 build。" -#: src/cargo/running-locally.md +#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:65 msgid "" -"You can add dependencies for your project by editing `Cargo.toml`. When you " -"run `cargo` commands, it will automatically download and compile missing " -"dependencies for you." +"You can add dependencies for your project by editing `Cargo.toml`. When you run `cargo` " +"commands, it will automatically download and compile missing dependencies for you." msgstr "" -"可以通过修改 `Cargo.toml` 为项目添加依赖项。当运行 `cargo` 命令时，系统会自动" -"下载和编译缺失的依赖项。" +"可以通过修改 `Cargo.toml` 为项目添加依赖项。当运行 `cargo` 命令时，系统会自动下载和编译缺" +"失的依赖项。" -#: src/cargo/running-locally.md +#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:73 msgid "" -"Try to encourage the class participants to install Cargo and use a local " -"editor. It will make their life easier since they will have a normal " -"development environment." +"Try to encourage the class participants to install Cargo and use a local editor. It will " +"make their life easier since they will have a normal development environment." msgstr "" -"尽量鼓励全班学员安装 Cargo 并使用本地编辑器。这能使他们拥有常规的开发环境，让" -"工作变得更加轻松。" +"尽量鼓励全班学员安装 Cargo 并使用本地编辑器。这能使他们拥有常规的开发环境，让工作变得更加" +"轻松。" #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "Welcome to Day 1" msgstr "欢迎来到第一天" #: src/welcome-day-1.md -msgid "" -"This is the first day of Rust Fundamentals. We will cover a lot of ground " -"today:" +msgid "This is the first day of Rust Fundamentals. We will cover a lot of ground today:" msgstr "今天是学习 Comprehensive Rust 的第一天。我们会涉及很多内容：" #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "" -"Basic Rust syntax: variables, scalar and compound types, enums, structs, " -"references, functions, and methods." +"Basic Rust syntax: variables, scalar and compound types, enums, structs, references, " +"functions, and methods." msgstr "" -"Rust 基本语法：变量、标量（scalar）和复合（compound）类型、枚举（Enum）、结构" -"体（struct）、引用、函数和方法。" +"Rust 基本语法：变量、标量（scalar）和复合（compound）类型、枚举（Enum）、结构体" +"（struct）、引用、函数和方法。" #: src/welcome-day-1.md -#, fuzzy msgid "Types and type inference." -msgstr "类型推导" +msgstr "类型推导。" #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "Control flow constructs: loops, conditionals, and so on." @@ -2275,2781 +2298,2026 @@ msgstr "用户定义的类型：结构体和枚举。" msgid "Pattern matching: destructuring enums, structs, and arrays." msgstr "模式匹配：解构枚举、结构体和数组（array）。" -#: src/welcome-day-1.md src/welcome-day-2.md src/welcome-day-3.md -#: src/welcome-day-4.md +#: src/welcome-day-1.md src/welcome-day-2.md src/welcome-day-3.md src/welcome-day-4.md +#: src/concurrency/welcome.md src/concurrency/welcome-async.md msgid "Schedule" msgstr "时间表" -#: src/welcome-day-1.md src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md src/welcome-day-2.md -#: src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md src/welcome-day-3.md -#: src/welcome-day-3-afternoon.md src/welcome-day-4.md -#: src/welcome-day-4-afternoon.md -msgid "In this session:" -msgstr "" - -#: src/welcome-day-1.md -msgid "[Welcome](./welcome-day-1.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/welcome-day-1.md -msgid "[Hello, World](./hello-world.md) (20 minutes)" -msgstr "" - #: src/welcome-day-1.md -msgid "[Types and Values](./types-and-values.md) (55 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/welcome-day-1.md -msgid "[Control Flow Basics](./control-flow-basics.md) (55 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/welcome-day-1.md src/welcome-day-2.md msgid "" -"Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 2 hours and 40 " -"minutes" -msgstr "" +"Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 2 hours and 5 minutes. It " +"contains:" +msgstr "包括10分钟的休息，这个课程应该持续大约2小时5分钟。它包括：" #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "Please remind the students that:" msgstr "请提醒学生：" #: src/welcome-day-1.md -msgid "" -"They should ask questions when they get them, don't save them to the end." +msgid "They should ask questions when they get them, don't save them to the end." msgstr "他们可以随时提问，不需要留到最后。" #: src/welcome-day-1.md -msgid "" -"The class is meant to be interactive and discussions are very much " -"encouraged!" -msgstr "这个课程本应该是互动的，我们鼓励大家积极讨论。" +msgid "The class is meant to be interactive and discussions are very much encouraged!" +msgstr "这个课程本应该是互动的，我们鼓励大家积极讨论！" #: src/welcome-day-1.md -#, fuzzy msgid "" -"As an instructor, you should try to keep the discussions relevant, i.e., " -"keep the discussions related to how Rust does things vs some other language. " -"It can be hard to find the right balance, but err on the side of allowing " -"discussions since they engage people much more than one-way communication." +"As an instructor, you should try to keep the discussions relevant, i.e., keep the " +"discussions related to how Rust does things vs some other language. It can be hard to " +"find the right balance, but err on the side of allowing discussions since they engage " +"people much more than one-way communication." msgstr "" -"作为讲师，你应该尽量保证讨论话题的相关性，例如，讨论围绕Rust是如何做某些事" -"情，而不是其他的语言如何如何。 这个平衡点不容易找到，但是尽量倾向于允许讨论，" -"因为讨论比起单方面的灌输更有利于让大家投入。" +"作为讲师，你应该尽量保证讨论话题的相关性，例如，讨论围绕Rust是如何做某些事情，而不是其他" +"的语言如何如何。 这个平衡点不容易找到，但是尽量倾向于允许讨论，因为讨论比起单方面的灌输更" +"有利于让大家投入。" #: src/welcome-day-1.md -msgid "" -"The questions will likely mean that we talk about things ahead of the slides." +msgid "The questions will likely mean that we talk about things ahead of the slides." msgstr "有些问题会导致我们提前谈到后面的内容。" #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "" -"This is perfectly okay! Repetition is an important part of learning. " -"Remember that the slides are just a support and you are free to skip them as " -"you like." +"This is perfectly okay! Repetition is an important part of learning. Remember that the " +"slides are just a support and you are free to skip them as you like." msgstr "" -"这完全没有问题！重复是学习的一个重要方法。请记住，这些幻灯片只是一种辅助，你" -"可以选择性地跳过。" +"这完全没有问题！重复是学习的一个重要方法。请记住，这些幻灯片只是一种辅助，你可以选择性地" +"跳过。" #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "" -"The idea for the first day is to show the \"basic\" things in Rust that " -"should have immediate parallels in other languages. The more advanced parts " -"of Rust come on the subsequent days." +"The idea for the first day is to show the \"basic\" things in Rust that should have " +"immediate parallels in other languages. The more advanced parts of Rust come on the " +"subsequent days." msgstr "" -"第一天的目标是展示 Rust 中与其他编程语言有明显相似之处的 “基础”内容。Rust 中" -"更高级复杂的内容将在后续几天中逐步介绍。" +"第一天的目标是展示 Rust 中与其他编程语言有明显相似之处的 “基础”内容。Rust 中更高级复杂的" +"内容将在后续几天中逐步介绍。" #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "" -"If you're teaching this in a classroom, this is a good place to go over the " -"schedule. Note that there is an exercise at the end of each segment, " -"followed by a break. Plan to cover the exercise solution after the break. " -"The times listed here are a suggestion in order to keep the course on " -"schedule. Feel free to be flexible and adjust as necessary!" +"If you're teaching this in a classroom, this is a good place to go over the schedule. " +"Note that there is an exercise at the end of each segment, followed by a break. Plan to " +"cover the exercise solution after the break. The times listed here are a suggestion in " +"order to keep the course on schedule. Feel free to be flexible and adjust as necessary!" msgstr "" -"如果您是在教室里授课，则这是一个好时机，可对课程时间表进行讲解。请注意，每节" -"课结束之后会有练习内容，然后是休息时间。安排在休息结束后讲解练习内容的解答。" -"为了确保课程按时间表进行，此处所列时间仅供参考。请按需进行灵活调整！" +"如果您是在教室里授课，则这是一个好时机，可对课程时间表进行讲解。请注意，每节课结束之后会" +"有练习内容，然后是休息时间。安排在休息结束后讲解练习内容的解答。为了确保课程按时间表进" +"行，此处所列时间仅供参考。请按需进行灵活调整！" + +#: src/hello-world.md src/concurrency/send-sync.md +msgid "This segment should take about 15 minutes. It contains:" +msgstr "这个部分应该花费 15 分钟。它包括：" #: src/hello-world.md src/types-and-values.md src/control-flow-basics.md #: src/tuples-and-arrays.md src/references.md src/user-defined-types.md -#: src/pattern-matching.md src/methods-and-traits.md src/generics.md -#: src/std-types.md src/std-traits.md src/memory-management.md -#: src/smart-pointers.md src/borrowing.md src/slices-and-lifetimes.md -#: src/iterators.md src/modules.md src/testing.md src/error-handling.md -#: src/unsafe-rust.md -msgid "In this segment:" -msgstr "" - -#: src/hello-world.md -msgid "[What is Rust?](./hello-world/what-is-rust.md) (10 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/hello-world.md -msgid "[Hello, World](./hello-world/hello-world.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/hello-world.md -msgid "[Benefits of Rust](./hello-world/benefits.md) (3 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/hello-world.md -msgid "[Playground](./hello-world/playground.md) (2 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/hello-world.md -msgid "This segment should take about 20 minutes" -msgstr "" - -#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md -msgid "" -"Rust is a new programming language which had its [1.0 release in 2015]" -"(https://blog.rust-lang.org/2015/05/15/Rust-1.0.html):" -msgstr "" -"Rust 是一门新的编程语言，它的[1.0 版本于 2015 年发布](https://blog.rust-lang." -"org/2015/05/15/Rust-1.0.html)：" - -#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md +#: src/pattern-matching.md src/methods-and-traits.md src/generics.md src/std-types.md +#: src/std-traits.md src/memory-management.md src/smart-pointers.md src/borrowing.md +#: src/lifetimes.md src/iterators.md src/modules.md src/testing.md src/error-handling.md +#: src/unsafe-rust.md src/concurrency/threads.md src/concurrency/channels.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync.md src/concurrency/shared-state.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises.md src/concurrency/async.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow.md src/concurrency/async-pitfalls.md +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises.md +msgid "Slide" +msgstr "幻灯片" + +#: src/hello-world.md src/references.md src/user-defined-types.md src/pattern-matching.md +#: src/methods-and-traits.md src/generics.md src/std-types.md src/std-traits.md +#: src/memory-management.md src/smart-pointers.md src/borrowing.md src/lifetimes.md +#: src/modules.md src/unsafe-rust.md src/concurrency/channels.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync.md src/concurrency/shared-state.md src/concurrency/async.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow.md src/concurrency/async-pitfalls.md +msgid "10 minutes" +msgstr "10 分钟" + +#: src/hello-world.md src/control-flow-basics.md src/user-defined-types.md +#: src/memory-management.md src/concurrency/channels.md src/concurrency/send-sync.md +msgid "2 minutes" +msgstr "2 分钟" + +#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md:3 +msgid "Rust is a new programming language which had its 1.0 release in 2015:" +msgstr "Rust 是一门新的编程语言，它的 1.0 版本于 2015 年发布：" + +#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md:5 msgid "Rust is a statically compiled language in a similar role as C++" msgstr "Rust 是一门静态编译语言，其功能定位与 C++ 相似" -#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md +#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md:6 msgid "`rustc` uses LLVM as its backend." msgstr "`rustc` 使用 LLVM 作为它的后端。" -#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md -msgid "" -"Rust supports many [platforms and architectures](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" -"nightly/rustc/platform-support.html):" -msgstr "" -"Rust 支持多种[平台和架构](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/rustc/platform-" -"support.html):" +#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md:7 +msgid "Rust supports many platforms and architectures:" +msgstr "Rust 支持许多平台和架构：" -#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md +#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md:9 msgid "x86, ARM, WebAssembly, ..." msgstr "x86、ARM、WebAssembly......" -#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md +#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md:10 msgid "Linux, Mac, Windows, ..." msgstr "Linux、Mac、Windows......" -#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md +#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md:11 msgid "Rust is used for a wide range of devices:" msgstr "Rust 被广泛用于各种设备中：" -#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md +#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md:12 msgid "firmware and boot loaders," msgstr "固件和引导程序，" -#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md +#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md:13 msgid "smart displays," msgstr "智能显示器，" -#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md +#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md:14 msgid "mobile phones," msgstr "手机，" -#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md +#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md:15 msgid "desktops," msgstr "桌面，" -#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md +#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md:16 msgid "servers." msgstr "服务器。" -#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md +#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md:21 msgid "Rust fits in the same area as C++:" msgstr "Rust 和 C++ 适用于类似的场景：" -#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md +#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md:23 msgid "High flexibility." msgstr "极高的灵活性。" -#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md +#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md:24 msgid "High level of control." msgstr "高度的控制能力。" -#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md -msgid "" -"Can be scaled down to very constrained devices such as microcontrollers." +#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md:25 +msgid "Can be scaled down to very constrained devices such as microcontrollers." msgstr "能够在资源匮乏的设备（如手机）上运行。" -#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md +#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md:26 msgid "Has no runtime or garbage collection." msgstr "没有运行时和垃圾收集。" -#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md +#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md:27 msgid "Focuses on reliability and safety without sacrificing performance." msgstr "关注程序可靠性和安全性，而不会牺牲任何性能。" -#: src/hello-world/hello-world.md +#: src/hello-world/benefits.md:3 +msgid "Some unique selling points of Rust:" +msgstr "Rust 有一些独特的卖点：" + +#: src/hello-world/benefits.md:5 msgid "" -"Let us jump into the simplest possible Rust program, a classic Hello World " -"program:" -msgstr "让我们进入最简单的 Rust 程序，一个经典的 Hello World 程序：" +"_Compile time memory safety_ - whole classes of memory bugs are prevented at compile time" +msgstr "_编译时内存安全_：在编译时可防止所有类内存 bug" -#: src/hello-world/hello-world.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "\"Hello 🌍!\"" -msgstr "\"Hello 🌍!\"" - -#: src/hello-world/hello-world.md -msgid "What you see:" -msgstr "你看到的：" - -#: src/hello-world/hello-world.md -msgid "Functions are introduced with `fn`." -msgstr "函数以 `fn` 开头。" - -#: src/hello-world/hello-world.md -msgid "Blocks are delimited by curly braces like in C and C++." -msgstr "像 C 和 C++ 一样，块由花括号分隔。" - -#: src/hello-world/hello-world.md -msgid "The `main` function is the entry point of the program." -msgstr "`main` 函数是程序的入口点。" - -#: src/hello-world/hello-world.md -msgid "Rust has hygienic macros, `println!` is an example of this." -msgstr "Rust 有卫生宏 (hygienic macros)，`println!` 就是一个例子。" - -#: src/hello-world/hello-world.md -msgid "Rust strings are UTF-8 encoded and can contain any Unicode character." -msgstr "Rust 字符串是 UTF-8 编码的，可以包含任何 Unicode 字符。" - -#: src/hello-world/hello-world.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"This slide tries to make the students comfortable with Rust code. They will " -"see a ton of it over the next four days so we start small with something " -"familiar." -msgstr "" -"这张幻灯片试图让学生们熟悉 Rust 代码。在接下来的四天里，他们会看到很多 Rust " -"代码, 所以我们从一些熟悉的东西开始。" - -#: src/hello-world/hello-world.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"Rust is very much like other languages in the C/C++/Java tradition. It is " -"imperative and it doesn't try to reinvent things unless absolutely necessary." -msgstr "" -"Rust 非常像 C/C++/Java 等其他传统语言。它是指令式语言（而非函数式），而且除非" -"绝对必要，它不会尝试重新发明新的概念。" - -#: src/hello-world/hello-world.md -msgid "Rust is modern with full support for things like Unicode." -msgstr "Rust 是一门现代编程语言，它完全支持 Unicode 等特性。" - -#: src/hello-world/hello-world.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"Rust uses macros for situations where you want to have a variable number of " -"arguments (no function [overloading](../control-flow-basics/functions.md))." -msgstr "" -"在需要处理可变数量的参数的情况下，Rust 使用宏（没有函数[重载](basic-syntax/" -"functions-interlude.md)）。" - -#: src/hello-world/hello-world.md -msgid "" -"Macros being 'hygienic' means they don't accidentally capture identifiers " -"from the scope they are used in. Rust macros are actually only [partially " -"hygienic](https://veykril.github.io/tlborm/decl-macros/minutiae/hygiene." -"html)." -msgstr "" -"宏是“卫生的”，这意味着它们不会意外地捕获它们所在作用域中的标识符。实际上，" -"Rust 的宏只是[部分卫生](https://veykril.github.io/tlborm/decl-macros/" -"minutiae/hygiene.html)。" - -#: src/hello-world/hello-world.md -msgid "" -"Rust is multi-paradigm. For example, it has powerful [object-oriented " -"programming features](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch17-00-oop.html), and, " -"while it is not a functional language, it includes a range of [functional " -"concepts](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch13-00-functional-features.html)." -msgstr "" -"Rust 是多范式编程语言。例如，它具有强大的[面向对象的编程功能](https://doc." -"rust-lang.org/book/ch17-00-oop.html)，虽然它不是函数式语言，但包括一系列的[函" -"数概念](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch13-00-functional-features.html)。" - -#: src/hello-world/benefits.md -msgid "Some unique selling points of Rust:" -msgstr "Rust 有一些独特的卖点：" - -#: src/hello-world/benefits.md -msgid "" -"_Compile time memory safety_ - whole classes of memory bugs are prevented at " -"compile time" -msgstr "_编译时内存安全_：在编译时可防止所有类内存 bug" - -#: src/hello-world/benefits.md +#: src/hello-world/benefits.md:7 msgid "No uninitialized variables." msgstr "不存在未初始化的变量。" -#: src/hello-world/benefits.md +#: src/hello-world/benefits.md:8 msgid "No double-frees." msgstr "不存在“双重释放”。" -#: src/hello-world/benefits.md +#: src/hello-world/benefits.md:9 msgid "No use-after-free." msgstr "不存在“释放后使用”。" -#: src/hello-world/benefits.md +#: src/hello-world/benefits.md:10 msgid "No `NULL` pointers." msgstr "不存在 `NULL` 指针。" -#: src/hello-world/benefits.md +#: src/hello-world/benefits.md:11 msgid "No forgotten locked mutexes." msgstr "不存在被遗忘的互斥锁。" -#: src/hello-world/benefits.md +#: src/hello-world/benefits.md:12 msgid "No data races between threads." msgstr "不存在线程之间的数据竞争。" -#: src/hello-world/benefits.md +#: src/hello-world/benefits.md:13 msgid "No iterator invalidation." msgstr "不存在迭代器失效。" -#: src/hello-world/benefits.md +#: src/hello-world/benefits.md:15 msgid "" -"_No undefined runtime behavior_ - what a Rust statement does is never left " -"unspecified" +"_No undefined runtime behavior_ - what a Rust statement does is never left unspecified" msgstr "_没有未定义的运行时行为_：每个 Rust 语句的行为都有明确定义" -#: src/hello-world/benefits.md +#: src/hello-world/benefits.md:17 msgid "Array access is bounds checked." msgstr "数组访问有边界检查。" -#: src/hello-world/benefits.md +#: src/hello-world/benefits.md:18 msgid "Integer overflow is defined (panic or wrap-around)." msgstr "整数溢出有明确定义（panic 或回绕）。" -#: src/hello-world/benefits.md -msgid "" -"_Modern language features_ - as expressive and ergonomic as higher-level " -"languages" +#: src/hello-world/benefits.md:20 +msgid "_Modern language features_ - as expressive and ergonomic as higher-level languages" msgstr "_现代语言功能_：具有与高级语言一样丰富且人性化的表达能力" -#: src/hello-world/benefits.md +#: src/hello-world/benefits.md:22 msgid "Enums and pattern matching." msgstr "枚举和模式匹配。" -#: src/hello-world/benefits.md +#: src/hello-world/benefits.md:23 msgid "Generics." msgstr "泛型。" -#: src/hello-world/benefits.md +#: src/hello-world/benefits.md:24 msgid "No overhead FFI." msgstr "无额外开销的外部函数接口（FFI）。" -#: src/hello-world/benefits.md +#: src/hello-world/benefits.md:25 msgid "Zero-cost abstractions." msgstr "零成本抽象。" -#: src/hello-world/benefits.md +#: src/hello-world/benefits.md:26 msgid "Great compiler errors." msgstr "强大的编译器错误提示。" -#: src/hello-world/benefits.md +#: src/hello-world/benefits.md:27 msgid "Built-in dependency manager." msgstr "内置依赖管理器。" -#: src/hello-world/benefits.md +#: src/hello-world/benefits.md:28 msgid "Built-in support for testing." msgstr "对测试的内置支持。" -#: src/hello-world/benefits.md +#: src/hello-world/benefits.md:29 msgid "Excellent Language Server Protocol support." msgstr "优秀的语言服务协议（Language Server Protocol）支持。" -#: src/hello-world/benefits.md +#: src/hello-world/benefits.md:34 msgid "" -"Do not spend much time here. All of these points will be covered in more " -"depth later." +"Do not spend much time here. All of these points will be covered in more depth later." msgstr "不用在这里占用过多时间。所有这些要点均会在后面进行详细讲解。" -#: src/hello-world/benefits.md +#: src/hello-world/benefits.md:37 msgid "" -"Make sure to ask the class which languages they have experience with. " -"Depending on the answer you can highlight different features of Rust:" +"Make sure to ask the class which languages they have experience with. Depending on the " +"answer you can highlight different features of Rust:" msgstr "应该问问学生们都使用过哪些语言。根据答案侧重讲解 Rust 的不同特性：" -#: src/hello-world/benefits.md +#: src/hello-world/benefits.md:40 msgid "" -"Experience with C or C++: Rust eliminates a whole class of _runtime errors_ " -"via the borrow checker. You get performance like in C and C++, but you don't " -"have the memory unsafety issues. In addition, you get a modern language with " -"constructs like pattern matching and built-in dependency management." +"Experience with C or C++: Rust eliminates a whole class of _runtime errors_ via the " +"borrow checker. You get performance like in C and C++, but you don't have the memory " +"unsafety issues. In addition, you get a modern language with constructs like pattern " +"matching and built-in dependency management." msgstr "" -"使用过 C 或 C++：Rust 利用借用检查消除了一类 _运行时错误_ 。你可以达到堪比 C " -"和 C++ 的性能，而没有内存不安全的问题。并且你还可以得到些现代的语言构造，比如" -"模式匹配和内置依赖管理。" +"使用过 C 或 C++：Rust 利用借用检查消除了一类 _运行时错误_ 。你可以达到堪比 C 和 C++ 的性" +"能，而没有内存不安全的问题。并且你还可以得到些现代的语言构造，比如模式匹配和内置依赖管" +"理。" -#: src/hello-world/benefits.md +#: src/hello-world/benefits.md:45 msgid "" -"Experience with Java, Go, Python, JavaScript...: You get the same memory " -"safety as in those languages, plus a similar high-level language feeling. In " -"addition you get fast and predictable performance like C and C++ (no garbage " -"collector) as well as access to low-level hardware (should you need it)" +"Experience with Java, Go, Python, JavaScript...: You get the same memory safety as in " +"those languages, plus a similar high-level language feeling. In addition you get fast " +"and predictable performance like C and C++ (no garbage collector) as well as access to " +"low-level hardware (should you need it)" msgstr "" -"使用过 Java、Go、Python、JavaScript......：你可以得到和这些语言相同的内存安全" -"特性，并拥有类似的使用高级语言的感受。同时你可以得到类似 C 和 C++ 的高速且可" -"预测的执行性能（无垃圾回收机制），以及在需要时对底层硬件的访问。" +"使用过 Java、Go、Python、JavaScript......：你可以得到和这些语言相同的内存安全特性，并拥有" +"类似的使用高级语言的感受。同时你可以得到类似 C 和 C++ 的高速且可预测的执行性能（无垃圾回" +"收机制），以及在需要时对底层硬件的访问。" -#: src/hello-world/playground.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/hello-world/playground.md:3 msgid "" -"The [Rust Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/) provides an easy way to " -"run short Rust programs, and is the basis for the examples and exercises in " -"this course. Try running the \"hello-world\" program it starts with. It " -"comes with a few handy features:" +"The Rust Playground provides an easy way to run short Rust programs, and is the basis " +"for the examples and exercises in this course. Try running the \"hello-world\" program " +"it starts with. It comes with a few handy features:" msgstr "" -"[Rust Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/) 提供了一种运行简短 Rust 程序的" -"简便方法，也是本课程所有示例和练习的依据所在。请尝试运行它初始提供的 \"hello-" -"world\" 程序。该程序提供了一些便捷功能：" +"Rust Playground 提供了一种运行简短 Rust 程序的简便方法，也是本课程所有示例和练习的依据所" +"在。请尝试运行它初始提供的 \"hello-world\" 程序。该程序提供了一些便捷功能：" -#: src/hello-world/playground.md +#: src/hello-world/playground.md:8 msgid "" -"Under \"Tools\", use the `rustfmt` option to format your code in the " -"\"standard\" way." +"Under \"Tools\", use the `rustfmt` option to format your code in the \"standard\" way." msgstr "在 \"Tools\" 下，使用 `rustfmt` 选项以 \"standard\" 方式设置代码格式。" -#: src/hello-world/playground.md +#: src/hello-world/playground.md:11 msgid "" -"Rust has two main \"profiles\" for generating code: Debug (extra runtime " -"checks, less optimization) and Release (fewer runtime checks, lots of " -"optimization). These are accessible under \"Debug\" at the top." +"Rust has two main \"profiles\" for generating code: Debug (extra runtime checks, less " +"optimization) and Release (fewer runtime checks, lots of optimization). These are " +"accessible under \"Debug\" at the top." msgstr "" -"Rust 具有两个用于生成代码的主要 “配置文件”：调试（进行额外运行时检查、较少优" -"化）和发布（较少运行时检查，进行大量优化）。可以在顶部的 \"Debug\" 下访问这些" -"内容。" +"Rust 具有两个用于生成代码的主要 “配置文件”：调试（进行额外运行时检查、较少优化）和发布" +"（较少运行时检查，进行大量优化）。可以在顶部的 \"Debug\" 下访问这些内容。" -#: src/hello-world/playground.md -msgid "" -"If you're interested, use \"ASM\" under \"...\" to see the generated " -"assembly code." +#: src/hello-world/playground.md:15 +msgid "If you're interested, use \"ASM\" under \"...\" to see the generated assembly code." msgstr "如果感兴趣，您可以使用 \"...\" 下的 \"ASM\" 查看生成的汇编代码。" -#: src/hello-world/playground.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/hello-world/playground.md:21 msgid "" -"As students head into the break, encourage them to open up the playground " -"and experiment a little. Encourage them to keep the tab open and try things " -"out during the rest of the course. This is particularly helpful for advanced " -"students who want to know more about Rust's optimizations or generated " -"assembly." +"As students head into the break, encourage them to open up the playground and experiment " +"a little. Encourage them to keep the tab open and try things out during the rest of the " +"course. This is particularly helpful for advanced students who want to know more about " +"Rust's optimizations or generated assembly." msgstr "" -"当学生开始休息时，鼓励他们打开 Playground 并进行一些实验。鼓励他们让该标签页" -"保持打开状态，并在课余时间里进行一些尝试。对于具有较高水平并且希望深入了解 " -"Rust 优化技巧或生成的汇编代码的学生，这尤其有益。" +"当学生开始休息时，鼓励他们打开 Playground 并进行一些实验。鼓励他们让该标签页保持打开状" +"态，并在课余时间里进行一些尝试。对于具有较高水平并且希望深入了解 Rust 优化技巧或生成的汇" +"编代码的学生，这尤其有益。" -#: src/types-and-values.md -msgid "[Variables](./types-and-values/variables.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" +#: src/types-and-values.md src/control-flow-basics.md src/modules.md +msgid "This segment should take about 40 minutes. It contains:" +msgstr "这个部分应该花费 40 分钟。它包括：" -#: src/types-and-values.md -msgid "[Values](./types-and-values/values.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" +#: src/types-and-values/hello-world.md:3 +msgid "Let us jump into the simplest possible Rust program, a classic Hello World program:" +msgstr "让我们进入最简单的 Rust 程序，一个经典的 Hello World 程序：" -#: src/types-and-values.md -msgid "[Arithmetic](./types-and-values/arithmetic.md) (3 minutes)" -msgstr "" +#: src/types-and-values/hello-world.md:8 +msgid "\"Hello 🌍!\"" +msgstr "\"Hello 🌍!\"" -#: src/types-and-values.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "[Strings](./types-and-values/strings.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" -"如需详细了解 Rust 中 的模式，请参阅 [模式匹配](../pattern-matching.md)。" +#: src/types-and-values/hello-world.md:12 +msgid "What you see:" +msgstr "你看到的：" -#: src/types-and-values.md -msgid "[Type Inference](./types-and-values/inference.md) (3 minutes)" +#: src/types-and-values/hello-world.md:14 +msgid "Functions are introduced with `fn`." +msgstr "函数以 `fn` 开头。" + +#: src/types-and-values/hello-world.md:15 +msgid "Blocks are delimited by curly braces like in C and C++." +msgstr "像 C 和 C++ 一样，块由花括号分隔。" + +#: src/types-and-values/hello-world.md:16 +msgid "The `main` function is the entry point of the program." +msgstr "`main` 函数是程序的入口点。" + +#: src/types-and-values/hello-world.md:17 +msgid "Rust has hygienic macros, `println!` is an example of this." +msgstr "Rust 有卫生宏 (hygienic macros)，`println!` 就是一个例子。" + +#: src/types-and-values/hello-world.md:18 +msgid "Rust strings are UTF-8 encoded and can contain any Unicode character." +msgstr "Rust 字符串是 UTF-8 编码的，可以包含任何 Unicode 字符。" + +#: src/types-and-values/hello-world.md:23 +msgid "" +"This slide tries to make the students comfortable with Rust code. They will see a ton of " +"it over the next four days so we start small with something familiar." msgstr "" +"这张幻灯片试图让学生们熟悉 Rust 代码。在接下来的四天里，他们会看到很多 Rust 代码, 所以我" +"们从一些熟悉的东西开始。" -#: src/types-and-values.md -msgid "[Exercise: Fibonacci](./types-and-values/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" +#: src/types-and-values/hello-world.md:28 +msgid "" +"Rust is very much like other languages in the C/C++/Java tradition. It is imperative and " +"it doesn't try to reinvent things unless absolutely necessary." msgstr "" +"Rust 非常像 C/C++/Java 等其他传统语言。它是指令式语言（而非函数式），而且除非绝对必要，它" +"不会尝试重新发明新的概念。" + +#: src/types-and-values/hello-world.md:31 +msgid "Rust is modern with full support for things like Unicode." +msgstr "Rust 是一门现代编程语言，它完全支持 Unicode 等特性。" -#: src/types-and-values.md src/control-flow-basics.md src/smart-pointers.md -msgid "This segment should take about 55 minutes" +#: src/types-and-values/hello-world.md:33 +msgid "" +"Rust uses macros for situations where you want to have a variable number of arguments " +"(no function overloading)." +msgstr "在需要处理可变数量的参数的情况下，Rust 使用宏（没有函数重载）。" + +#: src/types-and-values/hello-world.md:36 +msgid "" +"Macros being 'hygienic' means they don't accidentally capture identifiers from the scope " +"they are used in. Rust macros are actually only partially hygienic." msgstr "" +"宏是“卫生的”，这意味着它们不会意外地捕获它们所在作用域中的标识符。实际上，Rust 的宏只是部" +"分卫生。" -#: src/types-and-values/variables.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/types-and-values/hello-world.md:40 msgid "" -"Rust provides type safety via static typing. Variable bindings are made with " -"`let`:" -msgstr "Rust 通过静态类型实现了类型安全。变量绑定默认是不可变的：" +"Rust is multi-paradigm. For example, it has powerful object-oriented programming " +"features, and, while it is not a functional language, it includes a range of functional " +"concepts." +msgstr "" +"Rust 是多范式编程语言。例如，它具有强大的面向对象的编程功能，虽然它不是函数式语言，但包括" +"一系列的函数概念。" + +#: src/types-and-values/variables.md:3 +msgid "Rust provides type safety via static typing. Variable bindings are made with `let`:" +msgstr "Rust 通过静态类型实现了类型安全。变量绑定通过 `let` 实现：" -#: src/types-and-values/variables.md src/control-flow-basics/loops/for.md -#: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md -#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md +#: src/types-and-values/variables.md:9 src/control-flow-basics/loops/for.md:9 +#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md:17 msgid "\"x: {x}\"" msgstr "\"x: {x}\"" -#: src/types-and-values/variables.md -msgid "// x = 20;" -msgstr "" - -#: src/types-and-values/variables.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "// println!(\"x: {x}\");" -msgstr "// println!(\"s1: {s1}\");\n" +#: src/types-and-values/variables.md:10 +msgid "// x = 20; // println!(\"x: {x}\");" +msgstr "// x = 20;// println!(\"x: {x}\");" -#: src/types-and-values/variables.md +#: src/types-and-values/variables.md:18 msgid "" -"Uncomment the `x = 20` to demonstrate that variables are immutable by " -"default. Add the `mut` keyword to allow changes." -msgstr "" -"取消备注 `x = 20`，以证明变量默认是不可变的。添加 `mut` 关键字以允许进行更" -"改。" +"Uncomment the `x = 20` to demonstrate that variables are immutable by default. Add the " +"`mut` keyword to allow changes." +msgstr "取消备注 `x = 20`，以证明变量默认是不可变的。添加 `mut` 关键字以允许进行更改。" -#: src/types-and-values/variables.md +#: src/types-and-values/variables.md:21 msgid "" -"The `i32` here is the type of the variable. This must be known at compile " -"time, but type inference (covered later) allows the programmer to omit it in " -"many cases." +"The `i32` here is the type of the variable. This must be known at compile time, but type " +"inference (covered later) allows the programmer to omit it in many cases." msgstr "" -"这里的 `i32` 是变量的类型。编译时必须已知类型，但在很多情况下，由于具有类型推" -"理功能（稍后介绍），程序员可以忽略这一点。" +"这里的 `i32` 是变量的类型。编译时必须已知类型，但在很多情况下，由于具有类型推理功能（稍后" +"介绍），程序员可以忽略这一点。" -#: src/types-and-values/values.md -msgid "" -"Here are some basic built-in types, and the syntax for literal values of " -"each type." +#: src/types-and-values/values.md:3 +msgid "Here are some basic built-in types, and the syntax for literal values of each type." msgstr "以下是一些基本的内置类型以及每种类型的字面量值的语法。" -#: src/types-and-values/values.md src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md +#: src/types-and-values/values.md:6 src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:16 msgid "Types" msgstr "类型" -#: src/types-and-values/values.md src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md +#: src/types-and-values/values.md:6 msgid "Literals" msgstr "字面量" -#: src/types-and-values/values.md +#: src/types-and-values/values.md:8 msgid "Signed integers" msgstr "有符号整数" -#: src/types-and-values/values.md +#: src/types-and-values/values.md:8 msgid "`i8`, `i16`, `i32`, `i64`, `i128`, `isize`" msgstr "`i8`、`i16`、`i32`、`i64`、`i128`、`isize`" -#: src/types-and-values/values.md +#: src/types-and-values/values.md:8 msgid "`-10`, `0`, `1_000`, `123_i64`" msgstr "`-10`、`0`、`1_000`、`123_i64`" -#: src/types-and-values/values.md +#: src/types-and-values/values.md:9 msgid "Unsigned integers" msgstr "无符号整数" -#: src/types-and-values/values.md +#: src/types-and-values/values.md:9 msgid "`u8`, `u16`, `u32`, `u64`, `u128`, `usize`" msgstr "`u8`、`u16`、`u32`、`u64`、`u128`、`usize`" -#: src/types-and-values/values.md +#: src/types-and-values/values.md:9 msgid "`0`, `123`, `10_u16`" msgstr "`0`、`123`、`10_u16`" -#: src/types-and-values/values.md +#: src/types-and-values/values.md:10 msgid "Floating point numbers" msgstr "浮点数" -#: src/types-and-values/values.md +#: src/types-and-values/values.md:10 msgid "`f32`, `f64`" msgstr "`f32`、`f64`" -#: src/types-and-values/values.md +#: src/types-and-values/values.md:10 msgid "`3.14`, `-10.0e20`, `2_f32`" msgstr "`3.14`、`-10.0e20`、`2_f32`" -#: src/types-and-values/values.md +#: src/types-and-values/values.md:11 msgid "Unicode scalar values" msgstr "Unicode 标量类型" -#: src/types-and-values/values.md +#: src/types-and-values/values.md:11 src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md:9 msgid "`char`" msgstr "`char`" -#: src/types-and-values/values.md +#: src/types-and-values/values.md:11 msgid "`'a'`, `'α'`, `'∞'`" msgstr "`'a'`、`'α'`、`'∞'`" -#: src/types-and-values/values.md +#: src/types-and-values/values.md:12 msgid "Booleans" msgstr "布尔值" -#: src/types-and-values/values.md +#: src/types-and-values/values.md:12 src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md:7 msgid "`bool`" msgstr "`bool`" -#: src/types-and-values/values.md +#: src/types-and-values/values.md:12 msgid "`true`, `false`" msgstr "`true`、`false`" -#: src/types-and-values/values.md +#: src/types-and-values/values.md:14 msgid "The types have widths as follows:" msgstr "各类型占用的空间为：" -#: src/types-and-values/values.md +#: src/types-and-values/values.md:16 msgid "`iN`, `uN`, and `fN` are _N_ bits wide," msgstr "`iN`, `uN` 和 `fN` 占用 _N_ 位，" -#: src/types-and-values/values.md +#: src/types-and-values/values.md:17 msgid "`isize` and `usize` are the width of a pointer," msgstr "`isize` 和 `usize` 占用一个指针大小的空间，" -#: src/types-and-values/values.md +#: src/types-and-values/values.md:18 msgid "`char` is 32 bits wide," msgstr "`char` 占用 32 位空间，" -#: src/types-and-values/values.md +#: src/types-and-values/values.md:19 msgid "`bool` is 8 bits wide." msgstr "`bool` 占用 8 位空间。" -#: src/types-and-values/values.md +#: src/types-and-values/values.md:24 msgid "There are a few syntaxes which are not shown above:" msgstr "上表中还有一些未提及的语法：" -#: src/types-and-values/values.md +#: src/types-and-values/values.md:26 msgid "" -"All underscores in numbers can be left out, they are for legibility only. So " -"`1_000` can be written as `1000` (or `10_00`), and `123_i64` can be written " -"as `123i64`." +"All underscores in numbers can be left out, they are for legibility only. So `1_000` can " +"be written as `1000` (or `10_00`), and `123_i64` can be written as `123i64`." msgstr "" -"数字中的所有下划线均可忽略，它们只是为了方便辨识。因此，`1_000` 可以写为 " -"`1000`（或 `10_00`），而 `123_i64` 可以写为 `123i64`。" +"数字中的所有下划线均可忽略，它们只是为了方便辨识。因此，`1_000` 可以写为 `1000`（或 " +"`10_00`），而 `123_i64` 可以写为 `123i64`。" -#: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md +#: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md:9 msgid "\"result: {}\"" msgstr "\"result: {}\"" -#: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md +#: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md:16 msgid "" -"This is the first time we've seen a function other than `main`, but the " -"meaning should be clear: it takes three integers, and returns an integer. " -"Functions will be covered in more detail later." +"This is the first time we've seen a function other than `main`, but the meaning should " +"be clear: it takes three integers, and returns an integer. Functions will be covered in " +"more detail later." msgstr "" -"这是我们第一次看到除 `main` 之外的函数，不过其含义应该很明确：它接受三个整" -"数，然后返回一个整数。稍后会对这些函数进行详细介绍。" +"这是我们第一次看到除 `main` 之外的函数，不过其含义应该很明确：它接受三个整数，然后返回一" +"个整数。稍后会对这些函数进行详细介绍。" -#: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md +#: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md:20 msgid "Arithmetic is very similar to other languages, with similar precedence." msgstr "算术和优先级均与其他语言极为相似。" -#: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md -msgid "" -"What about integer overflow? In C and C++ overflow of _signed_ integers is " -"actually undefined, and might do different things on different platforms or " -"compilers. In Rust, it's defined." -msgstr "" -"整数溢出是什么样的？在 C 和 C++ 中，_有符号_ 整数溢出实际上是未定义的，可能会" -"在不同平台或编译器上执行不同的操作。在 Rust 中，整数溢出具有明确定义。" - -#: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"Change the `i32`'s to `i16` to see an integer overflow, which panics " -"(checked) in a debug build and wraps in a release build. There are other " -"options, such as overflowing, saturating, and carrying. These are accessed " -"with method syntax, e.g., `(a * b).saturating_add(b * c).saturating_add(c * " -"a)`." -msgstr "" -"将 `i32` 更改为 `i16` 即可看到整数溢出，在调试 build 中，这会触发 panic（已检" -"查），而在发布 build 中，则会发生封装。还有其他选项，例如溢出、饱和和进位等。" -"可以通过方法语法访问这些选项，例如`(a * b).saturating_add(b * c)." -"saturating_add(c * a)`。" - -#: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md -msgid "" -"In fact, the compiler will detect overflow of constant expressions, which is " -"why the example requires a separate function." -msgstr "" -"事实上，编译器会检测常量表达式的溢出情况，这便是为何该示例需要单独的函数。" - -#: src/types-and-values/strings.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"Rust has two types to represent strings, both of which will be covered in " -"more depth later. Both _always_ store UTF-8 encoded strings." -msgstr "" -"Rust 有两种用于表示字符串的类型，稍后会对它们进行更详细的介绍。两种类型都 _始" -"终_ 存储UTF-8 编码的字符串。" - -#: src/types-and-values/strings.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "`String` - a modifiable, owned string." -msgstr "`String` 是一个可变字符串缓冲区。" - -#: src/types-and-values/strings.md -msgid "`&str` - a read-only string. String literals have this type." -msgstr "`&str` 为只读字符串。字符串字面量属于此类型。" - -#: src/types-and-values/strings.md -msgid "\"Greetings\"" -msgstr "\"Greetings\"" - -#: src/types-and-values/strings.md -msgid "\"🪐\"" -msgstr "\"🪐\"" - -#: src/types-and-values/strings.md -msgid "\", \"" -msgstr "\", \"" - -#: src/types-and-values/strings.md -msgid "\"final sentence: {}\"" -msgstr "\"final sentence: {}\"" - -#: src/types-and-values/strings.md src/async/control-flow/join.md -msgid "\"{:?}\"" -msgstr "\"{:?}\"" - -#: src/types-and-values/strings.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "//println!(\"{:?}\", &sentence[12..13]);" -msgstr "//println!(\"{:?}\", &sentence[12..13]);\n" - -#: src/types-and-values/strings.md -msgid "" -"This slide introduces strings. Everything here will be covered in more depth " -"later, but this is enough for subsequent slides and exercises to use strings." -msgstr "" -"此幻灯片介绍了字符串。此处所有内容均会在稍后进行更详细的介绍，但对于后续幻灯" -"片和练习而言，当前介绍足以支撑使用字符串了。" - -#: src/types-and-values/strings.md -msgid "Invalid UTF-8 in a string is UB, and this not allowed in safe Rust." -msgstr "字符串中的无效 UTF-8 是未定义行为 (UB)，这在安全的 Rust 中是不允许的。" - -#: src/types-and-values/strings.md -msgid "" -"`String` is a user-defined type with a constructor (`::new()`) and methods " -"like `s.push_str(..)`." -msgstr "" -"`String` 是一种用户定义的类型，具有构造函数 (`::new()`) 和类似 `s." -"push_str(..)` 的方法。" - -#: src/types-and-values/strings.md +#: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md:22 msgid "" -"The `&` in `&str` indicates that this is a reference. We will cover " -"references later, so for now just think of `&str` as a unit meaning \"a read-" -"only string\"." +"What about integer overflow? In C and C++ overflow of _signed_ integers is actually " +"undefined, and might do different things on different platforms or compilers. In Rust, " +"it's defined." msgstr "" -"`&str` 中的 `&` 表示这是一个引用。我们稍后将介绍引用，现在只需将 `&str` 视为" -"一个单位，表示 “只读字符”。" +"整数溢出是什么样的？在 C 和 C++ 中，_有符号_ 整数溢出实际上是未定义的，可能会在不同平台或" +"编译器上执行不同的操作。在 Rust 中，整数溢出具有明确定义。" -#: src/types-and-values/strings.md +#: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md:26 msgid "" -"The commented-out line is indexing into the string by byte position. " -"`12..13` does not end on a character boundary, so the program panics. Adjust " -"it to a range that does, based on the error message." +"Change the `i32`'s to `i16` to see an integer overflow, which panics (checked) in a " +"debug build and wraps in a release build. There are other options, such as overflowing, " +"saturating, and carrying. These are accessed with method syntax, e.g., `(a * b)." +"saturating_add(b * c).saturating_add(c * a)`." msgstr "" -"注释掉的行会按字节位置编入字符串的索引。`12..13` 不是以字符边界结尾，因此会导" -"致程序 panic。根据错误消息，将其调整至以字符边界结尾的范围。" +"将 `i32` 更改为 `i16` 即可看到整数溢出，在调试 build 中，这会触发 panic（已检查），而在发" +"布 build 中，则会发生封装。还有其他选项，例如溢出、饱和和进位等。可以通过方法语法访问这些" +"选项，例如`(a * b).saturating_add(b * c).saturating_add(c * a)`。" -#: src/types-and-values/strings.md +#: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md:31 msgid "" -"Raw strings allow you to create a `&str` value with escapes disabled: " -"`r\"\\n\" == \"\\\\n\"`. You can embed double-quotes by using an equal " -"amount of `#` on either side of the quotes:" -msgstr "" -"原始字符串可在创建 `&str` 时禁用转义：`r\"\\n\" == \"\\\\n\"`。可以在外层引号" -"两侧添加相同数量的 `#`，以在字符串中嵌入双引号：" - -#: src/types-and-values/strings.md -msgid "" -"Using `{:?}` is a convenient way to print array/vector/struct of values for " -"debugging purposes, and it's commonly used in code." -msgstr "" +"In fact, the compiler will detect overflow of constant expressions, which is why the " +"example requires a separate function." +msgstr "事实上，编译器会检测常量表达式的溢出情况，这便是为何该示例需要单独的函数。" -#: src/types-and-values/inference.md +#: src/types-and-values/inference.md:3 msgid "Rust will look at how the variable is _used_ to determine the type:" msgstr "Rust 会根据变量的使用来确定其类型：" -#: src/types-and-values/inference.md +#: src/types-and-values/inference.md:29 msgid "" -"This slide demonstrates how the Rust compiler infers types based on " -"constraints given by variable declarations and usages." +"This slide demonstrates how the Rust compiler infers types based on constraints given by " +"variable declarations and usages." msgstr "这张幻灯片演示了 Rust 编译器是如何根据变量声明和用法来推导其类型的。" -#: src/types-and-values/inference.md +#: src/types-and-values/inference.md:32 msgid "" -"It is very important to emphasize that variables declared like this are not " -"of some sort of dynamic \"any type\" that can hold any data. The machine " -"code generated by such declaration is identical to the explicit declaration " -"of a type. The compiler does the job for us and helps us write more concise " -"code." +"It is very important to emphasize that variables declared like this are not of some sort " +"of dynamic \"any type\" that can hold any data. The machine code generated by such " +"declaration is identical to the explicit declaration of a type. The compiler does the " +"job for us and helps us write more concise code." msgstr "" -"需要重点强调的是这样声明的变量并非像那种动态类型语言中可以持有任何数据的“任何" -"类型”。这种声明所生成的机器码与明确类型声明完全相同。编译器进行类型推导能够让" -"我们编写更简略的代码。" +"需要重点强调的是这样声明的变量并非像那种动态类型语言中可以持有任何数据的“任何类型”。这种" +"声明所生成的机器码与明确类型声明完全相同。编译器进行类型推导能够让我们编写更简略的代码。" -#: src/types-and-values/inference.md +#: src/types-and-values/inference.md:37 msgid "" -"When nothing constrains the type of an integer literal, Rust defaults to " -"`i32`. This sometimes appears as `{integer}` in error messages. Similarly, " -"floating-point literals default to `f64`." +"When nothing constrains the type of an integer literal, Rust defaults to `i32`. This " +"sometimes appears as `{integer}` in error messages. Similarly, floating-point literals " +"default to `f64`." msgstr "" -"当整数字面量的类型不受限制时，Rust 默认为 `i32`。这在错误消息中有时显示为 " -"`{integer}`。同样，浮点字面量默认为 `f64`。" +"当整数字面量的类型不受限制时，Rust 默认为 `i32`。这在错误消息中有时显示为 `{integer}`。同" +"样，浮点字面量默认为 `f64`。" -#: src/types-and-values/inference.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/types-and-values/inference.md:46 msgid "// ERROR: no implementation for `{float} == {integer}`" -msgstr "// ERROR: no implementation for `{float} == {integer}`\n" +msgstr "// ERROR: no implementation for `{float} == {integer}`" -#: src/types-and-values/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/types-and-values/exercise.md:3 msgid "" -"The first and second Fibonacci numbers are both `1`. For n>2, the n'th " -"Fibonacci number is calculated recursively as the sum of the n-1'th and " -"n-2'th Fibonacci numbers." +"The Fibonacci sequence begins with `[0,1]`. For n>1, the n'th Fibonacci number is " +"calculated recursively as the sum of the n-1'th and n-2'th Fibonacci numbers." msgstr "" -"第一个和第二个斐波那契数都是 `1`。如果 n>2，则第 n 个斐波那契数以递归方式计算" -"为第 n-1 个和第 n-2 个斐波那契数之和。" +"斐波那契序列开头是 `[0,1]`。如果 n>1，则第 n 个斐波那契数以递归方式计算为第 n-1 个和第 " +"n-2 个斐波那契数之和。" -#: src/types-and-values/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/types-and-values/exercise.md:6 msgid "" -"Write a function `fib(n)` that calculates the n'th Fibonacci number. When " -"will this function panic?" +"Write a function `fib(n)` that calculates the n'th Fibonacci number. When will this " +"function panic?" msgstr "编写一个函数 `fib(n)`，用于计算第 n 个斐波那契数。何时该函数会 panic？" -#: src/types-and-values/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/types-and-values/exercise.md:12 msgid "// The base case." -msgstr "// The base case.\n" +msgstr "// 基本情况。" -#: src/types-and-values/exercise.md src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/types-and-values/exercise.md:13 src/types-and-values/exercise.md:16 +#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md:27 src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md:31 msgid "\"Implement this\"" -msgstr "实现" +msgstr "“实现这个”" -#: src/types-and-values/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/types-and-values/exercise.md:15 msgid "// The recursive case." -msgstr "// The recursive case.\n" - -#: src/types-and-values/exercise.md src/types-and-values/solution.md -msgid "\"fib(n) = {}\"" -msgstr "\"fib(n) = {}\"" - -#: src/control-flow-basics.md -msgid "[Conditionals](./control-flow-basics/conditionals.md) (4 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/control-flow-basics.md -msgid "[Loops](./control-flow-basics/loops.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/control-flow-basics.md -msgid "" -"[break and continue](./control-flow-basics/break-continue.md) (4 minutes)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "// 递归情况。" -#: src/control-flow-basics.md -msgid "" -"[Blocks and Scopes](./control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" +#: src/types-and-values/exercise.md:22 src/types-and-values/solution.md:14 +msgid "\"fib({n}) = {}\"" +msgstr "“fib({n}) = {}”" #: src/control-flow-basics.md -msgid "[Functions](./control-flow-basics/functions.md) (3 minutes)" -msgstr "" +msgid "if Expressions" +msgstr "if 表达式" -#: src/control-flow-basics.md -msgid "[Macros](./control-flow-basics/macros.md) (2 minutes)" -msgstr "" +#: src/control-flow-basics.md src/pattern-matching.md src/concurrency/async.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow.md +msgid "4 minutes" +msgstr "4 分钟" #: src/control-flow-basics.md -msgid "" -"[Exercise: Collatz Sequence](./control-flow-basics/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md -msgid "Much of the Rust syntax will be familiar to you from C, C++ or Java:" -msgstr "Rust 的许多语法与 C、C++ 和 Java 的语法相似：" - -#: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "Blocks are delimited by curly braces." -msgstr "代码块和作用域都是由花括号来界定的。" - -#: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md -msgid "" -"Line comments are started with `//`, block comments are delimited by `/* ... " -"*/`." -msgstr "行内注释以 `//` 起始，块注释使用 `/* ... */` 来界定。" - -#: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md -msgid "Keywords like `if` and `while` work the same." -msgstr "`if` 和 `while` 等关键词作用与以上语言一致。" - -#: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md -msgid "Variable assignment is done with `=`, comparison is done with `==`." -msgstr "变量赋值使用 `=`，值之间比较使用 `==`。" +msgid "break and continue" +msgstr "break 和 continue" -#: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/if.md:1 msgid "`if` expressions" msgstr "`if` 表达式" -#: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md -msgid "" -"You use [`if` expressions](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/" -"if-expr.html#if-expressions) exactly like `if` statements in other languages:" -msgstr "" -"[`if` 表达式](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/if-expr." -"html#if-expressions) 的用法与其他语言中的 `if` 语句完全一样。" +#: src/control-flow-basics/if.md:3 +msgid "You use `if` expressions exactly like `if` statements in other languages:" +msgstr "`if` 表达式的用法与其他语言中的 `if` 语句完全一样：" -#: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md -msgid "\"small\"" -msgstr "\"small\"" +#: src/control-flow-basics/if.md:11 +msgid "\"zero!\"" +msgstr "“zero!”" -#: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/if.md:13 msgid "\"biggish\"" msgstr "\"biggish\"" -#: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/if.md:15 msgid "\"huge\"" msgstr "\"huge\"" -#: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/if.md:20 msgid "" -"In addition, you can use `if` as an expression. The last expression of each " -"block becomes the value of the `if` expression:" +"In addition, you can use `if` as an expression. The last expression of each block " +"becomes the value of the `if` expression:" msgstr "" -"此外，你还可以将 `if` 用作一个表达式。每个块的最后一个表达式 将成为 `if` 表达" -"式的值：" +"此外，你还可以将 `if` 用作一个表达式。每个块的最后一个表达式 将成为 `if` 表达式的值：" -#: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/if.md:26 +msgid "\"small\"" +msgstr "\"small\"" + +#: src/control-flow-basics/if.md:26 msgid "\"large\"" msgstr "\"large\"" -#: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/if.md:27 msgid "\"number size: {}\"" msgstr "\"number size: {}\"" -#: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/control-flow-basics/if.md:34 msgid "" -"Because `if` is an expression and must have a particular type, both of its " -"branch blocks must have the same type. Show what happens if you add `;` " -"after `\"small\"` in the second example." +"Because `if` is an expression and must have a particular type, both of its branch blocks " +"must have the same type. Show what happens if you add `;` after `\"small\"` in the " +"second example." msgstr "" -"由于 `if` 是一个表达式且必须有一个特定的类型，因此它的两个分支块必须有相同的" -"类型。考虑在第二个示例中将 `;` 添加到 `x / 2` 的后面，看看会出现什么情况。" +"由于 `if` 是一个表达式且必须有一个特定的类型，因此它的两个分支块必须有相同的类型。考虑在" +"第二个示例中将 `;` 添加到 `small` 的后面，看看会出现什么情况。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/if.md:38 msgid "" -"When `if` is used in an expression, the expression must have a `;` to " -"separate it from the next statement. Remove the `;` before `println!` to see " -"the compiler error." +"When `if` is used in an expression, the expression must have a `;` to separate it from " +"the next statement. Remove the `;` before `println!` to see the compiler error." msgstr "" -"如果在表达式中使用 `if`，则表达式中必须包含 `;` 来将其与下一个语句分隔开。移" -"除 `println!` 前面的 `;` 即可查看编译器错误。" +"如果在表达式中使用 `if`，则表达式中必须包含 `;` 来将其与下一个语句分隔开。移除 `println!" +"` 前面的 `;` 即可查看编译器错误。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md:3 msgid "There are three looping keywords in Rust: `while`, `loop`, and `for`:" msgstr "Rust 中有三个循环关键字：`while`、`loop` 和 `for`：" -#: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md:5 msgid "`while`" -msgstr "`while` 循环" +msgstr "`while`" -#: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md:7 msgid "" -"The [`while` keyword](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/loop-" -"expr.html#predicate-loops) works much like in other languages, executing the " -"loop body as long as the condition is true." -msgstr "" -"[`while` 关键字](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/loop-expr." -"html#predicate-loops) 的工作方式与其他语言非常相似：" +"The `while` keyword works much like in other languages, executing the loop body as long " +"as the condition is true." +msgstr "`while` 关键字 的工作方式与其他语言非常相似。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md:18 msgid "\"Final x: {x}\"" msgstr "\"Final x: {x}\"" -#: src/control-flow-basics/loops/for.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"The [`for` loop](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword.for.html) iterates " -"over ranges of values:" -msgstr "" -"[`Drop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Drop.html) 用于定义析构函" -"数。" +#: src/control-flow-basics/loops/for.md:3 +msgid "The `for` loop iterates over ranges of values or the items in a collection:" +msgstr "`for` 循环迭代值的范围或集合中的项目：" -#: src/control-flow-basics/loops/for.md -msgid "" -"We will discuss iteration later; for now, just stick to range expressions." -msgstr "我们稍后会讨论迭代；暂时只使用范围表达式。" +#: src/control-flow-basics/loops/for.md:13 +msgid "\"elem: {elem}\"" +msgstr "“elem: {elem}”" -#: src/control-flow-basics/loops/for.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/loops/for.md:20 msgid "" -"Note that the `for` loop only iterates to `4`. Show the `1..=5` syntax for " -"an inclusive range." +"Under the hood `for` loops use a concept called \"iterators\" to handle iterating over " +"different kinds of ranges/collections. Iterators will be discussed in more detail later." msgstr "" -"请注意，`for` 循环只迭代到 `4`。现在展示使用 `1..=5` 语法表示一个包含边界的范" -"围。" +"在底层，`for` 循环使用称为“迭代器”的概念来处理不同类型的范围/集合的迭代。稍后将更详细地讨" +"论迭代器。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/loops/loop.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/control-flow-basics/loops/for.md:23 msgid "" -"The [`loop` statement](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword.loop.html) just " -"loops forever, until a `break`." -msgstr "" -"[`Drop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Drop.html) 用于定义析构函" -"数。" +"Note that the first `for` loop only iterates to `4`. Show the `1..=5` syntax for an " +"inclusive range." +msgstr "请注意，`for` 循环只迭代到 `4`。现在展示使用 `1..=5` 语法表示一个包含边界的范围。" + +#: src/control-flow-basics/loops/loop.md:3 +msgid "The `loop` statement just loops forever, until a `break`." +msgstr "`loop`语句永远循环，直到`break`。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/loops/loop.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/loops/loop.md:11 msgid "\"{i}\"" msgstr "\"{i}\"" -#: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"If you want to exit any kind of loop early, use [`break`](https://doc.rust-" -"lang.org/reference/expressions/loop-expr.html#break-expressions). For " -"`loop`, this can take an optional expression that becomes the value of the " -"`loop` expression." -msgstr "" -"如果你想提前退出循环，请使用 [`break`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/" -"expressions/loop-expr.html#break-expressions)，" +#: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md:3 +msgid "If you want to immediately start the next iteration use `continue`." +msgstr "如果需要立即启动 下一次迭代，请使用 `continue`。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md:6 msgid "" -"If you want to immediately start the next iteration use [`continue`](https://" -"doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/loop-expr.html#continue-expressions)." -msgstr "" -"如果需要立即启动 下一次迭代，请使用 [`continue`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" -"reference/expressions/loop-expr.html#continue-expressions)。" +"If you want to exit any kind of loop early, use `break`. For `loop`, this can take an " +"optional expression that becomes the value of the `loop` expression." +msgstr "如果你想提前退出循环，请使用 `break`。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md -msgid "\"{result}\"" -msgstr "\"{result}\"" +#: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md:22 src/std-traits/exercise.md:23 +#: src/std-traits/solution.md:29 src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md:95 +#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md:96 src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md:47 +#: src/modules/exercise.md:136 src/modules/solution.md:78 +#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:44 src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md:17 +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/cancellation.md:59 +msgid "\"{}\"" +msgstr "\"{}\"" -#: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue/labels.md:3 msgid "" -"Both `continue` and `break` can optionally take a label argument which is " -"used to break out of nested loops:" +"Both `continue` and `break` can optionally take a label argument which is used to break " +"out of nested loops:" msgstr "`continue` 和 `break` 都可以选择接受一个标签参数，用来 终止嵌套循环：" -#: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md -msgid "\"x: {x}, i: {i}\"" -msgstr "\"x: {x}, i: {i}\"" +#: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue/labels.md:19 +msgid "\"elements searched: {elements_searched}\"" +msgstr "“elements searched: {elements_searched}”" -#: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue/labels.md:25 msgid "" -"In this case we break the outer loop after 3 iterations of the inner loop." -msgstr "在本示例中，我们会在内循环 3 次迭代后终止外循环。" - -#: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md -msgid "" -"Note that `loop` is the only looping construct which returns a non-trivial " -"value. This is because it's guaranteed to be entered at least once (unlike " -"`while` and `for` loops)." +"Note that `loop` is the only looping construct which returns a non-trivial value. This " +"is because it's guaranteed to be entered at least once (unlike `while` and `for` loops)." msgstr "" -"请注意，`loop` 是唯一返回有意义的值的循环结构。 这是因为它保证至少被输入一次" -"（与 `while` 和 `for` 循环不同）。" +"请注意，`loop` 是唯一返回有意义的值的循环结构。 这是因为它保证至少被输入一次（与 `while` " +"和 `for` 循环不同）。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md:3 msgid "Blocks" msgstr "块" -#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md:5 msgid "" -"A block in Rust contains a sequence of expressions, enclosed by braces `{}`. " -"Each block has a value and a type, which are those of the last expression of " -"the block:" -msgstr "Rust 中的块包含值和类型：值是 块的最后一个表达式：" +"A block in Rust contains a sequence of expressions, enclosed by braces `{}`. Each block " +"has a value and a type, which are those of the last expression of the block:" +msgstr "" +"Rust 中的块包含一系列表达式，用大括号 `{}` 括起来。每个块都有一个值和类型，它们是块的最后" +"一个表达式的值和类型：" -#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md:14 msgid "\"y: {y}\"" msgstr "\"y: {y}\"" -#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"If the last expression ends with `;`, then the resulting value and type is " -"`()`." -msgstr "不过，如果最后一个表达式以 `;` 结尾，那么生成的值和类型为 `()`。" +#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md:21 +msgid "If the last expression ends with `;`, then the resulting value and type is `()`." +msgstr "如果最后一个表达式以 `;` 结尾，那么生成的值和类型为 `()`。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md -msgid "Scopes and Shadowing" -msgstr "作用域和遮蔽（Shadowing）" +#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md:26 +msgid "" +"You can show how the value of the block changes by changing the last line in the block. " +"For instance, adding/removing a semicolon or using a `return`." +msgstr "" +"你可以通过更改块的最后一行，来展示块值的变化情况。例如，添加/移除分号或使用 `return`。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes/scopes.md:3 msgid "A variable's scope is limited to the enclosing block." msgstr "变量的作用域仅限于封闭代码块内。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes/scopes.md:5 msgid "" -"You can shadow variables, both those from outer scopes and variables from " -"the same scope:" +"You can shadow variables, both those from outer scopes and variables from the same scope:" msgstr "你可以隐藏变量，位于外部作用域的变量和 相同作用域的变量都可以：" -#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes/scopes.md:11 msgid "\"before: {a}\"" msgstr "\"before: {a}\"" -#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md src/std-traits/from-and-into.md -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes/scopes.md:13 src/generics/exercise.md:18 +#: src/generics/solution.md:20 src/std-traits/from-and-into.md:7 +#: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md:19 src/lifetimes/solution.md:225 msgid "\"hello\"" -msgstr "\"hello\"" +msgstr "“after: {a}”" -#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes/scopes.md:14 msgid "\"inner scope: {a}\"" msgstr "\"inner scope: {a}\"" -#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes/scopes.md:17 msgid "\"shadowed in inner scope: {a}\"" msgstr "\"shadowed in inner scope: {a}\"" -#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes/scopes.md:20 msgid "\"after: {a}\"" msgstr "\"after: {a}\"" -#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md -msgid "" -"You can show how the value of the block changes by changing the last line in " -"the block. For instance, adding/removing a semicolon or using a `return`." -msgstr "" -"你可以通过更改块的最后一行，来展示块值的变化情况。例如，添加/移除分号或使用 " -"`return`。" - -#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes/scopes.md:26 msgid "" -"Show that a variable's scope is limited by adding a `b` in the inner block " -"in the last example, and then trying to access it outside that block." +"Show that a variable's scope is limited by adding a `b` in the inner block in the last " +"example, and then trying to access it outside that block." msgstr "" -"通过在上一个示例的内部代码块中添加 `b`，并尝试在该代码块之外访问它，表明变量" -"的作用域是受限的。" +"通过在上一个示例的内部代码块中添加 `b`，并尝试在该代码块之外访问它，表明变量的作用域是受" +"限的。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes/scopes.md:28 msgid "" -"Shadowing is different from mutation, because after shadowing both " -"variable's memory locations exist at the same time. Both are available under " -"the same name, depending where you use it in the code." +"Shadowing is different from mutation, because after shadowing both variable's memory " +"locations exist at the same time. Both are available under the same name, depending " +"where you use it in the code." msgstr "" -"定义: 遮蔽和变更（mutation）不同，因为在遮蔽之后，两个变量都会同时存在于内存" -"的不同位置中。在同一个名字下的两个变量都是可以被使用的，但是你在代码的哪里使" -"用会最终决定你使用哪一个变量。" +"遮蔽和变更（mutation）不同，因为在遮蔽之后，两个变量都会同时存在于内存的不同位置中。在同" +"一个名字下的两个变量都是可以被使用的，但是你在代码的哪里使用会最终决定你使用哪一个变量。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes/scopes.md:31 msgid "A shadowing variable can have a different type." msgstr "一个遮蔽变量可以具有不同的类型。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes/scopes.md:32 msgid "" -"Shadowing looks obscure at first, but is convenient for holding on to values " -"after `.unwrap()`." +"Shadowing looks obscure at first, but is convenient for holding on to values after `." +"unwrap()`." msgstr "隐藏起初看起来会有些晦涩，但是它很便于存 `.unwrap()` 之后的得到的值。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md:22 msgid "" -"Declaration parameters are followed by a type (the reverse of some " -"programming languages), then a return type." +"Declaration parameters are followed by a type (the reverse of some programming " +"languages), then a return type." msgstr "类型跟随在声明的参数后（与某些编程语言相反），然后是返回类型。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md:24 msgid "" -"The last expression in a function body (or any block) becomes the return " -"value. Simply omit the `;` at the end of the expression. The `return` " -"keyword can be used for early return, but the \"bare value\" form is " -"idiomatic at the end of a function (refactor `gcd` to use a `return`)." +"The last expression in a function body (or any block) becomes the return value. Simply " +"omit the `;` at the end of the expression. The `return` keyword can be used for early " +"return, but the \"bare value\" form is idiomatic at the end of a function (refactor " +"`gcd` to use a `return`)." msgstr "" -"函数体（或任何块）中的最后一个表达式将成为返回值。只需省略表达式末尾的 `;` 即" -"可。" +"函数体（或任何块）中的最后一个表达式成为返回值。只需省略表达式末尾的 `;` 即可。 `return` " +"关键字可用于提前返回，但“裸值”形式在函数末尾是惯用的（重构 `gcd` 以使用 `return`）。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md:28 msgid "" -"Some functions have no return value, and return the 'unit type', `()`. The " -"compiler will infer this if the `-> ()` return type is omitted." +"Some functions have no return value, and return the 'unit type', `()`. The compiler will " +"infer this if the `-> ()` return type is omitted." msgstr "" -"有些函数没有返回值，会返回“单元类型（unit type）”`()`。如果省略了`-> ()`的返" -"回类型，编译器将会自动推断。" +"有些函数没有返回值，会返回“单元类型（unit type）”`()`。如果省略了`-> ()`的返回类型，编译" +"器将会自动推断。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"Overloading is not supported -- each function has a single implementation." -msgstr "每一个函数都只有一种实现：" +#: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md:30 +msgid "Overloading is not supported -- each function has a single implementation." +msgstr "每一个函数都只有一种实现。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md:31 msgid "" -"Always takes a fixed number of parameters. Default arguments are not " -"supported. Macros can be used to support variadic functions." +"Always takes a fixed number of parameters. Default arguments are not supported. Macros " +"can be used to support variadic functions." msgstr "始终采用固定数量的参数。不支持默认参数。宏可用于支持可变函数。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md:33 msgid "" -"Always takes a single set of parameter types. These types can be generic, " -"which will be covered later." -msgstr "始终接受一组形参类型。" +"Always takes a single set of parameter types. These types can be generic, which will be " +"covered later." +msgstr "始终接受一组形参类型。这些类型可以是通用的，稍后将介绍。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md:3 msgid "" -"Macros are expanded into Rust code during compilation, and can take a " -"variable number of arguments. They are distinguished by a `!` at the end. " -"The Rust standard library includes an assortment of useful macros." +"Macros are expanded into Rust code during compilation, and can take a variable number of " +"arguments. They are distinguished by a `!` at the end. The Rust standard library " +"includes an assortment of useful macros." msgstr "" -"宏在编译过程中会扩展为 Rust 代码，并且可以接受可变数量的参数。它们以 `!` 结尾" -"来进行区分。Rust 标准库包含各种有用的宏。" +"宏在编译过程中会扩展为 Rust 代码，并且可以接受可变数量的参数。它们以 `!` 结尾来进行区分。" +"Rust 标准库包含各种有用的宏。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md:7 msgid "" -"`println!(format, ..)` prints a line to standard output, applying formatting " -"described in [`std::fmt`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/index.html)." -msgstr "" -"运算符重载是通过 [`std::ops`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/index.html) " -"中的特征实现的：" +"`println!(format, ..)` prints a line to standard output, applying formatting described " +"in `std::fmt`." +msgstr "`println!(format, ..)` 将一行打印到标准输出，应用 `std::fmt` 中描述的格式。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md:9 msgid "" -"`format!(format, ..)` works just like `println!` but returns the result as a " -"string." -msgstr "" -"`format!(format, ..)` 的用法与 `println!` 类似，但它以字符串形式返回结果。" +"`format!(format, ..)` works just like `println!` but returns the result as a string." +msgstr "`format!(format, ..)` 的用法与 `println!` 类似，但它以字符串形式返回结果。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md:11 msgid "`dbg!(expression)` logs the value of the expression and returns it." msgstr "`dbg!(expression)` 会记录表达式的值并返回该值。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md -msgid "" -"`todo!()` marks a bit of code as not-yet-implemented. If executed, it will " -"panic." +#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md:12 +msgid "`todo!()` marks a bit of code as not-yet-implemented. If executed, it will panic." msgstr "`todo!()` 用于标记尚未实现的代码段。如果执行该代码段，则会触发 panic。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md -msgid "" -"`unreachable!()` marks a bit of code as unreachable. If executed, it will " -"panic." -msgstr "" -"`unreachable!()` 用于标记无法访问的代码段。如果执行该代码段，则会触发 panic。" +#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md:14 +msgid "`unreachable!()` marks a bit of code as unreachable. If executed, it will panic." +msgstr "`unreachable!()` 用于标记无法访问的代码段。如果执行该代码段，则会触发 panic。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md:32 msgid "\"{n}! = {}\"" msgstr "\"{n}! = {}\"" -#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md:39 msgid "" -"The takeaway from this section is that these common conveniences exist, and " -"how to use them. Why they are defined as macros, and what they expand to, is " -"not especially critical." +"The takeaway from this section is that these common conveniences exist, and how to use " +"them. Why they are defined as macros, and what they expand to, is not especially " +"critical." msgstr "" -"这一节的要点是介绍这些常见的便捷功能以及如何使用它们。而为何将它们定义为宏以" -"及它们可以扩展为什么内容，并不是特别关键。" +"这一节的要点是介绍这些常见的便捷功能以及如何使用它们。而为何将它们定义为宏以及它们可以扩" +"展为什么内容，并不是特别关键。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md:43 msgid "" -"The course does not cover defining macros, but a later section will describe " -"use of derive macros." +"The course does not cover defining macros, but a later section will describe use of " +"derive macros." msgstr "本课程不会介绍如何定义宏，但在后续部分会介绍派生宏的用法。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md +#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md:3 msgid "" -"The [Collatz Sequence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collatz_conjecture) is " -"defined as follows, for an arbitrary n" -msgstr "" -"[考拉兹序列](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collatz_conjecture) 的定义如下，其" -"中任意 n" +"The Collatz Sequence is defined as follows, for an arbitrary n1 greater than " +"zero:" +msgstr "对于任意大于零的 n1，Collat​​z 序列定义如下：" -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -msgid "1" -msgstr "1" +#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md:6 +msgid "If _ni_ is 1, then the sequence terminates at _ni_." +msgstr "如果 _ni_ 为 1，则序列在 _ni_ 处终止。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -msgid " greater than zero:" -msgstr " 大于零：" +#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md:7 +msgid "If _ni_ is even, then _ni+1 = ni / 2_." +msgstr "如果 _ni_ 是偶数，则 _ni+1 = ni / 2_。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -msgid "If _n" -msgstr "如果 _n" +#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md:8 +msgid "If _ni_ is odd, then _ni+1 = 3 * ni + 1_." +msgstr "如果 _ni_ 是奇数，则 _ni+1 = 3 * ni + 1_。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -msgid "i" -msgstr "i" +#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md:10 +msgid "For example, beginning with _n1_ = 3:" +msgstr "例如，以 _n1_ = 3 开头：" -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -msgid "_ is 1, then the sequence terminates at _n" -msgstr "_ 为 1，则序列在 _n 处终止" +#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md:12 +msgid "3 is odd, so _n2_ = 3 * 3 + 1 = 10;" +msgstr "3 是奇数，所以 _n2_ = 3 * 3 + 1 = 10；" -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -msgid "_." -msgstr "_." +#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md:13 +msgid "10 is even, so _n3_ = 10 / 2 = 5;" +msgstr "10 是偶数，所以 _n3_ = 10 / 2 = 5；" -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -msgid "_ is even, then _n" -msgstr "_ 为偶数，则 _n" +#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md:14 +msgid "5 is odd, so _n4_ = 3 * 5 + 1 = 16;" +msgstr "5 是奇数，因此 _n4_ = 3 * 5 + 1 = 16；" -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -msgid "i+1" -msgstr "i+1" +#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md:15 +msgid "16 is even, so _n5_ = 16 / 2 = 8;" +msgstr "16 是偶数，所以 _n5_ = 16 / 2 = 8；" -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -msgid " = n" -msgstr " = n" +#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md:16 +msgid "8 is even, so _n6_ = 8 / 2 = 4;" +msgstr "8 是偶数，所以 _n6_ = 8 / 2 = 4；" -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -msgid " / 2_." -msgstr " / 2_。" +#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md:17 +msgid "4 is even, so _n7_ = 4 / 2 = 2;" +msgstr "4 是偶数，所以 _n7_ = 4 / 2 = 2；" -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -msgid "_ is odd, then _n" -msgstr "_ 为奇数，则 _n" +#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md:18 +msgid "2 is even, so _n8_ = 1; and" +msgstr "2 是偶数，所以 _n8_ = 1；和" -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -msgid " = 3 * n" -msgstr " = 3 * n" +#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md:19 +msgid "the sequence terminates." +msgstr "序列终止。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -msgid " + 1_." -msgstr " + 1_。" +#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md:21 +msgid "" +"Write a function to calculate the length of the collatz sequence for a given initial `n`." +msgstr "编写一个函数，用于计算给定初始 `n` 的考拉兹序列的长度。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -msgid "For example, beginning with _n" -msgstr "例如，以 _n" +#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md:25 src/control-flow-basics/solution.md:4 +msgid "/// Determine the length of the collatz sequence beginning at `n`." +msgstr "/// 确定从 `n` 开始的 collat​​z 序列的长度。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -msgid "_ = 3:" -msgstr "_ = 3 开头：" +#: src/control-flow-basics/solution.md:20 src/concurrency/threads/scoped.md:11 +#: src/concurrency/threads/scoped.md:30 +msgid "\"Length: {}\"" +msgstr "\"Length: {}\"" -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "3 is odd, so _n" -msgstr "3 是奇数，因此 _n" +#: src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md +#: src/welcome-day-3-afternoon.md src/welcome-day-4-afternoon.md +msgid "Welcome Back" +msgstr "欢迎回来" -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -msgid "2" -msgstr "2" +#: src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md +msgid "" +"Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 2 hours and 35 minutes. It " +"contains:" +msgstr "包括 10 分钟的休息时间，本次训练大约需要 2 小时 35 分钟。它包含了：" -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -msgid "_ = 3 * 3 + 1 = 10;" -msgstr "_ = 3 * 3 + 1 = 10；" +#: src/tuples-and-arrays.md +msgid "This segment should take about 35 minutes. It contains:" +msgstr "这个部分应该花费35 分钟。它包括：" -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "10 is even, so _n" -msgstr "10 是偶数，因此 _n" +#: src/tuples-and-arrays/arrays.md:16 +msgid "" +"A value of the array type `[T; N]` holds `N` (a compile-time constant) elements of the " +"same type `T`. Note that the length of the array is _part of its type_, which means that " +"`[u8; 3]` and `[u8; 4]` are considered two different types. Slices, which have a size " +"determined at runtime, are covered later." +msgstr "" +"数组类型 `[T; N]` 保存相同类型 `T` 的 `N`（编译时常量）元素。请注意，数组的长度是其类型的" +"一部分，这意味着`[u8; 3]` 和 `[u8; 4]` 被视为两种不同的类型。切片的大小在运行时确定，稍后" +"将介绍。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md -msgid "3" -msgstr "3" +#: src/tuples-and-arrays/arrays.md:22 +msgid "" +"Try accessing an out-of-bounds array element. Array accesses are checked at runtime. " +"Rust can usually optimize these checks away, and they can be avoided using unsafe Rust." +msgstr "" +"请尝试访问出界数组元素。系统会在运行时检查数组访问。Rust 通常会通过优化消除这些检查，以及" +"使用不安全的 Rust 来避免这些检查。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -msgid "_ = 10 / 2 = 5;" -msgstr "_ = 10 / 2 = 5；" +#: src/tuples-and-arrays/arrays.md:26 +msgid "We can use literals to assign values to arrays." +msgstr "我们可以使用字面量来为数组赋值。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "5 is odd, so _n" -msgstr "5 是奇数，因此 _n" +#: src/tuples-and-arrays/arrays.md:28 +msgid "" +"The `println!` macro asks for the debug implementation with the `?` format parameter: `{}" +"` gives the default output, `{:?}` gives the debug output. Types such as integers and " +"strings implement the default output, but arrays only implement the debug output. This " +"means that we must use debug output here." +msgstr "" +"`println!` 宏使用 `?` 格式参数请求调试实现：`{}` 给出默认输出，`{:?}` 给出调试输出。整数" +"和字符串等类型实现默认输出，但数组仅实现调试输出。这意味着我们必须在这里使用调试输出。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md -msgid "4" -msgstr "4" +#: src/tuples-and-arrays/arrays.md:33 +msgid "" +"Adding `#`, eg `{a:#?}`, invokes a \"pretty printing\" format, which can be easier to " +"read." +msgstr "" +"添加 `#`，比如 `{a:#?}`，会输出“美观打印（pretty printing）” 格式，这种格式可能会更加易" +"读。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "_ = 3 * 5 + 1 = 16;" -msgstr "_ = 3 * 15 + 1 = 16；" +#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples.md:16 +msgid "Like arrays, tuples have a fixed length." +msgstr "和数组一样，元组也具有固定的长度。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "16 is even, so _n" -msgstr "16 是偶数，因此 _n" +#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples.md:18 +msgid "Tuples group together values of different types into a compound type." +msgstr "元组将不同类型的值组成一个复合类型。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -msgid "5" -msgstr "5" - -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "_ = 16 / 2 = 8;" -msgstr "_ = 16 / 2 = 8；" - -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "8 is even, so _n" -msgstr "8 是偶数，因此 _n" - -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md -msgid "6" -msgstr "6" - -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "_ = 8 / 2 = 4;" -msgstr "_ = 8 / 2 = 4；" - -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "4 is even, so _n" -msgstr "4 是偶数，因此 _n" - -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -msgid "7" -msgstr "7" - -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "_ = 4 / 2 = 2;" -msgstr "_ = 4 / 2 = 2；" - -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "2 is even, so _n" -msgstr "2 是偶数，因此 _n" - -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md -msgid "8" -msgstr "8" - -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -msgid "_ = 1; and" -msgstr "_ = 1；并且" - -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md -msgid "the sequence terminates." -msgstr "序列终止。" - -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md +#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples.md:20 msgid "" -"Write a function to calculate the length of the collatz sequence for a given " -"initial `n`." -msgstr "编写一个函数，用于计算给定初始 `n` 的考拉兹序列的长度。" +"Fields of a tuple can be accessed by the period and the index of the value, e.g. `t.0`, " +"`t.1`." +msgstr "元组中的字段可以通过英文句号加上值的下标进行访问比如：`t.0`, `t.1`。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md src/control-flow-basics/solution.md -msgid "/// Determine the length of the collatz sequence beginning at `n`.\n" -msgstr "/// Determine the length of the collatz sequence beginning at `n`.\n" +#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples.md:23 +msgid "" +"The empty tuple `()` is referred to as the \"unit type\" and signifies absence of a " +"return value, akin to `void` in other languages." +msgstr "空元组 `()` 被称为“单元类型”，表示没有返回值，类似于其他语言中的 void。" -#: src/control-flow-basics/solution.md src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md -msgid "\"Length: {}\"" -msgstr "\"Length: {}\"" +#: src/tuples-and-arrays/iteration.md:3 +msgid "The `for` statement supports iterating over arrays (but not tuples)." +msgstr "`for` 语句支持对数组进行迭代（但不支持元组）。" -#: src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md -#: src/welcome-day-3-afternoon.md src/welcome-day-4-afternoon.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "Welcome Back" -msgstr "欢迎" +#: src/tuples-and-arrays/iteration.md:19 +msgid "This functionality uses the `IntoIterator` trait, but we haven't covered that yet." +msgstr "此功能使用了 `IntoIterator` trait，但我们还没有讲到它。" -#: src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md -msgid "[Tuples and Arrays](./tuples-and-arrays.md) (1 hour)" +#: src/tuples-and-arrays/iteration.md:22 +msgid "" +"The `assert_ne!` macro is new here. There are also `assert_eq!` and `assert!` macros. " +"These are always checked while, debug-only variants like `debug_assert!` compile to " +"nothing in release builds." msgstr "" +"这里新增了 `assert_ne!` 宏。此外，还有 `assert_eq!` 和 `assert!` 宏。系统始终会对这些宏进" +"行检查，而像 `debug_assert!` 这样的仅调试变体在发布 build 中不会编译成任何代码。" -#: src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md -msgid "[References](./references.md) (50 minutes)" +#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md:3 +msgid "" +"When working with tuples and other structured values it's common to want to extract the " +"inner values into local variables. This can be done manually by directly accessing the " +"inner values:" msgstr "" +"当处理元组和其他结构化值时，通常需要将内部值提取到局部变量中。这可以通过直接访问内部值来" +"手动完成：" -#: src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md -msgid "[User-Defined Types](./user-defined-types.md) (50 minutes)" -msgstr "" +#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md:11 src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md:21 +msgid "\"left: {left}, right: {right}\"" +msgstr "“left: {left}, right: {right}”" -#: src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md +#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md:15 msgid "" -"Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 2 hours and 55 " -"minutes" -msgstr "" +"However, Rust also supports using pattern matching to destructure a larger value into " +"its constituent parts:" +msgstr "然而，Rust 也支持使用模式匹配将较大的值解构为其组成部分：" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays.md +#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md:28 msgid "" -"[Tuples and Arrays](./tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md) (10 minutes)" +"The patterns used here are \"irrefutable\", meaning that the compiler can statically " +"verify that the value on the right of `=` has the same structure as the pattern." msgstr "" +"这里使用的模式是“不可反驳的”，这意味着编译器可以静态验证 `=` 右边的值与模式具有相同的结" +"构。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays.md -msgid "[Array Iteration](./tuples-and-arrays/iteration.md) (3 minutes)" +#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md:31 +msgid "" +"A variable name is an irrefutable pattern that always matches any value, hence why we " +"can also use `let` to declare a single variable." msgstr "" +"变量名是一种不可反驳的模式，它总是匹配任何值，因此我们也可以使用 let 来声明一个变量。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays.md -msgid "[Pattern Matching](./tuples-and-arrays/match.md) (10 minutes)" +#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md:33 +msgid "" +"Rust also supports using patterns in conditionals, allowing for equality comparison and " +"destructuring to happen at the same time. This form of pattern matching will be " +"discussed in more detail later." msgstr "" +"Rust 还支持在条件语句中使用模式，允许同时进行相等比较和解构。这种形式的模式匹配将在后面详" +"细讨论。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays.md -msgid "[Destructuring](./tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" +#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md:36 +msgid "" +"Edit the examples above to show the compiler error when the pattern doesn't match the " +"value being matched on." +msgstr "编辑上面的示例，以展示当模式与要匹配的值不匹配时的编译器错误。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays.md -msgid "[Exercise: Nested Arrays](./tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" -msgstr "" +#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md:3 +msgid "Arrays can contain other arrays:" +msgstr "数组可以包含其他数组：" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays.md src/memory-management.md src/borrowing.md -#: src/testing.md -msgid "This segment should take about 1 hour" -msgstr "" +#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md:9 +msgid "What is the type of this variable?" +msgstr "这个变量的类型是什么？" + +#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md:11 +msgid "" +"Use an array such as the above to write a function `transpose` which will transpose a " +"matrix (turn rows into columns):" +msgstr "使用上述数组来编写一个函数 transpose，该函数将转置一个矩阵（将行变为列）：" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md +#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md:22 msgid "" -"Tuples and arrays are the first \"compound\" types we have seen. All " -"elements of an array have the same type, while tuples can accommodate " -"different types. Both types have a size fixed at compile time." +"Copy the code below to https://play.rust-lang.org/ and implement the function. This " +"function only operates on 3x3 matrices." msgstr "" -"元组和数组是我们见过的第一个 “复合”类型。数组的所有元素具有相同的类型，而元组" -"可以适应不同的类型。这两种类型的大小在编译时是固定的。" +"将下面的代码复制到 https://play.rust-lang.org/ 并实现该函数。该函数仅适用于 3x3 矩阵。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md -msgid "Arrays" -msgstr "数组（Arrays）" +#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md:26 src/borrowing/exercise.md:14 +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:51 +msgid "// TODO: remove this when you're done with your implementation." +msgstr "// TODO: 在完成实现后，请删除此注释。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md -msgid "`[T; N]`" -msgstr "`[T; N]`" +#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md:36 src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md:44 +#: src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md:17 src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md:25 +msgid "//" +msgstr "//" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md -msgid "`[20, 30, 40]`, `[0; 3]`" -msgstr "`[20, 30, 40]`, `[0; 3]`" +#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md:53 src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md:34 +msgid "// \\<\\-- the comment makes rustfmt add a newline" +msgstr "// <-- 这个注释会导致 rustfmt 添加一个换行" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md -msgid "Tuples" -msgstr "元组（Tuples）" +#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md:58 src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md:39 +msgid "\"matrix: {:#?}\"" +msgstr "\"matrix: {:#?}\"" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md -msgid "`()`, `(T,)`, `(T1, T2)`, ..." -msgstr "`()`, `(T,)`, `(T1, T2)`, ..." +#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md:60 src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md:41 +msgid "\"transposed: {:#?}\"" +msgstr "\"transposed: {:#?}\"" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md -msgid "`()`, `('x',)`, `('x', 1.2)`, ..." -msgstr "`()`, `('x',)`, `('x', 1.2)`, ..." +#: src/references.md src/smart-pointers.md src/borrowing.md src/error-handling.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls.md +msgid "This segment should take about 55 minutes. It contains:" +msgstr "这个部分应该花费 55 分钟。它包含：" + +#: src/references.md +msgid "Slices: &\\[T\\]" +msgstr "切片：&[T]" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md -msgid "Array assignment and access:" -msgstr "数组的赋值和访问操作：" +#: src/references/shared.md:3 +msgid "" +"A reference provides a way to access another value without taking responsibility for the " +"value, and is also called \"borrowing\". Shared references are read-only, and the " +"referenced data cannot change." +msgstr "" +"引用提供了一种可以访问另一个值但无需对该值负责的方式，也被称为 “借用”。共享引用处于只读状" +"态，且引用的数据无法更改。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md -msgid "Tuple assignment and access:" -msgstr "元组的赋值和访问操作：" +#: src/references/shared.md:20 +msgid "" +"A shared reference to a type `T` has type `&T`. A reference value is made with the `&` " +"operator. The `*` operator \"dereferences\" a reference, yielding its value." +msgstr "" +"对类型 `T` 的共享引用表示为 `&T`。可以使用 `&` 运算符创建引用值。`*` 运算符会 “解引用”某" +"个引用，并得到该引用值。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md -msgid "Arrays:" -msgstr "数组：" +#: src/references/shared.md:24 +msgid "Rust will statically forbid dangling references:" +msgstr "Rust 会静态禁止悬垂引用：" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/references/shared.md:38 msgid "" -"A value of the array type `[T; N]` holds `N` (a compile-time constant) " -"elements of the same type `T`. Note that the length of the array is _part of " -"its type_, which means that `[u8; 3]` and `[u8; 4]` are considered two " -"different types. Slices, which have a size determined at runtime, are " -"covered later." +"A reference is said to \"borrow\" the value it refers to, and this is a good model for " +"students not familiar with pointers: code can use the reference to access the value, but " +"is still \"owned\" by the original variable. The course will get into more detail on " +"ownership in day 3." msgstr "" -"数组中的元素具有相同的类型 `T`，数组的长度为 `N`，`N` 是一个编译期常量。 需要" -"注意的是数组的长度是它_类型的一部分\\_, 这意味着 `[u8; 3]` 和 `[u8; 4]` 在 " -"Rust 中被认为是不同的类型。" +"引用被称为 “借用”了其所引用的值，这对于不熟悉指针的学生来说是一个很好的模型：代码可以通过" +"引用来访问值，但原始变量仍然保有对该值的 “所有权”。本课程会在第 3 天详细介绍所有权。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md +#: src/references/shared.md:43 msgid "" -"Try accessing an out-of-bounds array element. Array accesses are checked at " -"runtime. Rust can usually optimize these checks away, and they can be " -"avoided using unsafe Rust." +"References are implemented as pointers, and a key advantage is that they can be much " +"smaller than the thing they point to. Students familiar with C or C++ will recognize " +"references as pointers. Later parts of the course will cover how Rust prevents the " +"memory-safety bugs that come from using raw pointers." msgstr "" -"请尝试访问出界数组元素。系统会在运行时检查数组访问。Rust 通常会通过优化消除这" -"些检查，以及使用不安全的 Rust 来避免这些检查。" +"引用是以指针的形式实现的，其关键优势在于它们可以比其所指的内容小得多。熟悉 C 或 C++ 的学" +"生会将引用视为指针。本课程的后续部分将介绍 Rust 如何防止因使用原始指针而导致的内存安全 " +"bug。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md -msgid "We can use literals to assign values to arrays." -msgstr "我们可以使用字面量来为数组赋值。" +#: src/references/shared.md:48 +msgid "Rust does not automatically create references for you - the `&` is always required." +msgstr "Rust 不会自动为您创建引用，必须始终使用 `&` 符号。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/references/shared.md:51 msgid "" -"The `println!` macro asks for the debug implementation with the `?` format " -"parameter: `{}` gives the default output, `{:?}` gives the debug output. " -"Types such as integers and strings implement the default output, but arrays " -"only implement the debug output. This means that we must use debug output " -"here." +"Rust will auto-dereference in some cases, in particular when invoking methods (try `r." +"is_ascii()`). There is no need for an `->` operator like in C++." msgstr "" -"在主函数中，打印（print）语句使用 `?` 格式请求调试实现。 使用参数 `{}` 打印默" -"认输出，`{:?}` 表示以调试格式输出。 我们也可以不在格式化字符串后面指定变量" -"值，直接使用 `{a}` 和 `{a:?}` 进行输出。" +"在某些情况下，Rust 会自动解引用，特别是在调用方法时（尝试 r.is_ascii()）。不像 C++ 那样需" +"要 -> 运算符。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md +#: src/references/shared.md:54 msgid "" -"Adding `#`, eg `{a:#?}`, invokes a \"pretty printing\" format, which can be " -"easier to read." +"In this example, `r` is mutable so that it can be reassigned (`r = &b`). Note that this " +"re-binds `r`, so that it refers to something else. This is different from C++, where " +"assignment to a reference changes the referenced value." msgstr "" -"添加 `#`，比如 `{a:#?}`，会输出“美观打印（pretty printing）” 格式，这种格式可" -"能会更加易读。" +"在本例中，`r` 是可变的，因此可以为其重新赋值 (`r = &b`)。请注意，这会重新绑定 `r`，使其引" +"用其他内容。这与 C++ 不同，在 C++ 中为引用赋值会更改引用的值。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md -msgid "Tuples:" -msgstr "元组：" +#: src/references/shared.md:58 +msgid "" +"A shared reference does not allow modifying the value it refers to, even if that value " +"was mutable. Try `*r = 'X'`." +msgstr "共享引用不允许修改其所引用的值，即使该值是可变的。请尝试 `*r = 'X'`。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md -msgid "Like arrays, tuples have a fixed length." -msgstr "和数组一样，元组也具有固定的长度。" +#: src/references/shared.md:61 +msgid "" +"Rust is tracking the lifetimes of all references to ensure they live long enough. " +"Dangling references cannot occur in safe Rust. `x_axis` would return a reference to " +"`point`, but `point` will be deallocated when the function returns, so this will not " +"compile." +msgstr "" +"Rust 会跟踪所有引用的生命周期，以确保它们存在足够长的时间。在安全的 Rust 中不会出现悬空引" +"用。`x_axis` 会返回对 `point` 的引用，但 `point` 会在该函数返回时取消分配，因此不会进行编" +"译。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md -msgid "Tuples group together values of different types into a compound type." -msgstr "元组将不同类型的值组成一个复合类型。" +#: src/references/shared.md:66 +msgid "We will talk more about borrowing when we get to ownership." +msgstr "我们会在讲到所有权（ownership）时详细讨论借用（borrow）。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md +#: src/references/exclusive.md:3 msgid "" -"Fields of a tuple can be accessed by the period and the index of the value, " -"e.g. `t.0`, `t.1`." -msgstr "元组中的字段可以通过英文句号加上值的下标进行访问比如：`t.0`, `t.1`。" +"Exclusive references, also known as mutable references, allow changing the value they " +"refer to. They have type `&mut T`." +msgstr "独占引用（也称为可变引用）允许更改其所引用的值。它们的类型为 `&mut T`。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/references/exclusive.md:22 msgid "" -"The empty tuple `()` is also known as the \"unit type\". It is both a type, " -"and the only valid value of that type --- that is to say both the type and " -"its value are expressed as `()`. It is used to indicate, for example, that a " -"function or expression has no return value, as we'll see in a future slide." +"\"Exclusive\" means that only this reference can be used to access the value. No other " +"references (shared or exclusive) can exist at the same time, and the referenced value " +"cannot be accessed while the exclusive reference exists. Try making an `&point.0` or " +"changing `point.0` while `x_coord` is alive." msgstr "" -"空元组 `()` 也被称作 “单元（unit）类型”. 它既是一个类型， 也是这种类型的唯一" -"值——也就是说它的类型和它的值都被表示为 `()`。它通常用于表示，比如，一个函数或" -"表达式没有返回值，我们会在后续的幻灯片种见到这种用法。" +"“独占模式”表示只有此引用可用于访问该值。在独占引用存在期间，不允许同时存在其他引用（无论" +"是共享引用还是独占引用），并且无法访问引用的值。请尝试在 `x_coord` 处于活动状态时创建 " +"`&point.0` 或更改 `point.0`。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/references/exclusive.md:27 msgid "" -"You can think of it as `void` that can be familiar to you from other " -"programming languages." -msgstr "你可以将其理解为你可能在其他编程语言中比较熟悉的 `void` 类型。" +"Be sure to note the difference between `let mut x_coord: &i32` and `let x_coord: &mut " +"i32`. The first one represents a shared reference which can be bound to different " +"values, while the second represents an exclusive reference to a mutable value." +msgstr "" +"请务必注意 `let mut x_coord: &i32` 和 `let x_coord: &mut i32` 之间的区别。第一个表示一个" +"可以绑定到不同值的共享引用，而第二个表示对可变值的排他引用。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/iteration.md -msgid "The `for` statement supports iterating over arrays (but not tuples)." -msgstr "`for` 语句支持对数组进行迭代（但不支持元组）。" +#: src/references/slices.md:1 +msgid "Slices" +msgstr "切片" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/iteration.md -msgid "" -"This functionality uses the `IntoIterator` trait, but we haven't covered " -"that yet." -msgstr "此功能使用了 `IntoIterator` trait，但我们还没有讲到它。" +#: src/references/slices.md:3 +msgid "A slice gives you a view into a larger collection:" +msgstr "切片 (slice) 的作用是提供对集合 (collection) 的视图 (view):" + +#: src/references/slices.md:18 +msgid "Slices borrow data from the sliced type." +msgstr "切片从被切片的类型中借用 (borrow) 数据。" + +#: src/references/slices.md:19 +msgid "Question: What happens if you modify `a[3]` right before printing `s`?" +msgstr "请思考：如果我们在打印 `s` 之前改变 `a[3]`，将会产生怎样的后果？" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/iteration.md +#: src/references/slices.md:24 msgid "" -"The `assert_ne!` macro is new here. There are also `assert_eq!` and `assert!" -"` macros. These are always checked while, debug-only variants like " -"`debug_assert!` compile to nothing in release builds." -msgstr "" -"这里新增了 `assert_ne!` 宏。此外，还有 `assert_eq!` 和 `assert!` 宏。系统始终" -"会对这些宏进行检查，而像 `debug_assert!` 这样的仅调试变体在发布 build 中不会" -"编译成任何代码。" +"We create a slice by borrowing `a` and specifying the starting and ending indexes in " +"brackets." +msgstr "我们通过借用 `a` 并在方括号中指定起始和结束索引来创建一个切片。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/references/slices.md:27 msgid "" -"The `match` keyword lets you match a value against one or more _patterns_. " -"The comparisons are done from top to bottom and the first match wins." +"If the slice starts at index 0, Rust’s range syntax allows us to drop the starting " +"index, meaning that `&a[0..a.len()]` and `&a[..a.len()]` are identical." msgstr "" -"使用关键词 `match` 对一个值进行模式匹配。进行匹配时，会从上至下依次进行比较，" -"并选定第一个匹配成功的结果。" - -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md -msgid "The patterns can be simple values, similarly to `switch` in C and C++:" -msgstr "模式（pattern）可以是简单的值，其用法类似于 C 与 C++ 中的 `switch` 。" +"如果切片从索引 0 开始，Rust 的范围语法允许我们省略起始索引，这意味着 `&a[0..a.len()]` 和 " +"`&a[..a.len()]` 是相同的。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md -msgid "'x'" -msgstr "'x'" +#: src/references/slices.md:31 +msgid "" +"The same is true for the last index, so `&a[2..a.len()]` and `&a[2..]` are identical." +msgstr "结尾下标也可以用相同方式省略。比如说 `&a[2..a.len()]` 和 `&a[2..]` 是等价的。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md -msgid "'q'" -msgstr "'q'" +#: src/references/slices.md:34 +msgid "To easily create a slice of the full array, we can therefore use `&a[..]`." +msgstr "因此，我们可以用 `&a[..]` 来创建包含整个数组的切片。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "\"Quitting\"" -msgstr "\"Quitting\"" +#: src/references/slices.md:36 +msgid "" +"`s` is a reference to a slice of `i32`s. Notice that the type of `s` (`&[i32]`) no " +"longer mentions the array length. This allows us to perform computation on slices of " +"different sizes." +msgstr "" +"`s` 是指向 `i32` 类型的切片的引用。注意，`s` 的类型 (`&[i32]`) 不再包含数组的长度。这使我" +"们能够对不同大小的切片进行计算。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md src/std-traits/solution.md -#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md -msgid "'a'" -msgstr "'a'" +#: src/references/slices.md:40 +msgid "" +"Slices always borrow from another object. In this example, `a` has to remain 'alive' (in " +"scope) for at least as long as our slice." +msgstr "" +"切片总是借用另一个对象。在这个例子中，`a` 必须至少在切片存在的时间内保持“活跃”（在作用域" +"内）。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md -msgid "'s'" -msgstr "'s'" +#: src/references/slices.md:43 +msgid "" +"The question about modifying `a[3]` can spark an interesting discussion, but the answer " +"is that for memory safety reasons you cannot do it through `a` at this point in the " +"execution, but you can read the data from both `a` and `s` safely. It works before you " +"created the slice, and again after the `println`, when the slice is no longer used." +msgstr "" +"关于修改 ` a[3]` 的问题可以引发有趣的讨论，但答案是出于内存安全的原因，你不能在这一点上通" +"过 `a` 来执行修改，但你可以安全地从 `a` 和 `s` 中读取数据。在创建切片之前以及 `println` " +"之后（切片不再使用时），这是有效的。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md -msgid "'w'" -msgstr "'w'" +#: src/references/strings.md:7 +msgid "We can now understand the two string types in Rust:" +msgstr "现在我们就可以理解 Rust 中的两种字符串类型：" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md -msgid "'d'" -msgstr "'d'" +#: src/references/strings.md:9 +msgid "`&str` is a slice of UTF-8 encoded bytes, similar to `&[u8]`." +msgstr "`&str` 是 UTF-8 编码字节的切片，类似于 `&[u8]`。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md -msgid "\"Moving around\"" -msgstr "\"Moving around\"" +#: src/references/strings.md:10 +msgid "`String` is an owned buffer of UTF-8 encoded bytes, similar to `Vec`." +msgstr "`String` 是 UTF-8 编码字节的拥有所有权的缓冲区，类似于 `Vec`。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md src/error-handling/exercise.md -#: src/error-handling/solution.md -msgid "'0'" -msgstr "'0'" +#: src/references/strings.md:17 src/std-traits/read-and-write.md:36 +msgid "\"World\"" +msgstr "\"World\"" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md src/error-handling/exercise.md -#: src/error-handling/solution.md -msgid "'9'" -msgstr "'9'" +#: src/references/strings.md:18 +msgid "\"s1: {s1}\"" +msgstr "\"s1: {s1}\"" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md -msgid "\"Number input\"" -msgstr "\"Number input\"" +#: src/references/strings.md:20 +msgid "\"Hello \"" +msgstr "“Hello\"" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md -msgid "\"Lowercase: {key}\"" -msgstr "\"Lowercase: {key}\"" +#: src/references/strings.md:21 src/references/strings.md:23 +#: src/memory-management/move.md:9 +msgid "\"s2: {s2}\"" +msgstr "\"s2: {s2}\"" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md -msgid "\"Something else\"" -msgstr "\"Something else\"" +#: src/references/strings.md:26 +msgid "\"s3: {s3}\"" +msgstr "\"s3: {s3}\"" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md +#: src/references/strings.md:33 msgid "" -"The `_` pattern is a wildcard pattern which matches any value. The " -"expressions _must_ be irrefutable, meaning that it covers every possibility, " -"so `_` is often used as the final catch-all case." +"`&str` introduces a string slice, which is an immutable reference to UTF-8 encoded " +"string data stored in a block of memory. String literals (`\"Hello\"`), are stored in " +"the program’s binary." msgstr "" -"`_` 模式是与任何值匹配的通配符模式。表达式 _必须_ 不可反驳，即其涵盖了所有可" -"能性，因此通常将 `_` 用作最终的万能符。" +"`&str` 引入了一个字符串切片，它是一个指向保存在内存块中的 UTF-8 编码字符串数据的不可变引" +"用。字符串字面量（`”Hello”`）会保存在程序的二进制文件中。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/references/strings.md:37 msgid "" -"Match can be used as an expression. Just like `if`, each match arm must have " -"the same type. The type is the last expression of the block, if any. In the " -"example above, the type is `()`." +"Rust's `String` type is a wrapper around a vector of bytes. As with a `Vec`, it is " +"owned." msgstr "" -"与 `if let` 类似，每个匹配分支必须有相同的类型。该类型是块的最后一个 表达式" -"（如有）。在上例中，类型是 `()`。" +"Rust 的 `String` 类型是一个字节 vector 的封装。和 `Vec` 一样，它是拥有所有权的。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md +#: src/references/strings.md:40 msgid "" -"A variable in the pattern (`key` in this example) will create a binding that " -"can be used within the match arm." -msgstr "模式中的变量（本例中为 `key`）将创建一个可在匹配分支内使用的绑定。" - -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md -msgid "A match guard causes the arm to match only if the condition is true." -msgstr "只有当条件为真时，保护语句才能使分支匹配成功。" - -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md -#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md src/methods-and-traits/methods.md -msgid "Key Points:" -msgstr "关键点：" +"As with many other types `String::from()` creates a string from a string literal; " +"`String::new()` creates a new empty string, to which string data can be added using the " +"`push()` and `push_str()` methods." +msgstr "" +"和其他类型一样，`String::from()` 会从字符串字面量创建一个字符串；`String::new()` 会创建一" +"个新的空字符串， 之后可以使用 `push()` 和 `push_str()` 方法向其中添加字符串数据。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/references/strings.md:44 msgid "" -"You might point out how some specific characters are being used when in a " -"pattern" +"The `format!()` macro is a convenient way to generate an owned string from dynamic " +"values. It accepts the same format specification as `println!()`." msgstr "" -"你可以解释一些用于表达模式的特殊字符的用法 \\*`|` 表示或 (or) \\*`..` 可以展" -"开为任意一个或多个值 \\*`1..=5` 代表了一个闭区间范围" +"`format!()` 宏可以方便地动态生成拥有所有权的字符串。它接受和 `println!()` 相同的格式规" +"范。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "`|` as an `or`" +#: src/references/strings.md:47 +msgid "" +"You can borrow `&str` slices from `String` via `&` and optionally range selection. If " +"you select a byte range that is not aligned to character boundaries, the expression will " +"panic. The `chars` iterator iterates over characters and is preferred over trying to get " +"character boundaries right." msgstr "" -"解释模式匹配中的绑定的原理可能会很有帮助。比如可以用一个变量替代外卡，或者去" -"除 `q` 外面的引号。" +"您可以通过 `&` 和范围选择（可选）来从 `String` 借用 `&str` slice。如果选择的字节范围未与" +"字符边界对齐，则表达式会 panic。`chars` 迭代器会迭代字符，比尝试正确获取字符边界更为推" +"荐。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "`..` can expand as much as it needs to be" -msgstr "你可以展示如何匹配一个引用。" - -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "`1..=5` represents an inclusive range" +#: src/references/strings.md:52 +msgid "" +"For C++ programmers: think of `&str` as `std::string_view` from C++, but the one that " +"always points to a valid string in memory. Rust `String` is a rough equivalent of `std::" +"string` from C++ (main difference: it can only contain UTF-8 encoded bytes and will " +"never use a small-string optimization)." msgstr "" -"现在是一个讲解不可反驳 (irrefutable) 模式的好时机。因为这个术语可能会出现在错" -"误信息中。" +"对于 C++ 程序员：可以把 `&str` 当作 C++ 中的 `const char*`，但是它总是指向内存中的一个有" +"效字符串。 Rust 的 `String` 大致相当于 C++ 中 `std::string` （主要区别：它只能包含 " +"UTF-8 编码的字节， 并且永远不会使用小字符串优化（small-string optimization））。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md -msgid "`_` is a wild card" -msgstr "“\\_”是通配符" +#: src/references/strings.md:57 +msgid "Byte strings literals allow you to create a `&[u8]` value directly:" +msgstr "字节串可以用于直接创建 `&[u8]` 类型的值：" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md +#: src/references/strings.md:67 msgid "" -"Match guards as a separate syntax feature are important and necessary when " -"we wish to concisely express more complex ideas than patterns alone would " -"allow." +"Raw strings allow you to create a `&str` value with escapes disabled: `r\"\\n\" == \"\\" +"\\n\"`. You can embed double-quotes by using an equal amount of `#` on either side of " +"the quotes:" msgstr "" -"有些想法比模式本身所允许的程度更加复杂，如果我们希望简要地表达这些想法，就必" -"须把匹配守卫视为独立的语法功能。" +"原始字符串可在创建 `&str` 时禁用转义：`r\"\\n\" == \"\\\\n\"`。可以在外层引号两侧添加相同" +"数量的 `#`，以在字符串中嵌入双引号：" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md +#: src/references/exercise.md:3 msgid "" -"They are not the same as separate `if` expression inside of the match arm. " -"An `if` expression inside of the branch block (after `=>`) happens after the " -"match arm is selected. Failing the `if` condition inside of that block won't " -"result in other arms of the original `match` expression being considered." -msgstr "" -"它们与匹配分支中的单独“if”表达式不同。选择匹配分支后，分支块内（在“=>”之后）" -"会出现“if”表达式。如果该分支块内的“if”条件失败，系统不会考虑原始“match”表达式" -"的其他分支。" +"We will create a few utility functions for 3-dimensional geometry, representing a point " +"as `[f64;3]`. It is up to you to determine the function signatures." +msgstr "我们将为三维几何图形创建几个实用函数，将点表示为 `[f64;3]`。函数签名由您自行确定。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md +#: src/references/exercise.md:7 msgid "" -"The condition defined in the guard applies to every expression in a pattern " -"with an `|`." -msgstr "只要表达式在包含“|”的模式中，就会适用守卫定义的条件。" +"// Calculate the magnitude of a vector by summing the squares of its coordinates // and " +"taking the square root. Use the `sqrt()` method to calculate the square // root, like `v." +"sqrt()`." +msgstr "" +"// 通过将坐标的平方相加并取平方根来计算向量的大小。使用 `sqrt()` 方法来计算平方根，就像 " +"`v.sqrt()` 一样。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md +#: src/references/exercise.md:15 msgid "" -"Destructuring is a way of extracting data from a data structure by writing a " -"pattern that is matched up to the data structure, binding variables to " -"subcomponents of the data structure." -msgstr "" -"解构是一种从数据结构中提取数据的方法，具体方法是编写与数据结构匹配的模式，将" -"变量绑定到数据结构的子组件。" +"// Normalize a vector by calculating its magnitude and dividing all of its // " +"coordinates by that magnitude." +msgstr "// 通过计算向量的大小并将所有坐标除以该大小来对向量进行归一化。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "You can destructure tuples and arrays by matching on their elements:" -msgstr "你可以通过元素匹配来解构数组、元组和切片：" +#: src/references/exercise.md:23 +msgid "// Use the following `main` to test your work." +msgstr "// 使用以下 main 函数来测试你的代码。" + +#: src/references/exercise.md:27 src/references/solution.md:22 +msgid "\"Magnitude of a unit vector: {}\"" +msgstr "\"Magnitude of a unit vector: {}\"" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md -msgid "\"on Y axis\"" -msgstr "\"on Y axis\"" +#: src/references/exercise.md:30 src/references/solution.md:25 +msgid "\"Magnitude of {v:?}: {}\"" +msgstr "\"Magnitude of {v:?}: {}\"" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md -msgid "\"on X axis\"" -msgstr "\"on X axis\"" +#: src/references/exercise.md:32 src/references/solution.md:27 +msgid "\"Magnitude of {v:?} after normalization: {}\"" +msgstr "\"Magnitude of {v:?} after normalization: {}\"" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md -msgid "\"left of Y axis\"" -msgstr "\"left of Y axis\"" +#: src/references/solution.md:4 +msgid "/// Calculate the magnitude of the given vector." +msgstr "/// 计算给定向量的大小。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md -msgid "\"below X axis\"" -msgstr "\"below X axis\"" +#: src/references/solution.md:12 +msgid "/// Change the magnitude of the vector to 1.0 without changing its direction." +msgstr "/// 将向量的大小更改为 1.0，但不改变其方向。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md -msgid "\"first quadrant\"" -msgstr "\"first quadrant\"" +#: src/user-defined-types.md src/methods-and-traits.md src/lifetimes.md +msgid "This segment should take about 50 minutes. It contains:" +msgstr "这个部分应该花费 50 分钟。它包括：" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md -msgid "\"Tell me about {triple:?}\"" -msgstr "\"Tell me about {triple:?}\"" +#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md:3 +msgid "Like C and C++, Rust has support for custom structs:" +msgstr "与 C 和 C++ 一样，Rust 支持自定义结构体：" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md -msgid "\"First is 0, y = {y}, and z = {z}\"" -msgstr "\"First is 0, y = {y}, and z = {z}\"" +#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md:12 +msgid "\"{} is {} years old\"" +msgstr "\"{} is {} years old\"" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md -msgid "\"First is 1 and the rest were ignored\"" -msgstr "\"First is 1 and the rest were ignored\"" +#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md:16 +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:87 +msgid "\"Peter\"" +msgstr "\"Peter\"" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md -msgid "\"All elements were ignored\"" -msgstr "\"All elements were ignored\"" +#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md:22 +msgid "\"Avery\"" +msgstr "\"Avery\"" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "Create a new array pattern using `_` to represent an element." -msgstr "使用 `_` 创建一个新的模式来代表一个元素。" +#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md:27 +msgid "\"Jackie\"" +msgstr "\"Jackie\"" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md -msgid "Add more values to the array." -msgstr "向数组中添加更多的值。" +#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md:35 src/user-defined-types/enums.md:29 +#: src/pattern-matching/match.md:38 src/methods-and-traits/methods.md:69 +msgid "Key Points:" +msgstr "关键点：" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md -msgid "" -"Point out that how `..` will expand to account for different number of " -"elements." -msgstr "指出 `..` 是如何扩展以适应不同数量的元素的。" +#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md:37 +msgid "Structs work like in C or C++." +msgstr "结构体的运作方式与使用 C 或 C++ 时类似。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md -msgid "Show matching against the tail with patterns `[.., b]` and `[a@..,b]`" -msgstr "展示使用模式 `[.., b]` 和 `[a@..,b]` 来匹配切片的尾部。" +#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md:38 +msgid "Like in C++, and unlike in C, no typedef is needed to define a type." +msgstr "不需要 typedef 即可定义类型，这与使用 C++ 类似，但与使用 C 不同。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md -msgid "Arrays can contain other arrays:" -msgstr "数组可以包含其他数组：" +#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md:39 +msgid "Unlike in C++, there is no inheritance between structs." +msgstr "与使用 C++ 不同的是，结构体之间没有继承关系。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "What is the type of this variable?" -msgstr "每个循环中的“word”是什么类型？" +#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md:40 +msgid "This may be a good time to let people know there are different types of structs." +msgstr "这或许是一个让人们了解有不同类型的结构体的好时机。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md:42 msgid "" -"Use an array such as the above to write a function `transpose` which will " -"transpose a matrix (turn rows into columns):" +"Zero-sized structs (e.g. `struct Foo;`) might be used when implementing a trait on some " +"type but don’t have any data that you want to store in the value itself." msgstr "" -"使用以上知识，写一个用易读的格式输出矩阵的 `pretty_print` 函数，以及一个对矩" -"阵进行转置（将行和列互换）的 `transpose` 函数：" +"零大小的结构体（例如 `struct Foo;`）可能在为某种类型实现 trait 时使用，但在值本身中没有任" +"何要存储的数据。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md -msgid "Hard-code both functions to operate on 3 × 3 matrices." -msgstr "硬编码这两个函数，让它们处理 3 × 3 的矩阵。" +#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md:45 +msgid "" +"The next slide will introduce Tuple structs, used when the field names are not important." +msgstr "下一张幻灯片将介绍元组结构体，当字段名称不重要时使用。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md +#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md:47 msgid "" -"Copy the code below to and implement the " -"functions:" -msgstr "将下面的代码复制到 并实现上述函数：" +"If you already have variables with the right names, then you can create the struct using " +"a shorthand." +msgstr "如果您已有名称正确的变量，则可以使用简写形式创建结构体。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md src/borrowing/exercise.md -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "// TODO: remove this when you're done with your implementation." -msgstr "// TODO: remove this when you're done with your implementation.\n" +#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md:49 +msgid "" +"The syntax `..avery` allows us to copy the majority of the fields from the old struct " +"without having to explicitly type it all out. It must always be the last element." +msgstr "" +"语法 `..avery` 允许我们从旧结构体中复制大多数字段，而无需显式地逐个输入。它必须始终作为最" +"后一个元素。" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md -msgid "// <-- the comment makes rustfmt add a newline\n" -msgstr "// <-- the comment makes rustfmt add a newline\n" +#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md:7 +msgid "If the field names are unimportant, you can use a tuple struct:" +msgstr "如果字段名称不重要，您可以使用元组结构体：" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md -msgid "\"matrix: {:#?}\"" -msgstr "\"matrix: {:#?}\"" +#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md:14 +msgid "\"({}, {})\"" +msgstr "\"({}, {})\"" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md -msgid "\"transposed: {:#?}\"" -msgstr "\"transposed: {:#?}\"" +#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md:18 +msgid "This is often used for single-field wrappers (called newtypes):" +msgstr "这通常用于单字段封装容器（称为 newtype）：" -#: src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md -msgid "//\n" -msgstr "//\n" +#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md:25 +msgid "\"Ask a rocket scientist at NASA\"" +msgstr "\"Ask a rocket scientist at NASA\"" -#: src/references.md -msgid "[Shared References](./references/shared.md) (10 minutes)" -msgstr "" +#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md:29 +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md:50 +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md:14 +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/cancellation.md:99 +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/cancellation.md:102 +msgid "// ..." +msgstr "// ..." -#: src/references.md -msgid "[Exclusive References](./references/exclusive.md) (10 minutes)" -msgstr "" +#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md:41 +msgid "" +"Newtypes are a great way to encode additional information about the value in a primitive " +"type, for example:" +msgstr "如需对基元类型中的值的额外信息进行编码，使用 newtype 是一种非常好的方式，例如：" -#: src/references.md -msgid "[Exercise: Geometry](./references/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" -msgstr "" +#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md:43 +msgid "The number is measured in some units: `Newtons` in the example above." +msgstr "数字会以某些单位来衡量：上方示例中为 `Newtons`。" -#: src/references.md src/user-defined-types.md src/pattern-matching.md -msgid "This segment should take about 50 minutes" +#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md:44 +msgid "" +"The value passed some validation when it was created, so you no longer have to validate " +"it again at every use: `PhoneNumber(String)` or `OddNumber(u32)`." msgstr "" +"这个值在创建时通过了一些验证，因此你不需要在每次使用时重新验证它：`PhoneNumber(String)` " +"或 `OddNumber(u32)`。" -#: src/references/shared.md +#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md:47 msgid "" -"A reference provides a way to access another value without taking " -"responsibility for the value, and is also called \"borrowing\". Shared " -"references are read-only, and the referenced data cannot change." -msgstr "" -"引用提供了一种可以访问另一个值但无需对该值负责的方式，也被称为 “借用”。共享引" -"用处于只读状态，且引用的数据无法更改。" +"Demonstrate how to add a `f64` value to a `Newtons` type by accessing the single field " +"in the newtype." +msgstr "展示如何通过访问 newtype 中的单个字段，将 `f64` 值添加到 `Newtons` 类型。" -#: src/references/shared.md +#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md:49 msgid "" -"A shared reference to a type `T` has type `&T`. A reference value is made " -"with the `&` operator. The `*` operator \"dereferences\" a reference, " -"yielding its value." -msgstr "" -"对类型 `T` 的共享引用表示为 `&T`。可以使用 `&` 运算符创建引用值。`*` 运算符" -"会 “解引用”某个引用，并得到该引用值。" +"Rust generally doesn’t like inexplicit things, like automatic unwrapping or for instance " +"using booleans as integers." +msgstr "Rust 通常不喜欢不明确的内容，例如自动解封或将布尔值用作整数。" -#: src/references/shared.md -msgid "Rust will statically forbid dangling references:" -msgstr "Rust 会静态禁止悬垂引用：" +#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md:51 +msgid "Operator overloading is discussed on Day 3 (generics)." +msgstr "运算符过载在第 3 天（泛型）讨论。" + +#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md:52 +msgid "The example is a subtle reference to the Mars Climate Orbiter failure." +msgstr "这个例子巧妙地提到了火星气候轨道器的失败。" -#: src/references/shared.md +#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md:3 msgid "" -"A reference is said to \"borrow\" the value it refers to, and this is a good " -"model for students not familiar with pointers: code can use the reference to " -"access the value, but is still \"owned\" by the original variable. The " -"course will get into more detail on ownership in day 3." -msgstr "" -"引用被称为 “借用”了其所引用的值，这对于不熟悉指针的学生来说是一个很好的模型：" -"代码可以通过引用来访问值，但原始变量仍然保有对该值的 “所有权”。本课程会在第 " -"3 天详细介绍所有权。" - -#: src/references/shared.md -msgid "" -"References are implemented as pointers, and a key advantage is that they can " -"be much smaller than the thing they point to. Students familiar with C or C+" -"+ will recognize references as pointers. Later parts of the course will " -"cover how Rust prevents the memory-safety bugs that come from using raw " -"pointers." -msgstr "" -"引用是以指针的形式实现的，其关键优势在于它们可以比其所指的内容小得多。熟悉 C " -"或 C++ 的学生会将引用视为指针。本课程的后续部分将介绍 Rust 如何防止因使用原始" -"指针而导致的内存安全 bug。" - -#: src/references/shared.md -msgid "" -"Rust does not automatically create references for you - the `&` is always " -"required." -msgstr "Rust 不会自动为您创建引用，必须始终使用 `&` 符号。" - -#: src/references/shared.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"Rust will auto-dereference in some cases, in particular when invoking " -"methods (try `r.count_ones()`). There is no need for an `->` operator like " -"in C++." -msgstr "" -"Rust 有时会进行自动解引用。比如调用方法 `ref_x.count_ones()` 时，ref_x 会被解" -"引用。" - -#: src/references/shared.md -msgid "" -"In this example, `r` is mutable so that it can be reassigned (`r = &b`). " -"Note that this re-binds `r`, so that it refers to something else. This is " -"different from C++, where assignment to a reference changes the referenced " -"value." -msgstr "" -"在本例中，`r` 是可变的，因此可以为其重新赋值 (`r = &b`)。请注意，这会重新绑" -"定 `r`，使其引用其他内容。这与 C++ 不同，在 C++ 中为引用赋值会更改引用的值。" - -#: src/references/shared.md -msgid "" -"A shared reference does not allow modifying the value it refers to, even if " -"that value was mutable. Try `*r = 'X'`." -msgstr "共享引用不允许修改其所引用的值，即使该值是可变的。请尝试 `*r = 'X'`。" - -#: src/references/shared.md -msgid "" -"Rust is tracking the lifetimes of all references to ensure they live long " -"enough. Dangling references cannot occur in safe Rust. `x_axis` would return " -"a reference to `point`, but `point` will be deallocated when the function " -"returns, so this will not compile." -msgstr "" -"Rust 会跟踪所有引用的生命周期，以确保它们存在足够长的时间。在安全的 Rust 中不" -"会出现悬空引用。`x_axis` 会返回对 `point` 的引用，但 `point` 会在该函数返回时" -"取消分配，因此不会进行编译。" - -#: src/references/shared.md -msgid "We will talk more about borrowing when we get to ownership." -msgstr "我们会在讲到所有权（ownership）时详细讨论借用（borrow）。" - -#: src/references/exclusive.md -msgid "" -"Exclusive references, also known as mutable references, allow changing the " -"value they refer to. They have type `&mut T`." -msgstr "" -"独占引用（也称为可变引用）允许更改其所引用的值。它们的类型为 `&mut T`。" - -#: src/references/exclusive.md -msgid "" -"\"Exclusive\" means that only this reference can be used to access the " -"value. No other references (shared or exclusive) can exist at the same time, " -"and the referenced value cannot be accessed while the exclusive reference " -"exists. Try making an `&point.0` or changing `point.0` while `x_coord` is " -"alive." -msgstr "" -"“独占模式”表示只有此引用可用于访问该值。在独占引用存在期间，不允许同时存在其" -"他引用（无论是共享引用还是独占引用），并且无法访问引用的值。请尝试在 " -"`x_coord` 处于活动状态时创建 `&point.0` 或更改 `point.0`。" - -#: src/references/exclusive.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"Be sure to note the difference between `let mut x_coord: &i32` and `let " -"x_coord: &mut i32`. The first one represents a shared reference which can be " -"bound to different values, while the second represents an exclusive " -"reference to a mutable value." -msgstr "" -"注意 `let mut ref_x: &i32` 与 `let ref_x: &mut i32` 之间的区别。第一条语句声" -"明了一个可变引用，所以我们可以修改这个引用所绑定的值；第二条语句声明了一个指" -"向可变变量的引用。" - -#: src/references/exercise.md -msgid "" -"We will create a few utility functions for 3-dimensional geometry, " -"representing a point as `[f64;3]`. It is up to you to determine the function " -"signatures." -msgstr "" -"我们将为三维几何图形创建几个实用函数，将点表示为 `[f64;3]`。函数签名由您自行" -"确定。" - -#: src/references/exercise.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"// Calculate the magnitude of a vector by summing the squares of its " -"coordinates" -msgstr "/// Calculate the magnitude of the given vector.\n" - -#: src/references/exercise.md -msgid "" -"// and taking the square root. Use the `sqrt()` method to calculate the " -"square" -msgstr "" - -#: src/references/exercise.md -msgid "// root, like `v.sqrt()`." -msgstr "" - -#: src/references/exercise.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"// Normalize a vector by calculating its magnitude and dividing all of its" -msgstr "" -"// Normalize a vector by calculating its magnitude and dividing all of its\n" -"// coordinates by that magnitude.\n" - -#: src/references/exercise.md -msgid "// coordinates by that magnitude." -msgstr "" - -#: src/references/exercise.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "// Use the following `main` to test your work." -msgstr "// Use the following `main` to test your work.\n" - -#: src/references/exercise.md src/references/solution.md -msgid "\"Magnitude of a unit vector: {}\"" -msgstr "\"Magnitude of a unit vector: {}\"" - -#: src/references/exercise.md src/references/solution.md -msgid "\"Magnitude of {v:?}: {}\"" -msgstr "\"Magnitude of {v:?}: {}\"" - -#: src/references/exercise.md src/references/solution.md -msgid "\"Magnitude of {v:?} after normalization: {}\"" -msgstr "\"Magnitude of {v:?} after normalization: {}\"" - -#: src/references/solution.md -msgid "/// Calculate the magnitude of the given vector.\n" -msgstr "/// Calculate the magnitude of the given vector.\n" - -#: src/references/solution.md -msgid "" -"/// Change the magnitude of the vector to 1.0 without changing its " -"direction.\n" -msgstr "" -"/// Change the magnitude of the vector to 1.0 without changing its " -"direction.\n" - -#: src/user-defined-types.md -msgid "[Named Structs](./user-defined-types/named-structs.md) (10 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/user-defined-types.md -msgid "[Tuple Structs](./user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md) (10 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/user-defined-types.md -msgid "[Enums](./user-defined-types/enums.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/user-defined-types.md -msgid "" -"[Static and Const](./user-defined-types/static-and-const.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/user-defined-types.md -msgid "[Type Aliases](./user-defined-types/aliases.md) (2 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/user-defined-types.md -msgid "" -"[Exercise: Elevator Events](./user-defined-types/exercise.md) (15 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md -msgid "Like C and C++, Rust has support for custom structs:" -msgstr "与 C 和 C++ 一样，Rust 支持自定义结构体：" - -#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md -msgid "\"{} is {} years old\"" -msgstr "\"{} is {} years old\"" - -#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md -msgid "\"Peter\"" -msgstr "\"Peter\"" - -#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md -msgid "\"Avery\"" -msgstr "\"Avery\"" - -#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md -msgid "\"Jackie\"" -msgstr "\"Jackie\"" - -#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md -msgid "Structs work like in C or C++." -msgstr "结构体的运作方式与使用 C 或 C++ 时类似。" - -#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md -msgid "Like in C++, and unlike in C, no typedef is needed to define a type." -msgstr "不需要 typedef 即可定义类型，这与使用 C++ 类似，但与使用 C 不同。" - -#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md -msgid "Unlike in C++, there is no inheritance between structs." -msgstr "与使用 C++ 不同的是，结构体之间没有继承关系。" - -#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"This may be a good time to let people know there are different types of " -"structs." -msgstr "这时可能很适合告诉学员存在不同类型的结构体。" - -#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"Zero-sized structs (e.g. `struct Foo;`) might be used when implementing a " -"trait on some type but don’t have any data that you want to store in the " -"value itself." -msgstr "" -"针对某类型实现 trait 时，可能会使用大小为零的结构体 `e.g., struct Foo;`，但其" -"中没有任何您要储存在值本身中的数据。" - -#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md -msgid "" -"The next slide will introduce Tuple structs, used when the field names are " -"not important." -msgstr "下一张幻灯片将介绍元组结构体，当字段名称不重要时使用。" - -#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"If you already have variables with the right names, then you can create the " -"struct using a shorthand." -msgstr "如果您已有名称正确的变量，则可以使用简写形式创建结构体：" - -#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"The syntax `..avery` allows us to copy the majority of the fields from the " -"old struct without having to explicitly type it all out. It must always be " -"the last element." -msgstr "" -"通过语法“..peter”，我们可以从旧结构体复制大部分字段，而无需明确地输入所有字" -"段。它必须始终是最后一个元素。" - -#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md -msgid "If the field names are unimportant, you can use a tuple struct:" -msgstr "如果字段名称不重要，您可以使用元组结构体：" - -#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md -msgid "\"({}, {})\"" -msgstr "\"({}, {})\"" - -#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md -msgid "This is often used for single-field wrappers (called newtypes):" -msgstr "这通常用于单字段封装容器（称为 newtype）：" - -#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md -msgid "\"Ask a rocket scientist at NASA\"" -msgstr "\"Ask a rocket scientist at NASA\"" - -#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md -#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "// ..." -msgstr "// ...\n" - -#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md -msgid "" -"Newtypes are a great way to encode additional information about the value in " -"a primitive type, for example:" -msgstr "" -"如需对基元类型中的值的额外信息进行编码，使用 newtype 是一种非常好的方式，例" -"如：" - -#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md -msgid "The number is measured in some units: `Newtons` in the example above." -msgstr "数字会以某些单位来衡量：上方示例中为 `Newtons`。" - -#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"The value passed some validation when it was created, so you no longer have " -"to validate it again at every use: `PhoneNumber(String)` or `OddNumber(u32)`." -msgstr "" -"值在创建时已通过一些验证，因此您不再需要在每次使用时都再次验证它：" -"`PhoneNumber(String)` 或 `OddNumber(u32)`。" - -#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md -msgid "" -"Demonstrate how to add a `f64` value to a `Newtons` type by accessing the " -"single field in the newtype." -msgstr "" -"展示如何通过访问 newtype 中的单个字段，将 `f64` 值添加到 `Newtons` 类型。" - -#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md -msgid "" -"Rust generally doesn’t like inexplicit things, like automatic unwrapping or " -"for instance using booleans as integers." -msgstr "Rust 通常不喜欢不明确的内容，例如自动解封或将布尔值用作整数。" - -#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md -msgid "Operator overloading is discussed on Day 3 (generics)." -msgstr "运算符过载在第 3 天（泛型）讨论。" - -#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md -msgid "" -"The example is a subtle reference to the [Mars Climate Orbiter](https://en." -"wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Climate_Orbiter) failure." -msgstr "" -"此示例巧妙地引用了[火星气候探测者号](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/" -"%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%B0%A3%E5%80%99%E6%8E%A2%E6%B8%AC%E8%80%85%E8%99%9F) 的" -"失败事故。" - -#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md -msgid "" -"The `enum` keyword allows the creation of a type which has a few different " -"variants:" +"The `enum` keyword allows the creation of a type which has a few different variants:" msgstr "`enum` 关键字允许创建具有几个 不同变体的类型：" -#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md:15 msgid "// Simple variant" -msgstr "// Simple variant\n" +msgstr "// Simple variant" -#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md:16 msgid "// Tuple variant" -msgstr "// Tuple variant\n" +msgstr "// Tuple variant" -#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md:17 msgid "// Struct variant" -msgstr "// Struct variant\n" +msgstr "// Struct variant" -#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md +#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md:22 msgid "\"On this turn: {:?}\"" msgstr "\"On this turn: {:?}\"" -#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md:31 msgid "Enumerations allow you to collect a set of values under one type." -msgstr "枚举允许你从一种类型下收集一组值" +msgstr "枚举允许你从一种类型下收集一组值。" -#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md +#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md:32 msgid "" -"`Direction` is a type with variants. There are two values of `Direction`: " -"`Direction::Left` and `Direction::Right`." +"`Direction` is a type with variants. There are two values of `Direction`: `Direction::" +"Left` and `Direction::Right`." msgstr "" +"`Direction` 是一个带有变体的类型。`Direction` 有两个值：`Direction::Left` 和 `Direction::" +"Right`。" -#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md:34 msgid "" -"`PlayerMove` is a type with three variants. In addition to the payloads, " -"Rust will store a discriminant so that it knows at runtime which variant is " -"in a `PlayerMove` value." +"`PlayerMove` is a type with three variants. In addition to the payloads, Rust will store " +"a discriminant so that it knows at runtime which variant is in a `PlayerMove` value." msgstr "" -"PlayerMove 会显示三种类型的变体。Rust 还会存储判别标识，以便在运行时确定值中" -"包含哪个变体。" +"`PlayerMove` 是一个带有三个变体的类型。除了载荷外，Rust 还会存储一个判别标志，以便在运行" +"时知道 `PlayerMove` 值中的哪个变体。" -#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md:37 msgid "This might be a good time to compare structs and enums:" -msgstr "这可能是比较结构体和枚举的好时机：" +msgstr "这可能是一个比较结构体和枚举的好时机：" -#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md:38 msgid "" -"In both, you can have a simple version without fields (unit struct) or one " -"with different types of fields (variant payloads)." +"In both, you can have a simple version without fields (unit struct) or one with " +"different types of fields (variant payloads)." msgstr "" -"在这两者中，你可以获得一个不含字段的简单版本（单位结构体），或一个包含不同类" -"型字段的版本（变体载荷）。" +"在两者中，你都可以有一个没有字段的简单版本（单元结构体），或者一个具有不同类型字段的版本" +"（变体载荷）。" -#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md:40 msgid "" -"You could even implement the different variants of an enum with separate " -"structs but then they wouldn’t be the same type as they would if they were " -"all defined in an enum." +"You could even implement the different variants of an enum with separate structs but " +"then they wouldn’t be the same type as they would if they were all defined in an enum." msgstr "" -"你甚至可以使用单独的结构体实现枚举的不同变体，但这样一来，如果它们都已在枚举" -"中定义，类型与之前也不一样。" +"你甚至可以使用单独的结构体实现枚举的不同变体，但如果它们都在枚举中定义，那么它们将不是相" +"同的类型。" -#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md +#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md:43 msgid "Rust uses minimal space to store the discriminant." msgstr "Rust 使用最小的空间来存储判标识。" -#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md +#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md:44 msgid "If necessary, it stores an integer of the smallest required size" msgstr "如有必要，它会存储所需最小大小的整数" -#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md +#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md:45 msgid "" -"If the allowed variant values do not cover all bit patterns, it will use " -"invalid bit patterns to encode the discriminant (the \"niche " -"optimization\"). For example, `Option<&u8>` stores either a pointer to an " -"integer or `NULL` for the `None` variant." +"If the allowed variant values do not cover all bit patterns, it will use invalid bit " +"patterns to encode the discriminant (the \"niche optimization\"). For example, " +"`Option<&u8>` stores either a pointer to an integer or `NULL` for the `None` variant." msgstr "" -"如果允许的变体值未涵盖所有位模式，则它将使用无效的位模式对判别标识进行编码" -"（“小众优化”）。例如，`Option<&u8>` 存储的要么是指向整数的指针，要么是 " -"`None` 变体的 `NULL` 值。" +"如果允许的变体值未涵盖所有位模式，则它将使用无效的位模式对判别标识进行编码（“小众优" +"化”）。例如，`Option<&u8>` 存储的要么是指向整数的指针，要么是 `None` 变体的 `NULL` 值。" -#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"You can control the discriminant if needed (e.g., for compatibility with C):" -msgstr "你可以根据需要控制判别（例如，与 C 的兼容性）：" +#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md:49 +msgid "You can control the discriminant if needed (e.g., for compatibility with C):" +msgstr "如果需要的话，你可以控制判别标志（例如，与 C 兼容性）：" -#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"Without `repr`, the discriminant type takes 2 bytes, because 10001 fits 2 " -"bytes." -msgstr "" -"如果不使用 `repr`，判别类型会占用 2 个字节，因为 10001 是一个 2 个字节的数" -"值。" +#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md:67 +msgid "Without `repr`, the discriminant type takes 2 bytes, because 10001 fits 2 bytes." +msgstr "如果没有 `repr`，判别标志类型占用 2 字节，因为 10001 可以用 2 字节表示。" -#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md -#: src/memory-management/review.md src/memory-management/move.md -#: src/smart-pointers/box.md src/borrowing/shared.md +#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md:70 src/user-defined-types/static.md:27 +#: src/memory-management/review.md:51 src/memory-management/move.md:100 +#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md:57 src/smart-pointers/box.md:85 +#: src/borrowing/shared.md:33 msgid "More to Explore" msgstr "探索更多" -#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md -msgid "" -"Rust has several optimizations it can employ to make enums take up less " -"space." +#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md:72 +msgid "Rust has several optimizations it can employ to make enums take up less space." msgstr "Rust 具有多种优化措施，可以减少枚举占用的空间。" -#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md:74 msgid "" -"Null pointer optimization: For [some types](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" -"option/#representation), Rust guarantees that `size_of::()` equals " +"Null pointer optimization: For some types, Rust guarantees that `size_of::()` equals " "`size_of::>()`." msgstr "" -"Null 指针优化：对于[某些 类型](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/option/" -"#representation)，Rust 保证 `size_of::()` 等效于 `size_of::" -">()`。" - -#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"Example code if you want to show how the bitwise representation _may_ look " -"like in practice. It's important to note that the compiler provides no " -"guarantees regarding this representation, therefore this is totally unsafe." -msgstr "" -"如果你想展示位表示方式在实践中“可能”会是什么样子，请参考示例代码。 请务必注" -"意，编译器对此表示法不提供任何保证，因此这是完全不安全的。" - -#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"Static and constant variables are two different ways to create globally-" -"scoped values that cannot be moved or reallocated during the execution of " -"the program." -msgstr "" -"静态变量和常量是创建全局范围值的两种不同方法，这类值在程序执行期间无法移动或" -"重新分配。" - -#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md -msgid "`const`" -msgstr "`const`" - -#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md -msgid "" -"Constant variables are evaluated at compile time and their values are " -"inlined wherever they are used:" -msgstr "系统会在编译时对常量变量进行求值；无论在何处使用，其值都会被内嵌：" - -#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md -msgid "" -"According to the [Rust RFC Book](https://rust-lang.github.io/rfcs/0246-const-" -"vs-static.html) these are inlined upon use." -msgstr "" -"根据 [Rust RFC Book](https://rust-lang.github.io/rfcs/0246-const-vs-static." -"html) 这些变量在使用时是内联 (inlined) 的。" +"Null 指针优化：对于某些类型，Rust 保证 `size_of::()` 等于 `size_of::>()`。" -#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md +#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md:78 msgid "" -"Only functions marked `const` can be called at compile time to generate " -"`const` values. `const` functions can however be called at runtime." +"Example code if you want to show how the bitwise representation _may_ look like in " +"practice. It's important to note that the compiler provides no guarantees regarding this " +"representation, therefore this is totally unsafe." msgstr "" -"在编译时只能调用标记为“const”的函数以生成“const”值。不过，可在运行时调" -"用“const”函数。" +"如果你想展示位表示在实践中*可能*是什么样子的示例代码，以下是一个例子。重要的是要注意，编" +"译器不对这种表示提供任何保证，因此这是完全不安全的。" -#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md +#: src/user-defined-types/static.md:1 msgid "`static`" msgstr "`static`" -#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md +#: src/user-defined-types/static.md:3 msgid "" -"Static variables will live during the whole execution of the program, and " -"therefore will not move:" +"Static variables will live during the whole execution of the program, and therefore will " +"not move:" msgstr "静态变量在程序的整个执行过程中始终有效，因此不会移动：" -#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/user-defined-types/static.md:7 msgid "\"Welcome to RustOS 3.14\"" -msgstr "欢迎来到第一天" +msgstr "“欢迎来到RustOS 3.14”" -#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md +#: src/user-defined-types/static.md:10 msgid "\"{BANNER}\"" msgstr "\"{BANNER}\"" -#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/user-defined-types/static.md:14 msgid "" -"As noted in the [Rust RFC Book](https://rust-lang.github.io/rfcs/0246-const-" -"vs-static.html), these are not inlined upon use and have an actual " -"associated memory location. This is useful for unsafe and embedded code, and " -"the variable lives through the entirety of the program execution. When a " -"globally-scoped value does not have a reason to need object identity, " -"`const` is generally preferred." +"As noted in the Rust RFC Book, these are not inlined upon use and have an actual " +"associated memory location. This is useful for unsafe and embedded code, and the " +"variable lives through the entirety of the program execution. When a globally-scoped " +"value does not have a reason to need object identity, `const` is generally preferred." msgstr "" -"正如 [Rust RFC Book](https://rust-lang.github.io/rfcs/0246-const-vs-static." -"html) 中所述，这些变量在使用时并不是内联的，而且还具有实际相关联的内存位置。" +"正如 Rust RFC Book 中所述，这些变量在使用时并不是内联的，而且还具有实际相关联的内存位置。" "这对于不安全的嵌入式代码是有用的，并且这些变量存在于整个程序的执行过程之中。" -#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md -msgid "Mention that `const` behaves semantically similar to C++'s `constexpr`." -msgstr "值得一提的是，`const` 在语义上与C++的 `constexpr` 类似。" +#: src/user-defined-types/static.md:23 +msgid "`static` is similar to mutable global variables in C++." +msgstr "`static` 类似于C++中的 `const` 或可改变的全局变量。" -#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md +#: src/user-defined-types/static.md:24 msgid "" -"`static`, on the other hand, is much more similar to a `const` or mutable " -"global variable in C++." -msgstr "另一方面，`static` 远远更类似于C++中的 `const` 或可改变的全局变量。" - -#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"`static` provides object identity: an address in memory and state as " -"required by types with interior mutability such as `Mutex`." -msgstr "" -"“static”提供对象标识：内存中的一个地址及具有内部可变性的类型（如“Mutex\n" -"\n" -"”）所需的状态。" +"`static` provides object identity: an address in memory and state as required by types " +"with interior mutability such as `Mutex`." +msgstr "`static` 提供对象标识：内存中的地址和类型内部可变性所需的状态，例如 `Mutex`。" -#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md +#: src/user-defined-types/static.md:29 msgid "" -"It isn't super common that one would need a runtime evaluated constant, but " -"it is helpful and safer than using a static." +"Because `static` variables are accessible from any thread, they must be `Sync`. Interior " +"mutability is possible through a `Mutex`, atomic or similar." msgstr "" -"虽然需要使用在运行中求值的常量的情况并不是很常见，但是它是有帮助的，而且比使" -"用静态变量更安全。" - -#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md -msgid "Properties table:" -msgstr "属性表：" - -#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md -msgid "Property" -msgstr "属性" - -#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "Static" -msgstr "`static`" - -#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md -msgid "Constant" -msgstr "常量" - -#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md -msgid "Has an address in memory" -msgstr "在内存中有地址" - -#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md -msgid "Yes" -msgstr "是" +"因为 `static` 变量可以从任何线程访问，所以它们必须是 `Sync` 的。内部可变性可以通过 " +"`Mutex`、原子类型或类似的方式实现。" -#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md -msgid "No (inlined)" -msgstr "否（内嵌）" - -#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "Lives for the entire duration of the program" -msgstr "`main` 函数是程序的入口。" - -#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md -msgid "No" -msgstr "否" +#: src/user-defined-types/static.md:34 +msgid "Thread-local data can be created with the macro `std::thread_local`." +msgstr "可以使用宏 `std::thread_local` 创建线程局部数据。" -#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md -msgid "Can be mutable" -msgstr "可变" +#: src/user-defined-types/const.md:1 +msgid "`const`" +msgstr "`const`" -#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md -msgid "Yes (unsafe)" -msgstr "是（不安全）" +#: src/user-defined-types/const.md:3 +msgid "" +"Constants are evaluated at compile time and their values are inlined wherever they are " +"used:" +msgstr "常量在编译时进行评估，并且它们的值在使用的地方被内联：" -#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "Evaluated at compile time" -msgstr "值在编译时具有已知的固定大小。" +#: src/user-defined-types/const.md:26 +msgid "According to the Rust RFC Book these are inlined upon use." +msgstr "根据 Rust RFC Book 这些变量在使用时是内联 (inlined) 的。" -#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md -msgid "Yes (initialised at compile time)" -msgstr "是（在编译时被初始化）" +#: src/user-defined-types/const.md:28 +msgid "" +"Only functions marked `const` can be called at compile time to generate `const` values. " +"`const` functions can however be called at runtime." +msgstr "" +"在编译时只能调用标记为“const”的函数以生成“const”值。不过，可在运行时调用“const”函数。" -#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md -msgid "Inlined wherever it is used" -msgstr "内嵌在使用它的任何位置" +#: src/user-defined-types/const.md:33 +msgid "Mention that `const` behaves semantically similar to C++'s `constexpr`" +msgstr "值得一提的是，`const` 在语义上与C++的 `constexpr` 类似" -#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/user-defined-types/const.md:34 msgid "" -"Because `static` variables are accessible from any thread, they must be " -"`Sync`. Interior mutability is possible through a [`Mutex`](https://doc.rust-" -"lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html), atomic or similar." +"It isn't super common that one would need a runtime evaluated constant, but it is " +"helpful and safer than using a static." msgstr "" -"由于“static”变量可从任何线程访问，因此它们必须是“Sync”。内部可变性可通过[“互" -"斥量”](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html)、原子性或类似对" -"象实现。也可能具有可变静态项，但它们需要手动同步，因此对它们的任何访问都需" -"要“unsafe”代码。我们将在“不安全 Rust”章节中探讨[可变静态项](../unsafe/" -"mutable-static-variables.md)。" - -#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "Thread-local data can be created with the macro `std::thread_local`." -msgstr "可以使用宏“std::thread_local”创建“thread_local”数据。" +"虽然需要使用在运行中求值的常量的情况并不是很常见，但是它是有帮助的，而且比使用静态变量更" +"安全。" -#: src/user-defined-types/aliases.md +#: src/user-defined-types/aliases.md:3 msgid "" -"A type alias creates a name for another type. The two types can be used " -"interchangeably." +"A type alias creates a name for another type. The two types can be used interchangeably." msgstr "类型别名为另一种类型创建名称。这两种类型可以互换使用。" -#: src/user-defined-types/aliases.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/user-defined-types/aliases.md:13 msgid "// Aliases are more useful with long, complex types:" -msgstr "// Aliases are more useful with long, complex types:\n" +msgstr "// 当使用长而复杂的类型时，别名更加有用：" -#: src/user-defined-types/aliases.md +#: src/user-defined-types/aliases.md:23 msgid "C programmers will recognize this as similar to a `typedef`." msgstr "C 语言程序员会认为这类似于 `typedef`。" -#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md +#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md:3 msgid "" -"We will create a data structure to represent an event in an elevator control " -"system. It is up to you to define the types and functions to construct " -"various events. Use `#[derive(Debug)]` to allow the types to be formatted " -"with `{:?}`." +"We will create a data structure to represent an event in an elevator control system. It " +"is up to you to define the types and functions to construct various events. Use " +"`#[derive(Debug)]` to allow the types to be formatted with `{:?}`." msgstr "" -"我们将创建一个数据结构来表示电梯控制系统中的事件。您可以自行定义用于构造各种" -"事件的类型和函数。使用 `#[derive(Debug)]` 以允许通过 `{:?}` 设置类型格式。" +"我们将创建一个数据结构来表示电梯控制系统中的事件。您可以自行定义用于构造各种事件的类型和" +"函数。使用 `#[derive(Debug)]` 以允许通过 `{:?}` 设置类型格式。" -#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md:7 msgid "" -"This exercise only requires creating and populating data structures so that " -"`main` runs without errors. The next part of the course will cover getting " -"data out of these structures." +"This exercise only requires creating and populating data structures so that `main` runs " +"without errors. The next part of the course will cover getting data out of these " +"structures." msgstr "" -"此次练习只需创建数据结构。本课程的下一部分将介绍如何从这些结构中获取数据。" +"这个练习只需要创建和填充数据结构，使得 main 函数能够正常运行。课程的下一部分将涵盖如何从" +"这些结构中获取数据。" -#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md -msgid "" -"/// An event in the elevator system that the controller must react to.\n" -msgstr "" -"/// An event in the elevator system that the controller must react to.\n" +#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md:12 src/user-defined-types/solution.md:4 +msgid "/// An event in the elevator system that the controller must react to." +msgstr "/// 电梯系统中控制器必须做出反应的事件。" -#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md:15 msgid "// TODO: add required variants" -msgstr "// Tuple variant\n" +msgstr "// TODO: 添加所需的变体" -#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md -msgid "/// A direction of travel.\n" -msgstr "/// A direction of travel.\n" +#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md:17 src/user-defined-types/solution.md:22 +msgid "/// A direction of travel." +msgstr "/// 移动方向。" -#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md -msgid "/// The car has arrived on the given floor.\n" -msgstr "/// The car has arrived on the given floor.\n" +#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md:24 src/user-defined-types/solution.md:39 +msgid "/// The car has arrived on the given floor." +msgstr "/// 电梯已经到达了指定的楼层。" -#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md -msgid "/// The car doors have opened.\n" -msgstr "/// The car doors have opened.\n" +#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md:29 src/user-defined-types/solution.md:44 +msgid "/// The car doors have opened." +msgstr "/// 电梯门已打开。" -#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md -msgid "/// The car doors have closed.\n" -msgstr "/// The car doors have closed.\n" +#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md:34 src/user-defined-types/solution.md:49 +msgid "/// The car doors have closed." +msgstr "/// 电梯门已关闭。" -#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md -msgid "" -"/// A directional button was pressed in an elevator lobby on the given " -"floor.\n" -msgstr "" -"/// A directional button was pressed in an elevator lobby on the given " -"floor.\n" +#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md:39 src/user-defined-types/solution.md:54 +msgid "/// A directional button was pressed in an elevator lobby on the given floor." +msgstr "/// 在指定楼层的电梯大厅按下了一个方向按钮。" -#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md -msgid "/// A floor button was pressed in the elevator car.\n" -msgstr "/// A floor button was pressed in the elevator car.\n" +#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md:44 src/user-defined-types/solution.md:59 +msgid "/// A floor button was pressed in the elevator car." +msgstr "/// 在电梯车厢内按下了一个楼层按钮。" -#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md +#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md:52 src/user-defined-types/solution.md:67 msgid "\"A ground floor passenger has pressed the up button: {:?}\"" msgstr "\"A ground floor passenger has pressed the up button: {:?}\"" -#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md +#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md:55 src/user-defined-types/solution.md:70 msgid "\"The car has arrived on the ground floor: {:?}\"" msgstr "\"The car has arrived on the ground floor: {:?}\"" -#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md +#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md:56 src/user-defined-types/solution.md:71 msgid "\"The car door opened: {:?}\"" msgstr "\"The car door opened: {:?}\"" -#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md +#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md:58 src/user-defined-types/solution.md:73 msgid "\"A passenger has pressed the 3rd floor button: {:?}\"" msgstr "\"A passenger has pressed the 3rd floor button: {:?}\"" -#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md +#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md:61 src/user-defined-types/solution.md:76 msgid "\"The car door closed: {:?}\"" msgstr "\"The car door closed: {:?}\"" -#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md +#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md:62 src/user-defined-types/solution.md:77 msgid "\"The car has arrived on the 3rd floor: {:?}\"" msgstr "\"The car has arrived on the 3rd floor: {:?}\"" -#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md -msgid "/// A button was pressed.\n" -msgstr "/// A button was pressed.\n" +#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md:7 +msgid "/// A button was pressed." +msgstr "/// 按下了一个按钮。" -#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md -msgid "/// The car has arrived at the given floor.\n" -msgstr "/// The car has arrived at the given floor.\n" +#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md:10 +msgid "/// The car has arrived at the given floor." +msgstr "/// 电梯已经到达了指定的楼层。" -#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md -msgid "/// The car's doors have opened.\n" -msgstr "/// The car's doors have opened.\n" +#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md:13 +msgid "/// The car's doors have opened." +msgstr "/// 电梯门已打开。" -#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md -msgid "/// The car's doors have closed.\n" -msgstr "/// The car's doors have closed.\n" +#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md:16 +msgid "/// The car's doors have closed." +msgstr "/// 电梯门已关闭。" -#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md -msgid "/// A floor is represented as an integer.\n" -msgstr "/// A floor is represented as an integer.\n" +#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md:19 +msgid "/// A floor is represented as an integer." +msgstr "/// 一个楼层用一个整数表示。" -#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md -msgid "/// A user-accessible button.\n" -msgstr "/// A user-accessible button.\n" +#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md:29 +msgid "/// A user-accessible button." +msgstr "/// 一个用户可访问的按钮。" -#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md -msgid "/// A button in the elevator lobby on the given floor.\n" -msgstr "/// A button in the elevator lobby on the given floor.\n" +#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md:33 +msgid "/// A button in the elevator lobby on the given floor." +msgstr "/// 在指定楼层的电梯大厅的按钮。" -#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md -msgid "/// A floor button within the car.\n" -msgstr "/// A floor button within the car.\n" +#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md:36 +msgid "/// A floor button within the car." +msgstr "/// 电梯内的楼层按钮。" #: src/welcome-day-2.md msgid "Welcome to Day 2" msgstr "欢迎来到第二天" #: src/welcome-day-2.md -#, fuzzy msgid "" -"Now that we have seen a fair amount of Rust, today will focus on Rust's type " -"system:" -msgstr "现在我们已经了解了相当多的Rust，接下来我们将学习：" +"Now that we have seen a fair amount of Rust, today will focus on Rust's type system:" +msgstr "现在我们已经了解了相当多的Rust，今天我们将学习Rust 的类型系统：" #: src/welcome-day-2.md -#, fuzzy msgid "Pattern matching: extracting data from structures." -msgstr "模式匹配：解构枚举、结构体和数组（array）。" +msgstr "模式匹配：从结构体中取出数据。" #: src/welcome-day-2.md msgid "Methods: associating functions with types." @@ -5064,2259 +4332,2216 @@ msgid "Generics: parameterizing types on other types." msgstr "泛型：对其他类型进行类型参数化。" #: src/welcome-day-2.md -msgid "" -"Standard library types and traits: a tour of Rust's rich standard library." +msgid "Standard library types and traits: a tour of Rust's rich standard library." msgstr "标准库类型和特征：探索 Rust 丰富的标准库。" -#: src/welcome-day-2.md -msgid "[Welcome](./welcome-day-2.md) (3 minutes)" -msgstr "" +#: src/welcome-day-2.md src/welcome-day-4-afternoon.md +msgid "" +"Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 2 hours and 10 minutes. It " +"contains:" +msgstr "包括 10 分钟的休息，这部分应该花费 2 小时 10 分钟。它包括：" -#: src/welcome-day-2.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "[Pattern Matching](./pattern-matching.md) (50 minutes)" -msgstr "如需详细了解 Rust 中的模式，请参阅[模式匹配](../pattern-matching.md)。" +#: src/pattern-matching.md src/memory-management.md +msgid "This segment should take about 1 hour. It contains:" +msgstr "这部分应该花费 1 小时。它包括：" -#: src/welcome-day-2.md -msgid "[Methods and Traits](./methods-and-traits.md) (40 minutes)" +#: src/pattern-matching/match.md:3 +msgid "" +"The `match` keyword lets you match a value against one or more _patterns_. The " +"comparisons are done from top to bottom and the first match wins." msgstr "" +"使用关键词 `match` 对一个值进行一个或多个模式匹配。进行匹配时，会从上至下依次进行比较，并" +"选定第一个匹配成功的结果。" -#: src/welcome-day-2.md -msgid "[Generics](./generics.md) (40 minutes)" -msgstr "" +#: src/pattern-matching/match.md:6 +msgid "The patterns can be simple values, similarly to `switch` in C and C++:" +msgstr "模式（pattern）可以是简单的值，其用法类似于 C 与 C++ 中的 `switch` ：" -#: src/pattern-matching.md -msgid "[Destructuring](./pattern-matching/destructuring.md) (10 minutes)" +#: src/pattern-matching/match.md:11 +msgid "'x'" +msgstr "'x'" + +#: src/pattern-matching/match.md:13 +msgid "'q'" +msgstr "'q'" + +#: src/pattern-matching/match.md:13 +msgid "\"Quitting\"" +msgstr "\"Quitting\"" + +#: src/pattern-matching/match.md:14 src/generics/exercise.md:15 src/generics/solution.md:17 +#: src/std-traits/solution.md:16 src/error-handling/exercise.md:60 +#: src/error-handling/exercise.md:75 src/error-handling/solution.md:60 +#: src/error-handling/solution.md:75 +msgid "'a'" +msgstr "'a'" + +#: src/pattern-matching/match.md:14 +msgid "'s'" +msgstr "'s'" + +#: src/pattern-matching/match.md:14 +msgid "'w'" +msgstr "'w'" + +#: src/pattern-matching/match.md:14 +msgid "'d'" +msgstr "'d'" + +#: src/pattern-matching/match.md:14 +msgid "\"Moving around\"" +msgstr "\"Moving around\"" + +#: src/pattern-matching/match.md:15 src/error-handling/exercise.md:51 +#: src/error-handling/exercise.md:60 src/error-handling/exercise.md:74 +#: src/error-handling/solution.md:51 src/error-handling/solution.md:60 +#: src/error-handling/solution.md:74 +msgid "'0'" +msgstr "'0'" + +#: src/pattern-matching/match.md:15 src/error-handling/exercise.md:51 +#: src/error-handling/exercise.md:60 src/error-handling/exercise.md:74 +#: src/error-handling/solution.md:51 src/error-handling/solution.md:60 +#: src/error-handling/solution.md:74 +msgid "'9'" +msgstr "'9'" + +#: src/pattern-matching/match.md:15 +msgid "\"Number input\"" +msgstr "\"Number input\"" + +#: src/pattern-matching/match.md:16 +msgid "\"Lowercase: {key}\"" +msgstr "\"Lowercase: {key}\"" + +#: src/pattern-matching/match.md:17 +msgid "\"Something else\"" +msgstr "\"Something else\"" + +#: src/pattern-matching/match.md:22 +msgid "" +"The `_` pattern is a wildcard pattern which matches any value. The expressions _must_ be " +"exhaustive, meaning that it covers every possibility, so `_` is often used as the final " +"catch-all case." msgstr "" +"`_` 模式是与任何值匹配的通配符模式。表达式*必须*不可反驳，即其涵盖了所有可能性，因此通常" +"将 `_` 用作最终的万能符。" -#: src/pattern-matching.md -msgid "[Let Control Flow](./pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md) (10 minutes)" +#: src/pattern-matching/match.md:26 +msgid "" +"Match can be used as an expression. Just like `if`, each match arm must have the same " +"type. The type is the last expression of the block, if any. In the example above, the " +"type is `()`." msgstr "" +"匹配可以用来当作表达式。与 `if` 类似，每个匹配分支必须有相同的类型。该类型是块的最后一个 " +"表达式（如有）。在上例中，类型是 `()`。" -#: src/pattern-matching.md +#: src/pattern-matching/match.md:30 +msgid "" +"A variable in the pattern (`key` in this example) will create a binding that can be used " +"within the match arm." +msgstr "模式中的变量（本例中为 `key`）将创建一个可在匹配分支内使用的绑定。" + +#: src/pattern-matching/match.md:33 +msgid "A match guard causes the arm to match only if the condition is true." +msgstr "只有当条件为真时，保护语句才能使分支匹配成功。" + +#: src/pattern-matching/match.md:40 +msgid "You might point out how some specific characters are being used when in a pattern" +msgstr "你可以解释一些用于表达模式的特殊字符的用法" + +#: src/pattern-matching/match.md:42 +msgid "`|` as an `or`" +msgstr "`|` 用作 `or`" + +#: src/pattern-matching/match.md:43 +msgid "`..` can expand as much as it needs to be" +msgstr "`..` 可以按需拓展" + +#: src/pattern-matching/match.md:44 +msgid "`1..=5` represents an inclusive range" +msgstr "`1..=5` 表示范围内的全部" + +#: src/pattern-matching/match.md:45 +msgid "`_` is a wild card" +msgstr "`_`是通配符" + +#: src/pattern-matching/match.md:47 msgid "" -"[Exercise: Expression Evaluation](./pattern-matching/exercise.md) (30 " -"minutes)" +"Match guards as a separate syntax feature are important and necessary when we wish to " +"concisely express more complex ideas than patterns alone would allow." msgstr "" +"有些想法比模式本身所允许的程度更加复杂，如果我们希望简要地表达这些想法，就必须把匹配守卫" +"视为独立的语法功能。" -#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md -msgid "Like tuples, structs and enums can also be destructured by matching:" -msgstr "与元组一样，结构体和枚举也可以通过匹配方式进行解构：" +#: src/pattern-matching/match.md:49 +msgid "" +"They are not the same as separate `if` expression inside of the match arm. An `if` " +"expression inside of the branch block (after `=>`) happens after the match arm is " +"selected. Failing the `if` condition inside of that block won't result in other arms of " +"the original `match` expression being considered." +msgstr "" +"它们与匹配分支中的单独“if”表达式不同。选择匹配分支后，分支块内（在“=>”之后）会出现“if”表" +"达式。如果该分支块内的“if”条件失败，系统不会考虑原始“match”表达式的其他分支。" + +#: src/pattern-matching/match.md:53 +msgid "" +"The condition defined in the guard applies to every expression in a pattern with an `|`." +msgstr "只要表达式在包含“|”的模式中，就会适用守卫定义的条件。" -#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md +#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-structs.md:1 msgid "Structs" msgstr "结构体" -#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md +#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-structs.md:3 +msgid "Like tuples, Struct can also be destructured by matching:" +msgstr "与元组一样，结构体和枚举也可以通过匹配方式进行解构：" + +#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-structs.md:15 msgid "\"x.0 = 1, b = {b}, y = {y}\"" msgstr "\"x.0 = 1, b = {b}, y = {y}\"" -#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md +#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-structs.md:16 msgid "\"y = 2, x = {i:?}\"" msgstr "\"y = 2, x = {i:?}\"" -#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md +#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-structs.md:17 msgid "\"y = {y}, other fields were ignored\"" msgstr "\"y = {y}, other fields were ignored\"" -#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md +#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-structs.md:25 +msgid "Change the literal values in `foo` to match with the other patterns." +msgstr "更改“foo”中的字面量值以与其他模式相匹配。" + +#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-structs.md:26 +msgid "Add a new field to `Foo` and make changes to the pattern as needed." +msgstr "向“Foo”添加一个新字段，并根据需要更改模式。" + +#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-structs.md:27 msgid "" -"Patterns can also be used to bind variables to parts of your values. This is " -"how you inspect the structure of your types. Let us start with a simple " -"`enum` type:" +"The distinction between a capture and a constant expression can be hard to spot. Try " +"changing the `2` in the second arm to a variable, and see that it subtly doesn't work. " +"Change it to a `const` and see it working again." msgstr "" -"模式还可用于将变量绑定到值的某些部分。这是您检查类型结构的方式。我们先从简单" -"的“enum”类型开始：" +"捕获和常量表达式之间的区别可能很难发现。尝试将第二个分支中的“2”更改为一个变量，可以看到它" +"几乎无法运作了。将它更改为“const”，可以看到它又正常运作了。" -#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md +#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-enums.md:3 +msgid "Like tuples, enums can also be destructured by matching:" +msgstr "与元组一样，结构体和枚举也可以通过匹配方式进行解构：" + +#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-enums.md:5 +msgid "" +"Patterns can also be used to bind variables to parts of your values. This is how you " +"inspect the structure of your types. Let us start with a simple `enum` type:" +msgstr "" +"模式还可用于将变量绑定到值的某些部分。这是您检查类型结构的方式。我们先从简单的“enum”类型" +"开始：" + +#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-enums.md:18 msgid "\"cannot divide {n} into two equal parts\"" msgstr "\"cannot divide {n} into two equal parts\"" -#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md +#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-enums.md:25 msgid "\"{n} divided in two is {half}\"" msgstr "\"{n} divided in two is {half}\"" -#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md +#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-enums.md:26 msgid "\"sorry, an error happened: {msg}\"" msgstr "\"sorry, an error happened: {msg}\"" -#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md -msgid "" -"Here we have used the arms to _destructure_ the `Result` value. In the first " -"arm, `half` is bound to the value inside the `Ok` variant. In the second " -"arm, `msg` is bound to the error message." -msgstr "" -"在这里，我们使用了分支来解构“Result”值。在第一个分支中，“half”被绑定到“Ok”变" -"体中的值。在第二个分支中，“msg”被绑定到错误消息。" - -#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md -msgid "Change the literal values in `foo` to match with the other patterns." -msgstr "更改“foo”中的字面量值以与其他模式相匹配。" - -#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md -msgid "Add a new field to `Foo` and make changes to the pattern as needed." -msgstr "向“Foo”添加一个新字段，并根据需要更改模式。" - -#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md +#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-enums.md:31 msgid "" -"The distinction between a capture and a constant expression can be hard to " -"spot. Try changing the `2` in the second arm to a variable, and see that it " -"subtly doesn't work. Change it to a `const` and see it working again." +"Here we have used the arms to _destructure_ the `Result` value. In the first arm, `half` " +"is bound to the value inside the `Ok` variant. In the second arm, `msg` is bound to the " +"error message." msgstr "" -"捕获和常量表达式之间的区别可能很难发现。尝试将第二个分支中的“2”更改为一个变" -"量，可以看到它几乎无法运作了。将它更改为“const”，可以看到它又正常运作了。" +"在这里，我们使用了分支来解构“Result”值。在第一个分支中，“half”被绑定到“Ok”变体中的值。在" +"第二个分支中，“msg”被绑定到错误消息。" -#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md +#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-enums.md:38 msgid "" -"The `if`/`else` expression is returning an enum that is later unpacked with " -"a `match`." +"The `if`/`else` expression is returning an enum that is later unpacked with a `match`." msgstr "“if”/“else”表达式将返回一个枚举，该枚举之后会使用“match”进行解封装。" -#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md +#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-enums.md:40 msgid "" -"You can try adding a third variant to the enum definition and displaying the " -"errors when running the code. Point out the places where your code is now " -"inexhaustive and how the compiler tries to give you hints." +"You can try adding a third variant to the enum definition and displaying the errors when " +"running the code. Point out the places where your code is now inexhaustive and how the " +"compiler tries to give you hints." msgstr "" -"您可以尝试在枚举定义中添加第三个变体，并在运行代码时显示错误。指出代码现在有" -"哪些地方还不详尽，并说明编译器会如何尝试给予提示。" +"您可以尝试在枚举定义中添加第三个变体，并在运行代码时显示错误。指出代码现在有哪些地方还不" +"详尽，并说明编译器会如何尝试给予提示。" -#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"The values in the enum variants can only be accessed after being pattern " -"matched." -msgstr "" -"枚举变体中的值只有在被模式匹配后，才可访问。模式将引用绑定到 `=>` 之后" -"的“match 分支”中的字段。" +#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-enums.md:43 +msgid "The values in the enum variants can only be accessed after being pattern matched." +msgstr "只有经过模式匹配后，才能访问枚举变量中的值。" -#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-enums.md:45 msgid "" -"Demonstrate what happens when the search is inexhaustive. Note the advantage " -"the Rust compiler provides by confirming when all cases are handled." +"Demonstrate what happens when the search is inexhaustive. Note the advantage the Rust " +"compiler provides by confirming when all cases are handled." msgstr "" -"展示搜索不详尽时会发生的情况。请注意 Rust 编译器的优势，即确认所有情况何时都" -"得到了处理。" +"演示当搜索不完全时会发生什么。注意 Rust 编译器通过确认所有情况是否都已处理而提供的优势。" -#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md +#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-enums.md:47 msgid "" -"Save the result of `divide_in_two` in the `result` variable and `match` it " -"in a loop. That won't compile because `msg` is consumed when matched. To fix " -"it, match `&result` instead of `result`. That will make `msg` a reference so " -"it won't be consumed. This [\"match ergonomics\"](https://rust-lang.github." -"io/rfcs/2005-match-ergonomics.html) appeared in Rust 2018. If you want to " -"support older Rust, replace `msg` with `ref msg` in the pattern." +"Save the result of `divide_in_two` in the `result` variable and `match` it in a loop. " +"That won't compile because `msg` is consumed when matched. To fix it, match `&result` " +"instead of `result`. That will make `msg` a reference so it won't be consumed. This " +"\"match ergonomics\" appeared in Rust 2018. If you want to support older Rust, replace " +"`msg` with `ref msg` in the pattern." msgstr "" +"将 `divide_in_two` 的结果保存在 `result` 变量中，然后在循环中与之匹配。这将无法编译，因为" +"匹配时会消耗 `msg`。要解决这个问题，可以匹配 `&result` 而不是 `result`。这将使 `msg` 成为" +"引用，因此它不会被消耗。这种 “匹配人体工程学 ”出现在 Rust 2018 中。如果你想支持旧版 " +"Rust，请在模式中将 `msg` 替换为 `ref msg`。" -#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md +#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md:3 msgid "" -"Rust has a few control flow constructs which differ from other languages. " -"They are used for pattern matching:" +"Rust has a few control flow constructs which differ from other languages. They are used " +"for pattern matching:" msgstr "Rust 有几个与其他语言不同的控制流结构。它们用于模式匹配：" -#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md +#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md:6 src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md:10 msgid "`if let` expressions" msgstr "`if let` 表达式" -#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "`while let` expressions" -msgstr "while let 表达式" +#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md:7 src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md:32 +msgid "`let else` expressions" +msgstr "`let else` 表达式" -#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md -msgid "`match` expressions" -msgstr "`match` 表达式" +#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md:8 +msgid "`while let` expressions" +msgstr "`while let` 表达式" -#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md +#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md:12 msgid "" -"The [`if let` expression](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/if-" -"expr.html#if-let-expressions) lets you execute different code depending on " -"whether a value matches a pattern:" -msgstr "" -"[`if let` 表达式](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/if-expr." -"html#if-let-expressions) 能让你根据某个值是否与模式相匹配来执行不同的代码：" +"The `if let` expression lets you execute different code depending on whether a value " +"matches a pattern:" +msgstr "`if let` 表达式可让您根据值是否与模式匹配执行不同的代码：" -#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md +#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md:22 msgid "\"slept for {:?}\"" msgstr "\"slept for {:?}\"" -#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "`let else` expressions" -msgstr "while let 表达式" - -#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md +#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md:34 msgid "" -"For the common case of matching a pattern and returning from the function, " -"use [`let else`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/flow_control/" -"let_else.html). The \"else\" case must diverge (`return`, `break`, or panic " -"- anything but falling off the end of the block)." +"For the common case of matching a pattern and returning from the function, use `let " +"else`. The \"else\" case must diverge (`return`, `break`, or panic - anything but " +"falling off the end of the block)." msgstr "" -"如需了解匹配模式并从函数返回的常见情况，请使用 [`let else`](https://doc.rust-" -"lang.org/rust-by-example/flow_control/let_else.html)。\"else\" 分支必须执行不" -"同的结束方式（例如，`return`、`break` 或 `panic`，但不能直接执行到代码块的末" -"尾）。" +"对于匹配模式并从函数返回的常见情况，使用 `let else`。else “情况必须偏离" +"（”return“、”break “或 ”panic”——除了从代码块末尾掉落之外的任何情况）。" -#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md +#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md:44 src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md:107 msgid "\"got None\"" msgstr "\"got None\"" -#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md:50 src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md:111 msgid "\"got empty string\"" msgstr "\"got empty string\"" -#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md +#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md:56 src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md:115 msgid "\"not a hex digit\"" msgstr "\"not a hex digit\"" -#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md src/pattern-matching/solution.md +#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md:61 src/pattern-matching/solution.md:113 msgid "\"result: {:?}\"" msgstr "\"result: {:?}\"" -#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md src/generics/trait-bounds.md -#: src/smart-pointers/solution.md src/testing/googletest.md -#: src/testing/solution.md +#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md:61 src/generics/trait-bounds.md:16 +#: src/smart-pointers/solution.md:87 src/smart-pointers/solution.md:90 +#: src/testing/solution.md:83 src/android/testing.md src/android/testing/googletest.md:11 +#: src/android/testing/googletest.md:12 msgid "\"foo\"" msgstr "\"foo\"" -#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md +#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md:65 msgid "" -"Like with `if let`, there is a [`while let`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" -"reference/expressions/loop-expr.html#predicate-pattern-loops) variant which " -"repeatedly tests a value against a pattern:" -msgstr "" -"与 `if let` 一样，[`while let`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/" -"expressions/loop-expr.html#predicate-pattern-loops) 变体会针对一个模式重复测" -"试一个值：" +"Like with `if let`, there is a `while let` variant which repeatedly tests a value " +"against a pattern:" +msgstr "与 `if let` 一样，`while let` 变体会针对一个模式重复测试一个值：" -#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md:81 msgid "" -"Here [`String::pop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/string/struct." -"String.html#method.pop) returns `Some(c)` until the string is empty, after " -"which it will return `None`. The `while let` lets us keep iterating through " -"all items." +"Here `String::pop` returns `Some(c)` until the string is empty, after which it will " +"return `None`. The `while let` lets us keep iterating through all items." msgstr "" -"在这里，每次 调用 `next()` 时，`v.iter()` 返回的迭代器都会返回一个 " -"`Option`。它将一直返回 `Some(x)`，直到完成。 之后它将返回 `None`。" -"`while let`能让我们持续迭代所有项。" +"在这里，`String::pop` 返回 `Some(c)` 直到字符串为空，之后将返回 `None`。`while let` 让我" +"们继续遍历所有项目。" -#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md:89 msgid "if-let" msgstr "if-let" -#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md:91 msgid "" -"Unlike `match`, `if let` does not have to cover all branches. This can make " -"it more concise than `match`." -msgstr "与 `match` 不同的是，`if let` 不支持模式匹配的 guard 子句。" +"Unlike `match`, `if let` does not have to cover all branches. This can make it more " +"concise than `match`." +msgstr "与 `match` 不同，`if let` 不必覆盖所有分支。这使它比 `match` 更简洁。" -#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md +#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md:93 msgid "A common usage is handling `Some` values when working with `Option`." msgstr "使用 `Option` 时，常见的做法是处理 `Some` 值。" -#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md -msgid "" -"Unlike `match`, `if let` does not support guard clauses for pattern matching." +#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md:94 +msgid "Unlike `match`, `if let` does not support guard clauses for pattern matching." msgstr "与 `match` 不同的是，`if let` 不支持模式匹配的 guard 子句。" -#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md +#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md:96 msgid "let-else" msgstr "let-else" -#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md:98 msgid "" -"`if-let`s can pile up, as shown. The `let-else` construct supports " -"flattening this nested code. Rewrite the awkward version for students, so " -"they can see the transformation." +"`if-let`s can pile up, as shown. The `let-else` construct supports flattening this " +"nested code. Rewrite the awkward version for students, so they can see the " +"transformation." msgstr "" -"`if-let` 可以堆叠使用，如下所示。`let-else` 结构支持展平此嵌套代码。将不通顺" -"的版本重写，以便学生们能够理解其中的变化。" +"如图所示，`if-let` 会堆积如山。`let-else`结构支持将这些嵌套代码扁平化。为学生重写这个笨拙" +"的版本，让他们看到代码的转变。" -#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md +#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md:102 msgid "The rewritten version is:" msgstr "重写后的版本为：" -#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md:122 msgid "while-let" msgstr "while-let" -#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md +#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md:124 msgid "" -"Point out that the `while let` loop will keep going as long as the value " -"matches the pattern." +"Point out that the `while let` loop will keep going as long as the value matches the " +"pattern." msgstr "指出只要值与模式匹配，`while let` 循环就会一直进行下去。" -#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md:126 msgid "" -"You could rewrite the `while let` loop as an infinite loop with an if " -"statement that breaks when there is no value to unwrap for `name.pop()`. The " -"`while let` provides syntactic sugar for the above scenario." +"You could rewrite the `while let` loop as an infinite loop with an if statement that " +"breaks when there is no value to unwrap for `name.pop()`. The `while let` provides " +"syntactic sugar for the above scenario." msgstr "" -"你可以使用 if 语句将 `while let` 循环重写为无限循环，当 `iter.next()` 没有值" -"可以解封时中断。`while let` 为上述情况提供了语法糖。" +"您可以将 `while let` 循环重写为带有 if 语句的无限循环，该语句会在 `name.pop()` 没有值时中" +"断。`while let` 为上述情况提供了语法糖。" -#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md:3 msgid "Let's write a simple recursive evaluator for arithmetic expressions." -msgstr "为算术表达式编写一个简单的递归评估器。先从定义二进制操作的枚举开始：" +msgstr "为算术表达式编写一个简单的递归评估器。先从定义二进制操作的枚举开始。" -#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md:5 msgid "" -"The `Box` type here is a smart pointer, and will be covered in detail later " -"in the course. An expression can be \"boxed\" with `Box::new` as seen in the " -"tests. To evaluate a boxed expression, use the deref operator (`*`) to " -"\"unbox\" it: `eval(*boxed_expr)`." +"The `Box` type here is a smart pointer, and will be covered in detail later in the " +"course. An expression can be \"boxed\" with `Box::new` as seen in the tests. To evaluate " +"a boxed expression, use the deref operator (`*`) to \"unbox\" it: `eval(*boxed_expr)`." msgstr "" -"这里的 `Box` 类型是智能指针，本课程稍后会详细介绍。可以使用 `Box::new` 对表达" -"式进行 “封装”操作，如测试中所示。如需对已封装的表达式求值，请使用 deref 运算" -"符将其 “解封装”：`eval(*boxed_expr)`。" +"这里的 `Box` 类型是智能指针，本课程稍后会详细介绍。可以使用 `Box::new` 对表达式进行 “封" +"装”操作，如测试中所示。如需对已封装的表达式求值，请使用 deref 运算符将其 “解封装”：" +"`eval(*boxed_expr)`。" -#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md:10 msgid "" "Some expressions cannot be evaluated and will return an error. The standard " -"[`Result`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/result/enum.Result." -"html) type is an enum that represents either a successful value " -"(`Ok(Value)`) or an error (`Err(String)`). We will cover this type in detail " -"later." +"`Result` type is an enum that represents either a successful value " +"(`Ok(Value)`) or an error (`Err(String)`). We will cover this type in detail later." msgstr "" -"部分表达式无法求值，将返回错误。`Res` 类型表示有效值或错误消息。这与我们后面" -"将看到的标准库的“Result”非常类似。" +"有些表达式无法求值，会返回错误。标准的 `Result` 类型是一个枚举，代表成功的" +"值（`Ok(Value)`）或错误（`Err(String)`）。我们将在后面详细介绍这种类型。" -#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md +#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md:15 msgid "" -"Copy and paste the code into the Rust playground, and begin implementing " -"`eval`. The final product should pass the tests. It may be helpful to use " -"`todo!()` and get the tests to pass one-by-one. You can also skip a test " -"temporarily with `#[ignore]`:" +"Copy and paste the code into the Rust playground, and begin implementing `eval`. The " +"final product should pass the tests. It may be helpful to use `todo!()` and get the " +"tests to pass one-by-one. You can also skip a test temporarily with `#[ignore]`:" msgstr "" -"将代码复制粘贴到 Rust Playground，然后开始实现 `eval`。最终结果应能通过测试。" -"使用 `todo!()` 并使测试逐个通过可能会很有帮助。您还可以使用 `#[ignore]` 暂时" -"跳过测试：" +"将代码复制粘贴到 Rust Playground，然后开始实现 `eval`。最终结果应能通过测试。使用 `todo!" +"()` 并使测试逐个通过可能会很有帮助。您还可以使用 `#[ignore]` 暂时跳过测试：" -#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md:26 msgid "" -"If you finish early, try writing a test that results in division by zero or " -"integer overflow. How could you handle this with `Result` instead of a panic?" +"If you finish early, try writing a test that results in division by zero or integer " +"overflow. How could you handle this with `Result` instead of a panic?" msgstr "" -"如果提前完成测试，请尝试编写一项可导致被零除或整数溢出的测试。如何使用 `Res::" -"Err` 而非 panic 来应对这种情况？" +"如果您提前完成了测试，请尝试编写一个会导致除以零或整数溢出的测试。如何用 `Result` 而不是 " +"panic 来处理？" -#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md src/pattern-matching/solution.md -msgid "/// An operation to perform on two subexpressions.\n" -msgstr "/// An operation to perform on two subexpressions.\n" +#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md:30 src/pattern-matching/solution.md:4 +msgid "/// An operation to perform on two subexpressions." +msgstr "/// 对两个子表达式执行的操作。" -#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md src/pattern-matching/solution.md -msgid "/// An expression, in tree form.\n" -msgstr "/// An expression, in tree form.\n" +#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md:38 src/pattern-matching/solution.md:12 +msgid "/// An expression, in tree form." +msgstr "/// 一个树形表达式。" -#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md src/pattern-matching/solution.md -msgid "/// An operation on two subexpressions.\n" -msgstr "/// An operation on two subexpressions.\n" +#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md:42 src/pattern-matching/solution.md:16 +msgid "/// An operation on two subexpressions." +msgstr "/// 对两个子表达式进行操作。" -#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md src/pattern-matching/solution.md -msgid "/// A literal value\n" -msgstr "/// A literal value\n" +#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md:45 src/pattern-matching/solution.md:19 +msgid "/// A literal value" +msgstr "/// 一个字面值" -#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md src/pattern-matching/solution.md +#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md:104 src/pattern-matching/solution.md:40 +#: src/pattern-matching/solution.md:102 msgid "\"division by zero\"" msgstr "\"division by zero\"" -#: src/pattern-matching/solution.md +#: src/pattern-matching/solution.md:112 msgid "\"expr: {:?}\"" msgstr "\"expr: {:?}\"" -#: src/methods-and-traits.md -msgid "[Methods](./methods-and-traits/methods.md) (10 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/methods-and-traits.md -msgid "[Traits](./methods-and-traits/traits.md) (10 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/methods-and-traits.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "[Deriving](./methods-and-traits/deriving.md) (3 minutes)" -msgstr "" -"如需详细了解 Rust 中 的模式，请参阅[模式匹配](../pattern-matching.md)。" - -#: src/methods-and-traits.md -msgid "" -"[Exercise: Generic Logger](./methods-and-traits/exercise.md) (20 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/methods-and-traits.md src/generics.md src/modules.md -msgid "This segment should take about 40 minutes" -msgstr "" - -#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md +#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md:3 msgid "" -"Rust allows you to associate functions with your new types. You do this with " -"an `impl` block:" +"Rust allows you to associate functions with your new types. You do this with an `impl` " +"block:" msgstr "Rust 允许您将函数与新类型相关联。您可以使用“impl”块来执行此操作：" -#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md:14 msgid "// No receiver, a static method" -msgstr "// No receiver, a static method\n" +msgstr "// 没有接收器，是一个静态方法" -#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md:19 msgid "// Exclusive borrowed read-write access to self" -msgstr "// Exclusive borrowed read-write access to self\n" +msgstr "// 独有地借用自我的读写访问权限" -#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md:24 msgid "// Shared and read-only borrowed access to self" -msgstr "// Shared and read-only borrowed access to self\n" +msgstr "// 共享和只读借用自我的访问权限" -#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md +#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md:26 msgid "\"Recorded {} laps for {}:\"" msgstr "\"Recorded {} laps for {}:\"" -#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md +#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md:28 msgid "\"Lap {idx}: {lap} sec\"" msgstr "\"Lap {idx}: {lap} sec\"" -#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md:32 msgid "// Exclusive ownership of self" -msgstr "// Exclusive ownership of self\n" +msgstr "// 独有地拥有自我" -#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md +#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md:35 msgid "\"Race {} is finished, total lap time: {}\"" msgstr "\"Race {} is finished, total lap time: {}\"" -#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md +#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md:40 msgid "\"Monaco Grand Prix\"" msgstr "\"Monaco Grand Prix\"" -#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md:47 msgid "// race.add_lap(42);" -msgstr "// race.add_lap(42);\n" +msgstr "// race.add_lap(42);" -#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md:51 msgid "" -"The `self` arguments specify the \"receiver\" - the object the method acts " -"on. There are several common receivers for a method:" -msgstr "" -"上面的“&self”表明该方法以不可变的方式借用了对象。还有其他可能的方法接收器：" +"The `self` arguments specify the \"receiver\" - the object the method acts on. There are " +"several common receivers for a method:" +msgstr "`self` 参数指定了”接收者”——方法作用的对象。方法有几种常见的接收器：" -#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md +#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md:54 msgid "" -"`&self`: borrows the object from the caller using a shared and immutable " -"reference. The object can be used again afterwards." -msgstr "" -"“&self”：使用不可变的共享引用从调用方借用对象。之后可以再次使用该对象。" +"`&self`: borrows the object from the caller using a shared and immutable reference. The " +"object can be used again afterwards." +msgstr "“&self”：使用不可变的共享引用从调用方借用对象。之后可以再次使用该对象。" -#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md +#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md:56 msgid "" -"`&mut self`: borrows the object from the caller using a unique and mutable " -"reference. The object can be used again afterwards." -msgstr "" -"“&mut self”：使用唯一的可变引用从调用方借用对象。之后可以再次使用该对象。" +"`&mut self`: borrows the object from the caller using a unique and mutable reference. " +"The object can be used again afterwards." +msgstr "“&mut self”：使用唯一的可变引用从调用方借用对象。之后可以再次使用该对象。" -#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md +#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md:58 msgid "" -"`self`: takes ownership of the object and moves it away from the caller. The " -"method becomes the owner of the object. The object will be dropped " -"(deallocated) when the method returns, unless its ownership is explicitly " -"transmitted. Complete ownership does not automatically mean mutability." +"`self`: takes ownership of the object and moves it away from the caller. The method " +"becomes the owner of the object. The object will be dropped (deallocated) when the " +"method returns, unless its ownership is explicitly transmitted. Complete ownership does " +"not automatically mean mutability." msgstr "" -"“self”：获取对象的所有权并将其从调用方移出。该方法会成为对象的所有者。除非明" -"确转移对象的所有权，否则在该方法返回时，对象将被丢弃（取消分配）。具备完全所" -"有权，不自动等同于具备可变性。" +"“self”：获取对象的所有权并将其从调用方移出。该方法会成为对象的所有者。除非明确转移对象的" +"所有权，否则在该方法返回时，对象将被丢弃（取消分配）。具备完全所有权，不自动等同于具备可" +"变性。" -#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md:62 msgid "`mut self`: same as above, but the method can mutate the object." msgstr "`mut self`：同上，但该方法可以改变对象。" -#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md +#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md:63 msgid "" -"No receiver: this becomes a static method on the struct. Typically used to " -"create constructors which are called `new` by convention." -msgstr "" -"无接收器：这将变为结构体上的静态方法。通常用于创建构造函数，按惯例被称" -"为“new”。" +"No receiver: this becomes a static method on the struct. Typically used to create " +"constructors which are called `new` by convention." +msgstr "无接收器：这将变为结构体上的静态方法。通常用于创建构造函数，按惯例被称为“new”。" -#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md +#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md:71 msgid "It can be helpful to introduce methods by comparing them to functions." msgstr "引入方法时，将方法与函数进行比较会很有帮助。" -#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md +#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md:72 msgid "" -"Methods are called on an instance of a type (such as a struct or enum), the " -"first parameter represents the instance as `self`." -msgstr "" -"在某种类型（例如结构体或枚举）的实例上调用方法，第一个参数将该实例表示" -"为“self”。" +"Methods are called on an instance of a type (such as a struct or enum), the first " +"parameter represents the instance as `self`." +msgstr "在某种类型（例如结构体或枚举）的实例上调用方法，第一个参数将该实例表示为“self”。" -#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md +#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md:74 msgid "" -"Developers may choose to use methods to take advantage of method receiver " -"syntax and to help keep them more organized. By using methods we can keep " -"all the implementation code in one predictable place." +"Developers may choose to use methods to take advantage of method receiver syntax and to " +"help keep them more organized. By using methods we can keep all the implementation code " +"in one predictable place." msgstr "" -"开发者可能会选择使用方法，以便利用方法接收器语法并让方法更有条理。通过使用方" -"法，我们可以将所有实现代码保存在一个可预测的位置。" +"开发者可能会选择使用方法，以便利用方法接收器语法并让方法更有条理。通过使用方法，我们可以" +"将所有实现代码保存在一个可预测的位置。" -#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md +#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md:77 msgid "Point out the use of the keyword `self`, a method receiver." msgstr "指出关键字“self”的用法，它是一种方法接收器。" -#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md +#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md:78 msgid "" -"Show that it is an abbreviated term for `self: Self` and perhaps show how " -"the struct name could also be used." +"Show that it is an abbreviated term for `self: Self` and perhaps show how the struct " +"name could also be used." msgstr "显示它是“self: Self”的缩写术语，或许要显示结构体名称的可能用法。" -#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md +#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md:80 msgid "" -"Explain that `Self` is a type alias for the type the `impl` block is in and " -"can be used elsewhere in the block." +"Explain that `Self` is a type alias for the type the `impl` block is in and can be used " +"elsewhere in the block." msgstr "说明“Self”是“impl”块所属类型的类型别名，可以在块中的其他位置使用。" -#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md +#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md:82 msgid "" -"Note how `self` is used like other structs and dot notation can be used to " -"refer to individual fields." -msgstr "" -"指出“self”的使用方式与其他结构体一样，并且可以使用点表示法来指代各个字段。" +"Note how `self` is used like other structs and dot notation can be used to refer to " +"individual fields." +msgstr "指出“self”的使用方式与其他结构体一样，并且可以使用点表示法来指代各个字段。" -#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md:84 msgid "" -"This might be a good time to demonstrate how the `&self` differs from `self` " -"by trying to run `finish` twice." +"This might be a good time to demonstrate how the `&self` differs from `self` by trying " +"to run `finish` twice." msgstr "" -"这可能是演示“&self”和“self”差别的好时机，您只要修改代码并尝试执行 say_hello " -"两次即可。" +"这可能是演示 `&self` 和 `self` 差别的好时机，您只要修改代码并尝试执行 `finish` 两次即可。" -#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md:86 msgid "" -"Beyond variants on `self`, there are also [special wrapper types](https://" -"doc.rust-lang.org/reference/special-types-and-traits.html) allowed to be " -"receiver types, such as `Box`." +"Beyond variants on `self`, there are also special wrapper types allowed to be receiver " +"types, such as `Box`." msgstr "" -"除“self”的变体外，还可以将[特殊封装容器类型](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" -"reference/special-types-and-traits.html)作为接收器类型，例如“Box\n" -"\n" -"”。" +"除了 `self` 的变体之外，还有一些特殊的封装类型允许作为接收器类型，例如 `Box` 。" -#: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md -msgid "" -"Rust lets you abstract over types with traits. They're similar to interfaces:" +#: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md:3 +msgid "Rust lets you abstract over types with traits. They're similar to interfaces:" msgstr "Rust 让您可以依据特征对类型进行抽象化处理。特征与接口类似：" -#: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md +#: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md:7 +msgid "/// Return a sentence from this pet." +msgstr "/// 返回该 pet 的一句话。" + +#: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md:10 +msgid "/// Print a string to the terminal greeting this pet." +msgstr "/// 向终端打印一个字符串，问候这只 pet。" + +#: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md:18 +msgid "" +"A trait defines a number of methods that types must have in order to implement the trait." +msgstr "trait 定义了类型实现该 trait 所必须具备的一些方法。" + +#: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md:21 +msgid "" +"In the \"Generics\" segment, next, we will see how to build functionality that is " +"generic over all types implementing a trait." +msgstr "在“泛型”部分中，接下来，我们将看到如何构建通用于实现某个特质的所有类型的功能。" + +#: src/methods-and-traits/traits/implementing.md:8 msgid "\"Oh you're a cutie! What's your name? {}\"" msgstr "\"Oh you're a cutie! What's your name? {}\"" -#: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md +#: src/methods-and-traits/traits/implementing.md:19 src/generics/dyn-trait.md:21 +#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md:22 msgid "\"Woof, my name is {}!\"" msgstr "\"Woof, my name is {}!\"" -#: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md -msgid "\"Miau!\"" -msgstr "\"Miau!\"" - -#: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md +#: src/methods-and-traits/traits/implementing.md:24 src/generics/dyn-trait.md:43 +#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md:35 msgid "\"Fido\"" msgstr "\"Fido\"" -#: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md +#: src/methods-and-traits/traits/implementing.md:31 +msgid "To implement `Trait` for `Type`, you use an `impl Trait for Type { .. }` block." +msgstr "trait 在 ` { .. } 的 impl ` 代码块中实现。" + +#: src/methods-and-traits/traits/implementing.md:34 msgid "" -"A trait defines a number of methods that types must have in order to " -"implement the trait." -msgstr "trait 定义了类型实现该 trait 所必须具备的一些方法。" +"Unlike Go interfaces, just having matching methods is not enough: a `Cat` type with a " +"`talk()` method would not automatically satisfy `Pet` unless it is in an `impl Pet` " +"block." +msgstr "" +"与 Go 接口不同的是，仅仅有匹配的方法是不够的：一个拥有 `talk()` 方法的 `Cat` 类型不会自动" +"满足 `Pet` 的要求，除非它在一个 `impl Pet` 块中。" -#: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md -msgid "Traits are implemented in an `impl for { .. }` block." -msgstr "trait 在 ` { .. } 的 impl ` 代码块中实现。" +#: src/methods-and-traits/traits/implementing.md:38 +msgid "" +"Traits may provide default implementations of some methods. Default implementations can " +"rely on all the methods of the trait. In this case, `greet` is provided, and relies on " +"`talk`." +msgstr "" +"特质可以为某些方法提供默认实现。默认实现可以依赖于特质的所有方法。在本例中，提供了 " +"`greet` 并依赖于 `talk`。" -#: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/methods-and-traits/traits/supertraits.md:3 +msgid "" +"A trait can require that types implementing it also implement other traits, called " +"_supertraits_. Here, any type implementing `Pet` must implement `Animal`." +msgstr "" +"一个特质可以要求实现它的类型也实现其他特质，称为_supertraits_。在这里，任何实现 `Pet` 的" +"类型都必须实现 `Animal`。" + +#: src/methods-and-traits/traits/supertraits.md:30 +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/select.md:44 +msgid "\"Rex\"" +msgstr "\"Rex\"" + +#: src/methods-and-traits/traits/supertraits.md:31 +msgid "\"{} has {} legs\"" +msgstr "“{} has {} legs”" + +#: src/methods-and-traits/traits/supertraits.md:37 msgid "" -"Traits may specify pre-implemented (provided) methods and methods that users " -"are required to implement themselves. Provided methods can rely on required " -"methods. In this case, `greet` is provided, and relies on `talk`." +"This is sometimes called \"trait inheritance\" but students should not expect this to " +"behave like OO inheritance. It just specifies an additional requirement on " +"implementations of a trait." msgstr "" -"trait 或许可指定预实现（默认）方法，以及用户需要自行实现的方法。具有默认实现" -"的方法可以依赖于必需的方法。" +"这种继承有时也被称为 “特质继承”，但学生们不应该期望这种继承的行为与 OO 继承类似。它只是对" +"特质的实现提出了额外的要求。" + +#: src/methods-and-traits/traits/associated-types.md:3 +msgid "" +"Associated types are placeholder types which are supplied by the trait implementation." +msgstr "关联类型是由特征实现提供的占位符类型。" + +#: src/methods-and-traits/traits/associated-types.md:25 +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/join.md:30 +msgid "\"{:?}\"" +msgstr "\"{:?}\"" + +#: src/methods-and-traits/traits/associated-types.md:31 +msgid "" +"Associated types are sometimes also called \"output types\". The key observation is that " +"the implementer, not the caller, chooses this type." +msgstr "关联类型有时也称为 “输出类型”。关键在于实现者，而不是调用者选择这种类型。" + +#: src/methods-and-traits/traits/associated-types.md:34 +msgid "" +"Many standard library traits have associated types, including arithmetic operators and " +"`Iterator`." +msgstr "许多标准库特征都有相关类型，包括算术运算符和 `Iterator` 类型。" -#: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md +#: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md:3 msgid "" -"Supported traits can be automatically implemented for your custom types, as " -"follows:" +"Supported traits can be automatically implemented for your custom types, as follows:" msgstr "系统可以自动为您的自定义类型实现支持的 trait，如下所示：" -#: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md:15 msgid "// Default trait adds `default` constructor." -msgstr "// Default trait adds `default` constructor.\n" +msgstr "// 默认特质添加了 `default` 构造函数。" -#: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md:16 msgid "// Clone trait adds `clone` method." -msgstr "// Clone trait adds `clone` method.\n" +msgstr "// 克隆特征添加了 `clone` 方法。" -#: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md +#: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md:17 msgid "\"EldurScrollz\"" msgstr "\"EldurScrollz\"" -#: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md:18 msgid "// Debug trait adds support for printing with `{:?}`." -msgstr "// Debug trait adds support for printing with `{:?}`.\n" +msgstr "// 调试特质增加了对使用 `{:?}` 打印的支持。" -#: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md +#: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md:19 msgid "\"{:?} vs. {:?}\"" msgstr "\"{:?} vs. {:?}\"" -#: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md +#: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md:26 msgid "" -"Derivation is implemented with macros, and many crates provide useful derive " -"macros to add useful functionality. For example, `serde` can derive " -"serialization support for a struct using `#[derive(Serialize)]`." +"Derivation is implemented with macros, and many crates provide useful derive macros to " +"add useful functionality. For example, `serde` can derive serialization support for a " +"struct using `#[derive(Serialize)]`." msgstr "" -"派生功能是通过宏实现的，并且许多 crate 提供有用的派生宏，以添加实用功能。例" -"如，`serde` 可以使用 `#[derive(Serialize)]` 为结构体派生序列化支持。" +"派生功能是通过宏实现的，并且许多 crate 提供有用的派生宏，以添加实用功能。例如，`serde` 可" +"以使用 `#[derive(Serialize)]` 为结构体派生序列化支持。" -#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md +#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md:1 +msgid "Exercise: Logger Trait" +msgstr "练习：日志特征" + +#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md:3 msgid "" -"Let's design a simple logging utility, using a trait `Logger` with a `log` " -"method. Code which might log its progress can then take an `&impl Logger`. " -"In testing, this might put messages in the test logfile, while in a " -"production build it would send messages to a log server." +"Let's design a simple logging utility, using a trait `Logger` with a `log` method. Code " +"which might log its progress can then take an `&impl Logger`. In testing, this might put " +"messages in the test logfile, while in a production build it would send messages to a " +"log server." msgstr "" +"让我们设计一个简单的日志工具，使用带有 `log` 方法的 `Logger` 特质。可能会记录进度的代码可" +"以使用 `&impl Logger`。在测试中，它可能会将信息放入测试日志文件，而在生产构建中，它会将信" +"息发送到日志服务器。" -#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md +#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md:8 msgid "" -"However, the `StderrLogger` given below logs all messages, regardless of " -"verbosity. Your task is to write a `VerbosityFilter` type that will ignore " -"messages above a maximum verbosity." +"However, the `StderrLogger` given below logs all messages, regardless of verbosity. Your " +"task is to write a `VerbosityFilter` type that will ignore messages above a maximum " +"verbosity." msgstr "" +"但是，下面给出的 `StderrLogger` 会记录所有信息，而不管信息的冗长程度如何。您的任务是编写" +"一个 `VerbosityFilter` 类型，该类型将忽略超过最大动词性的信息。" -#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md +#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md:12 msgid "" -"This is a common pattern: a struct wrapping a trait implementation and " -"implementing that same trait, adding behavior in the process. What other " -"kinds of wrappers might be useful in a logging utility?" +"This is a common pattern: a struct wrapping a trait implementation and implementing that " +"same trait, adding behavior in the process. What other kinds of wrappers might be useful " +"in a logging utility?" msgstr "" +"这是一种常见的模式：一个结构体封装一个特质实现，并实现相同的特质，在此过程中添加行为。在" +"日志工具中，还有哪些封装器可能有用？" -#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md src/methods-and-traits/solution.md -msgid "/// Log a message at the given verbosity level.\n" -msgstr "" +#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md:20 src/methods-and-traits/solution.md:7 +msgid "/// Log a message at the given verbosity level." +msgstr "/// 以给定的冗长程度记录一条信息。" -#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md src/methods-and-traits/solution.md +#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md:28 src/methods-and-traits/solution.md:15 msgid "\"verbosity={verbosity}: {message}\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "“verbosity={verbosity}: {message}”" -#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md src/methods-and-traits/solution.md +#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md:33 src/methods-and-traits/solution.md:20 msgid "\"FYI\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "“FYI”" -#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md src/methods-and-traits/solution.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md:34 src/methods-and-traits/solution.md:21 msgid "\"Uhoh\"" -msgstr "\"uhoh\"" +msgstr "“Uhoh”" -#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md +#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md:36 msgid "// TODO: Define and implement `VerbosityFilter`." -msgstr "" +msgstr "// TODO: 定义并实现 `VerbosityFilter`." -#: src/methods-and-traits/solution.md -msgid "/// Only log messages up to the given verbosity level.\n" -msgstr "" +#: src/methods-and-traits/solution.md:23 +msgid "/// Only log messages up to the given verbosity level." +msgstr "/// 只记录达到给定冗余级别的信息。" -#: src/generics.md -msgid "[Generic Functions](./generics/generic-functions.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" +#: src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md +msgid "" +"Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 4 hours and 5 minutes. It " +"contains:" +msgstr "包括 10 分钟的休息时间在内，本节课大约需要 4 小时 5 分钟。内容包括：" -#: src/generics.md -msgid "[Generic Data Types](./generics/generic-data.md) (10 minutes)" -msgstr "" +#: src/generics.md src/iterators.md src/testing.md +msgid "This segment should take about 45 minutes. It contains:" +msgstr "本部分大约需要 45 分钟：" #: src/generics.md -msgid "[Trait Bounds](./generics/trait-bounds.md) (10 minutes)" -msgstr "" +msgid "impl Trait" +msgstr "impl Trait" #: src/generics.md -msgid "[impl Trait](./generics/impl-trait.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" +msgid "dyn Trait" +msgstr "dyn Trait" #: src/generics.md -msgid "[Exercise: Generic min](./generics/exercise.md) (10 minutes)" -msgstr "" +msgid "Exercise: Generic min" +msgstr "练习：通用 `min` 函数" -#: src/generics/generic-functions.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/generics/generic-functions.md:3 msgid "" -"Rust supports generics, which lets you abstract algorithms or data " -"structures (such as sorting or a binary tree) over the types used or stored." -msgstr "" -"Rust 支持泛型，允许您根据算法（例如排序）中使用的类型对算法进行抽象化处理。" +"Rust supports generics, which lets you abstract algorithms or data structures (such as " +"sorting or a binary tree) over the types used or stored." +msgstr "Rust 支持泛型，可让您在使用或存储的类型上抽象出算法或数据结构（如排序或二叉树）。" -#: src/generics/generic-functions.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/generics/generic-functions.md:7 msgid "/// Pick `even` or `odd` depending on the value of `n`." -msgstr "/// Pick `even` or `odd` depending on the value of `n`.\n" +msgstr "/// 根据`n`的值选择`even`或`odd`。" -#: src/generics/generic-functions.md +#: src/generics/generic-functions.md:17 msgid "\"picked a number: {:?}\"" msgstr "\"picked a number: {:?}\"" -#: src/generics/generic-functions.md +#: src/generics/generic-functions.md:18 msgid "\"picked a tuple: {:?}\"" msgstr "\"picked a tuple: {:?}\"" -#: src/generics/generic-functions.md +#: src/generics/generic-functions.md:18 msgid "\"dog\"" msgstr "\"dog\"" -#: src/generics/generic-functions.md +#: src/generics/generic-functions.md:18 msgid "\"cat\"" msgstr "\"cat\"" -#: src/generics/generic-functions.md -msgid "" -"Rust infers a type for T based on the types of the arguments and return " -"value." +#: src/generics/generic-functions.md:25 +msgid "Rust infers a type for T based on the types of the arguments and return value." msgstr "Rust 会根据参数类型和返回值推理出 T 的类型。" -#: src/generics/generic-functions.md +#: src/generics/generic-functions.md:27 msgid "" -"This is similar to C++ templates, but Rust partially compiles the generic " -"function immediately, so that function must be valid for all types matching " -"the constraints. For example, try modifying `pick` to return `even + odd` if " -"`n == 0`. Even if only the `pick` instantiation with integers is used, Rust " -"still considers it invalid. C++ would let you do this." +"This is similar to C++ templates, but Rust partially compiles the generic function " +"immediately, so that function must be valid for all types matching the constraints. For " +"example, try modifying `pick` to return `even + odd` if `n == 0`. Even if only the " +"`pick` instantiation with integers is used, Rust still considers it invalid. C++ would " +"let you do this." msgstr "" -"这与 C++ 模板类似，但 Rust 会立即编译部分通用函数，因此该函数必须对所有符合约" -"束条件的类型都有效。例如，请尝试修改 `pick` 函数，如果 `n == 0`，则返回 " -"`even + odd`。即使仅使用带有整数的“pick”实例化，Rust 仍会将其视为无效。C++ 可" -"让您做到这一点。" +"这与 C++ 模板类似，但 Rust 会立即编译部分通用函数，因此该函数必须对所有符合约束条件的类型" +"都有效。例如，请尝试修改 `pick` 函数，如果 `n == 0`，则返回 `even + odd`。即使仅使用带有" +"整数的“pick”实例化，Rust 仍会将其视为无效。C++ 可让您做到这一点。" -#: src/generics/generic-functions.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/generics/generic-functions.md:33 msgid "" -"Generic code is turned into non-generic code based on the call sites. This " -"is a zero-cost abstraction: you get exactly the same result as if you had " -"hand-coded the data structures without the abstraction." +"Generic code is turned into non-generic code based on the call sites. This is a zero-" +"cost abstraction: you get exactly the same result as if you had hand-coded the data " +"structures without the abstraction." msgstr "" -"这是零成本的抽象化处理：您得到的结果不会受到影响，也就是说，与在没有进行抽象" -"化处理的情况下，对数据结构进行手动编码时的结果一样。" +"通用代码会根据调用点变成非通用代码。这是一种零成本的抽象：你得到的结果与你手工编码数据结" +"构时得到的结果完全相同。" -#: src/generics/generic-data.md +#: src/generics/generic-data.md:3 msgid "You can use generics to abstract over the concrete field type:" msgstr "您可以使用泛型对具体字段类型进行抽象化处理：" -#: src/generics/generic-data.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "// fn set_x(&mut self, x: T)" -msgstr "// fn set_x(&mut self, x: T)\n" - -#: src/generics/generic-data.md +#: src/generics/generic-data.md:25 msgid "\"{integer:?} and {float:?}\"" msgstr "\"{integer:?} and {float:?}\"" -#: src/generics/generic-data.md +#: src/generics/generic-data.md:26 msgid "\"coords: {:?}\"" msgstr "\"coords: {:?}\"" -#: src/generics/generic-data.md -msgid "" -"_Q:_ Why `T` is specified twice in `impl Point {}`? Isn't that " -"redundant?" -msgstr "" -"\\*问：\\*为什么 `T` 在 `impl Point {}` 中指定了两次？这不是多余的吗？" +#: src/generics/generic-data.md:33 +msgid "_Q:_ Why `T` is specified twice in `impl Point {}`? Isn't that redundant?" +msgstr "\\*问：\\*为什么 `T` 在 `impl Point {}` 中指定了两次？这不是多余的吗？" -#: src/generics/generic-data.md +#: src/generics/generic-data.md:35 msgid "" -"This is because it is a generic implementation section for generic type. " -"They are independently generic." +"This is because it is a generic implementation section for generic type. They are " +"independently generic." msgstr "这是因为它是泛型类型的泛型实现部分。它们是独立的泛型内容。" -#: src/generics/generic-data.md +#: src/generics/generic-data.md:37 msgid "It means these methods are defined for any `T`." msgstr "这意味着这些方法是针对所有 `T` 定义的。" -#: src/generics/generic-data.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/generics/generic-data.md:38 msgid "It is possible to write `impl Point { .. }`." msgstr "可以编写 `impl Point { .. }`。" -#: src/generics/generic-data.md +#: src/generics/generic-data.md:39 +msgid "" +"`Point` is still generic and you can use `Point`, but methods in this block will " +"only be available for `Point`." +msgstr "" +"`Point` 依然是一个泛型，并且您可以使用 `Point`，但此块中的方法将仅适用于 " +"`Point`。" + +#: src/generics/generic-data.md:42 +msgid "" +"Try declaring a new variable `let p = Point { x: 5, y: 10.0 };`. Update the code to " +"allow points that have elements of different types, by using two type variables, e.g., " +"`T` and `U`." +msgstr "" +"请尝试声明一个新变量 `let p = Point { x: 5, y: 10.0 };`。通过使用两种类型变量（例如 `T` " +"和 `U`），更新代码以允许具有不同类型元素的点。" + +#: src/generics/generic-traits.md:3 +msgid "" +"Traits can also be generic, just like types and functions. A trait's parameters get " +"concrete types when it is used." +msgstr "特质也可以是泛型的，就像类型和函数一样。特质的参数在使用时会得到具体类型。" + +#: src/generics/generic-traits.md:12 +msgid "\"Converted from integer: {from}\"" +msgstr "“从整数转换而来： {from}”" + +#: src/generics/generic-traits.md:18 +msgid "\"Converted from bool: {from}\"" +msgstr "“从 bool 转换而来： {from}”" + +#: src/generics/generic-traits.md:25 +msgid "\"{from_int:?}, {from_bool:?}\"" +msgstr "“{from_int:?}，{from_bool:?}”" + +#: src/generics/generic-traits.md:31 +msgid "" +"The `From` trait will be covered later in the course, but its definition in the `std` " +"docs is simple." +msgstr "课程稍后将介绍 `From` 特质，但它在 `std` 文档中的定义很简单。" + +#: src/generics/generic-traits.md:35 msgid "" -"`Point` is still generic and you can use `Point`, but methods in this " -"block will only be available for `Point`." +"Implementations of the trait do not need to cover all possible type parameters. Here, " +"`Foo::From(\"hello\")` would not compile because there is no `From<&str>` implementation " +"for `Foo`." msgstr "" -"`Point` 依然是一个泛型，并且您可以使用 `Point`，但此块中的方法将仅适用" -"于 `Point`。" +"特质的实现不需要涵盖所有可能的类型参数。这里，`Foo::From(“hello”)` 无法编译，因为 `Foo` " +"没有 `From<&str>` 实现。" -#: src/generics/generic-data.md +#: src/generics/generic-traits.md:39 msgid "" -"Try declaring a new variable `let p = Point { x: 5, y: 10.0 };`. Update the " -"code to allow points that have elements of different types, by using two " -"type variables, e.g., `T` and `U`." +"Generic traits take types as \"input\", while associated types are a kind of \"output\" " +"type. A trait can have multiple implementations for different input types." msgstr "" -"请尝试声明一个新变量 `let p = Point { x: 5, y: 10.0 };`。通过使用两种类型变量" -"（例如 `T` 和 `U`），更新代码以允许具有不同类型元素的点。" +"通用特质将类型作为 “输入”，而关联类型则是一种 “输出 ”类型。对于不同的输入类型，一个特质可" +"以有多种实现。" -#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md +#: src/generics/generic-traits.md:43 msgid "" -"When working with generics, you often want to require the types to implement " -"some trait, so that you can call this trait's methods." +"In fact, Rust requires that at most one implementation of a trait match for any type T. " +"Unlike some other languages, Rust has no heuristic for choosing the \"most specific\" " +"match. There is work on adding this support, called specialization." msgstr "" -"使用泛型时，您通常会想要利用类型来实现某些特性， 这样才能调用此特征的方法。" +"事实上，对于任何类型 T，Rust 都要求最多有一种特质实现与之匹配。与其他一些语言不同的是，" +"Rust 没有启发式来选择 “最特殊 ”的匹配。我们正在努力添加这种支持，称为 “特" +"化”（specialization）。" -#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md +#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md:3 +msgid "" +"When working with generics, you often want to require the types to implement some trait, " +"so that you can call this trait's methods." +msgstr "使用泛型时，您通常会想要利用类型来实现某些特性， 这样才能调用此特征的方法。" + +#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md:6 msgid "You can do this with `T: Trait` or `impl Trait`:" msgstr "您可以使用 `T: Trait` 或 `impl Trait` 执行此操作：" -#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md:12 msgid "// struct NotClonable;" -msgstr "// struct NotClonable;\n" +msgstr "// struct NotClonable;" -#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md +#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md:18 msgid "\"{pair:?}\"" msgstr "\"{pair:?}\"" -#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md +#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md:25 msgid "Try making a `NonClonable` and passing it to `duplicate`." msgstr "请尝试创建一个 `NonClonable` 对象，并将其传递给 `duplicate` 函数。" -#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md +#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md:27 msgid "When multiple traits are necessary, use `+` to join them." msgstr "当需要多个 trait 时，请使用 `+` 将它们连接起来。" -#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md +#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md:29 msgid "Show a `where` clause, students will encounter it when reading code." msgstr "显示 `where` 子句，学员在阅读代码时会看到它。" -#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md +#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md:40 msgid "It declutters the function signature if you have many parameters." msgstr "它会在您有多个形参的情况下整理函数签名。" -#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md +#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md:41 msgid "It has additional features making it more powerful." msgstr "它具有额外功能，因此也更强大。" -#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md +#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md:42 msgid "" -"If someone asks, the extra feature is that the type on the left of \":\" can " -"be arbitrary, like `Option`." -msgstr "" -"如果有人提问，便阐明额外功能是指“:”左侧的类别可为任意值，例如 `Option`。" +"If someone asks, the extra feature is that the type on the left of \":\" can be " +"arbitrary, like `Option`." +msgstr "如果有人提问，便阐明额外功能是指“:”左侧的类别可为任意值，例如 `Option`。" -#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md +#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md:45 msgid "" -"Note that Rust does not (yet) support specialization. For example, given the " -"original `duplicate`, it is invalid to add a specialized `duplicate(a: u32)`." +"Note that Rust does not (yet) support specialization. For example, given the original " +"`duplicate`, it is invalid to add a specialized `duplicate(a: u32)`." msgstr "" -"请注意，Rust 尚不支持专精领域认证。例如，根据原始 `duplicate` 函数，添加专精" -"领域认证的 `Duplicate(a: u32)` 是无效的。" +"请注意，Rust 尚不支持专精领域认证。例如，根据原始 `duplicate` 函数，添加专精领域认证的 " +"`Duplicate(a: u32)` 是无效的。" -#: src/generics/impl-trait.md +#: src/generics/impl-trait.md:3 msgid "" -"Similar to trait bounds, an `impl Trait` syntax can be used in function " -"arguments and return values:" +"Similar to trait bounds, an `impl Trait` syntax can be used in function arguments and " +"return values:" msgstr "与特征边界类似，`impl Trait` 语法可以在函数形参 和返回值中使用：" -#: src/generics/impl-trait.md -msgid "// Syntactic sugar for:" -msgstr "" - -#: src/generics/impl-trait.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "// fn add_42_millions>(x: T) -> i32 {" -msgstr "" -"// Syntactic sugar for:\n" -"// fn add_42_millions>(x: T) -> i32 {\n" +#: src/generics/impl-trait.md:7 +msgid "// Syntactic sugar for: // fn add_42_millions\\\\>(x: T) -> i32 {" +msgstr "// Syntactic sugar for:// fn add_42_millions>(x: T) -> i32 {" -#: src/generics/impl-trait.md +#: src/generics/impl-trait.md:19 msgid "\"{many}\"" msgstr "\"{many}\"" -#: src/generics/impl-trait.md +#: src/generics/impl-trait.md:21 msgid "\"{many_more}\"" msgstr "\"{many_more}\"" -#: src/generics/impl-trait.md +#: src/generics/impl-trait.md:23 msgid "\"debuggable: {debuggable:?}\"" msgstr "\"debuggable: {debuggable:?}\"" -#: src/generics/impl-trait.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/generics/impl-trait.md:30 msgid "" -"`impl Trait` allows you to work with types which you cannot name. The " -"meaning of `impl Trait` is a bit different in the different positions." -msgstr "`impl Trait` 的意义因使用位置而略有不同。" +"`impl Trait` allows you to work with types which you cannot name. The meaning of `impl " +"Trait` is a bit different in the different positions." +msgstr "`impl Trait` 允许您处理无法命名的类型。在不同的位置，`impl Trait` 的含义有所不同。" -#: src/generics/impl-trait.md +#: src/generics/impl-trait.md:33 msgid "" -"For a parameter, `impl Trait` is like an anonymous generic parameter with a " -"trait bound." +"For a parameter, `impl Trait` is like an anonymous generic parameter with a trait bound." msgstr "对形参来说，`impl Trait` 就像是具有特征边界的匿名泛型形参。" -#: src/generics/impl-trait.md +#: src/generics/impl-trait.md:36 msgid "" -"For a return type, it means that the return type is some concrete type that " -"implements the trait, without naming the type. This can be useful when you " -"don't want to expose the concrete type in a public API." +"For a return type, it means that the return type is some concrete type that implements " +"the trait, without naming the type. This can be useful when you don't want to expose the " +"concrete type in a public API." msgstr "" -"对返回值类型来说，它则意味着返回值类型就是实现该特征的某具体类型， 无需为该类" -"型命名。如果您不想在公共 API 中公开该具体类型，便可 使用此方法。" +"对返回值类型来说，它则意味着返回值类型就是实现该特征的某具体类型， 无需为该类型命名。如果" +"您不想在公共 API 中公开该具体类型，便可 使用此方法。" -#: src/generics/impl-trait.md +#: src/generics/impl-trait.md:40 msgid "" -"Inference is hard in return position. A function returning `impl Foo` picks " -"the concrete type it returns, without writing it out in the source. A " -"function returning a generic type like `collect() -> B` can return any " -"type satisfying `B`, and the caller may need to choose one, such as with " -"`let x: Vec<_> = foo.collect()` or with the turbofish, `foo.collect::" -">()`." +"Inference is hard in return position. A function returning `impl Foo` picks the concrete " +"type it returns, without writing it out in the source. A function returning a generic " +"type like `collect() -> B` can return any type satisfying `B`, and the caller may " +"need to choose one, such as with `let x: Vec<_> = foo.collect()` or with the turbofish, " +"`foo.collect::>()`." msgstr "" -"在返回位置处进行推断有一定难度。会返回 `impl Foo` 的函数会挑选 自身返回的具体" -"类型，而不必在来源中写出此信息。会返回 泛型类型（例如 `collect() -> B`）的" -"函数则可返回符合 `B` 的任何类型，而调用方可能需要选择一个类型，例如使用 `let " -"x: Vec<_> = foo.collect()` 或使用以下 Turbofish：`foo.collect::>()`。" +"在返回位置处进行推断有一定难度。会返回 `impl Foo` 的函数会挑选 自身返回的具体类型，而不必" +"在来源中写出此信息。会返回 泛型类型（例如 `collect() -> B`）的函数则可返回符合 `B` 的" +"任何类型，而调用方可能需要选择一个类型，例如使用 `let x: Vec<_> = foo.collect()` 或使用以" +"下 Turbofish：`foo.collect::>()`。" -#: src/generics/impl-trait.md +#: src/generics/impl-trait.md:47 msgid "" -"What is the type of `debuggable`? Try `let debuggable: () = ..` to see what " -"the error message shows." +"What is the type of `debuggable`? Try `let debuggable: () = ..` to see what the error " +"message shows." msgstr "" -"`debuggable` 是什么类型？尝试输入 `let debuggable: () = ..`，查看会显示什么错" -"误消息。" +"`debuggable` 是什么类型？尝试输入 `let debuggable: () = ..`，查看会显示什么错误消息。" -#: src/generics/exercise.md +#: src/generics/dyn-trait.md:3 msgid "" -"In this short exercise, you will implement a generic `min` function that " -"determines the minimum of two values, using a `LessThan` trait." +"In addition to using traits for static dispatch via generics, Rust also supports using " +"them for type-erased, dynamic dispatch via trait objects:" msgstr "" -"在这个简短的练习中，您将使用 `LessThan` trait，实现一个通用 `min` 函数，用于" -"确定两个值中的最小值。" +"除了通过泛型将 traits 用于静态调度外，Rust 还支持通过 trait 对象将 traits 用于基于类型的" +"动态调度：" -#: src/generics/exercise.md src/generics/solution.md -msgid "/// Return true if self is less than other.\n" -msgstr "/// Return true if self is less than other.\n" +#: src/generics/dyn-trait.md:27 src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md:28 +msgid "\"Miau!\"" +msgstr "\"Miau!\"" -#: src/generics/exercise.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "// TODO: implement the `min` function used in `main`." -msgstr "// TODO: implement the `min` function used in `main`.\n" +#: src/generics/dyn-trait.md:30 +msgid "// Uses generics and static dispatch." +msgstr "// 使用泛型和静态调度。" -#: src/generics/exercise.md src/generics/solution.md -msgid "\"Shapiro\"" -msgstr "\"Shapiro\"" +#: src/generics/dyn-trait.md:33 src/generics/dyn-trait.md:38 +#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md:38 +msgid "\"Hello, who are you? {}\"" +msgstr "\"Hello, who are you? {}\"" -#: src/generics/exercise.md src/generics/solution.md -msgid "\"Baumann\"" -msgstr "\"Baumann\"" +#: src/generics/dyn-trait.md:35 +msgid "// Uses type-erasure and dynamic dispatch." +msgstr "// 使用类型检测和动态调度。" -#: src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md -msgid "[Standard Library Types](./std-types.md) (1 hour and 10 minutes)" +#: src/generics/dyn-trait.md:56 +msgid "" +"Generics, including `impl Trait`, use monomorphization to create a specialized instance " +"of the function for each different type that the generic is instantiated with. This " +"means that calling a trait method from within a generic function still uses static " +"dispatch, as the compiler has full type information and can resolve which type's trait " +"implementation to use." msgstr "" +"泛型（包括 `impl Trait`）使用单态化（monomorphization）为泛型实例化的每个不同类型创建一个" +"专门的函数实例。这意味着在泛型函数中调用特质方法时仍会使用静态调度，因为编译器拥有完整的" +"类型信息，可以确定要使用哪种类型的特质实现。" -#: src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md -msgid "[Standard Library Traits](./std-traits.md) (1 hour and 40 minutes)" +#: src/generics/dyn-trait.md:62 +msgid "" +"When using `dyn Trait`, it instead uses dynamic dispatch through a virtual method table " +"(vtable). This means that there's a single version of `fn dynamic` that is used " +"regardless of what type of `Pet` is passed in." msgstr "" +"当使用 `dyn Trait` 时，它会通过虚拟方法表（vtable）使用动态派发。这意味着，无论传入何种类" +"型的 `Pet`，都只使用一个版本的 `fn dynamic`。" -#: src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md -msgid "Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 3 hours" +#: src/generics/dyn-trait.md:67 +msgid "" +"When using `dyn Trait`, the trait object needs to be behind some kind of indirection. In " +"this case it's a reference, though smart pointer types like `Box` can also be used (this " +"will be demonstrated on day 3)." msgstr "" +"使用 `dyn Trait` 时，特质对象需要位于某种间接方式之后。在本例中，它是一个引用，不过也可以" +"使用智能指针类型，如 `Box` （这将在第 3 天演示）。" -#: src/std-types.md -msgid "[Standard Library](./std-types/std.md) (3 minutes)" +#: src/generics/dyn-trait.md:71 +msgid "" +"At runtime, a `&dyn Pet` is represented as a \"fat pointer\", i.e. a pair of two " +"pointers: One pointer points to the concrete object that implements `Pet`, and the other " +"points to the vtable for the trait implementation for that type. When calling the `talk` " +"method on `&dyn Pet` the compiler looks up the function pointer for `talk` in the vtable " +"and then invokes the function, passing the pointer to the `Dog` or `Cat` into that " +"function. The compiler doesn't need to know the concrete type of the `Pet` in order to " +"do this." msgstr "" +"在运行时，一个 `&dyn Pet` 表示为一个 “胖指针”，即一对两个指针： 一个指针指向实现了 `Pet` " +"的具体对象，另一个指针指向该类型的 trait 实现的 vtable。当调用 `&dyn Pet` 上的 `talk` 方" +"法时，编译器会在 vtable 中查找 `talk` 的函数指针，然后调用该函数，并将指向 `Dog` 或 " +"`Cat` 的指针传递给该函数。编译器不需要知道 `Pet` 的具体类型就能做到这一点。" -#: src/std-types.md -msgid "[Documentation](./std-types/docs.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" +#: src/generics/dyn-trait.md:79 +msgid "" +"A `dyn Trait` is considered to be \"type-erased\", because we no longer have compile-" +"time knowledge of what the concrete type is." +msgstr "`dyn Trait`被认为是 “去类型的”，因为我们在编译时不再知道具体类型是什么。" -#: src/std-types.md -msgid "[Option](./std-types/option.md) (10 minutes)" +#: src/generics/exercise.md:3 +msgid "" +"In this short exercise, you will implement a generic `min` function that determines the " +"minimum of two values, using the `Ord` trait." msgstr "" +"在这个简短的练习中，您将使用 `Ord` 特质实现一个通用的 `min` 函数，用于确定两个值的最小" +"值。" -#: src/std-types.md -msgid "[Result](./std-types/result.md) (10 minutes)" -msgstr "" +#: src/generics/exercise.md:8 +msgid "// TODO: implement the `min` function used in `main`." +msgstr "// TODO: 实现 `main` 中使用的 `min` 函数。" -#: src/std-types.md -msgid "[String](./std-types/string.md) (10 minutes)" -msgstr "" +#: src/generics/exercise.md:15 src/generics/solution.md:17 +#: src/error-handling/exercise.md:60 src/error-handling/exercise.md:75 +#: src/error-handling/solution.md:60 src/error-handling/solution.md:75 +msgid "'z'" +msgstr "'z'" -#: src/std-types.md -msgid "[Vec](./std-types/vec.md) (10 minutes)" -msgstr "" +#: src/generics/exercise.md:16 src/generics/solution.md:18 +msgid "'7'" +msgstr "‘7’" + +#: src/generics/exercise.md:16 src/generics/solution.md:18 +msgid "'1'" +msgstr "‘1’" + +#: src/generics/exercise.md:18 src/generics/solution.md:20 +msgid "\"goodbye\"" +msgstr "“goodbye”" + +#: src/generics/exercise.md:19 src/generics/solution.md:21 +msgid "\"bat\"" +msgstr "“bat”" + +#: src/generics/exercise.md:19 src/generics/solution.md:21 +msgid "\"armadillo\"" +msgstr "“armadillo”" + +#: src/generics/exercise.md:26 +msgid "Show students the `Ord` trait and `Ordering` enum." +msgstr "向学生展示 `Ord` 特质和 `Ordering` 枚举。" #: src/std-types.md -msgid "[HashMap](./std-types/hashmap.md) (10 minutes)" -msgstr "" +msgid "This segment should take about 1 hour and 20 minutes. It contains:" +msgstr "这部分内容大约需要 1 小时 20 分钟。内容包括：" + +#: src/std-types.md src/std-types/option.md:1 +msgid "Option" +msgstr "选项" + +#: src/std-types.md src/std-types/result.md:1 +msgid "Result" +msgstr "结果" + +#: src/std-types.md src/std-types/string.md:1 +msgid "String" +msgstr "字符串" #: src/std-types.md -msgid "[Exercise: Counter](./std-types/exercise.md) (10 minutes)" -msgstr "" +msgid "Vec" +msgstr "向量" -#: src/std-types.md src/slices-and-lifetimes.md -msgid "This segment should take about 1 hour and 10 minutes" -msgstr "" +#: src/std-types.md +msgid "HashMap" +msgstr "哈希表" #: src/std-types.md msgid "" -"For each of the slides in this section, spend some time reviewing the " -"documentation pages, highlighting some of the more common methods." -msgstr "" -"对于本部分的每张幻灯片，请花些时间仔细阅读文档页面，重点了解一些较为常用的方" -"法。" +"For each of the slides in this section, spend some time reviewing the documentation " +"pages, highlighting some of the more common methods." +msgstr "对于本部分的每张幻灯片，请花些时间仔细阅读文档页面，重点了解一些较为常用的方法。" -#: src/std-types/std.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-types/std.md:3 msgid "" -"Rust comes with a standard library which helps establish a set of common " -"types used by Rust libraries and programs. This way, two libraries can work " -"together smoothly because they both use the same `String` type." +"Rust comes with a standard library which helps establish a set of common types used by " +"Rust libraries and programs. This way, two libraries can work together smoothly because " +"they both use the same `String` type." msgstr "" -"Rust 附带一个标准库，此库有助于建立一个供 Rust 库和程序 使用的常用类型集。这" -"样一来，两个库便可顺畅地搭配运作， 因为它们使用相同的 `String` 类型。" +"Rust 自带的标准库有助于建立一套 Rust 库和程序使用的通用类型。这样，两个库就能顺利协同工" +"作，因为它们都使用相同的 `String` 类型。" -#: src/std-types/std.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-types/std.md:7 msgid "" -"In fact, Rust contains several layers of the Standard Library: `core`, " -"`alloc` and `std`." -msgstr "Rust 实际上含有多个层级的标准库，分别是 `core`、`alloc` 和 `std`。" +"In fact, Rust contains several layers of the Standard Library: `core`, `alloc` and `std`." +msgstr "事实上，Rust 包含几层标准库： core“、”alloc “和 ”std\"。" -#: src/std-types/std.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-types/std.md:10 msgid "" -"`core` includes the most basic types and functions that don't depend on " -"`libc`, allocator or even the presence of an operating system." +"`core` includes the most basic types and functions that don't depend on `libc`, " +"allocator or even the presence of an operating system." msgstr "" -"`core` 包括最基本的类型与函数，这些类型与函数不依赖于 `libc`、分配器 或是否存" -"在操作系统。" +"`core` 包括最基本的类型与函数，这些类型与函数不依赖于 `libc`、分配器或是否存在操作系统。" -#: src/std-types/std.md +#: src/std-types/std.md:12 msgid "" -"`alloc` includes types which require a global heap allocator, such as `Vec`, " -"`Box` and `Arc`." +"`alloc` includes types which require a global heap allocator, such as `Vec`, `Box` and " +"`Arc`." msgstr "`alloc` 包括需要全局堆分配器的类型，例如 `Vec`、`Box` 和 `Arc`。" -#: src/std-types/std.md -msgid "" -"Embedded Rust applications often only use `core`, and sometimes `alloc`." +#: src/std-types/std.md:14 +msgid "Embedded Rust applications often only use `core`, and sometimes `alloc`." msgstr "嵌入式 Rust 应用通常只使用 `core`，偶尔会使用 `alloc`。" -#: src/std-types/docs.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-types/docs.md:3 msgid "Rust comes with extensive documentation. For example:" -msgstr "Rust 附带有大量关于该语言和标准库的文档。" +msgstr "Rust 附带有大量关于该语言和标准库的文档。例如：" -#: src/std-types/docs.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"All of the details about [loops](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/reference/" -"expressions/loop-expr.html)." -msgstr "" -"如果你想提前退出循环，请使用 [`break`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/" -"expressions/loop-expr.html#break-expressions)，" +#: src/std-types/docs.md:5 +msgid "All of the details about loops." +msgstr "关于循环的所有细节。" -#: src/std-types/docs.md -msgid "" -"Primitive types like [`u8`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/primitive." -"u8.html)." -msgstr "" -"['u8'](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/primitive.u8.html) 等基元类型。" +#: src/std-types/docs.md:7 +msgid "Primitive types like `u8`." +msgstr "原始类型，如 `u8`。" -#: src/std-types/docs.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"Standard library types like [`Option`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/" -"option/enum.Option.html) or [`BinaryHeap`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/" -"std/collections/struct.BinaryHeap.html)." -msgstr "" -"[“str”](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/primitive.str.html)和[“String”]" -"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html)" +#: src/std-types/docs.md:9 +msgid "Standard library types like `Option` or `BinaryHeap`." +msgstr "标准库类型，如 `Option` 或 `BinaryHeap`。" -#: src/std-types/docs.md +#: src/std-types/docs.md:13 msgid "In fact, you can document your own code:" msgstr "事实上，您可以为自己的代码编写文档：" -#: src/std-types/docs.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-types/docs.md:16 msgid "" -"/// Determine whether the first argument is divisible by the second argument." -msgstr "" -"/// Determine whether the first argument is divisible by the second " -"argument.\n" -"///\n" -"/// If the second argument is zero, the result is false.\n" - -#: src/std-types/docs.md src/testing/other.md -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "///" -msgstr "//\n" - -#: src/std-types/docs.md -msgid "/// If the second argument is zero, the result is false." -msgstr "" +"/// Determine whether the first argument is divisible by the second argument. /// /// If " +"the second argument is zero, the result is false." +msgstr "/// 判断第一个参数是否能被第二个参数整除。如果第二个参数为零，结果为假。" -#: src/std-types/docs.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-types/docs.md:27 msgid "" "The contents are treated as Markdown. All published Rust library crates are " -"automatically documented at [`docs.rs`](https://docs.rs) using the [rustdoc]" -"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/rustdoc/what-is-rustdoc.html) tool. It is " -"idiomatic to document all public items in an API using this pattern." +"automatically documented at `docs.rs` using the rustdoc tool. It is idiomatic to " +"document all public items in an API using this pattern." msgstr "" -"文档的内容会被当做 Markdown 处理。所有已发布 Rust 库 crate 都会自动被" -"[rustdoc](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rustdoc/what-is-rustdoc.html) 工具在 " -"[`docs.rs`](https://docs.rs)存档。 按照这种方式来为 API 中的所有公开项编写文" -"档是 Rust 中惯用的做法。" +"内容被视为 Markdown。所有已发布的 Rust 库板块都会使用 rustdoc 工具自动在 `docs.rs` 中记" +"录。使用这种模式记录 API 中的所有公共项目是习以为常的。" -#: src/std-types/docs.md -msgid "" -"To document an item from inside the item (such as inside a module), use `//!" -"` or `/*! .. */`, called \"inner doc comments\":" -msgstr "" -"如需从项内（例如在模块内）为项编写文档，请使用 `//!` 或 `/*! .. */`，这称" -"为“内部文档注释”：" - -#: src/std-types/docs.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-types/docs.md:32 msgid "" -"//! This module contains functionality relating to divisibility of integers." +"To document an item from inside the item (such as inside a module), use `//!` or `/*! .. " +"*/`, called \"inner doc comments\":" msgstr "" -"//! This module contains functionality relating to divisibility of " -"integers.\n" +"如需从项内（例如在模块内）为项编写文档，请使用 `//!` 或 `/*! .. */`，这称为“内部文档注" +"释”：" -#: src/std-types/docs.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"Show students the generated docs for the `rand` crate at ." -msgstr "" -"向学生展示在 [`docs.rs/rand`](https://docs.rs/rand) 中为 `rand` crate 生成的" -"文档。" +#: src/std-types/docs.md:36 +msgid "//! This module contains functionality relating to divisibility of integers." +msgstr "//! 本模块包含与整数可分性有关的功能。" -#: src/std-types/option.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "Option" -msgstr "异常" +#: src/std-types/docs.md:42 +msgid "Show students the generated docs for the `rand` crate at https://docs.rs/rand." +msgstr "向学生展示在 `docs.rs/rand` 中为 `rand` crate 生成的文档。" -#: src/std-types/option.md +#: src/std-types/option.md:3 msgid "" -"We have already seen some use of `Option`. It stores either a value of " -"type `T` or nothing. For example, [`String::find`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" -"stable/std/string/struct.String.html#method.find) returns an `Option`." +"We have already seen some use of `Option`. It stores either a value of type `T` or " +"nothing. For example, `String::find` returns an `Option`." msgstr "" -"我们已经了解了 `Option` 的一些用法。它可以存储“T”类型的值，或者不存储任何" -"值。例如，['String::find'](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/string/" -"struct.String.html#method.find) 会返回 `Option`。" +"我们已经了解了 `Option` 的一些用法。它可以存储“T”类型的值，或者不存储任何值。例" +"如，'String::find' 会返回 `Option`。" -#: src/std-types/option.md +#: src/std-types/option.md:10 msgid "\"Löwe 老虎 Léopard Gepardi\"" msgstr "\"Löwe 老虎 Léopard Gepardi\"" -#: src/std-types/option.md +#: src/std-types/option.md:11 msgid "'é'" msgstr "'é'" -#: src/std-types/option.md +#: src/std-types/option.md:12 src/std-types/option.md:15 msgid "\"find returned {position:?}\"" msgstr "\"find returned {position:?}\"" -#: src/std-types/option.md +#: src/std-types/option.md:14 msgid "'Z'" msgstr "'Z'" -#: src/std-types/option.md +#: src/std-types/option.md:16 msgid "\"Character not found\"" msgstr "\"Character not found\"" -#: src/std-types/option.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-types/option.md:23 msgid "`Option` is widely used, not just in the standard library." -msgstr "`Option` 和 `Result` 的使用范围很广，不局限于标准库。" +msgstr "`Option` 的使用范围很广，不局限于标准库。" -#: src/std-types/option.md +#: src/std-types/option.md:24 msgid "" -"`unwrap` will return the value in an `Option`, or panic. `expect` is similar " -"but takes an error message." +"`unwrap` will return the value in an `Option`, or panic. `expect` is similar but takes " +"an error message." msgstr "" -"`unwrap` 会返回 `Option` 或 panic 中的值。`expect` 方法与此类似，但其使用错误" -"消息。" +"`unwrap` 会返回 `Option` 或 panic 中的值。`expect` 方法与此类似，但其使用错误消息。" -#: src/std-types/option.md -msgid "" -"You can panic on None, but you can't \"accidentally\" forget to check for " -"None." +#: src/std-types/option.md:26 +msgid "You can panic on None, but you can't \"accidentally\" forget to check for None." msgstr "出现 None 时您或许会恐慌，但不能 “无意中”忘记检查是否为 None 的情况。" -#: src/std-types/option.md +#: src/std-types/option.md:28 msgid "" -"It's common to `unwrap`/`expect` all over the place when hacking something " -"together, but production code typically handles `None` in a nicer fashion." +"It's common to `unwrap`/`expect` all over the place when hacking something together, but " +"production code typically handles `None` in a nicer fashion." msgstr "" -"在草拟阶段的编程中，频繁使用 `unwrap`/`expect` 进行处理十分常见，但在正式版代" -"码时，通常以更为妥当的方式处理 `None` 的情况。" +"在草拟阶段的编程中，频繁使用 `unwrap`/`expect` 进行处理十分常见，但在正式版代码时，通常以" +"更为妥当的方式处理 `None` 的情况。" -#: src/std-types/option.md +#: src/std-types/option.md:30 msgid "" -"The niche optimization means that `Option` often has the same size in " -"memory as `T`." +"The niche optimization means that `Option` often has the same size in memory as `T`." msgstr "小众优化意味着 `Option` 在内存中的大小通常与 `T` 相同。" -#: src/std-types/result.md -msgid "Result" -msgstr "Result" - -#: src/std-types/result.md +#: src/std-types/result.md:3 msgid "" -"`Result` is similar to `Option`, but indicates the success or failure of an " -"operation, each with a different type. This is similar to the `Res` defined " -"in the expression exercise, but generic: `Result` where `T` is used in " -"the `Ok` variant and `E` appears in the `Err` variant." +"`Result` is similar to `Option`, but indicates the success or failure of an operation, " +"each with a different type. This is similar to the `Res` defined in the expression " +"exercise, but generic: `Result` where `T` is used in the `Ok` variant and `E` " +"appears in the `Err` variant." msgstr "" -"`Result` 与 `Option` 相似，但表示操作成功或失败，且每个操作的类型不同。这类似" -"于表达式练习中定义的 `Res`，但是一个泛型：`Result`，其中 `T` 用于 `Ok` " -"变体，`E` 出现在 `Err` 变体中。" +"`Result` 与 `Option` 相似，但表示操作成功或失败，且每个操作的类型不同。这类似于表达式练习" +"中定义的 `Res`，但是一个泛型：`Result`，其中 `T` 用于 `Ok` 变体，`E` 出现在 `Err` " +"变体中。" -#: src/std-types/result.md +#: src/std-types/result.md:13 msgid "\"diary.txt\"" msgstr "\"diary.txt\"" -#: src/std-types/result.md +#: src/std-types/result.md:18 msgid "\"Dear diary: {contents} ({bytes} bytes)\"" msgstr "\"Dear diary: {contents} ({bytes} bytes)\"" -#: src/std-types/result.md +#: src/std-types/result.md:20 msgid "\"Could not read file content\"" msgstr "\"Could not read file content\"" -#: src/std-types/result.md +#: src/std-types/result.md:24 msgid "\"The diary could not be opened: {err}\"" msgstr "\"The diary could not be opened: {err}\"" -#: src/std-types/result.md +#: src/std-types/result.md:33 msgid "" -"As with `Option`, the successful value sits inside of `Result`, forcing the " -"developer to explicitly extract it. This encourages error checking. In the " -"case where an error should never happen, `unwrap()` or `expect()` can be " -"called, and this is a signal of the developer intent too." +"As with `Option`, the successful value sits inside of `Result`, forcing the developer to " +"explicitly extract it. This encourages error checking. In the case where an error should " +"never happen, `unwrap()` or `expect()` can be called, and this is a signal of the " +"developer intent too." msgstr "" -"与 `Option` 方法相同，成功值位于 `Result` 方法内部， 开发者必须显示提取成功" -"值。因此，建议进行错误检查。在绝不应出现错误的情况下， 可以调用 `unwrap()` " -"或 `expect()` 方法，这也是一种开发者意向信号。" +"与 `Option` 方法相同，成功值位于 `Result` 方法内部， 开发者必须显示提取成功值。因此，建议" +"进行错误检查。在绝不应出现错误的情况下， 可以调用 `unwrap()` 或 `expect()` 方法，这也是一" +"种开发者意向信号。" -#: src/std-types/result.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-types/result.md:37 msgid "" -"`Result` documentation is a recommended read. Not during the course, but it " -"is worth mentioning. It contains a lot of convenience methods and functions " -"that help functional-style programming." +"`Result` documentation is a recommended read. Not during the course, but it is worth " +"mentioning. It contains a lot of convenience methods and functions that help functional-" +"style programming." msgstr "" -"我们建议阅读 `Result` 文档。虽然课程中不会涉及该文档，但是有必要提到它。 该文" -"档中包含许多便捷的方法和函数，对于函数式编程很有帮助。" - -#: src/std-types/result.md -msgid "" -"`Result` is the standard type to implement error handling as we will see on " -"Day 3." -msgstr "`Result` 是用于实现错误处理的标准类型，我们将在第 3 天的课程中介绍。" +"我们建议阅读 `Result` 文档。虽然课程中不会涉及该文档，但是有必要提到它。 该文档中包含许多" +"便捷的方法和函数，对于函数式编程很有帮助。" -#: src/std-types/string.md -msgid "String" -msgstr "String" +#: src/std-types/result.md:40 +msgid "`Result` is the standard type to implement error handling as we will see on Day 4." +msgstr "`Result` 是用于实现错误处理的标准类型，我们将在第 4 天的课程中介绍。" -#: src/std-types/string.md -msgid "" -"[`String`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html) is the " -"standard heap-allocated growable UTF-8 string buffer:" -msgstr "" -"[`String`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html) 是标准堆" -"分配的可扩容 UTF-8 字符串缓冲区：" +#: src/std-types/string.md:3 +msgid "`String` is a growable UTF-8 encoded string:" +msgstr "`String` 是一个可变UTF-8编码的字符串：" -#: src/std-types/string.md src/std-traits/read-and-write.md -#: src/memory-management/review.md src/testing/unit-tests.md -#: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-types/string.md:8 src/std-traits/read-and-write.md:35 +#: src/memory-management/review.md:23 src/memory-management/review.md:58 +#: src/testing/unit-tests.md:32 src/testing/unit-tests.md:37 +#: src/concurrency/threads/scoped.md:9 src/concurrency/threads/scoped.md:26 msgid "\"Hello\"" msgstr "\"Hello\"" -#: src/std-types/string.md +#: src/std-types/string.md:9 msgid "\"s1: len = {}, capacity = {}\"" msgstr "\"s1: len = {}, capacity = {}\"" -#: src/std-types/string.md +#: src/std-types/string.md:13 msgid "'!'" msgstr "'!'" -#: src/std-types/string.md +#: src/std-types/string.md:14 msgid "\"s2: len = {}, capacity = {}\"" msgstr "\"s2: len = {}, capacity = {}\"" -#: src/std-types/string.md +#: src/std-types/string.md:16 msgid "\"🇨🇭\"" msgstr "\"🇨🇭\"" -#: src/std-types/string.md +#: src/std-types/string.md:17 msgid "\"s3: len = {}, number of chars = {}\"" msgstr "\"s3: len = {}, number of chars = {}\"" -#: src/std-types/string.md +#: src/std-types/string.md:21 msgid "" -"`String` implements [`Deref`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" -"string/struct.String.html#deref-methods-str), which means that you can call " -"all `str` methods on a `String`." +"`String` implements `Deref`, which means that you can call all `str` " +"methods on a `String`." msgstr "" -"`String` 会实现 [`Deref`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/" -"struct.String.html#deref-methods-str)，这意味着您可以 对 `String` 调用所有 " -"`str` 方法。" +"`String` 会实现 `Deref`，这意味着您可以 对 `String` 调用所有 `str` 方法。" -#: src/std-types/string.md +#: src/std-types/string.md:30 msgid "" -"`String::new` returns a new empty string, use `String::with_capacity` when " -"you know how much data you want to push to the string." +"`String::new` returns a new empty string, use `String::with_capacity` when you know how " +"much data you want to push to the string." msgstr "" -"“String::new”会返回一个新的空字符串，如果您知道自己想要推送到字符串的数据量，" -"请使用“String::with_capacity”。" +"“String::new”会返回一个新的空字符串，如果您知道自己想要推送到字符串的数据量，请使" +"用“String::with_capacity”。" -#: src/std-types/string.md +#: src/std-types/string.md:32 msgid "" -"`String::len` returns the size of the `String` in bytes (which can be " -"different from its length in characters)." -msgstr "" -"“String::len”会返回“String”的大小（以字节为单位，可能不同于以字符为单位的长" -"度）。" +"`String::len` returns the size of the `String` in bytes (which can be different from its " +"length in characters)." +msgstr "“String::len”会返回“String”的大小（以字节为单位，可能不同于以字符为单位的长度）。" -#: src/std-types/string.md +#: src/std-types/string.md:34 msgid "" -"`String::chars` returns an iterator over the actual characters. Note that a " -"`char` can be different from what a human will consider a \"character\" due " -"to [grapheme clusters](https://docs.rs/unicode-segmentation/latest/" -"unicode_segmentation/struct.Graphemes.html)." +"`String::chars` returns an iterator over the actual characters. Note that a `char` can " +"be different from what a human will consider a \"character\" due to grapheme clusters." msgstr "" -"“String::chars”会针对实际字符返回一个迭代器。请注意，由于[字素簇](https://" -"docs.rs/unicode-segmentation/latest/unicode_segmentation/struct.Graphemes." -"html)，“char”可能与人们所认为的“字符”有所不同。" +"`String::chars` 会针对实际字符返回一个迭代器。请注意，由于字素簇，`char` 可能与人们所认为" +"的“字符”有所不同。" -#: src/std-types/string.md -msgid "" -"When people refer to strings they could either be talking about `&str` or " -"`String`." +#: src/std-types/string.md:37 +msgid "When people refer to strings they could either be talking about `&str` or `String`." msgstr "当人们提到字符串时，可能是指“&str”或“String”。" -#: src/std-types/string.md +#: src/std-types/string.md:39 msgid "" -"When a type implements `Deref`, the compiler will let you " -"transparently call methods from `T`." -msgstr "" -"当某个类型实现“Deref\\”时，编译器会让您以公开透明方式从“T”调用方" -"法。" +"When a type implements `Deref`, the compiler will let you transparently call " +"methods from `T`." +msgstr "当某个类型实现“Deref\\”时，编译器会让您以公开透明方式从“T”调用方法。" -#: src/std-types/string.md +#: src/std-types/string.md:41 msgid "" -"We haven't discussed the `Deref` trait yet, so at this point this mostly " -"explains the structure of the sidebar in the documentation." +"We haven't discussed the `Deref` trait yet, so at this point this mostly explains the " +"structure of the sidebar in the documentation." msgstr "我们尚未讨论过 `Deref` trait，所以本部分目前主要介绍文档中边栏的结构。" -#: src/std-types/string.md +#: src/std-types/string.md:43 msgid "" -"`String` implements `Deref` which transparently gives it " -"access to `str`'s methods." -msgstr "" -"“String”会实现“Deref\\”，后者可公开透明地授予其访问“str”方法的" -"权限。" +"`String` implements `Deref` which transparently gives it access to `str`'s " +"methods." +msgstr "“String”会实现“Deref\\”，后者可公开透明地授予其访问“str”方法的权限。" -#: src/std-types/string.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-types/string.md:45 msgid "Write and compare `let s3 = s1.deref();` and `let s3 = &*s1;`." msgstr "写下并比较“let s3 = s1.deref();”和“let s3 = &\\*s1;”。" -#: src/std-types/string.md +#: src/std-types/string.md:46 msgid "" -"`String` is implemented as a wrapper around a vector of bytes, many of the " -"operations you see supported on vectors are also supported on `String`, but " -"with some extra guarantees." +"`String` is implemented as a wrapper around a vector of bytes, many of the operations " +"you see supported on vectors are also supported on `String`, but with some extra " +"guarantees." msgstr "" -"“String”是作为字节矢量的封装容器实现的，矢量上支持的许多操作在“String”上也受" -"支持，但有一些额外保证。" +"“String”是作为字节矢量的封装容器实现的，矢量上支持的许多操作在“String”上也受支持，但有一" +"些额外保证。" -#: src/std-types/string.md +#: src/std-types/string.md:49 msgid "Compare the different ways to index a `String`:" msgstr "比较将“String”编入索引的不同方式：" -#: src/std-types/string.md +#: src/std-types/string.md:50 msgid "" -"To a character by using `s3.chars().nth(i).unwrap()` where `i` is in-bound, " -"out-of-bounds." +"To a character by using `s3.chars().nth(i).unwrap()` where `i` is in-bound, out-of-" +"bounds." msgstr "使用“s3.chars().nth(i).unwrap()”转换为字符，其中“i”代表是否出界。" -#: src/std-types/string.md +#: src/std-types/string.md:52 msgid "" -"To a substring by using `s3[0..4]`, where that slice is on character " -"boundaries or not." -msgstr "" -"通过使用“s3\\[0..4\\]”转换为子字符串，其中该 Slice 在或不在字符边界上。" +"To a substring by using `s3[0..4]`, where that slice is on character boundaries or not." +msgstr "通过使用“s3\\[0..4\\]”转换为子字符串，其中该 Slice 在或不在字符边界上。" -#: src/std-types/string.md +#: src/std-types/string.md:54 msgid "" -"Many types can be converted to a string with the [`to_string`](https://doc." -"rust-lang.org/std/string/trait.ToString.html#tymethod.to_string) method. " -"This trait is automatically implemented for all types that implement " -"`Display`, so anything that can be formatted can also be converted to a " -"string." +"Many types can be converted to a string with the `to_string` method. This trait is " +"automatically implemented for all types that implement `Display`, so anything that can " +"be formatted can also be converted to a string." msgstr "" +"许多类型都可以通过 `to_string` 方法转换为字符串。所有实现了 `Display` 的类型都会自动实现" +"这一特性，因此任何可以格式化的类型都可以转换为字符串。" -#: src/std-types/vec.md -msgid "" -"[`Vec`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html) is the standard " -"resizable heap-allocated buffer:" -msgstr "" -"[`Vec`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html) 是标准的可调整大小" -"堆分配缓冲区：" +#: src/std-types/vec.md:3 +msgid "`Vec` is the standard resizable heap-allocated buffer:" +msgstr "`Vec` 是标准的可调整大小堆分配缓冲区：" -#: src/std-types/vec.md +#: src/std-types/vec.md:9 msgid "\"v1: len = {}, capacity = {}\"" msgstr "\"v1: len = {}, capacity = {}\"" -#: src/std-types/vec.md +#: src/std-types/vec.md:14 msgid "\"v2: len = {}, capacity = {}\"" msgstr "\"v2: len = {}, capacity = {}\"" -#: src/std-types/vec.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-types/vec.md:16 msgid "// Canonical macro to initialize a vector with elements." -msgstr "// Canonical macro to initialize a vector with elements.\n" +msgstr "// 用于初始化包含元素的向量的规范宏。" -#: src/std-types/vec.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-types/vec.md:19 msgid "// Retain only the even elements." -msgstr "// Retain only the even elements.\n" +msgstr "// 只保留偶数元素。" -#: src/std-types/vec.md +#: src/std-types/vec.md:21 src/std-types/vec.md:25 msgid "\"{v3:?}\"" msgstr "\"{v3:?}\"" -#: src/std-types/vec.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-types/vec.md:23 msgid "// Remove consecutive duplicates." -msgstr "// Remove consecutive duplicates.\n" +msgstr "// 删除连续的重复数据。" -#: src/std-types/vec.md +#: src/std-types/vec.md:29 msgid "" -"`Vec` implements [`Deref`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/" -"struct.Vec.html#deref-methods-%5BT%5D), which means that you can call slice " -"methods on a `Vec`." -msgstr "" -"`Vec` 会实现 [`Deref`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/" -"struct.Vec.html#deref-methods-%5BT%5D)，这意味着您可以对 `Vec` 调用 slice 方" -"法。" +"`Vec` implements `Deref`, which means that you can call slice methods on a " +"`Vec`." +msgstr "`Vec` 会实现 `Deref`，这意味着您可以对 `Vec` 调用 slice 方法。" -#: src/std-types/vec.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-types/vec.md:38 msgid "" -"`Vec` is a type of collection, along with `String` and `HashMap`. The data " -"it contains is stored on the heap. This means the amount of data doesn't " -"need to be known at compile time. It can grow or shrink at runtime." +"`Vec` is a type of collection, along with `String` and `HashMap`. The data it contains " +"is stored on the heap. This means the amount of data doesn't need to be known at compile " +"time. It can grow or shrink at runtime." msgstr "" -"“Vec”以及“String”和“HashMap”都是一种集合。它包含的数据会存储在堆上。这意味着" -"在编译时不需要知道数据量。它可以在运行时增大或缩小。" +"`Vec` 与 `String` 和 `HashMap` 同属集合类型。它所包含的数据存储在堆上。这意味着在编译时不" +"需要知道数据量。它可以在运行时增大或缩小。" -#: src/std-types/vec.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-types/vec.md:41 msgid "" -"Notice how `Vec` is a generic type too, but you don't have to specify `T` " -"explicitly. As always with Rust type inference, the `T` was established " -"during the first `push` call." +"Notice how `Vec` is a generic type too, but you don't have to specify `T` explicitly. " +"As always with Rust type inference, the `T` was established during the first `push` call." msgstr "" -"请注意，“Vec\n" -"\n" -"”也是一种泛型，但您不必明确指定“T”。和往常的 Rust 类别推断一样，系统会在第一" -"次“push”调用期间建立“T”。" +"请注意，`Vec` 也是一种泛型，但您不必明确指定`T`。和往常的 Rust 类别推断一样，系统会在第一" +"次`push`调用期间建立`T`。" -#: src/std-types/vec.md +#: src/std-types/vec.md:44 msgid "" -"`vec![...]` is a canonical macro to use instead of `Vec::new()` and it " -"supports adding initial elements to the vector." -msgstr "" -"“vec![...\\]”是用来代替“Vec::new()”的规范化宏，它支持向矢量添加初始元素。" +"`vec![...]` is a canonical macro to use instead of `Vec::new()` and it supports adding " +"initial elements to the vector." +msgstr "“vec![...\\]”是用来代替“Vec::new()”的规范化宏，它支持向矢量添加初始元素。" -#: src/std-types/vec.md +#: src/std-types/vec.md:46 msgid "" "To index the vector you use `[` `]`, but they will panic if out of bounds. " -"Alternatively, using `get` will return an `Option`. The `pop` function will " -"remove the last element." +"Alternatively, using `get` will return an `Option`. The `pop` function will remove the " +"last element." msgstr "" -"如需将矢量编入索引，您可以使用“\\[’ ‘\\]”方法，但如果超出边界，矢量将会 " -"panic。此外，使用“get”将返回“Option”。“pop”函数会移除最后一个元素。" +"如需将矢量编入索引，您可以使用“\\[’ ‘\\]”方法，但如果超出边界，矢量将会 panic。此外，使" +"用“get”将返回“Option”。“pop”函数会移除最后一个元素。" -#: src/std-types/vec.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-types/vec.md:49 msgid "" -"Slices are covered on day 3. For now, students only need to know that a " -"value of type `Vec` gives access to all of the documented slice methods, too." +"Slices are covered on day 3. For now, students only need to know that a value of type " +"`Vec` gives access to all of the documented slice methods, too." msgstr "" -"第 3 天会介绍 slice。目前，学生只需知道使用 `Vec` 类型的值也可访问所有已载明" -"的只读 slice 方法。" +"切片将在第 3 天介绍。现在，学生们只需知道 `Vec` 类型的值也可以访问所有记录的切片方法。" -#: src/std-types/hashmap.md +#: src/std-types/hashmap.md:3 msgid "Standard hash map with protection against HashDoS attacks:" msgstr "标准的哈希映射，内含针对 HashDoS 攻击的保护措施：" -#: src/std-types/hashmap.md +#: src/std-types/hashmap.md:10 msgid "\"Adventures of Huckleberry Finn\"" msgstr "\"Adventures of Huckleberry Finn\"" -#: src/std-types/hashmap.md +#: src/std-types/hashmap.md:11 msgid "\"Grimms' Fairy Tales\"" msgstr "\"Grimms' Fairy Tales\"" -#: src/std-types/hashmap.md +#: src/std-types/hashmap.md:12 src/std-types/hashmap.md:21 src/std-types/hashmap.md:29 msgid "\"Pride and Prejudice\"" msgstr "\"Pride and Prejudice\"" -#: src/std-types/hashmap.md +#: src/std-types/hashmap.md:14 msgid "\"Les Misérables\"" msgstr "\"Les Misérables\"" -#: src/std-types/hashmap.md +#: src/std-types/hashmap.md:16 msgid "\"We know about {} books, but not Les Misérables.\"" msgstr "\"We know about {} books, but not Les Misérables.\"" -#: src/std-types/hashmap.md +#: src/std-types/hashmap.md:21 src/std-types/hashmap.md:29 msgid "\"Alice's Adventure in Wonderland\"" msgstr "\"Alice's Adventure in Wonderland\"" -#: src/std-types/hashmap.md +#: src/std-types/hashmap.md:23 msgid "\"{book}: {count} pages\"" msgstr "\"{book}: {count} pages\"" -#: src/std-types/hashmap.md +#: src/std-types/hashmap.md:24 msgid "\"{book} is unknown.\"" msgstr "\"{book} is unknown.\"" -#: src/std-types/hashmap.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-types/hashmap.md:28 msgid "// Use the .entry() method to insert a value if nothing is found." -msgstr "// Use the .entry() method to insert a value if nothing is found.\n" +msgstr "// 如果没有找到任何值，则使用 .entry() 方法插入一个值。" -#: src/std-types/hashmap.md +#: src/std-types/hashmap.md:34 msgid "\"{page_counts:#?}\"" msgstr "\"{page_counts:#?}\"" -#: src/std-types/hashmap.md -msgid "" -"`HashMap` is not defined in the prelude and needs to be brought into scope." +#: src/std-types/hashmap.md:41 +msgid "`HashMap` is not defined in the prelude and needs to be brought into scope." msgstr "“HashMap”未在序言中定义，因此需要纳入范围中。" -#: src/std-types/hashmap.md +#: src/std-types/hashmap.md:42 msgid "" -"Try the following lines of code. The first line will see if a book is in the " -"hashmap and if not return an alternative value. The second line will insert " -"the alternative value in the hashmap if the book is not found." +"Try the following lines of code. The first line will see if a book is in the hashmap and " +"if not return an alternative value. The second line will insert the alternative value in " +"the hashmap if the book is not found." msgstr "" -"请尝试使用以下代码行。第一行将查看图书是否在 hashmap 中；如果不在，则返回替代" -"值。如果未找到图书，第二行会在 hashmap 中插入替代值。" +"请尝试使用以下代码行。第一行将查看图书是否在 hashmap 中；如果不在，则返回替代值。如果未找" +"到图书，第二行会在 hashmap 中插入替代值。" -#: src/std-types/hashmap.md +#: src/std-types/hashmap.md:48 src/std-types/hashmap.md:60 msgid "\"Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone\"" msgstr "\"Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone\"" -#: src/std-types/hashmap.md +#: src/std-types/hashmap.md:51 src/std-types/hashmap.md:61 msgid "\"The Hunger Games\"" msgstr "\"The Hunger Games\"" -#: src/std-types/hashmap.md +#: src/std-types/hashmap.md:54 msgid "Unlike `vec!`, there is unfortunately no standard `hashmap!` macro." msgstr "遗憾的是，与“vec!”不同，不存在标准的“hashmap!”宏。" -#: src/std-types/hashmap.md +#: src/std-types/hashmap.md:55 msgid "" -"Although, since Rust 1.56, HashMap implements [`From<[(K, V); N]>`](https://" -"doc.rust-lang.org/std/collections/hash_map/struct.HashMap.html#impl-" -"From%3C%5B(K,+V);+N%5D%3E-for-HashMap%3CK,+V,+RandomState%3E), which allows " -"us to easily initialize a hash map from a literal array:" +"Although, since Rust 1.56, HashMap implements `From<[(K, V); N]>`, which allows us to " +"easily initialize a hash map from a literal array:" msgstr "" -"不过，从 Rust 1.56 开始，HashMap 实现了[“From\\<\\[(K, V); N\\]\\>”](https://" -"doc.rust-lang.org/std/collections/hash_map/struct.HashMap.html#impl-" -"From%3C%5B(K,+V);+N%5D%3E-for-HashMap%3CK,+V,+RandomState%3E)，让我们能够轻松" -"地从字面量数组初始化哈希映射：" +"不过，自 Rust 1.56 起，HashMap 实现了 `From<[(K,V);N]>`，这让我们可以轻松地从字面数组初始" +"化散列映射：" -#: src/std-types/hashmap.md +#: src/std-types/hashmap.md:65 msgid "" -"Alternatively HashMap can be built from any `Iterator` which yields key-" -"value tuples." +"Alternatively HashMap can be built from any `Iterator` which yields key-value tuples." msgstr "或者，HashMap 也可以基于任何可生成键-值元组的“Iterator”进行构建。" -#: src/std-types/hashmap.md +#: src/std-types/hashmap.md:67 msgid "" -"We are showing `HashMap`, and avoid using `&str` as key to make " -"examples easier. Using references in collections can, of course, be done, " -"but it can lead into complications with the borrow checker." +"We are showing `HashMap`, and avoid using `&str` as key to make examples " +"easier. Using references in collections can, of course, be done, but it can lead into " +"complications with the borrow checker." msgstr "" -"我们要展示“HashMap\\”，避免将“&str”用作键，以便简化示例。当然，" -"可以在集合中使用引用，但可能会导致借用检查器出现复杂问题。" +"我们要展示“HashMap\\”，避免将“&str”用作键，以便简化示例。当然，可以在集合中" +"使用引用，但可能会导致借用检查器出现复杂问题。" -#: src/std-types/hashmap.md +#: src/std-types/hashmap.md:70 msgid "" -"Try removing `to_string()` from the example above and see if it still " -"compiles. Where do you think we might run into issues?" +"Try removing `to_string()` from the example above and see if it still compiles. Where do " +"you think we might run into issues?" msgstr "" -"尝试从上述示例中移除“to_string()”，看看它是否仍可编译。您认为我们可能会在哪些" -"方面遇到问题？" +"尝试从上述示例中移除“to_string()”，看看它是否仍可编译。您认为我们可能会在哪些方面遇到问" +"题？" -#: src/std-types/hashmap.md +#: src/std-types/hashmap.md:73 msgid "" -"This type has several \"method-specific\" return types, such as `std::" -"collections::hash_map::Keys`. These types often appear in searches of the " -"Rust docs. Show students the docs for this type, and the helpful link back " -"to the `keys` method." +"This type has several \"method-specific\" return types, such as `std::collections::" +"hash_map::Keys`. These types often appear in searches of the Rust docs. Show students " +"the docs for this type, and the helpful link back to the `keys` method." msgstr "" -"此类型具有几种特定于方法的返回值类型，例如“std::collections::hash_map::" -"Keys”。这些类型通常会出现在 Rust 文档的搜索结果中。向学员展示此类型的文档，以" -"及指向“keys”方法的实用链接。" +"此类型具有几种特定于方法的返回值类型，例如“std::collections::hash_map::Keys”。这些类型通" +"常会出现在 Rust 文档的搜索结果中。向学员展示此类型的文档，以及指向“keys”方法的实用链接。" -#: src/std-types/exercise.md +#: src/std-types/exercise.md:3 msgid "" -"In this exercise you will take a very simple data structure and make it " -"generic. It uses a [`std::collections::HashMap`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" -"stable/std/collections/struct.HashMap.html) to keep track of which values " -"have been seen and how many times each one has appeared." +"In this exercise you will take a very simple data structure and make it generic. It uses " +"a `std::collections::HashMap` to keep track of which values have been seen and how many " +"times each one has appeared." msgstr "" -"在本练习中，您将学习一个非常简单的数据结构，并将其变成泛型的。该结构使用 " -"[`std::collections::HashMap`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/" -"collections/struct.HashMap.html) 来跟踪已经出现过的值以及每个值出现的次数。" +"在本练习中，你将使用一个非常简单的数据结构并将其通用化。它使用一个 `std::collections::" +"HashMap` 来跟踪哪些值已经出现过，以及每个值出现了多少次。" -#: src/std-types/exercise.md +#: src/std-types/exercise.md:9 msgid "" -"The initial version of `Counter` is hard coded to only work for `u32` " -"values. Make the struct and its methods generic over the type of value being " -"tracked, that way `Counter` can track any type of value." +"The initial version of `Counter` is hard coded to only work for `u32` values. Make the " +"struct and its methods generic over the type of value being tracked, that way `Counter` " +"can track any type of value." msgstr "" -"`Counter` 的初始版本经过硬编码，仅适用于 `u32` 值。使结构体及其方法可用于所跟" -"踪的值类型，以便 `Counter` 能够跟踪任何类型的值。" +"`Counter` 的初始版本经过硬编码，仅适用于 `u32` 值。使结构体及其方法可用于所跟踪的值类型，" +"以便 `Counter` 能够跟踪任何类型的值。" -#: src/std-types/exercise.md +#: src/std-types/exercise.md:13 msgid "" -"If you finish early, try using the [`entry`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" -"stable/std/collections/struct.HashMap.html#method.entry) method to halve the " -"number of hash lookups required to implement the `count` method." +"If you finish early, try using the `entry` method to halve the number of hash lookups " +"required to implement the `count` method." msgstr "" -"如果提前完成操作，请尝试使用 [`entry`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/" -"collections/struct.HashMap.html#method.entry) 方法将哈希查找次数减半，从而实" -"现 `count` 方法。" +"如果你提前完成，可以尝试使用 `entry` 方法，将执行 `count` 方法所需的哈希查找次数减半。" -#: src/std-types/exercise.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"/// Counter counts the number of times each value of type T has been seen." -msgstr "" -"/// Counter counts the number of times each value of type T has been seen.\n" +#: src/std-types/exercise.md:20 src/std-types/solution.md:6 +msgid "/// Counter counts the number of times each value of type T has been seen." +msgstr "/// 计数器计算 T 类型的每个值出现的次数。" -#: src/std-types/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-types/exercise.md:27 src/std-types/solution.md:13 msgid "/// Create a new Counter." -msgstr "/// Create a new Counter.\n" +msgstr "/// 创建一个新的计数器。" -#: src/std-types/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-types/exercise.md:34 src/std-types/solution.md:18 msgid "/// Count an occurrence of the given value." -msgstr "/// Count an occurrence of the given value.\n" +msgstr "/// 计算给定值的出现次数。" -#: src/std-types/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-types/exercise.md:43 src/std-types/solution.md:23 msgid "/// Return the number of times the given value has been seen." -msgstr "/// Return the number of times the given value has been seen.\n" +msgstr "/// 返回给定值的出现次数。" -#: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md +#: src/std-types/exercise.md:59 src/std-types/solution.md:39 msgid "\"saw {} values equal to {}\"" msgstr "\"saw {} values equal to {}\"" -#: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md +#: src/std-types/exercise.md:63 src/std-types/exercise.md:65 src/std-types/exercise.md:66 +#: src/std-types/solution.md:43 src/std-types/solution.md:45 src/std-types/solution.md:46 msgid "\"apple\"" msgstr "\"apple\"" -#: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md +#: src/std-types/exercise.md:64 src/std-types/solution.md:44 msgid "\"orange\"" msgstr "\"orange\"" -#: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md +#: src/std-types/exercise.md:66 src/std-types/solution.md:46 msgid "\"got {} apples\"" msgstr "\"got {} apples\"" -#: src/std-types/solution.md -msgid "" -"/// Counter counts the number of times each value of type T has been seen.\n" -msgstr "" -"/// Counter counts the number of times each value of type T has been seen.\n" - -#: src/std-types/solution.md -msgid "/// Create a new Counter.\n" -msgstr "/// Create a new Counter.\n" - -#: src/std-types/solution.md -msgid "/// Count an occurrence of the given value.\n" -msgstr "/// Count an occurrence of the given value.\n" - -#: src/std-types/solution.md -msgid "/// Return the number of times the given value has been seen.\n" -msgstr "/// Return the number of times the given value has been seen.\n" - -#: src/std-traits.md -msgid "[Comparisons](./std-traits/comparisons.md) (10 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/std-traits.md -msgid "[Operators](./std-traits/operators.md) (10 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/std-traits.md -msgid "[From and Into](./std-traits/from-and-into.md) (10 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/std-traits.md -msgid "[Casting](./std-traits/casting.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/std-traits.md -msgid "[Read and Write](./std-traits/read-and-write.md) (10 minutes)" -msgstr "" - #: src/std-traits.md -msgid "[Default, struct update syntax](./std-traits/default.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" +msgid "This segment should take about 1 hour and 40 minutes. It contains:" +msgstr "这部分内容大约需要 1 小时 40 分钟。它包括：" #: src/std-traits.md -msgid "[Closures](./std-traits/closures.md) (20 minutes)" -msgstr "" +msgid "From and Into" +msgstr "From 和 Into" #: src/std-traits.md -msgid "[Exercise: ROT13](./std-traits/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" -msgstr "" +msgid "Read and Write" +msgstr "Read 和 Write" #: src/std-traits.md -msgid "This segment should take about 1 hour and 40 minutes" -msgstr "" +msgid "Default, struct update syntax" +msgstr "Default，结构体更新语法" #: src/std-traits.md msgid "" -"As with the standard-library types, spend time reviewing the documentation " -"for each trait." +"As with the standard-library types, spend time reviewing the documentation for each " +"trait." msgstr "与标准库类型一样，请花些时间仔细阅读每个 trait 的文档。" #: src/std-traits.md msgid "This section is long. Take a break midway through." msgstr "此部分内容较长。中途可休息一下。" -#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md +#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md:3 msgid "" -"These traits support comparisons between values. All traits can be derived " -"for types containing fields that implement these traits." +"These traits support comparisons between values. All traits can be derived for types " +"containing fields that implement these traits." msgstr "" -"这些 trait 支持在值之间进行比较。对于包含实现这些 trait 的字段，可以派生所有" -"这些 trait。" +"这些 trait 支持在值之间进行比较。对于包含实现这些 trait 的字段，可以派生所有这些 trait。" -#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md:6 msgid "`PartialEq` and `Eq`" msgstr "`PartialEq` 和 `Eq`" -#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md +#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md:8 msgid "" -"`PartialEq` is a partial equivalence relation, with required method `eq` and " -"provided method `ne`. The `==` and `!=` operators will call these methods." +"`PartialEq` is a partial equivalence relation, with required method `eq` and provided " +"method `ne`. The `==` and `!=` operators will call these methods." msgstr "" -"`PartialEq` 指部分等价关系，其中包含必需的方法 `eq` 和提供的方法 `ne`。`==` " -"和 `!=` 运算符会调用这些方法。" +"`PartialEq` 指部分等价关系，其中包含必需的方法 `eq` 和提供的方法 `ne`。`==` 和 `!=` 运算" +"符会调用这些方法。" -#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md:23 msgid "" -"`Eq` is a full equivalence relation (reflexive, symmetric, and transitive) " -"and implies `PartialEq`. Functions that require full equivalence will use " -"`Eq` as a trait bound." +"`Eq` is a full equivalence relation (reflexive, symmetric, and transitive) and implies " +"`PartialEq`. Functions that require full equivalence will use `Eq` as a trait bound." msgstr "" -"`Eq` 指完全等价关系（具有自反性、对称性和传递性），并且隐含了 `PartialEq`。需" -"要完全等价的函数将使用 `Eq` 作为特征边界。" +"`Eq` 是完全等价关系（反身、对称和传递），并蕴含 `PartialEq`。需要完全等价的函数将使用 " +"`Eq` 作为特性约束。" -#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md:27 msgid "`PartialOrd` and `Ord`" msgstr "`PartialOrd` 和 `Ord`" -#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md +#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md:29 msgid "" -"`PartialOrd` defines a partial ordering, with a `partial_cmp` method. It is " -"used to implement the `<`, `<=`, `>=`, and `>` operators." +"`PartialOrd` defines a partial ordering, with a `partial_cmp` method. It is used to " +"implement the `<`, `<=`, `>=`, and `>` operators." msgstr "" -"`PartialOrd` 定义了使用 `partial_cmp` 方法的部分排序。它用于实现 `<`、`<=`、" -"`>=` 和 `>` 运算符。" +"`PartialOrd` 定义了使用 `partial_cmp` 方法的部分排序。它用于实现 `<`、`<=`、`>=` 和 `>` " +"运算符。" -#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md +#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md:49 msgid "`Ord` is a total ordering, with `cmp` returning `Ordering`." msgstr "`Ord` 是总排序，其中 `cmp` 返回 `Ordering`。" -#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md +#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md:54 msgid "" -"`PartialEq` can be implemented between different types, but `Eq` cannot, " -"because it is reflexive:" +"`PartialEq` can be implemented between different types, but `Eq` cannot, because it is " +"reflexive:" msgstr "`PartialEq` 可以在不同类型之间实现，但 `Eq` 不能，因为它具有自反性：" -#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md -msgid "" -"In practice, it's common to derive these traits, but uncommon to implement " -"them." +#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md:69 +msgid "In practice, it's common to derive these traits, but uncommon to implement them." msgstr "在实践中，派生这些 trait 很常见，但很少会实现它们。" -#: src/std-traits/operators.md -msgid "" -"Operator overloading is implemented via traits in [`std::ops`](https://doc." -"rust-lang.org/std/ops/index.html):" -msgstr "" -"运算符重载是通过 [`std::ops`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/index.html) " -"中的特征实现的：" +#: src/std-traits/operators.md:3 +msgid "Operator overloading is implemented via traits in `std::ops`:" +msgstr "操作符重载是通过 `std::ops` 中的 traits 实现的：" -#: src/std-traits/operators.md +#: src/std-traits/operators.md:23 msgid "\"{:?} + {:?} = {:?}\"" msgstr "\"{:?} + {:?} = {:?}\"" -#: src/std-traits/operators.md src/memory-management/drop.md +#: src/std-traits/operators.md:30 src/memory-management/drop.md:48 msgid "Discussion points:" msgstr "讨论点：" -#: src/std-traits/operators.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"You could implement `Add` for `&Point`. In which situations is that useful?" -msgstr "您可以针对 `&Point` 实现 `Add`。此做法在哪些情况下可派上用场？" +#: src/std-traits/operators.md:32 +msgid "You could implement `Add` for `&Point`. In which situations is that useful?" +msgstr "您可以为`&Point`实现`Add`。这在哪些情况下有用？" -#: src/std-traits/operators.md +#: src/std-traits/operators.md:33 msgid "" -"Answer: `Add:add` consumes `self`. If type `T` for which you are overloading " -"the operator is not `Copy`, you should consider overloading the operator for " -"`&T` as well. This avoids unnecessary cloning on the call site." +"Answer: `Add:add` consumes `self`. If type `T` for which you are overloading the " +"operator is not `Copy`, you should consider overloading the operator for `&T` as well. " +"This avoids unnecessary cloning on the call site." msgstr "" -"回答：`Add:add` 会耗用 `self`。如果您的运算符重载对象 （即类型 `T`）不是 " -"`Copy`，建议您也为 `&T` 重载运算符。这可避免调用点上存在不必要的 克隆任务。" +"回答：`Add:add` 会耗用 `self`。如果您的运算符重载对象 （即类型 `T`）不是 `Copy`，建议您也" +"为 `&T` 重载运算符。这可避免调用点上存在不必要的 克隆任务。" -#: src/std-traits/operators.md +#: src/std-traits/operators.md:36 msgid "" -"Why is `Output` an associated type? Could it be made a type parameter of the " -"method?" +"Why is `Output` an associated type? Could it be made a type parameter of the method?" msgstr "为什么 `Output` 是关联类型？可将它用作该方法的类型形参吗？" -#: src/std-traits/operators.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-traits/operators.md:38 msgid "" -"Short answer: Function type parameters are controlled by the caller, but " -"associated types (like `Output`) are controlled by the implementer of a " -"trait." -msgstr "" -"简答：函数类型形参是由调用方控管，但 `Output` 这类关联类型则由特征实现人员 控" -"管。" +"Short answer: Function type parameters are controlled by the caller, but associated " +"types (like `Output`) are controlled by the implementer of a trait." +msgstr "简答：函数类型参数由调用者控制，但关联类型（如 `Output` ）则由特质的实现者控制。" -#: src/std-traits/operators.md +#: src/std-traits/operators.md:41 msgid "" -"You could implement `Add` for two different types, e.g. `impl Add<(i32, " -"i32)> for Point` would add a tuple to a `Point`." +"You could implement `Add` for two different types, e.g. `impl Add<(i32, i32)> for Point` " +"would add a tuple to a `Point`." msgstr "" -"您可以针对两种不同类型实现 `Add`，例如， `impl Add<(i32, i32)> for Point` 会" -"向 `Point` 中添加元组。" +"您可以针对两种不同类型实现 `Add`，例如， `impl Add<(i32, i32)> for Point` 会向 `Point` 中" +"添加元组。" -#: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md -msgid "" -"Types implement [`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From." -"html) and [`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) to " -"facilitate type conversions:" -msgstr "" -"类型会实现 [`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) " -"和 [`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) 以加快类型" -"转换：" +#: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md:3 +msgid "Types implement `From` and `Into` to facilitate type conversions:" +msgstr "类型实现了 `From` 和 `Into`，以方便类型转换：" -#: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md +#: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md:11 src/std-traits/from-and-into.md:23 msgid "\"{s}, {addr}, {one}, {bigger}\"" msgstr "\"{s}, {addr}, {one}, {bigger}\"" -#: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md -msgid "" -"[`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) is " -"automatically implemented when [`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" -"convert/trait.From.html) is implemented:" -msgstr "" -"实现 [`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) 后，系统" -"会自动实现 [`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html)：" +#: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md:15 +msgid "`Into` is automatically implemented when `From` is implemented:" +msgstr "当执行 `From` 时，会自动执行 `Into`：" -#: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md +#: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md:30 msgid "" -"That's why it is common to only implement `From`, as your type will get " -"`Into` implementation too." +"That's why it is common to only implement `From`, as your type will get `Into` " +"implementation too." msgstr "这就是为什么通常只需实现 `From`，因为您的类型也会实现 `Into`。" -#: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md +#: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md:32 msgid "" -"When declaring a function argument input type like \"anything that can be " -"converted into a `String`\", the rule is opposite, you should use `Into`. " -"Your function will accept types that implement `From` and those that _only_ " -"implement `Into`." +"When declaring a function argument input type like \"anything that can be converted into " +"a `String`\", the rule is opposite, you should use `Into`. Your function will accept " +"types that implement `From` and those that _only_ implement `Into`." msgstr "" -"若要声明某个函数实参输入类型（例如“任何可转换成 `String` 的类型”），规则便会" -"相反，此时应使用 `Into`。 您的函数会接受可实现 `From` 的类型，以及那些仅实现 " -"`Into` 的类型。" +"若要声明某个函数实参输入类型（例如“任何可转换成 `String` 的类型”），规则便会相反，此时应" +"使用 `Into`。 您的函数会接受可实现 `From` 的类型，以及那些仅实现 `Into` 的类型。" -#: src/std-traits/casting.md +#: src/std-traits/casting.md:3 msgid "" -"Rust has no _implicit_ type conversions, but does support explicit casts " -"with `as`. These generally follow C semantics where those are defined." +"Rust has no _implicit_ type conversions, but does support explicit casts with `as`. " +"These generally follow C semantics where those are defined." msgstr "" -"Rust 不支持 _implicit_ 类型转换，但支持使用 `as` 进行显式转换。这些转换通常遵" -"循定义它们的 C 语义。" +"Rust 不支持 _implicit_ 类型转换，但支持使用 `as` 进行显式转换。这些转换通常遵循定义它们" +"的 C 语义。" -#: src/std-traits/casting.md +#: src/std-traits/casting.md:9 msgid "\"as u16: {}\"" msgstr "\"as u16: {}\"" -#: src/std-traits/casting.md +#: src/std-traits/casting.md:10 msgid "\"as i16: {}\"" msgstr "\"as i16: {}\"" -#: src/std-traits/casting.md +#: src/std-traits/casting.md:11 msgid "\"as u8: {}\"" msgstr "\"as u8: {}\"" -#: src/std-traits/casting.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-traits/casting.md:15 msgid "" -"The results of `as` are _always_ defined in Rust and consistent across " -"platforms. This might not match your intuition for changing sign or casting " -"to a smaller type -- check the docs, and comment for clarity." +"The results of `as` are _always_ defined in Rust and consistent across platforms. This " +"might not match your intuition for changing sign or casting to a smaller type -- check " +"the docs, and comment for clarity." msgstr "" -"使用 `as` 的结果在 Rust 中 _始终_ 定义明确，并且在不同平台上保持一致。这可能" -"不符合您对于更改符号或转换为更小类型的直观理解。为清晰起见，请查看文档和注" -"释。" +"`as` 的结果始终是在 Rust 中定义的，并且在不同平台上是一致的。这可能与你改变符号或转换为较" +"小类型的直觉不一致—请查看文档，并发表评论以求清晰。" -#: src/std-traits/casting.md +#: src/std-traits/casting.md:19 msgid "" -"Casting with `as` is a relatively sharp tool that is easy to use " -"incorrectly, and can be a source of subtle bugs as future maintenance work " -"changes the types that are used or the ranges of values in types. Casts are " -"best used only when the intent is to indicate unconditional truncation (e.g. " -"selecting the bottom 32 bits of a `u64` with `as u32`, regardless of what " -"was in the high bits)." +"Casting with `as` is a relatively sharp tool that is easy to use incorrectly, and can be " +"a source of subtle bugs as future maintenance work changes the types that are used or " +"the ranges of values in types. Casts are best used only when the intent is to indicate " +"unconditional truncation (e.g. selecting the bottom 32 bits of a `u64` with `as u32`, " +"regardless of what was in the high bits)." msgstr "" +"使用 `as` 进行转置是一种相对锋利的工具，但很容易使用不当，而且当未来的维护工作改变了所使" +"用的类型或类型中的值范围时，可能会产生一些微妙的错误。只有当要表示无条件截断（例如，使用 " +"`as u32` 选择 `u64` 的底层 32 位，而不考虑高位的内容）时，才最好使用转置。" -#: src/std-traits/casting.md +#: src/std-traits/casting.md:25 msgid "" -"For infallible casts (e.g. `u32` to `u64`), prefer using `From` or `Into` " -"over `as` to confirm that the cast is in fact infallible. For fallible " -"casts, `TryFrom` and `TryInto` are available when you want to handle casts " -"that fit differently from those that don't." +"For infallible casts (e.g. `u32` to `u64`), prefer using `From` or `Into` over `as` to " +"confirm that the cast is in fact infallible. For fallible casts, `TryFrom` and `TryInto` " +"are available when you want to handle casts that fit differently from those that don't." msgstr "" +"对于无误的转义（如 `u32` 到 `u64`），最好使用 `From` 或 `Into` 而不是 `as`，以确认转义确" +"实无误。对于有误的转置，当您想以不同的方式处理适合的转置和不适合的转置时，可以使用 " +"`TryFrom` 和 `TryInto`。" -#: src/std-traits/casting.md +#: src/std-traits/casting.md:33 msgid "Consider taking a break after this slide." msgstr "请在这张幻灯片之后休息一下。" -#: src/std-traits/casting.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-traits/casting.md:35 msgid "" -"`as` is similar to a C++ static cast. Use of `as` in cases where data might " -"be lost is generally discouraged, or at least deserves an explanatory " -"comment." +"`as` is similar to a C++ static cast. Use of `as` in cases where data might be lost is " +"generally discouraged, or at least deserves an explanatory comment." msgstr "" -"`as` 类似于 C++ 静态类型转换。通常不建议在可能丢失数据的情况下使用 `as`，或者" -"至少应该添加说明性注释。" +"`as` 类似于 C++ 的静态投递。在数据可能丢失的情况下，一般不鼓励使用 `as`，或者至少应该有一" +"个解释性的注释。" -#: src/std-traits/casting.md +#: src/std-traits/casting.md:38 msgid "This is common in casting integers to `usize` for use as an index." msgstr "在将整数类型转换为 `usize` 以用作索引时，这很常见。" -#: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md -msgid "" -"Using [`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) and " -"[`BufRead`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.BufRead.html), you can " -"abstract over `u8` sources:" -msgstr "" -"您可以使用 [`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) 和 " -"[`BufRead`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.BufRead.html) 对 `u8` 来源" -"进行抽象化处理：" +#: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md:3 +msgid "Using `Read` and `BufRead`, you can abstract over `u8` sources:" +msgstr "使用 `Read` 和 `BufRead` 可以对 `u8` 源进行抽象：" -#: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md +#: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md:14 msgid "b\"foo\\nbar\\nbaz\\n\"" msgstr "b\"foo\\nbar\\nbaz\\n\"" -#: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md +#: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md:15 msgid "\"lines in slice: {}\"" msgstr "\"lines in slice: {}\"" -#: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md +#: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md:18 msgid "\"lines in file: {}\"" msgstr "\"lines in file: {}\"" -#: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md -msgid "" -"Similarly, [`Write`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Write.html) lets " -"you abstract over `u8` sinks:" -msgstr "" -"您同样可使用 [`Write`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Write.html) 对 " -"`u8` 接收器进行抽象化处理：" +#: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md:23 +msgid "Similarly, `Write` lets you abstract over `u8` sinks:" +msgstr "您同样可使用 `Write` 对 `u8` 接收器进行抽象化处理：" -#: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md +#: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md:30 msgid "\"\\n\"" msgstr "\"\\n\"" -#: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "\"World\"" -msgstr "\"World\"" - -#: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md +#: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md:37 msgid "\"Logged: {:?}\"" msgstr "\"Logged: {:?}\"" -#: src/std-traits/default.md +#: src/std-traits/default.md:1 msgid "The `Default` Trait" msgstr "`Default` 特征" -#: src/std-traits/default.md -msgid "" -"[`Default`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/default/trait.Default.html) trait " -"produces a default value for a type." -msgstr "" -"[`Default`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/default/trait.Default.html) 特征会" -"为类型生成默认值。" +#: src/std-traits/default.md:3 +msgid "`Default` trait produces a default value for a type." +msgstr "`Default` 特征会为类型生成默认值。" -#: src/std-traits/default.md +#: src/std-traits/default.md:18 msgid "\"John Smith\"" msgstr "\"John Smith\"" -#: src/std-traits/default.md +#: src/std-traits/default.md:24 msgid "\"{default_struct:#?}\"" msgstr "\"{default_struct:#?}\"" -#: src/std-traits/default.md +#: src/std-traits/default.md:27 msgid "\"Y is set!\"" msgstr "\"Y is set!\"" -#: src/std-traits/default.md +#: src/std-traits/default.md:28 msgid "\"{almost_default_struct:#?}\"" msgstr "\"{almost_default_struct:#?}\"" -#: src/std-traits/default.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md +#: src/std-traits/default.md:31 src/lifetimes/exercise.md:211 src/lifetimes/solution.md:214 msgid "\"{:#?}\"" msgstr "\"{:#?}\"" -#: src/std-traits/default.md -msgid "" -"It can be implemented directly or it can be derived via `#[derive(Default)]`." +#: src/std-traits/default.md:38 +msgid "It can be implemented directly or it can be derived via `#[derive(Default)]`." msgstr "系统可以直接实现它，也可以通过 `#[derive(Default)]` 派生出它。" -#: src/std-traits/default.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-traits/default.md:39 msgid "" -"A derived implementation will produce a value where all fields are set to " -"their default values." -msgstr "派生的实现会生成一个实例，其中字段全都设为其默认值。" +"A derived implementation will produce a value where all fields are set to their default " +"values." +msgstr "派生实现将产生一个所有字段都设置为默认值的值。" -#: src/std-traits/default.md +#: src/std-traits/default.md:41 msgid "This means all types in the struct must implement `Default` too." msgstr "这意味着，该结构体中的所有类型也都必须实现 `Default`。" -#: src/std-traits/default.md +#: src/std-traits/default.md:42 msgid "" -"Standard Rust types often implement `Default` with reasonable values (e.g. " -"`0`, `\"\"`, etc)." -msgstr "" -"标准的 Rust 类型通常会以合理的值（例如 ` 0`\"\" \\``等）实现`Default\\`。" +"Standard Rust types often implement `Default` with reasonable values (e.g. `0`, `\"\"`, " +"etc)." +msgstr "标准的 Rust 类型通常会以合理的值（例如 ` 0`\"\" \\``等）实现`Default\\`。" -#: src/std-traits/default.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-traits/default.md:44 msgid "The partial struct initialization works nicely with default." -msgstr "部分结构体副本可与默认值完美搭配运作。" +msgstr "部分结构初始化与默认设置配合得很好。" -#: src/std-traits/default.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-traits/default.md:45 msgid "" -"The Rust standard library is aware that types can implement `Default` and " -"provides convenience methods that use it." -msgstr "Rust 标准库了解类型可能会实现 `Default`，因此提供了便利的使用方式。" +"The Rust standard library is aware that types can implement `Default` and provides " +"convenience methods that use it." +msgstr "Rust 标准库知道类型可以实现 `Default`，并提供了使用它的方便方法。" -#: src/std-traits/default.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"The `..` syntax is called [struct update syntax](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" -"book/ch05-01-defining-structs.html#creating-instances-from-other-instances-" -"with-struct-update-syntax)." -msgstr "" -"“..”语法被称为[结构体更新语法](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch05-01-" -"defining-structs.html#creating-instances-from-other-instances-with-struct-" -"update-syntax)" +#: src/std-traits/default.md:47 +msgid "The `..` syntax is called struct update syntax." +msgstr "`… `语法称为结构更新语法。" -#: src/std-traits/closures.md +#: src/std-traits/closures.md:3 msgid "" -"Closures or lambda expressions have types which cannot be named. However, " -"they implement special [`Fn`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Fn." -"html), [`FnMut`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.FnMut.html), and " -"[`FnOnce`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.FnOnce.html) traits:" +"Closures or lambda expressions have types which cannot be named. However, they implement " +"special `Fn`, `FnMut`, and `FnOnce` traits:" msgstr "" -"闭包或 lambda 表达式具有无法命名的类型。不过，它们会 实现特殊的 [`Fn`]" -"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Fn.html)， [`FnMut`](https://doc." -"rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.FnMut.html) 和 [`FnOnce`](https://doc.rust-lang." -"org/std/ops/trait.FnOnce.html) 特征：" +"闭包或 lambda 表达式的类型无法命名。不过，它们实现了特殊的 `Fn`、`FnMut` 和 `FnOnce` 特" +"性：" -#: src/std-traits/closures.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-traits/closures.md:10 msgid "\"Calling function on {input}\"" -msgstr "调用 Unsafe 函数" +msgstr "“Calling function on {input}”" -#: src/std-traits/closures.md +#: src/std-traits/closures.md:16 src/std-traits/closures.md:17 msgid "\"add_3: {}\"" msgstr "\"add_3: {}\"" -#: src/std-traits/closures.md +#: src/std-traits/closures.md:24 src/std-traits/closures.md:25 msgid "\"accumulate: {}\"" msgstr "\"accumulate: {}\"" -#: src/std-traits/closures.md +#: src/std-traits/closures.md:28 msgid "\"multiply_sum: {}\"" msgstr "\"multiply_sum: {}\"" -#: src/std-traits/closures.md +#: src/std-traits/closures.md:35 msgid "" -"An `Fn` (e.g. `add_3`) neither consumes nor mutates captured values, or " -"perhaps captures nothing at all. It can be called multiple times " -"concurrently." +"An `Fn` (e.g. `add_3`) neither consumes nor mutates captured values, or perhaps captures " +"nothing at all. It can be called multiple times concurrently." msgstr "" -"`Fn`（例如 `add_3`）既不会耗用也不会修改捕获的值，或许 也不会捕获任何值。它可" -"被并发调用多次。" +"`Fn`（例如 `add_3`）既不会耗用也不会修改捕获的值，或许 也不会捕获任何值。它可被并发调用多" +"次。" -#: src/std-traits/closures.md +#: src/std-traits/closures.md:38 msgid "" -"An `FnMut` (e.g. `accumulate`) might mutate captured values. You can call it " -"multiple times, but not concurrently." +"An `FnMut` (e.g. `accumulate`) might mutate captured values. You can call it multiple " +"times, but not concurrently." msgstr "" -"`FnMut`（例如 `accumulate`）可能会改变捕获的值。您可以多次调用它， 但不能并发" -"调用它。" +"`FnMut`（例如 `accumulate`）可能会改变捕获的值。您可以多次调用它， 但不能并发调用它。" -#: src/std-traits/closures.md +#: src/std-traits/closures.md:41 msgid "" -"If you have an `FnOnce` (e.g. `multiply_sum`), you may only call it once. It " -"might consume captured values." +"If you have an `FnOnce` (e.g. `multiply_sum`), you may only call it once. It might " +"consume captured values." msgstr "" -"如果您使用 `FnOnce`（例如 `multiply_sum`），或许只能调用它一次。它可能会耗用 " -"所捕获的值。" +"如果您使用 `FnOnce`（例如 `multiply_sum`），或许只能调用它一次。它可能会耗用 所捕获的值。" -#: src/std-traits/closures.md +#: src/std-traits/closures.md:44 msgid "" -"`FnMut` is a subtype of `FnOnce`. `Fn` is a subtype of `FnMut` and `FnOnce`. " -"I.e. you can use an `FnMut` wherever an `FnOnce` is called for, and you can " -"use an `Fn` wherever an `FnMut` or `FnOnce` is called for." +"`FnMut` is a subtype of `FnOnce`. `Fn` is a subtype of `FnMut` and `FnOnce`. I.e. you " +"can use an `FnMut` wherever an `FnOnce` is called for, and you can use an `Fn` wherever " +"an `FnMut` or `FnOnce` is called for." msgstr "" -"`FnMut` 是 `FnOnce` 的子类型。`Fn` 是 `FnMut` 和 `FnOnce` 的子类型。也就是" -"说，您可以在任何 需要调用 `FnOnce` 的地方使用 `FnMut`，还可在任何需要调用 " -"`FnMut` 或 `FnOnce` 的地方 使用 `Fn`。" +"`FnMut` 是 `FnOnce` 的子类型。`Fn` 是 `FnMut` 和 `FnOnce` 的子类型。也就是说，您可以在任" +"何 需要调用 `FnOnce` 的地方使用 `FnMut`，还可在任何需要调用 `FnMut` 或 `FnOnce` 的地方 使" +"用 `Fn`。" -#: src/std-traits/closures.md +#: src/std-traits/closures.md:48 msgid "" -"When you define a function that takes a closure, you should take `FnOnce` if " -"you can (i.e. you call it once), or `FnMut` else, and last `Fn`. This allows " -"the most flexibility for the caller." +"When you define a function that takes a closure, you should take `FnOnce` if you can (i." +"e. you call it once), or `FnMut` else, and last `Fn`. This allows the most flexibility " +"for the caller." msgstr "" +"当你定义一个接受闭包的函数时，如果可以的话应该选择 `FnOnce`（即闭包只调用一次），否则选" +"择 `FnMut`，最后是 `Fn`。这样可以为调用者提供最大的灵活性。" -#: src/std-traits/closures.md +#: src/std-traits/closures.md:52 msgid "" -"In contrast, when you have a closure, the most flexible you can have is `Fn` " -"(it can be passed everywhere), then `FnMut`, and lastly `FnOnce`." +"In contrast, when you have a closure, the most flexible you can have is `Fn` (it can be " +"passed everywhere), then `FnMut`, and lastly `FnOnce`." msgstr "" +"相反，当你有一个闭包时，最灵活的选择是 `Fn`（它可以被传递到任何地方），然后是 `FnMut`，最" +"后是 `FnOnce`。" -#: src/std-traits/closures.md +#: src/std-traits/closures.md:55 msgid "" -"The compiler also infers `Copy` (e.g. for `add_3`) and `Clone` (e.g. " -"`multiply_sum`), depending on what the closure captures." +"The compiler also infers `Copy` (e.g. for `add_3`) and `Clone` (e.g. `multiply_sum`), " +"depending on what the closure captures." msgstr "" -"编译器也会推断 `Copy`（例如针对 `add_3`）和 `Clone`（例如 `multiply_sum`）， " -"具体取决于闭包捕获的数据。" +"编译器也会推断 `Copy`（例如针对 `add_3`）和 `Clone`（例如 `multiply_sum`）， 具体取决于闭" +"包捕获的数据。" -#: src/std-traits/closures.md +#: src/std-traits/closures.md:58 msgid "" -"By default, closures will capture by reference if they can. The `move` " -"keyword makes them capture by value." +"By default, closures will capture by reference if they can. The `move` keyword makes " +"them capture by value." msgstr "" -"默认情况下，闭包会依据引用来捕获数据（如果可以的话）。`move` 关键字则可让闭包" -"依据值 来捕获数据。" +"默认情况下，闭包会依据引用来捕获数据（如果可以的话）。`move` 关键字则可让闭包依据值 来捕" +"获数据。" -#: src/std-traits/closures.md src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md +#: src/std-traits/closures.md:63 src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md:93 +#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md:94 msgid "\"{} {}\"" msgstr "\"{} {}\"" -#: src/std-traits/closures.md +#: src/std-traits/closures.md:67 msgid "\"Hi\"" msgstr "\"Hi\"" -#: src/std-traits/closures.md -msgid "\"there\"" -msgstr "\"there\"" +#: src/std-traits/closures.md:68 +msgid "\"Greg\"" +msgstr "“Greg”" -#: src/std-traits/exercise.md +#: src/std-traits/exercise.md:3 msgid "" -"In this example, you will implement the classic [\"ROT13\" cipher](https://" -"en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROT13). Copy this code to the playground, and " -"implement the missing bits. Only rotate ASCII alphabetic characters, to " +"In this example, you will implement the classic \"ROT13\" cipher. Copy this code to the " +"playground, and implement the missing bits. Only rotate ASCII alphabetic characters, to " "ensure the result is still valid UTF-8." msgstr "" -"在此示例中，您将实现经典的 [“ROT13”加密](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" -"ROT13)。将此代码复制到 Playground，并实现缺失的位。请仅旋转 ASCII 字母字符，" -"以确保结果仍为有效的 UTF-8 编码字符。" +"在此示例中，您将实现经典的“ROT13”加密。将此代码复制到 Playground，并实现缺失的位。请仅旋" +"转 ASCII 字母字符，以确保结果仍为有效的 UTF-8 编码字符。" -#: src/std-traits/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/std-traits/exercise.md:15 msgid "// Implement the `Read` trait for `RotDecoder`." -msgstr "// Implement the `Read` trait for `RotDecoder`.\n" +msgstr "// 为 `RotDecoder` 实现 `Read` trait。" -#: src/std-traits/exercise.md src/std-traits/solution.md +#: src/std-traits/exercise.md:20 src/std-traits/exercise.md:33 +#: src/std-traits/solution.md:26 src/std-traits/solution.md:39 msgid "\"Gb trg gb gur bgure fvqr!\"" msgstr "\"Gb trg gb gur bgure fvqr!\"" -#: src/std-traits/exercise.md src/std-traits/solution.md -#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md src/modules/exercise.md -#: src/modules/solution.md src/android/build-rules/library.md -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md -#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md -msgid "\"{}\"" -msgstr "\"{}\"" - -#: src/std-traits/exercise.md src/std-traits/solution.md +#: src/std-traits/exercise.md:36 src/std-traits/solution.md:42 msgid "\"To get to the other side!\"" msgstr "\"To get to the other side!\"" -#: src/std-traits/exercise.md +#: src/std-traits/exercise.md:55 msgid "" -"What happens if you chain two `RotDecoder` instances together, each rotating " -"by 13 characters?" -msgstr "" -"如果将两个 `RotDecoder` 实例链接在一起，每个实例旋转 13 个字符，会发生什么情" -"况？" +"What happens if you chain two `RotDecoder` instances together, each rotating by 13 " +"characters?" +msgstr "如果将两个 `RotDecoder` 实例链接在一起，每个实例旋转 13 个字符，会发生什么情况？" -#: src/std-traits/solution.md +#: src/std-traits/solution.md:16 msgid "'A'" msgstr "'A'" @@ -7330,8 +6555,7 @@ msgstr "今日内容：" #: src/welcome-day-3.md msgid "" -"Memory management, lifetimes, and the borrow checker: how Rust ensures " -"memory safety." +"Memory management, lifetimes, and the borrow checker: how Rust ensures memory safety." msgstr "内存管理、生命周期和借用检查器：Rust 如何确保内存安全。" #: src/welcome-day-3.md @@ -7339,2257 +6563,1769 @@ msgid "Smart pointers: standard library pointer types." msgstr "智能指针：标准库指针类型。" #: src/welcome-day-3.md -msgid "[Welcome](./welcome-day-3.md) (3 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/welcome-day-3.md -msgid "[Memory Management](./memory-management.md) (1 hour)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/welcome-day-3.md -msgid "[Smart Pointers](./smart-pointers.md) (55 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/welcome-day-3.md src/welcome-day-3-afternoon.md -msgid "" -"Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 2 hours and 20 " -"minutes" -msgstr "" - -#: src/memory-management.md -msgid "[Review of Program Memory](./memory-management/review.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/memory-management.md msgid "" -"[Approaches to Memory Management](./memory-management/approaches.md) (10 " -"minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/memory-management.md -msgid "[Ownership](./memory-management/ownership.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/memory-management.md -msgid "[Move Semantics](./memory-management/move.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/memory-management.md -msgid "[Clone](./memory-management/clone.md) (2 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/memory-management.md -msgid "[Copy Types](./memory-management/copy-types.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" +"Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 2 hours and 20 minutes. It " +"contains:" +msgstr "包括 10 分钟的休息，这个会话大约需要 2 小时 20 分钟。其中包括：" -#: src/memory-management.md -msgid "[Drop](./memory-management/drop.md) (10 minutes)" -msgstr "" +#: src/memory-management.md src/memory-management/clone.md:1 +msgid "Clone" +msgstr "克隆" #: src/memory-management.md -msgid "[Exercise: Builder Type](./memory-management/exercise.md) (20 minutes)" -msgstr "" +msgid "Drop" +msgstr "Drop" -#: src/memory-management/review.md +#: src/memory-management/review.md:3 msgid "Programs allocate memory in two ways:" msgstr "程序通过以下两种方式分配内存：" -#: src/memory-management/review.md +#: src/memory-management/review.md:5 msgid "Stack: Continuous area of memory for local variables." msgstr "栈：局部变量的连续内存区域。" -#: src/memory-management/review.md +#: src/memory-management/review.md:6 msgid "Values have fixed sizes known at compile time." msgstr "值在编译时具有已知的固定大小。" -#: src/memory-management/review.md +#: src/memory-management/review.md:7 msgid "Extremely fast: just move a stack pointer." msgstr "速度极快：只需移动一个栈指针。" -#: src/memory-management/review.md +#: src/memory-management/review.md:8 msgid "Easy to manage: follows function calls." msgstr "易于管理：遵循函数调用规则。" -#: src/memory-management/review.md +#: src/memory-management/review.md:9 msgid "Great memory locality." msgstr "优秀的内存局部性。" -#: src/memory-management/review.md +#: src/memory-management/review.md:11 msgid "Heap: Storage of values outside of function calls." msgstr "堆：函数调用之外的值的存储。" -#: src/memory-management/review.md +#: src/memory-management/review.md:12 msgid "Values have dynamic sizes determined at runtime." msgstr "值具有动态大小，具体大小需在运行时确定。" -#: src/memory-management/review.md +#: src/memory-management/review.md:13 msgid "Slightly slower than the stack: some book-keeping needed." msgstr "比栈稍慢：需要向系统申请空间。" -#: src/memory-management/review.md +#: src/memory-management/review.md:14 msgid "No guarantee of memory locality." msgstr "不保证内存局部性。" -#: src/memory-management/review.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/memory-management/review.md:18 msgid "" -"Creating a `String` puts fixed-sized metadata on the stack and dynamically " -"sized data, the actual string, on the heap:" +"Creating a `String` puts fixed-sized metadata on the stack and dynamically sized data, " +"the actual string, on the heap:" msgstr "" -"创建 `String` 时将固定大小的数据存储在栈上， 并将动态大小的数据存储在堆上：" +"创建一个 `String` 会在栈上放置固定大小的元数据，而动态大小的数据，即实际的字符串，则放在" +"堆上：" -#: src/memory-management/review.md +#: src/memory-management/review.md:44 msgid "" -"Mention that a `String` is backed by a `Vec`, so it has a capacity and " -"length and can grow if mutable via reallocation on the heap." +"Mention that a `String` is backed by a `Vec`, so it has a capacity and length and can " +"grow if mutable via reallocation on the heap." msgstr "" -"指出 `String` 底层由 `Vec` 实现，因此它具有容量和长度，如果值可变，则可以通过" -"在堆上重新分配存储空间进行增长。" +"指出 `String` 底层由 `Vec` 实现，因此它具有容量和长度，如果值可变，则可以通过在堆上重新分" +"配存储空间进行增长。" -#: src/memory-management/review.md +#: src/memory-management/review.md:47 msgid "" -"If students ask about it, you can mention that the underlying memory is heap " -"allocated using the [System Allocator](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/alloc/" -"struct.System.html) and custom allocators can be implemented using the " -"[Allocator API](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/alloc/index.html)" +"If students ask about it, you can mention that the underlying memory is heap allocated " +"using the System Allocator and custom allocators can be implemented using the Allocator " +"API" msgstr "" -"如果学员提出相关问题，你可以提及我们不仅能使用\\[系统分配器\\]在堆上分配底层" -"内存，还能使用 [Allocator API](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/alloc/index." -"html) 实现自定义分配器" +"如果学员提出相关问题，你可以提及我们不仅能使用\\[系统分配器\\]在堆上分配底层内存，还能使" +"用 Allocator API 实现自定义分配器" -#: src/memory-management/review.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/memory-management/review.md:53 msgid "" -"We can inspect the memory layout with `unsafe` Rust. However, you should " -"point out that this is rightfully unsafe!" -msgstr "" -"我们可以使用 `unsafe` 代码检查内存布局。不过，你应该指出，这种做法不安全！" +"We can inspect the memory layout with `unsafe` Rust. However, you should point out that " +"this is rightfully unsafe!" +msgstr "我们可以使用 `unsafe` 代码检查内存布局。不过，你应该指出，这种做法不安全！" -#: src/memory-management/review.md src/testing/unit-tests.md +#: src/memory-management/review.md:59 src/testing/unit-tests.md:15 msgid "' '" msgstr "' '" -#: src/memory-management/review.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/memory-management/review.md:60 msgid "\"world\"" msgstr "\"world\"" -#: src/memory-management/review.md -msgid "// DON'T DO THIS AT HOME! For educational purposes only." -msgstr "" - -#: src/memory-management/review.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/memory-management/review.md:61 msgid "" -"// String provides no guarantees about its layout, so this could lead to" +"// DON'T DO THIS AT HOME! For educational purposes only. // String provides no " +"guarantees about its layout, so this could lead to // undefined behavior." msgstr "" -"// DON'T DO THIS AT HOME!For educational purposes only.\n" -" // String provides no guarantees about its layout, so this could lead " -"to\n" -" // undefined behavior.\n" - -#: src/memory-management/review.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "// undefined behavior." -msgstr "Rust 没有运行时未定义行为：" +"// 不要在 HOME 这样做！仅供教育目的。`String` 不提供其布局的任何保证，因此这可能导致未定" +"义的行为。" -#: src/memory-management/review.md -msgid "\"ptr = {ptr:#x}, len = {len}, capacity = {capacity}\"" -msgstr "\"ptr = {ptr:#x}, len = {len}, capacity = {capacity}\"" +#: src/memory-management/review.md:66 +msgid "\"capacity = {capacity}, ptr = {ptr:#x}, len = {len}\"" +msgstr "“capacity = {capacity}, ptr = {ptr:#x}, len = {len}”" -#: src/memory-management/approaches.md +#: src/memory-management/approaches.md:3 msgid "Traditionally, languages have fallen into two broad categories:" msgstr "传统上，语言分为两大类：" -#: src/memory-management/approaches.md +#: src/memory-management/approaches.md:5 msgid "Full control via manual memory management: C, C++, Pascal, ..." msgstr "通过手动内存管理实现完全控制：C、C++、Pascal…" -#: src/memory-management/approaches.md +#: src/memory-management/approaches.md:6 msgid "Programmer decides when to allocate or free heap memory." msgstr "程序员决定何时分配或释放堆内存。" -#: src/memory-management/approaches.md -msgid "" -"Programmer must determine whether a pointer still points to valid memory." +#: src/memory-management/approaches.md:7 +msgid "Programmer must determine whether a pointer still points to valid memory." msgstr "程序员必须确定指针是否仍指向有效内存。" -#: src/memory-management/approaches.md +#: src/memory-management/approaches.md:8 msgid "Studies show, programmers make mistakes." msgstr "研究表明，程序员难免会犯错。" -#: src/memory-management/approaches.md +#: src/memory-management/approaches.md:9 msgid "" -"Full safety via automatic memory management at runtime: Java, Python, Go, " -"Haskell, ..." +"Full safety via automatic memory management at runtime: Java, Python, Go, Haskell, ..." msgstr "运行时通过自动内存管理实现完全安全：Java、Python、Go、Haskell…" -#: src/memory-management/approaches.md +#: src/memory-management/approaches.md:11 msgid "" -"A runtime system ensures that memory is not freed until it can no longer be " -"referenced." +"A runtime system ensures that memory is not freed until it can no longer be referenced." msgstr "运行时系统可确保在内存无法被引用之前，不会释放该内存。" -#: src/memory-management/approaches.md -msgid "" -"Typically implemented with reference counting, garbage collection, or RAII." +#: src/memory-management/approaches.md:13 +msgid "Typically implemented with reference counting, garbage collection, or RAII." msgstr "通常通过引用计数、垃圾回收或 RAII 实现。" -#: src/memory-management/approaches.md +#: src/memory-management/approaches.md:15 msgid "Rust offers a new mix:" msgstr "Rust 提供了一个全新的组合：" -#: src/memory-management/approaches.md +#: src/memory-management/approaches.md:17 msgid "" -"Full control _and_ safety via compile time enforcement of correct memory " -"management." +"Full control _and_ safety via compile time enforcement of correct memory management." msgstr "通过编译时强制执行正确的内存>管理来实现完全控制与安全。" -#: src/memory-management/approaches.md +#: src/memory-management/approaches.md:20 msgid "It does this with an explicit ownership concept." msgstr "它通过一个明确的所有权（ownership）概念来实现此目的。" -#: src/memory-management/approaches.md +#: src/memory-management/approaches.md:25 msgid "" -"This slide is intended to help students coming from other languages to put " -"Rust in context." +"This slide is intended to help students coming from other languages to put Rust in " +"context." msgstr "本幻灯片旨在帮助学习其他语言的学生更好地了解 Rust。" -#: src/memory-management/approaches.md +#: src/memory-management/approaches.md:28 msgid "" -"C must manage heap manually with `malloc` and `free`. Common errors include " -"forgetting to call `free`, calling it multiple times for the same pointer, " -"or dereferencing a pointer after the memory it points to has been freed." +"C must manage heap manually with `malloc` and `free`. Common errors include forgetting " +"to call `free`, calling it multiple times for the same pointer, or dereferencing a " +"pointer after the memory it points to has been freed." msgstr "" -"C 语言必须使用 `malloc` 和 `free` 函数手动管理堆。常见错误包括忘记调用 " -"`free`、针对同一指针多次调用它，或在释放某指针所指向的内存后解引用它。" +"C 语言必须使用 `malloc` 和 `free` 函数手动管理堆。常见错误包括忘记调用 `free`、针对同一指" +"针多次调用它，或在释放某指针所指向的内存后解引用它。" -#: src/memory-management/approaches.md +#: src/memory-management/approaches.md:32 msgid "" -"C++ has tools like smart pointers (`unique_ptr`, `shared_ptr`) that take " -"advantage of language guarantees about calling destructors to ensure memory " -"is freed when a function returns. It is still quite easy to mis-use these " -"tools and create similar bugs to C." +"C++ has tools like smart pointers (`unique_ptr`, `shared_ptr`) that take advantage of " +"language guarantees about calling destructors to ensure memory is freed when a function " +"returns. It is still quite easy to mis-use these tools and create similar bugs to C." msgstr "" -"C++ 具有智能指针（`unique_ptr`、`shared_ptr`）等工具，可以利用与调用析构函数" -"相关的语言保证来确保在函数返回时释放内存。这些工具仍然很容易被滥用并导致与 C " -"语言类似的 bug。" +"C++ 具有智能指针（`unique_ptr`、`shared_ptr`）等工具，可以利用与调用析构函数相关的语言保" +"证来确保在函数返回时释放内存。这些工具仍然很容易被滥用并导致与 C 语言类似的 bug。" -#: src/memory-management/approaches.md +#: src/memory-management/approaches.md:37 msgid "" -"Java, Go, and Python rely on the garbage collector to identify memory that " -"is no longer reachable and discard it. This guarantees that any pointer can " -"be dereferenced, eliminating use-after-free and other classes of bugs. But, " -"GC has a runtime cost and is difficult to tune properly." +"Java, Go, and Python rely on the garbage collector to identify memory that is no longer " +"reachable and discard it. This guarantees that any pointer can be dereferenced, " +"eliminating use-after-free and other classes of bugs. But, GC has a runtime cost and is " +"difficult to tune properly." msgstr "" -"Java、Go 和 Python 依赖垃圾回收器来识别无法再访问的内存并将其舍弃。这保证可对" -"所有指针进行解引用操作，从而消除了释放后使用等各类 bug。但是，垃圾回收 (GC) " -"会产生运行时成本，并且很难进行适当调优。" +"Java、Go 和 Python 依赖垃圾回收器来识别无法再访问的内存并将其舍弃。这保证可对所有指针进行" +"解引用操作，从而消除了释放后使用等各类 bug。但是，垃圾回收 (GC) 会产生运行时成本，并且很" +"难进行适当调优。" -#: src/memory-management/approaches.md +#: src/memory-management/approaches.md:42 msgid "" -"Rust's ownership and borrowing model can, in many cases, get the performance " -"of C, with alloc and free operations precisely where they are required -- " -"zero cost. It also provides tools similar to C++'s smart pointers. When " -"required, other options such as reference counting are available, and there " -"are even third-party crates available to support runtime garbage collection " -"(not covered in this class)." +"Rust's ownership and borrowing model can, in many cases, get the performance of C, with " +"alloc and free operations precisely where they are required -- zero cost. It also " +"provides tools similar to C++'s smart pointers. When required, other options such as " +"reference counting are available, and there are even third-party crates available to " +"support runtime garbage collection (not covered in this class)." msgstr "" -"在许多情况下，Rust 的所有权和借用模型可以实现 C 语言的性能，能够精确地在所需" -"位置执行分配和释放操作，且为零成本。它还提供类似于 C++ 智能指针的工具。必要" -"时，它还提供引用计数等其他选项，甚至还有第三方 crate 可以支持运行时垃圾回收" -"（本课程中不作介绍）。" +"在许多情况下，Rust 的所有权和借用模型可以实现 C 语言的性能，能够精确地在所需位置执行分配" +"和释放操作，且为零成本。它还提供类似于 C++ 智能指针的工具。必要时，它还提供引用计数等其他" +"选项，甚至还有第三方 crate 可以支持运行时垃圾回收（本课程中不作介绍）。" -#: src/memory-management/ownership.md +#: src/memory-management/ownership.md:3 msgid "" -"All variable bindings have a _scope_ where they are valid and it is an error " -"to use a variable outside its scope:" +"All variable bindings have a _scope_ where they are valid and it is an error to use a " +"variable outside its scope:" msgstr "所有变量绑定都有一个有效的“作用域”，使用 超出其作用域的变量是错误的：" -#: src/memory-management/ownership.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/memory-management/ownership.md:20 msgid "" -"We say that the variable _owns_ the value. Every Rust value has precisely " -"one owner at all times." -msgstr "指出变量“拥有”值。" +"We say that the variable _owns_ the value. Every Rust value has precisely one owner at " +"all times." +msgstr "我们说变量“拥有”这个值。在任何时候，每个 Rust 值都恰好有一个所有者。" -#: src/memory-management/ownership.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/memory-management/ownership.md:23 msgid "" -"At the end of the scope, the variable is _dropped_ and the data is freed. A " -"destructor can run here to free up resources." -msgstr "作用域结束时，变量会“被丢弃”，数据会被释放。" +"At the end of the scope, the variable is _dropped_ and the data is freed. A destructor " +"can run here to free up resources." +msgstr "在作用域结束时，变量被“丢弃”，数据被释放。一个析构函数可以在这里运行以释放资源。" -#: src/memory-management/ownership.md +#: src/memory-management/ownership.md:29 msgid "" -"Students familiar with garbage-collection implementations will know that a " -"garbage collector starts with a set of \"roots\" to find all reachable " -"memory. Rust's \"single owner\" principle is a similar idea." +"Students familiar with garbage-collection implementations will know that a garbage " +"collector starts with a set of \"roots\" to find all reachable memory. Rust's \"single " +"owner\" principle is a similar idea." msgstr "" -"熟悉垃圾回收实现的学生知道，垃圾回收器从一组 “根”开始查找所有可访问内存。" -"Rust 的 “单一所有者”原则与此类似。" +"熟悉垃圾回收实现的学生知道，垃圾回收器从一组 “根”开始查找所有可访问内存。Rust 的 “单一所" +"有者”原则与此类似。" -#: src/memory-management/move.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/memory-management/move.md:3 msgid "An assignment will transfer _ownership_ between variables:" -msgstr "赋值操作将在变量之间转移所有权：" +msgstr "赋值会在变量之间传递“所有权”：" -#: src/memory-management/move.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/memory-management/move.md:7 msgid "\"Hello!\"" -msgstr "b\"Hello!\"" - -#: src/memory-management/move.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md -msgid "\"s2: {s2}\"" -msgstr "\"s2: {s2}\"" +msgstr "\"Hello!\"" -#: src/memory-management/move.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/memory-management/move.md:10 msgid "// println!(\"s1: {s1}\");" -msgstr "// println!(\"s1: {s1}\");\n" +msgstr "// println!(\"s1: {s1}\");" -#: src/memory-management/move.md +#: src/memory-management/move.md:14 msgid "The assignment of `s1` to `s2` transfers ownership." msgstr "将 `s1` 赋值给 `s2`，即转移了所有权。" -#: src/memory-management/move.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/memory-management/move.md:15 msgid "When `s1` goes out of scope, nothing happens: it does not own anything." msgstr "当 `s1` 离开作用域时，什么都不会发生：它没有所有权。" -#: src/memory-management/move.md +#: src/memory-management/move.md:16 msgid "When `s2` goes out of scope, the string data is freed." msgstr "当 `s2` 离开作用域时，字符串数据被释放。" -#: src/memory-management/move.md +#: src/memory-management/move.md:18 msgid "Before move to `s2`:" msgstr "移动到 `s2` 中之前：" -#: src/memory-management/move.md +#: src/memory-management/move.md:35 msgid "After move to `s2`:" msgstr "移动到 `s2` 中之后：" -#: src/memory-management/move.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/memory-management/move.md:37 msgid "" "```bob\n" " Stack Heap\n" -".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" -": : : :\n" -": s1 \"(inaccessible)\" : : :\n" -": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+----+ :\n" -": | ptr | o---+---+--+--+-->| R | u | s | t | :\n" -": | len | 4 | : | : +----+----+----+----+ :\n" -": | capacity | 4 | : | : :\n" -": +-----------+-------+ : | : :\n" -": : | `- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" +".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" +": : : :\n" +": s1 \"(inaccessible)\" : : :\n" +": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+----+----+----+ :\n" +": | ptr | o---+---+--+--+-->| H | e | l | l | o | ! | :\n" +": | len | 6 | : | : +----+----+----+----+----+----+ :\n" +": | capacity | 6 | : | : :\n" +": +-----------+-------+ : | : :\n" +": : | `- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" ": s2 : |\n" ": +-----------+-------+ : |\n" ": | ptr | o---+---+--'\n" -": | len | 4 | :\n" -": | capacity | 4 | :\n" +": | len | 6 | :\n" +": | capacity | 6 | :\n" ": +-----------+-------+ :\n" ": :\n" "`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" "```" msgstr "" "```bob\n" -" 栈 堆\n" -".- - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " -"-.\n" -": : : :\n" -": " -"list : : :\n" -": +----+----+ : : +----+----+ +----+------" -"+ :\n" -": | 1 | o--+-----------+-----+--->| 2 | o--+--->| // | null " -"| :\n" -": +----+----+ : : +----+----+ +----+------" -"+ :\n" -": : : :\n" -": : : :\n" -"`- - - - - - - - - - - - -' '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " -"-'\n" +" Stack Heap\n" +".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" +": : : :\n" +": s1 \"(inaccessible)\" : : :\n" +": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+----+----+----+ :\n" +": | ptr | o---+---+--+--+-->| H | e | l | l | o | ! | :\n" +": | len | 6 | : | : +----+----+----+----+----+----+ :\n" +": | capacity | 6 | : | : :\n" +": +-----------+-------+ : | : :\n" +": : | `- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" +": s2 : |\n" +": +—————+———+ : |\n" +": | ptr | o—+—+—‘\n" +": | len | 6 | :\n" +": | capacity | 6 | :\n" +": +—————+———+ :\n" +": :\n" +"`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -‘\n" "```" -#: src/memory-management/move.md +#: src/memory-management/move.md:58 msgid "" -"When you pass a value to a function, the value is assigned to the function " -"parameter. This transfers ownership:" +"When you pass a value to a function, the value is assigned to the function parameter. " +"This transfers ownership:" msgstr "你将值传递给函数时，该值会被赋给函数 参数。这就转移了所有权：" -#: src/memory-management/move.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/memory-management/move.md:63 src/memory-management/clone.md:8 msgid "\"Hello {name}\"" msgstr "\"Hello {name}\"" -#: src/memory-management/move.md src/android/interoperability/java.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/memory-management/move.md:67 src/memory-management/clone.md:12 +#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:57 msgid "\"Alice\"" -msgstr "切片" +msgstr "“Alice”" -#: src/memory-management/move.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/memory-management/move.md:69 msgid "// say_hello(name);" -msgstr "// say_hello(name);\n" +msgstr "// say_hello(name);" -#: src/memory-management/move.md +#: src/memory-management/move.md:76 msgid "" -"Mention that this is the opposite of the defaults in C++, which copies by " -"value unless you use `std::move` (and the move constructor is defined!)." +"Mention that this is the opposite of the defaults in C++, which copies by value unless " +"you use `std::move` (and the move constructor is defined!)." msgstr "" -"指出这与 C++ 中的默认值相反。除非你使用 `std::move`（并已定义 move 构造函" -"数！），否则 C++ 中的默认值是按值复制的。" +"指出这与 C++ 中的默认值相反。除非你使用 `std::move`（并已定义 move 构造函数！），否则 C+" +"+ 中的默认值是按值复制的。" -#: src/memory-management/move.md +#: src/memory-management/move.md:79 msgid "" -"It is only the ownership that moves. Whether any machine code is generated " -"to manipulate the data itself is a matter of optimization, and such copies " -"are aggressively optimized away." +"It is only the ownership that moves. Whether any machine code is generated to manipulate " +"the data itself is a matter of optimization, and such copies are aggressively optimized " +"away." msgstr "" -"只有所有权发生了转移。是否会生成任何机器码来操控数据本身是一个优化方面的问" -"题，系统会主动优化此类副本。" +"只有所有权发生了转移。是否会生成任何机器码来操控数据本身是一个优化方面的问题，系统会主动" +"优化此类副本。" -#: src/memory-management/move.md -msgid "" -"Simple values (such as integers) can be marked `Copy` (see later slides)." +#: src/memory-management/move.md:83 +msgid "Simple values (such as integers) can be marked `Copy` (see later slides)." msgstr "简单的值（例如整数）可以标记为“Copy”（请看后续幻灯片）。" -#: src/memory-management/move.md +#: src/memory-management/move.md:85 msgid "In Rust, clones are explicit (by using `clone`)." msgstr "在 Rust 中，克隆是显式的（通过使用 `clone`）。" -#: src/memory-management/move.md +#: src/memory-management/move.md:87 msgid "In the `say_hello` example:" msgstr "在 `say_hello` 示例中：" -#: src/memory-management/move.md +#: src/memory-management/move.md:89 msgid "" -"With the first call to `say_hello`, `main` gives up ownership of `name`. " -"Afterwards, `name` cannot be used anymore within `main`." +"With the first call to `say_hello`, `main` gives up ownership of `name`. Afterwards, " +"`name` cannot be used anymore within `main`." msgstr "" -"首次调用 `say_hello` 时，`main` 便放弃了 `name` 的所有权。此后，`main` 中不能" -"再使用 `name`。" +"首次调用 `say_hello` 时，`main` 便放弃了 `name` 的所有权。此后，`main` 中不能再使用 " +"`name`。" -#: src/memory-management/move.md +#: src/memory-management/move.md:91 msgid "" -"The heap memory allocated for `name` will be freed at the end of the " -"`say_hello` function." +"The heap memory allocated for `name` will be freed at the end of the `say_hello` " +"function." msgstr "在 `say_hello` 函数结束时，系统会释放为 `name` 分配的堆内存。" -#: src/memory-management/move.md +#: src/memory-management/move.md:93 msgid "" -"`main` can retain ownership if it passes `name` as a reference (`&name`) and " -"if `say_hello` accepts a reference as a parameter." +"`main` can retain ownership if it passes `name` as a reference (`&name`) and if " +"`say_hello` accepts a reference as a parameter." msgstr "" -"如果 `main` 将 `name` 作为引用 (`&name`) 传递过去，且 `say_hello` 接受作为参" -"数的引用，则可保留所有权。" +"如果 `main` 将 `name` 作为引用 (`&name`) 传递过去，且 `say_hello` 接受作为参数的引用，则" +"可保留所有权。" -#: src/memory-management/move.md +#: src/memory-management/move.md:95 msgid "" -"Alternatively, `main` can pass a clone of `name` in the first call (`name." -"clone()`)." +"Alternatively, `main` can pass a clone of `name` in the first call (`name.clone()`)." msgstr "此外，`main` 也可以在首次调用时传递 `name` 的克隆 (`name.clone()`)。" -#: src/memory-management/move.md +#: src/memory-management/move.md:97 msgid "" -"Rust makes it harder than C++ to inadvertently create copies by making move " -"semantics the default, and by forcing programmers to make clones explicit." +"Rust makes it harder than C++ to inadvertently create copies by making move semantics " +"the default, and by forcing programmers to make clones explicit." msgstr "" -"相较于 C++，Rust 通过将移动语义设为默认值，并强制程序员进行显式克隆，更难以无" -"意中创建副本。" +"相较于 C++，Rust 通过将移动语义设为默认值，并强制程序员进行显式克隆，更难以无意中创建副" +"本。" -#: src/memory-management/move.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/memory-management/move.md:102 msgid "Defensive Copies in Modern C++" -msgstr "现代 C++ 中的双重释放" +msgstr "在现代 C++ 中的防御性拷贝" -#: src/memory-management/move.md +#: src/memory-management/move.md:104 msgid "Modern C++ solves this differently:" msgstr "现代 C++ 以不同的方式解决此问题：" -#: src/memory-management/move.md +#: src/memory-management/move.md:107 msgid "\"Cpp\"" msgstr "\"Cpp\"" -#: src/memory-management/move.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/memory-management/move.md:108 msgid "// Duplicate the data in s1." -msgstr "// Duplicate the data in s1.\n" +msgstr "// Duplicate the data in s1." -#: src/memory-management/move.md -msgid "" -"The heap data from `s1` is duplicated and `s2` gets its own independent copy." +#: src/memory-management/move.md:111 +msgid "The heap data from `s1` is duplicated and `s2` gets its own independent copy." msgstr "`s1` 中的堆数据被复制，`s2` 获得自己的独立副本。" -#: src/memory-management/move.md +#: src/memory-management/move.md:112 msgid "When `s1` and `s2` go out of scope, they each free their own memory." msgstr "当 `s1` 和 `s2` 离开作用域时，它们会各自释放自己的内存。" -#: src/memory-management/move.md +#: src/memory-management/move.md:114 msgid "Before copy-assignment:" msgstr "复制-赋值之前：" -#: src/memory-management/move.md +#: src/memory-management/move.md:130 msgid "After copy-assignment:" msgstr "复制-赋值之后：" -#: src/memory-management/move.md +#: src/memory-management/move.md:155 msgid "" -"C++ has made a slightly different choice than Rust. Because `=` copies data, " -"the string data has to be cloned. Otherwise we would get a double-free when " -"either string goes out of scope." +"C++ has made a slightly different choice than Rust. Because `=` copies data, the string " +"data has to be cloned. Otherwise we would get a double-free when either string goes out " +"of scope." msgstr "" -"C++ 做出了与 Rust 略有不同的选择。由于“=”会复制数据，因此必须克隆字符串数据。" -"否则，当任一字符串超出范围时，便会出现二次释放。" +"C++ 做出了与 Rust 略有不同的选择。由于“=”会复制数据，因此必须克隆字符串数据。否则，当任一" +"字符串超出范围时，便会出现二次释放。" -#: src/memory-management/move.md +#: src/memory-management/move.md:159 msgid "" -"C++ also has [`std::move`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/move), " -"which is used to indicate when a value may be moved from. If the example had " -"been `s2 = std::move(s1)`, no heap allocation would take place. After the " -"move, `s1` would be in a valid but unspecified state. Unlike Rust, the " -"programmer is allowed to keep using `s1`." +"C++ also has `std::move`, which is used to indicate when a value may be moved from. If " +"the example had been `s2 = std::move(s1)`, no heap allocation would take place. After " +"the move, `s1` would be in a valid but unspecified state. Unlike Rust, the programmer is " +"allowed to keep using `s1`." msgstr "" -"C++ 还包含[“std::move”](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/move)，它用" -"于指示何时可以移动某个值。如果示例为“s2 = std::move(s1)”，则不会发生堆分配。" -"移动后，“s1”将处于有效但未指定的状态。与 Rust 不同，程序员可以继续使用“s1”。" +"C++ 还包含“std::move”，它用于指示何时可以移动某个值。如果示例为“s2 = std::move(s1)”，则不" +"会发生堆分配。移动后，“s1”将处于有效但未指定的状态。与 Rust 不同，程序员可以继续使" +"用“s1”。" -#: src/memory-management/move.md +#: src/memory-management/move.md:164 msgid "" -"Unlike Rust, `=` in C++ can run arbitrary code as determined by the type " -"which is being copied or moved." -msgstr "" -"与 Rust 不同，使用 C++ 时，“=”可以运行任意代码，具体取决于要复制或移动的类" -"型。" - -#: src/memory-management/clone.md -msgid "Clone" -msgstr "克隆" +"Unlike Rust, `=` in C++ can run arbitrary code as determined by the type which is being " +"copied or moved." +msgstr "与 Rust 不同，使用 C++ 时，“=”可以运行任意代码，具体取决于要复制或移动的类型。" -#: src/memory-management/clone.md +#: src/memory-management/clone.md:3 msgid "" -"Sometimes you _want_ to make a copy of a value. The `Clone` trait " -"accomplishes this." +"Sometimes you _want_ to make a copy of a value. The `Clone` trait accomplishes this." msgstr "有时，_如需_ 复制某个值。`Clone` 特征 可以完成此操作。" -#: src/memory-management/clone.md +#: src/memory-management/clone.md:21 msgid "" -"The idea of `Clone` is to make it easy to spot where heap allocations are " -"occurring. Look for `.clone()` and a few others like `Vec::new` or `Box::" -"new`." +"The idea of `Clone` is to make it easy to spot where heap allocations are occurring. " +"Look for `.clone()` and a few others like `vec!` or `Box::new`." msgstr "" -"`Clone` 的设计理念是让您轻松发现堆分配的位置。查找 `.clone()` 和其他一些内" -"容，例如 `Vec::new` 或 `Box::new`。" +"`Clone` 的设计理念是让您轻松发现堆分配的位置。查找 `.clone()` 和其他一些内容，例如 `Vec::" +"new` 或 `Box::new`。" -#: src/memory-management/clone.md +#: src/memory-management/clone.md:24 msgid "" -"It's common to \"clone your way out\" of problems with the borrow checker, " -"and return later to try to optimize those clones away." +"It's common to \"clone your way out\" of problems with the borrow checker, and return " +"later to try to optimize those clones away." msgstr "" -"通常的做法是，先使用 “克隆操作”解决借用检查器问题，在后续通过优化消除这些克隆" -"操作。" +"通常的做法是，先使用 “克隆操作”解决借用检查器问题，在后续通过优化消除这些克隆操作。" -#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md +#: src/memory-management/clone.md:27 msgid "" -"While move semantics are the default, certain types are copied by default:" +"`clone` generally performs a deep copy of the value, meaning that if you e.g. clone an " +"array, all of the elements of the array are cloned as well." +msgstr "`clone` 通常执行值的深拷贝，这意味着如果你克隆一个数组，数组的所有元素也会被克隆。" + +#: src/memory-management/clone.md:30 +msgid "" +"The behavior for `clone` is user-defined, so it can perform custom cloning logic if " +"needed." +msgstr "`clone` 的行为是用户定义的，因此如果需要，它可以执行自定义的克隆逻辑。" + +#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md:3 +msgid "While move semantics are the default, certain types are copied by default:" msgstr "虽然移动语义是默认的，但默认情况下会复制某些类型：" -#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md +#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md:16 msgid "These types implement the `Copy` trait." msgstr "这些类型实现了 `Copy` trait。" -#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md +#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md:18 msgid "You can opt-in your own types to use copy semantics:" msgstr "你可以选择自己的类型来使用复制语义：" -#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md +#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md:34 msgid "After the assignment, both `p1` and `p2` own their own data." msgstr "赋值之后，`p1` 和 `p2` 都拥有自己的数据。" -#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md +#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md:35 msgid "We can also use `p1.clone()` to explicitly copy the data." msgstr "我们还可以使用 `p1.clone()` 显式复制数据。" -#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md +#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md:40 msgid "Copying and cloning are not the same thing:" msgstr "复制和克隆是两码事：" -#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md +#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md:42 msgid "" -"Copying refers to bitwise copies of memory regions and does not work on " -"arbitrary objects." +"Copying refers to bitwise copies of memory regions and does not work on arbitrary " +"objects." msgstr "复制是指内存区域的按位复制，不适用于任意对象。" -#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md -msgid "" -"Copying does not allow for custom logic (unlike copy constructors in C++)." +#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md:44 +msgid "Copying does not allow for custom logic (unlike copy constructors in C++)." msgstr "复制不允许自定义逻辑（不同于 C++ 中的复制构造函数）。" -#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md +#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md:45 msgid "" -"Cloning is a more general operation and also allows for custom behavior by " -"implementing the `Clone` trait." +"Cloning is a more general operation and also allows for custom behavior by implementing " +"the `Clone` trait." msgstr "克隆是一种更通用的操作，也允许通过实现 `Clone` trait 来自定义行为。" -#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md +#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md:47 msgid "Copying does not work on types that implement the `Drop` trait." msgstr "复制不适用于实现 `Drop` trait 的类型。" -#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md +#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md:49 msgid "In the above example, try the following:" msgstr "在上述示例中，请尝试以下操作：" -#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md +#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md:51 msgid "" -"Add a `String` field to `struct Point`. It will not compile because `String` " -"is not a `Copy` type." +"Add a `String` field to `struct Point`. It will not compile because `String` is not a " +"`Copy` type." msgstr "" -"在 `struct Point` 中添加 `String` 字段。由于 `String` 不属于 `Copy` 类型，因" -"此无法编译。" +"在 `struct Point` 中添加 `String` 字段。由于 `String` 不属于 `Copy` 类型，因此无法编译。" -#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md:53 msgid "" -"Remove `Copy` from the `derive` attribute. The compiler error is now in the " -"`println!` for `p1`." -msgstr "" -"从 `derive` 属性中移除 `Copy`。现在，编译器错误位于 `p1`的 `println!` 中。" +"Remove `Copy` from the `derive` attribute. The compiler error is now in the `println!` " +"for `p1`." +msgstr "从 `derive` 属性中移除 `Copy`。现在，编译器错误位于 `p1`的 `println!` 中。" -#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md +#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md:55 msgid "Show that it works if you clone `p1` instead." msgstr "指出如果你改为克隆 `p1`，则可按预期运行。" -#: src/memory-management/drop.md +#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md:59 +msgid "" +"Shared references are `Copy`/`Clone`, mutable references are not. This is because rust " +"requires that mutable references be exclusive, so while it's valid to make a copy of a " +"shared reference, creating a copy of a mutable reference would violate Rust's borrowing " +"rules." +msgstr "" +"共享引用是 `Copy`/`Clone` 的，可变引用则不是。这是因为 Rust 要求可变引用是独占的，所以虽" +"然对共享引用进行复制是有效的，但复制可变引用会违反 Rust 的借用规则。" + +#: src/memory-management/drop.md:1 msgid "The `Drop` Trait" msgstr "`Drop` 特征" -#: src/memory-management/drop.md -msgid "" -"Values which implement [`Drop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Drop." -"html) can specify code to run when they go out of scope:" -msgstr "" -"用于实现 [`Drop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Drop.html) 的值可以" -"指定在超出范围时运行的代码：" +#: src/memory-management/drop.md:3 +msgid "Values which implement `Drop` can specify code to run when they go out of scope:" +msgstr "用于实现 `Drop` 的值可以指定在超出范围时运行的代码：" -#: src/memory-management/drop.md +#: src/memory-management/drop.md:13 msgid "\"Dropping {}\"" msgstr "\"Dropping {}\"" -#: src/memory-management/drop.md src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md +#: src/memory-management/drop.md:18 src/concurrency/sync-exercises/link-checker.md:85 +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/solutions.md:121 msgid "\"a\"" msgstr "\"a\"" -#: src/memory-management/drop.md src/testing/googletest.md +#: src/memory-management/drop.md:20 src/android/testing/googletest.md:12 msgid "\"b\"" msgstr "\"b\"" -#: src/memory-management/drop.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/memory-management/drop.md:22 msgid "\"c\"" msgstr "\"c\"" -#: src/memory-management/drop.md +#: src/memory-management/drop.md:23 msgid "\"d\"" msgstr "\"d\"" -#: src/memory-management/drop.md +#: src/memory-management/drop.md:24 msgid "\"Exiting block B\"" msgstr "\"Exiting block B\"" -#: src/memory-management/drop.md +#: src/memory-management/drop.md:26 msgid "\"Exiting block A\"" msgstr "\"Exiting block A\"" -#: src/memory-management/drop.md +#: src/memory-management/drop.md:29 msgid "\"Exiting main\"" msgstr "\"Exiting main\"" -#: src/memory-management/drop.md +#: src/memory-management/drop.md:36 msgid "Note that `std::mem::drop` is not the same as `std::ops::Drop::drop`." msgstr "请注意，`std::mem::drop` 与 `std::ops::Drop::drop` 不同。" -#: src/memory-management/drop.md +#: src/memory-management/drop.md:37 msgid "Values are automatically dropped when they go out of scope." msgstr "当值超出范围时，系统会自动将其删除。" -#: src/memory-management/drop.md +#: src/memory-management/drop.md:38 msgid "" -"When a value is dropped, if it implements `std::ops::Drop` then its `Drop::" -"drop` implementation will be called." -msgstr "" -"丢弃某个值时，如果该值实现了 `std::ops::Drop`，则会调用其 `Drop::drop` 实现。" +"When a value is dropped, if it implements `std::ops::Drop` then its `Drop::drop` " +"implementation will be called." +msgstr "丢弃某个值时，如果该值实现了 `std::ops::Drop`，则会调用其 `Drop::drop` 实现。" -#: src/memory-management/drop.md -msgid "" -"All its fields will then be dropped too, whether or not it implements `Drop`." +#: src/memory-management/drop.md:40 +msgid "All its fields will then be dropped too, whether or not it implements `Drop`." msgstr "然后，该值所有字段也会被丢弃，无论其是否实现了 `Drop`。" -#: src/memory-management/drop.md +#: src/memory-management/drop.md:41 msgid "" -"`std::mem::drop` is just an empty function that takes any value. The " -"significance is that it takes ownership of the value, so at the end of its " -"scope it gets dropped. This makes it a convenient way to explicitly drop " -"values earlier than they would otherwise go out of scope." +"`std::mem::drop` is just an empty function that takes any value. The significance is " +"that it takes ownership of the value, so at the end of its scope it gets dropped. This " +"makes it a convenient way to explicitly drop values earlier than they would otherwise go " +"out of scope." msgstr "" -"`std::mem::drop` 只是一个采用任何值的空函数。重要的是它获得了值的所有权，因此" -"在其作用域结束时便会被丢弃。如此您可以轻松提前明确地丢弃值，而不必等到值超过" -"范围的时候。" +"`std::mem::drop` 只是一个采用任何值的空函数。重要的是它获得了值的所有权，因此在其作用域结" +"束时便会被丢弃。如此您可以轻松提前明确地丢弃值，而不必等到值超过范围的时候。" -#: src/memory-management/drop.md +#: src/memory-management/drop.md:45 msgid "" -"This can be useful for objects that do some work on `drop`: releasing locks, " -"closing files, etc." +"This can be useful for objects that do some work on `drop`: releasing locks, closing " +"files, etc." msgstr "这对于通过 `drop` 执行任务的对象来说非常有用，例如释放锁、关闭文件等。" -#: src/memory-management/drop.md +#: src/memory-management/drop.md:50 msgid "Why doesn't `Drop::drop` take `self`?" msgstr "为什么 `Drop::drop` 不使用 `self`？" -#: src/memory-management/drop.md +#: src/memory-management/drop.md:51 msgid "" -"Short-answer: If it did, `std::mem::drop` would be called at the end of the " -"block, resulting in another call to `Drop::drop`, and a stack overflow!" +"Short-answer: If it did, `std::mem::drop` would be called at the end of the block, " +"resulting in another call to `Drop::drop`, and a stack overflow!" msgstr "" -"简答：如果这样的话，系统会在代码块结尾 调用 `std::mem::drop`，进而引发再一次" -"调用 `Drop::drop`，并引发堆栈 溢出！" +"简答：如果这样的话，系统会在代码块结尾 调用 `std::mem::drop`，进而引发再一次调用 `Drop::" +"drop`，并引发堆栈 溢出！" -#: src/memory-management/drop.md +#: src/memory-management/drop.md:53 msgid "Try replacing `drop(a)` with `a.drop()`." msgstr "尝试用 `a.drop()` 替换 `drop(a)`。" -#: src/memory-management/exercise.md +#: src/memory-management/exercise.md:3 msgid "" -"In this example, we will implement a complex data type that owns all of its " -"data. We will use the \"builder pattern\" to support building a new value " -"piece-by-piece, using convenience functions." +"In this example, we will implement a complex data type that owns all of its data. We " +"will use the \"builder pattern\" to support building a new value piece-by-piece, using " +"convenience functions." msgstr "" -"在此示例中，我们将实现一个拥有全部数据所有权的复杂数据类型。我们将使用 “构建" -"器模式”来支持逐步构建新值，通过便捷函数来实现。" +"在此示例中，我们将实现一个拥有全部数据所有权的复杂数据类型。我们将使用 “构建器模式”来支持" +"逐步构建新值，通过便捷函数来实现。" -#: src/memory-management/exercise.md +#: src/memory-management/exercise.md:7 msgid "Fill in the missing pieces." msgstr "填补缺失的内容。" -#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md -msgid "/// A representation of a software package.\n" -msgstr "/// A representation of a software package.\n" +#: src/memory-management/exercise.md:22 src/memory-management/solution.md:16 +msgid "/// A representation of a software package." +msgstr "/// 软件包的表示。" -#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md +#: src/memory-management/exercise.md:34 src/memory-management/solution.md:28 msgid "" -"/// Return a representation of this package as a dependency, for use in\n" -" /// building other packages.\n" -msgstr "" +"/// Return a representation of this package as a dependency, for use in /// building " +"other packages." +msgstr "/// 返回此软件包的表示形式作为一个依赖项，用于构建其他软件包。" -#: src/memory-management/exercise.md +#: src/memory-management/exercise.md:37 msgid "\"1\"" msgstr "\"1\"" -#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md -msgid "" -"/// A builder for a Package. Use `build()` to create the `Package` itself.\n" -msgstr "" -"/// A builder for a Package. Use `build()` to create the `Package` itself.\n" +#: src/memory-management/exercise.md:40 src/memory-management/solution.md:37 +msgid "/// A builder for a Package. Use `build()` to create the `Package` itself." +msgstr "/// 用于构建 `Package` 的构造器。使用 `build()` 来创建 `Package` 本身。" -#: src/memory-management/exercise.md +#: src/memory-management/exercise.md:46 msgid "\"2\"" msgstr "\"2\"" -#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md -msgid "/// Set the package version.\n" -msgstr "/// Set the package version.\n" +#: src/memory-management/exercise.md:49 src/memory-management/solution.md:52 +msgid "/// Set the package version." +msgstr "/// 设置软件包版本。" -#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md -msgid "/// Set the package authors.\n" -msgstr "/// Set the package authors.\n" +#: src/memory-management/exercise.md:55 src/memory-management/solution.md:58 +msgid "/// Set the package authors." +msgstr "/// 设置软件包作者。" -#: src/memory-management/exercise.md +#: src/memory-management/exercise.md:57 msgid "\"3\"" msgstr "\"3\"" -#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md -msgid "/// Add an additional dependency.\n" -msgstr "/// Add an additional dependency.\n" +#: src/memory-management/exercise.md:60 src/memory-management/solution.md:64 +msgid "/// Add an additional dependency." +msgstr "/// 添加额外依赖。" -#: src/memory-management/exercise.md +#: src/memory-management/exercise.md:62 msgid "\"4\"" msgstr "\"4\"" -#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md -msgid "/// Set the language. If not set, language defaults to None.\n" -msgstr "/// Set the language. If not set, language defaults to None.\n" +#: src/memory-management/exercise.md:65 src/memory-management/solution.md:70 +msgid "/// Set the language. If not set, language defaults to None." +msgstr "/// 设置语言。如果没有设置，则默认将语言设置为None。" -#: src/memory-management/exercise.md +#: src/memory-management/exercise.md:67 msgid "\"5\"" msgstr "\"5\"" -#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md +#: src/memory-management/exercise.md:76 src/memory-management/solution.md:82 msgid "\"base64\"" msgstr "\"base64\"" -#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md +#: src/memory-management/exercise.md:76 src/memory-management/solution.md:82 msgid "\"0.13\"" msgstr "\"0.13\"" -#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md +#: src/memory-management/exercise.md:77 src/memory-management/solution.md:83 msgid "\"base64: {base64:?}\"" msgstr "\"base64: {base64:?}\"" -#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md +#: src/memory-management/exercise.md:79 src/memory-management/solution.md:85 msgid "\"log\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "“log”" -#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md +#: src/memory-management/exercise.md:79 src/memory-management/solution.md:85 msgid "\"0.4\"" msgstr "\"0.4\"" -#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md +#: src/memory-management/exercise.md:80 src/memory-management/solution.md:86 msgid "\"log: {log:?}\"" msgstr "\"log: {log:?}\"" -#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md +#: src/memory-management/exercise.md:81 src/memory-management/solution.md:87 msgid "\"serde\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "“serde”" -#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md +#: src/memory-management/exercise.md:82 src/memory-management/solution.md:88 msgid "\"djmitche\"" msgstr "\"djmitche\"" -#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md +#: src/memory-management/exercise.md:83 src/memory-management/solution.md:89 msgid "\"4.0\"" msgstr "\"4.0\"" -#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md +#: src/memory-management/exercise.md:87 src/memory-management/solution.md:93 msgid "\"serde: {serde:?}\"" msgstr "\"serde: {serde:?}\"" -#: src/memory-management/solution.md +#: src/memory-management/solution.md:45 msgid "\"0.1\"" msgstr "\"0.1\"" #: src/smart-pointers.md -msgid "[Box" -msgstr "" +msgid "Box" +msgstr "Box" #: src/smart-pointers.md -msgid "](./smart-pointers/box.md) (10 minutes)" -msgstr "" +msgid "Rc" +msgstr "Rc" -#: src/smart-pointers.md -msgid "[Rc](./smart-pointers/rc.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" +#: src/smart-pointers/box.md:3 +msgid "`Box` is an owned pointer to data on the heap:" +msgstr "`Box` 是指向堆上数据的自有指针：" -#: src/smart-pointers.md -msgid "[Trait Objects](./smart-pointers/trait-objects.md) (10 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/smart-pointers.md -msgid "[Exercise: Binary Tree](./smart-pointers/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/smart-pointers/box.md -msgid "" -"[`Box`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box.html) is an owned " -"pointer to data on the heap:" -msgstr "" -"[`Box`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box.html) 是指向堆上数据的" -"自有指针：" - -#: src/smart-pointers/box.md +#: src/smart-pointers/box.md:9 msgid "\"five: {}\"" msgstr "\"five: {}\"" -#: src/smart-pointers/box.md +#: src/smart-pointers/box.md:26 msgid "" -"`Box` implements `Deref`, which means that you can [call " -"methods from `T` directly on a `Box`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/" -"trait.Deref.html#more-on-deref-coercion)." +"`Box` implements `Deref`, which means that you can call methods from `T` " +"directly on a `Box`." msgstr "" -"`Box` 会实现 `Deref`，这意味着您可以[直接在 `Box` 上通过 " -"`T` 调用相应方法](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Deref.html#more-on-" -"deref-coercion)。" +"`Box` 会实现 `Deref`，这意味着您可以直接在 `Box` 上通过 `T` 调用相应方" +"法。" -#: src/smart-pointers/box.md -msgid "" -"Recursive data types or data types with dynamic sizes need to use a `Box`:" +#: src/smart-pointers/box.md:30 +msgid "Recursive data types or data types with dynamic sizes need to use a `Box`:" msgstr "递归数据类型或具有动态大小的数据类型需要使用 `Box`：" -#: src/smart-pointers/box.md +#: src/smart-pointers/box.md:35 msgid "/// A non-empty list: first element and the rest of the list." -msgstr "" +msgstr "/// 一个非空列表：第一个元素和列表的其余部分。" -#: src/smart-pointers/box.md +#: src/smart-pointers/box.md:37 msgid "/// An empty list." -msgstr "" +msgstr "/// 一个空列表。" -#: src/smart-pointers/box.md +#: src/smart-pointers/box.md:44 msgid "\"{list:?}\"" msgstr "\"{list:?}\"" -#: src/smart-pointers/box.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/smart-pointers/box.md:48 msgid "" "```bob\n" " Stack Heap\n" -".- - - - - - - - - - - - - - . .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " -"- - - - -.\n" +".- - - - - - - - - - - - - - . .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" ": : : :\n" -": " -"list : : :\n" -": +---------+----+----+ : : +---------+----+----+ +------+----" -"+----+ :\n" -": | Element | 1 | o--+----+-----+--->| Element | 2 | o--+--->| Nil | // " -"| // | :\n" -": +---------+----+----+ : : +---------+----+----+ +------+----" -"+----+ :\n" +": list : : :\n" +": +---------+----+----+ : : +---------+----+----+ +------+----+----+ :\n" +": | Element | 1 | o--+----+-----+--->| Element | 2 | o--+--->| Nil | // | // | :\n" +": +---------+----+----+ : : +---------+----+----+ +------+----+----+ :\n" ": : : :\n" ": : : :\n" -"'- - - - - - - - - - - - - - ' '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " -"- - - - -'\n" +"'- - - - - - - - - - - - - - ' '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" "```" msgstr "" "```bob\n" -" 栈 堆\n" -".- - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " -"- -.\n" -": : : :\n" -": " -"list : : :\n" -": +------+----+----+ : : +------+----+----+ +------+----+----" -"+ :\n" -": | Cons | 1 | o--+----+-----+--->| Cons | 2 | o--+--->| Nil | // | // " -"| :\n" -": +------+----+----+ : : +------+----+----+ +------+----+----" -"+ :\n" -": : : :\n" -": : : :\n" -"'- - - - - - - - - - - - -' '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " -"- -'\n" +" Stack Heap\n" +".- - - - - - - - - - - - - - . .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" +": : : :\n" +": list : : :\n" +": +---------+----+----+ : : +---------+----+----+ +------+----+----+ :\n" +": | Element | 1 | o--+----+-----+--->| Element | 2 | o--+--->| Nil | // | // | :\n" +": +————+——+——+ : : +————+——+——+ +———+——+——+ :\n" +": : : :\n" +": : : :\n" +"‘- - - - - - - - - - - - - - ‘ ‘- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -‘\n" "```" -#: src/smart-pointers/box.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"`Box` is like `std::unique_ptr` in C++, except that it's guaranteed to be " -"not null." -msgstr "" -"在 C++ 中，`Box` 与 `std::unique_ptr` 类似，除了它一定会不为 null 以外。" +#: src/smart-pointers/box.md:64 +msgid "`Box` is like `std::unique_ptr` in C++, except that it's guaranteed to be not null." +msgstr "在 C++ 中，`Box` 与 `std::unique_ptr` 类似，除了它一定会不为 null 以外。" -#: src/smart-pointers/box.md +#: src/smart-pointers/box.md:66 msgid "A `Box` can be useful when you:" msgstr "在以下情况下，`Box` 可能会很实用：" -#: src/smart-pointers/box.md +#: src/smart-pointers/box.md:67 msgid "" -"have a type whose size that can't be known at compile time, but the Rust " -"compiler wants to know an exact size." +"have a type whose size that can't be known at compile time, but the Rust compiler wants " +"to know an exact size." msgstr "在编译时间遇到无法知晓大小的类型，但 Rust 编译器需要知道确切大小。" -#: src/smart-pointers/box.md +#: src/smart-pointers/box.md:69 msgid "" -"want to transfer ownership of a large amount of data. To avoid copying large " -"amounts of data on the stack, instead store the data on the heap in a `Box` " -"so only the pointer is moved." +"want to transfer ownership of a large amount of data. To avoid copying large amounts of " +"data on the stack, instead store the data on the heap in a `Box` so only the pointer is " +"moved." msgstr "" -"想要转让大量数据的所有权。为避免在堆栈上复制大量数据，请改为将数据存储在 " -"`Box` 中的堆上，以便仅移动指针。" +"想要转让大量数据的所有权。为避免在堆栈上复制大量数据，请改为将数据存储在 `Box` 中的堆上，" +"以便仅移动指针。" -#: src/smart-pointers/box.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/smart-pointers/box.md:73 msgid "" -"If `Box` was not used and we attempted to embed a `List` directly into the " -"`List`, the compiler would not compute a fixed size of the struct in memory " -"(`List` would be of infinite size)." +"If `Box` was not used and we attempted to embed a `List` directly into the `List`, the " +"compiler would not be able to compute a fixed size for the struct in memory (the `List` " +"would be of infinite size)." msgstr "" -"如果这里未使用 `Box`，且我们曾尝试将一个 `List` 直接嵌入 `List`， 编译器就不" -"会计算内存中结构体的固定大小，结构体看起来会像是无限大。" +"如果没有使用 `Box` 并且我们尝试直接将一个 `List` 嵌入到另一个 `List` 中，编译器将无法计算" +"结构体在内存中的固定大小（`List` 的大小将是无限的）。" -#: src/smart-pointers/box.md +#: src/smart-pointers/box.md:77 msgid "" -"`Box` solves this problem as it has the same size as a regular pointer and " -"just points at the next element of the `List` in the heap." +"`Box` solves this problem as it has the same size as a regular pointer and just points " +"at the next element of the `List` in the heap." msgstr "" -"`Box` 大小与一般指针相同，并且只会指向堆中的下一个 `List` 元素， 因此可以解决" -"这个问题。" +"`Box` 大小与一般指针相同，并且只会指向堆中的下一个 `List` 元素， 因此可以解决这个问题。" -#: src/smart-pointers/box.md +#: src/smart-pointers/box.md:80 msgid "" -"Remove the `Box` in the List definition and show the compiler error. " -"\"Recursive with indirection\" is a hint you might want to use a Box or " -"reference of some kind, instead of storing a value directly." +"Remove the `Box` in the List definition and show the compiler error. We get the message " +"\"recursive without indirection\", because for data recursion, we have to use " +"indirection, a `Box` or reference of some kind, instead of storing the value directly." msgstr "" -"将 `Box` 从 List 定义中移除后，画面上会显示编译器错误。如果您看到“Recursive " -"with indirection”错误消息，这是在提示您使用 Box 或其他类型的引用，而不是直接" -"储存值。" +"将 `Box` 从 List 定义中移除后，画面上会显示编译器错误。如果您看到“Recursive with " +"indirection”错误消息，这是在提示您使用 Box 或其他类型的引用，而不是直接储存值。" -#: src/smart-pointers/box.md +#: src/smart-pointers/box.md:87 msgid "Niche Optimization" msgstr "小众优化" -#: src/smart-pointers/box.md +#: src/smart-pointers/box.md:89 msgid "" -"A `Box` cannot be empty, so the pointer is always valid and non-`null`. This " -"allows the compiler to optimize the memory layout:" +"Though `Box` looks like `std::unique_ptr` in C++, it cannot be empty/null. This makes " +"`Box` one of the types that allow the compiler to optimize storage of some enums." msgstr "" -"`Box` 不得为空，因此指针始终有效且非 `null`。这样， 编译器就可以优化内存布" -"局：" +"虽然 `Box` 看起来像 C++ 中的 `std::unique_ptr`，但它不能是空的/空指针。这使得 `Box` 成为" +"允许编译器优化某些枚举类型存储的类型之一。" -#: src/smart-pointers/box.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/smart-pointers/box.md:93 msgid "" -"```bob\n" -" Stack Heap\n" -".- - - - - - - - - - - - - - . .- - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" -": : : :\n" -": list : : :\n" -": +---------+----+----+ : : +---------+----+----+ :\n" -": | Element | 1 | o--+----+-----+--->| Element | 2 | // | :\n" -": +---------+----+----+ : : +---------+----+----+ :\n" -": : : :\n" -": : : :\n" -"'- - - - - - - - - - - - - - ' '- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" -"```" +"For example, `Option>` has the same size, as just `Box`, because compiler uses " +"NULL-value to discriminate variants instead of using explicit tag (\"Null Pointer " +"Optimization\"):" msgstr "" -"```bob\n" -" 栈 堆\n" -".- - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " -"- -.\n" -": : : :\n" -": " -"list : : :\n" -": +------+----+----+ : : +------+----+----+ +------+----+----" -"+ :\n" -": | Cons | 1 | o--+----+-----+--->| Cons | 2 | o--+--->| Nil | // | // " -"| :\n" -": +------+----+----+ : : +------+----+----+ +------+----+----" -"+ :\n" -": : : :\n" -": : : :\n" -"'- - - - - - - - - - - - -' '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " -"- -'\n" -"```" +"例如，`Option>` 的大小与单独的 `Box` 相同，因为编译器使用 NULL 值来区分变体，而" +"不是使用显式标签（”空指针优化”）：" + +#: src/smart-pointers/box.md:103 +msgid "\"Just box\"" +msgstr "“Just box”" + +#: src/smart-pointers/box.md:105 +msgid "\"Optional box\"" +msgstr "“Optional box”" + +#: src/smart-pointers/box.md:111 +msgid "\"Size of just_box: {}\"" +msgstr "“Size of just_box: {}”" + +#: src/smart-pointers/box.md:112 +msgid "\"Size of optional_box: {}\"" +msgstr "“Size of optional_box: {}”" -#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md +#: src/smart-pointers/box.md:113 +msgid "\"Size of none: {}\"" +msgstr "“Size of none: {}”" + +#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md:3 msgid "" -"[`Rc`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/rc/struct.Rc.html) is a reference-" -"counted shared pointer. Use this when you need to refer to the same data " -"from multiple places:" -msgstr "" -"[`Rc`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/rc/struct.Rc.html) 是引用计数的共享指" -"针。如果您需要从多个位置 引用相同的数据，请使用此指针：" +"`Rc` is a reference-counted shared pointer. Use this when you need to refer to the same " +"data from multiple places:" +msgstr "`Rc` 是引用计数的共享指针。如果您需要从多个位置 引用相同的数据，请使用此指针：" -#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md +#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md:13 msgid "\"a: {a}\"" msgstr "\"a: {a}\"" -#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md +#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md:14 msgid "\"b: {b}\"" msgstr "\"b: {b}\"" -#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"See [`Arc`](../concurrency/shared_state/arc.md) and [`Mutex`](https://doc." -"rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html) if you are in a multi-threaded " -"context." -msgstr "" -"如果您在多线程情境中，请参阅 [`Arc`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/" -"struct.Mutex.html)。" +#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md:18 +msgid "See `Arc` and `Mutex` if you are in a multi-threaded context." +msgstr "如果你在多线程环境中，请参考 `Arc` 和 `Mutex`。" -#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md +#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md:19 msgid "" -"You can _downgrade_ a shared pointer into a [`Weak`](https://doc.rust-lang." -"org/std/rc/struct.Weak.html) pointer to create cycles that will get dropped." -msgstr "" -"您可以将共享指针_降级_为 [`Weak`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/rc/struct." -"Weak.html) 指针， 以便创建之后会被舍弃的循环引用。" +"You can _downgrade_ a shared pointer into a `Weak` pointer to create cycles that will " +"get dropped." +msgstr "您可以将共享指针*降级*为 `Weak` 指针， 以便创建之后会被舍弃的循环引用。" -#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md +#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md:30 msgid "" -"`Rc`'s count ensures that its contained value is valid for as long as there " -"are references." +"`Rc`'s count ensures that its contained value is valid for as long as there are " +"references." msgstr "`Rc` 的计数可确保只要有引用，内含的值就会保持有效。" -#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md +#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md:32 msgid "`Rc` in Rust is like `std::shared_ptr` in C++." msgstr "Rust 中的“Rc”与 C++ 中的“std::shared_ptr”类似。" -#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md +#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md:33 msgid "" -"`Rc::clone` is cheap: it creates a pointer to the same allocation and " -"increases the reference count. Does not make a deep clone and can generally " -"be ignored when looking for performance issues in code." +"`Rc::clone` is cheap: it creates a pointer to the same allocation and increases the " +"reference count. Does not make a deep clone and can generally be ignored when looking " +"for performance issues in code." msgstr "" -"`Rc::clone` 的成本很低：这个做法会创建指向相同分配的指针，并增加引用计数，而" -"不会产生深层的克隆，排查代码性能问题时通常可以忽略。" +"`Rc::clone` 的成本很低：这个做法会创建指向相同分配的指针，并增加引用计数，而不会产生深层" +"的克隆，排查代码性能问题时通常可以忽略。" -#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md +#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md:36 msgid "" -"`make_mut` actually clones the inner value if necessary (\"clone-on-write\") " -"and returns a mutable reference." -msgstr "" -"`make_mut` 实际上会在必要时克隆内部值（“clone-on-write”），并返回可变的引用。" +"`make_mut` actually clones the inner value if necessary (\"clone-on-write\") and returns " +"a mutable reference." +msgstr "`make_mut` 实际上会在必要时克隆内部值（“clone-on-write”），并返回可变的引用。" -#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md +#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md:38 msgid "Use `Rc::strong_count` to check the reference count." msgstr "使用 `Rc::strong_count` 可查看引用计数。" -#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md:39 msgid "" -"`Rc::downgrade` gives you a _weakly reference-counted_ object to create " -"cycles that will be dropped properly (likely in combination with `RefCell`)." +"`Rc::downgrade` gives you a _weakly reference-counted_ object to create cycles that will " +"be dropped properly (likely in combination with `RefCell`)." msgstr "" -"`Rc::downgrade` 会向您提供 _弱引用计数_ 对象， 以便创建之后会被适当舍弃的周期" -"（可能会与 `RefCell` 组合）。" +"`Rc::downgrade` 会向您提供 *弱引用计数*对象， 以便创建之后会被适当舍弃的周期（可能会与 " +"`RefCell` 组合）。" -#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md +#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md:3 msgid "" -"Trait objects allow for values of different types, for instance in a " -"collection:" -msgstr "特征（Trait）对象可接受不同类型的值，举例来说，在集合中会是这样：" - -#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "\"Hello, who are you? {}\"" -msgstr "\"Hello, who are you? {}\"" +"We previously saw how trait objects can be used with references, e.g `&dyn Pet`. " +"However, we can also use trait objects with smart pointers like `Box` to create an owned " +"trait object: `Box`." +msgstr "" +"之前我们看到了如何使用引用来使用 trait objects，例如 `&dyn Pet`。然而，我们也可以使用智能" +"指针如 `Box` 来创建一个拥有所有权的 trait object：`Box`。" -#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md +#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md:43 msgid "Memory layout after allocating `pets`:" msgstr "以下是分配 `pets` 后的内存布局：" -#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md +#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md:45 msgid "" "```bob\n" " Stack Heap\n" -".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " -"- -.\n" +".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" ": : : :\n" -": pets : : +----+----+----+----" -"+ :\n" -": +-----------+-------+ : : +-----+-----+ .->| F | i | d | o " -"| :\n" -": | ptr | o---+---+-----+-->| o o | o o | | +----+----+----+----" -"+ :\n" -": | len | 2 | : : +-|-|-+-|-|-+ " -"`---------. :\n" -": | capacity | 2 | : : | | | | data " -"| :\n" -": +-----------+-------+ : : | | | | +-------+--|-------" -"+ :\n" -": : : | | | '-->| name | o, 4, 4 " -"| :\n" -": : : | | | | age | 5 " -"| :\n" -"`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -' : | | | +-------+----------" -"+ :\n" -" : | | " -"| :\n" -" : | | | " -"vtable :\n" -" : | | | +----------------------" -"+ :\n" -" : | | '---->| \"::talk\" " -"| :\n" -" : | | +----------------------" -"+ :\n" -" : | " -"| :\n" -" : | | " -"data :\n" -" : | | +-------+-------" -"+ :\n" -" : | '-->| lives | 9 " -"| :\n" -" : | +-------+-------" -"+ :\n" -" : " -"| :\n" -" : | " -"vtable :\n" -" : | +----------------------" -"+ :\n" -" : '---->| \"::talk\" " -"| :\n" -" : +----------------------" -"+ :\n" +": \"pets: Vec\" : : \"data: Cat\" +----+----+----+----+ :\n" +": +-----------+-------+ : : +-------+-------+ | F | i | d | o | :\n" +": | ptr | o---+---+--. : | lives | 9 | +----+----+----+----+ :\n" +": | len | 2 | : | : +-------+-------+ ^ :\n" +": | capacity | 2 | : | : ^ | :\n" +": +-----------+-------+ : | : | '-------. :\n" +": : | : | data:\"Dog\"| :\n" +": : | : | +-------+--|-------+ :\n" +"`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -' | : +---|-+-----+ | name | o, 4, 4 | :\n" +" `--+-->| o o | o o-|----->| age | 5 | :\n" +" : +-|---+-|---+ +-------+----------+ :\n" +" : | | :\n" +" `- - -| - - |- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" +" | |\n" +" | | \"Program text\"\n" +" .- - -| - - |- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" +" : | | vtable :\n" +" : | | +----------------------+ :\n" +" : | `----->| \"::talk\" | :\n" +" : | +----------------------+ :\n" +" : | vtable :\n" +" : | +----------------------+ :\n" +" : '----------->| \"::talk\" | :\n" +" : +----------------------+ :\n" " : :\n" -" '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " -"- -'\n" +" '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" "```" msgstr "" "```bob\n" " Stack Heap\n" -".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " -"- -.\n" +".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" ": : : :\n" -": pets : : +----+----+----+----" -"+ :\n" -": +-----------+-------+ : : +-----+-----+ .->| F | i | d | o " -"| :\n" -": | ptr | o---+---+-----+-->| o o | o o | | +----+----+----+----" -"+ :\n" -": | len | 2 | : : +-|-|-+-|-|-+ " -"`---------. :\n" -": | capacity | 2 | : : | | | | data " -"| :\n" -": +-----------+-------+ : : | | | | +-------+--|-------" -"+ :\n" -": : : | | | '-->| name | o, 4, 4 " -"| :\n" -": : : | | | | age | 5 " -"| :\n" -"`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -' : | | | +-------+----------" -"+ :\n" -" : | | " -"| :\n" -" : | | | " -"vtable :\n" -" : | | | +----------------------" -"+ :\n" -" : | | '---->| \"::talk\" " -"| :\n" -" : | | +----------------------" -"+ :\n" -" : | " -"| :\n" -" : | | " -"data :\n" -" : | | +-------+-------" -"+ :\n" -" : | '-->| lives | 9 " -"| :\n" -" : | +-------+-------" -"+ :\n" -" : " -"| :\n" -" : | " -"vtable :\n" -" : | +----------------------" -"+ :\n" -" : '---->| \"::talk\" " -"| :\n" -" : +----------------------" -"+ :\n" +": \"pets: Vec\" : : \"data: Cat\" +----+----+----+----+ :\n" +": +-----------+-------+ : : +-------+-------+ | F | i | d | o | :\n" +": | ptr | o---+---+--. : | lives | 9 | +----+----+----+----+ :\n" +": | len | 2 | : | : +-------+-------+ ^ :\n" +": | capacity | 2 | : | : ^ | :\n" +": +-----------+-------+ : | : | '-------. :\n" +": : | : | data:\"Dog\"| :\n" +": : | : | +-------+--|-------+ :\n" +"`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -' | : +---|-+-----+ | name | o, 4, 4 | :\n" +" `--+-->| o o | o o-|----->| age | 5 | :\n" +" : +-|---+-|---+ +-------+----------+ :\n" +" : | | :\n" +" `- - -| - - |- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" +" | |\n" +" | | \"Program text\"\n" +" .- - -| - - |- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" +" : | | vtable :\n" +" : | | +----------------------+ :\n" +" : | `----->| \"::talk\" | :\n" +" : | +----------------------+ :\n" +" : | vtable :\n" +" : | +———————————+ :\n" +" : ‘—————>| “::talk” | :\n" +" : +———————————+ :\n" " : :\n" -" '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " -"- -'\n" +" ‘- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -‘\n" "```" -#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md +#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md:80 msgid "" -"Types that implement a given trait may be of different sizes. This makes it " -"impossible to have things like `Vec` in the example above." +"Types that implement a given trait may be of different sizes. This makes it impossible " +"to have things like `Vec` in the example above." msgstr "" -"实现给定 trait 的类型可能大小不同。因此，上例中不可能具有像 `Vec` 这" -"样的项。" +"实现给定 trait 的类型可能大小不同。因此，上例中不可能具有像 `Vec` 这样的项。" -#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md +#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md:82 msgid "" -"`dyn Pet` is a way to tell the compiler about a dynamically sized type that " -"implements `Pet`." +"`dyn Pet` is a way to tell the compiler about a dynamically sized type that implements " +"`Pet`." msgstr "可通过“dyn Pet”这个方法向编译器告知实现“Pet”的动态大小类型。" -#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md +#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md:84 msgid "" -"In the example, `pets` is allocated on the stack and the vector data is on " -"the heap. The two vector elements are _fat pointers_:" -msgstr "" -"在本例中，`pets` 在栈上分配内存，矢量数据存储在堆上。这两个矢量元素是 _胖指针" -"_：" +"In the example, `pets` is allocated on the stack and the vector data is on the heap. The " +"two vector elements are _fat pointers_:" +msgstr "在本例中，`pets` 在栈上分配内存，矢量数据存储在堆上。这两个矢量元素是 _胖指针_：" -#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md +#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md:86 msgid "" -"A fat pointer is a double-width pointer. It has two components: a pointer to " -"the actual object and a pointer to the [virtual method table](https://en." -"wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_method_table) (vtable) for the `Pet` " -"implementation of that particular object." +"A fat pointer is a double-width pointer. It has two components: a pointer to the actual " +"object and a pointer to the virtual method table (vtable) for the `Pet` implementation " +"of that particular object." msgstr "" -"胖指针属于全角指针。它包含两个部分：指向实际对象的指针，以及指向该特定对象的 " -"`Pet` 实现的 [虚拟方法表](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" -"Virtual_method_table) (vtable) 的指针。" +"胖指针属于全角指针。它包含两个部分：指向实际对象的指针，以及指向该特定对象的 `Pet` 实现的" +"虚拟方法表(vtable) 的指针。" -#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md +#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md:89 msgid "" -"The data for the `Dog` named Fido is the `name` and `age` fields. The `Cat` " -"has a `lives` field." +"The data for the `Dog` named Fido is the `name` and `age` fields. The `Cat` has a " +"`lives` field." msgstr "" -"`Dog`（名为 Fido）类型的数据是 `name` 和 `age` 字段。`Cat` 类型包含一个 " -"`lives` 字段。" +"`Dog`（名为 Fido）类型的数据是 `name` 和 `age` 字段。`Cat` 类型包含一个 `lives` 字段。" -#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md +#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md:91 msgid "Compare these outputs in the above example:" msgstr "比较上述示例中的这些输出：" -#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md +#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md:3 msgid "" -"A binary tree is a tree-type data structure where every node has two " -"children (left and right). We will create a tree where each node stores a " -"value. For a given node N, all nodes in a N's left subtree contain smaller " -"values, and all nodes in N's right subtree will contain larger values." +"A binary tree is a tree-type data structure where every node has two children (left and " +"right). We will create a tree where each node stores a value. For a given node N, all " +"nodes in a N's left subtree contain smaller values, and all nodes in N's right subtree " +"will contain larger values." msgstr "" -"二元树是一种树型数据结构，其中每个节点都有两个子节点（左侧和右侧）。我们将创" -"建一个树状结构，其中每个节点存储一个值。对于给定的节点 N，N 的左侧子树中的所" -"有节点都包含较小的值，而 N 的右侧子树中的所有节点都将包含较大的值。" +"二元树是一种树型数据结构，其中每个节点都有两个子节点（左侧和右侧）。我们将创建一个树状结" +"构，其中每个节点存储一个值。对于给定的节点 N，N 的左侧子树中的所有节点都包含较小的值，而 " +"N 的右侧子树中的所有节点都将包含较大的值。" -#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md +#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md:8 msgid "Implement the following types, so that the given tests pass." msgstr "实现以下类型，以便通过指定的测试。" -#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md +#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md:10 msgid "" -"Extra Credit: implement an iterator over a binary tree that returns the " -"values in order." +"Extra Credit: implement an iterator over a binary tree that returns the values in order." msgstr "额外提示：对按顺序返回值的二元树实现迭代器。" -#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md src/smart-pointers/solution.md -msgid "/// A node in the binary tree.\n" -msgstr "" +#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md:14 src/smart-pointers/solution.md:5 +msgid "/// A node in the binary tree." +msgstr "/// 二叉树中的一个结点。" -#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md src/smart-pointers/solution.md -msgid "/// A possibly-empty subtree.\n" -msgstr "" +#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md:21 src/smart-pointers/solution.md:13 +msgid "/// A possibly-empty subtree." +msgstr "/// 一个可能为空的子树。" -#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md src/smart-pointers/solution.md +#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md:25 src/smart-pointers/solution.md:17 msgid "" -"/// A container storing a set of values, using a binary tree.\n" -"///\n" -"/// If the same value is added multiple times, it is only stored once.\n" -msgstr "" -"/// A container storing a set of values, using a binary tree.\n" -"///\n" -"/// If the same value is added multiple times, it is only stored once.\n" +"/// A container storing a set of values, using a binary tree. /// /// If the same value " +"is added multiple times, it is only stored once." +msgstr "/// 使用二叉树存储一组值的容器。如果相同的值被多次添加，它只会被存储一次。" -#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "// Implement `new`, `insert`, `len`, and `has`." -msgstr "// Implement `new`, `insert`, and `has`.\n" +#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md:51 +msgid "// Implement `new`, `insert`, `len`, and `has` for `Subtree`." +msgstr "/// 为子树实现`new`、`insert`、`len` 和 `has`。" -#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md src/smart-pointers/solution.md -msgid "// not a unique item\n" -msgstr "// not a unique item\n" +#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md:66 src/smart-pointers/solution.md:105 +msgid "// not a unique item" +msgstr "// 非唯一" -#: src/smart-pointers/solution.md src/testing/googletest.md +#: src/smart-pointers/solution.md:89 src/android/testing/googletest.md:11 msgid "\"bar\"" msgstr "\"bar\"" -#: src/welcome-day-3-afternoon.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "[Borrowing](./borrowing.md) (1 hour)" -msgstr "" -"借用：\n" -"请参阅 [借用](ownership/borrowing.md)。" - #: src/welcome-day-3-afternoon.md msgid "" -"[Slices and Lifetimes](./slices-and-lifetimes.md) (1 hour and 10 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/borrowing.md -msgid "[Borrowing a Value](./borrowing/shared.md) (10 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/borrowing.md -msgid "[Borrow Checking](./borrowing/borrowck.md) (10 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/borrowing.md -msgid "[Interior Mutability](./borrowing/interior-mutability.md) (10 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/borrowing.md -msgid "[Exercise: Health Statistics](./borrowing/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" -msgstr "" +"Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 1 hour and 55 minutes. It " +"contains:" +msgstr "包括 10 分钟的休息，这个会话大约需要 1 小时 55 分钟。其中包括：" -#: src/borrowing/shared.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/borrowing/shared.md:3 msgid "" -"As we saw before, instead of transferring ownership when calling a function, " -"you can let a function _borrow_ the value:" +"As we saw before, instead of transferring ownership when calling a function, you can let " +"a function _borrow_ the value:" msgstr "调用函数时，你可以让 函数“借用”值，而不是转移所有权：" -#: src/borrowing/shared.md +#: src/borrowing/shared.md:24 msgid "The `add` function _borrows_ two points and returns a new point." msgstr "`add` 函数“借用”两个点并返回一个新点。" -#: src/borrowing/shared.md +#: src/borrowing/shared.md:25 msgid "The caller retains ownership of the inputs." msgstr "调用方会保留输入的所有权。" -#: src/borrowing/shared.md +#: src/borrowing/shared.md:30 msgid "" -"This slide is a review of the material on references from day 1, expanding " -"slightly to include function arguments and return values." -msgstr "" -"此幻灯片是对第 1 天引用材料的回顾，并稍作了扩展，添加了函数参数和返回值。" +"This slide is a review of the material on references from day 1, expanding slightly to " +"include function arguments and return values." +msgstr "此幻灯片是对第 1 天引用材料的回顾，并稍作了扩展，添加了函数参数和返回值。" -#: src/borrowing/shared.md -msgid "Notes on stack returns:" -msgstr "关于栈返回的说明：" +#: src/borrowing/shared.md:35 +msgid "Notes on stack returns and inlining:" +msgstr "关于栈返回和内联的笔记：" -#: src/borrowing/shared.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/borrowing/shared.md:37 msgid "" -"Demonstrate that the return from `add` is cheap because the compiler can " -"eliminate the copy operation. Change the above code to print stack addresses " -"and run it on the [Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/?" -"version=stable&mode=release&edition=2021&gist=0cb13be1c05d7e3446686ad9947c4671) " -"or look at the assembly in [Godbolt](https://rust.godbolt.org/). In the " -"\"DEBUG\" optimization level, the addresses should change, while they stay " -"the same when changing to the \"RELEASE\" setting:" +"Demonstrate that the return from `add` is cheap because the compiler can eliminate the " +"copy operation, by inlining the call to add into main. Change the above code to print " +"stack addresses and run it on the Playground or look at the assembly in Godbolt. In the " +"\"DEBUG\" optimization level, the addresses should change, while they stay the same when " +"changing to the \"RELEASE\" setting:" msgstr "" -"证明从 `add` 返回的开销很低，因为编译器可以消除复制操作。更改上述代码以输出栈" -"地址，并在 [Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/) 上运行它。在“调试”优化级" -"别中，地址应发生变化，而在改成“发布”设置时保持不变：" +"演示从 `add` 返回的成本是低廉的，因为编译器可以通过将对 `add` 的调用内联到 `main` 函数中" +"来消除复制操作。将上面的代码更改为打印堆栈地址，并在 Playground 上运行它，或者在 Godbolt " +"上查看汇编代码。在 “DEBUG” 优化级别下，地址应该会变化，而在切换到 “RELEASE” 设置时地址应" +"该保持不变：" -#: src/borrowing/shared.md -msgid "The Rust compiler can do return value optimization (RVO)." -msgstr "Rust 编译器能够执行返回值优化 (RVO)。" +#: src/borrowing/shared.md:63 +msgid "" +"The Rust compiler can do automatic inlining, that can be disabled on a function level " +"with `#[inline(never)]`." +msgstr "Rust 编译器可以进行自动内联，可以通过 `#[inline(never)]` 在函数级别禁用内联。" -#: src/borrowing/shared.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/borrowing/shared.md:65 msgid "" -"In C++, copy elision has to be defined in the language specification because " -"constructors can have side effects. In Rust, this is not an issue at all. If " -"RVO did not happen, Rust will always perform a simple and efficient `memcpy` " -"copy." +"Once disabled, the printed address will change on all optimization levels. Looking at " +"Godbolt or Playground, one can see that in this case, the return of the value depends on " +"the ABI, e.g. on amd64 the two i32 that is making up the point will be returned in 2 " +"registers (eax and edx)." msgstr "" -"在 C++ 中，必须在语言规范中定义复制省略，因为构造函数可能会有附带效应。在 " -"Rust 中，这完全不是问题。如果 RVO 未发生，Rust 将始终执行简单且高效的 " -"`memcpy` 复制。" +"一旦禁用了内联，打印的地址将在所有优化级别下都发生变化。通过观察 Godbolt 或 Playground，" +"可以看到在这种情况下，返回值取决于 ABI，例如在 amd64 上，组成点的两个 i32 将分别返回到两" +"个寄存器中（eax 和 edx）。" -#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md:3 msgid "" -"Rust's _borrow checker_ puts constraints on the ways you can borrow values. " -"For a given value, at any time:" -msgstr "Rust 限制了借用值的方式：" +"Rust's _borrow checker_ puts constraints on the ways you can borrow values. For a given " +"value, at any time:" +msgstr "Rust 的借用检查器对你可以借用值的方式施加了限制。对于给定的值，任何时候：" -#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md:6 msgid "You can have one or more shared references to the value, _or_" -msgstr "在任何给定时间，你都可以有一个或多个 `&T` 值，或者" +msgstr "你可以拥有一个或多个对值的共享引用，或者" -#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md:7 msgid "You can have exactly one exclusive reference to the value." -msgstr "你可以有且只有一个 `&mut T` 值。" - -#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md -msgid "" -"Note that the requirement is that conflicting references not _exist_ at the " -"same point. It does not matter where the reference is dereferenced." -msgstr "" -"请注意，要求是相冲突的引用不能 _同时存在_。而引用的解引用位置无关紧要。" - -#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md -msgid "" -"The above code does not compile because `a` is borrowed as mutable (through " -"`c`) and as immutable (through `b`) at the same time." -msgstr "" -"上述代码无法编译，因为 `a` 同时作为可变值（通过 `c`）和不可变值（通过 `b`）被" -"借用。" - -#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md -msgid "" -"Move the `println!` statement for `b` before the scope that introduces `c` " -"to make the code compile." -msgstr "" -"将`b` 的 `println!` 语句移到引入 `c` 的作用域之前，这段代码就可以编译。" - -#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md -msgid "" -"After that change, the compiler realizes that `b` is only ever used before " -"the new mutable borrow of `a` through `c`. This is a feature of the borrow " -"checker called \"non-lexical lifetimes\"." -msgstr "" -"这样更改后，编译器会发现 `b` 只在通过 `c` 对 `a` 进行新可变借用之前使用过。这" -"是借用检查器的一个功能，名为“非词法作用域生命周期”。" - -#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"The exclusive reference constraint is quite strong. Rust uses it to ensure " -"that data races do not occur. Rust also _relies_ on this constraint to " -"optimize code. For example, a value behind a shared reference can be safely " -"cached in a register for the lifetime of that reference." -msgstr "" -"独占引用的约束条件非常严格。Rust 使用它来确保不会发生数据争用。Rust 还会 _依" -"赖_ 此约束条件来优化代码。例如，共享引用背后的值可以安全地缓存在寄存器中，并" -"在该引用的生命周期内保持有效。" - -#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md -msgid "" -"The borrow checker is designed to accommodate many common patterns, such as " -"taking exclusive references to different fields in a struct at the same " -"time. But, there are some situations where it doesn't quite \"get it\" and " -"this often results in \"fighting with the borrow checker.\"" -msgstr "" -"借用检查器专用于处理许多常见模式，例如同时对结构体中的不同字段进行独占引用。" -"但在某些情况下，它并不能完全 “领会”您的意图，这往往会导致 “与借用检查器进行一" -"番斗争”。" +msgstr "你可以拥有对值的正好一个独占引用。" -#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md +#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md:29 msgid "" -"In some situations, it's necessary to modify data behind a shared (read-" -"only) reference. For example, a shared data structure might have an internal " -"cache, and wish to update that cache from read-only methods." -msgstr "" - -#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md -msgid "" -"The \"interior mutability\" pattern allows exclusive (mutable) access behind " -"a shared reference. The standard library provides several ways to do this, " -"all while still ensuring safety, typically by performing a runtime check." -msgstr "" +"Note that the requirement is that conflicting references not _exist_ at the same point. " +"It does not matter where the reference is dereferenced." +msgstr "请注意，要求是相冲突的引用不能 _同时存在_。而引用的解引用位置无关紧要。" -#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "`RefCell`" -msgstr "`RefCell`" - -#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md -msgid "\"graph: {root:#?}\"" -msgstr "\"graph: {root:#?}\"" - -#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md -msgid "\"graph sum: {}\"" -msgstr "\"graph sum: {}\"" - -#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "`Cell`" -msgstr "`Cell`" - -#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md +#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md:31 msgid "" -"`Cell` wraps a value and allows getting or setting the value, even with a " -"shared reference to the `Cell`. However, it does not allow any references to " -"the value. Since there are no references, borrowing rules cannot be broken." +"The above code does not compile because `a` is borrowed as mutable (through `c`) and as " +"immutable (through `b`) at the same time." msgstr "" +"上述代码无法编译，因为 `a` 同时作为可变值（通过 `c`）和不可变值（通过 `b`）被借用。" -#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md +#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md:33 msgid "" -"The main thing to take away from this slide is that Rust provides _safe_ " -"ways to modify data behind a shared reference. There are a variety of ways " -"to ensure that safety, and `RefCell` and `Cell` are two of them." -msgstr "" +"Move the `println!` statement for `b` before the scope that introduces `c` to make the " +"code compile." +msgstr "将`b` 的 `println!` 语句移到引入 `c` 的作用域之前，这段代码就可以编译。" -#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md +#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md:35 msgid "" -"`RefCell` enforces Rust's usual borrowing rules (either multiple shared " -"references or a single exclusive reference) with a runtime check. In this " -"case, all borrows are very short and never overlap, so the checks always " -"succeed." +"After that change, the compiler realizes that `b` is only ever used before the new " +"mutable borrow of `a` through `c`. This is a feature of the borrow checker called \"non-" +"lexical lifetimes\"." msgstr "" +"这样更改后，编译器会发现 `b` 只在通过 `c` 对 `a` 进行新可变借用之前使用过。这是借用检查器" +"的一个功能，名为“非词法作用域生命周期”。" -#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md +#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md:38 msgid "" -"`Rc` only allows shared (read-only) access to its contents, since its " -"purpose is to allow (and count) many references. But we want to modify the " -"value, so we need interior mutability." +"The exclusive reference constraint is quite strong. Rust uses it to ensure that data " +"races do not occur. Rust also _relies_ on this constraint to optimize code. For example, " +"a value behind a shared reference can be safely cached in a register for the lifetime of " +"that reference." msgstr "" +"独占引用的约束非常严格。Rust 使用它来确保不会发生数据竞争。Rust 还*依赖*这个约束来优化代" +"码。例如，共享引用后面的值可以安全地在寄存器中缓存，只要该引用存在。" -#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md +#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md:42 msgid "" -"`Cell` is a simpler means to ensure safety: it has a `set` method that takes " -"`&self`. This needs no runtime check, but requires moving values, which can " -"have its own cost." +"The borrow checker is designed to accommodate many common patterns, such as taking " +"exclusive references to different fields in a struct at the same time. But, there are " +"some situations where it doesn't quite \"get it\" and this often results in \"fighting " +"with the borrow checker.\"" msgstr "" +"借用检查器专用于处理许多常见模式，例如同时对结构体中的不同字段进行独占引用。但在某些情况" +"下，它并不能完全 “领会”您的意图，这往往会导致 “与借用检查器进行一番斗争”。" -#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/borrowing/examples.md:3 msgid "" -"Demonstrate that reference loops can be created by adding `root` to `subtree." -"children`." +"As a concrete example of how these borrowing rules prevent memory errors, consider the " +"case of modifying a collection while there are references to its elements:" msgstr "" -"演示可以通过向“subtree.children”添加“root”来创建引用循环（不要尝试输出" -"它！）。" +"作为具体示例，来看一下这些借用规则是如何防止内存错误的，考虑修改一个集合时存在对其元素的" +"引用的情况：" -#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md -msgid "" -"To demonstrate a runtime panic, add a `fn inc(&mut self)` that increments " -"`self.value` and calls the same method on its children. This will panic in " -"the presence of the reference loop, with `thread 'main' panicked at 'already " -"borrowed: BorrowMutError'`." -msgstr "" -"为了演示运行时 panic，请添加一个会递增“self.value”并以相同方法调用其子项" -"的“fn inc(&mut self)”。如果存在引用循环，就会 panic，并且“thread”“main”会" -"因“already borrowed: BorrowMutError”而 panic。" +#: src/borrowing/examples.md:12 +msgid "\"{elem}\"" +msgstr "“{elem}”" -#: src/borrowing/exercise.md -msgid "" -"You're working on implementing a health-monitoring system. As part of that, " -"you need to keep track of users' health statistics." -msgstr "" -"你正在实现一个健康监控系统。作为其中的一部分，你需要对用户的健康统计数据进行" -"追踪。" +#: src/borrowing/examples.md:16 +msgid "Similarly, consider the case of iterator invalidation:" +msgstr "同样地，考虑迭代器失效的情况：" -#: src/borrowing/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/borrowing/examples.md:30 msgid "" -"You'll start with a stubbed function in an `impl` block as well as a `User` " -"struct definition. Your goal is to implement the stubbed out method on the " -"`User` `struct` defined in the `impl` block." +"In both of these cases, modifying the collection by pushing new elements into it can " +"potentially invalidate existing references to the collection's elements if the " +"collection has to reallocate." msgstr "" -"`User` 结构体的定义和 `impl` 块中一些函数的框架已经给出。你的目标是实现在 " -"`impl` 块中定义的 `User` `struct` 的方法。" - -#: src/borrowing/exercise.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"Copy the code below to and fill in the missing " -"method:" -msgstr "将以下代码复制到 ，并填充缺失的方法：" +"在这两种情况下，如果集合需要重新分配空间，通过向集合中添加新元素来修改集合可能会导致对集" +"合元素的现有引用失效。" -#: src/borrowing/exercise.md +#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md:3 msgid "" -"\"Update a user's statistics based on measurements from a visit to the " -"doctor\"" -msgstr "" -"\"Update a user's statistics based on measurements from a visit to the " -"doctor\"" - -#: src/borrowing/exercise.md src/borrowing/solution.md -#: src/android/build-rules/library.md src/android/aidl/client.md -msgid "\"Bob\"" -msgstr "\"Bob\"" - -#: src/borrowing/exercise.md src/borrowing/solution.md -msgid "\"I'm {} and my age is {}\"" -msgstr "\"I'm {} and my age is {}\"" - -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes.md -msgid "[Slices: &\\[T\\]](./slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md) (10 minutes)" +"In some situations, it's necessary to modify data behind a shared (read-only) reference. " +"For example, a shared data structure might have an internal cache, and wish to update " +"that cache from read-only methods." msgstr "" +"在某些情况下，有必要修改共享（只读）引用后面的数据。例如，一个共享的数据结构可能有一个内" +"部缓存，并希望从只读方法中更新该缓存。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes.md -msgid "[String References](./slices-and-lifetimes/str.md) (10 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes.md +#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md:7 msgid "" -"[Lifetime Annotations](./slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md) (10 " -"minutes)" +"The \"interior mutability\" pattern allows exclusive (mutable) access behind a shared " +"reference. The standard library provides several ways to do this, all while still " +"ensuring safety, typically by performing a runtime check." msgstr "" +"“内部可变性”模式允许在共享引用后面进行独占（可变）访问。标准库提供了几种方法来实现这一" +"点，同时仍然确保安全性，通常是通过执行运行时检查来实现的。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes.md -msgid "" -"[Lifetime Elision](./slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" +#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md:11 +msgid "`RefCell`" +msgstr "`RefCell`" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes.md -msgid "" -"[Struct Lifetimes](./slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" +#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md:17 src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md:43 +msgid "// Note that `cell` is NOT declared as mutable." +msgstr "// 请注意，`cell` 没有声明为可变的。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes.md +#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md:24 msgid "" -"[Exercise: Protobuf Parsing](./slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md -msgid "Slices" -msgstr "切片" - -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md -msgid "A slice gives you a view into a larger collection:" -msgstr "切片 (slice) 的作用是提供对集合 (collection) 的视图 (view):" - -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md -msgid "Slices borrow data from the sliced type." -msgstr "切片从被切片的类型中借用 (borrow) 数据。" +"// This triggers an error at runtime. // let other = cell.borrow(); // println!(\"{}\", " +"\\*other);" +msgstr "// 这会在运行时触发错误。let other = cell.borrow(); println!(“{}”, *other);" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "Question: What happens if you modify `a[3]` right before printing `s`?" -msgstr "请思考：如果我们改变 `a[3]`，将会产生怎样的后果？" +#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md:29 +msgid "\"{cell:?}\"" +msgstr "“{cell:?}”" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"We create a slice by borrowing `a` and specifying the starting and ending " -"indexes in brackets." -msgstr "创建切片时，我们借用了 `a` ，并在方括号中标明了起始和结尾下标。" +#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md:33 +msgid "`Cell`" +msgstr "`Cell`" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md:35 msgid "" -"If the slice starts at index 0, Rust’s range syntax allows us to drop the " -"starting index, meaning that `&a[0..a.len()]` and `&a[..a.len()]` are " -"identical." +"`Cell` wraps a value and allows getting or setting the value, even with a shared " +"reference to the `Cell`. However, it does not allow any references to the value. Since " +"there are no references, borrowing rules cannot be broken." msgstr "" -"如果切片的起始下标为 0， Rust 语法允许我们省略起始下标。比如说 `&a[0..a." -"len()]` 与 `&a[..a.len()]` 是等价的。" +"`Cell` 包装了一个值，并允许在具有对 `Cell` 的共享引用时获取或设置该值。然而，它不允许对该" +"值进行任何引用。由于没有引用，借用规则就不会被违反。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md:54 msgid "" -"The same is true for the last index, so `&a[2..a.len()]` and `&a[2..]` are " -"identical." +"The main thing to take away from this slide is that Rust provides _safe_ ways to modify " +"data behind a shared reference. There are a variety of ways to ensure that safety, and " +"`RefCell` and `Cell` are two of them." msgstr "" -"结尾下标也可以用相同方式省略。比如说 `&a[2..a.len()]` 和 `&a[2..]` 是等价的。" - -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"To easily create a slice of the full array, we can therefore use `&a[..]`." -msgstr "因此，我们可以用 `&a[..]` 来创建包含整个数组的切片。" +"从这张幻灯片中主要要记住的是，Rust 提供了安全的方式来修改共享引用后面的数据。有各种方式来" +"确保安全性，`RefCell` 和 `Cell` 就是其中之一。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md:58 msgid "" -"`s` is a reference to a slice of `i32`s. Notice that the type of `s` " -"(`&[i32]`) no longer mentions the array length. This allows us to perform " -"computation on slices of different sizes." +"`RefCell` enforces Rust's usual borrowing rules (either multiple shared references or a " +"single exclusive reference) with a runtime check. In this case, all borrows are very " +"short and never overlap, so the checks always succeed." msgstr "" -"切片会从另外一个对象中借用数据。在这个例子中， `a` 必须在其切片存活时保持存活" -"（处于作用域中）。" +"`RefCell` 使用运行时检查来强制 Rust 的通常借用规则（多个共享引用或单个独占引用）。在这种" +"情况下，所有的借用都是非常短暂的，且不会重叠，因此检查总是成功的。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md:63 msgid "" -"Slices always borrow from another object. In this example, `a` has to remain " -"'alive' (in scope) for at least as long as our slice." +"The extra block in the `RefCell` example is to end the borrow created by the call to " +"`borrow_mut` before we print the cell. Trying to print a borrowed `RefCell` just shows " +"the message `\"{borrowed}\"`." msgstr "" -"关于修改 `a[3]` 的问题可能会引发精彩的讨论。正确答案是：为了保证内存安全，在" -"创建切片后，我们不能通过 `a` 来修改数据。不过我们可以通过 `a` 或者 `s` 来读取" -"数据。我们将会在“借用”章节着重介绍这个内容。" +"在 `RefCell` 示例中的额外块是为了在打印 `cell` 之前结束由对 `borrow_mut` 的调用创建的借" +"用。尝试打印一个被借用的 `RefCell` 只会显示消息 `”{borrowed}”`。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md:67 msgid "" -"The question about modifying `a[3]` can spark an interesting discussion, but " -"the answer is that for memory safety reasons you cannot do it through `a` at " -"this point in the execution, but you can read the data from both `a` and `s` " -"safely. It works before you created the slice, and again after the " -"`println`, when the slice is no longer used." +"`Cell` is a simpler means to ensure safety: it has a `set` method that takes `&self`. " +"This needs no runtime check, but requires moving values, which can have its own cost." msgstr "" -"关于修改“a\\[3\\]”的问题可能会引发一些有趣的讨论，但正解是，出于内存安全方面" -"的原因，您无法在执行作业的这个时间点通过“a”来进行此修改，但可以从“a”和“s”安全" -"地读取数据。它会在您创建 Slice 之前运作，在“println”之后（不再使用 Slice 时）" -"再次运作。更多详情会在“借用检查器”部分中加以说明。" +"`Cell` 是确保安全性的一种更简单的方式：它有一个接受 `&self` 的 `set` 方法。这不需要运行时" +"检查，但需要移动值，这可能会有自己的代价。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md +#: src/borrowing/exercise.md:3 msgid "" -"We can now understand the two string types in Rust: `&str` is almost like " -"`&[char]`, but with its data stored in a variable-length encoding (UTF-8)." -msgstr "" -"现在，我们能够理解 Rust 中的两种字符串类型：`&str` 几乎与 `&[char]` 一样，只" -"不过其数据存储在可变长度编码 (UTF-8) 中。" - -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md -msgid "\"s1: {s1}\"" -msgstr "\"s1: {s1}\"" - -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "\"Hello \"" -msgstr "b\"hello\"" - -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md -msgid "\"s3: {s3}\"" -msgstr "\"s3: {s3}\"" - -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md -msgid "Rust terminology:" -msgstr "Rust 术语：" - -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md -msgid "`&str` an immutable reference to a string slice." -msgstr "`&str` 是一个指向字符串片段的不可变引用。" - -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md -msgid "`String` a mutable string buffer." -msgstr "`String` 是一个可变字符串缓冲区。" +"You're working on implementing a health-monitoring system. As part of that, you need to " +"keep track of users' health statistics." +msgstr "你正在实现一个健康监控系统。作为其中的一部分，你需要对用户的健康统计数据进行追踪。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/borrowing/exercise.md:6 msgid "" -"`&str` introduces a string slice, which is an immutable reference to UTF-8 " -"encoded string data stored in a block of memory. String literals " -"(`”Hello”`), are stored in the program’s binary." +"You'll start with a stubbed function in an `impl` block as well as a `User` struct " +"definition. Your goal is to implement the stubbed out method on the `User` `struct` " +"defined in the `impl` block." msgstr "" -"`&str` 引入了一个字符串切片，它是一个指向保存在内存块中的 UTF-8 编码字符串数" -"据的不可变引用。 字符串字面量（`”Hello”`）会保存在程序的二进制文件中。" +"你将从一个在 `impl` 块中的存根函数开始，以及一个 `User` 结构体的定义。你的目标是在 " +"`impl` 块中定义的 `User` 结构体上实现这个存根方法。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md -msgid "" -"Rust’s `String` type is a wrapper around a vector of bytes. As with a " -"`Vec`, it is owned." -msgstr "" -"Rust 的 `String` 类型是一个字节 vector 的封装。和 `Vec` 一样，它是拥有所有" -"权的。" +#: src/borrowing/exercise.md:10 +msgid "Copy the code below to https://play.rust-lang.org/ and fill in the missing method:" +msgstr "将以下代码复制到 https://play.rust-lang.org/，并填充缺失的方法：" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"As with many other types `String::from()` creates a string from a string " -"literal; `String::new()` creates a new empty string, to which string data " -"can be added using the `push()` and `push_str()` methods." -msgstr "" -"和其他类型一样，`String::from()` 会从字符串字面量创建一个字符串；`String::" -"new()` 会创建一个新的空字符串， 之后可以使用 `push()` 和 `push_str()` 方法" -"向其中添加字符串数据。" +#: src/borrowing/exercise.md:45 +msgid "\"Update a user's statistics based on measurements from a visit to the doctor\"" +msgstr "\"Update a user's statistics based on measurements from a visit to the doctor\"" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"The `format!()` macro is a convenient way to generate an owned string from " -"dynamic values. It accepts the same format specification as `println!()`." -msgstr "" -"`format!()` 宏可以方便地动态生成拥有所有权的字符串。它接受和 `println!()` 相" -"同的格式规范。" +#: src/borrowing/exercise.md:50 src/borrowing/exercise.md:56 src/borrowing/exercise.md:60 +#: src/borrowing/solution.md:52 src/borrowing/solution.md:58 src/borrowing/solution.md:62 +#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:44 src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md:15 +msgid "\"Bob\"" +msgstr "\"Bob\"" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"You can borrow `&str` slices from `String` via `&` and optionally range " -"selection. If you select a byte range that is not aligned to character " -"boundaries, the expression will panic. The `chars` iterator iterates over " -"characters and is preferred over trying to get character boundaries right." -msgstr "" -"您可以通过 `&` 和范围选择（可选）来从 `String` 借用 `&str` slice。如果选择的" -"字节范围未与字符边界对齐，则表达式会 panic。`chars` 迭代器会迭代字符，比尝试" -"正确获取字符边界更为推荐。" +#: src/borrowing/exercise.md:51 src/borrowing/solution.md:53 +msgid "\"I'm {} and my age is {}\"" +msgstr "\"I'm {} and my age is {}\"" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md:3 msgid "" -"For C++ programmers: think of `&str` as `std::string_view` from C++, but the " -"one that always points to a valid string in memory. Rust `String` is a rough " -"equivalent of `std::string` from C++ (main difference: it can only contain " -"UTF-8 encoded bytes and will never use a small-string optimization)." +"A reference has a _lifetime_, which must not \"outlive\" the value it refers to. This is " +"verified by the borrow checker." msgstr "" -"对于 C++ 程序员：可以把 `&str` 当作 C++ 中的 `const char*`，但是它总是指向内" -"存中的一个有效字符串。 Rust 的 `String` 大致相当于 C++ 中 `std::string` " -"（主要区别：它只能包含 UTF-8 编码的字节， 并且永远不会使用小字符串优化" -"（small-string optimization））。" - -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "Byte strings literals allow you to create a `&[u8]` value directly:" -msgstr "字节串可以用于直接创建 `&[u8]` 类型的值：" +"引用具有 _生命周期_，该生命周期必须比其所引用的值 “存在得更久”。这由借用检查器进行验证。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md:6 msgid "" -"A reference has a _lifetime_, which must not \"outlive\" the value it refers " -"to. This is verified by the borrow checker." +"The lifetime can be implicit - this is what we have seen so far. Lifetimes can also be " +"explicit: `&'a Point`, `&'document str`. Lifetimes start with `'` and `'a` is a typical " +"default name. Read `&'a Point` as \"a borrowed `Point` which is valid for at least the " +"lifetime `a`\"." msgstr "" -"引用具有 _生命周期_，该生命周期必须比其所引用的值 “存在得更久”。这由借用检查" -"器进行验证。" +"生命周期可以是隐式的，我们目前所看到的便是如此。生命周期也可以是显式的：`&'a Point` 和 " +"`&'document str`。生命周期以 `'` 开头，`'a` 是典型的默认名称。将 `&'a Point` 读取为 “一个" +"借用的 `Point`，至少在生命周期 `a` 内有效”。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md:11 msgid "" -"The lifetime can be implicit - this is what we have seen so far. Lifetimes " -"can also be explicit: `&'a Point`, `&'document str`. Lifetimes start with " -"`'` and `'a` is a typical default name. Read `&'a Point` as \"a borrowed " -"`Point` which is valid for at least the lifetime `a`\"." +"Lifetimes are always inferred by the compiler: you cannot assign a lifetime yourself. " +"Explicit lifetime annotations create constraints where there is ambiguity; the compiler " +"verifies that there is a valid solution." msgstr "" -"生命周期可以是隐式的，我们目前所看到的便是如此。生命周期也可以是显式的：`&'a " -"Point` 和 `&'document str`。生命周期以 `'` 开头，`'a` 是典型的默认名称。将 " -"`&'a Point` 读取为 “一个借用的 `Point`，至少在生命周期 `a` 内有效”。" - -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"Lifetimes are always inferred by the compiler: you cannot assign a lifetime " -"yourself. Explicit lifetime annotations create constraints where there is " -"ambiguity; the compiler verifies that there is a valid solution." -msgstr "生命周期注释会创建约束条件；编译器会验证 是否存在有效的解决方案。" +"生命周期总是由编译器推断的：你不能自己分配生命周期。显式生命周期注解会在存在歧义时创建约" +"束；编译器会验证是否存在有效的解决方案。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md +#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md:15 msgid "" -"Lifetimes become more complicated when considering passing values to and " -"returning values from functions." +"Lifetimes become more complicated when considering passing values to and returning " +"values from functions." msgstr "当考虑向函数传递值和从函数返回值时，生命周期会变得更加复杂。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md:36 msgid "// What is the lifetime of p3?" -msgstr "// What is the lifetime of p3?\n" +msgstr "// 什么是p3的生命周期？" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md +#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md:37 msgid "\"p3: {p3:?}\"" msgstr "\"p3: {p3:?}\"" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md +#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md:44 msgid "" -"In this example, the the compiler does not know what lifetime to infer for " -"`p3`. Looking inside the function body shows that it can only safely assume " -"that `p3`'s lifetime is the shorter of `p1` and `p2`. But just like types, " -"Rust requires explicit annotations of lifetimes on function arguments and " -"return values." +"In this example, the compiler does not know what lifetime to infer for `p3`. Looking " +"inside the function body shows that it can only safely assume that `p3`'s lifetime is " +"the shorter of `p1` and `p2`. But just like types, Rust requires explicit annotations of " +"lifetimes on function arguments and return values." msgstr "" -"在此示例中，编译器无法推理出 `p3` 的生命周期。查看函数体内部后则可放心地假" -"定，`p3` 的生命周期是 `p1` 和 `p2` 中的较短者。但与类型一样，Rust 需要对函数" -"参数和返回值进行明确的生命周期注解。" +"在此示例中，编译器无法推理出 `p3` 的生命周期。查看函数体内部后则可放心地假定，`p3` 的生命" +"周期是 `p1` 和 `p2` 中的较短者。但与类型一样，Rust 需要对函数参数和返回值进行明确的生命周" +"期注解。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md +#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md:50 msgid "Add `'a` appropriately to `left_most`:" msgstr "将 `'a` 适当添加到 `left_most` 中：" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md +#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md:56 msgid "" -"This says, \"given p1 and p2 which both outlive `'a`, the return value lives " -"for at least `'a`." -msgstr "" -"这表示.，“假设 p1 和 p2 的存在时间都比 `'a` 更长，则返回值至少在 `'a` 内有" -"效”。" +"This says, \"given p1 and p2 which both outlive `'a`, the return value lives for at " +"least `'a`." +msgstr "这表示.，“假设 p1 和 p2 的存在时间都比 `'a` 更长，则返回值至少在 `'a` 内有效”。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md -msgid "" -"In common cases, lifetimes can be elided, as described on the next slide." +#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md:59 +msgid "In common cases, lifetimes can be elided, as described on the next slide." msgstr "在一般情况下，可以省略生命周期，如下一张幻灯片中所述。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md +#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md:1 msgid "Lifetimes in Function Calls" msgstr "函数调用中的生命周期" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md:3 msgid "" -"Lifetimes for function arguments and return values must be fully specified, " -"but Rust allows lifetimes to be elided in most cases with [a few simple " -"rules](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/lifetime-elision.html). This is not " +"Lifetimes for function arguments and return values must be fully specified, but Rust " +"allows lifetimes to be elided in most cases with a few simple rules. This is not " "inference -- it is just a syntactic shorthand." msgstr "" -"必须完全指定函数参数和返回值的生命周期， 但 Rust 允许在大多数情况下通过\\[一" -"些简单的 规则\\](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/lifetime-elision.html）来" -"省略此操作。" +"函数参数和返回值的生命周期必须完全指定，但在大多数情况下，Rust 允许省略生命周期，遵循一些" +"简单的规则。这不是推断，只是一种语法上的简写。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md +#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md:8 msgid "Each argument which does not have a lifetime annotation is given one." msgstr "每个没有生命周期注解的参数都会添加一个生命周期注解。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md +#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md:9 msgid "" -"If there is only one argument lifetime, it is given to all un-annotated " -"return values." +"If there is only one argument lifetime, it is given to all un-annotated return values." msgstr "如果只有一个参数生命周期，则将其赋予所有未加注解的返回值。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md +#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md:11 msgid "" -"If there are multiple argument lifetimes, but the first one is for `self`, " -"that lifetime is given to all un-annotated return values." +"If there are multiple argument lifetimes, but the first one is for `self`, that lifetime " +"is given to all un-annotated return values." msgstr "" -"如果有多个参数生命周期，但第一个是用于 `self` 的，则将该生命周期赋予所有未加" -"注解的返回值。" +"如果有多个参数生命周期，但第一个是用于 `self` 的，则将该生命周期赋予所有未加注解的返回" +"值。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md +#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md:53 msgid "In this example, `cab_distance` is trivially elided." msgstr "在此示例中，`cab_distance` 被轻易省略掉了。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md +#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md:55 msgid "" -"The `nearest` function provides another example of a function with multiple " -"references in its arguments that requires explicit annotation." -msgstr "" -"`nearest` 函数提供了另一个函数示例，该函数的参数中包含多个引用，需要显式注" -"解。" +"The `nearest` function provides another example of a function with multiple references " +"in its arguments that requires explicit annotation." +msgstr "`nearest` 函数提供了另一个函数示例，该函数的参数中包含多个引用，需要显式注解。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md +#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md:58 msgid "Try adjusting the signature to \"lie\" about the lifetimes returned:" msgstr "请尝试将签名调整为 “谎报”了返回的生命周期：" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md:64 msgid "" -"This won't compile, demonstrating that the annotations are checked for " -"validity by the compiler. Note that this is not the case for raw pointers " -"(unsafe), and this is a common source of errors with unsafe Rust." +"This won't compile, demonstrating that the annotations are checked for validity by the " +"compiler. Note that this is not the case for raw pointers (unsafe), and this is a common " +"source of errors with unsafe Rust." msgstr "" -"这将无法编译，表面编译器会检查注解是否有效。请注意，原始指针并非如此（不安" -"全），这是不安全 Rust 中导致错误的常见原因。" +"这段代码不会编译通过，说明了编译器会检查生命周期注解的有效性。请注意，对于裸指针" +"（unsafe），情况并非如此，这是 unsafe Rust 中常见的错误来源。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md +#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md:68 msgid "" -"Students may ask when to use lifetimes. Rust borrows _always_ have " -"lifetimes. Most of the time, elision and type inference mean these don't " -"need to be written out. In more complicated cases, lifetime annotations can " -"help resolve ambiguity. Often, especially when prototyping, it's easier to " -"just work with owned data by cloning values where necessary." +"Students may ask when to use lifetimes. Rust borrows _always_ have lifetimes. Most of " +"the time, elision and type inference mean these don't need to be written out. In more " +"complicated cases, lifetime annotations can help resolve ambiguity. Often, especially " +"when prototyping, it's easier to just work with owned data by cloning values where " +"necessary." msgstr "" +"学生可能会问何时使用生命周期。Rust 的借用 _总是_ 有生命周期的。大多数情况下，省略和类型推" +"断意味着这些不需要写出来。在更复杂的情况下，生命周期注解可以帮助解决歧义。通常，特别是在" +"原型阶段，只需在必要时通过克隆值来使用拥有所有权的数据会更容易些。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md +#: src/lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md:1 msgid "Lifetimes in Data Structures" msgstr "数据结构中的生命周期" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md -msgid "" -"If a data type stores borrowed data, it must be annotated with a lifetime:" +#: src/lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md:3 +msgid "If a data type stores borrowed data, it must be annotated with a lifetime:" msgstr "如果数据类型存储了借用的数据，则必须对其添加生命周期注释：" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md +#: src/lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md:10 msgid "\"Bye {text}!\"" msgstr "\"Bye {text}!\"" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md +#: src/lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md:14 msgid "\"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.\"" msgstr "\"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.\"" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md:17 msgid "// erase(text);" -msgstr "// erase(text);\n" +msgstr "// erase(text);" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md +#: src/lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md:18 msgid "\"{fox:?}\"" msgstr "\"{fox:?}\"" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md +#: src/lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md:19 msgid "\"{dog:?}\"" msgstr "\"{dog:?}\"" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md +#: src/lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md:26 msgid "" -"In the above example, the annotation on `Highlight` enforces that the data " -"underlying the contained `&str` lives at least as long as any instance of " -"`Highlight` that uses that data." +"In the above example, the annotation on `Highlight` enforces that the data underlying " +"the contained `&str` lives at least as long as any instance of `Highlight` that uses " +"that data." msgstr "" -"在上述示例中，`Highlight` 注释会强制包含 `&str` 的底层数据的生命周期至少与使" -"用该数据的任何 `Highlight` 实例一样长。" +"在上述示例中，`Highlight` 注释会强制包含 `&str` 的底层数据的生命周期至少与使用该数据的任" +"何 `Highlight` 实例一样长。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md +#: src/lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md:29 msgid "" -"If `text` is consumed before the end of the lifetime of `fox` (or `dog`), " -"the borrow checker throws an error." -msgstr "" -"如果 `text` 在 `fox`（或 `dog`）的生命周期结束前被消耗，借用检查器将抛出一个" -"错误。" +"If `text` is consumed before the end of the lifetime of `fox` (or `dog`), the borrow " +"checker throws an error." +msgstr "如果 `text` 在 `fox`（或 `dog`）的生命周期结束前被消耗，借用检查器将抛出一个错误。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md +#: src/lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md:31 msgid "" -"Types with borrowed data force users to hold on to the original data. This " -"can be useful for creating lightweight views, but it generally makes them " -"somewhat harder to use." +"Types with borrowed data force users to hold on to the original data. This can be useful " +"for creating lightweight views, but it generally makes them somewhat harder to use." msgstr "" -"借用数据的类型会迫使用户保留原始数据。这对于创建轻量级视图很有用，但通常会使" -"它们更难使用。" +"借用数据的类型会迫使用户保留原始数据。这对于创建轻量级视图很有用，但通常会使它们更难使" +"用。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md +#: src/lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md:34 msgid "When possible, make data structures own their data directly." msgstr "如有可能，让数据结构直接拥有自己的数据。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md +#: src/lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md:35 msgid "" -"Some structs with multiple references inside can have more than one lifetime " -"annotation. This can be necessary if there is a need to describe lifetime " -"relationships between the references themselves, in addition to the lifetime " -"of the struct itself. Those are very advanced use cases." +"Some structs with multiple references inside can have more than one lifetime annotation. " +"This can be necessary if there is a need to describe lifetime relationships between the " +"references themselves, in addition to the lifetime of the struct itself. Those are very " +"advanced use cases." msgstr "" -"一些包含多个引用的结构可以有多个生命周期注释。除了结构体本身的生命周期之外，" -"如果需要描述引用之间的生命周期关系，则可能需要这样做。这些都是非常高级的用" -"例。" +"一些包含多个引用的结构可以有多个生命周期注释。除了结构体本身的生命周期之外，如果需要描述" +"引用之间的生命周期关系，则可能需要这样做。这些都是非常高级的用例。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md +#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md:3 msgid "" -"In this exercise, you will build a parser for the [protobuf binary encoding]" -"(https://protobuf.dev/programming-guides/encoding/). Don't worry, it's " -"simpler than it seems! This illustrates a common parsing pattern, passing " -"slices of data. The underlying data itself is never copied." +"In this exercise, you will build a parser for the protobuf binary encoding. Don't worry, " +"it's simpler than it seems! This illustrates a common parsing pattern, passing slices of " +"data. The underlying data itself is never copied." msgstr "" -"在本练习中，您将为 [protobuf 二进制编码](https://protobuf.dev/programming-" -"guides/encoding/) 构建一个解析器。别担心，其实非常简单！这展示了一种常见的解" -"析模式，即传递数据 slice。底层数据本身永远不会被复制。" +"在本练习中，您将为 protobuf 二进制编码构建一个解析器。别担心，其实非常简单！这展示了一种" +"常见的解析模式，即传递数据 slice。底层数据本身永远不会被复制。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md +#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md:8 msgid "" -"Fully parsing a protobuf message requires knowing the types of the fields, " -"indexed by their field numbers. That is typically provided in a `proto` " -"file. In this exercise, we'll encode that information into `match` " -"statements in functions that get called for each field." +"Fully parsing a protobuf message requires knowing the types of the fields, indexed by " +"their field numbers. That is typically provided in a `proto` file. In this exercise, " +"we'll encode that information into `match` statements in functions that get called for " +"each field." msgstr "" -"如要完整解析 protobuf 消息，需要知道字段的类型（按字段编号编入索引）。这通常" -"会在 `proto` 文件中提供。在本练习中，我们将把这些信息编码成处理每个字段所调用" -"的函数中的 `match` 语句。" +"如要完整解析 protobuf 消息，需要知道字段的类型（按字段编号编入索引）。这通常会在 `proto` " +"文件中提供。在本练习中，我们将把这些信息编码成处理每个字段所调用的函数中的 `match` 语句。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md +#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md:13 msgid "We'll use the following proto:" msgstr "我们将使用以下 proto：" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md +#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md:28 msgid "" -"A proto message is encoded as a series of fields, one after the next. Each " -"is implemented as a \"tag\" followed by the value. The tag contains a field " -"number (e.g., `2` for the `id` field of a `Person` message) and a wire type " -"defining how the payload should be determined from the byte stream." +"A proto message is encoded as a series of fields, one after the next. Each is " +"implemented as a \"tag\" followed by the value. The tag contains a field number (e.g., " +"`2` for the `id` field of a `Person` message) and a wire type defining how the payload " +"should be determined from the byte stream." msgstr "" -"proto 消息被编码为连续的一系列字段。每个字段都通过 “标签”后面紧跟值的形式来实" -"现。标签包含一个字段编号（例如`Person` 消息的 `id` 字段的值为 `2`）和线型（用" -"于定义应如何从字节流确定载荷）。" +"proto 消息被编码为连续的一系列字段。每个字段都通过 “标签”后面紧跟值的形式来实现。标签包含" +"一个字段编号（例如`Person` 消息的 `id` 字段的值为 `2`）和线型（用于定义应如何从字节流确定" +"载荷）。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md +#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md:33 msgid "" -"Integers, including the tag, are represented with a variable-length encoding " -"called VARINT. Luckily, `parse_varint` is defined for you below. The given " -"code also defines callbacks to handle `Person` and `PhoneNumber` fields, and " -"to parse a message into a series of calls to those callbacks." +"Integers, including the tag, are represented with a variable-length encoding called " +"VARINT. Luckily, `parse_varint` is defined for you below. The given code also defines " +"callbacks to handle `Person` and `PhoneNumber` fields, and to parse a message into a " +"series of calls to those callbacks." msgstr "" "整数（包括标签）使用名为 VARINT 的可变长度编码表示。幸运的是，下面为您提供了 " -"`parse_varint` 的定义。该指定代码还定义了一些回调，用于处理 `Person` 和 " -"`PhoneNumber` 字段，并将消息解析为对这些回调的一系列调用。" +"`parse_varint` 的定义。该指定代码还定义了一些回调，用于处理 `Person` 和 `PhoneNumber` 字" +"段，并将消息解析为对这些回调的一系列调用。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md:38 msgid "" -"What remains for you is to implement the `parse_field` function and the " -"`ProtoMessage` trait for `Person` and `PhoneNumber`." +"What remains for you is to implement the `parse_field` function and the `ProtoMessage` " +"trait for `Person` and `PhoneNumber`." msgstr "" -"您要做的是实现 `parse_field` 函数，以及`Person` 和 `PhoneNumber`的特征" -"`ProtoMessage`。" +"您要做的是实现 `parse_field` 函数，以及 `Person` 和 `PhoneNumber`的特征 `ProtoMessage`。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md +#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md:49 src/lifetimes/solution.md:11 msgid "\"Invalid varint\"" msgstr "\"Invalid varint\"" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md +#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md:51 src/lifetimes/solution.md:13 msgid "\"Invalid wire-type\"" msgstr "\"Invalid wire-type\"" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md +#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md:53 src/lifetimes/solution.md:15 msgid "\"Unexpected EOF\"" msgstr "\"Unexpected EOF\"" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md +#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md:55 src/lifetimes/solution.md:17 msgid "\"Invalid length\"" msgstr "\"Invalid length\"" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md +#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md:57 src/lifetimes/solution.md:19 msgid "\"Unexpected wire-type)\"" msgstr "\"Unexpected wire-type)\"" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md +#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md:59 src/lifetimes/solution.md:21 msgid "\"Invalid string (not UTF-8)\"" msgstr "\"Invalid string (not UTF-8)\"" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md -msgid "/// A wire type as seen on the wire.\n" -msgstr "/// A wire type as seen on the wire.\n" +#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md:62 src/lifetimes/solution.md:24 +msgid "/// A wire type as seen on the wire." +msgstr "/// 在网络上传输的数据类型。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md -msgid "/// The Varint WireType indicates the value is a single VARINT.\n" -msgstr "/// Varint WireType 表明该值为单个 VARINT。\n" +#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md:65 src/lifetimes/solution.md:27 +msgid "/// The Varint WireType indicates the value is a single VARINT." +msgstr "/// Varint WireType 表明该值为单个 VARINT。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md:67 src/lifetimes/solution.md:29 msgid "" -"//I64, -- not needed for this exercise\n" -" /// The Len WireType indicates that the value is a length represented as " -"a\n" -" /// VARINT followed by exactly that number of bytes.\n" +"//I64, -- not needed for this exercise /// The Len WireType indicates that the value is " +"a length represented as a /// VARINT followed by exactly that number of bytes." msgstr "" -"//I64, -- not needed for this exercise\n" -" /// The Len WireType indicates that the value is a length represented as " -"a VARINT\n" -" /// followed by exactly that number of bytes.\n" +"//I64，— 在这个练习中不需要。Len WireType 表示该值是一个长度，以 VARINT 表示，后面紧跟着" +"正好这个长度的字节数。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md:71 src/lifetimes/solution.md:33 msgid "" -"/// The I32 WireType indicates that the value is precisely 4 bytes in\n" -" /// little-endian order containing a 32-bit signed integer.\n" +"/// The I32 WireType indicates that the value is precisely 4 bytes in /// little-endian " +"order containing a 32-bit signed integer." msgstr "" -"/// The I32 WireType indicates that the value is precisely 4 bytes in little-" -"endian order\n" -" /// containing a 32-bit signed integer.\n" +"/// I32 WireType 表示该值是按照小端顺序表示的精确 4 字节，包含一个 32 位有符号整数。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md -msgid "/// A field's value, typed based on the wire type.\n" -msgstr "/// A field's value, typed based on the wire type.\n" +#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md:76 src/lifetimes/solution.md:38 +msgid "/// A field's value, typed based on the wire type." +msgstr "/// 字段的值，根据 WireType 进行类型化。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md -msgid "//I64(i64), -- not needed for this exercise\n" -msgstr "//I64(i64), -- not needed for this exercise\n" +#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md:80 src/lifetimes/solution.md:42 +msgid "//I64(i64), -- not needed for this exercise" +msgstr "//I64(i64)，— 在这个练习中不需要" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md -msgid "/// A field, containing the field number and its value.\n" -msgstr "/// A field, containing the field number and its value.\n" +#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md:85 src/lifetimes/solution.md:47 +msgid "/// A field, containing the field number and its value." +msgstr "/// 一个字段，包含字段号和其值。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md -msgid "//1 => WireType::I64, -- not needed for this exercise\n" -msgstr "//1 => WireType::I64, -- not needed for this exercise\n" +#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md:102 src/lifetimes/solution.md:64 +msgid "//1 => WireType::I64, -- not needed for this exercise" +msgstr "//1 => WireType::I64，— 在这个练习中不需要" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md -msgid "" -"/// Parse a VARINT, returning the parsed value and the remaining bytes.\n" -msgstr "" -"/// Parse a VARINT, returning the parsed value and the remaining bytes.\n" +#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md:132 src/lifetimes/solution.md:94 +msgid "/// Parse a VARINT, returning the parsed value and the remaining bytes." +msgstr "/// 解析一个 VARINT，返回解析后的值和剩余的字节。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md -msgid "" -"// This is the last byte of the VARINT, so convert it to\n" -" // a u64 and return it.\n" -msgstr "" -"// This is the last byte of the VARINT, so convert it to\n" -" // a u64 and return it.\n" +#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md:140 src/lifetimes/solution.md:102 +msgid "// This is the last byte of the VARINT, so convert it to // a u64 and return it." +msgstr "// 这是 VARINT 的最后一个字节，因此将其转换为 u64 并返回。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md -msgid "// More than 7 bytes is invalid.\n" -msgstr "// More than 7 bytes is invalid.\n" +#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md:150 src/lifetimes/solution.md:112 +msgid "// More than 7 bytes is invalid." +msgstr "// 超过 7 个字节是无效的。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md -msgid "/// Convert a tag into a field number and a WireType.\n" -msgstr "/// Convert a tag into a field number and a WireType.\n" +#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md:153 src/lifetimes/solution.md:115 +msgid "/// Convert a tag into a field number and a WireType." +msgstr "/// 将标签转换为字段号和 WireType。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md -msgid "/// Parse a field, returning the remaining bytes\n" -msgstr "/// Parse a field, returning the remaining bytes\n" +#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md:161 src/lifetimes/solution.md:122 +msgid "/// Parse a field, returning the remaining bytes" +msgstr "/// 解析一个字段，返回剩余的字节" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md -msgid "" -"\"Based on the wire type, build a Field, consuming as many bytes as " -"necessary.\"" -msgstr "" +#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md:167 +msgid "\"Based on the wire type, build a Field, consuming as many bytes as necessary.\"" +msgstr "“根据 WireType 构建一个 Field，消耗尽可能多的字节。”" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md +#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md:169 msgid "\"Return the field, and any un-consumed bytes.\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "“返回字段和未消耗的字节。”" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md:171 src/lifetimes/solution.md:153 msgid "" -"/// Parse a message in the given data, calling `T::add_field` for each field " -"in\n" -"/// the message.\n" -"///\n" -"/// The entire input is consumed.\n" +"/// Parse a message in the given data, calling `T::add_field` for each field in /// the " +"message. /// /// The entire input is consumed." msgstr "" -"/// Parse a message in the given data, calling `field_callback` for each " -"field in the message.\n" -"///\n" -"/// The entire input is consumed.\n" +"/// 解析给定数据中的消息，在消息中的每个字段上调用 `T::add_field`。整个输入将被消耗。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md:198 msgid "// TODO: Implement ProtoMessage for Person and PhoneNumber." -msgstr "// TODO: Implement `Widget` for `Label`.\n" +msgstr "// TODO: 为 Person 和 PhoneNumber 实现 ProtoMessage。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md -msgid "// Unwrap error because `value` is definitely 4 bytes long.\n" -msgstr "// Unwrap error because `value` is definitely 4 bytes long.\n" +#: src/lifetimes/solution.md:146 +msgid "// Unwrap error because `value` is definitely 4 bytes long." +msgstr "// 使用 unwrap 函数处理错误，因为 `value` 明确是 4 个字节长。" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md -msgid "// skip everything else\n" -msgstr "// skip everything else\n" +#: src/lifetimes/solution.md:187 src/lifetimes/solution.md:198 +msgid "// skip everything else" +msgstr "// 跳过其他" -#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md +#: src/lifetimes/solution.md:225 src/lifetimes/solution.md:232 +#: src/lifetimes/solution.md:239 msgid "b\"hello\"" -msgstr "" +msgstr "b”hello”" #: src/welcome-day-4.md -#, fuzzy msgid "Welcome to Day 4" -msgstr "欢迎来到第一天" +msgstr "欢迎来到第四天" #: src/welcome-day-4.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"Today we will cover topics relating to building large-scale software in Rust:" -msgstr "今天，我们将介绍一些更高级的 Rust 主题：" +msgid "Today we will cover topics relating to building large-scale software in Rust:" +msgstr "今天我们将涵盖与在 Rust 中构建大规模软件相关的主题：" #: src/welcome-day-4.md msgid "Iterators: a deep dive on the `Iterator` trait." @@ -9600,2667 +8336,2024 @@ msgid "Modules and visibility." msgstr "模块和可见性。" #: src/welcome-day-4.md -#, fuzzy msgid "Testing." -msgstr "测试" +msgstr "测试。" #: src/welcome-day-4.md msgid "Error handling: panics, `Result`, and the try operator `?`." msgstr "错误处理：panic、“Result”和 try 运算符“?”。" #: src/welcome-day-4.md -msgid "" -"Unsafe Rust: the escape hatch when you can't express yourself in safe Rust." +msgid "Unsafe Rust: the escape hatch when you can't express yourself in safe Rust." msgstr "不安全 Rust：当无法用安全 Rust 表达您的意图时，则可将其作为应急方法。" -#: src/welcome-day-4.md -msgid "[Welcome](./welcome-day-4.md) (3 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/welcome-day-4.md -msgid "[Iterators](./iterators.md) (45 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/welcome-day-4.md -msgid "[Modules](./modules.md) (40 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/welcome-day-4.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "[Testing](./testing.md) (1 hour)" -msgstr "" -"借用：\n" -"请参阅 [借用](ownership/borrowing.md)。" - #: src/welcome-day-4.md msgid "" -"Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 2 hours and 50 " -"minutes" -msgstr "" +"Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 2 hours and 40 minutes. It " +"contains:" +msgstr "包括 10 分钟的休息，这个课程会花费 2 小时 40 分钟。它包括：" #: src/iterators.md -msgid "[Iterator](./iterators/iterator.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/iterators.md -msgid "[IntoIterator](./iterators/intoiterator.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/iterators.md -msgid "[FromIterator](./iterators/fromiterator.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" +msgid "Iterator" +msgstr "迭代器" #: src/iterators.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"[Exercise: Iterator Method Chaining](./iterators/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" -msgstr "练习：迭代器方法链接" +msgid "IntoIterator" +msgstr "`IntoIterator`" -#: src/iterators.md src/error-handling.md -msgid "This segment should take about 45 minutes" -msgstr "" +#: src/iterators.md src/iterators/fromiterator.md:1 +msgid "FromIterator" +msgstr "FromIterator" -#: src/iterators/iterator.md +#: src/iterators/iterator.md:3 msgid "" -"The [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html) " -"trait supports iterating over values in a collection. It requires a `next` " -"method and provides lots of methods. Many standard library types implement " +"The `Iterator` trait supports iterating over values in a collection. It requires a " +"`next` method and provides lots of methods. Many standard library types implement " "`Iterator`, and you can implement it yourself, too:" msgstr "" -"['Iterator'](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html) trait 支" -"持迭代集合中的值。它需要用到 `next` 方法，并提供很多方法。许多标准库类型均能" -"实现 `Iterator`，您也可以自行实现：" +"`Iterator` 特征支持迭代集合中的值。它需要用到 `next` 方法，并提供很多方法。许多标准库类型" +"均能实现 `Iterator`，您也可以自行实现：" -#: src/iterators/iterator.md +#: src/iterators/iterator.md:27 msgid "\"fib({i}): {n}\"" msgstr "\"fib({i}): {n}\"" -#: src/iterators/iterator.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/iterators/iterator.md:35 msgid "" -"The `Iterator` trait implements many common functional programming " -"operations over collections (e.g. `map`, `filter`, `reduce`, etc). This is " -"the trait where you can find all the documentation about them. In Rust these " -"functions should produce the code as efficient as equivalent imperative " -"implementations." +"The `Iterator` trait implements many common functional programming operations over " +"collections (e.g. `map`, `filter`, `reduce`, etc). This is the trait where you can find " +"all the documentation about them. In Rust these functions should produce the code as " +"efficient as equivalent imperative implementations." msgstr "" -"`Iterator` 特征会对集合实现许多常见的函数程序操作， 例如 ` map`filter \\``和" -"`reduce\\` 等。您可以通过此特征找到有关它们的所有 文档。在 Rust 中，这些函数" -"应生成代码，且生成的代码应与等效命令式实现一样 高效。" +"`Iterator` 特征会对集合实现许多常见的函数程序操作， 例如 ` map`filter``和`reduce` 等。您" +"可以通过此特征找到有关它们的所有 文档。在 Rust 中，这些函数应生成代码，且生成的代码应与等" +"效命令式实现一样高效。" -#: src/iterators/iterator.md +#: src/iterators/iterator.md:40 msgid "" -"`IntoIterator` is the trait that makes for loops work. It is implemented by " -"collection types such as `Vec` and references to them such as `&Vec` " -"and `&[T]`. Ranges also implement it. This is why you can iterate over a " -"vector with `for i in some_vec { .. }` but `some_vec.next()` doesn't exist." +"`IntoIterator` is the trait that makes for loops work. It is implemented by collection " +"types such as `Vec` and references to them such as `&Vec` and `&[T]`. Ranges also " +"implement it. This is why you can iterate over a vector with `for i in some_vec { .. }` " +"but `some_vec.next()` doesn't exist." msgstr "" -"`IntoIterator` 是迫使 for 循环运作的特征。此特征由集合类型 （例如 `Vec`）" -"和相关引用（例如 `&Vec` 和 `&[T]`）而实现。此外，范围也会实现这项特征。因" -"此， 您可以使用 `for i in some_vec { .. }` 来遍历某矢量，但 `some_vec." -"next()` 不存在。" +"`IntoIterator` 是迫使 for 循环运作的特征。此特征由集合类型 （例如 `Vec`）和相关引用" +"（例如 `&Vec` 和 `&[T]`）而实现。此外，范围也会实现这项特征。因此， 您可以使用 `for i " +"in some_vec { .. }` 来遍历某矢量，但 `some_vec.next()` 不存在。" -#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md:3 msgid "" -"The `Iterator` trait tells you how to _iterate_ once you have created an " -"iterator. The related trait [`IntoIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" -"iter/trait.IntoIterator.html) defines how to create an iterator for a type. " -"It is used automatically by the `for` loop." +"The `Iterator` trait tells you how to _iterate_ once you have created an iterator. The " +"related trait `IntoIterator` defines how to create an iterator for a type. It is used " +"automatically by the `for` loop." msgstr "" -"“Iterator”trait会告知您在创建迭代器后如何进行迭代。相关 trait“IntoIterator”会" -"告知您如何创建迭代器：" +"“Iterator”trait会告知您在创建迭代器后如何进行迭代。相关 trait“IntoIterator”会告知您如何创" +"建迭代器。" -#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md +#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md:49 msgid "\"point = {x}, {y}\"" msgstr "\"point = {x}, {y}\"" -#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md:57 msgid "" -"Click through to the docs for `IntoIterator`. Every implementation of " -"`IntoIterator` must declare two types:" -msgstr "这里的语法表示，“IntoIterator”的每个实现都必须声明两种类型：" +"Click through to the docs for `IntoIterator`. Every implementation of `IntoIterator` " +"must declare two types:" +msgstr "这里的语法表示，`IntoIterator` 的每个实现都必须声明两种类型：" -#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md:60 msgid "`Item`: the type to iterate over, such as `i8`," -msgstr "`Item`：我们迭代的类型，例如 `i8`，" +msgstr "`Item`：迭代的类型，例如 `i8`，" -#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md +#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md:61 msgid "`IntoIter`: the `Iterator` type returned by the `into_iter` method." msgstr "“IntoIter”：“into_iter”方法返回的“Iterator”类型。" -#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md:63 msgid "" -"Note that `IntoIter` and `Item` are linked: the iterator must have the same " -"`Item` type, which means that it returns `Option`" +"Note that `IntoIter` and `Item` are linked: the iterator must have the same `Item` type, " +"which means that it returns `Option`" msgstr "" -"请注意，“IntoIter”和“Item”已关联：迭代器必须具有相同的“Item”类型，这意味着它" -"会返回“Option\n" -"\n" -"”" +"请注意，`IntoIter`和`Item`已关联：迭代器必须具有相同的`Item`类型，这意味着它会返回 " +"`Option`" -#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md +#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md:66 msgid "The example iterates over all combinations of x and y coordinates." msgstr "此示例对 x 坐标和 y 坐标的所有组合进行了迭代。" -#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md +#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md:68 msgid "" "Try iterating over the grid twice in `main`. Why does this fail? Note that " "`IntoIterator::into_iter` takes ownership of `self`." msgstr "" -"请尝试在 `main` 中对网格进行两次迭代。为什么会失败？请注意，`IntoIterator::" -"into_iter` 获得了 `self` 的所有权。" +"请尝试在 `main` 中对网格进行两次迭代。为什么会失败？请注意，`IntoIterator::into_iter` 获" +"得了 `self` 的所有权。" -#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md +#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md:71 msgid "" -"Fix this issue by implementing `IntoIterator` for `&Grid` and storing a " -"reference to the `Grid` in `GridIter`." +"Fix this issue by implementing `IntoIterator` for `&Grid` and storing a reference to the " +"`Grid` in `GridIter`." msgstr "" -"如要解决此问题，请为 `&Grid` 实现 `IntoIterator`，并在 `GridIter` 中存储对 " -"`Grid` 的引用。" +"如要解决此问题，请为 `&Grid` 实现 `IntoIterator`，并在 `GridIter` 中存储对 `Grid` 的引" +"用。" -#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md +#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md:74 msgid "" -"The same problem can occur for standard library types: `for e in " -"some_vector` will take ownership of `some_vector` and iterate over owned " -"elements from that vector. Use `for e in &some_vector` instead, to iterate " -"over references to elements of `some_vector`." +"The same problem can occur for standard library types: `for e in some_vector` will take " +"ownership of `some_vector` and iterate over owned elements from that vector. Use `for e " +"in &some_vector` instead, to iterate over references to elements of `some_vector`." msgstr "" -"对于标准库类型，可能会出现同样的问题：`for e in some_vector` 将获得` " -"some_vector` 的所有权，并迭代该矢量中的自有元素。请改用 `for e in " -"&some_vector` 来迭代 `some_vector` 的元素的引用。" - -#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md -msgid "FromIterator" -msgstr "FromIterator" +"对于标准库类型，可能会出现同样的问题：`for e in some_vector` 将获得` some_vector` 的所有" +"权，并迭代该矢量中的自有元素。请改用 `for e in &some_vector` 来迭代 `some_vector` 的元素" +"的引用。" -#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md -msgid "" -"[`FromIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.FromIterator.html) " -"lets you build a collection from an [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" -"std/iter/trait.Iterator.html)." -msgstr "" -"[`FromIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.FromIterator.html) " -"让您可通过 [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator." -"html) 构建一个集合。" +#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md:3 +msgid "`FromIterator` lets you build a collection from an `Iterator`." +msgstr "`FromIterator`允许你从一个`Iterator`构建一个集合。" -#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md +#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md:9 msgid "\"prime_squares: {prime_squares:?}\"" msgstr "\"prime_squares: {prime_squares:?}\"" -#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md:16 msgid "`Iterator` implements" -msgstr "“Iterator”" +msgstr "`Iterator` 实现" -#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md +#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md:25 msgid "There are two ways to specify `B` for this method:" msgstr "可以通过两种方式为此方法指定 `B`：" -#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md:27 msgid "" -"With the \"turbofish\": `some_iterator.collect::()`, as " -"shown. The `_` shorthand used here lets Rust infer the type of the `Vec` " -"elements." +"With the \"turbofish\": `some_iterator.collect::()`, as shown. The `_` " +"shorthand used here lets Rust infer the type of the `Vec` elements." msgstr "" -"使用 `turbofish` 时：`some_iterator.collect::()`，如下所示。" -"通过此处所用的 `_` 简写形式，Rust 能够推理 `Vec` 元素的类型。" +"使用 `turbofish` 时：`some_iterator.collect::()`，如下所示。通过此处所用" +"的 `_` 简写形式，Rust 能够推理 `Vec` 元素的类型。" -#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md +#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md:29 msgid "" -"With type inference: `let prime_squares: Vec<_> = some_iterator.collect()`. " -"Rewrite the example to use this form." +"With type inference: `let prime_squares: Vec<_> = some_iterator.collect()`. Rewrite the " +"example to use this form." msgstr "" -"使用类型推理功能时：`let prime_squares: Vec<_> = some_iterator.collect()`。将" -"示例重写成使用这种形式。" +"使用类型推理功能时：`let prime_squares: Vec<_> = some_iterator.collect()`。将示例重写成使" +"用这种形式。" -#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md:32 msgid "" -"There are basic implementations of `FromIterator` for `Vec`, `HashMap`, etc. " -"There are also more specialized implementations which let you do cool things " -"like convert an `Iterator>` into a `Result, E>`." +"There are basic implementations of `FromIterator` for `Vec`, `HashMap`, etc. There are " +"also more specialized implementations which let you do cool things like convert an " +"`Iterator>` into a `Result, E>`." msgstr "" -"还有一些实现，让您可执行一些很酷的操作，比如 将 `Iterator>` 转换成 `Result, E>`。" +"`Vec`、`HashMap`等类型都有基本的`FromIterator`实现。此外还有更特殊的实现，可以让你做一些" +"很酷的事情，比如将`Iterator>`转换为`Result, E>`。" -#: src/iterators/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/iterators/exercise.md:3 msgid "" -"In this exercise, you will need to find and use some of the provided methods " -"in the [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html) " -"trait to implement a complex calculation." +"In this exercise, you will need to find and use some of the provided methods in the " +"`Iterator` trait to implement a complex calculation." msgstr "" -"您可以自行实现 [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait." -"Iterator.html) 特征：" +"在这个练习中，你需要查找并使用`Iterator` trait 中提供的一些方法来实现一个复杂的计算。" -#: src/iterators/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/iterators/exercise.md:6 msgid "" -"Copy the following code to and make the tests " -"pass. Use an iterator expression and `collect` the result to construct the " -"return value." +"Copy the following code to https://play.rust-lang.org/ and make the tests pass. Use an " +"iterator expression and `collect` the result to construct the return value." msgstr "" -"将以下代码复制到 ，然后设法通过测试。请尽量避免" -"为中间结果分配“Vec”：" +"将以下代码复制到 https://play.rust-lang.org/ 并确保通过测试。使用迭代器表达式和 " +"`collect` 方法来构造返回值。" -#: src/iterators/exercise.md src/iterators/solution.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/iterators/exercise.md:11 src/iterators/solution.md:4 msgid "" -"/// Calculate the differences between elements of `values` offset by " -"`offset`,\n" -"/// wrapping around from the end of `values` to the beginning.\n" -"///\n" -"/// Element `n` of the result is `values[(n+offset)%len] - values[n]`.\n" +"/// Calculate the differences between elements of `values` offset by `offset`, /// " +"wrapping around from the end of `values` to the beginning. /// /// Element `n` of the " +"result is `values[(n+offset)%len] - values[n]`." msgstr "" -"/// Calculate the differences between elements of `values` offset by " -"`offset`, wrapping\n" -"/// around from the end of `values` to the beginning.\n" -"///\n" -"/// Element `n` of the result is `values[(n+offset)%len] - values[n]`.\n" +"/// 计算 `values` 中以 `offset` 为偏移的元素之间的差值，从 `values` 的末尾循环回到开" +"头。 /// /// 结果中的第 `n` 个元素是 `values[(n+offset)%len] - values[n]`。" -#: src/modules.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "[Modules](./modules/modules.md) (3 minutes)" -msgstr "练习：面向 GUI 库的模块" - -#: src/modules.md -msgid "[Filesystem Hierarchy](./modules/filesystem.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/modules.md -msgid "[Visibility](./modules/visibility.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/modules.md -msgid "[use, super, self](./modules/paths.md) (10 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/modules.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"[Exercise: Modules for a GUI Library](./modules/exercise.md) (15 minutes)" -msgstr "练习：面向 GUI 库的模块" +#: src/modules.md src/modules/paths.md:1 +msgid "use, super, self" +msgstr "use、super、self" -#: src/modules/modules.md +#: src/modules/modules.md:3 msgid "We have seen how `impl` blocks let us namespace functions to a type." msgstr "我们已看了“impl”块如何让我们将函数的命名空间建为一种类型。" -#: src/modules/modules.md +#: src/modules/modules.md:5 msgid "Similarly, `mod` lets us namespace types and functions:" msgstr "同样，“mod”让我们可为类型和函数建立命名空间：" -#: src/modules/modules.md +#: src/modules/modules.md:10 msgid "\"In the foo module\"" msgstr "\"In the foo module\"" -#: src/modules/modules.md +#: src/modules/modules.md:16 msgid "\"In the bar module\"" msgstr "\"In the bar module\"" -#: src/modules/modules.md +#: src/modules/modules.md:29 msgid "" -"Packages provide functionality and include a `Cargo.toml` file that " -"describes how to build a bundle of 1+ crates." -msgstr "" -"包提供功能，并包含一个描述如何构建包含 1 个以上 crate 的捆绑包的“Cargo." -"toml”文件。" +"Packages provide functionality and include a `Cargo.toml` file that describes how to " +"build a bundle of 1+ crates." +msgstr "包提供功能，并包含一个描述如何构建包含 1 个以上 crate 的捆绑包的“Cargo.toml”文件。" -#: src/modules/modules.md +#: src/modules/modules.md:31 msgid "" -"Crates are a tree of modules, where a binary crate creates an executable and " -"a library crate compiles to a library." +"Crates are a tree of modules, where a binary crate creates an executable and a library " +"crate compiles to a library." msgstr "" -"crate 是一种模块树，其中的二进制 crate 会创建一个可执行文件，而库 crate 会编" -"译为库。" +"crate 是一种模块树，其中的二进制 crate 会创建一个可执行文件，而库 crate 会编译为库。" -#: src/modules/modules.md +#: src/modules/modules.md:33 msgid "Modules define organization, scope, and are the focus of this section." msgstr "模块定义了组织和范围，并且是本部分的重点。" -#: src/modules/filesystem.md -msgid "" -"Omitting the module content will tell Rust to look for it in another file:" +#: src/modules/filesystem.md:3 +msgid "Omitting the module content will tell Rust to look for it in another file:" msgstr "如果省略模块内容，则会指示 Rust 在另一个文件中查找：" -#: src/modules/filesystem.md +#: src/modules/filesystem.md:9 msgid "" -"This tells rust that the `garden` module content is found at `src/garden." -"rs`. Similarly, a `garden::vegetables` module can be found at `src/garden/" -"vegetables.rs`." +"This tells rust that the `garden` module content is found at `src/garden.rs`. Similarly, " +"a `garden::vegetables` module can be found at `src/garden/vegetables.rs`." msgstr "" -"这会告知 Rust 可以在“src/garden.rs”中找到“garden”模块内容。同样，您可以" -"在“src/garden/vegetables.rs”中找到“garden::vegetables”模块。" +"这会告知 Rust 可以在“src/garden.rs”中找到“garden”模块内容。同样，您可以在“src/garden/" +"vegetables.rs”中找到“garden::vegetables”模块。" -#: src/modules/filesystem.md +#: src/modules/filesystem.md:13 msgid "The `crate` root is in:" msgstr "“crate”根目录位于：" -#: src/modules/filesystem.md +#: src/modules/filesystem.md:15 msgid "`src/lib.rs` (for a library crate)" msgstr "“src/lib.rs”（对于库 crate）" -#: src/modules/filesystem.md +#: src/modules/filesystem.md:16 msgid "`src/main.rs` (for a binary crate)" msgstr "“src/main.rs”（对于二进制文件 crate）" -#: src/modules/filesystem.md +#: src/modules/filesystem.md:18 msgid "" -"Modules defined in files can be documented, too, using \"inner doc " -"comments\". These document the item that contains them -- in this case, a " -"module." +"Modules defined in files can be documented, too, using \"inner doc comments\". These " +"document the item that contains them -- in this case, a module." msgstr "" -"也可以使用“内部文档注释”对文件中定义的模块进行记录。这些用于记录包含它们的项" -"（在本例中为模块）。" +"也可以使用“内部文档注释”对文件中定义的模块进行记录。这些用于记录包含它们的项（在本例中为" +"模块）。" -#: src/modules/filesystem.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/modules/filesystem.md:22 msgid "" -"//! This module implements the garden, including a highly performant " -"germination" -msgstr "" -"//! This module implements the garden, including a highly performant " -"germination\n" -"//! implementation.\n" - -#: src/modules/filesystem.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "//! implementation." -msgstr "实现" +"//! This module implements the garden, including a highly performant germination //! " +"implementation." +msgstr "//! 该模块实现了花园，包括一个高效的种植方案的实现。" -#: src/modules/filesystem.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/modules/filesystem.md:24 msgid "// Re-export types from this module." -msgstr "// Re-export types from this module.\n" +msgstr "// 重新导出该模块中的类型。" -#: src/modules/filesystem.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/modules/filesystem.md:28 msgid "/// Sow the given seed packets." -msgstr "/// Sow the given seed packets.\n" +msgstr "/// 播种给定的种子包。" -#: src/modules/filesystem.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/modules/filesystem.md:33 msgid "/// Harvest the produce in the garden that is ready." -msgstr "/// Harvest the produce in the garden that is ready.\n" +msgstr "/// 收获花园中已经成熟的农产品。" -#: src/modules/filesystem.md +#: src/modules/filesystem.md:43 msgid "" -"Before Rust 2018, modules needed to be located at `module/mod.rs` instead of " -"`module.rs`, and this is still a working alternative for editions after 2018." +"Before Rust 2018, modules needed to be located at `module/mod.rs` instead of `module." +"rs`, and this is still a working alternative for editions after 2018." msgstr "" -"在 Rust 2018 之前的版本中，模块需要位于“module/mod.rs”而非“module.rs”中，对" -"于 2018 年之后的版本而言，这仍是有效的替代方案。" +"在 Rust 2018 之前的版本中，模块需要位于“module/mod.rs”而非“module.rs”中，对于 2018 年之后" +"的版本而言，这仍是有效的替代方案。" -#: src/modules/filesystem.md +#: src/modules/filesystem.md:46 msgid "" -"The main reason to introduce `filename.rs` as alternative to `filename/mod." -"rs` was because many files named `mod.rs` can be hard to distinguish in IDEs." +"The main reason to introduce `filename.rs` as alternative to `filename/mod.rs` was " +"because many files named `mod.rs` can be hard to distinguish in IDEs." msgstr "" -"引入“filename.rs”来替代“filename/mod.rs”的主要原因是，许多名为“mod.rs”的文件" -"在 IDE 中可能难以区分。" +"引入“filename.rs”来替代“filename/mod.rs”的主要原因是，许多名为“mod.rs”的文件在 IDE 中可能" +"难以区分。" -#: src/modules/filesystem.md +#: src/modules/filesystem.md:49 msgid "Deeper nesting can use folders, even if the main module is a file:" msgstr "即使主模块是文件，更深层的嵌套也可以使用文件夹：" -#: src/modules/filesystem.md -msgid "" -"The place rust will look for modules can be changed with a compiler " -"directive:" +#: src/modules/filesystem.md:59 +msgid "The place rust will look for modules can be changed with a compiler directive:" msgstr "Rust 寻找模块的位置可通过编译器指令更改：" -#: src/modules/filesystem.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/modules/filesystem.md:62 msgid "\"some/path.rs\"" msgstr "\"some/path.rs\"" -#: src/modules/filesystem.md +#: src/modules/filesystem.md:66 msgid "" -"This is useful, for example, if you would like to place tests for a module " -"in a file named `some_module_test.rs`, similar to the convention in Go." +"This is useful, for example, if you would like to place tests for a module in a file " +"named `some_module_test.rs`, similar to the convention in Go." msgstr "" -"例如，如果您想将某个模块的测试放在名为“some_module_test.rs”的文件中（类似于 " -"Go 中的惯例），这样做很有用。" +"例如，如果您想将某个模块的测试放在名为“some_module_test.rs”的文件中（类似于 Go 中的惯" +"例），这样做很有用。" -#: src/modules/visibility.md +#: src/modules/visibility.md:3 msgid "Modules are a privacy boundary:" msgstr "模块是一种隐私边界：" -#: src/modules/visibility.md +#: src/modules/visibility.md:5 msgid "Module items are private by default (hides implementation details)." msgstr "默认情况下，模块项是私有的（隐藏实现详情）。" -#: src/modules/visibility.md +#: src/modules/visibility.md:6 msgid "Parent and sibling items are always visible." msgstr "父项和同级子项始终可见。" -#: src/modules/visibility.md +#: src/modules/visibility.md:7 msgid "" -"In other words, if an item is visible in module `foo`, it's visible in all " -"the descendants of `foo`." -msgstr "" -"换言之，如果某个项在模块“foo”中可见，那么该项在“foo”的所有后代中均可见。" +"In other words, if an item is visible in module `foo`, it's visible in all the " +"descendants of `foo`." +msgstr "换言之，如果某个项在模块“foo”中可见，那么该项在“foo”的所有后代中均可见。" -#: src/modules/visibility.md +#: src/modules/visibility.md:13 msgid "\"outer::private\"" msgstr "\"outer::private\"" -#: src/modules/visibility.md +#: src/modules/visibility.md:17 msgid "\"outer::public\"" msgstr "\"outer::public\"" -#: src/modules/visibility.md +#: src/modules/visibility.md:22 msgid "\"outer::inner::private\"" msgstr "\"outer::inner::private\"" -#: src/modules/visibility.md +#: src/modules/visibility.md:26 msgid "\"outer::inner::public\"" msgstr "\"outer::inner::public\"" -#: src/modules/visibility.md +#: src/modules/visibility.md:40 msgid "Use the `pub` keyword to make modules public." msgstr "使用“pub”关键字将模块设为公开。" -#: src/modules/visibility.md +#: src/modules/visibility.md:42 msgid "" -"Additionally, there are advanced `pub(...)` specifiers to restrict the scope " -"of public visibility." +"Additionally, there are advanced `pub(...)` specifiers to restrict the scope of public " +"visibility." msgstr "此外，您还可以使用高级“pub(...)”说明符来限制公开可见的范围。" -#: src/modules/visibility.md -msgid "" -"See the [Rust Reference](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/visibility-and-" -"privacy.html#pubin-path-pubcrate-pubsuper-and-pubself)." -msgstr "" -"请参阅 [Rust 参考](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/visibility-and-" -"privacy.html#pubin-path-pubcrate-pubsuper-and-pubself)。" +#: src/modules/visibility.md:45 +msgid "See the Rust Reference." +msgstr "查看 Rust 参考文档。" -#: src/modules/visibility.md +#: src/modules/visibility.md:47 msgid "Configuring `pub(crate)` visibility is a common pattern." msgstr "配置“pub(crate)”可见性是一种常见模式。" -#: src/modules/visibility.md +#: src/modules/visibility.md:48 msgid "Less commonly, you can give visibility to a specific path." msgstr "您可以为特定路径授予可见性，这种情况不太常见。" -#: src/modules/visibility.md +#: src/modules/visibility.md:49 msgid "" -"In any case, visibility must be granted to an ancestor module (and all of " -"its descendants)." +"In any case, visibility must be granted to an ancestor module (and all of its " +"descendants)." msgstr "在任何情况下，都必须向祖先模块（及其所有后代）授予可见性。" -#: src/modules/paths.md -msgid "use, super, self" -msgstr "use、super、self" - -#: src/modules/paths.md +#: src/modules/paths.md:3 msgid "" -"A module can bring symbols from another module into scope with `use`. You " -"will typically see something like this at the top of each module:" +"A module can bring symbols from another module into scope with `use`. You will typically " +"see something like this at the top of each module:" msgstr "" -"一个模块可以使用“use”将另一个模块的符号全部纳入。您通常在每个模块的顶部会看到" -"如下内容：" +"一个模块可以使用“use”将另一个模块的符号全部纳入。您通常在每个模块的顶部会看到如下内容：" -#: src/modules/paths.md +#: src/modules/paths.md:11 msgid "Paths" msgstr "路径" -#: src/modules/paths.md +#: src/modules/paths.md:13 msgid "Paths are resolved as follows:" msgstr "路径解析如下：" -#: src/modules/paths.md +#: src/modules/paths.md:15 msgid "As a relative path:" msgstr "作为相对路径：" -#: src/modules/paths.md +#: src/modules/paths.md:16 msgid "`foo` or `self::foo` refers to `foo` in the current module," msgstr "`foo` 或 `self::foo` 是指当前模块中的 `foo`，" -#: src/modules/paths.md +#: src/modules/paths.md:17 msgid "`super::foo` refers to `foo` in the parent module." msgstr "“super::foo”是指父模块中的“foo”。" -#: src/modules/paths.md +#: src/modules/paths.md:19 msgid "As an absolute path:" msgstr "作为绝对路径：" -#: src/modules/paths.md +#: src/modules/paths.md:20 msgid "`crate::foo` refers to `foo` in the root of the current crate," msgstr "`crate::foo` 是指当前 crate 的根中的 `foo`，" -#: src/modules/paths.md +#: src/modules/paths.md:21 msgid "`bar::foo` refers to `foo` in the `bar` crate." msgstr "“bar::foo”是指“bar”crate 中的“foo”。" -#: src/modules/paths.md +#: src/modules/paths.md:26 msgid "" -"It is common to \"re-export\" symbols at a shorter path. For example, the " -"top-level `lib.rs` in a crate might have" -msgstr "" -"通常使用较短的路径来 “重新导出”符号。例如，crate 中的顶层 `lib.rs` 文件可能会" +"It is common to \"re-export\" symbols at a shorter path. For example, the top-level `lib." +"rs` in a crate might have" +msgstr "通常使用较短的路径来 “重新导出”符号。例如，crate 中的顶层 `lib.rs` 文件可能会" -#: src/modules/paths.md +#: src/modules/paths.md:36 msgid "" -"making `DiskStorage` and `NetworkStorage` available to other crates with a " -"convenient, short path." -msgstr "" -"通过便捷的短路径，使得 `DiskStorage` 和 `NetworkStorage` 可供其他 crate 使" -"用。" +"making `DiskStorage` and `NetworkStorage` available to other crates with a convenient, " +"short path." +msgstr "通过便捷的短路径，使得 `DiskStorage` 和 `NetworkStorage` 可供其他 crate 使用。" -#: src/modules/paths.md +#: src/modules/paths.md:39 msgid "" -"For the most part, only items that appear in a module need to be `use`'d. " -"However, a trait must be in scope to call any methods on that trait, even if " -"a type implementing that trait is already in scope. For example, to use the " -"`read_to_string` method on a type implementing the `Read` trait, you need to " -"`use std::io::Read`." +"For the most part, only items that appear in a module need to be `use`'d. However, a " +"trait must be in scope to call any methods on that trait, even if a type implementing " +"that trait is already in scope. For example, to use the `read_to_string` method on a " +"type implementing the `Read` trait, you need to `use std::io::Read`." msgstr "" -"在大多数情况下，只有模块中显示的项才需通过 `use` 引入。不过，即使实现该 " -"trait 的类型已处于作用域内，如要调用该 trait 的任何方法，仍需将该 trait 引入" -"到作用域内。例如，如需对实现 `Read` trait 的类型使用 `read_to_string` 方法，" -"您需要使用 `use std::io::Read` 引入。" +"在大多数情况下，只有模块中显示的项才需通过 `use` 引入。不过，即使实现该 trait 的类型已处" +"于作用域内，如要调用该 trait 的任何方法，仍需将该 trait 引入到作用域内。例如，如需对实现 " +"`Read` trait 的类型使用 `read_to_string` 方法，您需要使用 `use std::io::Read` 引入。" -#: src/modules/paths.md +#: src/modules/paths.md:45 msgid "" -"The `use` statement can have a wildcard: `use std::io::*`. This is " -"discouraged because it is not clear which items are imported, and those " -"might change over time." +"The `use` statement can have a wildcard: `use std::io::*`. This is discouraged because " +"it is not clear which items are imported, and those might change over time." msgstr "" -"`use` 语句可以包含通配符：`use std::io::*`。但不推荐这种做法，因为不清楚导入" -"了哪些项，并且这些内容可能会随时间而变化。" +"`use` 语句可以包含通配符：`use std::io::*`。但不推荐这种做法，因为不清楚导入了哪些项，并" +"且这些内容可能会随时间而变化。" -#: src/modules/exercise.md +#: src/modules/exercise.md:3 msgid "" -"In this exercise, you will reorganize a small GUI Library implementation. " -"This library defines a `Widget` trait and a few implementations of that " -"trait, as well as a `main` function." +"In this exercise, you will reorganize a small GUI Library implementation. This library " +"defines a `Widget` trait and a few implementations of that trait, as well as a `main` " +"function." msgstr "" +"在这个练习中，你将重新组织一个小型的 GUI 库实现。该库定义了一个 `Widget` trait，以及该 " +"trait 的几个实现，还有一个 `main` 函数。" -#: src/modules/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/modules/exercise.md:7 msgid "" -"It is typical to put each type or set of closely-related types into its own " -"module, so each widget type should get its own module." +"It is typical to put each type or set of closely-related types into its own module, so " +"each widget type should get its own module." msgstr "" -"在本练习中，您需要将课程 “方法和特征”部分的 GUI 库练习重新整理为一组模块。通" -"常情况下，将每种类型或一组密切相关的类型放入各自的模块中，因此每种 widget 类" -"型都应拥有自己的模块。" +"通常情况下，将每种类型或一组密切相关的类型放入自己的模块中是很典型的，因此每种小部件类型" +"都应该有自己的模块。" -#: src/modules/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/modules/exercise.md:10 msgid "Cargo Setup" -msgstr "设置" +msgstr "Cargo 设置" -#: src/modules/exercise.md +#: src/modules/exercise.md:12 msgid "" -"The Rust playground only supports one file, so you will need to make a Cargo " -"project on your local filesystem:" -msgstr "" -"Rust Playground 仅支持一个文件，因此您需要在本地文件系统上创建一个 Cargo 项" -"目：" +"The Rust playground only supports one file, so you will need to make a Cargo project on " +"your local filesystem:" +msgstr "Rust Playground 仅支持一个文件，因此您需要在本地文件系统上创建一个 Cargo 项目：" -#: src/modules/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/modules/exercise.md:21 msgid "" -"Edit the resulting `src/main.rs` to add `mod` statements, and add additional " -"files in the `src` directory." -msgstr "修改 `src/main.rs` 以添加 `mod` 语句，并在 `src` 目录中添加其他文件。" +"Edit the resulting `src/main.rs` to add `mod` statements, and add additional files in " +"the `src` directory." +msgstr "编辑生成的 `src/main.rs` 文件以添加 `mod` 声明，并在 `src` 目录中添加其他文件。" -#: src/modules/exercise.md +#: src/modules/exercise.md:24 msgid "Source" -msgstr "" +msgstr "源代码" -#: src/modules/exercise.md +#: src/modules/exercise.md:26 msgid "Here's the single-module implementation of the GUI library:" -msgstr "" +msgstr "这是 GUI 库的单模块实现：" -#: src/modules/exercise.md -msgid "/// Natural width of `self`.\n" -msgstr "/// Natural width of `self`.\n" +#: src/modules/exercise.md:30 src/modules/solution.md:36 +msgid "/// Natural width of `self`." +msgstr "/// `self` 的自然宽度。" -#: src/modules/exercise.md -msgid "/// Draw the widget into a buffer.\n" -msgstr "/// Draw the widget into a buffer.\n" +#: src/modules/exercise.md:33 src/modules/solution.md:39 +msgid "/// Draw the widget into a buffer." +msgstr "/// 将小部件绘制到缓冲区中。" -#: src/modules/exercise.md -msgid "/// Draw the widget on standard output.\n" -msgstr "/// Draw the widget on standard output.\n" +#: src/modules/exercise.md:36 src/modules/solution.md:42 +msgid "/// Draw the widget on standard output." +msgstr "/// 在标准输出上绘制小部件。" -#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md +#: src/modules/exercise.md:40 src/modules/solution.md:46 msgid "\"{buffer}\"" msgstr "\"{buffer}\"" -#: src/modules/exercise.md -msgid "// Add 4 paddings for borders\n" -msgstr "// Add 4 paddings for borders\n" +#: src/modules/exercise.md:88 +msgid "// Add 4 paddings for borders" +msgstr "// 为边框添加 4 个填充(padding)" -#: src/modules/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/modules/exercise.md:100 msgid "" -"// TODO: Change draw_into to return Result<(), std::fmt::Error>. Then use " -"the\n" -" // ?-operator here instead of .unwrap().\n" +"// TODO: Change draw_into to return Result\\<(), std::fmt::Error>. Then use the // ?-" +"operator here instead of .unwrap()." msgstr "" -"// TODO: after learning about error handling, you can change\n" -" // draw_into to return Result<(), std::fmt::Error>. Then use\n" -" // the ?-operator here instead of .unwrap().\n" +"// TODO: 将 `draw_into` 修改为返回 `Result<(), std::fmt::Error>`。然后在此处使用 `?` 运算" +"符，而不是 `.unwrap()`。" -#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md -msgid "\"+-{:-. Then use" -msgstr "" -"// TODO: after learning about error handling, you can change\n" -" // draw_into to return Result<(), std::fmt::Error>. Then use\n" -" // the ?-operator here instead of .unwrap().\n" +msgstr "// ANCHOR_END：Window-draw_into" -#: src/modules/solution.md -msgid "// the ?-operator here instead of .unwrap()." +#: src/modules/solution.md:162 +msgid "" +"// TODO: after learning about error handling, you can change // draw_into to return " +"Result\\<(), std::fmt::Error>. Then use // the ?-operator here instead of .unwrap()." msgstr "" +"// TODO: 学习错误处理后，可以将 `draw_into` 修改为返回 `Result<(), std::fmt::Error>`。然" +"后在这里使用 `?` 运算符，而不是 `.unwrap()`。" -#: src/modules/solution.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/modules/solution.md:177 msgid "// ---- src/main.rs ----" -msgstr "// ---- src/main.rs ----\n" - -#: src/testing.md -msgid "[Test Modules](./testing/unit-tests.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/testing.md -msgid "[Other Types of Tests](./testing/other.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/testing.md -msgid "[Useful Crates](./testing/useful-crates.md) (3 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/testing.md -msgid "[GoogleTest](./testing/googletest.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/testing.md -msgid "[Mocking](./testing/mocking.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/testing.md -msgid "[Compiler Lints and Clippy](./testing/lints.md) (3 minutes)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "// ---- src/main.rs ----" -#: src/testing.md -msgid "[Exercise: Luhn Algorithm](./testing/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/testing/unit-tests.md +#: src/testing/unit-tests.md:1 msgid "Unit Tests" msgstr "单元测试" -#: src/testing/unit-tests.md +#: src/testing/unit-tests.md:3 msgid "Rust and Cargo come with a simple unit test framework:" msgstr "Rust 和 Cargo 随附了一个简单的单元测试框架：" -#: src/testing/unit-tests.md +#: src/testing/unit-tests.md:5 msgid "Unit tests are supported throughout your code." msgstr "单元测试在您的整个代码中都受支持。" -#: src/testing/unit-tests.md +#: src/testing/unit-tests.md:7 msgid "Integration tests are supported via the `tests/` directory." msgstr "您可以通过 `tests/` 目录来支持集成测试。" -#: src/testing/unit-tests.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/testing/unit-tests.md:9 msgid "" -"Tests are marked with `#[test]`. Unit tests are often put in a nested " -"`tests` module, using `#[cfg(test)]` to conditionally compile them only when " -"building tests." +"Tests are marked with `#[test]`. Unit tests are often put in a nested `tests` module, " +"using `#[cfg(test)]` to conditionally compile them only when building tests." msgstr "" -"测试标有 `#[test]`。单元测试通常会放在嵌套的 `tests` 模块中，仅在构建测试时使" -"用 `#[cfg(test)]` 对它们进行有条件地编译。" +"测试使用 `#[test]` 进行标记。单元测试通常放在嵌套的 `tests` 模块中，使用 `#[cfg(test)]` " +"条件编译，仅在构建测试时编译它们。" -#: src/testing/unit-tests.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/testing/unit-tests.md:37 msgid "\"Hello World\"" -msgstr "Hello World!" +msgstr "“Hello World”" -#: src/testing/unit-tests.md +#: src/testing/unit-tests.md:42 msgid "This lets you unit test private helpers." msgstr "这样一来，您可以对专用帮助程序进行单元测试。" -#: src/testing/unit-tests.md +#: src/testing/unit-tests.md:43 msgid "The `#[cfg(test)]` attribute is only active when you run `cargo test`." msgstr "仅当您运行 `cargo test` 时，`#[cfg(test)]` 属性才有效。" -#: src/testing/unit-tests.md +#: src/testing/unit-tests.md:48 msgid "Run the tests in the playground in order to show their results." msgstr "在 Playground 中运行测试显示测试结果。" -#: src/testing/other.md +#: src/testing/other.md:3 msgid "Integration Tests" msgstr "集成测试" -#: src/testing/other.md +#: src/testing/other.md:5 msgid "If you want to test your library as a client, use an integration test." msgstr "如果您想要以客户的身份测试您的库，请使用集成测试。" -#: src/testing/other.md +#: src/testing/other.md:7 msgid "Create a `.rs` file under `tests/`:" msgstr "在 `tests/` 下方创建一个 `.rs` 文件：" -#: src/testing/other.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/testing/other.md:10 msgid "// tests/my_library.rs" -msgstr "// tests/my_library.rs\n" +msgstr "// tests/my_library.rs" -#: src/testing/other.md +#: src/testing/other.md:19 msgid "These tests only have access to the public API of your crate." msgstr "这些测试只能使用您的 crate 的公共 API。" -#: src/testing/other.md +#: src/testing/other.md:21 msgid "Documentation Tests" msgstr "文档测试" -#: src/testing/other.md +#: src/testing/other.md:23 msgid "Rust has built-in support for documentation tests:" msgstr "Rust 本身就支持文档测试：" -#: src/testing/other.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "/// Shortens a string to the given length." -msgstr "/// The car has arrived on the given floor.\n" - -#: src/testing/other.md -msgid "/// ```" -msgstr "" - -#: src/testing/other.md -msgid "/// # use playground::shorten_string;" -msgstr "" - -#: src/testing/other.md -msgid "/// assert_eq!(shorten_string(\"Hello World\", 5), \"Hello\");" -msgstr "" - -#: src/testing/other.md -msgid "/// assert_eq!(shorten_string(\"Hello World\", 20), \"Hello World\");" +#: src/testing/other.md:26 +msgid "" +"/// Shortens a string to the given length. /// /// `/// # use playground::" +"shorten_string; /// assert_eq!(shorten_string(\"Hello World\", 5), \"Hello\"); /// " +"assert_eq!(shorten_string(\"Hello World\", 20), \"Hello World\"); ///`" msgstr "" +"/// 将字符串缩短到给定的长度。 /// /// ``` /// # use playground::shorten_string; /// " +"assert_eq!(shorten_string(“Hello World”, 5), “Hello”); /// assert_eq!" +"(shorten_string(“Hello World”, 20), “Hello World”); /// ```" -#: src/testing/other.md +#: src/testing/other.md:38 msgid "Code blocks in `///` comments are automatically seen as Rust code." msgstr "`///` 注释中的代码块会自动被视为 Rust 代码。" -#: src/testing/other.md +#: src/testing/other.md:39 msgid "The code will be compiled and executed as part of `cargo test`." msgstr "代码会作为 `cargo test` 的一部分进行编译和执行。" -#: src/testing/other.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"Adding `#` in the code will hide it from the docs, but will still compile/" -"run it." -msgstr "在代码中添加 `#` 可以将其隐藏在文档中，但系统仍会编译/运行它。" - -#: src/testing/other.md -msgid "" -"Test the above code on the [Rust Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/?" -"version=stable&mode=debug&edition=2021&gist=3ce2ad13ea1302f6572cb15cd96becf0)." -msgstr "" -"在 [Rust Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/?" -"version=stable&mode=debug&edition=2021&gist=3ce2ad13ea1302f6572cb15cd96becf0) " -"上测试上述代码。" - -#: src/testing/useful-crates.md -msgid "Rust comes with only basic support for writing tests." -msgstr "Rust 仅为编写测试提供基本支持。" - -#: src/testing/useful-crates.md -msgid "Here are some additional crates which we recommend for writing tests:" -msgstr "下面列出了我们建议在编写测试时使用的一些其他 crate：" - -#: src/testing/useful-crates.md -msgid "" -"[googletest](https://docs.rs/googletest): Comprehensive test assertion " -"library in the tradition of GoogleTest for C++." -msgstr "" -"[googletest](https://docs.rs/googletest)：遵从 GoogleTest for C++ 传统的综合" -"测试断言库。" - -#: src/testing/useful-crates.md -msgid "[proptest](https://docs.rs/proptest): Property-based testing for Rust." -msgstr "[proptest](https://docs.rs/proptest)：基于属性的测试，适用于 Rust。" - -#: src/testing/useful-crates.md -msgid "" -"[rstest](https://docs.rs/rstest): Support for fixtures and parameterised " -"tests." -msgstr "[rstest](https://docs.rs/rstest)：支持固件和参数化测试。" - -#: src/testing/googletest.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"The [GoogleTest](https://docs.rs/googletest/) crate allows for flexible test " -"assertions using _matchers_:" -msgstr "" -"[googletest](https://docs.rs/googletest)：遵从 GoogleTest for C++ 传统的综合" -"测试断言库。" - -#: src/testing/googletest.md -msgid "\"baz\"" -msgstr "\"baz\"" - -#: src/testing/googletest.md -msgid "\"xyz\"" -msgstr "\"xyz\"" - -#: src/testing/googletest.md -msgid "" -"If we change the last element to `\"!\"`, the test fails with a structured " -"error message pin-pointing the error:" -msgstr "" -"如果我们将最后一个元素更改为 `\"!\"`，测试将失败，并会提供详细的错误消息来指" -"出错误的位置：" - -#: src/testing/googletest.md -msgid "" -"GoogleTest is not part of the Rust Playground, so you need to run this " -"example in a local environment. Use `cargo add googletest` to quickly add it " -"to an existing Cargo project." -msgstr "" -"GoogleTest 不是 Rust Playground 的一部分，因此您需要在本地环境中运行此示例。" -"使用 `cargo add googletest` 快速将其添加到现有 Cargo 项目中。" - -#: src/testing/googletest.md -msgid "" -"The `use googletest::prelude::*;` line imports a number of [commonly used " -"macros and types](https://docs.rs/googletest/latest/googletest/prelude/index." -"html)." -msgstr "" -"`use googletest::prelude::*;` 行会导入一些 [常用的宏和类型](https://docs.rs/" -"googletest/latest/googletest/prelude/index.html)。" - -#: src/testing/googletest.md -msgid "This just scratches the surface, there are many builtin matchers." -msgstr "这只是冰山一角，还有很多内置匹配器。" - -#: src/testing/googletest.md -msgid "" -"A particularly nice feature is that mismatches in multi-line strings strings " -"are shown as a diff:" -msgstr "" -"有一个特别实用的功能是，多行字符串中的不匹配问题会以差异的形式显示出来：" - -#: src/testing/googletest.md -msgid "" -"\"Memory safety found,\\n\\\n" -" Rust's strong typing guides the way,\\n\\\n" -" Secure code you'll write.\"" -msgstr "" -"\"Memory safety found,\\n\\\n" -" Rust's strong typing guides the way,\\n\\\n" -" Secure code you'll write.\"" - -#: src/testing/googletest.md -msgid "" -"\"Memory safety found,\\n\\\n" -" Rust's silly humor guides the way,\\n\\\n" -" Secure code you'll write.\"" -msgstr "" -"\"Memory safety found,\\n\\\n" -" Rust's silly humor guides the way,\\n\\\n" -" Secure code you'll write.\"" - -#: src/testing/googletest.md -msgid "shows a color-coded diff (colors not shown here):" -msgstr "显示用颜色标识的差异（此处未显示颜色）：" - -#: src/testing/googletest.md -msgid "" -"The crate is a Rust port of [GoogleTest for C++](https://google.github.io/" -"googletest/)." -msgstr "" -"crate 是 [适用于 C++ 的 GoogleTest](https://google.github.io/googletest/) 的 " -"Rust 移植版。" - -#: src/testing/googletest.md -msgid "GoogleTest is available for use in AOSP." -msgstr "GoogleTest 可以在 AOSP 中使用。" - -#: src/testing/mocking.md -msgid "" -"For mocking, [Mockall](https://docs.rs/mockall/) is a widely used library. " -"You need to refactor your code to use traits, which you can then quickly " -"mock:" -msgstr "" -"对于模拟，[Mockall](https://docs.rs/mockall/) 是一个广泛使用的库。您需要重构" -"代码才能使用 trait，然后便可很快地对其进行模拟：" - -#: src/testing/mocking.md -msgid "" -"The advice here is for Android (AOSP) where Mockall is the recommended " -"mocking library. There are other [mocking libraries available on crates.io]" -"(https://crates.io/keywords/mock), in particular in the area of mocking HTTP " -"services. The other mocking libraries work in a similar fashion as Mockall, " -"meaning that they make it easy to get a mock implementation of a given trait." -msgstr "" -"此处的建议适用于 Android (AOSP)，其中推荐使用 Mockall 模拟库。[crates.io 上还" -"有其他模拟库可用](https://crates.io/keywords/mock)，尤其是在模拟 HTTP 服务方" -"面。其他模拟库的工作方式与 Mockall 类似，这意味着通过它们您可轻松实现对指定 " -"trait 的模拟。" - -#: src/testing/mocking.md -msgid "" -"Note that mocking is somewhat _controversial_: mocks allow you to completely " -"isolate a test from its dependencies. The immediate result is faster and " -"more stable test execution. On the other hand, the mocks can be configured " -"wrongly and return output different from what the real dependencies would do." -msgstr "" -"请注意，模拟在某种程度上具有 _争议性_：借助模拟，您可以将测试与其依赖项完全隔" -"离。最立竿见影的是，测试作业会更快且更稳定。另一方面，模拟对象的配置可能出现" -"错误，并返回与真实依赖项不同的输出。" - -#: src/testing/mocking.md -msgid "" -"If at all possible, it is recommended that you use the real dependencies. As " -"an example, many databases allow you to configure an in-memory backend. This " -"means that you get the correct behavior in your tests, plus they are fast " -"and will automatically clean up after themselves." -msgstr "" -"建议您尽可能使用真实依赖项。例如，许多数据库都支持您配置内存后端。这意味着，" -"您可以在测试中获得正确的功能行为，而且测试速度会很快并会自动清理。" - -#: src/testing/mocking.md -msgid "" -"Similarly, many web frameworks allow you to start an in-process server which " -"binds to a random port on `localhost`. Always prefer this over mocking away " -"the framework since it helps you test your code in the real environment." -msgstr "" -"同样，许多 Web 框架都支持您启动进程内服务器，该服务器会绑定到 `localhost` 上" -"的随机端口。相比模拟框架，请始终优先选择这种方式，因为这有助于您在真实环境中" -"测试代码。" - -#: src/testing/mocking.md -msgid "" -"Mockall is not part of the Rust Playground, so you need to run this example " -"in a local environment. Use `cargo add mockall` to quickly add Mockall to an " -"existing Cargo project." -msgstr "" -"Mockall 不是 Rust Playground 的一部分，因此您需要在本地环境中运行此示例。使" -"用 `cargo add mockall` 快速将 Mockall 添加到现有 Cargo 项目中。" - -#: src/testing/mocking.md -msgid "" -"Mockall has a lot more functionality. In particular, you can set up " -"expectations which depend on the arguments passed. Here we use this to mock " -"a cat which becomes hungry 3 hours after the last time it was fed:" -msgstr "" -"Mockall 具有更多功能。具体而言，您可以设置基于传递参数的预期值。在这里，我们" -"使用该功能来模拟一只猫，它在上次被喂食的 3 小时后会感到饥饿：" +#: src/testing/other.md:40 +msgid "Adding `#` in the code will hide it from the docs, but will still compile/run it." +msgstr "在代码中添加 `#` 将会使其在文档中隐藏，但仍会编译和运行它。" -#: src/testing/mocking.md -msgid "" -"You can use `.times(n)` to limit the number of times a mock method can be " -"called to `n` --- the mock will automatically panic when dropped if this " -"isn't satisfied." -msgstr "" -"您可以使用 `.times(n)` 将调用模拟方法的次数限制为 `n`，如果不满足此条件，模拟" -"对象被释放时会自动 panic。" +#: src/testing/other.md:42 +msgid "Test the above code on the Rust Playground." +msgstr "在 Rust Playground 上测试上述代码。" -#: src/testing/lints.md +#: src/testing/lints.md:3 msgid "" -"The Rust compiler produces fantastic error messages, as well as helpful " -"built-in lints. [Clippy](https://doc.rust-lang.org/clippy/) provides even " -"more lints, organized into groups that can be enabled per-project." +"The Rust compiler produces fantastic error messages, as well as helpful built-in lints. " +"Clippy provides even more lints, organized into groups that can be enabled per-project." msgstr "" -"Rust 编译器会生成出色的错误消息，并提供实用的内置 lint 功能。[Clippy]" -"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/clippy/) 提供了更多 lint 功能，采用按组分类方式，" -"并可按项目灵活启用。" +"Rust编译器生成了出色的错误消息，还提供了有用的内置lint。Clippy提供了更多的lint，按组组" +"织，可以在每个项目中启用。" -#: src/testing/lints.md +#: src/testing/lints.md:14 msgid "\"X probably fits in a u16, right? {}\"" msgstr "\"X probably fits in a u16, right? {}\"" -#: src/testing/lints.md +#: src/testing/lints.md:21 msgid "" -"Run the code sample and examine the error message. There are also lints " -"visible here, but those will not be shown once the code compiles. Switch to " -"the Playground site to show those lints." +"Run the code sample and examine the error message. There are also lints visible here, " +"but those will not be shown once the code compiles. Switch to the Playground site to " +"show those lints." msgstr "" -"运行代码示例并检查错误消息。此处还会显示一些 lint，但是一旦完成代码编译，就不" -"会再显示这些 lint。切换到 Playground 网站以显示这些 lint。" +"运行代码示例并检查错误消息。此处还会显示一些 lint，但是一旦完成代码编译，就不会再显示这" +"些 lint。切换到 Playground 网站以显示这些 lint。" -#: src/testing/lints.md +#: src/testing/lints.md:25 msgid "" -"After resolving the lints, run `clippy` on the playground site to show " -"clippy warnings. Clippy has extensive documentation of its lints, and adds " -"new lints (including default-deny lints) all the time." +"After resolving the lints, run `clippy` on the playground site to show clippy warnings. " +"Clippy has extensive documentation of its lints, and adds new lints (including default-" +"deny lints) all the time." msgstr "" -"解析完 lint 之后，请在 Playground 网站上运行 `clippy`，以显示 clippy 警告。" -"Clippy 提供了大量的 lint 文档，并且在不断添加新的 lint（包括默认拒绝 lint）。" +"解析完 lint 之后，请在 Playground 网站上运行 `clippy`，以显示 clippy 警告。Clippy 提供了" +"大量的 lint 文档，并且在不断添加新的 lint（包括默认拒绝 lint）。" -#: src/testing/lints.md +#: src/testing/lints.md:29 msgid "" -"Note that errors or warnings with `help: ...` can be fixed with `cargo fix` " -"or via your editor." -msgstr "" -"请注意，带有 `help: ...` 的错误或警告可以通过 `cargo Fix` 或编辑器进行修复。" +"Note that errors or warnings with `help: ...` can be fixed with `cargo fix` or via your " +"editor." +msgstr "请注意，带有 `help: ...` 的错误或警告可以通过 `cargo Fix` 或编辑器进行修复。" -#: src/testing/exercise.md +#: src/testing/exercise.md:3 msgid "Luhn Algorithm" msgstr "卢恩算法" -#: src/testing/exercise.md +#: src/testing/exercise.md:5 msgid "" -"The [Luhn algorithm](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luhn_algorithm) is used " -"to validate credit card numbers. The algorithm takes a string as input and " -"does the following to validate the credit card number:" +"The Luhn algorithm is used to validate credit card numbers. The algorithm takes a string " +"as input and does the following to validate the credit card number:" msgstr "" -"[卢恩算法](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/卢恩算法)用于验证信用卡号。该算法将" -"字符串作为输入内容，并执行以下操作来验证信用卡号：" +"卢恩算法用于验证信用卡号。该算法接受一个字符串作为输入，并执行以下操作来验证信用卡号：" -#: src/testing/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/testing/exercise.md:9 msgid "Ignore all spaces. Reject number with fewer than two digits." msgstr "忽略所有空格。拒绝少于两位的号码。" -#: src/testing/exercise.md +#: src/testing/exercise.md:11 msgid "" -"Moving from **right to left**, double every second digit: for the number " -"`1234`, we double `3` and `1`. For the number `98765`, we double `6` and `8`." +"Moving from **right to left**, double every second digit: for the number `1234`, we " +"double `3` and `1`. For the number `98765`, we double `6` and `8`." msgstr "" -"从**右到左**，将偶数位的数字乘二。对于数字“1234”，我们将“3”和“1”乘二；对于数" -"字“98765”，将“6”和“8”乘二。" +"从**右到左**，将偶数位的数字乘二。对于数字“1234”，我们将“3”和“1”乘二；对于数字“98765”，" +"将“6”和“8”乘二。" -#: src/testing/exercise.md +#: src/testing/exercise.md:14 msgid "" -"After doubling a digit, sum the digits if the result is greater than 9. So " -"doubling `7` becomes `14` which becomes `1 + 4 = 5`." +"After doubling a digit, sum the digits if the result is greater than 9. So doubling `7` " +"becomes `14` which becomes `1 + 4 = 5`." msgstr "" -"将一个数字乘二后，如果结果大于 9，则将每位数字相加。因此，将“7”乘二得“14”，然" -"后“1 + 4 = 5”。" +"将一个数字乘二后，如果结果大于 9，则将每位数字相加。因此，将“7”乘二得“14”，然后“1 + 4 = " +"5”。" -#: src/testing/exercise.md +#: src/testing/exercise.md:17 msgid "Sum all the undoubled and doubled digits." msgstr "将所有未乘二和已乘二的数字相加。" -#: src/testing/exercise.md +#: src/testing/exercise.md:19 msgid "The credit card number is valid if the sum ends with `0`." msgstr "如果总和以“0”结尾，则信用卡号有效。" -#: src/testing/exercise.md +#: src/testing/exercise.md:21 msgid "" -"The provided code provides a buggy implementation of the luhn algorithm, " -"along with two basic unit tests that confirm that most the algorithm is " -"implemented correctly." +"The provided code provides a buggy implementation of the luhn algorithm, along with two " +"basic unit tests that confirm that most the algorithm is implemented correctly." msgstr "" -"提供的代码提供了一个有缺陷的 Luhn 算法实现，附带两个基本单元测试，用于验证大" -"部分算法是否正确实现。" +"提供的代码提供了一个有缺陷的 Luhn 算法实现，附带两个基本单元测试，用于验证大部分算法是否" +"正确实现。" -#: src/testing/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/testing/exercise.md:25 msgid "" -"Copy the code below to and write additional " -"tests to uncover bugs in the provided implementation, fixing any bugs you " -"find." +"Copy the code below to https://play.rust-lang.org/ and write additional tests to uncover " +"bugs in the provided implementation, fixing any bugs you find." msgstr "" -"将以下代码复制到 ，并填入缺少的函数和方法：" +"将下面的代码复制到 https://play.rust-lang.org/ 中，并编写额外的测试来发现提供的实现中的错" +"误，并修复你发现的任何错误。" -#: src/testing/exercise.md src/testing/solution.md +#: src/testing/exercise.md:57 src/testing/solution.md:69 msgid "\"4263 9826 4026 9299\"" msgstr "\"4263 9826 4026 9299\"" -#: src/testing/exercise.md src/testing/solution.md +#: src/testing/exercise.md:58 src/testing/solution.md:70 msgid "\"4539 3195 0343 6467\"" msgstr "\"4539 3195 0343 6467\"" -#: src/testing/exercise.md src/testing/solution.md +#: src/testing/exercise.md:59 src/testing/solution.md:71 msgid "\"7992 7398 713\"" msgstr "\"7992 7398 713\"" -#: src/testing/exercise.md src/testing/solution.md +#: src/testing/exercise.md:64 src/testing/solution.md:76 msgid "\"4223 9826 4026 9299\"" msgstr "\"4223 9826 4026 9299\"" -#: src/testing/exercise.md src/testing/solution.md +#: src/testing/exercise.md:65 src/testing/solution.md:77 msgid "\"4539 3195 0343 6476\"" msgstr "\"4539 3195 0343 6476\"" -#: src/testing/exercise.md src/testing/solution.md +#: src/testing/exercise.md:66 src/testing/solution.md:78 msgid "\"8273 1232 7352 0569\"" msgstr "\"8273 1232 7352 0569\"" -#: src/testing/solution.md -msgid "// This is the buggy version that appears in the problem.\n" -msgstr "// This is the buggy version that appears in the problem.\n" +#: src/testing/solution.md:4 +msgid "// This is the buggy version that appears in the problem." +msgstr "// 这是问题中出现的有缺陷的版本。" -#: src/testing/solution.md -msgid "// This is the solution and passes all of the tests below.\n" -msgstr "// This is the solution and passes all of the tests below.\n" +#: src/testing/solution.md:27 +msgid "// This is the solution and passes all of the tests below." +msgstr "// 这是解决方案，并通过了下面的所有测试。" -#: src/testing/solution.md +#: src/testing/solution.md:56 msgid "\"1234 5678 1234 5670\"" msgstr "\"1234 5678 1234 5670\"" -#: src/testing/solution.md +#: src/testing/solution.md:58 msgid "\"Is {cc_number} a valid credit card number? {}\"" msgstr "\"Is {cc_number} a valid credit card number? {}\"" -#: src/testing/solution.md +#: src/testing/solution.md:59 msgid "\"yes\"" msgstr "\"yes\"" -#: src/testing/solution.md +#: src/testing/solution.md:59 msgid "\"no\"" msgstr "\"no\"" -#: src/testing/solution.md +#: src/testing/solution.md:84 msgid "\"foo 0 0\"" msgstr "\"foo 0 0\"" -#: src/testing/solution.md +#: src/testing/solution.md:90 msgid "\" \"" msgstr "\" \"" -#: src/testing/solution.md +#: src/testing/solution.md:91 msgid "\" \"" msgstr "\" \"" -#: src/testing/solution.md +#: src/testing/solution.md:92 msgid "\" \"" msgstr "\" \"" -#: src/testing/solution.md +#: src/testing/solution.md:97 msgid "\"0\"" msgstr "\"0\"" -#: src/testing/solution.md +#: src/testing/solution.md:102 msgid "\" 0 0 \"" msgstr "\" 0 0 \"" -#: src/welcome-day-4-afternoon.md -msgid "[Error Handling](./error-handling.md) (45 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/welcome-day-4-afternoon.md -msgid "[Unsafe Rust](./unsafe-rust.md) (1 hour and 5 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/welcome-day-4-afternoon.md -msgid "Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 2 hours" -msgstr "" - -#: src/error-handling.md -msgid "[Panics](./error-handling/panics.md) (3 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/error-handling.md -msgid "[Try Operator](./error-handling/try.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/error-handling.md -msgid "[Try Conversions](./error-handling/try-conversions.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" - #: src/error-handling.md -msgid "[Error Trait](./error-handling/error.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" +msgid "Error Trait" +msgstr "Error 特征" #: src/error-handling.md -msgid "" -"[thiserror and anyhow](./error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" +msgid "thiserror and anyhow" +msgstr "thiserror 和 anyhow" -#: src/error-handling.md -msgid "" -"[Exercise: Rewriting with Result](./error-handling/exercise.md) (20 minutes)" -msgstr "" +#: src/error-handling.md src/error-handling/exercise.md:1 +msgid "Exercise: Rewriting with Result" +msgstr "练习：使用 Result 进行重写" -#: src/error-handling/panics.md +#: src/error-handling/panics.md:3 msgid "Rust handles fatal errors with a \"panic\"." msgstr "Rust 通过 “panic”机制处理严重错误。" -#: src/error-handling/panics.md +#: src/error-handling/panics.md:5 msgid "Rust will trigger a panic if a fatal error happens at runtime:" msgstr "如果运行时发生严重错误，Rust 会触发 panic：" -#: src/error-handling/panics.md -msgid "\"v[100]: {}\"" +#: src/error-handling/panics.md:10 +msgid "\"v\\[100\\]: {}\"" msgstr "\"v[100]: {}\"" -#: src/error-handling/panics.md +#: src/error-handling/panics.md:14 msgid "Panics are for unrecoverable and unexpected errors." msgstr "Panic 用于指示不可恢复的意外错误。" -#: src/error-handling/panics.md +#: src/error-handling/panics.md:15 msgid "Panics are symptoms of bugs in the program." msgstr "Panic反映了程序中的 bug 问题。" -#: src/error-handling/panics.md +#: src/error-handling/panics.md:16 msgid "Runtime failures like failed bounds checks can panic" msgstr "运行时失败（例如边界检查失败）可能会触发 panic" -#: src/error-handling/panics.md +#: src/error-handling/panics.md:17 msgid "Assertions (such as `assert!`) panic on failure" msgstr "断言（例如 `assert!`）在失败时会触发 panic" -#: src/error-handling/panics.md +#: src/error-handling/panics.md:18 msgid "Purpose-specific panics can use the `panic!` macro." msgstr "针对特定用途的 panic 可以使用 `panic!` 宏。" -#: src/error-handling/panics.md +#: src/error-handling/panics.md:19 msgid "" -"A panic will \"unwind\" the stack, dropping values just as if the functions " -"had returned." +"A panic will \"unwind\" the stack, dropping values just as if the functions had returned." msgstr "使用 panic 会 “展开”堆栈，并丢弃对应的值，就像函数已经返回一样。" -#: src/error-handling/panics.md -msgid "" -"Use non-panicking APIs (such as `Vec::get`) if crashing is not acceptable." +#: src/error-handling/panics.md:21 +msgid "Use non-panicking APIs (such as `Vec::get`) if crashing is not acceptable." msgstr "如果崩溃不可接受，请使用不会触发 panic 的 API（例如 `Vec::get`）。" -#: src/error-handling/panics.md -msgid "" -"By default, a panic will cause the stack to unwind. The unwinding can be " -"caught:" +#: src/error-handling/panics.md:26 +msgid "By default, a panic will cause the stack to unwind. The unwinding can be caught:" msgstr "默认情况下，panic 会导致堆栈展开。您可以捕获展开信息：" -#: src/error-handling/panics.md +#: src/error-handling/panics.md:32 msgid "\"No problem here!\"" msgstr "\"No problem here!\"" -#: src/error-handling/panics.md +#: src/error-handling/panics.md:33 src/error-handling/panics.md:38 msgid "\"{result:?}\"" msgstr "\"{result:?}\"" -#: src/error-handling/panics.md +#: src/error-handling/panics.md:36 msgid "\"oh no!\"" msgstr "\"oh no!\"" -#: src/error-handling/panics.md -msgid "" -"Catching is unusual; do not attempt to implement exceptions with " -"`catch_unwind`!" +#: src/error-handling/panics.md:42 +msgid "Catching is unusual; do not attempt to implement exceptions with `catch_unwind`!" msgstr "捕获异常；请勿尝试使用 `catch_unwind` 实现异常！" -#: src/error-handling/panics.md +#: src/error-handling/panics.md:44 msgid "" -"This can be useful in servers which should keep running even if a single " -"request crashes." -msgstr "" -"如果服务器需要持续运行（即使是在请求发生崩溃的情况下）， 此方法十分有用。" +"This can be useful in servers which should keep running even if a single request crashes." +msgstr "如果服务器需要持续运行（即使是在请求发生崩溃的情况下）， 此方法十分有用。" -#: src/error-handling/panics.md +#: src/error-handling/panics.md:46 msgid "This does not work if `panic = 'abort'` is set in your `Cargo.toml`." msgstr "如果您在 `Cargo.toml` 中设置了 `panic = 'abort'`，此方法不会生效。" -#: src/error-handling/try.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/error-handling/try.md:3 msgid "" -"Runtime errors like connection-refused or file-not-found are handled with " -"the `Result` type, but matching this type on every call can be cumbersome. " -"The try-operator `?` is used to return errors to the caller. It lets you " -"turn the common" +"Runtime errors like connection-refused or file-not-found are handled with the `Result` " +"type, but matching this type on every call can be cumbersome. The try-operator `?` is " +"used to return errors to the caller. It lets you turn the common" msgstr "" -"运行时错误（如连接遭拒或未找到文件）使用 `Result` 类型进行处理，但在每次调用" -"中匹配此类型会很繁琐。try 运算符 `?` 用于将错误返回给调用方。它能将常用命令" +"运行时错误，比如连接被拒绝或文件未找到，使用 `Result` 类型来处理，但是在每次调用中匹配这" +"种类型可能会很麻烦。`try` 运算符 `?` 用于将错误返回给调用者。它允许你将常见" -#: src/error-handling/try.md +#: src/error-handling/try.md:15 msgid "into the much simpler" msgstr "转换成更简单的命令" -#: src/error-handling/try.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/error-handling/try.md:21 msgid "We can use this to simplify our error handling code:" msgstr "我们可以用它来简化错误处理代码：" -#: src/error-handling/try.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/error-handling/try.md:42 msgid "//fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"alice\").unwrap();" -msgstr "//fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"alice\").unwrap();\n" +msgstr "//fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"alice\").unwrap();" -#: src/error-handling/try.md src/error-handling/try-conversions.md -#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md +#: src/error-handling/try.md:43 src/error-handling/try-conversions.md:65 +#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md:36 msgid "\"config.dat\"" msgstr "\"config.dat\"" -#: src/error-handling/try.md src/error-handling/try-conversions.md +#: src/error-handling/try.md:44 src/error-handling/try-conversions.md:66 msgid "\"username or error: {username:?}\"" msgstr "\"username or error: {username:?}\"" -#: src/error-handling/try.md +#: src/error-handling/try.md:51 msgid "Simplify the `read_username` function to use `?`." msgstr "简化 `read_username` 函数以使用 `?`。" -#: src/error-handling/try.md +#: src/error-handling/try.md:55 msgid "The `username` variable can be either `Ok(string)` or `Err(error)`." msgstr "`username` 变量可以是 `Ok(string)` 或 `Err(error)`。" -#: src/error-handling/try.md +#: src/error-handling/try.md:56 msgid "" -"Use the `fs::write` call to test out the different scenarios: no file, empty " -"file, file with username." -msgstr "" -"可以使用 `fs::write` 调用来测试不同的场景：没有文件、空文件、包含用户名的文" -"件。" +"Use the `fs::write` call to test out the different scenarios: no file, empty file, file " +"with username." +msgstr "可以使用 `fs::write` 调用来测试不同的场景：没有文件、空文件、包含用户名的文件。" -#: src/error-handling/try.md +#: src/error-handling/try.md:58 msgid "" -"Note that `main` can return a `Result<(), E>` as long as it implements `std::" -"process:Termination`. In practice, this means that `E` implements `Debug`. " -"The executable will print the `Err` variant and return a nonzero exit status " -"on error." +"Note that `main` can return a `Result<(), E>` as long as it implements `std::process::" +"Termination`. In practice, this means that `E` implements `Debug`. The executable will " +"print the `Err` variant and return a nonzero exit status on error." msgstr "" -"请注意，`main` 函数只要实现 `std::process:Terality`，就可以返回 `Result<(), " -"E>`。在实践中，这意味着 `E` 会实现 `Debug`。可执行文件将输出 `Err` 变体，并在" -"出现错误时返回非零退出状态。" +"请注意，`main` 函数只要实现 `std::process:Terality`，就可以返回 `Result<(), E>`。在实践" +"中，这意味着 `E` 会实现 `Debug`。可执行文件将输出 `Err` 变体，并在出现错误时返回非零退出" +"状态。" -#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md +#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md:3 msgid "" -"The effective expansion of `?` is a little more complicated than previously " -"indicated:" +"The effective expansion of `?` is a little more complicated than previously indicated:" msgstr "`?` 的有效展开比前面介绍的内容略微复杂一些：" -#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md +#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md:10 msgid "works the same as" msgstr "效果等同于" -#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md:19 msgid "" -"The `From::from` call here means we attempt to convert the error type to the " -"type returned by the function. This makes it easy to encapsulate errors into " -"higher-level errors." +"The `From::from` call here means we attempt to convert the error type to the type " +"returned by the function. This makes it easy to encapsulate errors into higher-level " +"errors." msgstr "" -"此处的 `From::from` 调用表示，我们尝试将错误类型转换为 函数返回的类型：" +"`From::from` 在这里的调用意味着我们尝试将错误类型转换为函数返回的类型。这使得将错误封装到" +"更高级别的错误中变得容易。" -#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md +#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md:42 msgid "\"IO error: {e}\"" msgstr "\"IO error: {e}\"" -#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md:43 msgid "\"Found no username in {path}\"" -msgstr "\"Found no username in {0}\"" +msgstr "“Found no username in {path}”" -#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md -#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "//fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"\").unwrap();" -msgstr "//fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"\").unwrap();\n" +#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md:64 +msgid "//std::fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"\").unwrap();" +msgstr "//std::fs::write(“config.dat”, “”).unwrap();" -#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md +#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md:73 msgid "" -"The `?` operator must return a value compatible with the return type of the " -"function. For `Result`, it means that the error types have to be compatible. " -"A function that returns `Result` can only use `?` on a value " -"of type `Result` if `ErrorOuter` and `ErrorInner` are the " -"same type or if `ErrorOuter` implements `From`." +"The `?` operator must return a value compatible with the return type of the function. " +"For `Result`, it means that the error types have to be compatible. A function that " +"returns `Result` can only use `?` on a value of type `Result` if `ErrorOuter` and `ErrorInner` are the same type or if `ErrorOuter` " +"implements `From`." msgstr "" +"`?` 运算符必须返回与函数的返回类型兼容的值。对于 `Result`，这意味着错误类型必须是兼容的。" +"如果一个函数返回 `Result`，则只有当 `ErrorOuter` 和 `ErrorInner` 是相同类" +"型，或者 `ErrorOuter` 实现了 `From` 时，该函数才能在类型为 `Result` 的值上使用 `?` 运算符。" -#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md +#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md:79 msgid "" -"A common alternative to a `From` implementation is `Result::map_err`, " -"especially when the conversion only happens in one place." -msgstr "" -"`From` 实现的常见替代方案是 `Result::map_err`，尤其是只在一个位置进行转换时。" +"A common alternative to a `From` implementation is `Result::map_err`, especially when " +"the conversion only happens in one place." +msgstr "`From` 实现的常见替代方案是 `Result::map_err`，尤其是只在一个位置进行转换时。" -#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md +#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md:82 msgid "" -"There is no compatibility requirement for `Option`. A function returning " -"`Option` can use the `?` operator on `Option` for arbitrary `T` and " -"`U` types." +"There is no compatibility requirement for `Option`. A function returning `Option` can " +"use the `?` operator on `Option` for arbitrary `T` and `U` types." msgstr "" +"对于 `Option`，不存在兼容性要求。一个返回 `Option` 的函数可以在任意的 `T` 和 `U` 类型" +"上使用 `?` 运算符来处理 `Option`。" -#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md +#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md:86 msgid "" -"A function that returns `Result` cannot use `?` on `Option` and vice versa. " -"However, `Option::ok_or` converts `Option` to `Result` whereas `Result::ok` " -"turns `Result` into `Option`." +"A function that returns `Result` cannot use `?` on `Option` and vice versa. However, " +"`Option::ok_or` converts `Option` to `Result` whereas `Result::ok` turns `Result` into " +"`Option`." msgstr "" +"一个返回 `Result` 的函数不能在 `Option` 上使用 `?`，反之亦然。然而，`Option::ok_or` 将 " +"`Option` 转换为 `Result`，而 `Result::ok` 将 `Result` 转换为 `Option`。" -#: src/error-handling/error.md +#: src/error-handling/error.md:1 msgid "Dynamic Error Types" msgstr "动态错误类型" -#: src/error-handling/error.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/error-handling/error.md:3 msgid "" -"Sometimes we want to allow any type of error to be returned without writing " -"our own enum covering all the different possibilities. The `std::error::" -"Error` trait makes it easy to create a trait object that can contain any " -"error." +"Sometimes we want to allow any type of error to be returned without writing our own enum " +"covering all the different possibilities. The `std::error::Error` trait makes it easy to " +"create a trait object that can contain any error." msgstr "" -"有时，我们需要允许返回任意类型的错误，但又不想自己手动编写枚举来涵盖所有不同" -"的可能性。 `std::error::Error` 可以让我们轻松做到这一点。" +"有时我们希望允许返回任何类型的错误，而无需编写自己的枚举来覆盖所有不同的可能性。`std::" +"error::Error` trait 可以很容易地创建一个 trait 对象，该对象可以包含任何错误。" -#: src/error-handling/error.md +#: src/error-handling/error.md:20 src/error-handling/error.md:21 msgid "\"count.dat\"" msgstr "\"count.dat\"" -#: src/error-handling/error.md +#: src/error-handling/error.md:20 msgid "\"1i3\"" msgstr "\"1i3\"" -#: src/error-handling/error.md +#: src/error-handling/error.md:22 msgid "\"Count: {count}\"" msgstr "\"Count: {count}\"" -#: src/error-handling/error.md +#: src/error-handling/error.md:23 msgid "\"Error: {err}\"" msgstr "\"Error: {err}\"" -#: src/error-handling/error.md +#: src/error-handling/error.md:31 msgid "" -"The `read_count` function can return `std::io::Error` (from file operations) " -"or `std::num::ParseIntError` (from `String::parse`)." +"The `read_count` function can return `std::io::Error` (from file operations) or `std::" +"num::ParseIntError` (from `String::parse`)." msgstr "" -"`read_count` 函数可以返回 `std::io::Error`（通过文件操作）或 `std::num::" -"ParseIntError`（通过 `String::parse`）。" +"`read_count` 函数可以返回 `std::io::Error`（通过文件操作）或 `std::num::ParseIntError`" +"（通过 `String::parse`）。" -#: src/error-handling/error.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/error-handling/error.md:34 msgid "" -"Boxing errors saves on code, but gives up the ability to cleanly handle " -"different error cases differently in the program. As such it's generally not " -"a good idea to use `Box` in the public API of a library, but it " -"can be a good option in a program where you just want to display the error " -"message somewhere." +"Boxing errors saves on code, but gives up the ability to cleanly handle different error " +"cases differently in the program. As such it's generally not a good idea to use `Box` in the public API of a library, but it can be a good option in a program where " +"you just want to display the error message somewhere." msgstr "" -"虽然这可以省却编写代码的麻烦，但也会导致我们无法在程序中以不同的方式正常处理" -"不同的 错误情况。因此，在库的公共 API 中使用 `Box` 通常不是一个好" -"主意。 但是对于您只需要在某处显示错误消息的程序来说，这不失为一个 很好的选" -"择。" +"将错误封装为 `Box` 可以节省代码，但放弃了在程序中清晰地处理不同的错误情况的能" +"力。因此，在库的公共 API 中使用 `Box` 通常不是一个好主意，但在一个只想在某处显" +"示错误消息的程序中，它可能是一个不错的选择。" -#: src/error-handling/error.md +#: src/error-handling/error.md:40 msgid "" -"Make sure to implement the `std::error::Error` trait when defining a custom " -"error type so it can be boxed. But if you need to support the `no_std` " -"attribute, keep in mind that the `std::error::Error` trait is currently " -"compatible with `no_std` in [nightly](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/" -"issues/103765) only." +"Make sure to implement the `std::error::Error` trait when defining a custom error type " +"so it can be boxed. But if you need to support the `no_std` attribute, keep in mind that " +"the `std::error::Error` trait is currently compatible with `no_std` in nightly only." msgstr "" +"当定义自定义错误类型时，请确保实现 `std::error::Error` trait，以便将其封装为 `Box`。但" +"是，如果你需要支持 `no_std` 属性，请记住，目前 `std::error::Error` trait 仅在 Nightly 版" +"中与 `no_std` 兼容。" -#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"The [`thiserror`](https://docs.rs/thiserror/) and [`anyhow`](https://docs.rs/" -"anyhow/) crates are widely used to simplify error handling." -msgstr "" -"[`thiserror`](https://docs.rs/thiserror/) 和 [`anyhow`](https://docs.rs/" -"anyhow/) crate 用于简化错误处理。`thiserror` 有助于创建实现 `From` 的自定" -"义错误类型。`anyhow` 有助于处理函数中的错误，包括为错误添加上下文信息。" +#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md:3 +msgid "The `thiserror` and `anyhow` crates are widely used to simplify error handling." +msgstr "`thiserror` 和 `anyhow` crate 被广泛用于简化错误处理。" -#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md +#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md:7 msgid "" -"`thiserror` is often used in libraries to create custom error types that " -"implement `From`." -msgstr "" +"`thiserror` is often used in libraries to create custom error types that implement " +"`From`." +msgstr "`thiserror` 经常用于库中创建自定义错误类型，这些错误类型实现了 `From`。" -#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md +#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md:9 msgid "" -"`anyhow` is often used by applications to help with error handling in " -"functions, including adding contextual information to your errors." -msgstr "" +"`anyhow` is often used by applications to help with error handling in functions, " +"including adding contextual information to your errors." +msgstr "`anyhow` 经常被应用程序用于在函数中帮助处理错误，包括为错误添加上下文信息。" -#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md +#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md:19 msgid "\"Found no username in {0}\"" msgstr "\"Found no username in {0}\"" -#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md +#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md:25 msgid "\"Failed to open {path}\"" msgstr "\"Failed to open {path}\"" -#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md +#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md:27 msgid "\"Failed to read\"" msgstr "\"Failed to read\"" -#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md +#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md:35 +msgid "//fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"\").unwrap();" +msgstr "//fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"\").unwrap();" + +#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md:37 msgid "\"Username: {username}\"" msgstr "\"Username: {username}\"" -#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md +#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md:38 msgid "\"Error: {err:?}\"" msgstr "\"Error: {err:?}\"" -#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md +#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md:46 msgid "`thiserror`" -msgstr "" +msgstr "`thiserror`" -#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md:48 msgid "" -"The `Error` derive macro is provided by `thiserror`, and has lots of useful " -"attributes to help define error types in a compact way." +"The `Error` derive macro is provided by `thiserror`, and has lots of useful attributes " +"to help define error types in a compact way." msgstr "" -"`Error` 派生宏由 `thiserror` 提供，并且具有许多有用的属性（例如 " -"`#[error]`），有助于定义有用的错误类型。" +"`Error` 派生宏由 `thiserror` 提供，并且具有许多有用的属性（例如 `#[error]`），有助于定义" +"有用的错误类型。" -#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md +#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md:50 msgid "The `std::error::Error` trait is derived automatically." -msgstr "" +msgstr "`std::error::Error` trait 可以自动派生。" -#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md +#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md:51 msgid "The message from `#[error]` is used to derive the `Display` trait." -msgstr "" +msgstr "`#[error]` 中的消息用于派生 `Display` trait。" -#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md +#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md:53 msgid "`anyhow`" -msgstr "" +msgstr "`anyhow`" -#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md:55 msgid "" -"`anyhow::Error` is essentially a wrapper around `Box`. As such " -"it's again generally not a good choice for the public API of a library, but " -"is widely used in applications." -msgstr "”是“Result\\”的类型别名。" +"`anyhow::Error` is essentially a wrapper around `Box`. As such it's again " +"generally not a good choice for the public API of a library, but is widely used in " +"applications." +msgstr "" +"`anyhow::Error` 本质上是 `Box` 的包装器。因此，它通常不是库的公共 API 的一个好" +"选择，但在应用程序中被广泛使用。" -#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md:58 msgid "`anyhow::Result` is a type alias for `Result`." -msgstr "“anyhow::Result" +msgstr "`anyhow::Result` 是 `Result` 的类型别名。" -#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"Actual error type inside of it can be extracted for examination if necessary." -msgstr "“anyhow::Error”本质上是“Box" +#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md:59 +msgid "Actual error type inside of it can be extracted for examination if necessary." +msgstr "如果需要，可以提取其中的实际错误类型以进行检查。" -#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md:60 msgid "" -"Functionality provided by `anyhow::Result` may be familiar to Go " -"developers, as it provides similar usage patterns and ergonomics to `(T, " -"error)` from Go." +"Functionality provided by `anyhow::Result` may be familiar to Go developers, as it " +"provides similar usage patterns and ergonomics to `(T, error)` from Go." msgstr "" -"”的封装容器。因此，就像前面提到的那样，在库的公共 API 中 使用它通常不是一个好" -"主意。但是它广泛用于应用中。\n" -"\n" -"如果需要，可以提取其内部的实际错误类型进行检查。\n" -"\n" -"Go 开发者可能会十分熟悉 `anyhow::Result` 提供的功能， 因为它的使用模式和工" -"效学设计与 Go 的 `(T, error)` 方法十分相似。" +"`anyhow::Result` 提供的功能可能对 Go 开发人员来说很熟悉，因为它提供了类似于 Go 中的 " +"`(T, error)` 的使用模式和人性化设计。" -#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md +#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md:63 msgid "" -"`anyhow::Context` is a trait implemented for the standard `Result` and " -"`Option` types. `use anyhow::Context` is necessary to enable `.context()` " -"and `.with_context()` on those types." +"`anyhow::Context` is a trait implemented for the standard `Result` and `Option` types. " +"`use anyhow::Context` is necessary to enable `.context()` and `.with_context()` on those " +"types." msgstr "" +"`anyhow::Context` 是为标准的 `Result` 和 `Option` 类型实现的一个 trait。需要使用 `use " +"anyhow::Context` 来在这些类型上启用 `.context()` 和 `.with_context()`。" -#: src/error-handling/exercise.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "Exercise: Rewriting with Result" -msgstr "练习：使用 Result 进行重写" - -#: src/error-handling/exercise.md +#: src/error-handling/exercise.md:3 msgid "" -"The following implements a very simple parser for an expression language. " -"However, it handles errors by panicking. Rewrite it to instead use idiomatic " -"error handling and propagate errors to a return from `main`. Feel free to " -"use `thiserror` and `anyhow`." +"The following implements a very simple parser for an expression language. However, it " +"handles errors by panicking. Rewrite it to instead use idiomatic error handling and " +"propagate errors to a return from `main`. Feel free to use `thiserror` and `anyhow`." msgstr "" -"以下代码实现了一个非常简单的表达式语言解析器。不过，它通过 panic 机制来处理错" -"误。请重写该代码，改用惯用的错误处理方式，并将错误传播到 `main` 函数的返回" -"值。您可以随意使用 `thiserror` 和 `anyhow`。" +"以下代码实现了一个非常简单的表达式语言解析器。不过，它通过 panic 机制来处理错误。请重写该" +"代码，改用惯用的错误处理方式，并将错误传播到 `main` 函数的返回值。您可以随意使用 " +"`thiserror` 和 `anyhow`。" -#: src/error-handling/exercise.md +#: src/error-handling/exercise.md:8 msgid "" -"HINT: start by fixing error handling in the `parse` function. Once that is " -"working correctly, update `Tokenizer` to implement " -"`Iterator>` and handle that in the parser." +"HINT: start by fixing error handling in the `parse` function. Once that is working " +"correctly, update `Tokenizer` to implement `Iterator>` and handle that in the parser." msgstr "" -"提示：请先修复 `parse` 函数中的错误处理问题。该部分正常运行后，请更新 " -"`Tokenizer` 以实现 `Iterator>`，并在解析器" -"中进行相应处理。" +"提示：请先修复 `parse` 函数中的错误处理问题。该部分正常运行后，请更新 `Tokenizer` 以实现 " +"`Iterator>`，并在解析器中进行相应处理。" -#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md -msgid "/// An arithmetic operator.\n" -msgstr "/// An arithmetic operator.\n" +#: src/error-handling/exercise.md:15 src/error-handling/solution.md:9 +msgid "/// An arithmetic operator." +msgstr "/// 算术运算符。" -#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md -msgid "/// A token in the expression language.\n" -msgstr "/// A token in the expression language.\n" +#: src/error-handling/exercise.md:22 src/error-handling/solution.md:16 +msgid "/// A token in the expression language." +msgstr "/// 表达式语言中的一个标记。" -#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md -msgid "/// An expression in the expression language.\n" -msgstr "/// An expression in the expression language.\n" +#: src/error-handling/exercise.md:30 src/error-handling/solution.md:24 +msgid "/// An expression in the expression language." +msgstr "/// 表达式语言中的一个表达式。" -#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md -msgid "/// A reference to a variable.\n" -msgstr "/// A reference to a variable.\n" +#: src/error-handling/exercise.md:34 src/error-handling/solution.md:28 +msgid "/// A reference to a variable." +msgstr "/// 对变量的引用。" -#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md -msgid "/// A literal number.\n" -msgstr "/// A literal number.\n" +#: src/error-handling/exercise.md:36 src/error-handling/solution.md:30 +msgid "/// A literal number." +msgstr "/// 字面数字。" -#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md -msgid "/// A binary operation.\n" -msgstr "/// A binary operation.\n" - -#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md -msgid "'z'" -msgstr "'z'" +#: src/error-handling/exercise.md:38 src/error-handling/solution.md:32 +msgid "/// A binary operation." +msgstr "/// 一个二元操作。" -#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md -msgid "'_'" -msgstr "'_'" +#: src/error-handling/exercise.md:60 src/error-handling/solution.md:60 +#: src/error-handling/solution.md:75 +msgid "'\\_'" +msgstr "‘\\_’" -#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md +#: src/error-handling/exercise.md:76 src/error-handling/solution.md:76 msgid "'+'" msgstr "'+'" -#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md +#: src/error-handling/exercise.md:77 src/error-handling/solution.md:77 msgid "'-'" msgstr "'-'" -#: src/error-handling/exercise.md +#: src/error-handling/exercise.md:78 msgid "\"Unexpected character {c}\"" msgstr "\"Unexpected character {c}\"" -#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md +#: src/error-handling/exercise.md:88 src/error-handling/solution.md:87 msgid "\"Unexpected end of input\"" msgstr "\"Unexpected end of input\"" -#: src/error-handling/exercise.md +#: src/error-handling/exercise.md:92 msgid "\"Invalid 32-bit integer'\"" msgstr "\"Invalid 32-bit integer'\"" -#: src/error-handling/exercise.md +#: src/error-handling/exercise.md:96 src/error-handling/exercise.md:106 msgid "\"Unexpected token {tok:?}\"" msgstr "\"Unexpected token {tok:?}\"" -#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md -msgid "// Look ahead to parse a binary operation if present.\n" -msgstr "// Look ahead to parse a binary operation if present.\n" +#: src/error-handling/exercise.md:98 src/error-handling/solution.md:110 +msgid "// Look ahead to parse a binary operation if present." +msgstr "// 如果存在，向前查看以解析二元操作。" -#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md +#: src/error-handling/exercise.md:114 src/error-handling/solution.md:127 msgid "\"10+foo+20-30\"" msgstr "\"10+foo+20-30\"" -#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md +#: src/error-handling/exercise.md:115 src/error-handling/solution.md:128 msgid "\"{expr:?}\"" msgstr "\"{expr:?}\"" -#: src/error-handling/solution.md +#: src/error-handling/solution.md:42 msgid "\"Unexpected character '{0}' in input\"" msgstr "\"Unexpected character '{0}' in input\"" -#: src/error-handling/solution.md +#: src/error-handling/solution.md:85 msgid "\"Tokenizer error: {0}\"" msgstr "\"Tokenizer error: {0}\"" -#: src/error-handling/solution.md +#: src/error-handling/solution.md:89 msgid "\"Unexpected token {0:?}\"" msgstr "\"Unexpected token {0:?}\"" -#: src/error-handling/solution.md +#: src/error-handling/solution.md:91 msgid "\"Invalid number\"" msgstr "\"Invalid number\"" #: src/unsafe-rust.md -msgid "[Unsafe](./unsafe-rust/unsafe.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/unsafe-rust.md -msgid "" -"[Dereferencing Raw Pointers](./unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md) (10 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/unsafe-rust.md -msgid "[Mutable Static Variables](./unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/unsafe-rust.md -msgid "[Unions](./unsafe-rust/unions.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/unsafe-rust.md -msgid "[Unsafe Functions](./unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/unsafe-rust.md -msgid "[Unsafe Traits](./unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md) (5 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/unsafe-rust.md -msgid "[Exercise: FFI Wrapper](./unsafe-rust/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" -msgstr "" - -#: src/unsafe-rust.md -msgid "This segment should take about 1 hour and 5 minutes" -msgstr "" +msgid "This segment should take about 1 hour and 5 minutes. It contains:" +msgstr "这个课程大约需要1小时5分钟。它包含：" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md:3 msgid "The Rust language has two parts:" msgstr "Rust 语言包含两个部分：" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md:5 msgid "**Safe Rust:** memory safe, no undefined behavior possible." msgstr "\\*\\*安全 Rust：\\*\\*内存安全，没有潜在的未定义行为。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md -msgid "" -"**Unsafe Rust:** can trigger undefined behavior if preconditions are " -"violated." +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md:6 +msgid "**Unsafe Rust:** can trigger undefined behavior if preconditions are violated." msgstr "\\*\\*不安全 Rust：\\*\\*如果违反了前提条件，可能会触发未定义的行为。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md:8 msgid "" -"We saw mostly safe Rust in this course, but it's important to know what " -"Unsafe Rust is." -msgstr "" -"本课程中出现的大多为“安全 Rust”，但是了解“不安全 Rust”的定义 非常重要。" +"We saw mostly safe Rust in this course, but it's important to know what Unsafe Rust is." +msgstr "我们在这门课程中主要看到了安全的 Rust，但了解什么是不安全的 Rust 也很重要。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md:11 msgid "" -"Unsafe code is usually small and isolated, and its correctness should be " -"carefully documented. It is usually wrapped in a safe abstraction layer." +"Unsafe code is usually small and isolated, and its correctness should be carefully " +"documented. It is usually wrapped in a safe abstraction layer." msgstr "" -"不安全的代码通常内容很少而且与其他代码隔离， 其正确性也应得到仔细记录。这类代" -"码通常封装在安全的抽象层中。" +"不安全的代码通常内容很少而且与其他代码隔离， 其正确性也应得到仔细记录。这类代码通常封装在" +"安全的抽象层中。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md:14 msgid "Unsafe Rust gives you access to five new capabilities:" msgstr "不安全 Rust 提供了五种新功能：" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md:16 msgid "Dereference raw pointers." msgstr "解引用原始指针。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md:17 msgid "Access or modify mutable static variables." msgstr "访问或修改可变的静态变量。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md:18 msgid "Access `union` fields." msgstr "访问 `union` 字段。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md:19 msgid "Call `unsafe` functions, including `extern` functions." msgstr "调用 `unsafe` 函数，包括 `extern` 函数。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md:20 msgid "Implement `unsafe` traits." msgstr "实现 `unsafe` trait。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md:22 msgid "" -"We will briefly cover unsafe capabilities next. For full details, please see " -"[Chapter 19.1 in the Rust Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch19-01-" -"unsafe-rust.html) and the [Rustonomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/)." +"We will briefly cover unsafe capabilities next. For full details, please see Chapter " +"19.1 in the Rust Book and the Rustonomicon." msgstr "" -"下面，我们将简要介绍这些不安全功能。如需了解完整详情，请参阅 [《Rust 手册》" -"第 19.1 章](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch19-01-unsafe-rust.html) 和 " -"[Rustonomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/)。" +"接下来我们将简要介绍不安全的功能。有关完整详情，请参阅《Rust 书》的第19.1章和" +"《Rustonomicon》。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md:29 msgid "" -"Unsafe Rust does not mean the code is incorrect. It means that developers " -"have turned off some compiler safety features and have to write correct code " -"by themselves. It means the compiler no longer enforces Rust's memory-safety " -"rules." +"Unsafe Rust does not mean the code is incorrect. It means that developers have turned " +"off some compiler safety features and have to write correct code by themselves. It means " +"the compiler no longer enforces Rust's memory-safety rules." msgstr "" -"不安全 Rust 并不意味着代码不正确，而是这意味着开发者已停用 编译器的安全功能，" -"必须自行编写正确的 代码。也就是说，编译器不再强制执行 Rust 的内存安全规则。" +"不安全的 Rust 并不意味着代码是错误的。它意味着开发者已经关闭了一些编译器的安全特性，并且" +"必须自己编写正确的代码。这意味着编译器不再强制执行 Rust 的内存安全规则。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md:3 msgid "Creating pointers is safe, but dereferencing them requires `unsafe`:" msgstr "创建指针是安全的操作，但解引用指针需要使用 `unsafe` 方法：" -#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md:7 msgid "\"careful!\"" msgstr "\"careful!\"" -#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md -msgid "// Safe because r1 and r2 were obtained from references and so are" -msgstr "" - -#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md:12 msgid "" -"// guaranteed to be non-null and properly aligned, the objects underlying" -msgstr "" - -#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md -msgid "// the references from which they were obtained are live throughout the" -msgstr "" - -#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md -msgid "// whole unsafe block, and they are not accessed either through the" -msgstr "" - -#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md -msgid "// references or concurrently through any other pointers." +"// SAFETY: r1 and r2 were obtained from references and so are guaranteed to // be non-" +"null and properly aligned, the objects underlying the references // from which they were " +"obtained are live throughout the whole unsafe // block, and they are not accessed either " +"through the references or // concurrently through any other pointers." msgstr "" +"// 安全性：r1 和 r2 是从引用中获取的，因此保证是非空且正确对齐的，从中获取引用的对象底层" +"是整个不安全块期间都存活的，并且它们不会通过引用或者通过任何其他指针同时访问。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md:18 msgid "\"r1 is: {}\"" msgstr "\"r1 is: {}\"" -#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md:19 msgid "\"uhoh\"" msgstr "\"uhoh\"" -#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md:20 msgid "\"r2 is: {}\"" msgstr "\"r2 is: {}\"" -#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md -msgid "// NOT SAFE. DO NOT DO THIS." -msgstr "" - -#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md -msgid "/*" +#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md:23 +msgid "" +"// NOT SAFE. DO NOT DO THIS. /\\* let r3: &String = unsafe { &\\*r1 }; drop(s); println!" +"(\"r3 is: {}\", \\*r3); \\*/" msgstr "" +"// 不安全的。不要这样做。 /* let r3: &String = unsafe { &*r1 }; drop(s); println!(“r3 " +"is: {}”, *r3); */" -#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md:35 msgid "" -"It is good practice (and required by the Android Rust style guide) to write " -"a comment for each `unsafe` block explaining how the code inside it " -"satisfies the safety requirements of the unsafe operations it is doing." +"It is good practice (and required by the Android Rust style guide) to write a comment " +"for each `unsafe` block explaining how the code inside it satisfies the safety " +"requirements of the unsafe operations it is doing." msgstr "" -"我们建议（而且 Android Rust 样式指南要求）为每个 `unsafe` 代码块编写一条注" -"释， 说明该代码块中的代码如何满足其所执行的不安全操作的 安全要求。" +"我们建议（而且 Android Rust 样式指南要求）为每个 `unsafe` 代码块编写一条注释， 说明该代码" +"块中的代码如何满足其所执行的不安全操作的 安全要求。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md:39 msgid "" -"In the case of pointer dereferences, this means that the pointers must be " -"[_valid_](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ptr/index.html#safety), i.e.:" -msgstr "" -"对于指针解除引用，这意味着指针必须为 [_valid_](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" -"ptr/index.html#safety)，即：" +"In the case of pointer dereferences, this means that the pointers must be _valid_, i.e.:" +msgstr "在指针解引用的情况下，这意味着指针必须是*有效的*，即：" -#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md:42 msgid "The pointer must be non-null." msgstr "指针必须为非 null。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md:43 msgid "" -"The pointer must be _dereferenceable_ (within the bounds of a single " -"allocated object)." +"The pointer must be _dereferenceable_ (within the bounds of a single allocated object)." msgstr "指针必须是 _dereferenceable_（在单个已分配对象的边界内）。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md:45 msgid "The object must not have been deallocated." msgstr "对象不得已取消分配。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md:46 msgid "There must not be concurrent accesses to the same location." msgstr "不得并发访问相同位置。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md:47 msgid "" -"If the pointer was obtained by casting a reference, the underlying object " -"must be live and no reference may be used to access the memory." +"If the pointer was obtained by casting a reference, the underlying object must be live " +"and no reference may be used to access the memory." msgstr "" -"如果通过转换引用类型来获取指针，则底层对象必须处于活跃状态， 而且不得使用任何" -"引用来访问内存。" +"如果通过转换引用类型来获取指针，则底层对象必须处于活跃状态， 而且不得使用任何引用来访问内" +"存。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md:50 msgid "In most cases the pointer must also be properly aligned." msgstr "在大多数情况下，指针还必须正确对齐。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md:52 msgid "" -"The \"NOT SAFE\" section gives an example of a common kind of UB bug: `*r1` " -"has the `'static` lifetime, so `r3` has type `&'static String`, and thus " -"outlives `s`. Creating a reference from a pointer requires _great care_." +"The \"NOT SAFE\" section gives an example of a common kind of UB bug: `*r1` has the " +"`'static` lifetime, so `r3` has type `&'static String`, and thus outlives `s`. Creating " +"a reference from a pointer requires _great care_." msgstr "" -"“不安全”部分给出了一个常见 UB bug 的示例：`*r1` 的生命周期为 `'static`，因此 " -"`r3` 为 `&'static String` 类型，存在时间比 `s` 更长。从指针创建引用需要 _特别" -"注意_。" +"“不安全”部分给出了一个常见类型的 UB（未定义行为）错误的例子：`*r1` 的生命周期是 " +"`’static`，因此 `r3` 的类型是 `&’static String`，因此超出了 `s` 的生命周期。从指针创建引" +"用需要 _非常小心_。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md:3 msgid "It is safe to read an immutable static variable:" msgstr "读取不可变的静态变量是安全的操作：" -#: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md:6 msgid "\"Hello, world!\"" -msgstr "Hello World!" +msgstr "“Hello, world!”" -#: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md:9 msgid "\"HELLO_WORLD: {HELLO_WORLD}\"" msgstr "\"HELLO_WORLD: {HELLO_WORLD}\"" -#: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md:13 msgid "" -"However, since data races can occur, it is unsafe to read and write mutable " -"static variables:" +"However, since data races can occur, it is unsafe to read and write mutable static " +"variables:" msgstr "但是，读取和写入可变的静态变量是不安全的，因为这可能会 造成数据争用：" -#: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md:20 src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md:29 +msgid "// SAFETY: There are no other threads which could be accessing `COUNTER`." +msgstr "// 安全性：没有其他线程可以访问 `COUNTER`。" + +#: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md:31 msgid "\"COUNTER: {COUNTER}\"" msgstr "\"COUNTER: {COUNTER}\"" -#: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md:39 msgid "" -"The program here is safe because it is single-threaded. However, the Rust " -"compiler is conservative and will assume the worst. Try removing the " -"`unsafe` and see how the compiler explains that it is undefined behavior to " -"mutate a static from multiple threads." +"The program here is safe because it is single-threaded. However, the Rust compiler is " +"conservative and will assume the worst. Try removing the `unsafe` and see how the " +"compiler explains that it is undefined behavior to mutate a static from multiple threads." msgstr "" -"此处的程序是安全的，因为它是单线程的。不过，Rust 编译器比较保守，会做出最坏的" -"假设。请尝试移除 `unsafe`，看看编译器如何解释从多个线程中修改静态变量是一种未" -"定义的行为。" +"此处的程序是安全的，因为它是单线程的。不过，Rust 编译器比较保守，会做出最坏的假设。请尝试" +"移除 `unsafe`，看看编译器如何解释从多个线程中修改静态变量是一种未定义的行为。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md:44 msgid "" -"Using a mutable static is generally a bad idea, but there are some cases " -"where it might make sense in low-level `no_std` code, such as implementing a " -"heap allocator or working with some C APIs." +"Using a mutable static is generally a bad idea, but there are some cases where it might " +"make sense in low-level `no_std` code, such as implementing a heap allocator or working " +"with some C APIs." msgstr "" -"通常，我们不建议使用可变的静态变量，但在某些情况下，在低层级 `no_std` 代码中" -"可能需要这样做， 例如实现堆分配器或使用某些 C API。" +"通常，我们不建议使用可变的静态变量，但在某些情况下，在低层级 `no_std` 代码中可能需要这样" +"做， 例如实现堆分配器或使用某些 C API。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md:3 msgid "Unions are like enums, but you need to track the active field yourself:" msgstr "联合体与枚举类似，但您需要自行跟踪活跃字段：" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md:14 msgid "\"int: {}\"" msgstr "\"int: {}\"" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md:15 msgid "\"bool: {}\"" msgstr "\"bool: {}\"" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md:15 msgid "// Undefined behavior!" -msgstr "Rust 没有运行时未定义行为：" +msgstr "// 未定义行为！" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md:22 msgid "" -"Unions are very rarely needed in Rust as you can usually use an enum. They " -"are occasionally needed for interacting with C library APIs." +"Unions are very rarely needed in Rust as you can usually use an enum. They are " +"occasionally needed for interacting with C library APIs." msgstr "" -"在 Rust 中很少需要用到联合体，因为您通常可以使用枚举。联合体只是偶尔用于 与 " -"C 库 API 进行交互。" +"在 Rust 中很少需要用到联合体，因为您通常可以使用枚举。联合体只是偶尔用于 与 C 库 API 进行" +"交互。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md:25 msgid "" -"If you just want to reinterpret bytes as a different type, you probably want " -"[`std::mem::transmute`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/mem/fn." -"transmute.html) or a safe wrapper such as the [`zerocopy`](https://crates.io/" -"crates/zerocopy) crate." +"If you just want to reinterpret bytes as a different type, you probably want `std::mem::" +"transmute` or a safe wrapper such as the `zerocopy` crate." msgstr "" -"如果您只是想将字节重新解释为其他类型，则可能需要使用 [`std::mem::transmute`]" -"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/mem/fn.transmute.html) 或 安全的封装容" -"器，例如 [`zerocopy`](https://crates.io/crates/zerocopy) crate。" +"如果你只想将字节重新解释为不同的类型，你可能想要使用 `std::mem::transmute` 或者一个安全的" +"封装，比如 `zerocopy` crate。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md:3 src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md:76 msgid "Calling Unsafe Functions" msgstr "调用 Unsafe 函数" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md:5 msgid "" -"A function or method can be marked `unsafe` if it has extra preconditions " -"you must uphold to avoid undefined behaviour:" +"A function or method can be marked `unsafe` if it has extra preconditions you must " +"uphold to avoid undefined behaviour:" msgstr "" -"如果函数或方法具有额外的前提条件，您必须遵守这些前提条件来避免未定义的行为， " -"则可以将该函数或方法标记为 `unsafe`：" +"如果函数或方法具有额外的前提条件，您必须遵守这些前提条件来避免未定义的行为， 则可以将该函" +"数或方法标记为 `unsafe`：" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md -#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md src/android/interoperability/with-c.md -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md -#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md:9 src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:91 +#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:41 src/android/interoperability/with-c.md:9 +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:15 +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:30 +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md:29 +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md:38 +#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md:8 src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md:21 +#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md:19 src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md:24 +#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md:23 +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:43 msgid "\"C\"" msgstr "\"C\"" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md:14 msgid "\"🗻∈🌏\"" msgstr "\"🗻∈🌏\"" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md:16 msgid "" -"// Safe because the indices are in the correct order, within the bounds of" -msgstr "" -"// Safe because the indices are in the correct order, within the bounds of\n" -" // the string slice, and lie on UTF-8 sequence boundaries.\n" - -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md -msgid "// the string slice, and lie on UTF-8 sequence boundaries." -msgstr "" +"// SAFETY: The indices are in the correct order, within the bounds of the // string " +"slice, and lie on UTF-8 sequence boundaries." +msgstr "// 安全性：索引按正确的顺序排列，在字符串切片的范围内，并位于 UTF-8 序列边界上。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md:19 src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md:20 +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md:21 msgid "\"emoji: {}\"" msgstr "\"emoji: {}\"" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md:24 msgid "\"char count: {}\"" msgstr "\"char count: {}\"" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "// Undefined behavior if abs misbehaves." -msgstr "Rust 没有运行时未定义行为：" +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md:26 +msgid "" +"// SAFETY: `abs` doesn't deal with pointers and doesn't have any safety // requirements." +msgstr "// 安全性：`abs` 不处理指针，也没有任何安全性要求。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md:29 msgid "\"Absolute value of -3 according to C: {}\"" msgstr "\"Absolute value of -3 according to C: {}\"" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md -msgid "// Not upholding the UTF-8 encoding requirement breaks memory safety!" -msgstr "" - -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md -msgid "// println!(\"emoji: {}\", unsafe { emojis.get_unchecked(0..3) });" -msgstr "" - -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md -msgid "// println!(\"char count: {}\", count_chars(unsafe {" -msgstr "" - -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md -msgid "// emojis.get_unchecked(0..3) }));" +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md:32 +msgid "" +"// Not upholding the UTF-8 encoding requirement breaks memory safety! // println!" +"(\"emoji: {}\", unsafe { emojis.get_unchecked(0..3) }); // println!(\"char count: {}\", " +"count_chars(unsafe { // emojis.get_unchecked(0..3) }));" msgstr "" +"// 不维护 UTF-8 编码要求会破坏内存安全！\n" +"// println!(“emoji: {}”, unsafe { emojis.get_unchecked(0..3) });\n" +"// println!(“char count: {}”, count_chars(unsafe { emojis.get_unchecked(0..3) }));" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md:43 src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md:88 msgid "Writing Unsafe Functions" msgstr "编写 Unsafe 函数" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md:45 msgid "" -"You can mark your own functions as `unsafe` if they require particular " -"conditions to avoid undefined behaviour." -msgstr "" -"如果您自己编写的函数需要满足特定条件以避免未定义的行为， 您可以将这些函数标记" -"为 `unsafe`。" - -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md -msgid "/// Swaps the values pointed to by the given pointers." +"You can mark your own functions as `unsafe` if they require particular conditions to " +"avoid undefined behaviour." msgstr "" +"如果您自己编写的函数需要满足特定条件以避免未定义的行为， 您可以将这些函数标记为 " +"`unsafe`。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md -msgid "/// # Safety" -msgstr "" - -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "/// The pointers must be valid and properly aligned." -msgstr "在大多数情况下，指针还必须正确对齐。" +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md:49 +msgid "" +"/// Swaps the values pointed to by the given pointers. /// /// # Safety /// /// The " +"pointers must be valid and properly aligned." +msgstr "/// 交换给定指针指向的值。 /// /// # 安全性 /// /// 指针必须有效且正确对齐。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "// Safe because ..." -msgstr "// Safe because ...\n" +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md:64 +msgid "// SAFETY: ..." +msgstr "// 安全： …" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md:69 msgid "\"a = {}, b = {}\"" msgstr "\"a = {}, b = {}\"" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md:78 msgid "" -"`get_unchecked`, like most `_unchecked` functions, is unsafe, because it can " -"create UB if the range is incorrect. `abs` is incorrect for a different " -"reason: it is an external function (FFI). Calling external functions is " -"usually only a problem when those functions do things with pointers which " -"might violate Rust's memory model, but in general any C function might have " -"undefined behaviour under any arbitrary circumstances." +"`get_unchecked`, like most `_unchecked` functions, is unsafe, because it can create UB " +"if the range is incorrect. `abs` is incorrect for a different reason: it is an external " +"function (FFI). Calling external functions is usually only a problem when those " +"functions do things with pointers which might violate Rust's memory model, but in " +"general any C function might have undefined behaviour under any arbitrary circumstances." msgstr "" -"这个问题通常仅存在于使用指针执行违反 Rust 内存模型的操作的外部函数中。 但一般" -"而言，任何 C 函数都有可能在任意情况下出现未定义行为。" +"`get_unchecked`，像大多数 `_unchecked` 函数一样，是不安全的，因为如果范围不正确，它可能会" +"导致 UB。对于 `abs` 来说，它之所以不正确是因为它是一个外部函数（FFI）。调用外部函数通常只" +"有在这些函数使用指针并可能违反 Rust 的内存模型时才会有问题，但一般来说，任何 C 函数在任何" +"情况下都可能具有未定义的行为。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md -msgid "" -"The `\"C\"` in this example is the ABI; [other ABIs are available too]" -"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/items/external-blocks.html)." -msgstr "" -"本例中的“C”是 ABI；[也可以使用其他 ABI](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/" -"items/external-blocks.html)。" +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md:85 +msgid "The `\"C\"` in this example is the ABI; other ABIs are available too." +msgstr "在这个例子中的 `”C”` 是 ABI（应用程序二进制接口）；还有其他可用的 ABI。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md:90 msgid "" -"We wouldn't actually use pointers for a `swap` function - it can be done " -"safely with references." -msgstr "实际上，我们不会这样使用指针，因为使用引用可以安全地达到相同的目的。" +"We wouldn't actually use pointers for a `swap` function - it can be done safely with " +"references." +msgstr "实际上，我们不会为 `swap` 函数使用指针——它可以使用引用安全地完成。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md:93 msgid "" -"Note that unsafe code is allowed within an unsafe function without an " -"`unsafe` block. We can prohibit this with `#[deny(unsafe_op_in_unsafe_fn)]`. " -"Try adding it and see what happens. This will likely change in a future Rust " -"edition." +"Note that unsafe code is allowed within an unsafe function without an `unsafe` block. We " +"can prohibit this with `#[deny(unsafe_op_in_unsafe_fn)]`. Try adding it and see what " +"happens. This will likely change in a future Rust edition." msgstr "" -"请注意，在不安全函数中，可以在没有 `unsafe` 代码块的情况下使用不安全代码。我" -"们可以 使用 `#[deny(unsafe_op_in_unsafe_fn)]` 来禁止此行为。请尝试添加该命" -"令，看看会出现什么情况。" +"请注意，在不带 `unsafe` 块的不安全函数中允许使用不安全代码。我们可以通过 " +"`#[deny(unsafe_op_in_unsafe_fn)]` 来禁止这种行为。尝试添加它并观察结果。这可能会在未来的 " +"Rust 版本中发生变化。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md:1 msgid "Implementing Unsafe Traits" msgstr "实现 Unsafe Trait" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md:3 msgid "" -"Like with functions, you can mark a trait as `unsafe` if the implementation " -"must guarantee particular conditions to avoid undefined behaviour." +"Like with functions, you can mark a trait as `unsafe` if the implementation must " +"guarantee particular conditions to avoid undefined behaviour." msgstr "" -"与函数一样，如果您在实现某个 trait 时必须保证特定条件来避免未定义的行为， 您" -"也可以将该 trait 标记为 `unsafe`。" +"与函数一样，如果您在实现某个 trait 时必须保证特定条件来避免未定义的行为， 您也可以将该 " +"trait 标记为 `unsafe`。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md:6 msgid "" -"For example, the `zerocopy` crate has an unsafe trait that looks [something " -"like this](https://docs.rs/zerocopy/latest/zerocopy/trait.AsBytes.html):" -msgstr "" -"例如，`zerocopy` crate 包含一个不安全的 trait， [大致内容是这样的](https://" -"docs.rs/zerocopy/latest/zerocopy/trait.AsBytes.html)：" +"For example, the `zerocopy` crate has an unsafe trait that looks something like this:" +msgstr "例如，`zerocopy` crate 有一个不安全的 trait，看起来类似于这样：" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "/// ..." -msgstr "// ...\n" - -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "/// The type must have a defined representation and no padding." -msgstr "" -"/// ...\n" -"/// # Safety\n" -"/// The type must have a defined representation and no padding.\n" +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md:12 +msgid "" +"/// ... /// # Safety /// The type must have a defined representation and no padding." +msgstr "/// … /// # 安全性 /// 类型必须具有定义的表示形式，且没有填充。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "// Safe because u32 has a defined representation and no padding." -msgstr "// Safe because u32 has a defined representation and no padding.\n" +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md:26 +msgid "// SAFETY: `u32` has a defined representation and no padding." +msgstr "// 安全性：`u32` 具有定义的表示形式，且没有填充。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md:34 msgid "" -"There should be a `# Safety` section on the Rustdoc for the trait explaining " -"the requirements for the trait to be safely implemented." +"There should be a `# Safety` section on the Rustdoc for the trait explaining the " +"requirements for the trait to be safely implemented." msgstr "" -"在 Rustdoc 中有关 trait 的章节下，有一个标题为 `# 安全` 的部分介绍了 安全实" -"现 trait 的要求。" +"在 Rustdoc 中有关 trait 的章节下，有一个标题为 `# 安全` 的部分介绍了 安全实现 trait 的要" +"求。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md -msgid "" -"The actual safety section for `AsBytes` is rather longer and more " -"complicated." +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md:37 +msgid "The actual safety section for `AsBytes` is rather longer and more complicated." msgstr "实际上，与 `AsBytes` 相关的安全说明远比这里展示的更详尽、更复杂。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md:39 msgid "The built-in `Send` and `Sync` traits are unsafe." msgstr "内置的 `Send` 和 `Sync` trait 都是不安全的。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:1 msgid "Safe FFI Wrapper" msgstr "安全 FFI 封装容器" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:3 msgid "" -"Rust has great support for calling functions through a _foreign function " -"interface_ (FFI). We will use this to build a safe wrapper for the `libc` " -"functions you would use from C to read the names of files in a directory." +"Rust has great support for calling functions through a _foreign function interface_ " +"(FFI). We will use this to build a safe wrapper for the `libc` functions you would use " +"from C to read the names of files in a directory." msgstr "" -"Rust 为通过 _外部函数接口_ (FFI) 调用函数提供了出色的支持。我们将使用它为 " -"`libc` 函数构建一个安全封装容器，用于从 C 代码中读取目录中的文件名称。" +"Rust 为通过 _外部函数接口_ (FFI) 调用函数提供了出色的支持。我们将使用它为 `libc` 函数构建" +"一个安全封装容器，用于从 C 代码中读取目录中的文件名称。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:7 msgid "You will want to consult the manual pages:" msgstr "建议您参考以下手册页面：" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md -msgid "[`opendir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/opendir.3.html)" -msgstr "[`opendir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/opendir.3.html)" +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:9 +msgid "`opendir(3)`" +msgstr "`opendir(3)`" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md -msgid "[`readdir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/readdir.3.html)" -msgstr "[`readdir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/readdir.3.html)" +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:10 +msgid "`readdir(3)`" +msgstr "`readdir(3)`" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md -msgid "[`closedir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/closedir.3.html)" -msgstr "[`closedir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/closedir.3.html)" +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:11 +msgid "`closedir(3)`" +msgstr "`closedir(3)`" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:13 msgid "" -"You will also want to browse the [`std::ffi`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" -"ffi/) module. There you find a number of string types which you need for the " -"exercise:" -msgstr "" -"您还需要浏览[“std::ffi”](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/)模块。在下方，您" -"会发现完成这个练习所需的多种字符串类型：" +"You will also want to browse the `std::ffi` module. There you find a number of string " +"types which you need for the exercise:" +msgstr "你还会想要浏览 `std::ffi` 模块。在那里，你会找到一些你在练习中需要的字符串类型：" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:16 msgid "Encoding" msgstr "编码" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:16 msgid "Use" msgstr "使用" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md -msgid "" -"[`str`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/primitive.str.html) and [`String`]" -"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html)" -msgstr "" -"[“str”](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/primitive.str.html)和[“String”]" -"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html)" +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:18 +msgid "`str` and `String`" +msgstr "`str` 和 `String`" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:18 msgid "UTF-8" msgstr "UTF-8" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:18 msgid "Text processing in Rust" msgstr "用 Rust 进行文本处理" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md -msgid "" -"[`CStr`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.CStr.html) and [`CString`]" -"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.CString.html)" -msgstr "" -"[“CStr”](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.CStr.html)和[“CString”]" -"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.CString.html)" +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:19 +msgid "`CStr` and `CString`" +msgstr "`CStr` 和 `CString`" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:19 msgid "NUL-terminated" msgstr "以空字符结尾" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:19 msgid "Communicating with C functions" msgstr "与 C 函数通信" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md -msgid "" -"[`OsStr`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.OsStr.html) and " -"[`OsString`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.OsString.html)" -msgstr "" -"[“OsStr”](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.OsStr.html)和[“OsString”]" -"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.OsString.html)" +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:20 +msgid "`OsStr` and `OsString`" +msgstr "`OsStr` 和 `OsString`" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:20 msgid "OS-specific" msgstr "特定于操作系统" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:20 msgid "Communicating with the OS" msgstr "与操作系统通信" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:22 msgid "You will convert between all these types:" msgstr "您将在以下所有类型之间进行转换：" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md -msgid "" -"`&str` to `CString`: you need to allocate space for a trailing `\\0` " -"character," +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:24 +msgid "`&str` to `CString`: you need to allocate space for a trailing `\\0` character," msgstr "将 `&str` 转换为 `CString`：您需要为尾随 `\\0` 字符分配空格，" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:25 msgid "`CString` to `*const i8`: you need a pointer to call C functions," msgstr "将 `CString` 转换为 `\\*const i8` ：您需要一个指针来调用 C 函数，" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:26 msgid "" -"`*const i8` to `&CStr`: you need something which can find the trailing `\\0` " -"character," -msgstr "" -"将 `\\*const i8` 转换为 `&CStr` ：您需要一些能够找到尾随 `\\0` 字符的内容，" +"`*const i8` to `&CStr`: you need something which can find the trailing `\\0` character," +msgstr "将 `\\*const i8` 转换为 `&CStr` ：您需要一些能够找到尾随 `\\0` 字符的内容，" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:28 msgid "" -"`&CStr` to `&[u8]`: a slice of bytes is the universal interface for \"some " -"unknown data\"," -msgstr "" -"将 `&CStr` 转换为 `&\\[u8\\]` ：一个字节 Slice 是“一些未知数据”的通用接口，" +"`&CStr` to `&[u8]`: a slice of bytes is the universal interface for \"some unknown " +"data\"," +msgstr "`&CStr` 到 `&[u8]`：字节片是“某些未知数据”的通用接口，" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:30 msgid "" -"`&[u8]` to `&OsStr`: `&OsStr` is a step towards `OsString`, use [`OsStrExt`]" -"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/os/unix/ffi/trait.OsStrExt.html) to create it," +"`&[u8]` to `&OsStr`: `&OsStr` is a step towards `OsString`, use `OsStrExt` to create it," msgstr "" -"将 `&\\[u8\\]` 转换为 `&OsStr` ：`&OsStr` 是向 `OsString` 迈进的一步，请使用" -"[`OsStrExt`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/os/unix/ffi/trait.OsStrExt.html)来" -"创建它，" +"`&[u8]` 到 `&OsStr`：`&OsStr` 是向 `OsString` 迈出的一步，使用 `OsStrExt` 来创建它，" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:33 msgid "" -"`&OsStr` to `OsString`: you need to clone the data in `&OsStr` to be able to " -"return it and call `readdir` again." +"`&OsStr` to `OsString`: you need to clone the data in `&OsStr` to be able to return it " +"and call `readdir` again." msgstr "" -"将“&OsStr”转换为“OsString”：您需要克隆“&OsStr”中的数据，以便能够返回它并再次" -"调用“readdir”。" +"将“&OsStr”转换为“OsString”：您需要克隆“&OsStr”中的数据，以便能够返回它并再次调" +"用“readdir”。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md -msgid "" -"The [Nomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/ffi.html) also has a very " -"useful chapter about FFI." -msgstr "" -"[秘典](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/ffi.html) 中也有一个关于 FFI 的非常" -"实用的章节。" +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:36 +msgid "The Nomicon also has a very useful chapter about FFI." +msgstr "《Rustonomicon》还有一个关于 FFI 的非常有用的章节。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:47 msgid "" -"Copy the code below to and fill in the missing " -"functions and methods:" -msgstr "" -"将以下代码复制到 ，并填入缺少的函数和方法：" +"Copy the code below to https://play.rust-lang.org/ and fill in the missing functions and " +"methods:" +msgstr "将下面的代码复制到 https://play.rust-lang.org/ 并填写缺失的函数和方法：" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:56 src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:69 +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:80 src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:94 +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:102 src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:6 +#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:19 src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:30 +#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:44 src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:52 msgid "\"macos\"" msgstr "\"macos\"" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md -msgid "// Opaque type. See https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/ffi.html.\n" -msgstr "// Opaque type. See https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/ffi.html.\n" +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:59 src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:9 +msgid "// Opaque type. See https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/ffi.html." +msgstr "// 不透明类型。请参阅 https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/ffi.html。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:66 src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:16 msgid "" -"// Layout according to the Linux man page for readdir(3), where ino_t and\n" -" // off_t are resolved according to the definitions in\n" -" // /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/{sys/types.h, bits/typesizes.h}.\n" +"// Layout according to the Linux man page for readdir(3), where ino_t and // off_t are " +"resolved according to the definitions in // /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/{sys/types.h, " +"bits/typesizes.h}." msgstr "" -"// Layout according to the Linux man page for readdir(3), where ino_t and\n" -" // off_t are resolved according to the definitions in\n" -" // /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/{sys/types.h, bits/typesizes.h}.\n" +"// 根据 Linux man 页面中 readdir(3) 的布局，其中 ino_t 和 off_t 根据 /usr/include/x86_64-" +"linux-gnu/{sys/types.h, bits/typesizes.h} 中的定义解析。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md -msgid "// Layout according to the macOS man page for dir(5).\n" -msgstr "// Layout according to the macOS man page for dir(5).\n" +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:79 src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:29 +msgid "// Layout according to the macOS man page for dir(5)." +msgstr "// 根据 macOS man 页面中 dir(5) 的布局。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:94 src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:102 +#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:44 src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:52 msgid "\"x86_64\"" msgstr "\"x86_64\"" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md -msgid "" -"// See https://github.com/rust-lang/libc/issues/414 and the section on\n" -" // _DARWIN_FEATURE_64_BIT_INODE in the macOS man page for stat(2).\n" -" //\n" -" // \"Platforms that existed before these updates were available\" " -"refers\n" -" // to macOS (as opposed to iOS / wearOS / etc.) on Intel and " -"PowerPC.\n" -msgstr "" -"// See https://github.com/rust-lang/libc/issues/414 and the section on\n" -" // _DARWIN_FEATURE_64_BIT_INODE in the macOS man page for stat(2).\n" -" //\n" -" // \"Platforms that existed before these updates were available\" " -"refers\n" -" // to macOS (as opposed to iOS / wearOS / etc.) on Intel and " -"PowerPC.\n" - -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:97 src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:47 +msgid "" +"// See https://github.com/rust-lang/libc/issues/414 and the section on // " +"\\_DARWIN_FEATURE_64_BIT_INODE in the macOS man page for stat(2). // // \"Platforms that " +"existed before these updates were available\" refers // to macOS (as opposed to iOS / " +"wearOS / etc.) on Intel and PowerPC." +msgstr "" +"// 参见 https://github.com/rust-lang/libc/issues/414 以及 macOS man 页面中 stat(2) 上的 " +"\\_DARWIN_FEATURE_64_BIT_INODE 部分。// // “Platforms that existed before these updates " +"were available” 指的是 macOS（与 iOS / wearOS / 等相对）。" + +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:103 src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:53 msgid "\"readdir$INODE64\"" msgstr "\"readdir$INODE64\"" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:121 src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:71 msgid "" -"// Call opendir and return a Ok value if that worked,\n" -" // otherwise return Err with a message." -msgstr "" -"// Call opendir and return a Ok value if that worked,\n" -" // otherwise return Err with a message.\n" +"// Call opendir and return a Ok value if that worked, // otherwise return Err with a " +"message." +msgstr "// 调用 opendir 并在成功时返回 Ok 值，否则返回带有消息的 Err。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:130 msgid "// Keep calling readdir until we get a NULL pointer back." -msgstr "// Keep calling readdir until we get a NULL pointer back.\n" +msgstr "// 持续调用 readdir，直到我们收到一个空指针。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:137 src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:105 msgid "// Call closedir as needed." -msgstr "// Call closedir as needed.\n" +msgstr "// 根据需要调用 closedir。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:143 src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:116 +#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:140 src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:155 +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:44 msgid "\".\"" msgstr "\".\"" -#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md:144 src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:117 msgid "\"files: {:#?}\"" msgstr "\"files: {:#?}\"" -#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md -msgid "" -"// Call opendir and return a Ok value if that worked,\n" -" // otherwise return Err with a message.\n" -msgstr "" -"// Call opendir and return a Ok value if that worked,\n" -" // otherwise return Err with a message.\n" - -#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:74 msgid "\"Invalid path: {err}\"" msgstr "\"Invalid path: {err}\"" -#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md -msgid "// SAFETY: path.as_ptr() cannot be NULL.\n" -msgstr "// SAFETY: path.as_ptr() cannot be NULL.\n" +#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:75 +msgid "// SAFETY: path.as_ptr() cannot be NULL." +msgstr "// 安全性：path.as_ptr() 不能为 NULL。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:78 msgid "\"Could not open {:?}\"" msgstr "\"Could not open {:?}\"" -#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:88 msgid "" -"// Keep calling readdir until we get a NULL pointer back.\n" -" // SAFETY: self.dir is never NULL.\n" -msgstr "" -"// Keep calling readdir until we get a NULL pointer back.\n" -" // SAFETY: self.dir is never NULL.\n" +"// Keep calling readdir until we get a NULL pointer back. // SAFETY: self.dir is never " +"NULL." +msgstr "// 持续调用 readdir，直到我们收到一个空指针。 安全性：self.dir 永远不会为 NULL。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md -msgid "// We have reached the end of the directory.\n" -msgstr "// We have reached the end of the directory.\n" +#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:92 +msgid "// We have reached the end of the directory." +msgstr "// 我们已经到达目录的末尾。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md -msgid "" -"// SAFETY: dirent is not NULL and dirent.d_name is NUL\n" -" // terminated.\n" -msgstr "" -"// SAFETY: dirent is not NULL and dirent.d_name is NUL\n" -" // terminated.\n" +#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:95 +msgid "// SAFETY: dirent is not NULL and dirent.d_name is NUL // terminated." +msgstr "// 安全性：dirent 不为 NULL，并且 dirent.d_name 是以 NUL 终止的。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md -msgid "// Call closedir as needed.\n" -msgstr "// Call closedir as needed.\n" +#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:107 +msgid "// SAFETY: self.dir is not NULL." +msgstr "// 安全性：self.dir 不为 NULL。" -#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md -msgid "// SAFETY: self.dir is not NULL.\n" -msgstr "// SAFETY: self.dir is not NULL.\n" - -#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:109 msgid "\"Could not close {:?}\"" msgstr "\"Could not close {:?}\"" -#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:128 msgid "\"no-such-directory\"" msgstr "\"no-such-directory\"" -#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:136 src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:151 msgid "\"Non UTF-8 character in path\"" msgstr "\"Non UTF-8 character in path\"" -#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:140 src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:155 msgid "\"..\"" msgstr "\"..\"" -#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:147 src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:155 msgid "\"foo.txt\"" msgstr "\"foo.txt\"" -#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:147 msgid "\"The Foo Diaries\\n\"" msgstr "\"The Foo Diaries\\n\"" -#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:148 src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:155 msgid "\"bar.png\"" msgstr "\"bar.png\"" -#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md -msgid "\"\\n\"" -msgstr "\"\\n\"" +#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:148 +msgid "\"\\\\n\"" +msgstr "“\\\\n”" -#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:149 src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:155 msgid "\"crab.rs\"" -msgstr "\"crab.rs\"" +msgstr "“crab.rs”" -#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md +#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md:149 msgid "\"//! Crab\\n\"" msgstr "\"//! Crab\\n\"" @@ -12269,133 +10362,87 @@ msgid "Welcome to Rust in Android" msgstr "欢迎来到Android 中的Rust" #: src/android.md -#, fuzzy msgid "" -"Rust is supported for system software on Android. This means that you can " -"write new services, libraries, drivers or even firmware in Rust (or improve " -"existing code as needed)." +"Rust is supported for system software on Android. This means that you can write new " +"services, libraries, drivers or even firmware in Rust (or improve existing code as " +"needed)." msgstr "" -"Rust 支持Android 的原生平台开发。这意味着您可以在Rust 中编写新的操作系统服" -"务，以及扩展现有服务。" +"Rust 在 Android 上支持系统软件。这意味着你可以使用 Rust 编写新的服务、库、驱动程序，甚至" +"固件（或根据需要改进现有代码）。" #: src/android.md msgid "" -"We will attempt to call Rust from one of your own projects today. So try to " -"find a little corner of your code base where we can move some lines of code " -"to Rust. The fewer dependencies and \"exotic\" types the better. Something " -"that parses some raw bytes would be ideal." +"We will attempt to call Rust from one of your own projects today. So try to find a " +"little corner of your code base where we can move some lines of code to Rust. The fewer " +"dependencies and \"exotic\" types the better. Something that parses some raw bytes would " +"be ideal." msgstr "" -"今天我们会尝试在你自己的项目中调用Rust。 所以试着在你的代码中找一小段来改成" -"Rust。 代码中越少依赖(dependencies)，越少“独特”的类型，越好。比如 一段解析原" -"始字符的代码就很理想。" +"今天我们会尝试在你自己的项目中调用Rust。 所以试着在你的代码中找一小段来改成Rust。 代码中" +"越少依赖(dependencies)，越少“独特”的类型，越好。比如 一段解析原始字符的代码就很理想。" #: src/android.md msgid "" -"The speaker may mention any of the following given the increased use of Rust " -"in Android:" +"The speaker may mention any of the following given the increased use of Rust in Android:" msgstr "鉴于 Android 中越来越多地使用 Rust，演讲者可能会提到以下任何一项：" #: src/android.md -msgid "" -"Service example: [DNS over HTTP](https://security.googleblog.com/2022/07/dns-" -"over-http3-in-android.html)" -msgstr "" -"服务示例：[DNS-over-HTTP](https://security.googleblog.com/2022/07/dns-over-" -"http3-in-android.html)" +msgid "Service example: DNS over HTTP" +msgstr "服务示例：使用 HTTP 进行 DNS 解析" #: src/android.md -msgid "" -"Libraries: [Rutabaga Virtual Graphics Interface](https://crosvm.dev/book/" -"appendix/rutabaga_gfx.html)" -msgstr "" -"库：[Rutabaga 虚拟图形接口](https://crosvm.dev/book/appendix/rutabaga_gfx." -"html)" +msgid "Libraries: Rutabaga Virtual Graphics Interface" +msgstr "库示例： Rutabaga 虚拟图形接口" #: src/android.md -msgid "" -"Kernel Drivers: [Binder](https://lore.kernel.org/rust-for-linux/20231101-" -"rust-binder-v1-0-08ba9197f637@google.com/)" -msgstr "" -"内核驱动程序：[Binder](https://lore.kernel.org/rust-for-linux/20231101-rust-" -"binder-v1-0-08ba9197f637@google.com/)" +msgid "Kernel Drivers: Binder" +msgstr "内核驱动示例：Binder" #: src/android.md -msgid "" -"Firmware: [pKVM firmware](https://security.googleblog.com/2023/10/bare-metal-" -"rust-in-android.html)" -msgstr "" -"固件：[pKVM 固件](https://security.googleblog.com/2023/10/bare-metal-rust-in-" -"android.html)" +msgid "Firmware: pKVM firmware" +msgstr "固件示例：pKVM 固件" #: src/android/setup.md -#, fuzzy msgid "" -"We will be using a Cuttlefish Android Virtual Device to test our code. Make " -"sure you have access to one or create a new one with:" +"We will be using a Cuttlefish Android Virtual Device to test our code. Make sure you " +"have access to one or create a new one with:" msgstr "" -"我们将会使用Android 虚拟设备（Android Virtual Device）来测试我们的代码。 确保" -"你有权限访问一个，或者用以下命令创建一个新的：" +"我们将使用 Cuttlefish Android 虚拟设备来测试我们的代码。确保您可以访问一个或者使用以下命" +"令创建一个新的：" #: src/android/setup.md -msgid "" -"Please see the [Android Developer Codelab](https://source.android.com/docs/" -"setup/start) for details." -msgstr "" -"更多细节请参考 [Android Developer Codelab](https://source.android.com/docs/" -"setup/start)." +msgid "Please see the Android Developer Codelab for details." +msgstr "请参阅 Android 开发者 Codelab 了解详情。" #: src/android/setup.md -#, fuzzy msgid "" -"Cuttlefish is a reference Android device designed to work on generic Linux " -"desktops. MacOS support is also planned." -msgstr "" -"Cuttlefish 是一款 Android 引用设备，专用于通用 Linux 桌面设备。此外，我们还计" -"划支持 MacOS。" +"Cuttlefish is a reference Android device designed to work on generic Linux desktops. " +"MacOS support is also planned." +msgstr "Cuttlefish 是一个用于通用 Linux 桌面的参考 Android 设备。同时也计划支持 macOS。" #: src/android/setup.md msgid "" -"The Cuttlefish system image maintains high fidelity to real devices, and is " -"the ideal emulator to run many Rust use cases." +"The Cuttlefish system image maintains high fidelity to real devices, and is the ideal " +"emulator to run many Rust use cases." msgstr "" -"Cuttlefish 系统映像会保持媲美真实设备的高保真度，是运行许多 Rust 用例的理想模" -"拟器。" +"Cuttlefish 系统映像会保持媲美真实设备的高保真度，是运行许多 Rust 用例的理想模拟器。" #: src/android/build-rules.md msgid "The Android build system (Soong) supports Rust via a number of modules:" msgstr "Android 构建系统（Soong）通过一系列模块来支持Rust：" #: src/android/build-rules.md -#, fuzzy msgid "Module Type" -msgstr "" -"\\| 模块类型 | 描" -"述 " -"| \\|—————————|——————————————————————————————————————————————————| \\| " -"`rust_binary` | Rust 二进制文" -"件。 " -"| \\| `rust_library` | 生成Rust 库，并且提供 `rlib` 和 `dylib` 变" -"体。 | \\| `rust_ffi` | 生成可由 cc 模块使用的 " -"Rust C 库，并提供静态和共享变体。 | \\| `rust_proc_macro` | 生成 proc-" -"macro Rust 库。 这些宏与编译器插件类似。 | \\| " -"`rust_test` | 生成使用标准 Rust 自动化测试框架的 Rust 测试二进制文" -"件。 | \\| `rust_fuzz` | 生成使用 " -"libfuzzer 的 Rust 模糊测试二进制文" -"件。 | \\| `rust_protobuf` | 生成源" -"代码，并生成为特定 protobuf 提供接口的 Rust 库。| \\| `rust_bindgen` | 生" -"成源代码，并生成包含与 C 库的 Rust 绑定的 Rust 库。｜" +msgstr "模块类型" #: src/android/build-rules.md msgid "Description" msgstr "描述" #: src/android/build-rules.md -#, fuzzy msgid "`rust_binary`" msgstr "`rust_binary`" #: src/android/build-rules.md -#, fuzzy msgid "Produces a Rust binary." msgstr "生成一个Rust二进制文件。" @@ -12408,14 +10455,13 @@ msgid "Produces a Rust library, and provides both `rlib` and `dylib` variants." msgstr "生成一个 Rust 库，并提供 `rlib` 和 `dylib` 两种变体。" #: src/android/build-rules.md -#, fuzzy msgid "`rust_ffi`" msgstr "`rust_ffi `" #: src/android/build-rules.md msgid "" -"Produces a Rust C library usable by `cc` modules, and provides both static " -"and shared variants." +"Produces a Rust C library usable by `cc` modules, and provides both static and shared " +"variants." msgstr "生成一个可由 `cc` 模块使用的 Rust C 库，并提供静态和共享两种变体。" #: src/android/build-rules.md @@ -12423,13 +10469,10 @@ msgid "`rust_proc_macro`" msgstr "`rust_proc_macro`" #: src/android/build-rules.md -msgid "" -"Produces a `proc-macro` Rust library. These are analogous to compiler " -"plugins." +msgid "Produces a `proc-macro` Rust library. These are analogous to compiler plugins." msgstr "生成“proc-macro”Rust 库。这些宏与编译器插件类似。" #: src/android/build-rules.md -#, fuzzy msgid "`rust_test`" msgstr "`rust_test `" @@ -12451,19 +10494,17 @@ msgstr "`rust_protobuf`" #: src/android/build-rules.md msgid "" -"Generates source and produces a Rust library that provides an interface for " -"a particular protobuf." +"Generates source and produces a Rust library that provides an interface for a particular " +"protobuf." msgstr "生成源代码并生成为特定 protobuf 提供接口的 Rust 库。" #: src/android/build-rules.md -#, fuzzy msgid "`rust_bindgen`" msgstr "`rust_bindgen`" #: src/android/build-rules.md msgid "" -"Generates source and produces a Rust library containing Rust bindings to C " -"libraries." +"Generates source and produces a Rust library containing Rust bindings to C libraries." msgstr "生成源代码并生成包含 Rust 绑定到 C 库的 Rust 库。" #: src/android/build-rules.md @@ -12476,37 +10517,27 @@ msgstr "演讲者可能会提及其他内容：" #: src/android/build-rules.md msgid "" -"Cargo is not optimized for multi-language repos, and also downloads packages " -"from the internet." +"Cargo is not optimized for multi-language repos, and also downloads packages from the " +"internet." msgstr "Cargo 未针对多语言代码库进行优化，并且从互联网下载软件包。" #: src/android/build-rules.md -#, fuzzy msgid "" -"For compliance and performance, Android must have crates in-tree. It must " -"also interop with C/C++/Java code. Soong fills that gap." +"For compliance and performance, Android must have crates in-tree. It must also interop " +"with C/C++/Java code. Soong fills that gap." msgstr "" -"为了确保合规性和性能，Android 必须具有树内 crate。它还必须与 C/C++/Java 代码" -"进行互操作。Soong 填补了这一空白。" +"为了确保合规性和性能，Android 必须具有树内 crate。它还必须与 C/C++/Java 代码进行互操作。" +"Soong 填补了这一空白。" #: src/android/build-rules.md msgid "" -"Soong has many similarities to Bazel, which is the open-source variant of " -"Blaze (used in google3)." -msgstr "" -"Soong 与 Bazel 有许多相似之处，后者是 Blaze 的开源变体（在 google3 中使用）。" +"Soong has many similarities to Bazel, which is the open-source variant of Blaze (used in " +"google3)." +msgstr "Soong 与 Bazel 有许多相似之处，后者是 Blaze 的开源变体（在 google3 中使用）。" #: src/android/build-rules.md -msgid "" -"There is a plan to transition [Android](https://source.android.com/docs/" -"setup/build/bazel/introduction), [ChromeOS](https://chromium.googlesource." -"com/chromiumos/bazel/), and [Fuchsia](https://source.android.com/docs/setup/" -"build/bazel/introduction) to Bazel." -msgstr "" -"我们计划逐渐在 [Android](https://source.android.com/docs/setup/build/bazel/" -"introduction)，[ChromeOS](https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromiumos/" -"bazel/) 和 [Fuchsia](https://source.android.com/docs/setup/build/bazel/" -"introduction) 中采用 Bazel 进行开发。" +msgid "There is a plan to transition Android, ChromeOS, and Fuchsia to Bazel." +msgstr "计划将Android、ChromeOS和Fuchsia转移到Bazel。" #: src/android/build-rules.md msgid "Learning Bazel-like build rules is useful for all Rust OS developers." @@ -12516,54 +10547,50 @@ msgstr "对所有 Rust 操作系统开发者而言，了解类似 Bazel 的构 msgid "Fun fact: Data from Star Trek is a Soong-type Android." msgstr "趣味小知识：《星际迷航》中的数据是 Soong 类型的 Android。" -#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md +#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md:1 msgid "Rust Binaries" msgstr "Rust 二进制文件" -#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md +#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md:3 msgid "" -"Let us start with a simple application. At the root of an AOSP checkout, " -"create the following files:" +"Let us start with a simple application. At the root of an AOSP checkout, create the " +"following files:" msgstr "让我们从一个简单的应用程序开始。在 AOSP 签出的根目录下，创建以下文件：" -#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md src/android/build-rules/library.md +#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md:6 src/android/build-rules/library.md:13 msgid "_hello_rust/Android.bp_:" msgstr "_hello_rust/Android.bp_:" -#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md:10 src/android/build-rules/binary.md:11 msgid "\"hello_rust\"" msgstr "\"hello_rust\"" -#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md src/android/build-rules/library.md +#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md:12 src/android/build-rules/library.md:19 #: src/android/logging.md -#, fuzzy msgid "\"src/main.rs\"" -msgstr "\"main.c\"" +msgstr "“src/main.rs”" -#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md src/android/build-rules/library.md +#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md:16 src/android/build-rules/library.md:34 msgid "_hello_rust/src/main.rs_:" msgstr "_hello_rust/src/main.rs_:" -#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md src/android/build-rules/library.md -msgid "//! Rust demo.\n" -msgstr "//! Rust demo.\n" +#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md:19 src/android/build-rules/library.md:37 +msgid "//! Rust demo." +msgstr "//! Rust演示。" -#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md src/android/build-rules/library.md -msgid "/// Prints a greeting to standard output.\n" -msgstr "/// Prints a greeting to standard output.\n" +#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md:20 src/android/build-rules/library.md:41 +msgid "/// Prints a greeting to standard output." +msgstr "/// 将问候语打印到标准输出。" -#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md:23 src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md:9 msgid "\"Hello from Rust!\"" -msgstr "\"Hello from Rust!\"" +msgstr "“Hello from Rust!”" -#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md +#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md:27 msgid "You can now build, push, and run the binary:" msgstr "你现在可以构建、推送和运行二进制文件：" -#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md:29 msgid "" "```shell\n" "m hello_rust\n" @@ -12572,109 +10599,93 @@ msgid "" "```" msgstr "" "```shell\n" -"m analyze_numbers\n" -"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/analyze_numbers /data/local/" -"tmp\"\n" -"adb shell /data/local/tmp/analyze_numbers\n" +"m hello_rust\n" +"adb push “$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/hello_rust” /data/local/tmp\n" +"adb shell /data/local/tmp/hello_rust\n" "```" -#: src/android/build-rules/library.md +#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:1 msgid "Rust Libraries" msgstr "Rust 库" -#: src/android/build-rules/library.md +#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:3 msgid "You use `rust_library` to create a new Rust library for Android." msgstr "您可以使用 `rust_library` 为 Android 创建一个新的 Rust 库。" -#: src/android/build-rules/library.md +#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:5 msgid "Here we declare a dependency on two libraries:" msgstr "在这里，我们声明了对两个库的依赖：" -#: src/android/build-rules/library.md +#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:7 msgid "`libgreeting`, which we define below," msgstr "`libgreeting`, 我们在下面进行了定义，" -#: src/android/build-rules/library.md -msgid "" -"`libtextwrap`, which is a crate already vendored in [`external/rust/crates/`]" -"(https://cs.android.com/android/platform/superproject/+/master:external/rust/" -"crates/)." -msgstr "" -"`libtextwrap`, 一个已经在 [`external/rust/crates/`](https://cs.android.com/" -"android/platform/superproject/+/master:external/rust/crates/) 中提供的 " -"crate。" +#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:8 +msgid "`libtextwrap`, which is a crate already vendored in `external/rust/crates/`." +msgstr "`libtextwrap`，它是已经在`external/rust/crates/`中供应的一个crate。" -#: src/android/build-rules/library.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:17 src/android/build-rules/library.md:18 msgid "\"hello_rust_with_dep\"" msgstr "\"hello_rust_with_dep\"" -#: src/android/build-rules/library.md +#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:21 src/android/build-rules/library.md:28 msgid "\"libgreetings\"" msgstr "\"libgreetings\"" -#: src/android/build-rules/library.md +#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:22 msgid "\"libtextwrap\"" msgstr "\"libtextwrap\"" -#: src/android/build-rules/library.md -msgid "// Need this to avoid dynamic link error.\n" -msgstr "" +#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:24 +msgid "// Need this to avoid dynamic link error." +msgstr "// 需要这个以避免动态链接错误。" -#: src/android/build-rules/library.md +#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:29 msgid "\"greetings\"" msgstr "\"greetings\"" -#: src/android/build-rules/library.md src/android/aidl/implementation.md -#: src/android/interoperability/java.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:30 src/android/aidl/example-service/service.md:28 +#: src/android/testing.md src/android/interoperability/java.md:39 msgid "\"src/lib.rs\"" -msgstr "\"lib.rs\"" +msgstr "“src/lib.rs”" -#: src/android/build-rules/library.md +#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:48 msgid "_hello_rust/src/lib.rs_:" msgstr "_hello_rust/src/lib.rs_:" -#: src/android/build-rules/library.md -msgid "//! Greeting library.\n" -msgstr "//! Greeting library.\n" +#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:51 +msgid "//! Greeting library." +msgstr "//! 问候库。" -#: src/android/build-rules/library.md -msgid "/// Greet `name`.\n" -msgstr "/// Greet `name`.\n" +#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:52 +msgid "/// Greet `name`." +msgstr "/// 向`name`打招呼。" -#: src/android/build-rules/library.md +#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:55 msgid "\"Hello {name}, it is very nice to meet you!\"" msgstr "\"Hello {name}, it is very nice to meet you!\"" -#: src/android/build-rules/library.md +#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:59 msgid "You build, push, and run the binary like before:" msgstr "您可以像之前一样构建、推送和运行二进制文件：" -#: src/android/build-rules/library.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:61 msgid "" "```shell\n" "m hello_rust_with_dep\n" -"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/hello_rust_with_dep\" /data/local/" -"tmp\n" +"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/hello_rust_with_dep\" /data/local/tmp\n" "adb shell /data/local/tmp/hello_rust_with_dep\n" "```" msgstr "" "```shell\n" -"m print_birthday_card\n" -"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/print_birthday_card /data/local/" -"tmp\"\n" -"adb shell /data/local/tmp/print_birthday_card\n" +"m hello_rust_with_dep\n" +"adb push “$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/hello_rust_with_dep” /data/local/tmp\n" +"adb shell /data/local/tmp/hello_rust_with_dep\n" "```" #: src/android/aidl.md -msgid "" -"The [Android Interface Definition Language (AIDL)](https://developer.android." -"com/guide/components/aidl) is supported in Rust:" -msgstr "" -"Rust 支持 [Android 接口定义语言 (AIDL)](https://developer.android.com/guide/" -"components/aidl)：" +msgid "The Android Interface Definition Language (AIDL) is supported in Rust:" +msgstr "Android接口定义语言（AIDL）在Rust中受到支持：" #: src/android/aidl.md msgid "Rust code can call existing AIDL servers," @@ -12684,288 +10695,975 @@ msgstr "Rust 代码可以调用现有的 AIDL 服务器，" msgid "You can create new AIDL servers in Rust." msgstr "您可以在 Rust 中创建新的 AIDL 服务器。" -#: src/android/aidl/interface.md +#: src/android/aidl/birthday-service.md:3 +msgid "" +"To illustrate how to use Rust with Binder, we're going to walk through the process of " +"creating a Binder interface. We're then going to both implement the described service " +"and write client code that talks to that service." +msgstr "" +"为了说明如何在Rust中使用Binder，我们将逐步介绍创建Binder接口的过程。然后，我们将实现所描" +"述的服务，并编写与该服务通信的客户端代码。" + +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/interface.md:1 msgid "AIDL Interfaces" msgstr "AIDL 接口" -#: src/android/aidl/interface.md +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/interface.md:3 msgid "You declare the API of your service using an AIDL interface:" msgstr "您可以使用 AIDL 接口声明您的服务的 API：" -#: src/android/aidl/interface.md -msgid "" -"_birthday_service/aidl/com/example/birthdayservice/IBirthdayService.aidl_:" -msgstr "" -"_birthday_service/aidl/com/example/birthdayservice/IBirthdayService.aidl_:" +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/interface.md:5 +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service-bindings.md:6 +msgid "_birthday_service/aidl/com/example/birthdayservice/IBirthdayService.aidl_:" +msgstr "_birthday_service/aidl/com/example/birthdayservice/IBirthdayService.aidl_:" -#: src/android/aidl/interface.md src/android/aidl/changing.md -msgid "/** Birthday service interface. */" -msgstr "/** Birthday service interface. */" +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/interface.md:8 +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service-bindings.md:9 +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-definition.md:8 +msgid "/\\*\\* Birthday service interface. \\*/" +msgstr "/\\*\\* Birthday service interface. \\*/" -#: src/android/aidl/interface.md src/android/aidl/changing.md -msgid "/** Generate a Happy Birthday message. */" -msgstr "/** Generate a Happy Birthday message. */" +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/interface.md:10 +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service-bindings.md:11 +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-definition.md:11 +msgid "/\\*\\* Generate a Happy Birthday message. \\*/" +msgstr "/\\*\\* Generate a Happy Birthday message. \\*/" -#: src/android/aidl/interface.md +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/interface.md:15 msgid "_birthday_service/aidl/Android.bp_:" msgstr "_birthday_service/aidl/Android.bp_:" -#: src/android/aidl/interface.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/interface.md:19 msgid "\"com.example.birthdayservice\"" -msgstr "\"com.example.birthdayservice\"" +msgstr "“com.example.birthdayservice”" -#: src/android/aidl/interface.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "\"com/example/birthdayservice/*.aidl\"" -msgstr "\"com.example.birthdayservice\"" +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/interface.md:20 +msgid "\"com/example/birthdayservice/\\*.aidl\"" +msgstr "“com/example/birthdayservice/\\*.aidl”" -#: src/android/aidl/interface.md -msgid "// Rust is not enabled by default\n" -msgstr "// Rust is not enabled by default\n" +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/interface.md:23 +msgid "// Rust is not enabled by default" +msgstr "// Rust默认未启用" -#: src/android/aidl/interface.md +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/interface.md:32 msgid "" -"Add `vendor_available: true` if your AIDL file is used by a binary in the " -"vendor partition." +"Note that the directory structure under the `aidl/` directory needs to match the package " +"name used in the AIDL file, i.e. the package is `com.example.birthdayservice` and the " +"file is at `aidl/com/example/IBirthdayService.aidl`." msgstr "" -"如果供应商分区中的二进制文件使用了您的 AIDL 文件，请添加 `vendor_available: " -"true`。" +"请注意，`aidl/`目录下的目录结构需要与AIDL文件中使用的包名匹配，即包名为`com.example." +"birthdayservice`，文件位于`aidl/com/example/IBirthdayService.aidl`。" + +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service-bindings.md:1 +msgid "Generated Service API" +msgstr "生成的服务API" + +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service-bindings.md:3 +msgid "" +"Binder generates a trait corresponding to the interface definition. trait to talk to the " +"service." +msgstr "Binder生成了一个与接口定义对应的trait，用于与服务进行通信。" + +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service-bindings.md:16 +msgid "_Generated trait_:" +msgstr "_生成的 Rust_ ：" + +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service-bindings.md:24 +msgid "" +"Your service will need to implement this trait, and your client will use this trait to " +"talk to the service." +msgstr "您的服务将需要实现这个trait，而您的客户端将使用这个trait与服务进行通信。" + +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service-bindings.md:29 +msgid "" +"The generated bindings can be found at `out/soong/.intermediates//`." +msgstr "生成的绑定可以在`out/soong/.intermediates/<模块路径>/`中找到。" + +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service-bindings.md:31 +msgid "" +"Point out how the generated function signature, specifically the argument and return " +"types, correspond the interface definition." +msgstr "指出生成的函数签名，特别是参数和返回类型，如何对应于接口定义。" -#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service-bindings.md:33 +msgid "" +"`String` for an argument results in a different Rust type than `String` as a return type." +msgstr "在参数中使用的`String`会导致与作为返回类型的`String`不同的Rust类型。" + +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service.md:1 msgid "Service Implementation" msgstr "服务实现" -#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service.md:3 msgid "We can now implement the AIDL service:" msgstr "我们现在可以实现AIDL服务：" -#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service.md:5 +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-implementation.md:5 msgid "_birthday_service/src/lib.rs_:" msgstr "_birthday_service/src/lib.rs_:" -#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md -msgid "//! Implementation of the `IBirthdayService` AIDL interface.\n" -msgstr "//! Implementation of the `IBirthdayService` AIDL interface.\n" - -#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "/// The `IBirthdayService` implementation.\n" -msgstr "`IBirthdayService`实现 " +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service.md:10 +msgid "/// The `IBirthdayService` implementation." +msgstr "/// `IBirthdayService`实现。" -#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service.md:18 +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-implementation.md:16 +#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md:57 msgid "\"Happy Birthday {name}, congratulations with the {years} years!\"" msgstr "\"Happy Birthday {name}, congratulations with the {years} years!\"" -#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md src/android/aidl/server.md -#: src/android/aidl/client.md +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service.md:23 +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md:28 +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md:31 msgid "_birthday_service/Android.bp_:" msgstr "_birthday_service/Android.bp_:" -#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md src/android/aidl/server.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service.md:27 +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md:38 msgid "\"libbirthdayservice\"" -msgstr "\"libbirthday.c\"" +msgstr "“libbirthdayservice”" -#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md src/android/aidl/server.md -#: src/android/aidl/client.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service.md:29 +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md:13 +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md:11 msgid "\"birthdayservice\"" -msgstr "\"com.example.birthdayservice\"" +msgstr "“birthdayservice”" -#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md src/android/aidl/server.md -#: src/android/aidl/client.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service.md:31 +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md:36 +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md:39 msgid "\"com.example.birthdayservice-rust\"" -msgstr "\"com.example.birthdayservice-rust\"" +msgstr "“com.example.birthdayservice-rust”" -#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md src/android/aidl/server.md -#: src/android/aidl/client.md +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service.md:32 +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md:37 +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md:40 msgid "\"libbinder_rs\"" msgstr "\"libbinder_rs\"" -#: src/android/aidl/server.md +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service.md:39 +msgid "" +"Point out the path to the generated `IBirthdayService` trait, and explain why each of " +"the segments is necessary." +msgstr "指出生成的`IBirthdayService` trait的路径，并解释每个部分的必要性。" + +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service.md:41 +msgid "" +"TODO: What does the `binder::Interface` trait do? Are there methods to override? Where " +"source?" +msgstr "TODO: `binder::Interface trait` 是做什么的？有没有要重写的方法？源代码在哪里？" + +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md:1 msgid "AIDL Server" msgstr "AIDL 服务器" -#: src/android/aidl/server.md +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md:3 msgid "Finally, we can create a server which exposes the service:" msgstr "最后，我们可以创建一个暴露服务的服务器：" -#: src/android/aidl/server.md +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md:5 msgid "_birthday_service/src/server.rs_:" msgstr "_birthday_service/src/server.rs_:" -#: src/android/aidl/server.md src/android/aidl/client.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "//! Birthday service.\n" -msgstr "//! Birthday service.\n" +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md:8 +msgid "//! Birthday service." +msgstr "//! Birthday service." -#: src/android/aidl/server.md -msgid "/// Entry point for birthday service.\n" -msgstr "/// Entry point for birthday service.\n" +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md:14 +msgid "/// Entry point for birthday service." +msgstr "/// 生日服务的入口点。" -#: src/android/aidl/server.md +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md:23 msgid "\"Failed to register service\"" msgstr "\"Failed to register service\"" -#: src/android/aidl/server.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md:32 +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md:33 msgid "\"birthday_server\"" -msgstr "\"libbirthday_wrapper.h\"" +msgstr "“birthday_server”" -#: src/android/aidl/server.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md:34 msgid "\"src/server.rs\"" -msgstr "`src/bin/server.rs`:" +msgstr "“src/server.rs”" + +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md:40 +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md:42 +msgid "// To avoid dynamic link error." +msgstr "// 为了避免动态链接错误。" + +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md:46 +msgid "" +"The process for taking a user-defined service implementation (in this case the " +"`BirthdayService` type, which implements the `IBirthdayService`) and starting it as a " +"Binder service has multiple steps, and may appear more complicated than students are " +"used to if they've used Binder from C++ or another language. Explain to students why " +"each step is necessary." +msgstr "" +"将用户定义的服务实现（在本例中为BirthdayService类型，实现了IBirthdayService）并将其作为" +"Binder服务启动的过程有多个步骤，可能会比学生们在使用C++或其他语言的Binder时习惯的流程更复" +"杂。解释每个步骤的必要性对他们有帮助。" + +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md:52 +msgid "Create an instance of your service type (`BirthdayService`)." +msgstr "创建服务类型（`BirthdayService`）的实例。" + +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md:53 +msgid "" +"Wrap the service object in corresponding `Bn*` type (`BnBirthdayService` in this case). " +"This type is generated by Binder and provides the common Binder functionality that would " +"be provided by the `BnBinder` base class in C++. We don't have inheritance in Rust, so " +"instead we use composition, putting our `BirthdayService` within the generated " +"`BnBinderService`." +msgstr "" +"将服务对象包装在相应的`Bn*`类型中（在本例中为`BnBirthdayService`）。这种类型由Binder生" +"成，并提供了在C++中由`BnBinder`基类提供的通用Binder功能。在Rust中我们没有继承，所以我们使" +"用组合，将我们的`BirthdayService`放在生成的`BnBinderService`中。" -#: src/android/aidl/server.md src/android/aidl/client.md -msgid "// To avoid dynamic link error.\n" +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md:58 +msgid "" +"Call `add_service`, giving it a service identifier and your service object (the " +"`BnBirthdayService` object in the example)." msgstr "" +"调用`add_service`，将其提供给一个服务标识符和您的服务对象（在示例中为`BnBirthdayService`" +"对象）。" + +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md:60 +msgid "" +"Call `join_thread_pool` to add the current thread to Binder's thread pool and start " +"listening for connections." +msgstr "调用 `join_thread_pool` 将当前线程添加到 Binder 的线程池，并开始监听连接。" -#: src/android/aidl/deploy.md +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/deploy.md:3 msgid "We can now build, push, and start the service:" msgstr "我们现在可以构建、推送和启动服务：" -#: src/android/aidl/deploy.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/deploy.md:5 msgid "" "```shell\n" "m birthday_server\n" -"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/birthday_server\" /data/local/" -"tmp\n" +"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/birthday_server\" /data/local/tmp\n" "adb root\n" "adb shell /data/local/tmp/birthday_server\n" "```" msgstr "" "```shell\n" -"m print_birthday_card\n" -"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/print_birthday_card /data/local/" -"tmp\"\n" -"adb shell /data/local/tmp/print_birthday_card\n" +"m birthday_server\n" +"adb push “$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/birthday_server” /data/local/tmp\n" +"adb root\n" +"adb shell /data/local/tmp/birthday_server\n" "```" -#: src/android/aidl/deploy.md +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/deploy.md:12 msgid "In another terminal, check that the service runs:" msgstr "在另一个终端中，检查该服务是否正在运行：" -#: src/android/aidl/deploy.md +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/deploy.md:22 msgid "You can also call the service with `service call`:" msgstr "您还可以使用 `service call` 命令调用该服务：" -#: src/android/aidl/client.md +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md:1 msgid "AIDL Client" msgstr "AIDL 客户端" -#: src/android/aidl/client.md +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md:3 msgid "Finally, we can create a Rust client for our new service." msgstr "最后，我们可以为我们的新服务创建一个 Rust 客户端。" -#: src/android/aidl/client.md +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md:5 +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-implementation.md:29 msgid "_birthday_service/src/client.rs_:" msgstr "_birthday_service/src/client.rs_:" -#: src/android/aidl/client.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "/// Connect to the BirthdayService.\n" -msgstr "/// Connect to the BirthdayService.\n" - -#: src/android/aidl/client.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "/// Call the birthday service.\n" -msgstr "/// Call the birthday service.\n" +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md:12 +msgid "/// Call the birthday service." +msgstr "/// 调用生日服务。" -#: src/android/aidl/client.md +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md:23 src/android/aidl/types/objects.md:54 +#: src/android/aidl/types/parcelables.md:32 src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md:20 msgid "\"Failed to connect to BirthdayService\"" msgstr "\"Failed to connect to BirthdayService\"" -#: src/android/aidl/client.md +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md:25 +msgid "// Call the service." +msgstr "/// 调用服务。" + +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md:27 msgid "\"{msg}\"" msgstr "\"{msg}\"" -#: src/android/aidl/client.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md:35 +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md:36 msgid "\"birthday_client\"" -msgstr "\"birthday_bindgen\"" +msgstr "“birthday_client”" -#: src/android/aidl/client.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md:37 msgid "\"src/client.rs\"" -msgstr "\"lib.rs\"" +msgstr "“src/client.rs”" -#: src/android/aidl/client.md +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md:46 msgid "Notice that the client does not depend on `libbirthdayservice`." msgstr "请注意，客户端不依赖于 `libbirthdayservice`。" -#: src/android/aidl/client.md +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md:48 msgid "Build, push, and run the client on your device:" msgstr "在您的设备上构建、推送并运行客户端：" -#: src/android/aidl/client.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md:50 msgid "" "```shell\n" "m birthday_client\n" -"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/birthday_client\" /data/local/" -"tmp\n" +"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/birthday_client\" /data/local/tmp\n" "adb shell /data/local/tmp/birthday_client Charlie 60\n" "```" msgstr "" "```shell\n" -"m print_birthday_card\n" -"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/print_birthday_card /data/local/" -"tmp\"\n" -"adb shell /data/local/tmp/print_birthday_card\n" +"m birthday_client\n" +"adb push “$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/birthday_client” /data/local/tmp\n" +"adb shell /data/local/tmp/birthday_client Charlie 60\n" "```" -#: src/android/aidl/changing.md +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md:62 msgid "" -"Let us extend the API with more functionality: we want to let clients " -"specify a list of lines for the birthday card:" -msgstr "让我们扩展API以提供更多功能：我们希望允许客户端指定生日贺卡的行列表：" +"`Strong` is the trait object representing the service that the " +"client has connected to." +msgstr "`Strong` 是客户端连接的服务的特质对象。" -#: src/android/logging.md +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md:64 msgid "" -"You should use the `log` crate to automatically log to `logcat` (on-device) " -"or `stdout` (on-host):" +"`Strong` is a custom smart pointer type for Binder. It handles both an in-process ref " +"count for the service trait object, and the global Binder ref count that tracks how many " +"processes have a reference to the object." msgstr "" -"你应该使用 `log` crate 来自动记录日志到 `logcat` （设备上）或 `stdout`（主机" -"上）：" +"`Strong` 是 Binder 的自定义智能指针类型。它同时处理了服务特质对象的进程内引用计数和全局 " +"Binder 引用计数，用于跟踪有多少进程引用了该对象。" -#: src/android/logging.md -msgid "_hello_rust_logs/Android.bp_:" -msgstr "_hello_rust_logs/Android.bp_:" +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md:67 +msgid "" +"Note that the trait object that the client uses to talk to the service uses the exact " +"same trait that the server implements. For a given Binder interface, there is a single " +"Rust trait generated that both client and server use." +msgstr "" +"请注意，客户端用于与服务通信的特质对象使用了与服务器实现的完全相同的特质。对于给定的 " +"Binder 接口，生成的单个 Rust 特质同时用于客户端和服务器。" -#: src/android/logging.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "\"hello_rust_logs\"" -msgstr "\"hello_rust\"" +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md:71 +msgid "" +"Use the same service identifier used when registering the service. This should ideally " +"be defined in a common crate that both the client and server can depend on." +msgstr "" +"在注册服务时使用相同的服务标识符。最好将其定义在一个公共的 crate 中，使客户端和服务器都能" +"依赖它。" -#: src/android/logging.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "\"liblog_rust\"" -msgstr "\"liblog_rust\"" +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-definition.md:3 +msgid "" +"Let us extend the API with more functionality: we want to let clients specify a list of " +"lines for the birthday card:" +msgstr "让我们扩展API以提供更多功能：我们希望允许客户端指定生日贺卡的行列表：" -#: src/android/logging.md -msgid "\"liblogger\"" -msgstr "\"liblogger\"" +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-definition.md:16 +msgid "This results in an updated trait definition for `IBirthdayService`:" +msgstr "这将导致更新后的 `IBirthdayService` 特质定义：" -#: src/android/logging.md -msgid "_hello_rust_logs/src/main.rs_:" -msgstr "_hello_rust_logs/src/main.rs_:" +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-definition.md:31 +msgid "" +"Note how the `String[]` in the AIDL definition is translated as a `&[String]` in Rust, i." +"e. that idiomatic Rust types are used in the generated bindings wherever possible:" +msgstr "" +"请注意，AIDL 定义中的 `String[]` 被翻译为 Rust 中的 `&[String]`，即在生成的绑定中尽可能使" +"用惯用的 Rust 类型：" -#: src/android/logging.md -msgid "//! Rust logging demo.\n" -msgstr "//! Rust logging demo.\n" +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-definition.md:34 +msgid "`in` array arguments are translated to slices." +msgstr "`in` 数组参数被翻译为切片。" -#: src/android/logging.md -msgid "/// Logs a greeting.\n" -msgstr "/// Logs a greeting.\n" +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-definition.md:35 +msgid "`out` and `inout` args are translated to `&mut Vec`." +msgstr "`out` 和 `inout` 参数被翻译为 `&mut Vec`。" -#: src/android/logging.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-definition.md:36 +msgid "Return values are translated to returning a `Vec`." +msgstr "返回值被翻译为返回一个 `Vec`。" + +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-implementation.md:1 +msgid "Updating Client and Service" +msgstr "更新客户端和服务" + +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-implementation.md:3 +msgid "Update the client and server code to account for the new API." +msgstr "更新客户端和服务器代码以适应新的 API。" + +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-implementation.md:20 +msgid "'\\n'" +msgstr "‘\\n’" + +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-implementation.md:36 +msgid "\"Habby birfday to yuuuuu\"" +msgstr "“Habby birfday to yuuuuu”" + +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-implementation.md:37 +msgid "\"And also: many more\"" +msgstr "“And also: many more”" + +#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-implementation.md:44 +msgid "TODO: Move code snippets into project files where they'll actually be built?" +msgstr "TODO: 将代码片段移动到实际构建的项目文件中？" + +#: src/android/aidl/types.md:1 +msgid "Working With AIDL Types" +msgstr "处理 AIDL 类型" + +#: src/android/aidl/types.md:3 +msgid "AIDL types translate into the appropriate idiomatic Rust type:" +msgstr "AIDL 类型转换为适当的惯用 Rust 类型：" + +#: src/android/aidl/types.md:5 +msgid "Primitive types map (mostly) to idiomatic Rust types." +msgstr "基本类型（大多数情况下）映射到惯用的 Rust 类型。" + +#: src/android/aidl/types.md:6 +msgid "Collection types like slices, `Vec`s and string types are supported." +msgstr "支持集合类型，如切片、`Vec` 和字符串类型。" + +#: src/android/aidl/types.md:7 +msgid "" +"References to AIDL objects and file handles can be sent between clients and services." +msgstr "AIDL 对象的引用和文件句柄可以在客户端和服务之间发送。" + +#: src/android/aidl/types.md:9 +msgid "File handles and parcelables are fully supported." +msgstr "文件句柄和可打包对象完全受支持。" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md:3 +msgid "Primitive types map (mostly) idiomatically:" +msgstr "基本类型（大多数情况下）映射为惯用类型：" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md:5 +msgid "AIDL Type" +msgstr "AIDL 类型" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md:5 src/android/aidl/types/arrays.md:7 +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md:3 +msgid "Rust Type" +msgstr "Rust 类型" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md:5 +msgid "Note" +msgstr "备注" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md:7 +msgid "`boolean`" +msgstr "`boolean`" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md:8 +msgid "`byte`" +msgstr "`byte`" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md:8 +msgid "`i8`" +msgstr "`i8`" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md:8 +msgid "Note that bytes are signed." +msgstr "请注意，字节是有符号的。" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md:9 +msgid "`u16`" +msgstr "`u16`" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md:9 +msgid "Note the usage of `u16`, NOT `u32`." +msgstr "请注意使用 `u16`，而不是 `u32`。" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md:10 +msgid "`int`" +msgstr "`int`" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md:10 +msgid "`i32`" +msgstr "`i32`" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md:11 +msgid "`long`" +msgstr "`long`" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md:11 +msgid "`i64`" +msgstr "`i64`" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md:12 +msgid "`float`" +msgstr "`float`" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md:12 +msgid "`f32`" +msgstr "`f32`" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md:13 +msgid "`double`" +msgstr "`double`" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md:13 +msgid "`f64`" +msgstr "`f64`" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/arrays.md:3 +msgid "" +"The array types (`T[]`, `byte[]`, and `List`) get translated to the appropriate Rust " +"array type depending on how they are used in the function signature:" +msgstr "" +"数组类型（`T[]`、`byte[]` 和 `List`）根据它们在函数签名中的使用方式被翻译为相应的 " +"Rust 数组类型：" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/arrays.md:7 +msgid "Position" +msgstr "位置" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/arrays.md:9 +msgid "`in` argument" +msgstr "`in` 参数" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/arrays.md:9 +msgid "`&[T]`" +msgstr "`&[T]`" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/arrays.md:10 +msgid "`out`/`inout` argument" +msgstr "`out`/`inout` 参数" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/arrays.md:10 +msgid "`&mut Vec`" +msgstr "`&mut Vec`" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/arrays.md:11 +msgid "Return" +msgstr "返回" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/arrays.md:11 src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md:11 +msgid "`Vec`" +msgstr "`Vec`" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/arrays.md:15 +msgid "" +"In Android 13 or higher, fixed-size arrays are supported, i.e. `T[N]` becomes `[T; N]`. " +"Fixed-size arrays can have multiple dimensions (e.g. int\\[3\\]\\[4\\]). In the Java " +"backend, fixed-size arrays are represented as array types." +msgstr "" +"在 Android 13 或更高版本中，支持固定大小的数组，即 `T[N]` 变为 `[T; N]`。固定大小的数组可" +"以具有多个维度（例如 `int[3][4]`）。在 Java 后端中，固定大小的数组被表示为数组类型。" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/arrays.md:18 +msgid "Arrays in parcelable fields always get translated to `Vec`." +msgstr "可打包字段中的数组始终被翻译为 `Vec`。" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/objects.md:3 +msgid "" +"AIDL objects can be sent either as a concrete AIDL type or as the type-erased `IBinder` " +"interface:" +msgstr "AIDL 对象可以作为具体的 AIDL 类型或类型擦除的 `IBinder` 接口发送：" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/objects.md:6 +msgid "**birthday_service/aidl/com/example/birthdayservice/IBirthdayInfoProvider.aidl**:" +msgstr "**birthday_service/aidl/com/example/birthdayservice/IBirthdayInfoProvider.aidl**:" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/objects.md:17 src/android/aidl/types/parcelables.md:16 +#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md:6 +msgid "**birthday_service/aidl/com/example/birthdayservice/IBirthdayService.aidl**:" +msgstr "**birthday_service/aidl/com/example/birthdayservice/IBirthdayService.aidl**:" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/objects.md:23 +msgid "/\\*\\* The same thing, but using a binder object. \\*/" +msgstr "/\\*\\* 使用 Binder 对象实现相同的功能。 \\*/" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/objects.md:26 +msgid "/\\*\\* The same thing, but using `IBinder`. \\*/" +msgstr "/\\*\\* 使用 `IBinder` 实现相同的功能。 \\*/" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/objects.md:31 src/android/aidl/types/parcelables.md:27 +#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md:15 +msgid "**birthday_service/src/client.rs**:" +msgstr "**birthday_service/src/client.rs**:" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/objects.md:34 +msgid "/// Rust struct implementing the `IBirthdayInfoProvider` interface." +msgstr "/// 实现 `IBirthdayInfoProvider` 接口的 Rust 结构。" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/objects.md:56 +msgid "// Create a binder object for the `IBirthdayInfoProvider` interface." +msgstr "// 为 `IBirthdayInfoProvider` 接口创建一个 Binder 对象。" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/objects.md:62 +msgid "// Send the binder object to the service." +msgstr "// 将 Binder 对象发送到服务。" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/objects.md:65 +msgid "// Perform the same operation but passing the provider as an `SpIBinder`." +msgstr "// 以 `SpIBinder` 形式传递提供者执行相同的操作。" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/objects.md:72 +msgid "" +"Note the usage of `BnBirthdayInfoProvider`. This serves the same purpose as " +"`BnBirthdayService` that we saw previously." +msgstr "" +"请注意使用 `BnBirthdayInfoProvider`。这与之前看到的 `BnBirthdayService` 起着相同的作用。" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/parcelables.md:3 +msgid "Binder for Rust supports sending parcelables directly:" +msgstr "Rust 的 Binder 支持直接发送可打包对象：" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/parcelables.md:5 +msgid "**birthday_service/aidl/com/example/birthdayservice/BirthdayInfo.aidl**:" +msgstr "**birthday_service/aidl/com/example/birthdayservice/BirthdayInfo.aidl**:" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/parcelables.md:22 +msgid "/\\*\\* The same thing, but with a parcelable. \\*/" +msgstr "/\\*\\* 同样的事情，但使用可打包对象。 \\*/" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md:3 +msgid "" +"Files can be sent between Binder clients/servers using the `ParcelFileDescriptor` type:" +msgstr "文件可以使用 `ParcelFileDescriptor` 类型在 Binder 客户端/服务器之间发送：" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md:10 +msgid "/\\*\\* The same thing, but loads info from a file. \\*/" +msgstr "/\\*\\* 同样的事情，但从文件加载信息。 \\*/" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md:22 +msgid "// Open a file and put the birthday info in it." +msgstr "// 打开一个文件并将生日信息放入其中。" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md:23 +msgid "\"/data/local/tmp/birthday.info\"" +msgstr "“/data/local/tmp/birthday.info”" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md:24 +msgid "\"{name}\"" +msgstr "“{name}”" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md:25 +msgid "\"{years}\"" +msgstr "“{years}”" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md:27 +msgid "// Create a `ParcelFileDescriptor` from the file and send it." +msgstr "// 从文件创建一个 `ParcelFileDescriptor` 并发送它。" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md:33 +msgid "**birthday_service/src/lib.rs**:" +msgstr "**birthday_service/src/lib.rs**:" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md:41 +msgid "" +"// Convert the file descriptor to a `File`. `ParcelFileDescriptor` wraps // an " +"`OwnedFd`, which can be cloned and then used to create a `File` // object." +msgstr "" +"// 将文件描述符转换为 `File`。`ParcelFileDescriptor` 包装了一个 `OwnedFd`，可以克隆然后用" +"于创建一个 `File` 对象。" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md:48 +msgid "\"Invalid file handle\"" +msgstr "“Invalid file handle”" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md:64 +msgid "" +"`ParcelFileDescriptor` wraps an `OwnedFd`, and so can be created from a `File` (or any " +"other type that wraps an `OwnedFd`), and can be used to create a new `File` handle on " +"the other side." +msgstr "" +"`ParcelFileDescriptor` 包装了一个 `OwnedFd`，因此可以从一个 `File`（或任何其他包装了 " +"`OwnedFd` 的类型）创建，并且可以在另一端用于创建一个新的 `File` 句柄。" + +#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md:67 +msgid "" +"Other types of file descriptors can be wrapped and sent, e.g. TCP, UDP, and UNIX sockets." +msgstr "其他类型的文件描述符也可以被包装和发送，例如 TCP、UDP 和 UNIX sockets。" + +#: src/android/testing.md +msgid "Testing in Android" +msgstr "在 Android 中进行测试" + +#: src/android/testing.md +msgid "" +"Building on Testing, we will now look at how unit tests work in AOSP. Use the " +"`rust_test` module for your unit tests:" +msgstr "" +"在测试基础上，我们现在将看看在 AOSP 中单元测试是如何工作的。使用 `rust_test` 模块来编写你" +"的单元测试：" + +#: src/android/testing.md +msgid "_testing/Android.bp_:" +msgstr "_testing/Android.bp_:" + +#: src/android/testing.md +msgid "\"libleftpad\"" +msgstr "“libleftpad”" + +#: src/android/testing.md +msgid "\"leftpad\"" +msgstr "“leftpad”" + +#: src/android/testing.md +msgid "\"libleftpad_test\"" +msgstr "“libleftpad_test”" + +#: src/android/testing.md +msgid "\"leftpad_test\"" +msgstr "“leftpad_test”" + +#: src/android/testing.md src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:116 +msgid "\"general-tests\"" +msgstr "“general-tests”" + +#: src/android/testing.md +msgid "_testing/src/lib.rs_:" +msgstr "_testing/src/lib.rs_:" + +#: src/android/testing.md +msgid "//! Left-padding library." +msgstr "//! Left-padding library." + +#: src/android/testing.md +msgid "/// Left-pad `s` to `width`." +msgstr "/// 将 `s` 左填充到 `width`。" + +#: src/android/testing.md +msgid "\"{s:>width$}\"" +msgstr "“{s:>width$}”" + +#: src/android/testing.md +msgid "\" foo\"" +msgstr "“ foo”" + +#: src/android/testing.md +msgid "\"foobar\"" +msgstr "“foobar”" + +#: src/android/testing.md +msgid "You can now run the test with" +msgstr "现在你可以运行测试" + +#: src/android/testing.md +msgid "The output looks like this:" +msgstr "输出如下：" + +#: src/android/testing.md +msgid "" +"```text\n" +"INFO: Elapsed time: 2.666s, Critical Path: 2.40s\n" +"INFO: 3 processes: 2 internal, 1 linux-sandbox.\n" +"INFO: Build completed successfully, 3 total actions\n" +"//comprehensive-rust-android/testing:libleftpad_test_host PASSED in 2.3s\n" +" PASSED libleftpad_test.tests::long_string (0.0s)\n" +" PASSED libleftpad_test.tests::short_string (0.0s)\n" +"Test cases: finished with 2 passing and 0 failing out of 2 test cases\n" +"```" +msgstr "" +"```text\n" +"INFO: Elapsed time: 2.666s, Critical Path: 2.40s\n" +"INFO: 3 processes: 2 internal, 1 linux-sandbox.\n" +"INFO: Build completed successfully, 3 total actions\n" +"//comprehensive-rust-android/testing:libleftpad_test_host PASSED in 2.3s\n" +" PASSED libleftpad_test.tests::long_string (0.0s)\n" +" PASSED libleftpad_test.tests::short_string (0.0s)\n" +"Test cases: finished with 2 passing and 0 failing out of 2 test cases\n" +"```" + +#: src/android/testing.md +msgid "" +"Notice how you only mention the root of the library crate. Tests are found recursively " +"in nested modules." +msgstr "注意你只提到了库 crate 的根目录。测试会递归地在嵌套模块中找到。" + +#: src/android/testing/googletest.md:3 +msgid "The GoogleTest crate allows for flexible test assertions using _matchers_:" +msgstr "GoogleTest crate 允许使用 _匹配器_ 进行灵活的测试断言：" + +#: src/android/testing/googletest.md:11 +msgid "\"baz\"" +msgstr "\"baz\"" + +#: src/android/testing/googletest.md:12 +msgid "\"xyz\"" +msgstr "\"xyz\"" + +#: src/android/testing/googletest.md:16 +msgid "" +"If we change the last element to `\"!\"`, the test fails with a structured error message " +"pin-pointing the error:" +msgstr "" +"如果我们将最后一个元素更改为 `\"!\"`，测试将失败，并会提供详细的错误消息来指出错误的位" +"置：" + +#: src/android/testing/googletest.md:37 +msgid "" +"GoogleTest is not part of the Rust Playground, so you need to run this example in a " +"local environment. Use `cargo add googletest` to quickly add it to an existing Cargo " +"project." +msgstr "" +"GoogleTest 不是 Rust Playground 的一部分，因此您需要在本地环境中运行此示例。使用 `cargo " +"add googletest` 快速将其添加到现有 Cargo 项目中。" + +#: src/android/testing/googletest.md:41 +msgid "" +"The `use googletest::prelude::*;` line imports a number of commonly used macros and " +"types." +msgstr "`use googletest::prelude::*;` 行导入了许多常用的宏和类型。" + +#: src/android/testing/googletest.md:44 +msgid "" +"This just scratches the surface, there are many builtin matchers. Consider going through " +"the first chapter of \"Advanced testing for Rust applications\", a self-guided Rust " +"course: it provides a guided introduction to the library, with exercises to help you get " +"comfortable with `googletest` macros, its matchers and its overall philosophy." +msgstr "" +"这只是皮毛，内置了许多匹配器。考虑阅读《高级 Rust 应用程序测试》的第一章，这是一个自我引" +"导的 Rust 课程：它提供了对该库的指导性介绍，以及练习，帮助你熟悉 `googletest` 宏、其匹配" +"器及其整体理念。" + +#: src/android/testing/googletest.md:51 +msgid "" +"A particularly nice feature is that mismatches in multi-line strings are shown as a diff:" +msgstr "一个特别好的功能是，多行字符串中的不匹配会显示为差异：" + +#: src/android/testing/googletest.md:57 +msgid "" +"\"Memory safety found,\\n \n" +"Rust's strong typing guides the way,\\n \n" +"Secure code you'll write.\"" +msgstr "" +"“Memory safety found,\\n \n" +"Rust’s strong typing guides the way,\\n \n" +"Secure code you’ll write.”" + +#: src/android/testing/googletest.md:62 +msgid "" +"\"Memory safety found,\\n \n" +"Rust's silly humor guides the way,\\n \n" +"Secure code you'll write.\"" +msgstr "" +"“Memory safety found,\\n \n" +"Rust’s silly humor guides the way,\\n \n" +"Secure code you’ll write.”" + +#: src/android/testing/googletest.md:69 +msgid "shows a color-coded diff (colors not shown here):" +msgstr "显示用颜色标识的差异（此处未显示颜色）：" + +#: src/android/testing/googletest.md:86 +msgid "The crate is a Rust port of GoogleTest for C++." +msgstr "这个 crate 是 C++ 的 GoogleTest 的 Rust 移植版本。" + +#: src/android/testing/mocking.md:3 +msgid "" +"For mocking, Mockall is a widely used library. You need to refactor your code to use " +"traits, which you can then quickly mock:" +msgstr "" +"为了模拟，Mockall 是一个广泛使用的库。你需要重构你的代码以使用 trait，然后你可以快速地进" +"行模拟：" + +#: src/android/testing/mocking.md:27 +msgid "" +"Mockall is the recommended mocking library in Android (AOSP). There are other mocking " +"libraries available on crates.io, in particular in the area of mocking HTTP services. " +"The other mocking libraries work in a similar fashion as Mockall, meaning that they make " +"it easy to get a mock implementation of a given trait." +msgstr "" +"Mockall 是 Android（AOSP）中推荐的模拟库。在 crates.io 上还有其他模拟库，特别是在模拟 " +"HTTP 服务领域。其他模拟库的工作方式与 Mockall 类似，它们使得获得给定 trait 的模拟实现变得" +"很容易。" + +#: src/android/testing/mocking.md:33 +msgid "" +"Note that mocking is somewhat _controversial_: mocks allow you to completely isolate a " +"test from its dependencies. The immediate result is faster and more stable test " +"execution. On the other hand, the mocks can be configured wrongly and return output " +"different from what the real dependencies would do." +msgstr "" +"请注意，模拟在某种程度上具有 _争议性_：借助模拟，您可以将测试与其依赖项完全隔离。最立竿见" +"影的是，测试作业会更快且更稳定。另一方面，模拟对象的配置可能出现错误，并返回与真实依赖项" +"不同的输出。" + +#: src/android/testing/mocking.md:38 +msgid "" +"If at all possible, it is recommended that you use the real dependencies. As an example, " +"many databases allow you to configure an in-memory backend. This means that you get the " +"correct behavior in your tests, plus they are fast and will automatically clean up after " +"themselves." +msgstr "" +"建议您尽可能使用真实依赖项。例如，许多数据库都支持您配置内存后端。这意味着，您可以在测试" +"中获得正确的功能行为，而且测试速度会很快并会自动清理。" + +#: src/android/testing/mocking.md:43 +msgid "" +"Similarly, many web frameworks allow you to start an in-process server which binds to a " +"random port on `localhost`. Always prefer this over mocking away the framework since it " +"helps you test your code in the real environment." +msgstr "" +"同样，许多 Web 框架都支持您启动进程内服务器，该服务器会绑定到 `localhost` 上的随机端口。" +"相比模拟框架，请始终优先选择这种方式，因为这有助于您在真实环境中测试代码。" + +#: src/android/testing/mocking.md:47 +msgid "" +"Mockall is not part of the Rust Playground, so you need to run this example in a local " +"environment. Use `cargo add mockall` to quickly add Mockall to an existing Cargo project." +msgstr "" +"Mockall 不是 Rust Playground 的一部分，因此您需要在本地环境中运行此示例。使用 `cargo add " +"mockall` 快速将 Mockall 添加到现有 Cargo 项目中。" + +#: src/android/testing/mocking.md:51 +msgid "" +"Mockall has a lot more functionality. In particular, you can set up expectations which " +"depend on the arguments passed. Here we use this to mock a cat which becomes hungry 3 " +"hours after the last time it was fed:" +msgstr "" +"Mockall 具有更多功能。具体而言，您可以设置基于传递参数的预期值。在这里，我们使用该功能来" +"模拟一只猫，它在上次被喂食的 3 小时后会感到饥饿：" + +#: src/android/testing/mocking.md:69 +msgid "" +"You can use `.times(n)` to limit the number of times a mock method can be called to `n` " +"--- the mock will automatically panic when dropped if this isn't satisfied." +msgstr "" +"您可以使用 `.times(n)` 将调用模拟方法的次数限制为 `n`，如果不满足此条件，模拟对象被释放时" +"会自动 panic。" + +#: src/android/logging.md +msgid "" +"You should use the `log` crate to automatically log to `logcat` (on-device) or `stdout` " +"(on-host):" +msgstr "你应该使用 `log` crate 来自动记录日志到 `logcat` （设备上）或 `stdout`（主机上）：" + +#: src/android/logging.md +msgid "_hello_rust_logs/Android.bp_:" +msgstr "_hello_rust_logs/Android.bp_:" + +#: src/android/logging.md +msgid "\"hello_rust_logs\"" +msgstr "“hello_rust_logs”" + +#: src/android/logging.md +msgid "\"liblog_rust\"" +msgstr "“liblog_rust”" + +#: src/android/logging.md +msgid "\"liblogger\"" +msgstr "\"liblogger\"" + +#: src/android/logging.md +msgid "_hello_rust_logs/src/main.rs_:" +msgstr "_hello_rust_logs/src/main.rs_:" + +#: src/android/logging.md +msgid "//! Rust logging demo." +msgstr "//! Rust 日志演示。" + +#: src/android/logging.md +msgid "/// Logs a greeting." +msgstr "/// 记录一条问候。" + +#: src/android/logging.md msgid "\"rust\"" -msgstr "\"rust\"" +msgstr "“rust”" #: src/android/logging.md msgid "\"Starting program.\"" @@ -12976,30 +11674,26 @@ msgid "\"Things are going fine.\"" msgstr "\"Things are going fine.\"" #: src/android/logging.md -#, fuzzy msgid "\"Something went wrong!\"" -msgstr "\"Something went wrong!\"" +msgstr "“Something went wrong!”" -#: src/android/logging.md src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md +#: src/android/logging.md src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:99 +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:72 msgid "Build, push, and run the binary on your device:" msgstr "在你的设备上构建，推送，并运行二进制文件 ：" #: src/android/logging.md -#, fuzzy msgid "" "```shell\n" "m hello_rust_logs\n" -"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/hello_rust_logs\" /data/local/" -"tmp\n" +"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/hello_rust_logs\" /data/local/tmp\n" "adb shell /data/local/tmp/hello_rust_logs\n" "```" msgstr "" "```shell\n" -"m analyze_numbers\n" -"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/analyze_numbers /data/local/" -"tmp\"\n" -"adb shell /data/local/tmp/analyze_numbers\n" +"m hello_rust_logs\n" +"adb push “$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/hello_rust_logs” /data/local/tmp\n" +"adb shell /data/local/tmp/hello_rust_logs\n" "```" #: src/android/logging.md @@ -13008,8 +11702,8 @@ msgstr "日志将会在 `adb logcat` 中显示：" #: src/android/interoperability.md msgid "" -"Rust has excellent support for interoperability with other languages. This " -"means that you can:" +"Rust has excellent support for interoperability with other languages. This means that " +"you can:" msgstr "Rust 对于与其他编程语言的互操作性有着出色的支持。这意味着您可以：" #: src/android/interoperability.md @@ -13022,924 +11716,838 @@ msgstr "从 Rust 调用用其他语言编写的函数。" #: src/android/interoperability.md msgid "" -"When you call functions in a foreign language we say that you're using a " -"_foreign function interface_, also known as FFI." +"When you call functions in a foreign language we say that you're using a _foreign " +"function interface_, also known as FFI." msgstr "" "当您从外部语言调用函数时，我们称之为使用 **外部函数接口**（*Foreign Function " "Interface*， FFI）。" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md:1 msgid "Interoperability with C" msgstr "与 C 的互操作性" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md:3 msgid "" -"Rust has full support for linking object files with a C calling convention. " -"Similarly, you can export Rust functions and call them from C." +"Rust has full support for linking object files with a C calling convention. Similarly, " +"you can export Rust functions and call them from C." msgstr "" -"Rust 对使用 C 调用约定链接目标文件提供了完整的支持。同样地，你可以导出 Rust " -"函数并从 C 中调用它们。" +"Rust 对使用 C 调用约定链接目标文件提供了完整的支持。同样地，你可以导出 Rust 函数并从 C 中" +"调用它们。" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md:6 msgid "You can do it by hand if you want:" msgstr "如果你愿意的话，你可以手工完成它：" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md:15 +msgid "// SAFETY: `abs` doesn't have any safety requirements." +msgstr "// 安全性：`abs` 没有任何安全性要求。" + +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md:17 msgid "\"{x}, {abs_x}\"" msgstr "\"{x}, {abs_x}\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md -msgid "" -"We already saw this in the [Safe FFI Wrapper exercise](../../exercises/day-3/" -"safe-ffi-wrapper.md)." -msgstr "" -"我们已经在[安全 FFI 封装容器](../../exercises/day-3/safe-ffi-wrapper.md)练习" -"中看到了这个例子。" +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md:21 +msgid "We already saw this in the Safe FFI Wrapper exercise." +msgstr "我们在安全的 FFI 封装练习中已经见过这个了。" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md -msgid "" -"This assumes full knowledge of the target platform. Not recommended for " -"production." +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md:24 +msgid "This assumes full knowledge of the target platform. Not recommended for production." msgstr "这假设对目标平台拥有充分的了解，不建议用于生产环境。" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md:27 msgid "We will look at better options next." msgstr "接下来我们将探讨更好的选择。" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:1 msgid "Using Bindgen" msgstr "使用 Bindgen" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md -msgid "" -"The [bindgen](https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-bindgen/introduction.html) " -"tool can auto-generate bindings from a C header file." -msgstr "" -"[bindgen](https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-bindgen/introduction.html) 工具可" -"以自动生成 C 头文件的绑定代码。" +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:3 +msgid "The bindgen tool can auto-generate bindings from a C header file." +msgstr "Bindgen 工具可以自动从 C 头文件生成绑定。" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:6 msgid "First create a small C library:" msgstr "首先创建一个小型的 C 语言库：" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:8 msgid "_interoperability/bindgen/libbirthday.h_:" msgstr "interoperability/bindgen/libbirthday.h:" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:19 msgid "_interoperability/bindgen/libbirthday.c_:" msgstr "_interoperability/bindgen/libbirthday.c_:" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md -msgid "" -msgstr "" +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:22 +msgid "\\" +msgstr "\\" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:23 +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:50 msgid "\"libbirthday.h\"" -msgstr "\"libbirthday.c\"" +msgstr "“libbirthday.h”" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:26 +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:29 msgid "\"+--------------\\n\"" msgstr "\"+--------------\\n\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:27 msgid "\"| Happy Birthday %s!\\n\"" msgstr "\"| Happy Birthday %s!\\n\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:28 msgid "\"| Congratulations with the %i years!\\n\"" msgstr "\"| Congratulations with the %i years!\\n\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:33 msgid "Add this to your `Android.bp` file:" msgstr "将该库添加到你的 `Android.bp` 文件中：" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:35 +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:55 +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:69 +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:109 msgid "_interoperability/bindgen/Android.bp_:" msgstr "_interoperability/bindgen/Android.bp_:" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:39 +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:63 msgid "\"libbirthday\"" -msgstr "\"libbirthday\"" +msgstr "“libbirthday”" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:40 msgid "\"libbirthday.c\"" -msgstr "\"libbirthday.c\"" +msgstr "“libbirthday.c”" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md -msgid "" -"Create a wrapper header file for the library (not strictly needed in this " -"example):" +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:44 +msgid "Create a wrapper header file for the library (not strictly needed in this example):" msgstr "为该库创建一个包装头文件（在此示例中不是必需的）：" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:47 msgid "_interoperability/bindgen/libbirthday_wrapper.h_:" msgstr "_interoperability/bindgen/libbirthday_wrapper.h_:" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:53 msgid "You can now auto-generate the bindings:" msgstr "您现在可以自动生成绑定代码：" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:59 +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:75 msgid "\"libbirthday_bindgen\"" -msgstr "\"libbirthday_bindgen\"" +msgstr "“libbirthday_bindgen”" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:60 msgid "\"birthday_bindgen\"" -msgstr "\"birthday_bindgen\"" +msgstr "“birthday_bindgen”" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:61 msgid "\"libbirthday_wrapper.h\"" -msgstr "\"libbirthday_wrapper.h\"" +msgstr "“libbirthday_wrapper.h”" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:62 msgid "\"bindings\"" -msgstr "\"bindings\"" +msgstr "“bindings”" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:67 msgid "Finally, we can use the bindings in our Rust program:" msgstr "最后，我们可以在 Rust 程序中使用这些绑定：" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:73 msgid "\"print_birthday_card\"" -msgstr "\"print_birthday_card\"" +msgstr "“print_birthday_card”" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:74 msgid "\"main.rs\"" -msgstr "\"main.c\"" +msgstr "“main.rs”" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:79 msgid "_interoperability/bindgen/main.rs_:" msgstr "_interoperability/bindgen/main.rs_:" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md -msgid "//! Bindgen demo.\n" -msgstr "//! Bindgen demo.\n" +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:82 +msgid "//! Bindgen demo." +msgstr "//! Bindgen演示。" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md -msgid "// SAFETY: `print_card` is safe to call with a valid `card` pointer.\n" +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:89 +msgid "" +"// SAFETY: The pointer we pass is valid because it came from a Rust // reference, and " +"the `name` it contains refers to `name` above which also // remains valid. `print_card` " +"doesn't store either pointer to use later // after it returns." msgstr "" +"// 安全性：我们传递的指针是有效的，因为它来自Rust的引用，并且它包含的`name`指向上面的" +"`name`，这也保持有效。`print_card`在返回后不存储任何指针以供以后使用。" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:101 msgid "" "```shell\n" "m print_birthday_card\n" -"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/print_birthday_card\" /data/local/" -"tmp\n" +"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/print_birthday_card\" /data/local/tmp\n" "adb shell /data/local/tmp/print_birthday_card\n" "```" msgstr "" "```shell\n" "m print_birthday_card\n" -"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/print_birthday_card /data/local/" -"tmp\"\n" +"adb push “$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/print_birthday_card” /data/local/tmp\n" "adb shell /data/local/tmp/print_birthday_card\n" "```" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:107 msgid "Finally, we can run auto-generated tests to ensure the bindings work:" msgstr "最后，我们可以运行自动生成的测试来确保绑定代码正常工作：" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:113 +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:115 msgid "\"libbirthday_bindgen_test\"" -msgstr "\"libbirthday_bindgen_test\"" +msgstr "“libbirthday_bindgen_test”" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:114 msgid "\":libbirthday_bindgen\"" -msgstr "\":libbirthday_bindgen\"" - -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "\"general-tests\"" -msgstr "\"general-tests\"" +msgstr "“:libbirthday_bindgen”" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:118 +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:119 msgid "\"none\"" msgstr "\"none\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md -msgid "// Generated file, skip linting\n" -msgstr "// Generated file, skip linting\n" +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:118 +msgid "// Generated file, skip linting" +msgstr "// 生成的文件，请跳过检查" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:1 msgid "Calling Rust" msgstr "调用 Rust" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:3 msgid "Exporting Rust functions and types to C is easy:" msgstr "将 Rust 函数和类型导出到 C 很简单：" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:5 msgid "_interoperability/rust/libanalyze/analyze.rs_" msgstr "_interoperability/rust/libanalyze/analyze.rs_" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md -msgid "//! Rust FFI demo.\n" -msgstr "//! Rust FFI demo.\n" +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:8 +msgid "//! Rust FFI demo." +msgstr "//! Rust FFI演示。" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md -msgid "/// Analyze the numbers.\n" -msgstr "/// Analyze the numbers.\n" +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:12 +msgid "/// Analyze the numbers." +msgstr "/// 分析这些数字。" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:17 msgid "\"x ({x}) is smallest!\"" msgstr "\"x ({x}) is smallest!\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:19 msgid "\"y ({y}) is probably larger than x ({x})\"" msgstr "\"y ({y}) is probably larger than x ({x})\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:24 msgid "_interoperability/rust/libanalyze/analyze.h_" msgstr "_interoperability/rust/libanalyze/analyze.h_" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:37 msgid "_interoperability/rust/libanalyze/Android.bp_" msgstr "_interoperability/rust/libanalyze/Android.bp_" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:41 +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:68 msgid "\"libanalyze_ffi\"" msgstr "\"libanalyze_ffi\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:42 msgid "\"analyze_ffi\"" msgstr "\"analyze_ffi\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:43 msgid "\"analyze.rs\"" -msgstr "\"analyze.rs\"" +msgstr "“analyze.rs”" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:48 msgid "We can now call this from a C binary:" msgstr "我们现在可以从一个 C 二进制文件中调用它：" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:50 msgid "_interoperability/rust/analyze/main.c_" msgstr "_interoperability/rust/analyze/main.c_" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:53 msgid "\"analyze.h\"" msgstr "\"analyze.h\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:62 msgid "_interoperability/rust/analyze/Android.bp_" msgstr "_interoperability/rust/analyze/Android.bp_" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:66 msgid "\"analyze_numbers\"" msgstr "\"analyze_numbers\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:67 msgid "\"main.c\"" -msgstr "\"main.c\"" +msgstr "“main.c”" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:74 msgid "" "```shell\n" "m analyze_numbers\n" -"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/analyze_numbers\" /data/local/" -"tmp\n" +"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/analyze_numbers\" /data/local/tmp\n" "adb shell /data/local/tmp/analyze_numbers\n" "```" msgstr "" "```shell\n" "m analyze_numbers\n" -"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/analyze_numbers /data/local/" -"tmp\"\n" +"adb push “$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/analyze_numbers” /data/local/tmp\n" "adb shell /data/local/tmp/analyze_numbers\n" "```" -#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md +#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:82 msgid "" -"`#[no_mangle]` disables Rust's usual name mangling, so the exported symbol " -"will just be the name of the function. You can also use `#[export_name = " -"\"some_name\"]` to specify whatever name you want." +"`#[no_mangle]` disables Rust's usual name mangling, so the exported symbol will just be " +"the name of the function. You can also use `#[export_name = \"some_name\"]` to specify " +"whatever name you want." msgstr "" -"`#[no_mangle]` 禁用了 Rust 通常的名称重整，因此导出的符号将仅为函数的名称。你" -"还可以使用 `#[export_name = \"some_name\"]` 来指定任意你想要的名称。" +"`#[no_mangle]` 禁用了 Rust 通常的名称重整，因此导出的符号将仅为函数的名称。你还可以使用 " +"`#[export_name = \"some_name\"]` 来指定任意你想要的名称。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp.md -msgid "" -"The [CXX crate](https://cxx.rs/) makes it possible to do safe " -"interoperability between Rust and C++." -msgstr "" -"[CXX crate](https://cxx.rs/) 使得在 Rust 和 C++ 之间进行安全的互操作成为可" -"能。" +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp.md:3 +msgid "The CXX crate makes it possible to do safe interoperability between Rust and C++." +msgstr "CXX crate使得在Rust和C++之间进行安全互操作成为可能。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp.md:6 msgid "The overall approach looks like this:" msgstr "整体的方法如下：" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md:3 msgid "" -"CXX relies on a description of the function signatures that will be exposed " -"from each language to the other. You provide this description using extern " -"blocks in a Rust module annotated with the `#[cxx::bridge]` attribute macro." +"CXX relies on a description of the function signatures that will be exposed from each " +"language to the other. You provide this description using extern blocks in a Rust module " +"annotated with the `#[cxx::bridge]` attribute macro." msgstr "" -"CXX依赖于提供的函数签名说明，这些签名会在不用语言之间进行交互使用。您可以在带" -"有 `#[cxx::bridge]` 属性宏注解的 Rust 模块中使用 extern 代码块提供此说明。" +"CXX依赖于提供的函数签名说明，这些签名会在不用语言之间进行交互使用。您可以在带有 `#[cxx::" +"bridge]` 属性宏注解的 Rust 模块中使用 extern 代码块提供此说明。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md:9 msgid "\"org::blobstore\"" msgstr "\"org::blobstore\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md -msgid "// Shared structs with fields visible to both languages.\n" -msgstr "// Shared structs with fields visible to both languages.\n" - -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/generated-cpp.md -msgid "// Rust types and signatures exposed to C++.\n" -msgstr "// Rust types and signatures exposed to C++.\n" - -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/generated-cpp.md -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md:11 +msgid "// Shared structs with fields visible to both languages." +msgstr "// 共享的结构体，其字段可在两种语言中都可见。" + +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md:17 +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/generated-cpp.md:6 +msgid "// Rust types and signatures exposed to C++." +msgstr "// Rust 类型和签名暴露给 C++。" + +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md:18 +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md:6 +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/generated-cpp.md:7 +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md:6 +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md:9 +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md:10 +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md:9 msgid "\"Rust\"" -msgstr "\"Rust\"" +msgstr "“Rust”" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md -msgid "// C++ types and signatures exposed to Rust.\n" -msgstr "// C++ types and signatures exposed to Rust.\n" +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md:24 +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md:6 +msgid "// C++ types and signatures exposed to Rust." +msgstr "// C++ 类型和签名暴露给 Rust。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md:25 +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md:7 +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md:6 +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md:15 msgid "\"C++\"" msgstr "\"C++\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md:26 +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md:8 msgid "\"include/blobstore.h\"" msgstr "\"include/blobstore.h\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md:40 msgid "The bridge is generally declared in an `ffi` module within your crate." msgstr "桥接通常在您的 crate 内的 `ffi` 模块中声明。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md:41 msgid "" -"From the declarations made in the bridge module, CXX will generate matching " -"Rust and C++ type/function definitions in order to expose those items to " -"both languages." +"From the declarations made in the bridge module, CXX will generate matching Rust and C++ " +"type/function definitions in order to expose those items to both languages." msgstr "" -"根据在桥接模块中进行的声明，CXX 将生成匹配的 Rust 和 C++ 类型/函数定义，以便" -"将这些内容公开给这两种语言。" +"根据在桥接模块中进行的声明，CXX 将生成匹配的 Rust 和 C++ 类型/函数定义，以便将这些内容公" +"开给这两种语言。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md:44 msgid "" -"To view the generated Rust code, use [cargo-expand](https://github.com/" -"dtolnay/cargo-expand) to view the expanded proc macro. For most of the " -"examples you would use `cargo expand ::ffi` to expand just the `ffi` module " +"To view the generated Rust code, use cargo-expand to view the expanded proc macro. For " +"most of the examples you would use `cargo expand ::ffi` to expand just the `ffi` module " "(though this doesn't apply for Android projects)." msgstr "" -"如需查看生成的 Rust 代码，请使用 [cargo-expand](https://github.com/dtolnay/" -"cargo-expand) 查看展开后的 proc 宏。对于大多数示例，您可以使用 `cargo " -"expand ::ffi` 来仅展开 `ffi` 模块（但这不适用于 Android 项目）。" +"要查看生成的 Rust 代码，请使用 cargo-expand 来查看已扩展的过程宏。对于大多数示例，您可以" +"使用 `cargo expand ::ffi` 仅扩展 `ffi` 模块（尽管这不适用于 Android 项目）。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md:47 msgid "To view the generated C++ code, look in `target/cxxbridge`." msgstr "如需查看生成的 C++ 代码，请在 `target/cxxbridge` 中查找。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md:1 msgid "Rust Bridge Declarations" msgstr "Rust 桥接声明" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md -msgid "// Opaque type\n" -msgstr "// Opaque type\n" +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md:7 +msgid "// Opaque type" +msgstr "// 不透明类型" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md -msgid "// Method on `MyType`\n" -msgstr "// Method on `MyType`\n" +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md:8 +msgid "// Method on `MyType`" +msgstr "// `MyType` 上的方法" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "// Free function\n" -msgstr "函数" +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md:9 +msgid "// Free function" +msgstr "// 自由函数" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md:28 msgid "" -"Items declared in the `extern \"Rust\"` reference items that are in scope in " -"the parent module." +"Items declared in the `extern \"Rust\"` reference items that are in scope in the parent " +"module." msgstr "`extern \"Rust\"` 中声明的内容引用了父级模块中作用域内的内容。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md:30 msgid "" -"The CXX code generator uses your `extern \"Rust\"` section(s) to produce a C+" -"+ header file containing the corresponding C++ declarations. The generated " -"header has the same path as the Rust source file containing the bridge, " -"except with a .rs.h file extension." +"The CXX code generator uses your `extern \"Rust\"` section(s) to produce a C++ header " +"file containing the corresponding C++ declarations. The generated header has the same " +"path as the Rust source file containing the bridge, except with a .rs.h file extension." msgstr "" -"CXX 代码生成器使用 `extern \"Rust\"` 部分生成包含相应 C++ 声明的 C++ 头文件。" -"生成的头文件与包含桥接的 Rust 源文件的路径相同，但文件扩展名为 .rs.h。" +"CXX 代码生成器使用 `extern \"Rust\"` 部分生成包含相应 C++ 声明的 C++ 头文件。生成的头文件" +"与包含桥接的 Rust 源文件的路径相同，但文件扩展名为 .rs.h。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/generated-cpp.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/generated-cpp.md:15 msgid "Results in (roughly) the following C++:" msgstr "大致生成以下 C++：" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md:1 msgid "C++ Bridge Declarations" msgstr "C++ 桥接声明" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md:20 msgid "Results in (roughly) the following Rust:" msgstr "大致生成以下 Rust：" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md:30 msgid "\"org$blobstore$cxxbridge1$new_blobstore_client\"" msgstr "\"org$blobstore$cxxbridge1$new_blobstore_client\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md:39 msgid "\"org$blobstore$cxxbridge1$BlobstoreClient$put\"" msgstr "\"org$blobstore$cxxbridge1$BlobstoreClient$put\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md:56 msgid "" -"The programmer does not need to promise that the signatures they have typed " -"in are accurate. CXX performs static assertions that the signatures exactly " -"correspond with what is declared in C++." +"The programmer does not need to promise that the signatures they have typed in are " +"accurate. CXX performs static assertions that the signatures exactly correspond with " +"what is declared in C++." msgstr "" -"程序员无需承诺他们输入的签名准确无误。CXX 会执行静态断言，确认签名与 C++ 中声" -"明的内容完全一致。" +"程序员无需承诺他们输入的签名准确无误。CXX 会执行静态断言，确认签名与 C++ 中声明的内容完全" +"一致。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md:59 msgid "" -"`unsafe extern` blocks allow you to declare C++ functions that are safe to " -"call from Rust." +"`unsafe extern` blocks allow you to declare C++ functions that are safe to call from " +"Rust." msgstr "借助 `unsafe extern` 代码块，您可以声明可从 Rust 安全调用的 C++ 函数。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-types.md -msgid "// A=1, J=11, Q=12, K=13\n" -msgstr "// A=1, J=11, Q=12, K=13\n" +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-types.md:9 +msgid "// A=1, J=11, Q=12, K=13" +msgstr "// A=1, J=11, Q=12, K=13" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-types.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-types.md:23 msgid "Only C-like (unit) enums are supported." msgstr "仅支持类似 C 函数（单元）的枚举。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-types.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-types.md:24 msgid "" "A limited number of traits are supported for `#[derive()]` on shared types. " -"Corresponding functionality is also generated for the C++ code, e.g. if you " -"derive `Hash` also generates an implementation of `std::hash` for the " -"corresponding C++ type." +"Corresponding functionality is also generated for the C++ code, e.g. if you derive " +"`Hash` also generates an implementation of `std::hash` for the corresponding C++ type." msgstr "" -"共享类型的 `#[derive()]` 支持有限数量的 trait。系统还会针对 C++ 代码生成相应" -"的功能，例如，如果您派生了 `Hash`，还会为相应的 C++ 类型生成 `std::hash` 实" -"现。" +"共享类型的 `#[derive()]` 支持有限数量的 trait。系统还会针对 C++ 代码生成相应的功能，例" +"如，如果您派生了 `Hash`，还会为相应的 C++ 类型生成 `std::hash` 实现。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-enums.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-enums.md:15 msgid "Generated Rust:" msgstr "生成的 Rust：" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-enums.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-enums.md:33 msgid "Generated C++:" msgstr "生成的 C++：" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-enums.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-enums.md:46 msgid "" -"On the Rust side, the code generated for shared enums is actually a struct " -"wrapping a numeric value. This is because it is not UB in C++ for an enum " -"class to hold a value different from all of the listed variants, and our " -"Rust representation needs to have the same behavior." +"On the Rust side, the code generated for shared enums is actually a struct wrapping a " +"numeric value. This is because it is not UB in C++ for an enum class to hold a value " +"different from all of the listed variants, and our Rust representation needs to have the " +"same behavior." msgstr "" -"在 Rust 端，为共享枚举生成的代码实际上是封装数值的结构体。这是因为在 C++ 中，" -"枚举类存储与所有已列变体不同的值不属于 UB，而 Rust 表示法需要具有相同的行为。" +"在 Rust 端，为共享枚举生成的代码实际上是封装数值的结构体。这是因为在 C++ 中，枚举类存储与" +"所有已列变体不同的值不属于 UB，而 Rust 表示法需要具有相同的行为。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md:13 msgid "\"fallible1 requires depth > 0\"" msgstr "\"fallible1 requires depth > 0\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md:16 msgid "\"Success!\"" msgstr "\"Success!\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md -msgid "" -"Rust functions that return `Result` are translated to exceptions on the C++ " -"side." +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md:22 +msgid "Rust functions that return `Result` are translated to exceptions on the C++ side." msgstr "在 C++ 方面，返回 `Result` 的 Rust 函数会被翻译为异常。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md:24 msgid "" -"The exception thrown will always be of type `rust::Error`, which primarily " -"exposes a way to get the error message string. The error message will come " -"from the error type's `Display` impl." +"The exception thrown will always be of type `rust::Error`, which primarily exposes a way " +"to get the error message string. The error message will come from the error type's " +"`Display` impl." msgstr "" -"抛出的异常始终是 `rust::Error` 类型，该类型主要用于提供获取错误消息字符串的方" -"法。错误消息将由错误类型的 `Display` impl 提供。" +"抛出的异常始终是 `rust::Error` 类型，该类型主要用于提供获取错误消息字符串的方法。错误消息" +"将由错误类型的 `Display` impl 提供。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md:27 msgid "" -"A panic unwinding from Rust to C++ will always cause the process to " -"immediately terminate." +"A panic unwinding from Rust to C++ will always cause the process to immediately " +"terminate." msgstr "当 panic 从 Rust 展开到 C++ 时，会始终导致进程立即终止。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md:7 msgid "\"example/include/example.h\"" msgstr "\"example/include/example.h\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md:14 msgid "\"Error: {}\"" msgstr "\"Error: {}\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md:22 msgid "" -"C++ functions declared to return a `Result` will catch any thrown exception " -"on the C++ side and return it as an `Err` value to the calling Rust function." +"C++ functions declared to return a `Result` will catch any thrown exception on the C++ " +"side and return it as an `Err` value to the calling Rust function." msgstr "" -"声明用于返回 `Result` 的 C++ 函数将捕获 C++ 端抛出的任何异常，并将其作为 " -"`Err` 值返回给调用 Rust 函数。" +"声明用于返回 `Result` 的 C++ 函数将捕获 C++ 端抛出的任何异常，并将其作为 `Err` 值返回给调" +"用 Rust 函数。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md:24 msgid "" -"If an exception is thrown from an extern \"C++\" function that is not " -"declared by the CXX bridge to return `Result`, the program calls C++'s `std::" -"terminate`. The behavior is equivalent to the same exception being thrown " -"through a `noexcept` C++ function." +"If an exception is thrown from an extern \"C++\" function that is not declared by the " +"CXX bridge to return `Result`, the program calls C++'s `std::terminate`. The behavior is " +"equivalent to the same exception being thrown through a `noexcept` C++ function." msgstr "" -"如果外部 “C++”函数抛出l了异常，但 CXX 桥接中未声明该函数用于返回 `Result`，则" -"程序会调用 C++ 的 `std::terminate`。此行为等同于通过 C++ 函数 `nowithout` 抛" -"出了相同的异常。" - -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "Rust Type" -msgstr "Rust 示例" +"如果外部 “C++”函数抛出l了异常，但 CXX 桥接中未声明该函数用于返回 `Result`，则程序会调用 " +"C++ 的 `std::terminate`。此行为等同于通过 C++ 函数 `nowithout` 抛出了相同的异常。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md:3 msgid "C++ Type" -msgstr "C++ 示例" +msgstr "C++ 类型" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md:5 msgid "`rust::String`" msgstr "`rust::String`" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md:6 msgid "`&str`" msgstr "`&str`" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md:6 msgid "`rust::Str`" msgstr "`rust::Str`" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md:7 msgid "`CxxString`" -msgstr "String" +msgstr "`CxxString`" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md:7 msgid "`std::string`" -msgstr "String" +msgstr "`std::string`" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md:8 msgid "`&[T]`/`&mut [T]`" msgstr "`&[T]`/`&mut [T]`" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md:8 msgid "`rust::Slice`" -msgstr "`rust_ffi`" +msgstr "`rust::Slice`" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md:9 msgid "`rust::Box`" msgstr "`rust::Box`" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md:10 msgid "`UniquePtr`" msgstr "`UniquePtr`" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md:10 msgid "`std::unique_ptr`" msgstr "`std::unique_ptr`" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "`Vec`" -msgstr "`Vec`" - -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md:11 msgid "`rust::Vec`" msgstr "`rust::Vec`" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md:12 msgid "`CxxVector`" -msgstr "`Cell`" +msgstr "`CxxVector`" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md:12 msgid "`std::vector`" msgstr "`std::vector`" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md:16 msgid "" -"These types can be used in the fields of shared structs and the arguments " -"and returns of extern functions." +"These types can be used in the fields of shared structs and the arguments and returns of " +"extern functions." msgstr "这些类型可用于共享结构体的字段以及外部函数的参数和返回结果。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md:18 msgid "" -"Note that Rust's `String` does not map directly to `std::string`. There are " -"a few reasons for this:" +"Note that Rust's `String` does not map directly to `std::string`. There are a few " +"reasons for this:" msgstr "" -"请注意，Rust 的 `String` 不会直接映射到 `std::string`。导致这种情况的原因有以" -"下几种：" +"请注意，Rust 的 `String` 不会直接映射到 `std::string`。导致这种情况的原因有以下几种：" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md -msgid "" -"`std::string` does not uphold the UTF-8 invariant that `String` requires." +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md:20 +msgid "`std::string` does not uphold the UTF-8 invariant that `String` requires." msgstr "`std::string` 不遵循 `String` 所需的 UTF-8 不变性。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md:21 msgid "" -"The two types have different layouts in memory and so can't be passed " -"directly between languages." +"The two types have different layouts in memory and so can't be passed directly between " +"languages." msgstr "这两种类型的内存布局不同，因此无法直接在语言之间进行传递。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md:23 msgid "" -"`std::string` requires move constructors that don't match Rust's move " -"semantics, so a `std::string` can't be passed by value to Rust." +"`std::string` requires move constructors that don't match Rust's move semantics, so a " +"`std::string` can't be passed by value to Rust." msgstr "" -"`std::string` 需要与 Rust 的移动语义不匹配的 move 构造函数，因此 `std::" -"string` 无法按值传递给 Rust。" +"`std::string` 需要与 Rust 的移动语义不匹配的 move 构造函数，因此 `std::string` 无法按值传" +"递给 Rust。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md:1 +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md:1 +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md:1 msgid "Building in Android" -msgstr "Android 中的 Rust" +msgstr "在 Android 上构建" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md:3 msgid "" -"Create a `cc_library_static` to build the C++ library, including the CXX " -"generated header and source file." -msgstr "" -"创建 `cc_library_static` 以构建 C++ 库，包括 CXX 生成的头文件和源文件。" +"Create a `cc_library_static` to build the C++ library, including the CXX generated " +"header and source file." +msgstr "创建 `cc_library_static` 以构建 C++ 库，包括 CXX 生成的头文件和源文件。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md:8 +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md:10 msgid "\"libcxx_test_cpp\"" msgstr "\"libcxx_test_cpp\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md:9 msgid "\"cxx_test.cpp\"" msgstr "\"cxx_test.cpp\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md:11 msgid "\"cxx-bridge-header\"" msgstr "\"cxx-bridge-header\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md:12 +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md:10 msgid "\"libcxx_test_bridge_header\"" msgstr "\"libcxx_test_bridge_header\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md:14 +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md:19 msgid "\"libcxx_test_bridge_code\"" msgstr "\"libcxx_test_bridge_code\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md:20 msgid "" -"Point out that `libcxx_test_bridge_header` and `libcxx_test_bridge_code` are " -"the dependencies for the CXX-generated C++ bindings. We'll show how these " -"are setup on the next slide." +"Point out that `libcxx_test_bridge_header` and `libcxx_test_bridge_code` are the " +"dependencies for the CXX-generated C++ bindings. We'll show how these are setup on the " +"next slide." msgstr "" -"指出 `libcxx_test_bridge_header` 和 `libcxx_test_bridge_code` 是 CXX 生成的 " -"C++ 绑定的依赖项。我们将在下一张幻灯片中介绍具体的设置方法。" +"指出 `libcxx_test_bridge_header` 和 `libcxx_test_bridge_code` 是 CXX 生成的 C++ 绑定的依" +"赖项。我们将在下一张幻灯片中介绍具体的设置方法。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md:23 msgid "" -"Note that you also need to depend on the `cxx-bridge-header` library in " -"order to pull in common CXX definitions." +"Note that you also need to depend on the `cxx-bridge-header` library in order to pull in " +"common CXX definitions." msgstr "请注意，您还需要依靠 `cxx-bridge-header` 库才能提取常见的 CXX 定义。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md:25 msgid "" -"Full docs for using CXX in Android can be found in [the Android docs]" -"(https://source.android.com/docs/setup/build/rust/building-rust-modules/" -"android-rust-patterns#rust-cpp-interop-using-cxx). You may want to share " -"that link with the class so that students know where they can find these " +"Full docs for using CXX in Android can be found in the Android docs. You may want to " +"share that link with the class so that students know where they can find these " "instructions again in the future." msgstr "" -"如需了解如何在 Android 中使用 CXX 的完整文档，请参阅 [Android 文档](https://" -"source.android.com/docs/setup/build/rust/building-rust-modules/android-rust-" -"patterns#rust-cpp-interop-using-cxx)。建议您与全班同学分享该链接，以便学生知" -"道日后可以在哪里找到这些说明。" +"完整的在 Android 上使用 CXX 的文档可以在 Android 文档中找到。你可能想与班级分享这个链接，" +"这样学生们将来可以知道他们可以找到这些说明。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md:3 msgid "" -"Create two genrules: One to generate the CXX header, and one to generate the " -"CXX source file. These are then used as inputs to the `cc_library_static`." +"Create two genrules: One to generate the CXX header, and one to generate the CXX source " +"file. These are then used as inputs to the `cc_library_static`." msgstr "" -"创建两个 genrule：一个用于生成 CXX 头文件，另一个用于生成 CXX 源文件。然后，" -"这些内容会被用作 `cc_library_static` 的输入。" +"创建两个 genrule：一个用于生成 CXX 头文件，另一个用于生成 CXX 源文件。然后，这些内容会被" +"用作 `cc_library_static` 的输入。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "// Generate a C++ header containing the C++ bindings" -msgstr "" -"// Generate a C++ header containing the C++ bindings\n" -"// to the Rust exported functions in lib.rs.\n" +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md:7 +msgid "" +"// Generate a C++ header containing the C++ bindings // to the Rust exported functions " +"in lib.rs." +msgstr "// 生成一个包含对 lib.rs 中 Rust 导出函数的 C++ 绑定的 C++ 头文件。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "// to the Rust exported functions in lib.rs." -msgstr "" -"// Generate a C++ header containing the C++ bindings\n" -"// to the Rust exported functions in lib.rs.\n" - -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md:11 +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md:20 msgid "\"cxxbridge\"" msgstr "\"cxxbridge\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md:12 msgid "\"$(location cxxbridge) $(in) --header > $(out)\"" msgstr "\"$(location cxxbridge) $(in) --header > $(out)\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md:13 +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md:22 +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md:8 msgid "\"lib.rs\"" msgstr "\"lib.rs\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md:14 msgid "\"lib.rs.h\"" msgstr "\"lib.rs.h\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md:16 msgid "// Generate the C++ code that Rust calls into." -msgstr "// Generate the C++ code that Rust calls into.\n" +msgstr "// 生成 Rust 调用的 C++ 代码。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md:21 msgid "\"$(location cxxbridge) $(in) > $(out)\"" msgstr "\"$(location cxxbridge) $(in) > $(out)\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md:23 msgid "\"lib.rs.cc\"" -msgstr "\"lib.rs.cc\"" +msgstr "“lib.rs.cc”" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md:29 msgid "" -"The `cxxbridge` tool is a standalone tool that generates the C++ side of the " -"bridge module. It is included in Android and available as a Soong tool." +"The `cxxbridge` tool is a standalone tool that generates the C++ side of the bridge " +"module. It is included in Android and available as a Soong tool." msgstr "" -"`cxxbridge` 工具是一款独立工具，用于生成桥接模块的 C++ 端。它包含在 Android " -"中，并作为 Soong 工具提供。" +"`cxxbridge` 工具是一款独立工具，用于生成桥接模块的 C++ 端。它包含在 Android 中，并作为 " +"Soong 工具提供。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md:31 msgid "" -"By convention, if your Rust source file is `lib.rs` your header file will be " -"named `lib.rs.h` and your source file will be named `lib.rs.cc`. This naming " -"convention isn't enforced, though." +"By convention, if your Rust source file is `lib.rs` your header file will be named `lib." +"rs.h` and your source file will be named `lib.rs.cc`. This naming convention isn't " +"enforced, though." msgstr "" -"按照惯例，如果您的 Rust 源文件是 `lib.rs`，则头文件将命名为 `lib.rs.h`，源文" -"件将命名为 `lib.rs.cc`。不过，系统并不强制执行此命名惯例。" +"按照惯例，如果您的 Rust 源文件是 `lib.rs`，则头文件将命名为 `lib.rs.h`，源文件将命名为 " +"`lib.rs.cc`。不过，系统并不强制执行此命名惯例。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md -msgid "" -"Create a `rust_binary` that depends on `libcxx` and your `cc_library_static`." +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md:3 +msgid "Create a `rust_binary` that depends on `libcxx` and your `cc_library_static`." msgstr "创建一个依赖于 `libcxx` 和 `cc_library_static` 的 `rust_binary`。" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md:7 msgid "\"cxx_test\"" msgstr "\"cxx_test\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md +#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md:9 msgid "\"libcxx\"" msgstr "\"libcxx\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/java.md +#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:1 msgid "Interoperability with Java" msgstr "与 Java 的互操作性" -#: src/android/interoperability/java.md +#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:3 msgid "" -"Java can load shared objects via [Java Native Interface (JNI)](https://en." -"wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Native_Interface). The [`jni` crate](https://docs.rs/" -"jni/) allows you to create a compatible library." +"Java can load shared objects via Java Native Interface (JNI). The `jni` crate allows you " +"to create a compatible library." msgstr "" -"Java可以通过 [ Java 本地接口 (JNI)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" -"Java_Native_Interface) 加载共享对象。[`jni` crate](https://docs.rs/jni/) 允许" -"您创建一个兼容的库。" +"Java 可以通过 Java Native Interface (JNI) 加载共享对象。`jni` crate 允许你创建一个兼容的" +"库。" -#: src/android/interoperability/java.md +#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:8 msgid "First, we create a Rust function to export to Java:" msgstr "首先，我们创建一个可以导出到 Java 的 Rust 函数：" -#: src/android/interoperability/java.md +#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:10 msgid "_interoperability/java/src/lib.rs_:" msgstr "_interoperability/java/src/lib.rs_:" -#: src/android/interoperability/java.md -msgid "//! Rust <-> Java FFI demo.\n" -msgstr "//! Rust <-> Java FFI demo.\n" +#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:13 +msgid "//! Rust \\<\\-> Java FFI demo." +msgstr "//! Rust \\<\\-> Java FFI 示例。" -#: src/android/interoperability/java.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "/// HelloWorld::hello method implementation.\n" -msgstr "/// HelloWorld::hello method implementation.\n" +#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:18 +msgid "/// HelloWorld::hello method implementation." +msgstr "/// `HelloWorld::hello` 方法实现。" -#: src/android/interoperability/java.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:21 msgid "\"system\"" -msgstr "\"system\"" +msgstr "“system”" -#: src/android/interoperability/java.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:27 msgid "\"Hello, {input}!\"" -msgstr "\"Hello, {input}!\"" +msgstr "“Hello, {input}!”" -#: src/android/interoperability/java.md +#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:33 src/android/interoperability/java.md:63 msgid "_interoperability/java/Android.bp_:" msgstr "_interoperability/java/Android.bp_:" -#: src/android/interoperability/java.md +#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:37 src/android/interoperability/java.md:70 msgid "\"libhello_jni\"" msgstr "\"libhello_jni\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/java.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:38 src/android/interoperability/java.md:53 msgid "\"hello_jni\"" -msgstr "\"hello_jni\"" +msgstr "“hello_jni”" -#: src/android/interoperability/java.md +#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:40 msgid "\"libjni\"" msgstr "\"libjni\"" -#: src/android/interoperability/java.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:44 msgid "We then call this function from Java:" -msgstr "最后，我们可以从 Java 中调用这个函数：" +msgstr "然后我们从 Java 调用这个函数：" -#: src/android/interoperability/java.md +#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:46 msgid "_interoperability/java/HelloWorld.java_:" msgstr "_interoperability/java/HelloWorld.java_:" -#: src/android/interoperability/java.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:67 msgid "\"helloworld_jni\"" -msgstr "\"helloworld_jni\"" +msgstr "“helloworld_jni”" -#: src/android/interoperability/java.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:68 msgid "\"HelloWorld.java\"" -msgstr "\"HelloWorld.java\"" +msgstr "“HelloWorld.java”" -#: src/android/interoperability/java.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:69 msgid "\"HelloWorld\"" -msgstr "Hello World!" +msgstr "“HelloWorld”" -#: src/android/interoperability/java.md +#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:74 msgid "Finally, you can build, sync, and run the binary:" msgstr "最后，您可以构建、同步和运行二进制文件：" #: src/exercises/android/morning.md msgid "" -"This is a group exercise: We will look at one of the projects you work with " -"and try to integrate some Rust into it. Some suggestions:" +"This is a group exercise: We will look at one of the projects you work with and try to " +"integrate some Rust into it. Some suggestions:" msgstr "" -"这是一个小组练习：我们将查看你们正在处理的项目之一，并尝试将一些 Rust 代码集" -"成进去。以下是一些建议：" +"这是一个小组练习：我们将查看你们正在处理的项目之一，并尝试将一些 Rust 代码集成进去。以下" +"是一些建议：" #: src/exercises/android/morning.md msgid "Call your AIDL service with a client written in Rust." @@ -13951,88 +12559,79 @@ msgstr "将你项目中的某个函数迁移到 Rust 中并调用它。" #: src/exercises/android/morning.md msgid "" -"No solution is provided here since this is open-ended: it relies on someone " -"in the class having a piece of code which you can turn in to Rust on the fly." +"No solution is provided here since this is open-ended: it relies on someone in the class " +"having a piece of code which you can turn in to Rust on the fly." msgstr "" -"此处没有提供解决方案，因为这是开放式的：它依赖于班级中是否有人有一段您可以即" -"时转换成 Rust 的代码。" +"此处没有提供解决方案，因为这是开放式的：它依赖于班级中是否有人有一段您可以即时转换成 " +"Rust 的代码。" #: src/chromium.md -#, fuzzy msgid "Welcome to Rust in Chromium" -msgstr "欢迎来到Android 中的Rust" +msgstr "欢迎来到 Chromium 中的 Rust" #: src/chromium.md msgid "" -"Rust is supported for third-party libraries in Chromium, with first-party " -"glue code to connect between Rust and existing Chromium C++ code." +"Rust is supported for third-party libraries in Chromium, with first-party glue code to " +"connect between Rust and existing Chromium C++ code." msgstr "" -"Chromium 中的第三方库支持 Rust，并使用第一方粘合代码连接 Rust 和现有 " -"Chromium C++ 代码。" +"Chromium 中的第三方库支持 Rust，并使用第一方粘合代码连接 Rust 和现有 Chromium C++ 代码。" #: src/chromium.md msgid "" -"Today, we'll call into Rust to do something silly with strings. If you've " -"got a corner of the code where you're displaying a UTF8 string to the user, " -"feel free to follow this recipe in your part of the codebase instead of the " -"exact part we talk about." +"Today, we'll call into Rust to do something silly with strings. If you've got a corner " +"of the code where you're displaying a UTF8 string to the user, feel free to follow this " +"recipe in your part of the codebase instead of the exact part we talk about." msgstr "" -"今天，我们将调用 Rust 对字符串进行一些有趣的操作。如果您的代码中某个部分是用" -"于向用户展示 UTF8 字符串，那么可以在代码库中的对应部分按照这个步骤来操作，而" -"不一定要在我们所讨论的确切部分。" +"今天，我们将调用 Rust 对字符串进行一些有趣的操作。如果您的代码中某个部分是用于向用户展示 " +"UTF8 字符串，那么可以在代码库中的对应部分按照这个步骤来操作，而不一定要在我们所讨论的确切" +"部分。" #: src/chromium/setup.md msgid "" -"Make sure you can build and run Chromium. Any platform and set of build " -"flags is OK, so long as your code is relatively recent (commit position " -"1223636 onwards, corresponding to November 2023):" +"Make sure you can build and run Chromium. Any platform and set of build flags is OK, so " +"long as your code is relatively recent (commit position 1223636 onwards, corresponding " +"to November 2023):" msgstr "" -"请确保您可以构建并运行 Chromium。只要您的代码较新（提交位置始于 1223636，对应" -"于 2023 年 11 月），则可在任何平台和任何一组 build 标志下运行。" +"请确保您可以构建并运行 Chromium。只要您的代码较新（提交位置始于 1223636，对应于 2023 年 " +"11 月），则可在任何平台和任何一组 build 标志下运行：" #: src/chromium/setup.md msgid "" -"(A component, debug build is recommended for quickest iteration time. This " -"is the default!)" +"(A component, debug build is recommended for quickest iteration time. This is the " +"default!)" msgstr "（建议使用调试 build 组件，以缩短迭代时间。这是默认值！）" #: src/chromium/setup.md msgid "" -"See [How to build Chromium](https://www.chromium.org/developers/how-tos/get-" -"the-code/) if you aren't already at that point. Be warned: setting up to " +"See How to build Chromium if you aren't already at that point. Be warned: setting up to " "build Chromium takes time." msgstr "" -"如果您不具备这点，请参阅 [如何构建 Chromium](https://www.chromium.org/" -"developers/how-tos/get-the-code/)。注意：设置 build Chromium 需要花些时间。" +"如果你还没有到那一步，请参阅如何构建 Chromium。请注意：设置构建 Chromium 需要一些时间。" #: src/chromium/setup.md msgid "It's also recommended that you have Visual Studio code installed." msgstr "此外，我们还建议您安装 Visual Studio 代码。" #: src/chromium/setup.md -#, fuzzy msgid "About the exercises" -msgstr "练习简介" +msgstr "关于这些练习" #: src/chromium/setup.md msgid "" -"This part of the course has a series of exercises which build on each other. " -"We'll be doing them spread throughout the course instead of just at the end. " -"If you don't have time to complete a certain part, don't worry: you can " -"catch up in the next slot." +"This part of the course has a series of exercises which build on each other. We'll be " +"doing them spread throughout the course instead of just at the end. If you don't have " +"time to complete a certain part, don't worry: you can catch up in the next slot." msgstr "" -"本课程的这一部分包含一系列练习，它们之间是相辅相成的。我们将在整个课程中进行" -"这些练习，而不仅仅是在最后阶段完成。如果您没有时间完成某个部分，也无需担心：" -"可以在下一阶段赶上进度。" +"本课程的这一部分包含一系列练习，它们之间是相辅相成的。我们将在整个课程中进行这些练习，而" +"不仅仅是在最后阶段完成。如果您没有时间完成某个部分，也无需担心：可以在下一阶段赶上进度。" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" -"Rust community typically uses `cargo` and libraries from [crates.io](https://" -"crates.io/). Chromium is built using `gn` and `ninja` and a curated set of " -"dependencies." +"The Rust community typically uses `cargo` and libraries from crates.io. Chromium is " +"built using `gn` and `ninja` and a curated set of dependencies." msgstr "" -"Rust 社区通常使用 `cargo` 和 [crates.io](https://crates.io/) 中的库。" -"Chromium 是使用 `gn` 和 `ninja` 以及一组精选依赖项而构建。" +"Rust 社区通常使用 `cargo` 和来自 crates.io 的库。Chromium 使用 `gn` 和 `ninja` 构建，以及" +"一组经过策划的依赖项。" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "When writing code in Rust, your choices are:" @@ -14040,45 +12639,33 @@ msgstr "使用 Rust 编写代码时，您可以选择：" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" -"Use `gn` and `ninja` with the help of the templates from `//build/rust/*." -"gni` (e.g. `rust_static_library` that we'll meet later). This uses " -"Chromium's audited toolchain and crates." +"Use `gn` and `ninja` with the help of the templates from `//build/rust/*.gni` (e.g. " +"`rust_static_library` that we'll meet later). This uses Chromium's audited toolchain and " +"crates." msgstr "" -"借助 `//build/rust/*.gni` 模板（例如 `rust_static_library`，我们稍后会介绍）" -"使用 `gn` 和 `ninja`。该操作会使用经过审核的 Chromium 工具链和 crate。" +"借助 `//build/rust/*.gni` 模板（例如 `rust_static_library`，我们稍后会介绍）使用 `gn` 和 " +"`ninja`。该操作会使用经过审核的 Chromium 工具链和 crate。" #: src/chromium/cargo.md -msgid "" -"Use `cargo`, but [restrict yourself to Chromium's audited toolchain and " -"crates](https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/refs/heads/main/" -"docs/rust.md#Using-cargo)" -msgstr "" -"使用 `cargo`，但 [仅限于经过审核的 Chromium 工具链和 crate](https://chromium." -"googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/refs/heads/main/docs/rust.md#Using-cargo)" +msgid "Use `cargo`, but restrict yourself to Chromium's audited toolchain and crates" +msgstr "使用 `cargo`，但限制自己使用 Chromium 审核过的工具链和 crates" #: src/chromium/cargo.md -msgid "" -"Use `cargo`, trusting a [toolchain](https://rustup.rs/) and/or [crates " -"downloaded from the internet](https://crates.io/)" -msgstr "" -"使用 `cargo`，信任 [工具链](https://rustup.rs/) 和/或 [从互联网下载的 crate]" -"(https://crates.io/)" +msgid "Use `cargo`, trusting a toolchain and/or crates downloaded from the internet" +msgstr "使用 `cargo`，信任从互联网下载的工具链和/或 crates" #: src/chromium/cargo.md -#, fuzzy msgid "" -"From here on we'll be focusing on `gn` and `ninja`, because this is how Rust " -"code can be built into the Chromium browser. At the same time, Cargo is an " -"important part of the Rust ecosystem and you should keep it in your toolbox." +"From here on we'll be focusing on `gn` and `ninja`, because this is how Rust code can be " +"built into the Chromium browser. At the same time, Cargo is an important part of the " +"Rust ecosystem and you should keep it in your toolbox." msgstr "" -"从现在开始，我们将重点介绍 `gn` 和 `ninja`，因为这是在 Chromium 浏览器构建 " -"Rust 代码时必会用到的两种方式。同时，Cargo 是 Rust 生态系统的重要组成部分，您" -"应将其视为必备工具。" +"从现在开始，我们将专注于 `gn` 和 `ninja`，因为这是如何将 Rust 代码构建到 Chromium 浏览器" +"中的。同时，Cargo 是 Rust 生态系统中的重要组成部分，你应该保留它在你的工具箱中。" #: src/chromium/cargo.md -#, fuzzy msgid "Mini exercise" -msgstr "习题" +msgstr "小练习" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "Split into small groups and:" @@ -14086,117 +12673,102 @@ msgstr "分成各个小组开展以下活动：" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" -"Brainstorm scenarios where `cargo` may offer an advantage and assess the " -"risk profile of these scenarios." +"Brainstorm scenarios where `cargo` may offer an advantage and assess the risk profile of " +"these scenarios." msgstr "思考 `cargo` 在哪些场景下具有优势，并评估这些场景的风险状况。" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" -"Discuss which tools, libraries, and groups of people need to be trusted when " -"using `gn` and `ninja`, offline `cargo`, etc." -msgstr "" -"讨论在使用 `gn` 和 `ninja` 以及离线 `cargo` 等时，需要信任哪些工具、库和人" -"群。" +"Discuss which tools, libraries, and groups of people need to be trusted when using `gn` " +"and `ninja`, offline `cargo`, etc." +msgstr "讨论在使用 `gn` 和 `ninja` 以及离线 `cargo` 等时，需要信任哪些工具、库和人群。" #: src/chromium/cargo.md -#, fuzzy msgid "" -"Ask students to avoid peeking at the speaker notes before completing the " -"exercise. Assuming folks taking the course are physically together, ask them " -"to discuss in small groups of 3-4 people." +"Ask students to avoid peeking at the speaker notes before completing the exercise. " +"Assuming folks taking the course are physically together, ask them to discuss in small " +"groups of 3-4 people." msgstr "" -"请要求学生在完成练习前先不要看演讲者备注。假设参加课程的学员们同处一室，请让" -"他们以 3-4 人的小组进行讨论。" +"请学生在完成练习之前不要偷看演讲者备注。假设参加课程的人都在一起，让他们分成3-4人的小组讨" +"论。" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" -"Notes/hints related to the first part of the exercise (\"scenarios where " -"Cargo may offer an advantage\"):" +"Notes/hints related to the first part of the exercise (\"scenarios where Cargo may offer " +"an advantage\"):" msgstr "与第一部分练习相关的备注/提示（“Cargo 可能具有优势的场景”）：" #: src/chromium/cargo.md -#, fuzzy msgid "" -"It's fantastic that when writing a tool, or prototyping a part of Chromium, " -"one has access to the rich ecosystem of crates.io libraries. There is a " -"crate for almost anything and they are usually quite pleasant to use. " -"(`clap` for command-line parsing, `serde` for serializing/deserializing to/" -"from various formats, `itertools` for working with iterators, etc.)." +"It's fantastic that when writing a tool, or prototyping a part of Chromium, one has " +"access to the rich ecosystem of crates.io libraries. There is a crate for almost " +"anything and they are usually quite pleasant to use. (`clap` for command-line parsing, " +"`serde` for serializing/deserializing to/from various formats, `itertools` for working " +"with iterators, etc.)." msgstr "" -"很棒的是，当我们在编写工具或对 Chromium 的某个部分进行原型设计时，可以轻松访" -"问丰富的 crate.io 库生态系统。几乎可以找到适用于任何需求的 crate，而且非常简" -"单易用。（例如，`clap` 用于命令行解析，`serde 用于序列化/反序列化各种格式，" -"`itertools` 用于和迭代器搭配使用等）。" +"在编写工具或原型化 Chromium 的某个部分时，可以访问丰富的 crates.io 库生态系统确实是很棒" +"的。几乎任何功能都有相应的 crate，并且它们通常很愉快地使用（比如 `clap` 用于命令行解析，" +"`serde` 用于各种格式的序列化/反序列化，`itertools` 用于处理迭代器等）。" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" -"`cargo` makes it easy to try a library (just add a single line to `Cargo." -"toml` and start writing code)" +"`cargo` makes it easy to try a library (just add a single line to `Cargo.toml` and start " +"writing code)" msgstr "" -"借助 `cargo`，您便可以轻松试用库（只需向 `Cargo.toml`` 添加一行代码然后开始编" -"写即可）" +"借助 `cargo`，您便可以轻松试用库（只需向 `Cargo.toml`` 添加一行代码然后开始编写即可）" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" -"It may be worth comparing how CPAN helped make `perl` a popular choice. Or " -"comparing with `python` + `pip`." +"It may be worth comparing how CPAN helped make `perl` a popular choice. Or comparing " +"with `python` + `pip`." msgstr "" -"不妨比较下 CPAN 是如何帮助 `perl` 成为热门之选的。或者与 `python` + `pip` 进" -"行比较。" +"不妨比较下 CPAN 是如何帮助 `perl` 成为热门之选的。或者与 `python` + `pip` 进行比较。" #: src/chromium/cargo.md -#, fuzzy msgid "" -"Development experience is made really nice not only by core Rust tools (e.g. " -"using `rustup` to switch to a different `rustc` version when testing a crate " -"that needs to work on nightly, current stable, and older stable) but also by " -"an ecosystem of third-party tools (e.g. Mozilla provides `cargo vet` for " -"streamlining and sharing security audits; `criterion` crate gives a " -"streamlined way to run benchmarks)." +"Development experience is made really nice not only by core Rust tools (e.g. using " +"`rustup` to switch to a different `rustc` version when testing a crate that needs to " +"work on nightly, current stable, and older stable) but also by an ecosystem of third-" +"party tools (e.g. Mozilla provides `cargo vet` for streamlining and sharing security " +"audits; `criterion` crate gives a streamlined way to run benchmarks)." msgstr "" -"良好的开发体验不仅得益于核心 Rust 工具（例如，在测试需要在夜间版、当前稳定版" -"和较旧稳定版上运行的 crate 时，使用 `rustup` 切换到不同的 `rustc` 版本），还" -"得益于第三方工具生态系统（例如，Mozilla 提供的 `cargo vet` 用于简化和共享安全" -"审核流程；`criterion` crate 为运行基准审核提供了便捷方式）。" +"开发体验不仅仅受益于核心 Rust 工具（例如，使用 `rustup` 在测试需要在 nightly、当前稳定版" +"和较旧稳定版上工作的 crate 时切换到不同的 `rustc` 版本），还受益于第三方工具生态系统（例" +"如，Mozilla 提供了 `cargo vet` 来简化和共享安全审计；`criterion` crate 提供了一种简化的方" +"式来运行基准测试）。" #: src/chromium/cargo.md -msgid "" -"`cargo` makes it easy to add a tool via `cargo install --locked cargo-vet`." -msgstr "" -"借助 `cargo`，您可通过 `cargo install --locked cargo-vet` 轻松添加工具。" +msgid "`cargo` makes it easy to add a tool via `cargo install --locked cargo-vet`." +msgstr "借助 `cargo`，您可通过 `cargo install --locked cargo-vet` 轻松添加工具。" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "It may be worth comparing with Chrome Extensions or VScode extensions." msgstr "不妨与 Chrome 扩展程序或 VScode 扩展程序进行比较。" #: src/chromium/cargo.md -msgid "" -"Broad, generic examples of projects where `cargo` may be the right choice:" +msgid "Broad, generic examples of projects where `cargo` may be the right choice:" msgstr "以下是一些适合选用 `cargo`，较为宽泛的通用项目示例：" #: src/chromium/cargo.md -#, fuzzy msgid "" -"Perhaps surprisingly, Rust is becoming increasingly popular in the industry " -"for writing command line tools. The breadth and ergonomics of libraries is " -"comparable to Python, while being more robust (thanks to the rich " -"typesystem) and running faster (as a compiled, rather than interpreted " -"language)." +"Perhaps surprisingly, Rust is becoming increasingly popular in the industry for writing " +"command line tools. The breadth and ergonomics of libraries is comparable to Python, " +"while being more robust (thanks to the rich typesystem) and running faster (as a " +"compiled, rather than interpreted language)." msgstr "" -"可能令人惊讶的是，Rust 在编写命令行工具方面越来越受到业界的欢迎。库在广度和工" -"效学设计方面与 Python 相当，同时更稳健（得益于丰富的类型系统）且运行速度更快" -"（作为编译语言而不是解释型语言）。" +"也许令人惊讶的是，Rust 在工业界编写命令行工具方面越来越受欢迎。库的广度和人性化程度与 " +"Python 相当，同时由于丰富的类型系统而更加健壮，并且运行速度更快（因为它是一种编译语言，而" +"不是解释语言）。" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" -"Participating in the Rust ecosystem requires using standard Rust tools like " -"Cargo. Libraries that want to get external contributions, and want to be " -"used outside of Chromium (e.g. in Bazel or Android/Soong build environments) " -"should probably use Cargo." +"Participating in the Rust ecosystem requires using standard Rust tools like Cargo. " +"Libraries that want to get external contributions, and want to be used outside of " +"Chromium (e.g. in Bazel or Android/Soong build environments) should probably use Cargo." msgstr "" -"如要加入 Rust 生态系统，必须使用 Cargo 等标准 Rust 工具。如果希望库获得外部贡" -"献，并且能够用于除 Chromium 之外（例如用于 Bazel 或 Android/Soong 构建环境）" -"的项目，则应该使用 Cargo。" +"如要加入 Rust 生态系统，必须使用 Cargo 等标准 Rust 工具。如果希望库获得外部贡献，并且能够" +"用于除 Chromium 之外（例如用于 Bazel 或 Android/Soong 构建环境）的项目，则应该使用 " +"Cargo。" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "Examples of Chromium-related projects that are `cargo`\\-based:" @@ -14204,11 +12776,10 @@ msgstr "基于 `cargo`\\ 的 Chromium 相关项目示例：" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" -"`serde_json_lenient` (experimented with in other parts of Google which " -"resulted in PRs with performance improvements)" +"`serde_json_lenient` (experimented with in other parts of Google which resulted in PRs " +"with performance improvements)" msgstr "" -"`serde_json_lenient`（已在 Google 的其他部分进行了实验，结果是能使 PR 性能得" -"到提升）" +"`serde_json_lenient`（已在 Google 的其他部分进行了实验，结果是能使 PR 性能得到提升）" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "Fontations libraries like `font-types`" @@ -14216,76 +12787,71 @@ msgstr "字体库（例如 `font-types`）" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" -"`gnrt` tool (we will meet it later in the course) which depends on `clap` " -"for command-line parsing and on `toml` for configuration files." +"`gnrt` tool (we will meet it later in the course) which depends on `clap` for command-" +"line parsing and on `toml` for configuration files." msgstr "" -"`gnrt` 工具（我们将在本课程稍后的部分中加以介绍）使用 `clap` 进行命令行解析，" -"使用 `toml` 处理配置文件。" +"`gnrt` 工具（我们将在本课程稍后的部分中加以介绍）使用 `clap` 进行命令行解析，使用 `toml` " +"处理配置文件。" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" -"Disclaimer: a unique reason for using `cargo` was unavailability of `gn` " -"when building and bootstrapping Rust standard library when building Rust " -"toolchain.)" +"Disclaimer: a unique reason for using `cargo` was unavailability of `gn` when building " +"and bootstrapping Rust standard library when building Rust toolchain." msgstr "" -"免责声明：必须使用 `cargo` 的一个原因是在构建 Rust 工具链时，无法使用 `gn` 来" -"构建和引导 Rust 标准库。）" +"免责声明：在构建 Rust 工具链时，使用 `cargo` 的一个独特原因是构建和引导 Rust 标准库时 " +"`gn` 不可用。" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" -"`run_gnrt.py` uses Chromium's copy of `cargo` and `rustc`. `gnrt` depends on " -"third-party libraries downloaded from the internet, by `run_gnrt.py` asks " -"`cargo` that only `--locked` content is allowed via `Cargo.lock`.)" +"`run_gnrt.py` uses Chromium's copy of `cargo` and `rustc`. `gnrt` depends on third-party " +"libraries downloaded from the internet, but `run_gnrt.py` asks `cargo` that only `--" +"locked` content is allowed via `Cargo.lock`.)" msgstr "" -"`run_gnrt.py` 使用 Chromium 的 `cargo` 和 `rustc` 副本。虽然 `gnrt` 依赖于从" -"互联网下载的第三方库，但 `run_gnrt.py` 规定 `cargo` 仅允许使用 `Cargo.lock` " -"中以 `--locked` 标记的内容。" +"`run_gnrt.py` 使用 Chromium 的 `cargo` 和 `rustc` 的副本。`gnrt` 依赖于从互联网下载的第三" +"方库，但 `run_gnrt.py` 要求 `cargo` 仅允许通过 `Cargo.lock` 获取 `—locked` 内容。" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" -"Students may identify the following items as being implicitly or explicitly " -"trusted:" +"Students may identify the following items as being implicitly or explicitly trusted:" msgstr "学生可将以下内容认定为隐式信任或明确信任：" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" -"`rustc` (the Rust compiler) which in turn depends on the LLVM libraries, the " -"Clang compiler, the `rustc` sources (fetched from GitHub, reviewed by Rust " -"compiler team), binary Rust compiler downloaded for bootstrapping" +"`rustc` (the Rust compiler) which in turn depends on the LLVM libraries, the Clang " +"compiler, the `rustc` sources (fetched from GitHub, reviewed by Rust compiler team), " +"binary Rust compiler downloaded for bootstrapping" msgstr "" -"`rustc`（Rust 编译器）则依赖于 LLVM 库、Clang 编译器、“rustc”源代码（从 " -"GitHub 获取，并由 Rust 编译器团队审核）、为引导而下载的二进制 Rust 编译器" +"`rustc`（Rust 编译器）则依赖于 LLVM 库、Clang 编译器、“rustc”源代码（从 GitHub 获取，并" +"由 Rust 编译器团队审核）、为引导而下载的二进制 Rust 编译器" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" -"`rustup` (it may be worth pointing out that `rustup` is developed under the " -"umbrella of the https://github.com/rust-lang/ organization - same as `rustc`)" +"`rustup` (it may be worth pointing out that `rustup` is developed under the umbrella of " +"the https://github.com/rust-lang/ organization - same as `rustc`)" msgstr "" -"`rustup`（值得注意的是，`rustup` 是在 https://github.com/rust-lang/ 保护下组" -"织开发的，与 `rustc` 相同。）" +"`rustup`（值得注意的是，`rustup` 是在 https://github.com/rust-lang/ 保护下组织开发的，与 " +"`rustc` 相同。）" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "`cargo`, `rustfmt`, etc." -msgstr "`cargo`、`rustfmt` 等" +msgstr "`cargo`、`rustfmt` 等。" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" -"Various internal infrastructure (bots that build `rustc`, system for " -"distributing the prebuilt toolchain to Chromium engineers, etc.)" +"Various internal infrastructure (bots that build `rustc`, system for distributing the " +"prebuilt toolchain to Chromium engineers, etc.)" msgstr "" -"各种内部基础架构（用于构建 `rustc` 的聊天机器人、用于将预构建工具链分发给 " -"Chromium 工程师的系统等。）" +"各种内部基础架构（用于构建 `rustc` 的聊天机器人、用于将预构建工具链分发给 Chromium 工程师" +"的系统等。）" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "Cargo tools like `cargo audit`, `cargo vet`, etc." -msgstr "`cargo Audit`、`cargo vet` 等 Cargo 工具" +msgstr "`cargo Audit`、`cargo vet` 等 Cargo 工具。" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" -"Rust libraries vendored into `//third_party/rust` (audited by " -"security@chromium.org)" -msgstr "" -"包含到 `//third_party/rust` 的 Rust 库（由 security@chromium.org 进行审核）" +"Rust libraries vendored into `//third_party/rust` (audited by security@chromium.org)" +msgstr "包含到 `//third_party/rust` 的 Rust 库（由 security@chromium.org 进行审核）" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "Other Rust libraries (some niche, some quite popular and commonly used)" @@ -14297,90 +12863,66 @@ msgstr "Chromium Rust 政策" #: src/chromium/policy.md msgid "" -"Chromium does not yet allow first-party Rust except in rare cases as " -"approved by Chromium's [Area Tech Leads](https://source.chromium.org/" -"chromium/chromium/src/+/main:ATL_OWNERS)." -msgstr "" -"Chromium 尚不支持使用第一方 Rust，除非是经过 [区域技术主管](https://source." -"chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:ATL_OWNERS) 批准的特殊情况。" +"Chromium does not yet allow first-party Rust except in rare cases as approved by " +"Chromium's Area Tech Leads." +msgstr "Chromium 目前不允许第一方 Rust，除非在 Chromium 的区域技术负责人批准的罕见情况下。" #: src/chromium/policy.md msgid "" -"Chromium's policy on third party libraries is outlined [here](https://" -"chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/main/docs/adding_to_third_party." -"md#rust) - Rust is allowed for third party libraries under various " -"circumstances, including if they're the best option for performance or for " -"security." +"Chromium's policy on third party libraries is outlined here - Rust is allowed for third " +"party libraries under various circumstances, including if they're the best option for " +"performance or for security." msgstr "" -"有关 Chromium 的第三方库政策，请参阅 [此处](https://chromium.googlesource." -"com/chromium/src/+/main/docs/adding_to_third_party.md#rust)。根据该这些政策，" -"在很多情况下允许将 Rust 作为第三方库使用，包括无论是在性能还是安全方面，它们" -"都是理想之选。" +"Chromium 对第三方库的政策在这里概述——Rust 可以在各种情况下用于第三方库，包括如果它们是性" +"能或安全性的最佳选择。" #: src/chromium/policy.md msgid "" -"Very few Rust libraries directly expose a C/C++ API, so that means that " -"nearly all such libraries will require a small amount of first-party glue " -"code." +"Very few Rust libraries directly expose a C/C++ API, so that means that nearly all such " +"libraries will require a small amount of first-party glue code." msgstr "" -"鲜少有 Rust 库会直接公开 C/C++ API，这意味着几乎所有此类库都需要使用少量的第" -"一方粘合代码。" +"鲜少有 Rust 库会直接公开 C/C++ API，这意味着几乎所有此类库都需要使用少量的第一方粘合代" +"码。" #: src/chromium/policy.md -#, fuzzy msgid "" "```bob\n" "\"C++\" Rust\n" -".- - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " -"-.\n" +".- - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" ": : : :\n" -": Existing Chromium : : Chromium Rust Existing " -"Rust :\n" -": \"C++\" : : \"wrapper\" " -"crate :\n" -": +---------------+ : : +----------------+ +-------------" -"+ :\n" -": | | : : | | | " -"| :\n" -": | o-----+-+-----------+-+-> o-+----------+--> " -"| :\n" -": | | : Language : | | Crate | " -"| :\n" -": +---------------+ : boundary : +----------------+ API +-------------" -"+ :\n" +": Existing Chromium : : Chromium Rust Existing Rust :\n" +": \"C++\" : : \"wrapper\" crate :\n" +": +---------------+ : : +----------------+ +-------------+ :\n" +": | | : : | | | | :\n" +": | o-----+-+-----------+-+-> o-+----------+--> | :\n" +": | | : Language : | | Crate | | :\n" +": +---------------+ : boundary : +----------------+ API +-------------+ :\n" ": : : :\n" -"`- - - - - - - - - -' `- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " -"-'\n" +"`- - - - - - - - - -' `- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" "```" msgstr "" "```bob\n" -" 栈 堆\n" -".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" -": : : :\n" -": s1 \"（无法访问）\" : : :\n" -": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+----+ :\n" -": | ptr | o---+---+--+--+-->| R | u | s | t | :\n" -": | len | 4 | : | : +----+----+----+----+ :\n" -": | capacity | 4 | : | : :\n" -": +-----------+-------+ : | : :\n" -": : | `- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" -": s2 : |\n" -": +-----------+-------+ : |\n" -": | ptr | o---+---+--'\n" -": | len | 4 | :\n" -": | capacity | 4 | :\n" -": +-----------+-------+ :\n" -": :\n" -"`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" +"\"C++\" Rust\n" +".- - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" +": : : :\n" +": Existing Chromium : : Chromium Rust Existing Rust :\n" +": \"C++\" : : \"wrapper\" crate :\n" +": +---------------+ : : +----------------+ +-------------+ :\n" +": | | : : | | | | :\n" +": | o——+-+—————+-+-> o-+—————+—————> | :\n" +": | | : Language : | | Crate | | :\n" +": +———————+ : boundary : +————————+ API +——————+ :\n" +": : : :\n" +"`- - - - - - - - - -‘ `- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -‘\n" "```" #: src/chromium/policy.md msgid "" -"First-party Rust glue code for a particular third-party crate should " -"normally be kept in `third_party/rust///wrapper`." +"First-party Rust glue code for a particular third-party crate should normally be kept in " +"`third_party/rust///wrapper`." msgstr "" -"特定第三方 crate 的第一方 Rust 粘合代码通常应放在 `third_party/rust//" -"/wrapper` 目录中。" +"特定第三方 crate 的第一方 Rust 粘合代码通常应放在 `third_party/rust///" +"wrapper` 目录中。" #: src/chromium/policy.md msgid "Because of this, today's course will be heavily focused on:" @@ -14399,27 +12941,23 @@ msgid "If this policy changes over time, the course will evolve to keep up." msgstr "如果此政策随时间而发生变化，则本课程也会随之更新。" #: src/chromium/build-rules.md -#, fuzzy msgid "Build rules" msgstr "构建规则" #: src/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" -"Rust code is usually built using `cargo`. Chromium builds with `gn` and " -"`ninja` for efficiency --- its static rules allow maximum parallelism. Rust " -"is no exception." +"Rust code is usually built using `cargo`. Chromium builds with `gn` and `ninja` for " +"efficiency --- its static rules allow maximum parallelism. Rust is no exception." msgstr "" -"Rust 代码通常使用 `cargo` 构建而成。为提高效率，Chromium 使用 `gn` 和 " -"`ninja` 进行构建，其静态规则支持实现最大程度的并行处理。Rust 也不例外。" +"Rust 代码通常使用 `cargo` 构建而成。为提高效率，Chromium 使用 `gn` 和 `ninja` 进行构建，" +"其静态规则支持实现最大程度的并行处理。Rust 也不例外。" #: src/chromium/build-rules.md -#, fuzzy msgid "Adding Rust code to Chromium" msgstr "在 Chromium 中添加 Rust 代码" #: src/chromium/build-rules.md -msgid "" -"In some existing Chromium `BUILD.gn` file, declare a `rust_static_library`:" +msgid "In some existing Chromium `BUILD.gn` file, declare a `rust_static_library`:" msgstr "在一些现有的 Chromium `BUILD.gn` 文件中，声明 `rust_static_library`：" #: src/chromium/build-rules.md @@ -14444,61 +12982,53 @@ msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" -"You can also add `deps` on other Rust targets. Later we'll use this to " -"depend upon third party code." -msgstr "" -"您还可以在其他 Rust 目标上添加 `deps`。稍后，我们通过该操作来使用第三方代码。" +"You can also add `deps` on other Rust targets. Later we'll use this to depend upon third " +"party code." +msgstr "您还可以在其他 Rust 目标上添加 `deps`。稍后，我们通过该操作来使用第三方代码。" #: src/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" -"You must specify _both_ the crate root, _and_ a full list of sources. The " -"`crate_root` is the file given to the Rust compiler representing the root " -"file of the compilation unit --- typically `lib.rs`. `sources` is a complete " -"list of all source files which `ninja` needs in order to determine when " -"rebuilds are necessary." +"You must specify _both_ the crate root, _and_ a full list of sources. The `crate_root` " +"is the file given to the Rust compiler representing the root file of the compilation " +"unit --- typically `lib.rs`. `sources` is a complete list of all source files which " +"`ninja` needs in order to determine when rebuilds are necessary." msgstr "" -"您必须 _同时_ 指定 crate 根目录 _和_ 完整的源代码列表。`crate_root` 是供 " -"Rust 编译器使用的文件，表示编译单元的根文件，通常为 `lib.rs`。`sources` 是所" -"有源文件的完整列表，`ninja` 需要用它来确定何时该进行重新构建。" +"您必须 _同时_ 指定 crate 根目录 _和_ 完整的源代码列表。`crate_root` 是供 Rust 编译器使用" +"的文件，表示编译单元的根文件，通常为 `lib.rs`。`sources` 是所有源文件的完整列表，`ninja` " +"需要用它来确定何时该进行重新构建。" #: src/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" -"(There's no such thing as a Rust `source_set`, because in Rust, an entire " -"crate is a compilation unit. A `static_library` is the smallest unit.)" +"(There's no such thing as a Rust `source_set`, because in Rust, an entire crate is a " +"compilation unit. A `static_library` is the smallest unit.)" msgstr "" -"（在 Rust 中，并不存在所谓的 Rust `source_set`，因为整个 crate 就是一个编译单" -"元。`static_library` 是最小的单元。）" +"（在 Rust 中，并不存在所谓的 Rust `source_set`，因为整个 crate 就是一个编译单元。" +"`static_library` 是最小的单元。）" #: src/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" -"Students might be wondering why we need a gn template, rather than using " -"[gn's built-in support for Rust static libraries](https://gn.googlesource." -"com/gn/+/main/docs/reference.md#func_static_library). The answer is that " -"this template provides support for CXX interop, Rust features, and unit " -"tests, some of which we'll use later." +"Students might be wondering why we need a gn template, rather than using gn's built-in " +"support for Rust static libraries. The answer is that this template provides support for " +"CXX interop, Rust features, and unit tests, some of which we'll use later." msgstr "" -"学生可能会疑惑为何我们需要 gn 模板，而不使用 [gn 内置的 Rust 静态库支持]" -"(https://gn.googlesource.com/gn/+/main/docs/reference." -"md#func_static_library) 进行操作。原因是此模板支持 CXX 互操作性、各项 Rust 功" -"能以及单元测试，我们稍后便会用到其中的一些功能。" +"学生可能会想知道为什么我们需要一个 gn 模板，而不是使用 gn 内置的支持 Rust 静态库的功能。" +"答案是这个模板提供了对 CXX 互操作性、Rust 特性和单元测试的支持，其中一些我们稍后会用到。" -#: src/chromium/build-rules/unsafe.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/chromium/build-rules/unsafe.md:1 msgid "Including `unsafe` Rust Code" msgstr "添加 `unsafe` Rust 代码" -#: src/chromium/build-rules/unsafe.md +#: src/chromium/build-rules/unsafe.md:3 msgid "" -"Unsafe Rust code is forbidden in `rust_static_library` by default --- it " -"won't compile. If you need unsafe Rust code, add `allow_unsafe = true` to " -"the gn target. (Later in the course we'll see circumstances where this is " -"necessary.)" +"Unsafe Rust code is forbidden in `rust_static_library` by default --- it won't compile. " +"If you need unsafe Rust code, add `allow_unsafe = true` to the gn target. (Later in the " +"course we'll see circumstances where this is necessary.)" msgstr "" -"默认情况下，禁止在 `rust_static_library` 中使用不安全的 Rust 代码，因为此类代" -"码无法编译。如需使用不安全的 Rust 代码，请将 `allow_unsafe = true` 添加到 gn " -"目标中。（在本课程的稍后部分，我们将介绍在哪些情形下必须这样做。）" +"默认情况下，禁止在 `rust_static_library` 中使用不安全的 Rust 代码，因为此类代码无法编译。" +"如需使用不安全的 Rust 代码，请将 `allow_unsafe = true` 添加到 gn 目标中。（在本课程的稍后" +"部分，我们将介绍在哪些情形下必须这样做。）" -#: src/chromium/build-rules/unsafe.md +#: src/chromium/build-rules/unsafe.md:7 msgid "" "```gn\n" "import(\"//build/rust/rust_static_library.gni\")\n" @@ -14526,11 +13056,11 @@ msgstr "" "}\n" "```" -#: src/chromium/build-rules/depending.md +#: src/chromium/build-rules/depending.md:3 msgid "Simply add the above target to the `deps` of some Chromium C++ target." msgstr "只需将上述目标添加到某些 Chromium C++ 目标的 `deps` 中即可。" -#: src/chromium/build-rules/depending.md +#: src/chromium/build-rules/depending.md:5 msgid "" "```gn\n" "import(\"//build/rust/rust_static_library.gni\")\n" @@ -14560,326 +13090,289 @@ msgstr "" "}\n" "```" -#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md +#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md:3 msgid "" -"Types are elided in Rust code, which makes a good IDE even more useful than " -"for C++. Visual Studio code works well for Rust in Chromium. To use it," +"Types are elided in Rust code, which makes a good IDE even more useful than for C++. " +"Visual Studio code works well for Rust in Chromium. To use it," msgstr "" -"在 Rust 代码中，通常会省略类型，这使得拥有强大的 IDE 甚至比 C++ 更为有用。" -"Visual Studio Code 非常适用于在 Chromium 中处理 Rust 代码。如需使用此功能，" +"在 Rust 代码中，通常会省略类型，这使得拥有强大的 IDE 甚至比 C++ 更为有用。Visual Studio " +"Code 非常适用于在 Chromium 中处理 Rust 代码。如需使用此功能，" -#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md +#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md:6 msgid "" -"Ensure your VSCode has the `rust-analyzer` extension, not earlier forms of " -"Rust support" -msgstr "" -"请确保您的 VSCode 安装了 `rust-analyzer` 扩展程序，而不是较早版本的 Rust 支持" -"插件。" +"Ensure your VSCode has the `rust-analyzer` extension, not earlier forms of Rust support" +msgstr "请确保您的 VSCode 安装了 `rust-analyzer` 扩展程序，而不是较早版本的 Rust 支持插件" -#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md -msgid "" -"`gn gen out/Debug --export-rust-project` (or equivalent for your output " -"directory)" +#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md:8 +msgid "`gn gen out/Debug --export-rust-project` (or equivalent for your output directory)" msgstr "`gn gen out/Debug --export-rust-project`（或输出目录的等效项）" -#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md +#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md:10 msgid "`ln -s out/Debug/rust-project.json rust-project.json`" msgstr "`In -s out/Debug/rust-project.json rust-project.json`" -#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md +#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md:16 msgid "" -"A demo of some of the code annotation and exploration features of rust-" -"analyzer might be beneficial if the audience are naturally skeptical of IDEs." +"A demo of some of the code annotation and exploration features of rust-analyzer might be " +"beneficial if the audience are naturally skeptical of IDEs." msgstr "" -"如果受众群体对 IDE 持有怀疑态度，不妨演示下 rust-analyzer 的部分代码注解和探" -"索功能，或许能让他们改观。" +"如果受众群体对 IDE 持有怀疑态度，不妨演示下 rust-analyzer 的部分代码注解和探索功能，或许" +"能让他们改观。" -#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md +#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md:19 msgid "" -"The following steps may help with the demo (but feel free to instead use a " -"piece of Chromium-related Rust that you are most familiar with):" +"The following steps may help with the demo (but feel free to instead use a piece of " +"Chromium-related Rust that you are most familiar with):" msgstr "" -"以下步骤可能会对演示有所帮助（但您也可以选用一段最为熟悉的 Chromium 相关 " -"Rust 代码）：" +"以下步骤可能会对演示有所帮助（但您也可以选用一段最为熟悉的 Chromium 相关 Rust 代码）：" -#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md +#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md:22 msgid "Open `components/qr_code_generator/qr_code_generator_ffi_glue.rs`" msgstr "打开 `components/qr_code_generator/qr_code_generator_ffi_glue.rs`" -#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md +#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md:23 msgid "" "Place the cursor over the `QrCode::new` call (around line 26) in " "\\`qr_code_generator_ffi_glue.rs" msgstr "" -"将光标置于 \\`qr_code_generator_ffi_glue.rs 中的 `QrCode::new` 调用（大约第 " -"26 行）上" +"将光标置于 \\`qr_code_generator_ffi_glue.rs 中的 `QrCode::new` 调用（大约第 26 行）上" -#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"Demo **show documentation** (typical bindings: vscode = ctrl k i; vim/CoC = " -"K)." -msgstr "" -"演示 **show documentation**（典型绑定：vscode = ctrl ki；vim/CoC = K）。" +#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md:25 +msgid "Demo **show documentation** (typical bindings: vscode = ctrl k i; vim/CoC = K)." +msgstr "演示 **show documentation**（典型绑定：vscode = ctrl ki；vim/CoC = K）。" -#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md:27 msgid "" -"Demo **go to definition** (typical bindings: vscode = F12; vim/CoC = g d). " -"(This will take you to `//third_party/rust/.../qr_code-.../src/lib.rs`.)" +"Demo **go to definition** (typical bindings: vscode = F12; vim/CoC = g d). (This will " +"take you to `//third_party/rust/.../qr_code-.../src/lib.rs`.)" msgstr "" -"演示 **go to definition**（典型绑定：vscode = F12；vim/CoC = gd）。（然后您会" -"前往 `//third_party/rust/.../qr_code-.../src/lib.rs`。）" +"演示 **go to definition**（典型绑定：vscode = F12；vim/CoC = gd）。（然后您会前往 `//" +"third_party/rust/.../qr_code-.../src/lib.rs`。）" -#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md +#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md:29 msgid "" -"Demo **outline** and navigate to the `QrCode::with_bits` method (around line " -"164; the outline is in the file explorer pane in vscode; typical vim/CoC " -"bindings = space o)" +"Demo **outline** and navigate to the `QrCode::with_bits` method (around line 164; the " +"outline is in the file explorer pane in vscode; typical vim/CoC bindings = space o)" msgstr "" -"演示 **outline** 并前往 `QrCode::with_bits` 方法（大约第 164 行；大纲位于 " -"vscode 中的文件资源管理器窗格中；典型绑定：vim/CoC = space o）" +"演示 **outline** 并前往 `QrCode::with_bits` 方法（大约第 164 行；大纲位于 vscode 中的文件" +"资源管理器窗格中；典型绑定：vim/CoC = space o）" -#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md +#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md:32 msgid "" -"Demo **type annotations** (there are quote a few nice examples in the " -"`QrCode::with_bits` method)" -msgstr "" -"演示 **type annotations**（`QrCode::with_bits` 方法中提供了一些很好的示例）" +"Demo **type annotations** (there are quote a few nice examples in the `QrCode::" +"with_bits` method)" +msgstr "演示 **type annotations**（`QrCode::with_bits` 方法中提供了一些很好的示例）" -#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md +#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md:35 msgid "" -"It may be worth pointing out that `gn gen ... --export-rust-project` will " -"need to be rerun after editing `BUILD.gn` files (which we will do a few " -"times throughout the exercises in this session)." +"It may be worth pointing out that `gn gen ... --export-rust-project` will need to be " +"rerun after editing `BUILD.gn` files (which we will do a few times throughout the " +"exercises in this session)." msgstr "" -"值得注意的是，修改 `BUILD.gn` 文件后，需要重新运行 `gn gen ... --export-rust-" -"project`（我们将在本课程的练习中多次执行该操作）。" +"值得注意的是，修改 `BUILD.gn` 文件后，需要重新运行 `gn gen ... --export-rust-project`（我" +"们将在本课程的练习中多次执行该操作）。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md:1 msgid "Build rules exercise" msgstr "构建规则练习" -#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md -msgid "" -"In your Chromium build, add a new Rust target to `//ui/base/BUILD.gn` " -"containing:" -msgstr "" -"在 Chromium build 中，向 `//ui/base/BUILD.gn` 添加新的 Rust 目标，其中包含：" +#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md:3 +msgid "In your Chromium build, add a new Rust target to `//ui/base/BUILD.gn` containing:" +msgstr "在 Chromium build 中，向 `//ui/base/BUILD.gn` 添加新的 Rust 目标，其中包含：" -#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md:13 msgid "" -"**Important**: note that `no_mangle` here is considered a type of unsafety " -"by the Rust compiler, so you'll need to to allow unsafe code in your `gn` " -"target." +"**Important**: note that `no_mangle` here is considered a type of unsafety by the Rust " +"compiler, so you'll need to allow unsafe code in your `gn` target." msgstr "" -"**重要提示**：请注意，在此处使用 `no_mangle` 会被Rust 编译器视为一种不安全行" -"为，因此需要允许在“gn”目标中使用不安全的代码。" +"**重要提示**：请注意，在此处使用 `no_mangle` 会被Rust 编译器视为一种不安全行为，因此需要" +"允许在“gn”目标中使用不安全的代码。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md:16 msgid "" -"Add this new Rust target as a dependency of `//ui/base:base`. Declare this " -"function at the top of `ui/base/resource/resource_bundle.cc` (later, we'll " -"see how this can be automated by bindings generation tools):" +"Add this new Rust target as a dependency of `//ui/base:base`. Declare this function at " +"the top of `ui/base/resource/resource_bundle.cc` (later, we'll see how this can be " +"automated by bindings generation tools):" msgstr "" "将这个新的 Rust 目标添加为 `//ui/base:base` 的依赖项。在 `ui/base/resource/" -"resource_bundle.cc` 顶部声明此函数（稍后，我们将介绍如何通过绑定生成工具来自" -"动执行此操作）：" +"resource_bundle.cc` 顶部声明此函数（稍后，我们将介绍如何通过绑定生成工具来自动执行此操" +"作）：" -#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md:24 msgid "" -"Call this function from somewhere in `ui/base/resource/resource_bundle.cc` - " -"we suggest the top of `ResourceBundle::MaybeMangleLocalizedString`. Build " -"and run Chromium, and ensure that \"Hello from Rust!\" is printed lots of " -"times." +"Call this function from somewhere in `ui/base/resource/resource_bundle.cc` - we suggest " +"the top of `ResourceBundle::MaybeMangleLocalizedString`. Build and run Chromium, and " +"ensure that \"Hello from Rust!\" is printed lots of times." msgstr "" -"从 `ui/base/resource/resource_bundle.cc` 中的某个位置调用此函数，我们建议在" -"从 `ResourceBundle::MaybeMangleLocalizedString` 的顶部调用此函数。构建并运行 " -"Chromium，并确保多次显示 \"Hello from Rust!\"。" +"从 `ui/base/resource/resource_bundle.cc` 中的某个位置调用此函数，我们建议在从 " +"`ResourceBundle::MaybeMangleLocalizedString` 的顶部调用此函数。构建并运行 Chromium，并确" +"保多次显示 \"Hello from Rust!\"。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md:28 msgid "" -"If you use VSCode, now set up Rust to work well in VSCode. It will be useful " -"in subsequent exercises. If you've succeeded, you will be able to use right-" -"click \"Go to definition\" on `println!`." +"If you use VSCode, now set up Rust to work well in VSCode. It will be useful in " +"subsequent exercises. If you've succeeded, you will be able to use right-click \"Go to " +"definition\" on `println!`." msgstr "" -"如果您使用 VSCode，现在就请设置 Rust，以便其能在 VSCode 中正常运行。这对后续" -"练习会很有帮助。如果操作成功，则可使用右键点击 `println!` 上的 \"Go to " -"definition\"。" +"如果您使用 VSCode，现在就请设置 Rust，以便其能在 VSCode 中正常运行。这对后续练习会很有帮" +"助。如果操作成功，则可使用右键点击 `println!` 上的 \"Go to definition\"。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md -#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md:32 +#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md:48 msgid "Where to find help" msgstr "如何获取帮助" -#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md -msgid "" -"The options available to the [`rust_static_library` gn template](https://" -"source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:build/rust/" -"rust_static_library.gni;l=16)" -msgstr "" -"适用于 [`rust_static_library` gn 模板] 的选项 (https://source.chromium.org/" -"chromium/chromium/src/+/main:build/rust/rust_static_library.gni;l=16)" +#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md:34 +msgid "The options available to the `rust_static_library` gn template" +msgstr "`rust_static_library` gn 模板可用的选项包括" -#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md -msgid "" -"Information about [`#[no_mangle]`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/beta/reference/" -"abi.html#the-no_mangle-attribute)" -msgstr "" -"关于 [`#[no_mangle]`] 的详细信息 (https://doc.rust-lang.org/beta/reference/" -"abi.html#the-no_mangle-attribute)" +#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md:35 +msgid "Information about `#[no_mangle]`" +msgstr "关于 `#[no_mangle]` 的信息" -#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md -msgid "" -"Information about [`extern \"C\"`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword." -"extern.html)" -msgstr "" -"关于 [`extern \"C\"`] 的详细信息 (https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword." -"extern.html)" +#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md:36 +msgid "Information about `extern \"C\"`" +msgstr "关于 `extern “C”` 的信息" -#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md -msgid "" -"Information about gn's [`--export-rust-project`](https://gn.googlesource.com/" -"gn/+/main/docs/reference.md#compilation-database) switch" -msgstr "" -"关于 gn 的 [`--export-rust-project`] 开关的详细信息 (https://gn.googlesource." -"com/gn/+/main/docs/reference.md#compilation-database) " +#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md:37 +msgid "Information about gn's `--export-rust-project` switch" +msgstr "关于 gn 的 `—export-rust-project` 开关的信息" -#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md -msgid "" -"[How to install rust-analyzer in VSCode](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/" -"languages/rust)" -msgstr "" -"[如何在 VSCode 中安装 rust-analyzer](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/" -"languages/rust)" +#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md:38 +msgid "How to install rust-analyzer in VSCode" +msgstr "如何在 VSCode 中安装 rust-analyzer" -#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md:44 msgid "" -"This example is unusual because it boils down to the lowest-common-" -"denominator interop language, C. Both C++ and Rust can natively declare and " -"call C ABI functions. Later in the course, we'll connect C++ directly to " -"Rust." +"This example is unusual because it boils down to the lowest-common-denominator interop " +"language, C. Both C++ and Rust can natively declare and call C ABI functions. Later in " +"the course, we'll connect C++ directly to Rust." msgstr "" -"此示例很独特，因为其归根结底是最通用的互操作语言，即 C 语言。C++ 和 Rust 本身" -"都可以声明和调用 C ABI 函数。在本课程的稍后部分，我们会直接将 C++ 和 Rust 关" -"联起来。" +"此示例很独特，因为其归根结底是最通用的互操作语言，即 C 语言。C++ 和 Rust 本身都可以声明和" +"调用 C ABI 函数。在本课程的稍后部分，我们会直接将 C++ 和 Rust 关联起来。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md:48 msgid "" -"`allow_unsafe = true` is required here because `#[no_mangle]` might allow " -"Rust to generate two functions with the same name, and Rust can no longer " -"guarantee that the right one is called." +"`allow_unsafe = true` is required here because `#[no_mangle]` might allow Rust to " +"generate two functions with the same name, and Rust can no longer guarantee that the " +"right one is called." msgstr "" -"此处需要使用 `allow_unsafe = true`，因为 `#[no_mangle]` 可能会支持 Rust 生成" -"两个同名函数，而 Rust 无法保证会调用正确的函数。" +"此处需要使用 `allow_unsafe = true`，因为 `#[no_mangle]` 可能会支持 Rust 生成两个同名函" +"数，而 Rust 无法保证会调用正确的函数。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md:52 msgid "" -"If you need a pure Rust executable, you can also do that using the " -"`rust_executable` gn template." -msgstr "" -"如果需要纯 Rust 可执行文件，也可以使用 `rust_executable` gn 模板执行此操作。" +"If you need a pure Rust executable, you can also do that using the `rust_executable` gn " +"template." +msgstr "如果需要纯 Rust 可执行文件，也可以使用 `rust_executable` gn 模板执行此操作。" #: src/chromium/testing.md msgid "" -"Rust community typically authors unit tests in a module placed in the same " -"source file as the code being tested. This was covered [earlier](../testing." -"md) in the course and looks like this:" +"Rust community typically authors unit tests in a module placed in the same source file " +"as the code being tested. This was covered earlier in the course and looks like this:" msgstr "" +"Rust 社区通常将单元测试编写在与被测试代码相同的源文件中的一个模块中。这在课程早期已经介绍" +"过，看起来像这样：" #: src/chromium/testing.md msgid "" -"In Chromium we place unit tests in a separate source file and we continue to " -"follow this practice for Rust --- this makes tests consistently discoverable " -"and helps to avoid rebuilding `.rs` files a second time (in the `test` " -"configuration)." +"In Chromium we place unit tests in a separate source file and we continue to follow this " +"practice for Rust --- this makes tests consistently discoverable and helps to avoid " +"rebuilding `.rs` files a second time (in the `test` configuration)." msgstr "" +"在 Chromium 中，我们将单元测试放在一个单独的源文件中，并且我们继续遵循这种做法用于 Rust " +"——这样做可以确保测试一致地被发现，并有助于避免在 `test` 配置中第二次构建 `.rs` 文件。" #: src/chromium/testing.md -msgid "" -"This results in the following options for testing Rust code in Chromium:" -msgstr "" +msgid "This results in the following options for testing Rust code in Chromium:" +msgstr "这导致在 Chromium 中对 Rust 代码进行测试有以下几种选项：" #: src/chromium/testing.md -msgid "" -"Native Rust tests (i.e. `#[test]`). Discouraged outside of `//third_party/" -"rust`." -msgstr "" +msgid "Native Rust tests (i.e. `#[test]`). Discouraged outside of `//third_party/rust`." +msgstr "本地 Rust 测试（即 `#[test]`）。在 `//third_party/rust` 之外使用这种测试被不鼓励。" #: src/chromium/testing.md msgid "" -"`gtest` tests authored in C++ and exercising Rust via FFI calls. Sufficient " -"when Rust code is just a thin FFI layer and the existing unit tests provide " -"sufficient coverage for the feature." +"`gtest` tests authored in C++ and exercising Rust via FFI calls. Sufficient when Rust " +"code is just a thin FFI layer and the existing unit tests provide sufficient coverage " +"for the feature." msgstr "" +"使用 C++ 编写的 `gtest` 测试，并通过 FFI 调用测试 Rust。当 Rust 代码只是一个薄的 FFI 层，" +"并且现有的单元测试提供了足够的功能覆盖时，这种方法就足够了。" #: src/chromium/testing.md msgid "" -"`gtest` tests authored in Rust and using the crate under test through its " -"public API (using `pub mod for_testing { ... }` if needed). This is the " -"subject of the next few slides." +"`gtest` tests authored in Rust and using the crate under test through its public API " +"(using `pub mod for_testing { ... }` if needed). This is the subject of the next few " +"slides." msgstr "" +"在 Rust 中编写的 `gtest` 测试，并通过其公共 API 使用要测试的 crate（如果需要，使用 `pub " +"mod for_testing { … }`）。这是接下来几张幻灯片的主题。" #: src/chromium/testing.md msgid "" -"Mention that native Rust tests of third-party crates should eventually be " -"exercised by Chromium bots. (Such testing is needed rarely --- only after " -"adding or updating third-party crates.)" +"Mention that native Rust tests of third-party crates should eventually be exercised by " +"Chromium bots. (Such testing is needed rarely --- only after adding or updating third-" +"party crates.)" msgstr "" +"提及第三方 crate 的本地 Rust 测试最终应该由 Chromium 机器执行。（这种测试很少需要——只有在" +"添加或更新第三方 crate 之后才需要。）" #: src/chromium/testing.md -msgid "" -"Some examples may help illustrate when C++ `gtest` vs Rust `gtest` should be " -"used:" -msgstr "" +msgid "Some examples may help illustrate when C++ `gtest` vs Rust `gtest` should be used:" +msgstr "一些示例可能有助于说明何时应该使用 C++ `gtest` 而何时应该使用 Rust `gtest`：" #: src/chromium/testing.md msgid "" -"QR has very little functionality in the first-party Rust layer (it's just a " -"thin FFI glue) and therefore uses the existing C++ unit tests for testing " -"both the C++ and the Rust implementation (parameterizing the tests so they " -"enable or disable Rust using a `ScopedFeatureList`)." +"QR has very little functionality in the first-party Rust layer (it's just a thin FFI " +"glue) and therefore uses the existing C++ unit tests for testing both the C++ and the " +"Rust implementation (parameterizing the tests so they enable or disable Rust using a " +"`ScopedFeatureList`)." msgstr "" +"QR 在第一方 Rust 层面几乎没有功能（它只是一个薄的 FFI 层），因此使用现有的 C++ 单元测试来" +"测试 C++ 和 Rust 实现（通过对测试进行参数化，以便通过 `ScopedFeatureList` 启用或禁用 " +"Rust）。" #: src/chromium/testing.md msgid "" -"Hypothetical/WIP PNG integration may need to implement memory-safe " -"implementation of pixel transformations that are provided by `libpng` but " -"missing in the `png` crate - e.g. RGBA => BGRA, or gamma correction. Such " -"functionality may benefit from separate tests authored in Rust." +"Hypothetical/WIP PNG integration may need to implement memory-safe implementation of " +"pixel transformations that are provided by `libpng` but missing in the `png` crate - e." +"g. RGBA => BGRA, or gamma correction. Such functionality may benefit from separate tests " +"authored in Rust." msgstr "" +"假设/正在进行中的 PNG 集成可能需要实现 `libpng` 中提供的但在 `png` crate 中缺失的像素转换" +"的内存安全实现，例如 RGBA => BGRA，或者伽马校正。这样的功能可能会受益于在 Rust 中编写的单" +"独测试。" -#: src/chromium/testing/rust-gtest-interop.md -msgid "" -"The [`rust_gtest_interop`](https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/" -"main/testing/rust_gtest_interop/README.md) library provides a way to:" -msgstr "" +#: src/chromium/testing/rust-gtest-interop.md:3 +msgid "The `rust_gtest_interop` library provides a way to:" +msgstr "`rust_gtest_interop` 库提供了以下功能：" -#: src/chromium/testing/rust-gtest-interop.md -msgid "" -"Use a Rust function as a `gtest` testcase (using the `#[gtest(...)]` " -"attribute)" -msgstr "" +#: src/chromium/testing/rust-gtest-interop.md:5 +msgid "Use a Rust function as a `gtest` testcase (using the `#[gtest(...)]` attribute)" +msgstr "使用 Rust 函数作为 `gtest` 测试用例（使用 `#[gtest(…)]` 属性）。" -#: src/chromium/testing/rust-gtest-interop.md +#: src/chromium/testing/rust-gtest-interop.md:7 msgid "" -"Use `expect_eq!` and similar macros (similar to `assert_eq!` but not " -"panicking and not terminating the test when the assertion fails)." +"Use `expect_eq!` and similar macros (similar to `assert_eq!` but not panicking and not " +"terminating the test when the assertion fails)." msgstr "" +"使用 `expect_eq!` 和类似的宏（类似于 `assert_eq!` 但在断言失败时不会导致 panic 并且不会终" +"止测试）。" -#: src/chromium/testing/rust-gtest-interop.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/chromium/testing/rust-gtest-interop.md:10 msgid "Example:" -msgstr "示例" +msgstr "示例：" -#: src/chromium/testing/build-gn.md +#: src/chromium/testing/build-gn.md:3 msgid "" -"The simplest way to build Rust `gtest` tests is to add them to an existing " -"test binary that already contains tests authored in C++. For example:" +"The simplest way to build Rust `gtest` tests is to add them to an existing test binary " +"that already contains tests authored in C++. For example:" msgstr "" +"构建 Rust `gtest` 测试的最简单方法是将它们添加到已经包含了 C++ 编写的测试的现有测试二进制" +"文件中。例如：" -#: src/chromium/testing/build-gn.md +#: src/chromium/testing/build-gn.md:6 msgid "" "```gn\n" "test(\"ui_base_unittests\") {\n" @@ -14889,14 +13382,22 @@ msgid "" "}\n" "```" msgstr "" +"```gn\n" +"test(“ui_base_unittests”) {\n" +" …\n" +" sources += [ “my_rust_lib_unittest.rs” ]\n" +" deps += [ “:my_rust_lib” ]\n" +"}\n" +"```" -#: src/chromium/testing/build-gn.md +#: src/chromium/testing/build-gn.md:14 msgid "" -"Authoring Rust tests in a separate `static_library` also works, but requires " -"manually declaring the dependency on the support libraries:" +"Authoring Rust tests in a separate `static_library` also works, but requires manually " +"declaring the dependency on the support libraries:" msgstr "" +"在一个单独的 `static_library` 中编写 Rust 测试也是可行的，但需要手动声明对支持库的依赖：" -#: src/chromium/testing/build-gn.md +#: src/chromium/testing/build-gn.md:17 msgid "" "```gn\n" "rust_static_library(\"my_rust_lib_unittests\") {\n" @@ -14916,133 +13417,140 @@ msgid "" "}\n" "```" msgstr "" +"```gn\n" +"rust_static_library(\"my_rust_lib_unittests\") {\n" +" testonly = true\n" +" is_gtest_unittests = true\n" +" crate_root = \"my_rust_lib_unittest.rs\"\n" +" sources = [ \"my_rust_lib_unittest.rs\" ]\n" +" deps = [\n" +" \":my_rust_lib\",\n" +" \"//testing/rust_gtest_interop\",\n" +" ]\n" +"}\n" +"\n" +"test(“ui_base_unittests”) {\n" +" …\n" +" deps += [ “:my_rust_lib_unittests” ]\n" +"}\n" +"```" -#: src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md +#: src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md:3 msgid "" -"After adding `:my_rust_lib` to GN `deps`, we still need to learn how to " -"import and use `my_rust_lib` from `my_rust_lib_unittest.rs`. We haven't " -"provided an explicit `crate_name` for `my_rust_lib` so its crate name is " -"computed based on the full target path and name. Fortunately we can avoid " -"working with such an unwieldy name by using the `chromium::import!` macro " -"from the automatically-imported `chromium` crate:" +"After adding `:my_rust_lib` to GN `deps`, we still need to learn how to import and use " +"`my_rust_lib` from `my_rust_lib_unittest.rs`. We haven't provided an explicit " +"`crate_name` for `my_rust_lib` so its crate name is computed based on the full target " +"path and name. Fortunately we can avoid working with such an unwieldy name by using the " +"`chromium::import!` macro from the automatically-imported `chromium` crate:" msgstr "" +"在将 `:my_rust_lib` 添加到 GN 的 `deps` 后，我们仍然需要学习如何从 `my_rust_lib_unittest." +"rs` 导入和使用 `my_rust_lib`。我们没有为 `my_rust_lib` 提供显式的 `crate_name`，因此其 " +"crate 名称是基于完整的目标路径和名称计算的。幸运的是，我们可以通过使用自动导入的 " +"`chromium` crate 中的 `chromium::import!` 宏来避免使用这样一个笨重的名称：" -#: src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md:12 msgid "\"//ui/base:my_rust_lib\"" -msgstr "\"ui/base/my_rust_file.rs.h\"" +msgstr "“//ui/base:my_rust_lib”" -#: src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md +#: src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md:18 msgid "Under the covers the macro expands to something similar to:" -msgstr "" +msgstr "在内部，该宏扩展为类似以下内容的代码：" -#: src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md -msgid "" -"More information can be found in [the doc comment](https://source.chromium." -"org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:build/rust/chromium_prelude/" -"chromium_prelude.rs?q=f:chromium_prelude.rs%20pub.use.*%5Cbimport%5Cb;%20-f:" -"third_party&ss=chromium%2Fchromium%2Fsrc) of the `chromium::import` macro." -msgstr "" +#: src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md:26 +msgid "More information can be found in the doc comment of the `chromium::import` macro." +msgstr "更多信息可以在 `chromium::import` 宏的文档注释中找到。" -#: src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md +#: src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md:31 msgid "" -"`rust_static_library` supports specifying an explicit name via `crate_name` " -"property, but doing this is discouraged. And it is discouraged because the " -"crate name has to be globally unique. crates.io guarantees uniqueness of its " -"crate names so `cargo_crate` GN targets (generated by the `gnrt` tool " -"covered in a later section) use short crate names." +"`rust_static_library` supports specifying an explicit name via `crate_name` property, " +"but doing this is discouraged. And it is discouraged because the crate name has to be " +"globally unique. crates.io guarantees uniqueness of its crate names so `cargo_crate` GN " +"targets (generated by the `gnrt` tool covered in a later section) use short crate names." msgstr "" +"`rust_static_library` 支持通过 `crate_name` 属性指定显式名称，但不鼓励这样做。不鼓励这样" +"做是因为 crate 名称必须是全局唯一的。crates.io 保证其 crate 名称的唯一性，因此 " +"`cargo_crate` GN 目标（由稍后的章节中涵盖的 `gnrt` 工具生成）使用简短的 crate 名称。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md:1 msgid "Testing exercise" -msgstr "习题" +msgstr "测试练习" -#: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md:3 msgid "Time for another exercise!" msgstr "是时候进行下一个练习了！" -#: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md:5 msgid "In your Chromium build:" -msgstr "" +msgstr "在你的 Chromium 构建中：" -#: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md:7 msgid "" -"Add a testable function next to `hello_from_rust`. Some suggestions: adding " -"two integers received as arguments, computing the nth Fibonacci number, " -"summing integers in a slice, etc." +"Add a testable function next to `hello_from_rust`. Some suggestions: adding two integers " +"received as arguments, computing the nth Fibonacci number, summing integers in a slice, " +"etc." msgstr "" +"在 `hello_from_rust` 旁边添加一个可测试的函数。一些建议：接收两个整数作为参数相加，计算" +"第 n 个斐波那契数，对切片中的整数求和等。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md:10 msgid "Add a separate `..._unittest.rs` file with a test for the new function." -msgstr "" +msgstr "添加一个单独的 `…_unittest.rs` 文件，并在其中为新函数编写一个测试。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md:11 msgid "Add the new tests to `BUILD.gn`." -msgstr "" +msgstr "将新的测试添加到 `BUILD.gn` 文件中。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md:12 msgid "Build the tests, run them, and verify that the new test works." -msgstr "" +msgstr "构建这些测试，运行它们，并验证新的测试是否正常工作。" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" -"The Rust community offers multiple options for C++/Rust interop, with new " -"tools being developed all the time. At the moment, Chromium uses a tool " -"called CXX." +"The Rust community offers multiple options for C++/Rust interop, with new tools being " +"developed all the time. At the moment, Chromium uses a tool called CXX." msgstr "" -"Rust 社区提供了多种 C++/Rust 互操作选项，并且一直在不断开发新工具。目前，" -"Chromium 使用一种名为 CXX 的工具。" +"Rust 社区提供了多种 C++/Rust 互操作选项，并且一直在不断开发新工具。目前，Chromium 使用一" +"种名为 CXX 的工具。" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" -"You describe your whole language boundary in an interface definition " -"language (which looks a lot like Rust) and then CXX tools generate " -"declarations for functions and types in both Rust and C++." +"You describe your whole language boundary in an interface definition language (which " +"looks a lot like Rust) and then CXX tools generate declarations for functions and types " +"in both Rust and C++." msgstr "" -"您可以使用接口定义语言（与 Rust 极为相似）描述整个语言边界，然后 CXX 工具会据" -"此生成 Rust 和 C++ 函数及类型的声明。" +"您可以使用接口定义语言（与 Rust 极为相似）描述整个语言边界，然后 CXX 工具会据此生成 Rust " +"和 C++ 函数及类型的声明。" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"See the [CXX tutorial](https://cxx.rs/tutorial.html) for a full example of " -"using this." -msgstr "" -"请参阅 [CXX tutorial](https://cxx.rs/tutorial.html) ，了解有关使用的完整示" -"例。" +msgid "See the CXX tutorial for a full example of using this." +msgstr "请查看 CXX 教程，以获取如何使用这些方法的完整示例。" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" -"Talk through the diagram. Explain that behind the scenes, this is doing just " -"the same as you previously did. Point out that automating the process has " -"the following benefits:" +"Talk through the diagram. Explain that behind the scenes, this is doing just the same as " +"you previously did. Point out that automating the process has the following benefits:" msgstr "" -"请仔细研究这个图表。解释背后的原理和您之前所做的完全相同。说明自动执行这一流" -"程具有以下好处：" +"请仔细研究这个图表。解释背后的原理和您之前所做的完全相同。说明自动执行这一流程具有以下好" +"处：" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" -"The tool guarantees that the C++ and Rust sides match (e.g. you get compile " -"errors if the `#[cxx::bridge]` doesn't match the actual C++ or Rust " -"definitions, but with out-of-sync manual bindings you'd get Undefined " -"Behavior)" +"The tool guarantees that the C++ and Rust sides match (e.g. you get compile errors if " +"the `#[cxx::bridge]` doesn't match the actual C++ or Rust definitions, but with out-of-" +"sync manual bindings you'd get Undefined Behavior)" msgstr "" -"使用该工具可保证 C++ 端和 Rust 端相匹配（例如，如果 `#[cxx::bridge]` 与实际" -"的 C++ 或 Rust 定义不匹配，则会出现编译错误。但使用不同步的手动绑定，可能会导" -"致未定义行为）" +"使用该工具可保证 C++ 端和 Rust 端相匹配（例如，如果 `#[cxx::bridge]` 与实际的 C++ 或 " +"Rust 定义不匹配，则会出现编译错误。但使用不同步的手动绑定，可能会导致未定义行为）" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" -"The tool automates generation of FFI thunks (small, C-ABI-compatible, free " -"functions) for non-C features (e.g. enabling FFI calls into Rust or C++ " -"methods; manual bindings would require authoring such top-level, free " -"functions manually)" +"The tool automates generation of FFI thunks (small, C-ABI-compatible, free functions) " +"for non-C features (e.g. enabling FFI calls into Rust or C++ methods; manual bindings " +"would require authoring such top-level, free functions manually)" msgstr "" -"该工具还可自动生成 FFI thunk（即小型但可兼容 C-ABI 的自由函数），以便适应非 " -"C 语言特性（例如，启用对 Rust 或 C++ 方法的 FFI 调用；而手动实现绑定一般需要" -"自行编写这种顶级的自由函数）" +"该工具还可自动生成 FFI thunk（即小型但可兼容 C-ABI 的自由函数），以便适应非 C 语言特性" +"（例如，启用对 Rust 或 C++ 方法的 FFI 调用；而手动实现绑定一般需要自行编写这种顶级的自由" +"函数）" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "The tool and the library can handle a set of core types - for example:" @@ -15050,317 +13558,295 @@ msgstr "该工具和库可以处理一系列核心类型，例如：" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" -"`&[T]` can be passed across the FFI boundary, even though it doesn't " -"guarantee any particular ABI or memory layout. With manual bindings `std::" -"span` / `&[T]` have to be manually destructured and rebuilt out of a " -"pointer and length - this is error-prone given that each language represents " -"empty slices slightly differently)" +"`&[T]` can be passed across the FFI boundary, even though it doesn't guarantee any " +"particular ABI or memory layout. With manual bindings `std::span` / `&[T]` have to be " +"manually destructured and rebuilt out of a pointer and length - this is error-prone " +"given that each language represents empty slices slightly differently)" msgstr "" -"`&[T]` 可以跨 FFI 边界进行传递，即使它无法保证任何特定的 ABI 或内存布局一致无" -"误。进行手动绑定时，必须手动解构 `std::span` / `&[T]`，并根据指针和长度进" -"行重新构建，但这很容易出错，因为每种语言对于空 slice 的表示方式略有不同" +"`&[T]` 可以跨 FFI 边界进行传递，即使它无法保证任何特定的 ABI 或内存布局一致无误。进行手动" +"绑定时，必须手动解构 `std::span` / `&[T]`，并根据指针和长度进行重新构建，但这很容易出" +"错，因为每种语言对于空 slice 的表示方式略有不同" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" -"Smart pointers like `std::unique_ptr`, `std::shared_ptr`, and/or `Box` " -"are natively supported. With manual bindings, one would have to pass C-ABI-" -"compatible raw pointers, which would increase lifetime and memory-safety " -"risks." +"Smart pointers like `std::unique_ptr`, `std::shared_ptr`, and/or `Box` are " +"natively supported. With manual bindings, one would have to pass C-ABI-compatible raw " +"pointers, which would increase lifetime and memory-safety risks." msgstr "" -"系统对 `std::unique_ptr`、`std::shared_ptr` 和/或 `Box` 等智能指针提供" -"原生支持。如果使用手动绑定，则必须传递可兼容 C-ABI 的原始指针，这会增加生命周" -"期和内存安全风险。" +"系统对 `std::unique_ptr`、`std::shared_ptr` 和/或 `Box` 等智能指针提供原生支持。如" +"果使用手动绑定，则必须传递可兼容 C-ABI 的原始指针，这会增加生命周期和内存安全风险。" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" -"`rust::String` and `CxxString` types understand and maintain differences in " -"string representation across the languages (e.g. `rust::String::lossy` can " -"build a Rust string from non-UTF8 input and `rust::String::c_str` can NUL-" -"terminate a string)." +"`rust::String` and `CxxString` types understand and maintain differences in string " +"representation across the languages (e.g. `rust::String::lossy` can build a Rust string " +"from non-UTF8 input and `rust::String::c_str` can NUL-terminate a string)." msgstr "" -"`rust::String` 和 `CxxString` 类型能够识别并处理不同语言之间在字符串表示方面" -"的差异（例如，`rust::String::lossy` 可以通过非 UTF8 输入构建 Rust 字符串；" -"`rust::String::c_str` 可以为字符串加上 NUL 终止符）。" +"`rust::String` 和 `CxxString` 类型能够识别并处理不同语言之间在字符串表示方面的差异（例" +"如，`rust::String::lossy` 可以通过非 UTF8 输入构建 Rust 字符串；`rust::String::c_str` 可" +"以为字符串加上 NUL 终止符）。" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md:3 msgid "" -"CXX requires that the whole C++/Rust boundary is declared in `cxx::bridge` " -"modules inside `.rs` source code." -msgstr "" -"根据 CXX 要求，在 `.rs` 源代码内的 `cxx::bridge` “模块”中声明整个 C++/Rust 边" -"界。" +"CXX requires that the whole C++/Rust boundary is declared in `cxx::bridge` modules " +"inside `.rs` source code." +msgstr "CXX 要求整个 C++/Rust 边界在 `.rs` 源代码中的 `cxx::bridge` 模块中声明。" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md:16 msgid "\"example/include/blobstore.h\"" msgstr "\"example/include/blobstore.h\"" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md:24 msgid "// Definitions of Rust types and functions go here" -msgstr "// Definitions of Rust types and functions go here\n" +msgstr "// Rust 类型和函数的定义放在这里" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md:30 msgid "Point out:" msgstr "指出：" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md:32 msgid "" -"Although this looks like a regular Rust `mod`, the `#[cxx::bridge]` " -"procedural macro does complex things to it. The generated code is quite a " -"bit more sophisticated - though this does still result in a `mod` called " -"`ffi` in your code." +"Although this looks like a regular Rust `mod`, the `#[cxx::bridge]` procedural macro " +"does complex things to it. The generated code is quite a bit more sophisticated - though " +"this does still result in a `mod` called `ffi` in your code." msgstr "" +"虽然看起来像是普通的 Rust `mod`，但 `#[cxx::bridge]` 过程宏对其进行了复杂处理。生成的代码" +"相当复杂——尽管这仍然会在你的代码中生成一个名为 `ffi` 的 `mod`。" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md:36 msgid "Native support for C++'s `std::unique_ptr` in Rust" msgstr "RRust 对 C++ 的 `std::unique_ptr` 提供原生支持" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md:37 msgid "Native support for Rust slices in C++" -msgstr "RRust 对 C++ 的 `std::unique_ptr` 提供原生支持" +msgstr "C++ 中对 Rust 切片的原生支持" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md:38 msgid "Calls from C++ to Rust, and Rust types (in the top part)" msgstr "从 C++ 调用 Rust，并使用 Rust 类型（顶部位置）" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md:39 msgid "Calls from Rust to C++, and C++ types (in the bottom part)" msgstr "从 Rust 调用 C++，并使用 C++ 类型（底部位置）" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md:41 msgid "" -"**Common misconception**: It _looks_ like a C++ header is being parsed by " -"Rust, but this is misleading. This header is never interpreted by Rust, but " -"simply `#include`d in the generated C++ code for the benefit of C++ " -"compilers." +"**Common misconception**: It _looks_ like a C++ header is being parsed by Rust, but this " +"is misleading. This header is never interpreted by Rust, but simply `#include`d in the " +"generated C++ code for the benefit of C++ compilers." msgstr "" -"**常见误解**：这 _看似_ Rust 在解析 C++ 头文件，其实具有误导性。Rust 不会对此" -"头文件进行解释，只是在生成的 C++ 代码中添加 `#include`，以便于 C++ 编译器 使" -"用。" +"**常见误解**：这 _看似_ Rust 在解析 C++ 头文件，其实具有误导性。Rust 不会对此头文件进行解" +"释，只是在生成的 C++ 代码中添加 `#include`，以便于 C++ 编译器 使用。" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"By far the most useful page when using CXX is the [type reference](https://" -"cxx.rs/bindings.html)." -msgstr "展示 [Rust 和 C++类型](https://cxx.rs/bindings.html) 之间的对应关系：" +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md:3 +msgid "By far the most useful page when using CXX is the type reference." +msgstr "展示 [Rust 和 C++类型](https://cxx.rs/bindings.html) 之间的对应关系。" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md:5 msgid "CXX fundamentally suits cases where:" msgstr "CXX 基本适用于以下情况：" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md -msgid "" -"Your Rust-C++ interface is sufficiently simple that you can declare all of " -"it." +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md:7 +msgid "Your Rust-C++ interface is sufficiently simple that you can declare all of it." msgstr "您的 Rust-C++ 接口非常简单，可以声明其中的全部内容。" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md:8 msgid "" -"You're using only the types natively supported by CXX already, for example " -"`std::unique_ptr`, `std::string`, `&[u8]` etc." +"You're using only the types natively supported by CXX already, for example `std::" +"unique_ptr`, `std::string`, `&[u8]` etc." msgstr "" -"目前，您只使用了 CXX 提供原生支持的类型，例如 `std::unique_ptr`、`std::" -"string`、`&[u8]` 等。" +"目前，您只使用了 CXX 提供原生支持的类型，例如 `std::unique_ptr`、`std::string`、`&[u8]` " +"等。" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md -msgid "" -"It has many limitations --- for example lack of support for Rust's `Option` " -"type." +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md:11 +msgid "It has many limitations --- for example lack of support for Rust's `Option` type." msgstr "这样具有很多局限性，例如缺少对 Rust 的 `Option` 类型的支持。" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md:14 msgid "" -"These limitations constrain us to using Rust in Chromium only for well " -"isolated \"leaf nodes\" rather than for arbitrary Rust-C++ interop. When " -"considering a use-case for Rust in Chromium, a good starting point is to " -"draft the CXX bindings for the language boundary to see if it appears simple " -"enough." +"These limitations constrain us to using Rust in Chromium only for well isolated \"leaf " +"nodes\" rather than for arbitrary Rust-C++ interop. When considering a use-case for Rust " +"in Chromium, a good starting point is to draft the CXX bindings for the language " +"boundary to see if it appears simple enough." msgstr "" -"由于这些局限，我们在 Chromium 中只能将 Rust 用于隔离紧密的 “叶节点”，而无法用" -"于任意的 Rust-C++ 互操作。当您打算在 Chromium 中探索 Rust 的应用场景时，推荐" -"先从拟定针对语言边界的 CXX 绑定入手，以查看该语言边界是否足够简单明了。" +"由于这些局限，我们在 Chromium 中只能将 Rust 用于隔离紧密的 “叶节点”，而无法用于任意的 " +"Rust-C++ 互操作。当您打算在 Chromium 中探索 Rust 的应用场景时，推荐先从拟定针对语言边界" +"的 CXX 绑定入手，以查看该语言边界是否足够简单明了。" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md -msgid "" -"You should also discuss some of the other sticky points with CXX, for " -"example:" +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md:26 +msgid "You should also discuss some of the other sticky points with CXX, for example:" msgstr "此外，还应讨论使用 CXX 时的其他一些困难之处，例如：" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md -msgid "" -"Its error handling is based around C++ exceptions (given on the next slide)" +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md:28 +msgid "Its error handling is based around C++ exceptions (given on the next slide)" msgstr "其根据 C++ 异常来进行错误处理（下一张幻灯片中将加以介绍）" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md:29 msgid "Function pointers are awkward to use." msgstr "函数指针使用起来很不方便。" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md:3 msgid "" -"CXX's [support for `Result`](https://cxx.rs/binding/result.html) relies " -"on C++ exceptions, so we can't use that in Chromium. Alternatives:" +"CXX's support for `Result` relies on C++ exceptions, so we can't use that in " +"Chromium. Alternatives:" msgstr "" -"CXX 对于 `Result` 类型的支持取决于 C++ 异常机制，因此无法在 Chromium 中" -"使用该功能。替代选项：" +"CXX 对于 `Result` 类型的支持取决于 C++ 异常机制，因此无法在 Chromium 中使用该功能。" +"替代选项：" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md:6 msgid "The `T` part of `Result` can be:" -msgstr "" +msgstr "`Result` 中的 `T` 部分可以是:" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md:7 msgid "" -"Returned via out parameters (e.g. via `&mut T`). This requires that `T` can " -"be passed across the FFI boundary - for example `T` has to be:" +"Returned via out parameters (e.g. via `&mut T`). This requires that `T` can be passed " +"across the FFI boundary - for example `T` has to be:" msgstr "" +"通过 out 参数返回（例如通过 `&mut T`）。这要求 `T` 可以跨 FFI 边界传递 - 例如 `T` 必须是:" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md:9 msgid "A primitive type (like `u32` or `usize`)" -msgstr "" +msgstr "一个原始类型（如 `u32` 或 `usize`）" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md:10 msgid "" -"A type natively supported by `cxx` (like `UniquePtr`) that has a suitable " -"default value to use in a failure case (_unlike_ `Box`)." +"A type natively supported by `cxx` (like `UniquePtr`) that has a suitable default " +"value to use in a failure case (_unlike_ `Box`)." msgstr "" +"`cxx`本机支持的类型（如`UniquePtr`），它有一个适合在失败情况下使用的默认值（与`Box`" +"不同）。" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md:12 msgid "" -"Retained on the Rust side, and exposed via reference. This may be needed " -"when `T` is a Rust type, which cannot be passed across the FFI boundary, and " -"cannot be stored in `UniquePtr`." +"Retained on the Rust side, and exposed via reference. This may be needed when `T` is a " +"Rust type, which cannot be passed across the FFI boundary, and cannot be stored in " +"`UniquePtr`." msgstr "" +"在Rust侧保留，并通过引用公开。当`T`是无法跨FFI边界传递的Rust类型，也无法存储在" +"`UniquePtr`中时，可能会需要这个。" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md:16 msgid "The `E` part of `Result` can be:" -msgstr "" +msgstr "`Result`中的`E`部分可以是：" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md:17 msgid "" -"Returned as a boolean (e.g. `true` representing success, and `false` " -"representing failure)" -msgstr "" +"Returned as a boolean (e.g. `true` representing success, and `false` representing " +"failure)" +msgstr "作为布尔值返回（例如，`true`代表成功，`false`代表失败）" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md:19 msgid "" -"Preserving error details is in theory possible, but so far hasn't been " -"needed in practice." -msgstr "" +"Preserving error details is in theory possible, but so far hasn't been needed in " +"practice." +msgstr "在理论上保留错误详细信息是可能的，但到目前为止，在实践中还没有被需要。" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md:1 msgid "CXX Error Handling: QR Example" -msgstr "错误处理" +msgstr "“CXX错误处理：QR示例”" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md:3 msgid "" -"The QR code generator is [an example](https://source.chromium.org/chromium/" -"chromium/src/+/main:components/qr_code_generator/qr_code_generator_ffi_glue." -"rs;l=13-18;drc=7bf1b75b910ca430501b9c6a74c1d18a0223ecca) where a boolean is " -"used to communicate success vs failure, and where the successful result can " -"be passed across the FFI boundary:" +"The QR code generator is an example where a boolean is used to communicate success vs " +"failure, and where the successful result can be passed across the FFI boundary:" msgstr "" -"如果操作成功，则可用简单的布尔值进行表示，如 [二维码生成器](https://source." -"chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:components/qr_code_generator/" -"qr_code_generator_ffi_glue.rs;l=10) 中的原理一样：返回表示操作成功的布尔值，" -"并使用输出参数记录结果：" +"QR码生成器是一个示例，其中使用布尔值来传达成功与失败，成功的结果可以通过FFI边界传递：" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md:8 msgid "\"qr_code_generator\"" msgstr "\"qr_code_generator\"" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md:23 msgid "" -"Students may be curious about the semantics of the `out_qr_size` output. " -"This is not the size of the vector, but the size of the QR code (and " -"admittedly it is a bit redundant - this is the square root of the size of " -"the vector)." +"Students may be curious about the semantics of the `out_qr_size` output. This is not the " +"size of the vector, but the size of the QR code (and admittedly it is a bit redundant - " +"this is the square root of the size of the vector)." msgstr "" +"学生可能对`out_qr_size`输出的语义感到好奇。这并不是向量的大小，而是QR码的大小（诚然有点冗" +"余 ——这是向量大小的平方根）。" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md:27 msgid "" -"It may be worth pointing out the importance of initializing `out_qr_size` " -"before calling into the Rust function. Creation of a Rust reference that " -"points to uninitialized memory results in Undefined Behavior (unlike in C++, " -"when only the act of dereferencing such memory results in UB)." +"It may be worth pointing out the importance of initializing `out_qr_size` before calling " +"into the Rust function. Creation of a Rust reference that points to uninitialized memory " +"results in Undefined Behavior (unlike in C++, when only the act of dereferencing such " +"memory results in UB)." msgstr "" +"值得指出，在调用Rust函数之前初始化`out_qr_size`的重要性。创建指向未初始化内存的Rust引用会" +"导致未定义行为（与C++不同，在C++中，仅当对此类内存进行解引用时才会导致未定义行为）。" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md:32 msgid "" -"If students ask about `Pin`, then explain why CXX needs it for mutable " -"references to C++ data: the answer is that C++ data can’t be moved around " -"like Rust data, because it may contain self-referential pointers." +"If students ask about `Pin`, then explain why CXX needs it for mutable references to C++ " +"data: the answer is that C++ data can’t be moved around like Rust data, because it may " +"contain self-referential pointers." msgstr "" +"如果学生询问`Pin`，则解释为什么CXX对于对C ++数据的可变引用需要它：答案是，C ++数据不能像" +"Rust数据那样移动，因为它可能包含自引用指针。" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md:1 msgid "CXX Error Handling: PNG Example" -msgstr "错误处理" +msgstr "CXX错误处理：PNG示例" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md:3 msgid "" -"A prototype of a PNG decoder illustrates what can be done when the " -"successful result cannot be passed across the FFI boundary:" -msgstr "" +"A prototype of a PNG decoder illustrates what can be done when the successful result " +"cannot be passed across the FFI boundary:" +msgstr "一个PNG解码器的原型演示了当无法将成功的结果传递过FFI边界时可以做什么：" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md:7 msgid "\"gfx::rust_bindings\"" -msgstr "" - -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md -msgid "/// This returns an FFI-friendly equivalent of `Result," -msgstr "" +msgstr "\"gfx::rust_bindings\"" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md -msgid "/// ()>`." -msgstr "" +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md:10 +msgid "" +"/// This returns an FFI-friendly equivalent of `Result, /// ()>`." +msgstr "/// 这返回了`Result, ()>`的FFI友好等价版本。" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md:14 msgid "/// C++ bindings for the `crate::png::ResultOfPngReader` type." -msgstr "" +msgstr "/// 用于`crate::png::ResultOfPngReader`类型的C++绑定。" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md:21 msgid "/// C++ bindings for the `crate::png::PngReader` type." -msgstr "" +msgstr "/// 用于`crate::png::PngReader`类型的C++绑定。" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md:32 msgid "" -"`PngReader` and `ResultOfPngReader` are Rust types --- objects of these " -"types cannot cross the FFI boundary without indirection of a `Box`. We " -"can't have an `out_parameter: &mut PngReader`, because CXX doesn't allow C++ " -"to store Rust objects by value." +"`PngReader` and `ResultOfPngReader` are Rust types --- objects of these types cannot " +"cross the FFI boundary without indirection of a `Box`. We can't have an " +"`out_parameter: &mut PngReader`, because CXX doesn't allow C++ to store Rust objects by " +"value." msgstr "" +"`PngReader`和`ResultOfPngReader`是Rust类型---这些类型的对象不能直接跨越FFI边界，除非通过" +"`Box`的间接引用。我们不能使用`out_parameter: &mut PngReader`，因为CXX不允许C++通过值存" +"储Rust对象。" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md:37 msgid "" -"This example illustrates that even though CXX doesn't support arbitrary " -"generics nor templates, we can still pass them across the FFI boundary by " -"manually specializing / monomorphizing them into a non-generic type. In the " -"example `ResultOfPngReader` is a non-generic type that forwards into " -"appropriate methods of `Result` (e.g. into `is_err`, `unwrap`, and/or " -"`as_mut`)." +"This example illustrates that even though CXX doesn't support arbitrary generics nor " +"templates, we can still pass them across the FFI boundary by manually specializing / " +"monomorphizing them into a non-generic type. In the example `ResultOfPngReader` is a non-" +"generic type that forwards into appropriate methods of `Result` (e.g. into " +"`is_err`, `unwrap`, and/or `as_mut`)." msgstr "" +"这个例子说明，即使CXX不支持任意泛型或模板，我们仍然可以通过手动将它们特化/单态化为非泛型" +"类型来将它们传递到FFI边界。在这个例子中，`ResultOfPngReader`是一个非泛型类型，它将适当的" +"方法（例如`is_err`、`unwrap`和/或`as_mut`）转发到`Result`。" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md:1 msgid "Using cxx in Chromium" msgstr "在 Chromium 中使用 cxx" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md:3 msgid "" -"In Chromium, we define an independent `#[cxx::bridge] mod` for each leaf-" -"node where we want to use Rust. You'd typically have one for each " -"`rust_static_library`. Just add" +"In Chromium, we define an independent `#[cxx::bridge] mod` for each leaf-node where we " +"want to use Rust. You'd typically have one for each `rust_static_library`. Just add" msgstr "" -"在 Chromium 中，针对每个需要使用 Rust 的叶节点，我们定义独立的 `#[cxx::" -"bridge] mod`。通常，每个 `rust_static_library` 都有对应的定义。只需将" +"在 Chromium 中，针对每个需要使用 Rust 的叶节点，我们定义独立的 `#[cxx::bridge] mod`。通" +"常，每个 `rust_static_library` 都有对应的定义。只需将" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md:7 msgid "" "```gn\n" "cxx_bindings = [ \"my_rust_file.rs\" ]\n" @@ -15374,269 +13860,239 @@ msgstr "" "allow_unsafe = true\n" "```" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md -msgid "" -"to your existing `rust_static_library` target alongside `crate_root` and " -"`sources`." -msgstr "" -"添加到您现有的 `rust_static_library` 以及 `crate_root` 和 `sources` 的目标" -"中。" +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md:13 +msgid "to your existing `rust_static_library` target alongside `crate_root` and `sources`." +msgstr "添加到您现有的 `rust_static_library` 以及 `crate_root` 和 `sources` 的目标中。" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md:16 msgid "C++ headers will be generated at a sensible location, so you can just" msgstr "C++ 头文件会在合理的位置生成，因此您只需" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md:19 msgid "\"ui/base/my_rust_file.rs.h\"" msgstr "\"ui/base/my_rust_file.rs.h\"" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md:22 msgid "" -"You will find some utility functions in `//base` to convert to/from Chromium " -"C++ types to CXX Rust types --- for example [`SpanToRustSlice`](https://" -"source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:base/containers/span_rust.h;" -"l=21)." +"You will find some utility functions in `//base` to convert to/from Chromium C++ types " +"to CXX Rust types --- for example `SpanToRustSlice`." msgstr "" -"您会发现，`//base` 中提供了一些实用函数，可将 Chromium C++ 类型与 CXX Rust 类" -"型相互转换，例如 [`SpanToRustSlice`](https://source.chromium.org/chromium/" -"chromium/src/+/main:base/containers/span_rust.h;l=21)。" +"你会在`//base`中找到一些实用函数，用于将Chromium C++类型转换为CXX Rust类型，例如" +"`SpanToRustSlice`。" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md:27 msgid "Students may ask --- why do we still need `allow_unsafe = true`?" msgstr "学生可能会问：为什么我们仍然需要 `allow_unsafe = true`？" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md:29 msgid "" -"The broad answer is that no C/C++ code is \"safe\" by the normal Rust " -"standards. Calling back and forth to C/C++ from Rust may do arbitrary things " -"to memory, and compromise the safety of Rust's own data layouts. Presence of " -"_too many_ `unsafe` keywords in C/C++ interop can harm the signal-to-noise " -"ratio of such a keyword, and is [controversial](https://steveklabnik.com/" -"writing/the-cxx-debate), but strictly, bringing any foreign code into a Rust " -"binary can cause unexpected behavior from Rust's perspective." +"The broad answer is that no C/C++ code is \"safe\" by the normal Rust standards. Calling " +"back and forth to C/C++ from Rust may do arbitrary things to memory, and compromise the " +"safety of Rust's own data layouts. Presence of _too many_ `unsafe` keywords in C/C++ " +"interop can harm the signal-to-noise ratio of such a keyword, and is controversial, but " +"strictly, bringing any foreign code into a Rust binary can cause unexpected behavior " +"from Rust's perspective." msgstr "" -"总的来说，按照常规 Rust 标准，没有任何 C/C++ 代码是 “安全”的。在 Rust 中来回" -"调用 C/C++ 可能会对内存执行任意操作，并危及 Rust 自身数据布局的安全性。如果 " -"C/C++ 互操作性中出现 _过多_ 的 `unsafe` 关键字，可能会损害此类关键字的信噪" -"比，并且 [存在争议](https://steveklabnik.com/writing/the-cxx-debate)。但严格" -"地说，将任何外部代码引入 Rust 二进制文件可能会导致 Rust 中出现意外行为。" +"总的来说，按照常规的Rust标准，没有任何C/C++代码是“安全的”。在Rust和C/C++之间来回调用可能" +"会对内存执行任意操作，从而危及Rust自身数据布局的安全性。在C/C++交互中存在过多的`unsafe`关" +"键字可能会损害此类关键字的信噪比，并且存在争议，但严格来说，将任何外部代码引入Rust二进制" +"文件都可能导致Rust的意外行为。" -#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md:36 msgid "" -"The narrow answer lies in the diagram at the top of [this page](../" -"interoperability-with-cpp.md) --- behind the scenes, CXX generates Rust " -"`unsafe` and `extern \"C\"` functions just like we did manually in the " +"The narrow answer lies in the diagram at the top of this page --- behind the scenes, CXX " +"generates Rust `unsafe` and `extern \"C\"` functions just like we did manually in the " "previous section." msgstr "" -"具体答案可在本页顶部的图表中找到：CXX 会在后台生成 Rust `unsafe` 和 `extern " -"\"C\"` 函数，与我们在上一部分手动生成的函数类似。" +"具体答案可在本页顶部的图表中找到：CXX 会在后台生成 Rust `unsafe` 和 `extern \"C\"` 函数，" +"与我们在上一部分手动生成的函数类似。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md:1 msgid "Exercise: Interoperability with C++" -msgstr "与 C 的互操作性" +msgstr "练习：与 C 的互操作性" -#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md:3 msgid "Part one" msgstr "第一部分" -#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md:5 msgid "" -"In the Rust file you previously created, add a `#[cxx::bridge]` which " -"specifies a single function, to be called from C++, called " -"`hello_from_rust`, taking no parameters and returning no value." +"In the Rust file you previously created, add a `#[cxx::bridge]` which specifies a single " +"function, to be called from C++, called `hello_from_rust`, taking no parameters and " +"returning no value." msgstr "" -"在您之前创建的 Rust 文件中，添加 `#[cxx::bridge]` 来指定一个将从 C++ 调用的函" -"数（名为 `hello_from_rust`），该函数不接受任何参数也不返回任何值。" +"在您之前创建的 Rust 文件中，添加 `#[cxx::bridge]` 来指定一个将从 C++ 调用的函数（名为 " +"`hello_from_rust`），该函数不接受任何参数也不返回任何值。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md:8 msgid "" "Modify your previous `hello_from_rust` function to remove `extern \"C\"` and " "`#[no_mangle]`. This is now just a standard Rust function." msgstr "" -"修改之前的 `hello_from_rust` 函数，移除 `extern \"C\"` 和 `#[no_mangle]`。现" -"在，这只是一个标准的 Rust 函数。" +"修改之前的 `hello_from_rust` 函数，移除 `extern \"C\"` 和 `#[no_mangle]`。现在，这只是一" +"个标准的 Rust 函数。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md:10 msgid "Modify your `gn` target to build these bindings." msgstr "请修改 `gn` 目标以构建这些绑定。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md:11 msgid "" -"In your C++ code, remove the forward-declaration of `hello_from_rust`. " -"Instead, include the generated header file." -msgstr "" -"在 C++ 代码中，移除 `hello_from_rust` 的正向声明，然后添加生成的头文件。" +"In your C++ code, remove the forward-declaration of `hello_from_rust`. Instead, include " +"the generated header file." +msgstr "在 C++ 代码中，移除 `hello_from_rust` 的正向声明，然后添加生成的头文件。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md:13 msgid "Build and run!" msgstr "构建并运行！" -#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md:15 msgid "Part two" msgstr "第二部分" -#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md:17 msgid "" -"It's a good idea to play with CXX a little. It helps you think about how " -"flexible Rust in Chromium actually is." -msgstr "" -"建议尝试操作一下 CXX。这有助于您更好地理解 Rust 在Chromium 中的灵活性。" +"It's a good idea to play with CXX a little. It helps you think about how flexible Rust " +"in Chromium actually is." +msgstr "建议尝试操作一下 CXX。这有助于您更好地理解 Rust 在Chromium 中的灵活性。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md:20 msgid "Some things to try:" -msgstr "一些注意事项：" +msgstr "一些尝试的事情:" -#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md:22 msgid "Call back into C++ from Rust. You will need:" msgstr "从 Rust 回调到 C++。您需要执行以下操作：" -#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md:23 msgid "" -"An additional header file which you can `include!` from your `cxx::bridge`. " -"You'll need to declare your C++ function in that new header file." +"An additional header file which you can `include!` from your `cxx::bridge`. You'll need " +"to declare your C++ function in that new header file." msgstr "" -"创建一个附加头文件，且您可以从 `cxx::bridge` 对其进行 `include!` 操作。您需要" -"在这个新的头文件中声明要调用的 C++ 函数。" +"创建一个附加头文件，且您可以从 `cxx::bridge` 对其进行 `include!` 操作。您需要在这个新的头" +"文件中声明要调用的 C++ 函数。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md:25 msgid "" -"An `unsafe` block to call such a function, or alternatively specify the " -"`unsafe` keyword in your `#[cxx::bridge]` [as described here](https://cxx.rs/" -"extern-c++.html#functions-and-member-functions)." +"An `unsafe` block to call such a function, or alternatively specify the `unsafe` keyword " +"in your `#[cxx::bridge]` as described here." msgstr "" -"创建一个 `unsafe` 代码块，用于调用此类函数，也可以在 `#[cxx::bridge]` 中指定 " -"`unsafe` 关键字，[如此处所述](https://cxx.rs/extern-c++.html#functions-and-" -"member-functions)。" +"一个`unsafe`块来调用这样的函数，或者如此描述的在你的`#[cxx::bridge]`中指定`unsafe`关键" +"字。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md -msgid "" -"You may also need to `#include \"third_party/rust/cxx/v1/crate/include/cxx." -"h\"`" -msgstr "" -"您可能还需要添加 `#include \"third_party/rust/cxx/v1/crate/include/cxx.h\"`" +#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md:27 +msgid "You may also need to `#include \"third_party/rust/cxx/v1/crate/include/cxx.h\"`" +msgstr "您可能还需要添加 `#include \"third_party/rust/cxx/v1/crate/include/cxx.h\"`" -#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md:29 msgid "Pass a C++ string from C++ into Rust." msgstr "将 C++ 字符串从 C++ 传递到 Rust。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md:30 msgid "Pass a reference to a C++ object into Rust." msgstr "将对 C++ 对象的引用传递到 Rust。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md:31 msgid "" -"Intentionally get the Rust function signatures mismatched from the `#[cxx::" -"bridge]`, and get used to the errors you see." -msgstr "" -"刻意让 Rust 函数签名与 `#[cxx::bridge]` 不匹配，并逐渐熟悉所看到的错误信息。" +"Intentionally get the Rust function signatures mismatched from the `#[cxx::bridge]`, and " +"get used to the errors you see." +msgstr "刻意让 Rust 函数签名与 `#[cxx::bridge]` 不匹配，并逐渐熟悉所看到的错误信息。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md:33 msgid "" -"Intentionally get the C++ function signatures mismatched from the `#[cxx::" -"bridge]`, and get used to the errors you see." +"Intentionally get the C++ function signatures mismatched from the `#[cxx::bridge]`, and " +"get used to the errors you see." msgstr "刻意让 C++ 函数签名与 `#[cxx::bridge]` 不匹配，并适应您看到的错误。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md:35 msgid "" -"Pass a `std::unique_ptr` of some type from C++ into Rust, so that Rust can " -"own some C++ object." +"Pass a `std::unique_ptr` of some type from C++ into Rust, so that Rust can own some C++ " +"object." msgstr "" -"将某个类型的 `std::unique_ptr` 从 C++ 传递到 Rust，以便 Rust 拥有某个 C++ 对" -"象的所有权。" +"将某个类型的 `std::unique_ptr` 从 C++ 传递到 Rust，以便 Rust 拥有某个 C++ 对象的所有权。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md:37 msgid "" -"Create a Rust object and pass it into C++, so that C++ owns it. (Hint: you " -"need a `Box`)." +"Create a Rust object and pass it into C++, so that C++ owns it. (Hint: you need a `Box`)." msgstr "" -"创建一个 Rust 对象并将其传递到 C++，以便 C++ 拥有它的所有权。（提示：您需要使" -"用 `Box`）。" +"创建一个 Rust 对象并将其传递到 C++，以便 C++ 拥有它的所有权。（提示：您需要使用 `Box`）。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md:39 msgid "Declare some methods on a C++ type. Call them from Rust." msgstr "声明调用某个 C++ 类型的方法。从 Rust 调用它们。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md:40 msgid "Declare some methods on a Rust type. Call them from C++." msgstr "声明调用某个 Rust 类型的方法。从 C++ 调用它们。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md:42 msgid "Part three" msgstr "第三部分" -#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md:44 msgid "" -"Now you understand the strengths and limitations of CXX interop, think of a " -"couple of use-cases for Rust in Chromium where the interface would be " -"sufficiently simple. Sketch how you might define that interface." +"Now you understand the strengths and limitations of CXX interop, think of a couple of " +"use-cases for Rust in Chromium where the interface would be sufficiently simple. Sketch " +"how you might define that interface." msgstr "" -"现在，您已经了解了 CXX 互操作性的优势和局限，请思考几个 Rust 在 Chromium 中的" -"应用场景，其中接口要足够简单构思该如何定义该接口。" +"现在，您已经了解了 CXX 互操作性的优势和局限，请思考几个 Rust 在 Chromium 中的应用场景，其" +"中接口要足够简单构思该如何定义该接口。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "The [`cxx` binding reference](https://cxx.rs/bindings.html)" -msgstr "展示 [Rust 和 C++类型](https://cxx.rs/bindings.html) 之间的对应关系：" +#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md:50 +msgid "The `cxx` binding reference" +msgstr "`cxx`绑定参考" -#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md -msgid "" -"The [`rust_static_library` gn template](https://source.chromium.org/chromium/" -"chromium/src/+/main:build/rust/rust_static_library.gni;l=16)" -msgstr "" -"[`rust_static_library` gn 模板](https://source.chromium.org/chromium/" -"chromium/src/+/main:build/rust/rust_static_library.gni;l=16)" +#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md:51 +msgid "The `rust_static_library` gn template" +msgstr "`rust_static_library` GN 模板" -#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md:57 msgid "Some of the questions you may encounter:" msgstr "您可能会遇到以下问题：" -#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md:59 msgid "" -"I'm seeing a problem initializing a variable of type X with type Y, where X " -"and Y are both function types. This is because your C++ function doesn't " -"quite match the declaration in your `cxx::bridge`." +"I'm seeing a problem initializing a variable of type X with type Y, where X and Y are " +"both function types. This is because your C++ function doesn't quite match the " +"declaration in your `cxx::bridge`." msgstr "" -"当我用类型 Y 初始化类型 X 的变量时，出现了初始化问题，其中 X 和 Y 都是函数类" -"型。这是因为您的 C++ 函数实现与 `cxx::bridge` 中的声明并不完全一致。" +"当我用类型 Y 初始化类型 X 的变量时，出现了初始化问题，其中 X 和 Y 都是函数类型。这是因为" +"您的 C++ 函数实现与 `cxx::bridge` 中的声明并不完全一致。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md:62 msgid "" -"I seem to be able to freely convert C++ references into Rust references. " -"Doesn't that risk UB? For CXX's _opaque_ types, no, because they are zero-" -"sized. For CXX trivial types yes, it's _possible_ to cause UB, although " -"CXX's design makes it quite difficult to craft such an example." +"I seem to be able to freely convert C++ references into Rust references. Doesn't that " +"risk UB? For CXX's _opaque_ types, no, because they are zero-sized. For CXX trivial " +"types yes, it's _possible_ to cause UB, although CXX's design makes it quite difficult " +"to craft such an example." msgstr "" -"我好像能随意将 C++ 引用转换为 Rust 引用。这样不会导致 UB 风险吗？对于 CXX 的_" -"不透明_类型，答案为否，因为它们的大小为零。对于 CXX 的基本类型，确实_有可能_" -"导致 UB，但鉴于 CXX 的设计策略，要构建能导致这种情况的示例颇为困难。" +"我好像能随意将 C++ 引用转换为 Rust 引用。这样不会导致 UB 风险吗？对于 CXX 的_不透明_类" +"型，答案为否，因为它们的大小为零。对于 CXX 的基本类型，确实_有可能_导致 UB，但鉴于 CXX 的" +"设计策略，要构建能导致这种情况的示例颇为困难。" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "" -"Rust libraries are called \"crates\" and are found at [crates.io](https://" -"crates.io). It's _very easy_ for Rust crates to depend upon one another. So " -"they do!" +"Rust libraries are called \"crates\" and are found at crates.io. It's _very easy_ for " +"Rust crates to depend upon one another. So they do!" msgstr "" -"Rust 库被称为 `crate`，可在 [crates.io](https://crates.io) 中找到。Rust 的 " -"crate 之间非常容易相互依赖。事实证明，他们确实如此！" +"Rust库被称为\"crates\"，可以在crates.io上找到。Rust crates之间相互依赖非常容易。因此它们" +"确实这样做！" + +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md +msgid "Property" +msgstr "属性" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md -#, fuzzy msgid "C++ library" -msgstr "库" +msgstr "C++ 库" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md -#, fuzzy msgid "Rust crate" -msgstr "Rust 生态系统" +msgstr "Rust crate" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md -#, fuzzy msgid "Build system" -msgstr "Rust 生态系统" +msgstr "构建系统" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "Lots" @@ -15672,15 +14128,13 @@ msgstr "对于 Chromium 工程师来说，这种依赖关系具有以下利弊 #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "" -"All crates use a common build system so we can automate their inclusion into " -"Chromium..." -msgstr "" -"所有 crate 都使用共同的构建系统，这样我们就可以自动将其收录到 Chromium 中..." +"All crates use a common build system so we can automate their inclusion into Chromium..." +msgstr "所有 crate 都使用共同的构建系统，这样我们就可以自动将其收录到 Chromium 中..." #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "" -"... but, crates typically have transitive dependencies, so you will likely " -"have to bring in multiple libraries." +"... but, crates typically have transitive dependencies, so you will likely have to bring " +"in multiple libraries." msgstr "...但是，crate 通常具有传递依赖项，因此可能需要引入多个库。" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md @@ -15699,22 +14153,18 @@ msgstr "如何为其制定 `gn` 构建规则" msgid "How to audit its source code for sufficient safety." msgstr "如何审核其源代码以确保足够的安全性。" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-cargo-toml.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-cargo-toml.md:1 msgid "Configuring the `Cargo.toml` file to add crates" msgstr "配置 `Cargo.tom` 文件以添加 crate" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-cargo-toml.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-cargo-toml.md:3 msgid "" -"Chromium has a single set of centrally-managed direct crate dependencies. " -"These are managed through a single [`Cargo.toml`](https://source.chromium." -"org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/Cargo." -"toml):" +"Chromium has a single set of centrally-managed direct crate dependencies. These are " +"managed through a single `Cargo.toml`:" msgstr "" -"Chromium 具有一组集中管理的直接 crate 依赖项。这些依赖项通过单独的 [`Cargo." -"toml`](https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:third_party/" -"rust/chromium_crates_io/Cargo.toml) 文件进行管理：" +"Chromium拥有一组集中管理的直接crate依赖关系。这些通过一个单独的`Cargo.toml`文件管理：" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-cargo-toml.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-cargo-toml.md:6 msgid "" "```toml\n" "[dependencies]\n" @@ -15732,253 +14182,231 @@ msgstr "" "# lots more...\n" "```" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-cargo-toml.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-cargo-toml.md:14 msgid "" -"As with any other `Cargo.toml`, you can specify [more details about the " -"dependencies](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/specifying-" -"dependencies.html) --- most commonly, you'll want to specify the `features` " -"that you wish to enable in the crate." +"As with any other `Cargo.toml`, you can specify more details about the dependencies --- " +"most commonly, you'll want to specify the `features` that you wish to enable in the " +"crate." msgstr "" -"与任何其他 `Cargo.toml` 一样，您可以指定 [有关依赖项的更多详细信息](https://" -"doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/specifying-dependencies.html)。最常见的是，" -"您需要指定要在 crate 中启用的 `features`。" +"和其他任何`Cargo.toml`一样，你可以指定有关依赖项的更多详细信息 --- 最常见的是，你可能想要" +"指定你希望在crate中启用的`features`。" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-cargo-toml.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-cargo-toml.md:18 msgid "" -"When adding a crate to Chromium, you'll often need to provide some extra " -"information in an additional file, `gnrt_config.toml`, which we'll meet next." +"When adding a crate to Chromium, you'll often need to provide some extra information in " +"an additional file, `gnrt_config.toml`, which we'll meet next." msgstr "" -"向 Chromium 中添加 crate 时，通常需要在附加文件 `gnrt_config.toml` 中提供一些" -"额外的信息，我们将在下文中加以介绍。" +"向 Chromium 中添加 crate 时，通常需要在附加文件 `gnrt_config.toml` 中提供一些额外的信息，" +"我们将在下文中加以介绍。" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md:3 msgid "" -"Alongside `Cargo.toml` is [`gnrt_config.toml`](https://source.chromium.org/" -"chromium/chromium/src/+/main:third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/gnrt_config." -"toml). This contains Chromium-specific extensions to crate handling." +"Alongside `Cargo.toml` is `gnrt_config.toml`. This contains Chromium-specific extensions " +"to crate handling." msgstr "" -"与 `Cargo.toml` 一起使用的是 [`gnrt_config.toml`](https://source.chromium." -"org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/" -"gnrt_config.toml)。此文件包含 Chromium 专用扩展程序，可用于处理 crate。" +"在`Cargo.toml`旁边是`gnrt_config.toml`。这个文件包含了Chromium特定的crate处理扩展。" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md -msgid "" -"If you add a new crate, you should specify at least the `group`. This is one " -"of:" +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md:6 +msgid "If you add a new crate, you should specify at least the `group`. This is one of:" msgstr "如果添加新的 crate，至少要明确指定 `group`。可以为以下选项之一：" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md:15 +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md:15 msgid "For instance," -msgstr "例如：" +msgstr "例如，" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md:22 msgid "" -"Depending on the crate source code layout, you may also need to use this " -"file to specify where its `LICENSE` file(s) can be found." -msgstr "" -"根据 crate 源代码布局，您可能还需要使用此文件指定其 `LICENSE` 文件的所在位" -"置。" +"Depending on the crate source code layout, you may also need to use this file to specify " +"where its `LICENSE` file(s) can be found." +msgstr "根据 crate 源代码布局，您可能还需要使用此文件指定其 `LICENSE` 文件的所在位置。" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md:25 msgid "" -"Later, we'll see some other things you will need to configure in this file " -"to resolve problems." +"Later, we'll see some other things you will need to configure in this file to resolve " +"problems." msgstr "稍后，我们将介绍需要在此文件中配置的其他内容，以便能够解决问题。" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md:3 msgid "" -"A tool called `gnrt` knows how to download crates and how to generate `BUILD." -"gn` rules." -msgstr "" -"有一款名为 `gnrt` 的工具，具有下载 crate 以及生成 `BUILD.gn` 规则的功能。" +"A tool called `gnrt` knows how to download crates and how to generate `BUILD.gn` rules." +msgstr "有一款名为 `gnrt` 的工具，具有下载 crate 以及生成 `BUILD.gn` 规则的功能。" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md:6 msgid "To start, download the crate you want like this:" msgstr "首先，按如下所示下载所需的 crate：" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md:13 msgid "" -"Although the `gnrt` tool is part of the Chromium source code, by running " -"this command you will be downloading and running its dependencies from " -"`crates.io`. See [the earlier section](../cargo.md) discussing this security " -"decision." +"Although the `gnrt` tool is part of the Chromium source code, by running this command " +"you will be downloading and running its dependencies from `crates.io`. See the earlier " +"section discussing this security decision." msgstr "" -"虽然 `gnrt` 工具是 Chromium 源代码的一部分，但通过运行此命令，您可以从 " -"`crates.io` 下载并运行其依赖项。有关该安全决策的讨论，请参阅 [前面的部分](../" -"cargo.md)。" +"虽然`gnrt`工具是Chromium源代码的一部分，但通过运行这个命令，你将从`crates.io`下载并运行它" +"的依赖项。请参阅之前讨论的安全决策部分。" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md:17 msgid "This `vendor` command may download:" msgstr "运行此 `vendor` 命令可能会下载以下内容：" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md:19 msgid "Your crate" -msgstr "实用 crate" +msgstr "你的 crate" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md:20 msgid "Direct and transitive dependencies" msgstr "直接依赖项和传递依赖项" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md:21 msgid "" -"New versions of other crates, as required by `cargo` to resolve the complete " -"set of crates required by Chromium." -msgstr "" -"`cargo` 要求的其他 crate 的新版本，用于解析 Chromium 所需的全部 crate。" +"New versions of other crates, as required by `cargo` to resolve the complete set of " +"crates required by Chromium." +msgstr "`cargo` 要求的其他 crate 的新版本，用于解析 Chromium 所需的全部 crate。" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md:24 msgid "" "Chromium maintains patches for some crates, kept in `//third_party/rust/" -"chromium_crates_io/patches`. These will be reapplied automatically, but if " -"patching fails you may need to take manual action." +"chromium_crates_io/patches`. These will be reapplied automatically, but if patching " +"fails you may need to take manual action." msgstr "" -"Chromium 会修复一些 crate 的补丁，并将其保存在 `//third_party/rust/" -"chromium_crates_io/patches` 中。系统会自动重新应用这些补丁，但如果补丁应用失" -"败，您可能需要进行手动操作。" +"Chromium 会修复一些 crate 的补丁，并将其保存在 `//third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/" +"patches` 中。系统会自动重新应用这些补丁，但如果补丁应用失败，您可能需要进行手动操作。" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md -msgid "" -"Once you've downloaded the crate, generate the `BUILD.gn` files like this:" +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md:3 +msgid "Once you've downloaded the crate, generate the `BUILD.gn` files like this:" msgstr "下载 crate 后，按如下方式生成 `BUILD.gn` 文件：" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md:9 msgid "Now run `git status`. You should find:" msgstr "现在，运行 `git status`。您应该会看到：" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md -msgid "" -"At least one new crate source code in `third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/" -"vendor`" -msgstr "" -"`third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/vendor` 中至少包含一个新的 crate 源代码" +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md:11 +msgid "At least one new crate source code in `third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/vendor`" +msgstr "`third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/vendor` 中至少包含一个新的 crate 源代码" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md:13 msgid "" -"At least one new `BUILD.gn` in `third_party/rust//v`" +"At least one new `BUILD.gn` in `third_party/rust//v`" msgstr "" -"`third_party/rust//v` 中至少包含一个新的 " -"`BUILD.gn`" +"`third_party/rust//v` 中至少包含一个新的 `BUILD.gn`" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md:15 msgid "An appropriate `README.chromium`" msgstr "相应的 `README.chromium`" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"The \"major semver version\" is a [Rust \"semver\" version number](https://" -"doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/semver.html)." -msgstr "" -"请参阅 [Rust 引用](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/type-layout.html)。" +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md:17 +msgid "The \"major semver version\" is a Rust \"semver\" version number." +msgstr "“major semver version”是一个Rust的”semver”版本号。" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md -msgid "" -"Take a close look, especially at the things generated in `third_party/rust`." +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md:19 +msgid "Take a close look, especially at the things generated in `third_party/rust`." msgstr "请仔细观察，尤其是 `third_party/rust` 中生成的内容。" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md:23 msgid "" -"Talk a little about semver --- and specifically the way that in Chromium " -"it's to allow multiple incompatible versions of a crate, which is " -"discouraged but sometimes necessary in the Cargo ecosystem." +"Talk a little about semver --- and specifically the way that in Chromium it's to allow " +"multiple incompatible versions of a crate, which is discouraged but sometimes necessary " +"in the Cargo ecosystem." msgstr "" -"浅谈下 semver，特别是在 Chromium 中，它支持使用多个不兼容的 crate 版本。虽然" -"在 Cargo 生态系统中不鼓励这种方式，但在某些情况下却是必要的。" +"浅谈下 semver，特别是在 Chromium 中，它支持使用多个不兼容的 crate 版本。虽然在 Cargo 生态" +"系统中不鼓励这种方式，但在某些情况下却是必要的。" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md:3 msgid "" -"If your build fails, it may be because of a `build.rs`: programs which do " -"arbitrary things at build time. This is fundamentally at odds with the " -"design of `gn` and `ninja` which aim for static, deterministic, build rules " -"to maximize parallelism and repeatability of builds." +"If your build fails, it may be because of a `build.rs`: programs which do arbitrary " +"things at build time. This is fundamentally at odds with the design of `gn` and `ninja` " +"which aim for static, deterministic, build rules to maximize parallelism and " +"repeatability of builds." msgstr "" -"如果构建失败，可能是 `build.rs` 文件所致：这些程序在构建过程中执行了任意操" -"作。这与 `gn` 和 `ninja` 的设计完全不相符，它们旨在实现静态、确定性的构建规" -"则，以最大限度地提高构建的并行性和可重复性。" +"如果构建失败，可能是 `build.rs` 文件所致：这些程序在构建过程中执行了任意操作。这与 `gn` " +"和 `ninja` 的设计完全不相符，它们旨在实现静态、确定性的构建规则，以最大限度地提高构建的并" +"行性和可重复性。" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md -msgid "" -"Some `build.rs` actions are automatically supported; others require action:" +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md:8 +msgid "Some `build.rs` actions are automatically supported; others require action:" msgstr "系统支持自动进行某些 `build.rs` 操作；而有些需要进行额外的处理：" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md:10 msgid "build script effect" msgstr "构建脚本效果" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md:10 msgid "Supported by our gn templates" msgstr "我们的 gn 模板均支持" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md:10 msgid "Work required by you" msgstr "您需要完成的工作" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md:12 msgid "Checking rustc version to configure features on and off" msgstr "检查 rustc 版本以配置启用和停用功能" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md:12 +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md:13 +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md:14 +msgid "Yes" +msgstr "是" + +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md:12 +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md:13 msgid "None" msgstr "无" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md:13 msgid "Checking platform or CPU to configure features on and off" msgstr "检查平台或 CPU 以配置启用和停用功能" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md:14 msgid "Generating code" -msgstr "生成 代码" +msgstr "生成代码" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md:14 msgid "Yes - specify in `gnrt_config.toml`" msgstr "是的，在 `gnrt_config.toml` 中指定" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md:15 msgid "Building C/C++" msgstr "构建 C/C++" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md:15 +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md:16 +msgid "No" +msgstr "否" + +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md:15 +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md:16 msgid "Patch around it" msgstr "进行补丁修复" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md:16 msgid "Arbitrary other actions" msgstr "任意其他操作" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md:18 msgid "" -"Fortunately, most crates don't contain a build script, and fortunately, most " -"build scripts only do the top two actions." -msgstr "" -"幸运的是，大多数 crate 不包含构建脚本，而且大多数的构建脚本只执行前两项操作。" +"Fortunately, most crates don't contain a build script, and fortunately, most build " +"scripts only do the top two actions." +msgstr "幸运的是，大多数 crate 不包含构建脚本，而且大多数的构建脚本只执行前两项操作。" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-generate-code.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-generate-code.md:3 msgid "" -"If `ninja` complains about missing files, check the `build.rs` to see if it " -"writes source code files." -msgstr "" -"如果 `ninja` 提示有文件缺失，请检查 `build.rs`，确认其是否写入了源代码文件。" +"If `ninja` complains about missing files, check the `build.rs` to see if it writes " +"source code files." +msgstr "如果 `ninja` 提示有文件缺失，请检查 `build.rs`，确认其是否写入了源代码文件。" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-generate-code.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-generate-code.md:6 msgid "" -"If so, modify [`gnrt_config.toml`](../configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md) to " -"add `build-script-outputs` to the crate. If this is a transitive dependency, " -"that is, one on which Chromium code should not directly depend, also add " -"`allow-first-party-usage=false`. There are several examples already in that " +"If so, modify `gnrt_config.toml` to add `build-script-outputs` to the crate. If this is " +"a transitive dependency, that is, one on which Chromium code should not directly depend, " +"also add `allow-first-party-usage=false`. There are several examples already in that " "file:" msgstr "" -"如果是，请修改 [`gnrt_config.toml`](../configuration-gnrt-config-toml.md)，" -"将 `build-script-outputs` 添加到 crate。如果这是一个传递依赖项（即 Chromium " -"代码不应直接依赖的依赖项），还要添加 `allow-first-party-usage=false`。该文件" -"中已经提供了若干示例：" +"如果是这样，请修改`gnrt_config.toml`以将`build-script-outputs`添加到crate中。如果这是一个" +"传递性依赖关系，也就是说，Chromium代码不应直接依赖于它，请添加`allow-first-party-" +"usage=false`。该文件中已经有几个示例：" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-generate-code.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-generate-code.md:11 msgid "" "```toml\n" "[crate.unicode-linebreak]\n" @@ -15989,88 +14417,77 @@ msgstr "" "```toml\n" "[crate.unicode-linebreak]\n" "allow-first-party-usage = false\n" -"build-script-outputs = [ \"tables.rs\" ]\n" +"build-script-outputs = [“tables.rs”]\n" "```" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-generate-code.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-generate-code.md:17 msgid "" -"Now rerun [`gnrt.py -- gen`](../generating-gn-build-rules.md) to regenerate " -"`BUILD.gn` files to inform ninja that this particular output file is input " -"to subsequent build steps." +"Now rerun `gnrt.py -- gen` to regenerate `BUILD.gn` files to inform ninja that this " +"particular output file is input to subsequent build steps." msgstr "" -"现在，请重新运行 [`gnrt.py -- gen`](../generating-gn-build-rules.md)，重新生" -"成 `BUILD.gn` 文件，以通知 ninja 此特定输出文件将被用作后续构建步骤的输入。" +"现在重新运行`gnrt.py — gen`来重新生成`BUILD.gn`文件，以通知ninja这个特定的输出文件是后续" +"构建步骤的输入。" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md:3 msgid "" -"Some crates use the [`cc`](https://crates.io/crates/cc) crate to build and " -"link C/C++ libraries. Other crates parse C/C++ using [`bindgen`](https://" -"crates.io/crates/bindgen) within their build scripts. These actions can't be " -"supported in a Chromium context --- our gn, ninja and LLVM build system is " -"very specific in expressing relationships between build actions." +"Some crates use the `cc` crate to build and link C/C++ libraries. Other crates parse C/C+" +"+ using `bindgen` within their build scripts. These actions can't be supported in a " +"Chromium context --- our gn, ninja and LLVM build system is very specific in expressing " +"relationships between build actions." msgstr "" -"有些 crate 使用 [`cc`](https://crates.io/crates/cc) crate 来构建和关联 C/C++ " -"库。其他 crate 会在其构建脚本中使用 [`bindgen`](https://crates.io/crates/" -"bindgen) 解析 C/C++。Chromium 环境中不支持进行这些操作，因为我们的 gn、ninja " -"和 LLVM 构建系统在表达构建操作之间的关系方面具有非常严格具体的要求。" +"一些crate使用`cc` crate来构建和链接C/C++库。其他crate在它们的构建脚本中使用`bindgen`来解" +"析C/C++。在Chromium上下文中无法支持这些操作 --- 我们的gn、ninja和LLVM构建系统非常特定，以" +"表达构建操作之间的关系。" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md:8 msgid "So, your options are:" msgstr "因此，您可以选择：" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md:10 msgid "Avoid these crates" msgstr "避开这些 crate" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md:11 msgid "Apply a patch to the crate." msgstr "对 crate 应用补丁。" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md:13 msgid "" -"Patches should be kept in `third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/patches/" -"` - see for example the [patches against the `cxx` crate](https://" -"source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:third_party/rust/" -"chromium_crates_io/patches/cxx/) - and will be applied automatically by " +"Patches should be kept in `third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/patches/` - see " +"for example the patches against the `cxx` crate - and will be applied automatically by " "`gnrt` each time it upgrades the crate." msgstr "" -"补丁应保存在 `third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/patches/` 中，请参" -"阅 [面向 `cxx` crate 的补丁](https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/" -"src/+/main:third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/patches/cxx/) 中的示例。每当 " -"`gnrt` 升级该 crate 时，将会自动应用补丁文件。" +"补丁应该保存在`third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/patches/`目录下 - 例如，查看针" +"对`cxx` crate的补丁 - 并且每次`gnrt`升级crate时将会自动应用这些补丁。" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md:3 msgid "" -"Once you've added a third-party crate and generated build rules, depending " -"on a crate is simple. Find your `rust_static_library` target, and add a " -"`dep` on the `:lib` target within your crate." +"Once you've added a third-party crate and generated build rules, depending on a crate is " +"simple. Find your `rust_static_library` target, and add a `dep` on the `:lib` target " +"within your crate." msgstr "" -"添加第三方 crate 并生成构建规则后，就可轻松使用该 crate。请找到 " -"`rust_static_library` 目标，并在 crate 中的 `:lib` 目标上添加 `dep`。" +"添加第三方 crate 并生成构建规则后，就可轻松使用该 crate。请找到 `rust_static_library` 目" +"标，并在 crate 中的 `:lib` 目标上添加 `dep`。" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md:7 msgid "Specifically," -msgstr "特定于操作系统" +msgstr "特别地，" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md:9 msgid "" "```bob\n" " +------------+ +----------------------+\n" -"\"//third_party/rust\" | crate name | \"/v\" | major semver version | \":" -"lib\"\n" +"\"//third_party/rust\" | crate name | \"/v\" | major semver version | \":lib\"\n" " +------------+ +----------------------+\n" "```" msgstr "" "```bob\n" -" +------------+ +----------------------+\n" -"\"//third_party/rust\" | crate name | \"/v\" | major semver version | \"/:" -"lib\"\n" -" +------------+ +----------------------+\n" +" +——————+ +———————————+\n" +"“//third_party/rust” | crate name | “/v” | major semver version | “:lib”\n" +" +——————+ +———————————+\n" "```" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md:17 msgid "" "```gn\n" "rust_static_library(\"my_rust_lib\") {\n" @@ -16088,299 +14505,243 @@ msgstr "" "}\n" "```" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md:1 msgid "Auditing Third Party Crates" msgstr "审核第三方 crate" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md:3 msgid "" -"Adding new libraries is subject to Chromium's standard [policies](https://" -"chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/refs/heads/main/docs/rust." -"md#Third_party-review), but of course also subject to security review. As " -"you may be bringing in not just a single crate but also transitive " -"dependencies, there may be a lot of code to review. On the other hand, safe " +"Adding new libraries is subject to Chromium's standard policies, but of course also " +"subject to security review. As you may be bringing in not just a single crate but also " +"transitive dependencies, there may be a lot of code to review. On the other hand, safe " "Rust code can have limited negative side effects. How should you review it?" msgstr "" -"添加新库须遵守 Chromium 的标准 [政策](https://chromium.googlesource.com/" -"chromium/src/+/refs/heads/main/docs/rust.md#Third_party-review)，当然也要遵守" -"安全审核标准。您可能不仅要引入单个 crate，而且还要引入传递依赖项，因此可能需" -"要审核大量代码。另一方面，安全的 Rust 代码可能产生的副作用有限。应如何对其进" -"行审核？" +"添加新库受到Chromium的标准政策约束，当然也需要进行安全审查。由于您可能带入的不仅是单个" +"crate，还有传递性依赖关系，因此可能需要审查大量代码。另一方面，安全的Rust代码可能具有有限" +"的负面影响。您应该如何进行审查呢？" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md -msgid "" -"Over time Chromium aims to move to a process based around [cargo vet]" -"(https://mozilla.github.io/cargo-vet/)." -msgstr "" -"随着时间的推移，Chromium 计划逐步采用以 [cargo vet](https://mozilla.github." -"io/cargo-vet/) 为核心的处理流程。" +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md:9 +msgid "Over time Chromium aims to move to a process based around cargo vet." +msgstr "随着时间的推移，Chromium的目标是转向基于cargo vet的流程。" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md -msgid "" -"Meanwhile, for each new crate addition, we are checking for the following:" +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md:11 +msgid "Meanwhile, for each new crate addition, we are checking for the following:" msgstr "与此同时，每当添加新的 crate 时，我们都会检查以下内容：" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md:13 msgid "" -"Understand why each crate is used. What's the relationship between crates? " -"If the build system for each crate contains a `build.rs` or procedural " -"macros, work out what they're for. Are they compatible with the way Chromium " -"is normally built?" +"Understand why each crate is used. What's the relationship between crates? If the build " +"system for each crate contains a `build.rs` or procedural macros, work out what they're " +"for. Are they compatible with the way Chromium is normally built?" msgstr "" -"了解每个 crate 的用途。crate 之间存在什么关系？如果每个 crate 的构建系统都包" -"含 `build.rs` 或过程宏，请确定它们的用途。它们能否与 Chromium 的正常构建方式" -"相兼容。" +"了解每个 crate 的用途。crate 之间存在什么关系？如果每个 crate 的构建系统都包含 `build." +"rs` 或过程宏，请确定它们的用途。它们能否与 Chromium 的正常构建方式相兼容？" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md:17 msgid "Check each crate seems to be reasonably well maintained" -msgstr "检查每个 crate 是否得到合理维护。" +msgstr "检查每个 crate 是否得到合理维护" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md:18 msgid "" "Use `cd third-party/rust/chromium_crates_io; cargo audit` to check for known " -"vulnerabilities (first you'll need to `cargo install cargo-audit`, which " -"ironically involves downloading lots of dependencies from the internet[2](../" -"cargo.md))" +"vulnerabilities (first you'll need to `cargo install cargo-audit`, which ironically " +"involves downloading lots of dependencies from the internet2)" msgstr "" -"使用 `cd third-party/rust/chromium_crates_io; cargo review` 检查已知漏洞（首" -"先需要运行 `cargo install cargo-audit`，令人意外的是，这个过程中需要从互联网" -"下载大量的依赖项 [2](../cargo.md)）" +"使用`cd third-party/rust/chromium_crates_io; cargo audit`来检查已知漏洞（首先您需要" +"`cargo install cargo-audit`，讽刺的是这将涉及从internet2下载许多依赖项）。" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md -msgid "" -"Ensure any `unsafe` code is good enough for the [Rule of Two](https://" -"chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/main/docs/security/rule-of-2." -"md#unsafe-code-in-safe-languages)" -msgstr "" -"确保所有 `unsafe` 代码都符合 [两大规则](https://chromium.googlesource.com/" -"chromium/src/+/main/docs/security/rule-of-2.md#unsafe-code-in-safe-" -"languages) 的要求" +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md:21 +msgid "Ensure any `unsafe` code is good enough for the Rule of Two" +msgstr "确保任何`unsafe`代码符合双重规则的标准" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md:22 msgid "Check for any use of `fs` or `net` APIs" msgstr "检查是否使用了 `fs` 或 `net` API" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md:23 msgid "" -"Read all the code at a sufficient level to look for anything out of place " -"that might have been maliciously inserted. (You can't realistically aim for " -"100% perfection here: there's often just too much code.)" +"Read all the code at a sufficient level to look for anything out of place that might " +"have been maliciously inserted. (You can't realistically aim for 100% perfection here: " +"there's often just too much code.)" msgstr "" -"尽可能地仔细阅读所有代码，查找任何可能属于恶意插入，稍显异常的地方。（但现实" -"中，您不可能做到百无遗漏，因为代码量通常太庞大了。）" +"尽可能地仔细阅读所有代码，查找任何可能属于恶意插入，稍显异常的地方。（但现实中，您不可能" +"做到百无遗漏，因为代码量通常太庞大了。）" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md:27 msgid "" -"These are just guidelines --- work with reviewers from `security@chromium." -"org` to work out the right way to become confident of the crate." +"These are just guidelines --- work with reviewers from `security@chromium.org` to work " +"out the right way to become confident of the crate." msgstr "" -"以下只是一些指导建议，请与 `security@chromium.org` 的审核者合租，共同找出能够" -"确保 crate 安全的正确方法。" +"以下只是一些指导建议，请与 `security@chromium.org` 的审核者合租，共同找出能够确保 crate " +"安全的正确方法。" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md:1 msgid "Checking Crates into Chromium Source Code" -msgstr "将 crate 签入 Chromium 源代码" +msgstr "将Crate检入Chromium源代码" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md:3 msgid "`git status` should reveal:" msgstr "`git status` 应显示以下内容：" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md:5 msgid "Crate code in `//third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io`" msgstr "`//third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io` 中的 crate 代码" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md:6 msgid "" -"Metadata (`BUILD.gn` and `README.chromium`) in `//third_party/rust//" -"`" +"Metadata (`BUILD.gn` and `README.chromium`) in `//third_party/rust//`" msgstr "" -"`//third_party/rust//` 中的元数据（`BUILD.gn` 和 `README." -"chromium`）" +"`//third_party/rust//` 中的元数据（`BUILD.gn` 和 `README.chromium`）" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md:9 msgid "Please also add an `OWNERS` file in the latter location." msgstr "此外，请在后面的位置添加 `OWNERS` 文件。" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md:11 msgid "" -"You should land all this, along with your `Cargo.toml` and `gnrt_config." -"toml` changes, into the Chromium repo." +"You should land all this, along with your `Cargo.toml` and `gnrt_config.toml` changes, " +"into the Chromium repo." msgstr "" -"您应将所有这些内容，以及对 `Cargo.toml` 和 `gnrt_config.toml` 的更改一起提交" -"到 Chromium 仓库中。" +"您应将所有这些内容，以及对 `Cargo.toml` 和 `gnrt_config.toml` 的更改一起提交到 Chromium " +"仓库中。" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md:14 msgid "" -"**Important**: you need to use `git add -f` because otherwise `.gitignore` " -"files may result in some files being skipped." +"**Important**: you need to use `git add -f` because otherwise `.gitignore` files may " +"result in some files being skipped." msgstr "" -"**重要提示**：您需要使用 `git add -f` 命令，否则 `.gitignore` 文件可能会导致" -"某些文件被跳过。" +"**重要提示**：您需要使用 `git add -f` 命令，否则 `.gitignore` 文件可能会导致某些文件被跳" +"过。" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md:17 msgid "" -"As you do so, you might find presubmit checks fail because of non-inclusive " -"language. This is because Rust crate data tends to include names of git " -"branches, and many projects still use non-inclusive terminology there. So " -"you may need to run:" +"As you do so, you might find presubmit checks fail because of non-inclusive language. " +"This is because Rust crate data tends to include names of git branches, and many " +"projects still use non-inclusive terminology there. So you may need to run:" msgstr "" -"在此过程中，您可能会发现由于使用了非包容性语言，导致提交前检查失败。这是因为 " -"Rust crate 数据往往包含 git 分支的名称，而许多项目仍然在使用非包容性术语。因" -"此，您需要运行以下命令：" +"在此过程中，您可能会发现由于使用了非包容性语言，导致提交前检查失败。这是因为 Rust crate " +"数据往往包含 git 分支的名称，而许多项目仍然在使用非包容性术语。因此，您需要运行以下命令：" -#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/keeping-up-to-date.md +#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/keeping-up-to-date.md:3 msgid "" -"As the OWNER of any third party Chromium dependency, you are [expected to " -"keep it up to date with any security fixes](https://chromium.googlesource." -"com/chromium/src/+/main/docs/adding_to_third_party.md#add-owners). It is " -"hoped that we will soon automate this for Rust crates, but for now, it's " -"still your responsibility just as it is for any other third party dependency." +"As the OWNER of any third party Chromium dependency, you are expected to keep it up to " +"date with any security fixes. It is hoped that we will soon automate this for Rust " +"crates, but for now, it's still your responsibility just as it is for any other third " +"party dependency." msgstr "" -"作为任何第三方 Chromium 依赖项的所有者，您 [应使用任何安全修复程序，确保该依" -"赖项处于最新状态](https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/main/docs/" -"adding_to_third_party.md#add-owners)。我们希望能够尽快实现对 Rust crate 自动" -"执行此操作，但目前仍由您负责执行，就像对待任何其他第三方依赖项一样。" +"作为任何第三方Chromium依赖项的所有者，您有责任及时更新它以修复任何安全问题。希望我们很快" +"会为Rust crates自动化这一过程，但目前，这仍然是您的责任，就像对任何其他第三方依赖项一样。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md:3 msgid "" -"Add [uwuify](https://crates.io/crates/uwuify) to Chromium, turning off the " -"crate's [default features](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/" -"features.html#the-default-feature). Assume that the crate will be used in " -"shipping Chromium, but won't be used to handle untrustworthy input." +"Add uwuify to Chromium, turning off the crate's default features. Assume that the crate " +"will be used in shipping Chromium, but won't be used to handle untrustworthy input." msgstr "" -"将 [uwuify](https://crates.io/crates/uwuify) 添加到 Chromium，以停用 crate " -"的 [默认功能](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/features.html#the-" -"default-feature)。假设该 crate 会交付 Chromium 时被使用，但不会用于处理不可信" -"的输入内容。" +"将`uwuify`添加到Chromium，并关闭crate的默认功能。假设该crate将用于发布的Chromium，但不会" +"用于处理不可信的输入。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md:7 msgid "" -"(In the next exercise we'll use uwuify from Chromium, but feel free to skip " -"ahead and do that now if you like. Or, you could create a new " -"[`rust_executable` target](https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/" -"+/main:build/rust/rust_executable.gni) which uses `uwuify`)." +"(In the next exercise we'll use uwuify from Chromium, but feel free to skip ahead and do " +"that now if you like. Or, you could create a new `rust_executable` target which uses " +"`uwuify`)." msgstr "" -"（在下一个练习中，我们将使用 Chromium 中的 uwuify；但您也可以跳过这一步，现在" -"就开始此操作。或者，您可以创建一个使用 `uwuify` 的新 [`rust_executable` 目标]" -"(https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:build/rust/" -"rust_executable.gni)。" +"（在下一个练习中，我们将从Chromium使用uwuify，但如果您愿意，可以提前执行。或者，您可以创" +"建一个新的`rust_executable`目标，该目标使用`uwuify`。）" -#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md:13 msgid "Students will need to download lots of transitive dependencies." -msgstr "学生们需要下载很多传递依赖项" +msgstr "学生们需要下载很多传递依赖项。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md:15 msgid "The total crates needed are:" -msgstr "" +msgstr "所需的总crate数量是:" -#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md:17 msgid "`instant`," -msgstr "例如：" +msgstr "`instant`，" -#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md:18 msgid "`lock_api`," -msgstr "" +msgstr "`lock_api`," -#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md:19 msgid "`parking_lot`," -msgstr "" +msgstr "`parking_lot`," -#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md:20 msgid "`parking_lot_core`," -msgstr "" +msgstr "`parking_lot_core`," -#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md:21 msgid "`redox_syscall`," -msgstr "" +msgstr "`redox_syscall`," -#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md:22 msgid "`scopeguard`," -msgstr "" +msgstr "`scopeguard`," -#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md:23 msgid "`smallvec`, and" -msgstr "" +msgstr "`smallvec`，和" -#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md +#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md:24 msgid "`uwuify`." -msgstr "" +msgstr "`uwuify`。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md:26 msgid "" -"If students are downloading even more than that, they probably forgot to " -"turn off the default features." -msgstr "" -"所需的全部 crate 包括：uwuify、smallvec、scopeguard、parking_lot、" -"park_lot_core、lock_api 和 Instant。如果学生下载的 crate 数目比这还多，则他们" -"可能忘了停用默认功能。" +"If students are downloading even more than that, they probably forgot to turn off the " +"default features." +msgstr "如果学生下载了更多crate，他们可能忘记了关闭默认功能。" -#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"Thanks to [Daniel Liu](https://github.com/Daniel-Liu-c0deb0t) for this crate!" -msgstr "" -"感谢 [Daniel Liu](https://github.com/Daniel-Liu-c0deb0t) 提供此 crate！" +#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md:29 +msgid "Thanks to Daniel Liu for this crate!" +msgstr "感谢Daniel Liu提供这个crate！" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md -#, fuzzy msgid "Bringing It Together --- Exercise" msgstr "综合应用练习" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" -"In this exercise, you're going to add a whole new Chromium feature, bringing " -"together everything you already learned." +"In this exercise, you're going to add a whole new Chromium feature, bringing together " +"everything you already learned." msgstr "在本练习中，您将运用之前所学的全部知识，添加一项全新的 Chromium 功能。" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md -#, fuzzy msgid "The Brief from Product Management" msgstr "“产品管理”简介" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" -"A community of pixies has been discovered living in a remote rainforest. " -"It's important that we get Chromium for Pixies delivered to them as soon as " -"possible." +"A community of pixies has been discovered living in a remote rainforest. It's important " +"that we get Chromium for Pixies delivered to them as soon as possible." msgstr "" -"在偏僻的热带雨林中，发现住着一群小精灵。我们务必尽快创建一款精灵版 Chromium，" -"交付给他们。" +"在偏僻的热带雨林中，发现住着一群小精灵。我们务必尽快创建一款精灵版 Chromium，交付给他们。" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md -msgid "" -"The requirement is to translate all Chromium's UI strings into Pixie " -"language." +msgid "The requirement is to translate all Chromium's UI strings into Pixie language." msgstr "要求是将 Chromium 的所有界面字符串翻译为精灵语。" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" -"There's not time to wait for proper translations, but fortunately pixie " -"language is very close to English, and it turns out there's a Rust crate " -"which does the translation." +"There's not time to wait for proper translations, but fortunately pixie language is very " +"close to English, and it turns out there's a Rust crate which does the translation." msgstr "" -"由于时间紧迫，无法等待准确的翻译。但幸运的是，精灵语与英语非常接近，然后我们" -"发现有一个 Rust crate 可以执行此翻译任务。" +"由于时间紧迫，无法等待准确的翻译。但幸运的是，精灵语与英语非常接近，然后我们发现有一个 " +"Rust crate 可以执行此翻译任务。" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md -msgid "" -"In fact, you already [imported that crate in the previous exercise](https://" -"crates.io/crates/uwuify)." -msgstr "" -"事实上，您已经 [在上一个练习中导入了该 crate](https://crates.io/crates/" -"uwuify)。" +msgid "In fact, you already imported that crate in the previous exercise." +msgstr "事实上，在上一个练习中您已经导入了那个crate。" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" -"(Obviously, real translations of Chrome require incredible care and " -"diligence. Don't ship this!)" +"(Obviously, real translations of Chrome require incredible care and diligence. Don't " +"ship this!)" msgstr "" -"（显然，对 Chrome 进行准确恰当的翻译，需要做到极度细致和全力以赴。请勿交付此" -"产品！）" +"（显然，对 Chrome 进行准确恰当的翻译，需要做到极度细致和全力以赴。请勿交付此产品！）" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "Steps" @@ -16388,105 +14749,91 @@ msgstr "步骤" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" -"Modify `ResourceBundle::MaybeMangleLocalizedString` so that it uwuifies all " -"strings before display. In this special build of Chromium, it should always " -"do this irrespective of the setting of `mangle_localized_strings_`." +"Modify `ResourceBundle::MaybeMangleLocalizedString` so that it uwuifies all strings " +"before display. In this special build of Chromium, it should always do this irrespective " +"of the setting of `mangle_localized_strings_`." msgstr "" -"修改 `ResourceBundle::MaybeMangleLocalizedString`，在显示之前对所有字符串进" -"行 uwu 处理。在这个特殊的 Chromium 版本中，无论 `mangle_localized_strings_` " -"的设置如何，都应该始终执行此操作。" +"修改 `ResourceBundle::MaybeMangleLocalizedString`，在显示之前对所有字符串进行 uwu 处理。" +"在这个特殊的 Chromium 版本中，无论 `mangle_localized_strings_` 的设置如何，都应该始终执行" +"此操作。" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" -"If you've done everything right across all these exercises, congratulations, " -"you should have created Chrome for pixies!" -msgstr "" -"如果您正确完成了这些练习中的所有操作，那么恭喜您已经成功创建了一款精灵版 " -"Chrome！" +"If you've done everything right across all these exercises, congratulations, you should " +"have created Chrome for pixies!" +msgstr "如果您正确完成了这些练习中的所有操作，那么恭喜您已经成功创建了一款精灵版 Chrome！" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" -"UTF16 vs UTF8. Students should be aware that Rust strings are always UTF8, " -"and will probably decide that it's better to do the conversion on the C++ " -"side using `base::UTF16ToUTF8` and back again." +"UTF16 vs UTF8. Students should be aware that Rust strings are always UTF8, and will " +"probably decide that it's better to do the conversion on the C++ side using `base::" +"UTF16ToUTF8` and back again." msgstr "" -"UTF16 与 UTF8。学生应注意，Rust 字符串始终采用 UTF8 编码，它们可能会决定在 C+" -"+ 端使用 `base::UTF16ToUTF8` 进行转换，然后再进行反向转换。" +"UTF16 与 UTF8。学生应注意，Rust 字符串始终采用 UTF8 编码，它们可能会决定在 C++ 端使用 " +"`base::UTF16ToUTF8` 进行转换，然后再进行反向转换。" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" -"If students decide to do the conversion on the Rust side, they'll need to " -"consider [`String::from_utf16`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct." -"String.html#method.from_utf16), consider error handling, and consider which " -"[CXX supported types can transfer a lot of u16s](https://cxx.rs/binding/" -"slice.html)." +"If students decide to do the conversion on the Rust side, they'll need to consider " +"`String::from_utf16`, consider error handling, and consider which CXX supported types " +"can transfer a lot of u16s." msgstr "" -"如果学生决定在 Rust 端进行转换，则需要考虑使用 [`String::from_utf16`]" -"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html#method.from_utf16) " -"方法，同时注意错误处理，并确定哪些 [CXX 支持的类型可以传输大量 u16s](https://" -"cxx.rs/binding/slice.html)。" +"如果学生决定在Rust端进行转换，他们需要考虑`String::from_utf16`，考虑错误处理，并考虑CXX支" +"持的类型可以传输大量的u16。" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" -"Students may design the C++/Rust boundary in several different ways, e.g. " -"taking and returning strings by value, or taking a mutable reference to a " -"string. If a mutable reference is used, CXX will likely tell the student " -"that they need to use [`Pin`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/pin/). You may " -"need to explain what `Pin` does, and then explain why CXX needs it for " -"mutable references to C++ data: the answer is that C++ data can't be moved " -"around like Rust data, because it may contain self-referential pointers." +"Students may design the C++/Rust boundary in several different ways, e.g. taking and " +"returning strings by value, or taking a mutable reference to a string. If a mutable " +"reference is used, CXX will likely tell the student that they need to use `Pin`. You may " +"need to explain what `Pin` does, and then explain why CXX needs it for mutable " +"references to C++ data: the answer is that C++ data can't be moved around like Rust " +"data, because it may contain self-referential pointers." msgstr "" -"学生可以通过多种方式设计 C++/Rust 边界，例如按值传递和返回字符串，或对字符串" -"采取可变引用。如果使用可变引用，CXX 可能会提示学生需要使用 [`Pin`](https://" -"doc.rust-lang.org/std/pin/) 方法。您可能需要解释“Pin”的用途，以及为何 CXX 需" -"要它来对 C++ 数据进行可变引用：原因是 C++ 数据无法像 Rust 数据那样自由移动，" -"它可能包含自引用指针。" +"学生可能以几种不同的方式设计C++/Rust边界，例如通过值获取和返回字符串，或者通过获取字符串" +"的可变引用。如果使用了可变引用，CXX可能会告诉学生他们需要使用`Pin`。您可能需要解释`Pin`的" +"作用，然后解释为什么CXX对于对C++数据的可变引用需要它：答案是，C++数据不能像Rust数据那样被" +"移动，因为它可能包含自引用指针。" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" -"The C++ target containing `ResourceBundle::MaybeMangleLocalizedString` will " -"need to depend on a `rust_static_library` target. The student probably " -"already did this." +"The C++ target containing `ResourceBundle::MaybeMangleLocalizedString` will need to " +"depend on a `rust_static_library` target. The student probably already did this." msgstr "" -"对于包含 `ResourceBundle::MaybeMangleLocalizedString` 的 C++ 目标，需要依赖" -"于 `rust_static_library` 目标。学生可能已经执行了此操作。" +"对于包含 `ResourceBundle::MaybeMangleLocalizedString` 的 C++ 目标，需要依赖于 " +"`rust_static_library` 目标。学生可能已经执行了此操作。" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" -"The `rust_static_library` target will need to depend on `//third_party/rust/" -"uwuify/v0_2:lib`." -msgstr "" -"`rust_static_library` 目标需要依赖于 `//third_party/rust/uwuify/v0_2:lib`。" +"The `rust_static_library` target will need to depend on `//third_party/rust/uwuify/v0_2:" +"lib`." +msgstr "`rust_static_library` 目标需要依赖于 `//third_party/rust/uwuify/v0_2:lib`。" #: src/exercises/chromium/solutions.md -msgid "" -"Solutions to the Chromium exercises can be found in [this series of CLs]" -"(https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/chromium/src/+/5096560)." -msgstr "" +msgid "Solutions to the Chromium exercises can be found in this series of CLs." +msgstr "Chromium练习的解决方案可以在一系列CL（变更列表）中找到。" #: src/bare-metal.md -#, fuzzy msgid "Welcome to Bare Metal Rust" msgstr "欢迎来学习裸机 Rust" #: src/bare-metal.md msgid "" -"This is a standalone one-day course about bare-metal Rust, aimed at people " -"who are familiar with the basics of Rust (perhaps from completing the " -"Comprehensive Rust course), and ideally also have some experience with bare-" -"metal programming in some other language such as C." +"This is a standalone one-day course about bare-metal Rust, aimed at people who are " +"familiar with the basics of Rust (perhaps from completing the Comprehensive Rust " +"course), and ideally also have some experience with bare-metal programming in some other " +"language such as C." msgstr "" -"这是单独为裸机 Rust 开设的课程，为期一天，主要面向熟悉 Rust 基础知识的人员" -"（例如已学完 Comprehensive Rust），最好也有一些使用其他语言（例如 C）进行裸机" -"编程的经验。" +"这是单独为裸机 Rust 开设的课程，为期一天，主要面向熟悉 Rust 基础知识的人员（例如已学完 " +"Comprehensive Rust），最好也有一些使用其他语言（例如 C）进行裸机编程的经验。" #: src/bare-metal.md msgid "" -"Today we will talk about 'bare-metal' Rust: running Rust code without an OS " -"underneath us. This will be divided into several parts:" +"Today we will talk about 'bare-metal' Rust: running Rust code without an OS underneath " +"us. This will be divided into several parts:" msgstr "" -"今天，我们将探讨 `bare-metal` Rust：即在没有操作系统支持的情况下运行 Rust 代" -"码。该部分主要分为以下内容：" +"今天，我们将探讨 `bare-metal` Rust：即在没有操作系统支持的情况下运行 Rust 代码。该部分主" +"要分为以下内容：" #: src/bare-metal.md msgid "What is `no_std` Rust?" @@ -16506,28 +14853,23 @@ msgstr "有助于裸机 Rust 开发的一些实用 crate。" #: src/bare-metal.md msgid "" -"For the microcontroller part of the course we will use the [BBC micro:bit]" -"(https://microbit.org/) v2 as an example. It's a [development board](https://" -"tech.microbit.org/hardware/) based on the Nordic nRF51822 microcontroller " -"with some LEDs and buttons, an I2C-connected accelerometer and compass, and " -"an on-board SWD debugger." +"For the microcontroller part of the course we will use the BBC micro:bit v2 as an " +"example. It's a development board based on the Nordic nRF52833 microcontroller with some " +"LEDs and buttons, an I2C-connected accelerometer and compass, and an on-board SWD " +"debugger." msgstr "" -"在本课程的微控制器部分，我们将使用 [BBC micro:bit](https://microbit.org/) v2 " -"作为示例。这是一款基于 Nordic nRF51822 微控制器的 [开发板](https://tech." -"microbit.org/hardware/)，配有一些 LED 和按钮、连接 I2C 的加速度计和罗盘，以及" -"板载 SWD 调试程序。" +"在课程的微控制器部分，我们将以BBC micro:bit v2作为示例。它是基于Nordic nRF52833微控制器的" +"开发板，带有一些LED和按钮，一个I2C连接的加速度计和罗盘，以及一个内置的SWD调试器。" #: src/bare-metal.md -msgid "" -"To get started, install some tools we'll need later. On gLinux or Debian:" +msgid "To get started, install some tools we'll need later. On gLinux or Debian:" msgstr "首先，请安装我们稍后需要用到的一些工具。在 gLinux 或 Debian 上：" #: src/bare-metal.md -msgid "" -"And give users in the `plugdev` group access to the micro:bit programmer:" +msgid "And give users in the `plugdev` group access to the micro:bit programmer:" msgstr "然后，向 `plugdev` 组中的用户授予 micro:bit 编程器的访问权限：" -#: src/bare-metal.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md +#: src/bare-metal.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md:33 msgid "On MacOS:" msgstr "在 MacOS 上：" @@ -16588,7 +14930,6 @@ msgid "`String`, `CString`, `format!`" msgstr "`String`、`CString`、`format!`" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md -#, fuzzy msgid "`Error`" msgstr "`Error`" @@ -16605,7 +14946,6 @@ msgid "`println!`, `Read`, `Write`, `Stdin`, `Stdout` and the rest of `io`" msgstr "`println!`、`Read`、`Write`、`Stdin`、`Stdout` 以及 `io` 的其余部分" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md -#, fuzzy msgid "`Path`, `OsString`" msgstr "`Path`、`OsString`" @@ -16633,774 +14973,673 @@ msgstr "`HashMap` 依赖于 RNG。" msgid "`std` re-exports the contents of both `core` and `alloc`." msgstr "`std` 会重新导出 `core` 和 `alloc` 的内容。" -#: src/bare-metal/minimal.md +#: src/bare-metal/minimal.md:1 msgid "A minimal `no_std` program" msgstr "极小的 `no_std` 程序" -#: src/bare-metal/minimal.md +#: src/bare-metal/minimal.md:19 msgid "This will compile to an empty binary." msgstr "这将编译为空二进制文件。" -#: src/bare-metal/minimal.md +#: src/bare-metal/minimal.md:20 msgid "`std` provides a panic handler; without it we must provide our own." msgstr "`std` 提供了一个 panic 处理程序；如果没有它，我们就必须自行提供。" -#: src/bare-metal/minimal.md +#: src/bare-metal/minimal.md:21 msgid "It can also be provided by another crate, such as `panic-halt`." msgstr "其他 crate（例如 `panic-halt`）也可以提供该处理程序。" -#: src/bare-metal/minimal.md +#: src/bare-metal/minimal.md:22 msgid "" -"Depending on the target, you may need to compile with `panic = \"abort\"` to " -"avoid an error about `eh_personality`." +"Depending on the target, you may need to compile with `panic = \"abort\"` to avoid an " +"error about `eh_personality`." msgstr "" -"根据目标不同，可能需要使用 `panic = \"abort\"` 进行编译，以避免出现与 " -"`eh_personality` 相关的错误。" +"根据目标不同，可能需要使用 `panic = \"abort\"` 进行编译，以避免出现与 `eh_personality` 相" +"关的错误。" -#: src/bare-metal/minimal.md +#: src/bare-metal/minimal.md:24 msgid "" -"Note that there is no `main` or any other entry point; it's up to you to " -"define your own entry point. This will typically involve a linker script and " -"some assembly code to set things up ready for Rust code to run." +"Note that there is no `main` or any other entry point; it's up to you to define your own " +"entry point. This will typically involve a linker script and some assembly code to set " +"things up ready for Rust code to run." msgstr "" -"请注意，未提供 `main` 函数或任何其他入口点；您可以自行定义入口点。通常需要使" -"用链接器脚本和一些汇编代码进行设置工作，以便 Rust 代码能够顺利运行。" +"请注意，未提供 `main` 函数或任何其他入口点；您可以自行定义入口点。通常需要使用链接器脚本" +"和一些汇编代码进行设置工作，以便 Rust 代码能够顺利运行。" -#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md -msgid "" -"To use `alloc` you must implement a [global (heap) allocator](https://doc." -"rust-lang.org/stable/std/alloc/trait.GlobalAlloc.html)." -msgstr "" -"如需使用 `alloc`，您必须实现 [全局（堆）分配器](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" -"stable/std/alloc/trait.GlobalAlloc.html)。" +#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md:3 +msgid "To use `alloc` you must implement a global (heap) allocator." +msgstr "要使用`alloc`，您必须实现一个全局（堆）分配器。" -#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md -msgid "" -"// Safe because `HEAP` is only used here and `entry` is only called once.\n" -msgstr "" -"// Safe because `HEAP` is only used here and `entry` is only called once.\n" +#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md:23 +msgid "// SAFETY: `HEAP` is only used here and `entry` is only called once." +msgstr "// 安全性：`HEAP`仅在这里使用，`entry`仅调用一次。" -#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md -msgid "// Give the allocator some memory to allocate.\n" -msgstr "// Give the allocator some memory to allocate.\n" +#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md:25 +msgid "// Give the allocator some memory to allocate." +msgstr "// 给分配器一些内存来分配。" -#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md -msgid "// Now we can do things that require heap allocation.\n" -msgstr "// Now we can do things that require heap allocation.\n" +#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md:29 +msgid "// Now we can do things that require heap allocation." +msgstr "// 现在我们可以执行需要堆分配的操作。" -#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md:31 msgid "\"A string\"" -msgstr "String" +msgstr "“A string”" -#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md +#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md:37 msgid "" -"`buddy_system_allocator` is a third-party crate implementing a basic buddy " -"system allocator. Other crates are available, or you can write your own or " -"hook into your existing allocator." +"`buddy_system_allocator` is a third-party crate implementing a basic buddy system " +"allocator. Other crates are available, or you can write your own or hook into your " +"existing allocator." msgstr "" -"`buddy_system_allocator` 是第三方 crate，用于实现基本伙伴系统分配器。还可以使" -"用其他 crate，或者自行编写 crate，或者接入现有分配器。" +"`buddy_system_allocator` 是第三方 crate，用于实现基本伙伴系统分配器。还可以使用其他 " +"crate，或者自行编写 crate，或者接入现有分配器。" -#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md +#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md:40 msgid "" -"The const parameter of `LockedHeap` is the max order of the allocator; i.e. " -"in this case it can allocate regions of up to 2\\*\\*32 bytes." +"The const parameter of `LockedHeap` is the max order of the allocator; i.e. in this case " +"it can allocate regions of up to 2\\*\\*32 bytes." msgstr "" -"`LockedHeap` 的常量参数是分配器的最大阶数；即在本例中，它可以最多分配 " -"2\\*\\*32 字节大小的区域。" +"`LockedHeap` 的常量参数是分配器的最大阶数；即在本例中，它可以最多分配 2\\*\\*32 字节大小" +"的区域。" -#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md +#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md:42 msgid "" -"If any crate in your dependency tree depends on `alloc` then you must have " -"exactly one global allocator defined in your binary. Usually this is done in " -"the top-level binary crate." +"If any crate in your dependency tree depends on `alloc` then you must have exactly one " +"global allocator defined in your binary. Usually this is done in the top-level binary " +"crate." msgstr "" -"如果依赖项树中的所有 crate 都依赖于 `alloc`，则您必须在二进制文件中明确定义一" -"个全局分配器。通常，在顶级二进制 crate 中完成此操作。" +"如果依赖项树中的所有 crate 都依赖于 `alloc`，则您必须在二进制文件中明确定义一个全局分配" +"器。通常，在顶级二进制 crate 中完成此操作。" -#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md +#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md:45 msgid "" -"`extern crate panic_halt as _` is necessary to ensure that the `panic_halt` " -"crate is linked in so we get its panic handler." +"`extern crate panic_halt as _` is necessary to ensure that the `panic_halt` crate is " +"linked in so we get its panic handler." msgstr "" -"为了确保能够成功关联 `panic_halt` crate，以便我们获取其 panic 处理程序，必须" -"使用 `extern crate panic_halt as _` 方法。" +"为了确保能够成功关联 `panic_halt` crate，以便我们获取其 panic 处理程序，必须使用 `extern " +"crate panic_halt as _` 方法。" -#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md +#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md:47 msgid "This example will build but not run, as it doesn't have an entry point." msgstr "我们可以构建该示例，但由于没有入口点，无法运行。" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers.md msgid "" -"The `cortex_m_rt` crate provides (among other things) a reset handler for " -"Cortex M microcontrollers." -msgstr "" -"`cortex_m_rt` crate 提供针对 Cortex M 微控制器的重置处理程序（以及其他内" -"容）。" +"The `cortex_m_rt` crate provides (among other things) a reset handler for Cortex M " +"microcontrollers." +msgstr "`cortex_m_rt` crate 提供针对 Cortex M 微控制器的重置处理程序（以及其他内容）。" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers.md msgid "" -"Next we'll look at how to access peripherals, with increasing levels of " -"abstraction." +"Next we'll look at how to access peripherals, with increasing levels of abstraction." msgstr "接下来，我们看看随着抽象层级的不断提升，该如何访问外围设备。" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers.md msgid "" -"The `cortex_m_rt::entry` macro requires that the function have type `fn() -" -"> !`, because returning to the reset handler doesn't make sense." +"The `cortex_m_rt::entry` macro requires that the function have type `fn() -> !`, because " +"returning to the reset handler doesn't make sense." msgstr "" -"`cortex_m_rt::entry` 宏要求函数的类型为 `fn() -> !`，因为返回重置处理程序会毫" -"无意义。" +"`cortex_m_rt::entry` 宏要求函数的类型为 `fn() -> !`，因为返回重置处理程序会毫无意义。" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers.md msgid "Run the example with `cargo embed --bin minimal`" msgstr "使用 `cargo embed --bin minimum` 运行该示例" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md:3 msgid "" -"Most microcontrollers access peripherals via memory-mapped IO. Let's try " -"turning on an LED on our micro:bit:" +"Most microcontrollers access peripherals via memory-mapped IO. Let's try turning on an " +"LED on our micro:bit:" msgstr "" -"大多数微控制器通过内存映射 IO 访问外围设备。现在试着开启 micro:bit 上的 LED " -"指示灯：" +"大多数微控制器通过内存映射 IO 访问外围设备。现在试着开启 micro:bit 上的 LED 指示灯：" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md -msgid "/// GPIO port 0 peripheral address\n" -msgstr "/// GPIO port 0 peripheral address\n" +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md:16 +msgid "/// GPIO port 0 peripheral address" +msgstr "/// GPIO端口0外设地址" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md -msgid "// GPIO peripheral offsets\n" -msgstr "// GPIO peripheral offsets\n" +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md:19 +msgid "// GPIO peripheral offsets" +msgstr "// GPIO外设偏移" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md -msgid "// PIN_CNF fields\n" -msgstr "// PIN_CNF fields\n" +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md:24 +msgid "// PIN_CNF fields" +msgstr "// PIN_CNF fields" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md -msgid "// Configure GPIO 0 pins 21 and 28 as push-pull outputs.\n" -msgstr "// Configure GPIO 0 pins 21 and 28 as push-pull outputs.\n" +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md:34 src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md:21 +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md:26 +msgid "// Configure GPIO 0 pins 21 and 28 as push-pull outputs." +msgstr "// 将GPIO 0引脚21和28配置为push-pull输出。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md:37 src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md:59 msgid "" -"// Safe because the pointers are to valid peripheral control registers, and\n" -" // no aliases exist.\n" -msgstr "" -"// Safe because the pointers are to valid peripheral control registers, and\n" -" // no aliases exist.\n" +"// SAFETY: The pointers are to valid peripheral control registers, and no // aliases " +"exist." +msgstr "// 安全性：指针指向有效的外设控制寄存器，并且不存在别名。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md -msgid "// Set pin 28 low and pin 21 high to turn the LED on.\n" -msgstr "// Set pin 28 low and pin 21 high to turn the LED on.\n" +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md:56 src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md:39 +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md:30 +msgid "// Set pin 28 low and pin 21 high to turn the LED on." +msgstr "// 将引脚28置低，将引脚21置高以打开LED。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md:72 msgid "" -"GPIO 0 pin 21 is connected to the first column of the LED matrix, and pin 28 " -"to the first row." +"GPIO 0 pin 21 is connected to the first column of the LED matrix, and pin 28 to the " +"first row." msgstr "将 GPIO 0 的引脚 21 连接到 LED 矩阵的第一列，将引脚 28 连接到第一行。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md:75 src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md:61 +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md:44 +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md:37 msgid "Run the example with:" msgstr "使用以下命令运行该示例：" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md:1 msgid "Peripheral Access Crates" msgstr "外围设备访问 crate" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md:3 msgid "" -"[`svd2rust`](https://crates.io/crates/svd2rust) generates mostly-safe Rust " -"wrappers for memory-mapped peripherals from [CMSIS-SVD](https://www.keil.com/" -"pack/doc/CMSIS/SVD/html/index.html) files." -msgstr "" -"[`svd2rust`](https://crates.io/crates/svd2rust) 使用 [CMSIS-SVD](https://www." -"keil.com/pack/doc/CMSIS/SVD/html/index.html) 文件为内存映射外围设备生成了大部" -"分安全的 Rust 封装容器。" +"`svd2rust` generates mostly-safe Rust wrappers for memory-mapped peripherals from CMSIS-" +"SVD files." +msgstr "`svd2rust`从CMSIS-SVD文件中生成大部分安全的Rust包装器，用于内存映射外设。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md:49 msgid "" -"SVD (System View Description) files are XML files typically provided by " -"silicon vendors which describe the memory map of the device." -msgstr "" -"SVD（系统视图描述）文件通常是由芯片供应商提供的 XML 文件，用于描述设备的内存" -"映射。" +"SVD (System View Description) files are XML files typically provided by silicon vendors " +"which describe the memory map of the device." +msgstr "SVD（系统视图描述）文件通常是由芯片供应商提供的 XML 文件，用于描述设备的内存映射。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md:51 msgid "" -"They are organised by peripheral, register, field and value, with names, " -"descriptions, addresses and so on." +"They are organised by peripheral, register, field and value, with names, descriptions, " +"addresses and so on." msgstr "" -"这些文件按照外围设备、寄存器、字段和值进行组织分类，其中包含名称、内容描述、" -"地址等信息。" +"这些文件按照外围设备、寄存器、字段和值进行组织分类，其中包含名称、内容描述、地址等信息。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md:53 msgid "" -"SVD files are often buggy and incomplete, so there are various projects " -"which patch the mistakes, add missing details, and publish the generated " -"crates." +"SVD files are often buggy and incomplete, so there are various projects which patch the " +"mistakes, add missing details, and publish the generated crates." msgstr "" -"由于 SVD 文件常常存在错误和不完整的情况，因此有许多项目会修复这些错误，补充缺" -"失的相关信息，并发布生成的 crate。" +"由于 SVD 文件常常存在错误和不完整的情况，因此有许多项目会修复这些错误，补充缺失的相关信" +"息，并发布生成的 crate。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md:56 msgid "`cortex-m-rt` provides the vector table, among other things." msgstr "`cortex-m-rt` 提供矢量表以及其他功能。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md:57 msgid "" -"If you `cargo install cargo-binutils` then you can run `cargo objdump --bin " -"pac -- -d --no-show-raw-insn` to see the resulting binary." +"If you `cargo install cargo-binutils` then you can run `cargo objdump --bin pac -- -d --" +"no-show-raw-insn` to see the resulting binary." msgstr "" -"如果您使用 `cargo install cargo-binutils`，则可以运行 `cargo objdump --bin " -"pac -- -d --no-show-raw-insn`，查看生成的二进制文件。" +"如果您使用 `cargo install cargo-binutils`，则可以运行 `cargo objdump --bin pac -- -d --" +"no-show-raw-insn`，查看生成的二进制文件。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md:1 msgid "HAL crates" msgstr "HAL crate" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md:3 msgid "" -"[HAL crates](https://github.com/rust-embedded/awesome-embedded-rust#hal-" -"implementation-crates) for many microcontrollers provide wrappers around " -"various peripherals. These generally implement traits from [`embedded-hal`]" -"(https://crates.io/crates/embedded-hal)." +"HAL crates for many microcontrollers provide wrappers around various peripherals. These " +"generally implement traits from `embedded-hal`." msgstr "" -"许多微控制器的 [HAL crate](https://github.com/rust-embedded/awesome-embedded-" -"rust#hal-implementation-crates) 为各种外围设备提供了封装容器。通常，这些封装" -"容器可以实现 [`embedded-hal`](https://crates.io/crates/embedded-hal) 中的各" -"种 trait。" +"许多微控制器的HAL crates提供了对各种外设的包装器。这些通常实现了`embedded-hal`中的" +"traits。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md -msgid "// Create HAL wrapper for GPIO port 0.\n" -msgstr "// Create HAL wrapper for GPIO port 0.\n" +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md:23 +msgid "// Create HAL wrapper for GPIO port 0." +msgstr "// 创建GPIO端口0的HAL包装器。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md -msgid "" -"`set_low` and `set_high` are methods on the `embedded_hal` `OutputPin` trait." +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md:40 +msgid "`set_low` and `set_high` are methods on the `embedded_hal` `OutputPin` trait." msgstr "`set_low` 和 `set_high` 是 `embedded_hal` `OutputPin` trait 上的方法。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md:41 msgid "" -"HAL crates exist for many Cortex-M and RISC-V devices, including various " -"STM32, GD32, nRF, NXP, MSP430, AVR and PIC microcontrollers." +"HAL crates exist for many Cortex-M and RISC-V devices, including various STM32, GD32, " +"nRF, NXP, MSP430, AVR and PIC microcontrollers." msgstr "" -"HAL crate 被广泛用于许多 Cortex-M 和 RISC-V 设备，包括各种 STM32、GD32、nRF、" -"NXP、MSP430、AVR 和 PIC 微控制器。" +"HAL crate 被广泛用于许多 Cortex-M 和 RISC-V 设备，包括各种 STM32、GD32、nRF、NXP、" +"MSP430、AVR 和 PIC 微控制器。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md:1 msgid "Board support crates" msgstr "板级支持 crate" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md:3 msgid "" -"Board support crates provide a further level of wrapping for a specific " -"board for convenience." +"Board support crates provide a further level of wrapping for a specific board for " +"convenience." msgstr "为了方便使用，板级支持 crate 为特定开发板提供了更高级别的封装功能。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md:31 msgid "" -"In this case the board support crate is just providing more useful names, " -"and a bit of initialisation." +"In this case the board support crate is just providing more useful names, and a bit of " +"initialisation." msgstr "在本例中，该板级支持 crate 仅提供了一些实用的名称和初始化功能。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md:33 msgid "" "The crate may also include drivers for some on-board devices outside of the " "microcontroller itself." msgstr "除微控制器以外，该 crate 还包含一些可用于板载设备的驱动程序。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md:35 msgid "`microbit-v2` includes a simple driver for the LED matrix." msgstr "`microbit-v2` 包含一个可用于 LED 矩阵的简单驱动程序。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md:1 msgid "The type state pattern" msgstr "类型状态模式" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md -msgid "// let gpio0_01_again = gpio0.p0_01; // Error, moved.\n" -msgstr "// let gpio0_01_again = gpio0.p0_01; // Error, moved.\n" - -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md -msgid "// ...\n" -msgstr "// ...\n" +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md:11 +msgid "// let gpio0_01_again = gpio0.p0_01; // Error, moved." +msgstr "// let gpio0_01_again = gpio0.p0_01; // 错误，已移动。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md -msgid "// pin_input.is_high(); // Error, moved.\n" -msgstr "// pin_input.is_high(); // Error, moved.\n" +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md:19 +msgid "// pin_input.is_high(); // Error, moved." +msgstr "// pin_input.is_high(); // 错误，已移动。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md:33 msgid "" -"Pins don't implement `Copy` or `Clone`, so only one instance of each can " -"exist. Once a pin is moved out of the port struct nobody else can take it." +"Pins don't implement `Copy` or `Clone`, so only one instance of each can exist. Once a " +"pin is moved out of the port struct nobody else can take it." msgstr "" -"引脚无法实现 `Copy` 或 `Clone`，因此，每个引脚只能存在一个实例。一旦某个引脚" -"从端口结构体移出，任何人都无法再使用它。" +"引脚无法实现 `Copy` 或 `Clone`，因此，每个引脚只能存在一个实例。一旦某个引脚从端口结构体" +"移出，任何人都无法再使用它。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md:35 msgid "" -"Changing the configuration of a pin consumes the old pin instance, so you " -"can’t keep use the old instance afterwards." +"Changing the configuration of a pin consumes the old pin instance, so you can’t keep use " +"the old instance afterwards." msgstr "更改引脚的配置会使旧的引脚实例失效，因此您无法再继续使用旧实例。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md:37 msgid "" -"The type of a value indicates the state that it is in: e.g. in this case, " -"the configuration state of a GPIO pin. This encodes the state machine into " -"the type system, and ensures that you don't try to use a pin in a certain " -"way without properly configuring it first. Illegal state transitions are " -"caught at compile time." +"The type of a value indicates the state that it is in: e.g. in this case, the " +"configuration state of a GPIO pin. This encodes the state machine into the type system, " +"and ensures that you don't try to use a pin in a certain way without properly " +"configuring it first. Illegal state transitions are caught at compile time." msgstr "" -"值的类型表示其所处状态：例如，在本例中，表示 GPIO 引脚的配置状态。通过这种方" -"式，可将状态机编码成类型系统，并确保在未正确完成引脚配置之前，不会尝试以某种" -"方式使用引脚。编译时捕获了非法状态转换。" +"值的类型表示其所处状态：例如，在本例中，表示 GPIO 引脚的配置状态。通过这种方式，可将状态" +"机编码成类型系统，并确保在未正确完成引脚配置之前，不会尝试以某种方式使用引脚。编译时捕获" +"了非法状态转换。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md:42 msgid "" -"You can call `is_high` on an input pin and `set_high` on an output pin, but " -"not vice-versa." -msgstr "" -"您可以在输入引脚上调用 `is_high`，在输出引脚上调用 `set_high`，反之则不行。" +"You can call `is_high` on an input pin and `set_high` on an output pin, but not vice-" +"versa." +msgstr "您可以在输入引脚上调用 `is_high`，在输出引脚上调用 `set_high`，反之则不行。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md:44 msgid "Many HAL crates follow this pattern." msgstr "许多 HAL crate 都遵循此模式。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md:3 msgid "" -"The [`embedded-hal`](https://crates.io/crates/embedded-hal) crate provides a " -"number of traits covering common microcontroller peripherals." -msgstr "" -"[`embedded-hal`](https://crates.io/crates/embedded-hal) crate 提供许多适用于" -"常见微控制器外围设备的 trait。" +"The `embedded-hal` crate provides a number of traits covering common microcontroller " +"peripherals:" +msgstr "`embedded-hal` crate提供了许多涵盖常见微控制器外设的traits：" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md:6 msgid "GPIO" msgstr "GPIO" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md -msgid "ADC" -msgstr "ADC" +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md:7 +msgid "PWM" +msgstr "PWM" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md -msgid "I2C, SPI, UART, CAN" -msgstr "I2C、SPI、UART、CAN" +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md:8 +msgid "Delay timers" +msgstr "延迟定时器" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md -msgid "RNG" -msgstr "RNG" +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md:9 +msgid "I2C and SPI buses and devices" +msgstr "I2C和SPI总线以及设备" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md -msgid "Timers" -msgstr "定时器" - -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md -msgid "Watchdogs" -msgstr "监控定时器" +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md:11 +msgid "" +"Similar traits for byte streams (e.g. UARTs), CAN buses and RNGs and broken out into " +"`embedded-io`, `embedded-can` and `rand_core` respectively." +msgstr "" +"类似的字节流特性（如UART），CAN总线和RNG分别拆分到`embedded-io`，`embedded-can`和" +"`rand_core`中。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md:14 msgid "" -"Other crates then implement [drivers](https://github.com/rust-embedded/" -"awesome-embedded-rust#driver-crates) in terms of these traits, e.g. an " -"accelerometer driver might need an I2C or SPI bus implementation." +"Other crates then implement drivers in terms of these traits, e.g. an accelerometer " +"driver might need an I2C or SPI device instance." msgstr "" -"然后，其他 crate 可以根据这些 trait 实现 [驱动程序](https://github.com/rust-" -"embedded/awesome-embedded-rust#driver-crates)，例如加速度计驱动程序可能需要通" -"过 I2C 或 SPI 总线实现。" +"其他crate可以根据这些特性实现驱动程序，例如，一个加速度计驱动程序可能需要一个I2C或SPI设备" +"实例。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md:19 msgid "" -"There are implementations for many microcontrollers, as well as other " -"platforms such as Linux on Raspberry Pi." +"The traits cover using the peripherals but not initialising or configuring them, as " +"initialisation and configuration is usually highly platform-specific." msgstr "" -"还有适用于许多微控制器以及其他平台（例如 Raspberry Pi 上的 Linux）的实现。" +"这些特性涵盖了对外设的使用，但不涉及初始化或配置它们，因为初始化和配置通常是高度特定于平" +"台的。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md:21 msgid "" -"There is work in progress on an `async` version of `embedded-hal`, but it " -"isn't stable yet." -msgstr "我们正在开发 `async` 版本的 `embedded-hal`，但目前还欠缺稳定性。" +"There are implementations for many microcontrollers, as well as other platforms such as " +"Linux on Raspberry Pi." +msgstr "还有适用于许多微控制器以及其他平台（例如 Raspberry Pi 上的 Linux）的实现。" + +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md:23 +msgid "`embedded-hal-async` provides async versions of the traits." +msgstr "`embedded-hal-async` 提供了这些特性的异步版本。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md:24 msgid "" -"[probe-rs](https://probe.rs/) is a handy toolset for embedded debugging, " -"like OpenOCD but better integrated." -msgstr "" -"[probe-rs](https://probe.rs/) 是一个方便的嵌入式调试工具集，跟 OpenOCD 较为相" -"似，但集成度更高。" +"`embedded-hal-nb` provides another approach to non-blocking I/O, based on the `nb` crate." +msgstr "“embedded-hal-nb” 提供了另一种基于 “nb” crate 的非阻塞 I/O 处理方式。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md:3 msgid "" -"SWD (Serial Wire Debug) and JTAG via CMSIS-DAP, ST-Link and J-Link probes" +"probe-rs is a handy toolset for embedded debugging, like OpenOCD but better integrated." +msgstr "probe-rs 是一个方便的嵌入式调试工具集，类似于 OpenOCD 但集成性更好。" + +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md:6 +msgid "SWD (Serial Wire Debug) and JTAG via CMSIS-DAP, ST-Link and J-Link probes" msgstr "通过 CMSIS-DAP、ST-Link 和 J-Link 探针实现 SWD（串行调试）和 JTAG" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md:7 msgid "GDB stub and Microsoft DAP (Debug Adapter Protocol) server" msgstr "GDB 桩和 Microsoft DAP（调试适配器协议）服务器" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md:8 msgid "Cargo integration" msgstr "Cargo 集成" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md:10 msgid "" -"`cargo-embed` is a cargo subcommand to build and flash binaries, log RTT " -"(Real Time Transfers) output and connect GDB. It's configured by an `Embed." -"toml` file in your project directory." +"`cargo-embed` is a cargo subcommand to build and flash binaries, log RTT (Real Time " +"Transfers) output and connect GDB. It's configured by an `Embed.toml` file in your " +"project directory." msgstr "" -"`cargo-embed` 是一个 cargo 子命令，用于构建和刷写二进制文件、记录 RTT（实时传" -"输）输出以及连接 GDB。您可通过项目目录中的 `Embed.toml` 文件对其进行配置。" +"`cargo-embed` 是一个 cargo 子命令，用于构建和刷写二进制文件、记录 RTT（实时传输）输出以及" +"连接 GDB。您可通过项目目录中的 `Embed.toml` 文件对其进行配置。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md:16 msgid "" -"[CMSIS-DAP](https://arm-software.github.io/CMSIS_5/DAP/html/index.html) is " -"an Arm standard protocol over USB for an in-circuit debugger to access the " -"CoreSight Debug Access Port of various Arm Cortex processors. It's what the " -"on-board debugger on the BBC micro:bit uses." +"CMSIS-DAP is an Arm standard protocol over USB for an in-circuit debugger to access the " +"CoreSight Debug Access Port of various Arm Cortex processors. It's what the on-board " +"debugger on the BBC micro:bit uses." msgstr "" -"[CMSIS-DAP](https://arm-software.github.io/CMSIS_5/DAP/html/index.html) 是一" -"项基于 USB 的 Arm 标准协议，使得电路内调试程序能够接入各种 Arm Cortex 处理器" -"的 CoreSight 调试访问端口。BBC micro:bit 的板载调试程序所使用的便是此协议。" +"CMSIS-DAP 是一种基于 USB 的 Arm 标准协议，用于在电路调试器上访问各种 Arm Cortex 处理器的 " +"CoreSight 调试访问端口。这是 BBC micro:bit 上的内置调试器使用的协议。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md:20 msgid "" -"ST-Link is a range of in-circuit debuggers from ST Microelectronics, J-Link " -"is a range from SEGGER." +"ST-Link is a range of in-circuit debuggers from ST Microelectronics, J-Link is a range " +"from SEGGER." msgstr "ST-Link 属于 ST Microelectronics 产品系列，J-Link 是 SEGGER 系列。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md:22 msgid "" -"The Debug Access Port is usually either a 5-pin JTAG interface or 2-pin " -"Serial Wire Debug." +"The Debug Access Port is usually either a 5-pin JTAG interface or 2-pin Serial Wire " +"Debug." msgstr "调试访问端口通常为 5 针 JTAG 接口或 2 针串行线调试接口。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md -msgid "" -"probe-rs is a library which you can integrate into your own tools if you " -"want to." +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md:24 +msgid "probe-rs is a library which you can integrate into your own tools if you want to." msgstr "probe-rs 是一个库，如有需要，可以将其集成到您的工具中。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md:26 msgid "" -"The [Microsoft Debug Adapter Protocol](https://microsoft.github.io/debug-" -"adapter-protocol/) lets VSCode and other IDEs debug code running on any " -"supported microcontroller." +"The Microsoft Debug Adapter Protocol lets VSCode and other IDEs debug code running on " +"any supported microcontroller." msgstr "" -"借助 [Microsoft 调试适配器协议](https://microsoft.github.io/debug-adapter-" -"protocol/)，VSCode 和其他 IDE 可以调试任何受支持的微控制器上运行的代码。" +"Microsoft 调试适配器协议 (Microsoft Debug Adapter Protocol) 允许 VSCode 和其他集成开发环" +"境 (IDE) 调试任何受支持的微控制器上运行的代码。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md:30 msgid "cargo-embed is a binary built using the probe-rs library." msgstr "cargo-embed 是使用 probe-rs 库构建的二进制文件。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md:31 msgid "" -"RTT (Real Time Transfers) is a mechanism to transfer data between the debug " -"host and the target through a number of ringbuffers." -msgstr "" -"RTT（实时传输）是一种通过多个环形缓冲区，在调试主机和目标之间进行数据传输的机" -"制。" +"RTT (Real Time Transfers) is a mechanism to transfer data between the debug host and the " +"target through a number of ringbuffers." +msgstr "RTT（实时传输）是一种通过多个环形缓冲区，在调试主机和目标之间进行数据传输的机制。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md:3 msgid "_Embed.toml_:" msgstr "_Embed.toml_:" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md:15 msgid "In one terminal under `src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/examples/`:" msgstr "在 `src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/examples/` 目录下某个终端中：" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md:23 msgid "In another terminal in the same directory:" msgstr "在同一目录下的另一个终端中：" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md:25 msgid "On gLinux or Debian:" msgstr "在 gLinux 或 Debian 上：" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md:43 msgid "In GDB, try running:" msgstr "在 GDB 中，请尝试运行以下命令：" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md -#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md:1 +#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md:1 msgid "Other projects" msgstr "其他项目" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md -msgid "[RTIC](https://rtic.rs/)" -msgstr "[RTIC](https://rtic.rs/)" +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md:3 +msgid "RTIC" +msgstr "RTIC" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md:4 msgid "\"Real-Time Interrupt-driven Concurrency\"" msgstr "\"Real-Time Interrupt-driven Concurrency\"" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md -msgid "" -"Shared resource management, message passing, task scheduling, timer queue" +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md:5 +msgid "Shared resource management, message passing, task scheduling, timer queue" msgstr "共享资源管理、消息传递、任务调度、定时器队列" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md -msgid "[Embassy](https://embassy.dev/)" -msgstr "[Embassy](https://embassy.dev/)" +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md:6 +msgid "Embassy" +msgstr "Embassy" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md:7 msgid "`async` executors with priorities, timers, networking, USB" msgstr "具有优先级、计时器、网络和 USB 功能的 `async` 执行器" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md -msgid "[TockOS](https://www.tockos.org/documentation/getting-started)" -msgstr "[TockOS](https://www.tockos.org/documentation/getting-started)" +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md:8 +msgid "TockOS" +msgstr "TockOS" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md -msgid "" -"Security-focused RTOS with preemptive scheduling and Memory Protection Unit " -"support" +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md:9 +msgid "Security-focused RTOS with preemptive scheduling and Memory Protection Unit support" msgstr "以安全为中心的 RTOS，具有抢占式调度功能和提供内存保护单元支持" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md -msgid "[Hubris](https://hubris.oxide.computer/)" -msgstr "[Hubris](https://hubris.oxide.computer/)" +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md:11 +msgid "Hubris" +msgstr "Hubris" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md:12 msgid "" -"Microkernel RTOS from Oxide Computer Company with memory protection, " -"unprivileged drivers, IPC" -msgstr "" -"Oxide Computer Company 开发的微内核 RTOS，提供内存保护、非特权驱动程序和 IPC " -"功能" +"Microkernel RTOS from Oxide Computer Company with memory protection, unprivileged " +"drivers, IPC" +msgstr "Oxide Computer Company 开发的微内核 RTOS，提供内存保护、非特权驱动程序和 IPC 功能" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md -msgid "[Bindings for FreeRTOS](https://github.com/lobaro/FreeRTOS-rust)" -msgstr "[FreeRTOS 的绑定](https://github.com/lobaro/FreeRTOS-rust)" +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md:14 +msgid "Bindings for FreeRTOS" +msgstr "FreeRTOS 的绑定" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md -msgid "" -"Some platforms have `std` implementations, e.g. [esp-idf](https://esp-rs." -"github.io/book/overview/using-the-standard-library.html)." -msgstr "" -"有些平台可以实现 `std`，例如 [esp-idf](https://esp-rs.github.io/book/" -"overview/using-the-standard-library.html)。" +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md:15 +msgid "Some platforms have `std` implementations, e.g. esp-idf." +msgstr "一些平台具有 `std` 实现，例如 esp-idf。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md:20 msgid "RTIC can be considered either an RTOS or a concurrency framework." -msgstr "RTIC 可被视为 RTOS 或并发框架，" +msgstr "RTIC 可被视为 RTOS 或并发框架。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md:21 msgid "It doesn't include any HALs." msgstr "但不包含任何 HAL。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md:22 msgid "" -"It uses the Cortex-M NVIC (Nested Virtual Interrupt Controller) for " -"scheduling rather than a proper kernel." -msgstr "" -"它使用 Cortex-M NVIC（嵌套虚拟中断控制器）进行调度，而不是选用适合的内核。" +"It uses the Cortex-M NVIC (Nested Virtual Interrupt Controller) for scheduling rather " +"than a proper kernel." +msgstr "它使用 Cortex-M NVIC（嵌套虚拟中断控制器）进行调度，而不是选用适合的内核。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md:24 msgid "Cortex-M only." msgstr "仅限 Cortex-M。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md -msgid "" -"Google uses TockOS on the Haven microcontroller for Titan security keys." +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md:25 +msgid "Google uses TockOS on the Haven microcontroller for Titan security keys." msgstr "Google 在 Haven 微控制器上使用 TockOS 作为 Titan 安全密钥的操作系统。" -#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md +#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md:26 msgid "" -"FreeRTOS is mostly written in C, but there are Rust bindings for writing " -"applications." +"FreeRTOS is mostly written in C, but there are Rust bindings for writing applications." msgstr "FreeRTOS 主要使用 C 语言编写，但也提供了专用于编写应用的 Rust 绑定。" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/morning.md msgid "" -"We will read the direction from an I2C compass, and log the readings to a " -"serial port." +"We will read the direction from an I2C compass, and log the readings to a serial port." msgstr "我们将从 I2C 罗盘读取方向，并将读数记录到串行端口。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/morning.md src/exercises/concurrency/morning.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"After looking at the exercises, you can look at the [solutions](solutions-" -"morning.md) provided." -msgstr "读完习题后，可以阅读本书提供的 \\[题解\\]。" +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/morning.md src/exercises/bare-metal/afternoon.md +msgid "After looking at the exercises, you can look at the solutions provided." +msgstr "在查看练习后，您可以查看提供的解决方案。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md:3 msgid "" -"We will read the direction from an I2C compass, and log the readings to a " -"serial port. If you have time, try displaying it on the LEDs somehow too, or " -"use the buttons somehow." +"We will read the direction from an I2C compass, and log the readings to a serial port. " +"If you have time, try displaying it on the LEDs somehow too, or use the buttons somehow." msgstr "" -"我们将从 I2C 罗盘读取方向，并将读数记录到串行端口。如有时间，请尝试通过 LED " -"灯亮起的方式，或者使用按钮来显示方向。" +"我们将从 I2C 罗盘读取方向，并将读数记录到串行端口。如有时间，请尝试通过 LED 灯亮起的方" +"式，或者使用按钮来显示方向。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md:7 msgid "Hints:" msgstr "提示：" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md:9 msgid "" -"Check the documentation for the [`lsm303agr`](https://docs.rs/lsm303agr/" -"latest/lsm303agr/) and [`microbit-v2`](https://docs.rs/microbit-v2/latest/" -"microbit/) crates, as well as the [micro:bit hardware](https://tech.microbit." -"org/hardware/)." +"Check the documentation for the `lsm303agr` and `microbit-v2` crates, as well as the " +"micro:bit hardware." msgstr "" -"请参阅 [`lsm303agr`](https://docs.rs/lsm303agr/latest/lsm303agr/) 和 " -"[`microbit-v2`](https://docs.rs/microbit-v2/latest/microbit/) crate，以及 " -"[micro:bit 硬件](https://tech.microbit.org/hardware/) 相关文档。" +"您可以在 `lsm303agr` 和 `microbit-v2` crates 的文档以及 micro:bit 硬件文档中查找相关信" +"息。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md -msgid "" -"The LSM303AGR Inertial Measurement Unit is connected to the internal I2C bus." +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md:13 +msgid "The LSM303AGR Inertial Measurement Unit is connected to the internal I2C bus." msgstr "LSM303AGR 惯性测量装置与内部 I2C 总线相连接。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md -msgid "" -"TWI is another name for I2C, so the I2C master peripheral is called TWIM." +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md:14 +msgid "TWI is another name for I2C, so the I2C master peripheral is called TWIM." msgstr "TWI 是 I2C 的别称，因此 I2C 主外围设备称为 TWIM。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md:15 msgid "" -"The LSM303AGR driver needs something implementing the `embedded_hal::" -"blocking::i2c::WriteRead` trait. The [`microbit::hal::Twim`](https://docs.rs/" -"microbit-v2/latest/microbit/hal/struct.Twim.html) struct implements this." +"The LSM303AGR driver needs something implementing the `embedded_hal::blocking::i2c::" +"WriteRead` trait. The `microbit::hal::Twim` struct implements this." msgstr "" -"LSM303AGR 驱动程序需要使用某种方法来实现 `embedded_hal::blocking::i2c::" -"WriteRead` trait。[`microbit::hal::Twim`](https://docs.rs/microbit-v2/latest/" -"microbit/hal/struct.Twim.html) 结构体便可以做到这一点。" +"LSM303AGR 驱动程序需要实现 `embedded_hal::blocking::i2c::WriteRead` 特性的某些内容。" +"`microbit::hal::Twim` 结构实现了这个特性。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md:19 msgid "" -"You have a [`microbit::Board`](https://docs.rs/microbit-v2/latest/microbit/" -"struct.Board.html) struct with fields for the various pins and peripherals." -msgstr "" -"您拥有一个 [`microbit::Board`](https://docs.rs/microbit-v2/latest/microbit/" -"struct.Board.html) 结构体，其中包含各种引脚和外围设备的字段。" +"You have a `microbit::Board` struct with fields for the various pins and peripherals." +msgstr "您有一个 `microbit::Board` 结构，其中包含各种引脚和外设的字段。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md:22 msgid "" -"You can also look at the [nRF52833 datasheet](https://infocenter.nordicsemi." -"com/pdf/nRF52833_PS_v1.5.pdf) if you want, but it shouldn't be necessary for " -"this exercise." -msgstr "" -"如有需要，您还可以查看 [nRF52833 数据表](https://infocenter.nordicsemi.com/" -"pdf/nRF52833_PS_v1.5.pdf)，但对本练习来说这不是必需的。" +"You can also look at the nRF52833 datasheet if you want, but it shouldn't be necessary " +"for this exercise." +msgstr "您还可以查看 nRF52833 的数据手册，但在这个练习中应该不是必需的。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md:26 msgid "" -"Download the [exercise template](../../comprehensive-rust-exercises.zip) and " -"look in the `compass` directory for the following files." -msgstr "" -"下载 [练习模板](../../comprehensive-rust-exercises.zip) 并在 `compass` 目录中" -"查找以下文件。" +"Download the exercise template and look in the `compass` directory for the following " +"files." +msgstr "请下载练习模板，并在 `compass` 目录中查找以下文件。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md:29 src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md:22 msgid "_src/main.rs_:" -msgstr "_hello_rust/src/main.rs_:" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md -msgid "// Configure serial port.\n" -msgstr "// Configure serial port.\n" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md -msgid "// Use the system timer as a delay provider.\n" -msgstr "" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "// Set up the I2C controller and Inertial Measurement Unit." -msgstr "// Set up the I2C controller and Inertial Measurement Unit.\n" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md -msgid "// TODO" -msgstr "" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md -msgid "\"Ready.\"" -msgstr "\"Ready.\"" +msgstr "_src/main.rs_:" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "// Read compass data and log it to the serial port." -msgstr "// Read compass data and log it to the serial port.\n" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md:71 src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md:393 msgid "_Cargo.toml_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" msgstr "_Cargo.toml_（无需对此进行更改）：" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md:93 msgid "_Embed.toml_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" msgstr "_Embed.toml_（无需对此进行更改）：" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md:109 src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md:1000 msgid "_.cargo/config.toml_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" msgstr "_.cargo/config.toml_（无需对此进行更改）：" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md:122 msgid "See the serial output on Linux with:" msgstr "运行以下命令查看 Linux 上的串行输出：" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md -msgid "" -"Or on Mac OS something like (the device name may be slightly different):" +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md:130 +msgid "Or on Mac OS something like (the device name may be slightly different):" msgstr "或者在 Mac OS 上，如下所示（设备名称可能略有不同）：" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md:138 msgid "Use Ctrl+A Ctrl+Q to quit picocom." msgstr "使用 Ctrl+A Ctrl+Q 退出 picocom。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md:1 msgid "Bare Metal Rust Morning Exercise" msgstr "裸机 Rust 上午练习" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md -msgid "([back to exercise](compass.md))" -msgstr "([返回练习](compass.md))" +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md:5 +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:5 +msgid "(back to exercise)" +msgstr "（返回练习）" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md -msgid "// Set up the I2C controller and Inertial Measurement Unit.\n" -msgstr "// Set up the I2C controller and Inertial Measurement Unit.\n" +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md:34 +msgid "// Configure serial port." +msgstr "// 配置串口。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md:42 +msgid "// Use the system timer as a delay provider." +msgstr "// 使用系统定时器作为延迟提供程序。" + +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md:45 +msgid "// Set up the I2C controller and Inertial Measurement Unit." +msgstr "// 设置 I2C 控制器和惯性测量单元。" + +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md:46 msgid "\"Setting up IMU...\"" msgstr "\"Setting up IMU...\"" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md -msgid "// Set up display and timer.\n" -msgstr "// Set up display and timer.\n" +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md:64 +msgid "// Set up display and timer." +msgstr "// 设置显示器和定时器。" + +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md:71 +msgid "\"Ready.\"" +msgstr "\"Ready.\"" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md -msgid "// Read compass data and log it to the serial port.\n" -msgstr "// Read compass data and log it to the serial port.\n" +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md:74 +msgid "// Read compass data and log it to the serial port." +msgstr "// 读取罗盘数据并将其记录到串口。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md:82 msgid "\"{},{},{}\\t{},{},{}\"" msgstr "\"{},{},{}\\t{},{},{}\"" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md:120 msgid "" -"// If button A is pressed, switch to the next mode and briefly blink all " -"LEDs\n" -" // on.\n" -msgstr "" -"// If button A is pressed, switch to the next mode and briefly blink all " -"LEDs on.\n" +"// If button A is pressed, switch to the next mode and briefly blink all LEDs // on." +msgstr "// 如果按下按钮 A，则切换到下一个模式，并短暂地闪烁所有 LED。" #: src/bare-metal/aps.md msgid "Application processors" @@ -17408,47 +15647,42 @@ msgstr "应用处理器" #: src/bare-metal/aps.md msgid "" -"So far we've talked about microcontrollers, such as the Arm Cortex-M series. " -"Now let's try writing something for Cortex-A. For simplicity we'll just work " -"with QEMU's aarch64 ['virt'](https://qemu-project.gitlab.io/qemu/system/arm/" -"virt.html) board." +"So far we've talked about microcontrollers, such as the Arm Cortex-M series. Now let's " +"try writing something for Cortex-A. For simplicity we'll just work with QEMU's aarch64 " +"'virt' board." msgstr "" -"到目前为止，我们已经讨论了微控制器，例如 Arm Cortex-M 系列。现在，尝试为 " -"Cortex-A 编写一些代码。为简单起见，我们只使用 QEMU 的 aarch64 [`virt`]" -"(https://qemu-project.gitlab.io/qemu/system/arm/virt.html) 开发板 进行编写。" +"到目前为止，我们已经讨论了微控制器，例如 Arm Cortex-M 系列。现在让我们尝试为 Cortex-A 编" +"写一些内容。为了简单起见，我们将使用 QEMU 的 aarch64 ‘virt’ 板。" #: src/bare-metal/aps.md msgid "" -"Broadly speaking, microcontrollers don't have an MMU or multiple levels of " -"privilege (exception levels on Arm CPUs, rings on x86), while application " -"processors do." +"Broadly speaking, microcontrollers don't have an MMU or multiple levels of privilege " +"(exception levels on Arm CPUs, rings on x86), while application processors do." msgstr "" -"一般来说，微控制器不具备 MMU 或多级特权（例如，Arm CPU 中的异常级别，x86 中的" -"铃声级别）的功能，而应用处理器则具备这些功能。" +"一般来说，微控制器不具备 MMU 或多级特权（例如，Arm CPU 中的异常级别，x86 中的铃声级别）的" +"功能，而应用处理器则具备这些功能。" #: src/bare-metal/aps.md msgid "" "QEMU supports emulating various different machines or board models for each " -"architecture. The 'virt' board doesn't correspond to any particular real " -"hardware, but is designed purely for virtual machines." +"architecture. The 'virt' board doesn't correspond to any particular real hardware, but " +"is designed purely for virtual machines." msgstr "" -"QEMU 支持针对每种架构模拟不同的机器或板级模型。“虚拟”开发板并不适用于任何特定" -"的真实硬件，而是专为虚拟机设计的。" +"QEMU 支持针对每种架构模拟不同的机器或板级模型。“虚拟”开发板并不适用于任何特定的真实硬件，" +"而是专为虚拟机设计的。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md -msgid "" -"Before we can start running Rust code, we need to do some initialisation." +#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md:3 +msgid "Before we can start running Rust code, we need to do some initialisation." msgstr "在开始运行 Rust 代码之前，我们需要进行一些初始化设置。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md:5 msgid "" "```armasm\n" ".section .init.entry, \"ax\"\n" ".global entry\n" "entry:\n" " /*\n" -" * Load and apply the memory management configuration, ready to enable " -"MMU and\n" +" * Load and apply the memory management configuration, ready to enable MMU and\n" " * caches.\n" " */\n" " adrp x30, idmap\n" @@ -17467,8 +15701,7 @@ msgid "" " mov_i x30, .Lsctlrval\n" "\n" " /*\n" -" * Ensure everything before this point has completed, then invalidate " -"any\n" +" * Ensure everything before this point has completed, then invalidate any\n" " * potentially stale local TLB entries before they start being used.\n" " */\n" " isb\n" @@ -17478,8 +15711,7 @@ msgid "" " isb\n" "\n" " /*\n" -" * Configure sctlr_el1 to enable MMU and cache and don't proceed until " -"this\n" +" * Configure sctlr_el1 to enable MMU and cache and don't proceed until this\n" " * has completed.\n" " */\n" " msr sctlr_el1, x30\n" @@ -17520,8 +15752,7 @@ msgstr "" ".global entry\n" "entry:\n" " /*\n" -" * Load and apply the memory management configuration, ready to enable " -"MMU and\n" +" * Load and apply the memory management configuration, ready to enable MMU and\n" " * caches.\n" " */\n" " adrp x30, idmap\n" @@ -17540,8 +15771,7 @@ msgstr "" " mov_i x30, .Lsctlrval\n" "\n" " /*\n" -" * Ensure everything before this point has completed, then invalidate " -"any\n" +" * Ensure everything before this point has completed, then invalidate any\n" " * potentially stale local TLB entries before they start being used.\n" " */\n" " isb\n" @@ -17551,8 +15781,7 @@ msgstr "" " isb\n" "\n" " /*\n" -" * Configure sctlr_el1 to enable MMU and cache and don't proceed until " -"this\n" +" * Configure sctlr_el1 to enable MMU and cache and don't proceed until this\n" " * has completed.\n" " */\n" " msr sctlr_el1, x30\n" @@ -17588,3419 +15817,2032 @@ msgstr "" " b 2b\n" "```" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md:77 msgid "" -"This is the same as it would be for C: initialising the processor state, " -"zeroing the BSS, and setting up the stack pointer." -msgstr "" -"这与 C 语言的情况相同：初始化处理器状态，将 BSS 清零，然后设置堆栈指针。" +"This is the same as it would be for C: initialising the processor state, zeroing the " +"BSS, and setting up the stack pointer." +msgstr "这与 C 语言的情况相同：初始化处理器状态，将 BSS 清零，然后设置堆栈指针。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md:79 msgid "" -"The BSS (block starting symbol, for historical reasons) is the part of the " -"object file which containing statically allocated variables which are " -"initialised to zero. They are omitted from the image, to avoid wasting space " -"on zeroes. The compiler assumes that the loader will take care of zeroing " -"them." +"The BSS (block starting symbol, for historical reasons) is the part of the object file " +"which containing statically allocated variables which are initialised to zero. They are " +"omitted from the image, to avoid wasting space on zeroes. The compiler assumes that the " +"loader will take care of zeroing them." msgstr "" -"BSS（由于历史原因，称为代码块起始符）属于对象文件的一部分，其中包含静态分配的" -"变量，这些变量被初始化为零。图像中省略了这些符号，以避免因存储零值而占用过多" -"空间。编译器假定加载器会负责将它们清零。" +"BSS（由于历史原因，称为代码块起始符）属于对象文件的一部分，其中包含静态分配的变量，这些变" +"量被初始化为零。图像中省略了这些符号，以避免因存储零值而占用过多空间。编译器假定加载器会" +"负责将它们清零。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md:84 msgid "" -"The BSS may already be zeroed, depending on how memory is initialised and " -"the image is loaded, but we zero it to be sure." +"The BSS may already be zeroed, depending on how memory is initialised and the image is " +"loaded, but we zero it to be sure." msgstr "" -"BSS 可能已经被清零，具体取决于内存的初始化方式以及图像的加载方式，但为了确保" -"起见，我们会将其手动清零。" +"BSS 可能已经被清零，具体取决于内存的初始化方式以及图像的加载方式，但为了确保起见，我们会" +"将其手动清零。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md:86 msgid "" -"We need to enable the MMU and cache before reading or writing any memory. If " -"we don't:" +"We need to enable the MMU and cache before reading or writing any memory. If we don't:" msgstr "我们需要先启用 MMU 和缓存功能，然后才能读取或写入任何内存。否则：" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md:88 msgid "" -"Unaligned accesses will fault. We build the Rust code for the `aarch64-" -"unknown-none` target which sets `+strict-align` to prevent the compiler " -"generating unaligned accesses, so it should be fine in this case, but this " -"is not necessarily the case in general." +"Unaligned accesses will fault. We build the Rust code for the `aarch64-unknown-none` " +"target which sets `+strict-align` to prevent the compiler generating unaligned accesses, " +"so it should be fine in this case, but this is not necessarily the case in general." msgstr "" -"非对齐访问将会出错。我们为 `aarch64-unknown-none` 目标构建 Rust 代码，该目标" -"会设置 `+Strict-align` 以防止编译器生成非对齐访问，因此在本例中应该没有问题，" -"但一般情况下并不一定如此。" +"非对齐访问将会出错。我们为 `aarch64-unknown-none` 目标构建 Rust 代码，该目标会设置 " +"`+Strict-align` 以防止编译器生成非对齐访问，因此在本例中应该没有问题，但一般情况下并不一" +"定如此。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md:92 msgid "" -"If it were running in a VM, this can lead to cache coherency issues. The " -"problem is that the VM is accessing memory directly with the cache disabled, " -"while the host has cacheable aliases to the same memory. Even if the host " -"doesn't explicitly access the memory, speculative accesses can lead to cache " -"fills, and then changes from one or the other will get lost when the cache " -"is cleaned or the VM enables the cache. (Cache is keyed by physical address, " -"not VA or IPA.)" +"If it were running in a VM, this can lead to cache coherency issues. The problem is that " +"the VM is accessing memory directly with the cache disabled, while the host has " +"cacheable aliases to the same memory. Even if the host doesn't explicitly access the " +"memory, speculative accesses can lead to cache fills, and then changes from one or the " +"other will get lost when the cache is cleaned or the VM enables the cache. (Cache is " +"keyed by physical address, not VA or IPA.)" msgstr "" -"如果是在虚拟机中运行该命令，可能会导致缓存一致性问题。问题在于，虚拟机是在禁" -"用缓存的情况下直接访问内存，而主机具有同一内存的缓存别名。即使主机并没有明确" -"访问该内存，推测性访问仍然会导致缓存被填充，然后在清除缓存或虚拟机启用缓存" -"时，任何一方对于该内存进行的更改就会丢失。（使用物理地址来键控缓存，而 VA 或 " -"IPA。）" +"如果是在虚拟机中运行该命令，可能会导致缓存一致性问题。问题在于，虚拟机是在禁用缓存的情况" +"下直接访问内存，而主机具有同一内存的缓存别名。即使主机并没有明确访问该内存，推测性访问仍" +"然会导致缓存被填充，然后在清除缓存或虚拟机启用缓存时，任何一方对于该内存进行的更改就会丢" +"失。（使用物理地址来键控缓存，而 VA 或 IPA。）" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md:99 msgid "" -"For simplicity, we just use a hardcoded pagetable (see `idmap.S`) which " -"identity maps the first 1 GiB of address space for devices, the next 1 GiB " -"for DRAM, and another 1 GiB higher up for more devices. This matches the " -"memory layout that QEMU uses." +"For simplicity, we just use a hardcoded pagetable (see `idmap.S`) which identity maps " +"the first 1 GiB of address space for devices, the next 1 GiB for DRAM, and another 1 GiB " +"higher up for more devices. This matches the memory layout that QEMU uses." msgstr "" -"为简单起见，我们只使用硬编码的分页表（请参阅 `dmap.S`），其通过身份映射将前一" -"个 1 GiB 的地址空间用于设备，紧接着的 1 GiB 用于 DRAM，然后在更高位置预留了 " -"1 GiB 给其他设备。这与 QEMU 使用的内存布局一致。" +"为简单起见，我们只使用硬编码的分页表（请参阅 `dmap.S`），其通过身份映射将前一个 1 GiB 的" +"地址空间用于设备，紧接着的 1 GiB 用于 DRAM，然后在更高位置预留了 1 GiB 给其他设备。这与 " +"QEMU 使用的内存布局一致。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md -msgid "" -"We also set up the exception vector (`vbar_el1`), which we'll see more about " -"later." +#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md:103 +msgid "We also set up the exception vector (`vbar_el1`), which we'll see more about later." msgstr "我们还设置了异常矢量 (`vbar_el1`)，稍后会对此进行详细介绍。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md:105 msgid "" -"All examples this afternoon assume we will be running at exception level 1 " -"(EL1). If you need to run at a different exception level you'll need to " -"modify `entry.S` accordingly." +"All examples this afternoon assume we will be running at exception level 1 (EL1). If you " +"need to run at a different exception level you'll need to modify `entry.S` accordingly." msgstr "" -"今天下午的所有示例都假定我们将在异常级别 1 (EL1) 下运行。如果您需要在其他异常" -"级别下运行，则需要修改相应的 `entry.S`。" +"今天下午的所有示例都假定我们将在异常级别 1 (EL1) 下运行。如果您需要在其他异常级别下运行，" +"则需要修改相应的 `entry.S`。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md:1 msgid "Inline assembly" msgstr "内嵌汇编" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md:3 msgid "" -"Sometimes we need to use assembly to do things that aren't possible with " -"Rust code. For example, to make an HVC (hypervisor call) to tell the " -"firmware to power off the system:" +"Sometimes we need to use assembly to do things that aren't possible with Rust code. For " +"example, to make an HVC (hypervisor call) to tell the firmware to power off the system:" msgstr "" -"有时，如果无法通过 Rust 代码实现某些操作，我们就需要使用汇编来解决。例如，如" -"需发出 HVC（Hypervisor 调用）来指示固件关闭系统，请使用以下命令：" +"有时，如果无法通过 Rust 代码实现某些操作，我们就需要使用汇编来解决。例如，如需发出 HVC" +"（Hypervisor 调用）来指示固件关闭系统，请使用以下命令：" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md:20 msgid "" -"// Safe because this only uses the declared registers and doesn't do\n" -" // anything with memory.\n" -msgstr "" -"// Safe because this only uses the declared registers and doesn't do\n" -" // anything with memory.\n" +"// SAFETY: this only uses the declared registers and doesn't do anything // with memory." +msgstr "// 安全性：这仅使用已声明的寄存器，并且不会对内存执行任何操作。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md:23 msgid "\"hvc #0\"" msgstr "\"hvc #0\"" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md:24 msgid "\"w0\"" msgstr "\"w0\"" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md:25 msgid "\"w1\"" msgstr "\"w1\"" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md:26 msgid "\"w2\"" msgstr "\"w2\"" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md:27 msgid "\"w3\"" msgstr "\"w3\"" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md:28 msgid "\"w4\"" msgstr "\"w4\"" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md:29 msgid "\"w5\"" msgstr "\"w5\"" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md:30 msgid "\"w6\"" msgstr "\"w6\"" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md:31 msgid "\"w7\"" msgstr "\"w7\"" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md:40 msgid "" -"(If you actually want to do this, use the [`smccc`](https://crates.io/crates/" -"smccc) crate which has wrappers for all these functions.)" -msgstr "" -"（如果确实想要这样做，请使用 [`smccc`](https://crates.io/crates/smccc) " -"crate，其中包含适用于所有这些函数的封装容器。）" +"(If you actually want to do this, use the `smccc` crate which has wrappers for all these " +"functions.)" +msgstr "(如果你真的想这样做，可以使用 `smccc` crate，它为所有这些功能提供了包装器。)" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md:45 msgid "" -"PSCI is the Arm Power State Coordination Interface, a standard set of " -"functions to manage system and CPU power states, among other things. It is " -"implemented by EL3 firmware and hypervisors on many systems." +"PSCI is the Arm Power State Coordination Interface, a standard set of functions to " +"manage system and CPU power states, among other things. It is implemented by EL3 " +"firmware and hypervisors on many systems." msgstr "" -"PSCI 是 Arm 电源状态协调接口，为一组标准函数，用于管理系统和 CPU 电源状态等。" -"在许多系统中，通过 EL3 固件和 Hypervisor 来实现该函数。" +"PSCI 是 Arm 电源状态协调接口，为一组标准函数，用于管理系统和 CPU 电源状态等。在许多系统" +"中，通过 EL3 固件和 Hypervisor 来实现该函数。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md:48 msgid "" -"The `0 => _` syntax means initialise the register to 0 before running the " -"inline assembly code, and ignore its contents afterwards. We need to use " -"`inout` rather than `in` because the call could potentially clobber the " -"contents of the registers." +"The `0 => _` syntax means initialise the register to 0 before running the inline " +"assembly code, and ignore its contents afterwards. We need to use `inout` rather than " +"`in` because the call could potentially clobber the contents of the registers." msgstr "" -"`0 => _` 语法表示在运行内嵌汇编代码之前将寄存器初始化为 0，并在之后忽略寄存器" -"中的内容。我们需要使用 `inout` 而非 `in`，因为该调用操作可能会破坏寄存器中的" -"内容。" +"`0 => _` 语法表示在运行内嵌汇编代码之前将寄存器初始化为 0，并在之后忽略寄存器中的内容。我" +"们需要使用 `inout` 而非 `in`，因为该调用操作可能会破坏寄存器中的内容。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md:52 msgid "" -"This `main` function needs to be `#[no_mangle]` and `extern \"C\"` because " -"it is called from our entry point in `entry.S`." +"This `main` function needs to be `#[no_mangle]` and `extern \"C\"` because it is called " +"from our entry point in `entry.S`." msgstr "" -"所用 `main` 函数必须是 `#[no_mangle]` 和 `extern \"C\"`，因为是从 `entry.S` " -"中的入口点调用该函数。" +"所用 `main` 函数必须是 `#[no_mangle]` 和 `extern \"C\"`，因为是从 `entry.S` 中的入口点调" +"用该函数。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md:54 msgid "" -"`_x0`–`_x3` are the values of registers `x0`–`x3`, which are conventionally " -"used by the bootloader to pass things like a pointer to the device tree. " -"According to the standard aarch64 calling convention (which is what `extern " -"\"C\"` specifies to use), registers `x0`–`x7` are used for the first 8 " -"arguments passed to a function, so `entry.S` doesn't need to do anything " -"special except make sure it doesn't change these registers." +"`_x0`–`_x3` are the values of registers `x0`–`x3`, which are conventionally used by the " +"bootloader to pass things like a pointer to the device tree. According to the standard " +"aarch64 calling convention (which is what `extern \"C\"` specifies to use), registers " +"`x0`–`x7` are used for the first 8 arguments passed to a function, so `entry.S` doesn't " +"need to do anything special except make sure it doesn't change these registers." msgstr "" -"`_x0`–`_x3` 表示寄存器 `x0`-`x3` 的值，引导加载程序通常使用这些值来传递各种内" -"容（例如将指针传递到设备树）。根据标准的 aarch64 调用规范（`extern \"C\"`指定" -"使用此规范），需要使用寄存器 `x0`-`x7` 将前 8 个参数传递给函数，因此 `entry." -"S` 无需执行任何特殊操作，只要确保不会更改这些寄存器。" +"`_x0`–`_x3` 表示寄存器 `x0`-`x3` 的值，引导加载程序通常使用这些值来传递各种内容（例如将指" +"针传递到设备树）。根据标准的 aarch64 调用规范（`extern \"C\"`指定使用此规范），需要使用寄" +"存器 `x0`-`x7` 将前 8 个参数传递给函数，因此 `entry.S` 无需执行任何特殊操作，只要确保不会" +"更改这些寄存器。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md -msgid "" -"Run the example in QEMU with `make qemu_psci` under `src/bare-metal/aps/" -"examples`." +#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md:60 +msgid "Run the example in QEMU with `make qemu_psci` under `src/bare-metal/aps/examples`." msgstr "" -"在 QEMU 中，使用 `src/bare-metal/aps/examples` 目录下的 `make qemu_psci` 运行" -"该示例。" +"在 QEMU 中，使用 `src/bare-metal/aps/examples` 目录下的 `make qemu_psci` 运行该示例。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md:1 msgid "Volatile memory access for MMIO" msgstr "MMIO 的易失性内存访问" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md:3 msgid "Use `pointer::read_volatile` and `pointer::write_volatile`." msgstr "使用 `pointer::read_volatile` 和 `pointer::write_volatile`。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md:4 msgid "Never hold a reference." msgstr "切勿提及引用。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md:5 msgid "" -"`addr_of!` lets you get fields of structs without creating an intermediate " -"reference." +"`addr_of!` lets you get fields of structs without creating an intermediate reference." msgstr "借助 `addr_of!`，您无需创建中间引用即可获取结构体字段。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md:10 msgid "" -"Volatile access: read or write operations may have side-effects, so prevent " -"the compiler or hardware from reordering, duplicating or eliding them." +"Volatile access: read or write operations may have side-effects, so prevent the compiler " +"or hardware from reordering, duplicating or eliding them." msgstr "" -"易失性访问：执行读取或写入操作可能会产生副作用，因此应阻止编译器或硬件对这些" -"操作进行重新排序、复制或省略。" +"易失性访问：执行读取或写入操作可能会产生副作用，因此应阻止编译器或硬件对这些操作进行重新" +"排序、复制或省略。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md:12 msgid "" -"Usually if you write and then read, e.g. via a mutable reference, the " -"compiler may assume that the value read is the same as the value just " -"written, and not bother actually reading memory." +"Usually if you write and then read, e.g. via a mutable reference, the compiler may " +"assume that the value read is the same as the value just written, and not bother " +"actually reading memory." msgstr "" -"通常情况下，如果您先写入操作，紧接着进行读取操作（例如通过可变引用），则编译" -"器可能会认为读取的值是最新写入的值，就不再执行实际的内存读取过程。" +"通常情况下，如果您先写入操作，紧接着进行读取操作（例如通过可变引用），则编译器可能会认为" +"读取的值是最新写入的值，就不再执行实际的内存读取过程。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md:15 msgid "" -"Some existing crates for volatile access to hardware do hold references, but " -"this is unsound. Whenever a reference exist, the compiler may choose to " -"dereference it." +"Some existing crates for volatile access to hardware do hold references, but this is " +"unsound. Whenever a reference exist, the compiler may choose to dereference it." msgstr "" -"虽然在对硬件进行易失性访问时，一些 crate 确实会提及引用，但这很不安全。只要存" -"在引用，编译器就会选择对其进行解引用操作。" +"虽然在对硬件进行易失性访问时，一些 crate 确实会提及引用，但这很不安全。只要存在引用，编译" +"器就会选择对其进行解引用操作。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md -msgid "" -"Use the `addr_of!` macro to get struct field pointers from a pointer to the " -"struct." +#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md:18 +msgid "Use the `addr_of!` macro to get struct field pointers from a pointer to the struct." msgstr "使用 `addr_of!` 宏可以从结构体指针中获取结构体字段的指针。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md:1 msgid "Let's write a UART driver" msgstr "编写 UART 驱动程序" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md -msgid "" -"The QEMU 'virt' machine has a [PL011](https://developer.arm.com/" -"documentation/ddi0183/g) UART, so let's write a driver for that." -msgstr "" -"QEMU “虚拟机”具有 [PL011](https://developer.arm.com/documentation/ddi0183/g) " -"UART，现在为其编写驱动程序。" +#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md:3 +msgid "The QEMU 'virt' machine has a PL011 UART, so let's write a driver for that." +msgstr "QEMU 的 'virt' 机器配备了 PL011 UART，因此让我们为其编写一个驱动程序。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md -msgid "/// Minimal driver for a PL011 UART.\n" -msgstr "/// Minimal driver for a PL011 UART.\n" +#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md:9 +msgid "/// Minimal driver for a PL011 UART." +msgstr "/// PL011 UART 的最小驱动程序。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md:17 src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md:13 msgid "" -"/// Constructs a new instance of the UART driver for a PL011 device at the\n" -" /// given base address.\n" -" ///\n" -" /// # Safety\n" -" ///\n" -" /// The given base address must point to the 8 MMIO control registers of " -"a\n" -" /// PL011 device, which must be mapped into the address space of the " -"process\n" -" /// as device memory and not have any other aliases.\n" +"/// Constructs a new instance of the UART driver for a PL011 device at the /// given " +"base address. /// /// # Safety /// /// The given base address must point to the 8 MMIO " +"control registers of a /// PL011 device, which must be mapped into the address space of " +"the process /// as device memory and not have any other aliases." msgstr "" -"/// Constructs a new instance of the UART driver for a PL011 device at the\n" -" /// given base address.\n" -" ///\n" -" /// # Safety\n" -" ///\n" -" /// The given base address must point to the 8 MMIO control registers of " -"a\n" -" /// PL011 device, which must be mapped into the address space of the " -"process\n" -" /// as device memory and not have any other aliases.\n" +"/// 构造一个新的 PL011 设备的 UART 驱动程序实例，位于给定的基址处。 /// /// # 安全" +"性 /// /// 给定的基址必须指向 PL011 设备的 8 个 MMIO 控制寄存器，这些寄存器必须映射到进程" +"的地址空间中作为设备内存，并且没有其他别名。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "/// Writes a single byte to the UART.\n" -msgstr "/// Writes a single byte to the UART.\n" +#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md:29 src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md:25 +msgid "/// Writes a single byte to the UART." +msgstr "/// 将单个字节写入 UART。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "// Wait until there is room in the TX buffer.\n" -msgstr "// Wait until there is room in the TX buffer.\n" +#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md:31 src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md:27 +msgid "// Wait until there is room in the TX buffer." +msgstr "// 等待直到 TX 缓冲区中有空间。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md:34 src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md:46 msgid "" -"// Safe because we know that the base address points to the control\n" -" // registers of a PL011 device which is appropriately mapped.\n" -msgstr "" -"// Safe because we know that the base address points to the control\n" -" // registers of a PL011 device which is appropriately mapped.\n" +"// SAFETY: We know that the base address points to the control // registers of a PL011 " +"device which is appropriately mapped." +msgstr "// 安全性：我们知道基址指向了适当映射的 PL011 设备的控制寄存器。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "// Write to the TX buffer.\n" -msgstr "// Write to the TX buffer.\n" +#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md:37 src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md:33 +msgid "// Write to the TX buffer." +msgstr "// 写入到 TX 缓冲区。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "// Wait until the UART is no longer busy.\n" -msgstr "// Wait until the UART is no longer busy.\n" +#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md:41 src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md:37 +msgid "// Wait until the UART is no longer busy." +msgstr "// 等待直到 UART 不再忙碌。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md:55 msgid "" -"Note that `Uart::new` is unsafe while the other methods are safe. This is " -"because as long as the caller of `Uart::new` guarantees that its safety " -"requirements are met (i.e. that there is only ever one instance of the " -"driver for a given UART, and nothing else aliasing its address space), then " -"it is always safe to call `write_byte` later because we can assume the " -"necessary preconditions." +"Note that `Uart::new` is unsafe while the other methods are safe. This is because as " +"long as the caller of `Uart::new` guarantees that its safety requirements are met (i.e. " +"that there is only ever one instance of the driver for a given UART, and nothing else " +"aliasing its address space), then it is always safe to call `write_byte` later because " +"we can assume the necessary preconditions." msgstr "" -"请注意，使用 `Uart::new` 方法不安全，而其他方法则安全。原因在于，只要 `Uart::" -"new` 的调用方保证满足其安全要求（即所指定的 UART 只有一个驱动程序实例，且没有" -"其他内容与其地址空间存在重叠），那么后续调用 `write_byte` 始终是安全的，因为" -"我们假定需要满足的前提条件。" +"请注意，使用 `Uart::new` 方法不安全，而其他方法则安全。原因在于，只要 `Uart::new` 的调用" +"方保证满足其安全要求（即所指定的 UART 只有一个驱动程序实例，且没有其他内容与其地址空间存" +"在重叠），那么后续调用 `write_byte` 始终是安全的，因为我们假定需要满足的前提条件。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md:61 msgid "" -"We could have done it the other way around (making `new` safe but " -"`write_byte` unsafe), but that would be much less convenient to use as every " -"place that calls `write_byte` would need to reason about the safety" +"We could have done it the other way around (making `new` safe but `write_byte` unsafe), " +"but that would be much less convenient to use as every place that calls `write_byte` " +"would need to reason about the safety" msgstr "" -"我们也可以采用相反的方式（即确保 `new` 安全，但 `write_byte` 不安全），不过这" -"样会很不方便，因为每当调用 `write_byte` 时都需要推断是否安全。" +"我们也可以采用相反的方式（即确保 `new` 安全，但 `write_byte` 不安全），不过这样会很不方" +"便，因为每当调用 `write_byte` 时都需要推断是否安全" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md:64 msgid "" -"This is a common pattern for writing safe wrappers of unsafe code: moving " -"the burden of proof for soundness from a large number of places to a smaller " -"number of places." +"This is a common pattern for writing safe wrappers of unsafe code: moving the burden of " +"proof for soundness from a large number of places to a smaller number of places." msgstr "" -"这是安全地封装不安全代码时常见的策略：即在少数调用代码的地方进行安全验证，而" -"不是在很多地方进行。" +"这是安全地封装不安全代码时常见的策略：即在少数调用代码的地方进行安全验证，而不是在很多地" +"方进行。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart/traits.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart/traits.md:1 msgid "More traits" msgstr "更多 trait" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart/traits.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart/traits.md:3 msgid "" -"We derived the `Debug` trait. It would be useful to implement a few more " -"traits too." +"We derived the `Debug` trait. It would be useful to implement a few more traits too." msgstr "已经派生了 `Debug` trait。如果再实现更多 trait，会大有帮助。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart/traits.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart/traits.md:17 msgid "" -"// Safe because it just contains a pointer to device memory, which can be\n" -"// accessed from any context.\n" -msgstr "" -"// Safe because it just contains a pointer to device memory, which can be\n" -"// accessed from any context.\n" +"// SAFETY: `Uart` just contains a pointer to device memory, which can be // accessed " +"from any context." +msgstr "// 安全性：`Uart` 只包含指向设备内存的指针，可以从任何上下文访问。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart/traits.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart/traits.md:25 msgid "" -"Implementing `Write` lets us use the `write!` and `writeln!` macros with our " -"`Uart` type." -msgstr "" -"通过实现 `Write`，我们可以将 `write!` 和 `writeln!` 宏与 `Uart` 类型搭配使" -"用。" +"Implementing `Write` lets us use the `write!` and `writeln!` macros with our `Uart` type." +msgstr "通过实现 `Write`，我们可以将 `write!` 和 `writeln!` 宏与 `Uart` 类型搭配使用。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart/traits.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart/traits.md:27 msgid "" -"Run the example in QEMU with `make qemu_minimal` under `src/bare-metal/aps/" -"examples`." +"Run the example in QEMU with `make qemu_minimal` under `src/bare-metal/aps/examples`." msgstr "" -"在 QEMU 中，使用 `src/bare-metal/aps/examples` 目录下的 `make qemu_minimal` " -"运行该示例。" +"在 QEMU 中，使用 `src/bare-metal/aps/examples` 目录下的 `make qemu_minimal` 运行该示例。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:1 msgid "A better UART driver" msgstr "更好的 UART 驱动程序" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:3 msgid "" -"The PL011 actually has [a bunch more registers](https://developer.arm.com/" -"documentation/ddi0183/g/programmers-model/summary-of-registers), and adding " -"offsets to construct pointers to access them is error-prone and hard to " -"read. Plus, some of them are bit fields which would be nice to access in a " -"structured way." +"The PL011 actually has a bunch more registers, and adding offsets to construct pointers " +"to access them is error-prone and hard to read. Plus, some of them are bit fields which " +"would be nice to access in a structured way." msgstr "" -"事实上，PL011 具有 [很多额外的寄存器](https://developer.arm.com/" -"documentation/ddi0183/g/programmers-model/summary-of-registers)，但通过添加偏" -"移量构建指针的方式来访问这些寄存器，既容易出错又难以读取。此外，其中有些寄存" -"器是位字段，非常便于以结构化方式访问。" +"PL011 实际上有更多的寄存器，并且添加偏移量来构造指针以访问它们容易出错且难以阅读。另外，" +"其中一些是位字段，希望以结构化的方式访问它们会更好。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:7 msgid "Offset" msgstr "偏移" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:7 msgid "Register name" msgstr "寄存器名称" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:7 msgid "Width" msgstr "宽度" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:9 msgid "0x00" msgstr "0x00" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:9 msgid "DR" msgstr "DR" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:9 msgid "12" msgstr "12" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:10 msgid "0x04" msgstr "0x04" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:10 msgid "RSR" msgstr "RSR" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:10 +msgid "4" +msgstr "4" + +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:11 msgid "0x18" msgstr "0x18" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:11 msgid "FR" msgstr "FR" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:11 msgid "9" msgstr "9" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:12 msgid "0x20" msgstr "0x20" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:12 msgid "ILPR" msgstr "ILPR" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:12 src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:15 +msgid "8" +msgstr "8" + +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:13 msgid "0x24" msgstr "0x24" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:13 msgid "IBRD" msgstr "IBRD" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:13 src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:16 msgid "16" msgstr "16" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:14 msgid "0x28" msgstr "0x28" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:14 msgid "FBRD" msgstr "FBRD" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:14 src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:17 +msgid "6" +msgstr "6" + +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:15 msgid "0x2c" msgstr "0x2c" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:15 msgid "LCR_H" msgstr "LCR_H" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:16 msgid "0x30" msgstr "0x30" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:16 msgid "CR" msgstr "CR" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:17 msgid "0x34" msgstr "0x34" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:17 msgid "IFLS" msgstr "IFLS" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:18 msgid "0x38" msgstr "0x38" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:18 msgid "IMSC" msgstr "IMSC" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:18 src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:19 +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:20 src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:21 msgid "11" msgstr "11" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:19 msgid "0x3c" msgstr "0x3c" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:19 msgid "RIS" msgstr "RIS" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:20 msgid "0x40" msgstr "0x40" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:20 msgid "MIS" msgstr "MIS" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:21 msgid "0x44" msgstr "0x44" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:21 msgid "ICR" msgstr "ICR" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:22 msgid "0x48" msgstr "0x48" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:22 msgid "DMACR" msgstr "DMACR" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:22 +msgid "3" +msgstr "3" + +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md:26 msgid "There are also some ID registers which have been omitted for brevity." msgstr "为简洁起见，我们省略了一些 ID 寄存器。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md -msgid "" -"The [`bitflags`](https://crates.io/crates/bitflags) crate is useful for " -"working with bitflags." -msgstr "" -"[`bitflags`](https://crates.io/crates/bitflags) crate 非常适用于处理 " -"bitflag。" +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md:3 +msgid "The `bitflags` crate is useful for working with bitflags." +msgstr "`bitflags` crate 对于处理位标志非常有用。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "/// Flags from the UART flag register.\n" -msgstr "/// Flags from the UART flag register.\n" +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md:10 +msgid "/// Flags from the UART flag register." +msgstr "/// UART 标志寄存器中的标志。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "/// Clear to send.\n" -msgstr "/// Clear to send.\n" +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md:14 +msgid "/// Clear to send." +msgstr "/// 清除发送。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "/// Data set ready.\n" -msgstr "/// Data set ready.\n" +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md:16 +msgid "/// Data set ready." +msgstr "/// 数据集准备好。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "/// Data carrier detect.\n" -msgstr "/// Data carrier detect.\n" +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md:18 +msgid "/// Data carrier detect." +msgstr "/// 数据载波检测。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "/// UART busy transmitting data.\n" -msgstr "/// UART busy transmitting data.\n" +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md:20 +msgid "/// UART busy transmitting data." +msgstr "/// UART 忙于传输数据。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "/// Receive FIFO is empty.\n" -msgstr "/// Receive FIFO is empty.\n" +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md:22 +msgid "/// Receive FIFO is empty." +msgstr "/// 接收 FIFO 为空。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "/// Transmit FIFO is full.\n" -msgstr "/// Transmit FIFO is full.\n" +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md:24 +msgid "/// Transmit FIFO is full." +msgstr "/// 发送 FIFO 已满。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "/// Receive FIFO is full.\n" -msgstr "/// Receive FIFO is full.\n" +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md:26 +msgid "/// Receive FIFO is full." +msgstr "/// 接收 FIFO 已满。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "/// Transmit FIFO is empty.\n" -msgstr "/// Transmit FIFO is empty.\n" +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md:28 +msgid "/// Transmit FIFO is empty." +msgstr "/// 发送 FIFO 为空。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "/// Ring indicator.\n" -msgstr "/// Ring indicator.\n" +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md:30 +msgid "/// Ring indicator." +msgstr "/// 环指示器。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md:38 msgid "" -"The `bitflags!` macro creates a newtype something like `Flags(u16)`, along " -"with a bunch of method implementations to get and set flags." +"The `bitflags!` macro creates a newtype something like `Flags(u16)`, along with a bunch " +"of method implementations to get and set flags." msgstr "" -"`bitflags!` 宏会创建类似于 `Flags(u16)` 的新类型，以及一系列用于获取和设置标" -"记的方法实现。" +"`bitflags!` 宏会创建类似于 `Flags(u16)` 的新类型，以及一系列用于获取和设置标记的方法实" +"现。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/registers.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/registers.md:1 msgid "Multiple registers" msgstr "多个寄存器" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/registers.md -msgid "" -"We can use a struct to represent the memory layout of the UART's registers." +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/registers.md:3 +msgid "We can use a struct to represent the memory layout of the UART's registers." msgstr "我们可以使用结构体来表示 UART 寄存器的内存布局。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/registers.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/registers.md:43 msgid "" -"[`#[repr(C)]`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/type-layout.html#the-c-" -"representation) tells the compiler to lay the struct fields out in order, " -"following the same rules as C. This is necessary for our struct to have a " -"predictable layout, as default Rust representation allows the compiler to " -"(among other things) reorder fields however it sees fit." +"`#[repr(C)]` tells the compiler to lay the struct fields out in order, following the " +"same rules as C. This is necessary for our struct to have a predictable layout, as " +"default Rust representation allows the compiler to (among other things) reorder fields " +"however it sees fit." msgstr "" -"通过运行 [`#[repr(C)]`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/type-layout." -"html#the-c-representation) 命令，指示编译器按顺序布置结构体字段，遵循与 C 语" -"言相同的规则。这是确保结构体具有可预测布局的必要条件，因为默认的 Rust 表示法" -"允许编译器（以及其他内容）按照其认为合适的方式重新排列字段。" +"`#[repr(C)]` 告诉编译器按顺序排列结构字段，遵循与 C 相同的规则。这对于我们的结构具有可预" +"测的布局是必要的，因为默认的 Rust 表示允许编译器（除其他外）以任何方式重新排列字段。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md:3 msgid "Now let's use the new `Registers` struct in our driver." msgstr "现在将新的 `Registers` 结构体用于我们的驱动程序。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md -msgid "/// Driver for a PL011 UART.\n" -msgstr "/// Driver for a PL011 UART.\n" +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md:6 +msgid "/// Driver for a PL011 UART." +msgstr "/// PL011 UART 的驱动程序。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md:30 src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md:56 msgid "" -"// Safe because we know that self.registers points to the control\n" -" // registers of a PL011 device which is appropriately mapped.\n" -msgstr "" -"// Safe because we know that self.registers points to the control\n" -" // registers of a PL011 device which is appropriately mapped.\n" +"// SAFETY: We know that self.registers points to the control registers // of a PL011 " +"device which is appropriately mapped." +msgstr "// 安全性：我们知道 self.registers 指向适当映射的 PL011 设备的控制寄存器。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md:41 +msgid "/// Reads and returns a pending byte, or `None` if nothing has been /// received." +msgstr "/// 读取并返回一个待处理的字节，如果尚未接收到任何内容，则返回 `None`。" + +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md:47 msgid "" -"/// Reads and returns a pending byte, or `None` if nothing has been\n" -" /// received.\n" -msgstr "" -"/// Reads and returns a pending byte, or `None` if nothing has been " -"received.\n" +"// SAFETY: We know that self.registers points to the control // registers of a PL011 " +"device which is appropriately mapped." +msgstr "// 安全性：我们知道 self.registers 指向适当映射的 PL011 设备的控制寄存器。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "// TODO: Check for error conditions in bits 8-11.\n" -msgstr "// TODO: Check for error conditions in bits 8-11.\n" +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md:50 +msgid "// TODO: Check for error conditions in bits 8-11." +msgstr "// TODO: 检查位 8-11 中的错误条件。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md:65 msgid "" -"Note the use of `addr_of!` / `addr_of_mut!` to get pointers to individual " -"fields without creating an intermediate reference, which would be unsound." +"Note the use of `addr_of!` / `addr_of_mut!` to get pointers to individual fields without " +"creating an intermediate reference, which would be unsound." msgstr "" -"请注意，只使用 `addr_of!` / `addr_of_mut!` 获取指向各个字段的指针，而不创建中" -"间引用，这样很不安全。" +"请注意，只使用 `addr_of!` / `addr_of_mut!` 获取指向各个字段的指针，而不创建中间引用，这样" +"很不安全。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md:1 src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md:1 msgid "Using it" msgstr "开始使用" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md:3 msgid "" -"Let's write a small program using our driver to write to the serial console, " -"and echo incoming bytes." +"Let's write a small program using our driver to write to the serial console, and echo " +"incoming bytes." msgstr "使用驱动程序编写一个小程序，将数据写入串行控制台，并回显传入的字节。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "/// Base address of the primary PL011 UART.\n" -msgstr "/// Base address of the primary PL011 UART.\n" +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md:19 src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md:18 +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:33 +msgid "/// Base address of the primary PL011 UART." +msgstr "/// 主 PL011 UART 的基地址。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md:25 src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md:24 +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:44 msgid "" -"// Safe because `PL011_BASE_ADDRESS` is the base address of a PL011 device,\n" -" // and nothing else accesses that address range.\n" +"// SAFETY: `PL011_BASE_ADDRESS` is the base address of a PL011 device, and // nothing " +"else accesses that address range." msgstr "" -"// Safe because `PL011_BASE_ADDRESS` is the base address of a PL011 device,\n" -" // and nothing else accesses that address range.\n" +"// 安全性：`PL011_BASE_ADDRESS` 是 PL011 设备的基地址，没有其他东西访问该地址范围。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md:29 src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md:29 msgid "\"main({x0:#x}, {x1:#x}, {x2:#x}, {x3:#x})\"" msgstr "\"main({x0:#x}, {x1:#x}, {x2:#x}, {x3:#x})\"" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md:35 msgid "b'\\r'" msgstr "b'\\r'" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md:36 +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/cancellation.md:27 msgid "b'\\n'" msgstr "b'\\n'" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md:38 msgid "b'q'" msgstr "b'q'" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md:44 msgid "\"Bye!\"" msgstr "\"Bye!\"" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md:51 msgid "" -"As in the [inline assembly](../inline-assembly.md) example, this `main` " -"function is called from our entry point code in `entry.S`. See the speaker " -"notes there for details." +"As in the inline assembly example, this `main` function is called from our entry point " +"code in `entry.S`. See the speaker notes there for details." msgstr "" -"与 [内嵌汇编](../inline-assembly.md) 示例一样，从 `entry.S` 中的入口点代码调" -"用此 `main` 函数。如需了解详情，请参阅演讲者备注。" +"与内联汇编示例一样，此 `main` 函数是从我们的入口点代码 `entry.S` 中调用的。有关详细信息，" +"请参阅那里的讲稿备注。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md -msgid "" -"Run the example in QEMU with `make qemu` under `src/bare-metal/aps/examples`." -msgstr "" -"在 QEMU 中，使用 `src/bare-metal/aps/examples` 目录下的 `make qemu` 运行该示" -"例。" +#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md:54 +msgid "Run the example in QEMU with `make qemu` under `src/bare-metal/aps/examples`." +msgstr "在 QEMU 中，使用 `src/bare-metal/aps/examples` 目录下的 `make qemu` 运行该示例。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging.md:3 msgid "" -"It would be nice to be able to use the logging macros from the [`log`]" -"(https://crates.io/crates/log) crate. We can do this by implementing the " -"`Log` trait." -msgstr "" -"最好能够使用 [`log`](https://crates.io/crates/log) crate 中的日志记录宏。可以" -"通过实现“Log”trait 来做到这一点。" +"It would be nice to be able to use the logging macros from the `log` crate. We can do " +"this by implementing the `Log` trait." +msgstr "通过实现 `Log` trait，我们可以很好地使用 `log` crate 中的日志宏。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "\"[{}] {}\"" -msgstr "\"[{}] {}\"" +#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging.md:26 +msgid "\"\\[{}\\] {}\"" +msgstr "“\\[{}\\] {}”" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "/// Initialises UART logger.\n" -msgstr "/// Initialises UART logger.\n" +#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging.md:35 +msgid "/// Initialises UART logger." +msgstr "/// 初始化 UART 记录器。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging.md:48 msgid "" -"The unwrap in `log` is safe because we initialise `LOGGER` before calling " -"`set_logger`." -msgstr "" -"使用 `log` 进行解封装是安全的，因为我们会在调用 `set_logger` 之前初始化 " -"`LOGGER`。" +"The unwrap in `log` is safe because we initialise `LOGGER` before calling `set_logger`." +msgstr "使用 `log` 进行解封装是安全的，因为我们会在调用 `set_logger` 之前初始化 `LOGGER`。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md:3 msgid "We need to initialise the logger before we use it." msgstr "需要先初始化日志记录器，然后才能使用它。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md:38 +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:115 msgid "\"{info}\"" msgstr "\"{info}\"" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md:46 msgid "Note that our panic handler can now log details of panics." msgstr "请注意，panic 紧急处理程序现在可以记录各类 panic 详细信息。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md:47 msgid "" -"Run the example in QEMU with `make qemu_logger` under `src/bare-metal/aps/" -"examples`." +"Run the example in QEMU with `make qemu_logger` under `src/bare-metal/aps/examples`." msgstr "" -"在 QEMU 中，使用 `src/bare-metal/aps/examples` 目录下的 `make qemu_logger` 运" -"行该示例。" +"在 QEMU 中，使用 `src/bare-metal/aps/examples` 目录下的 `make qemu_logger` 运行该示例。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md:3 msgid "" -"AArch64 defines an exception vector table with 16 entries, for 4 types of " -"exceptions (synchronous, IRQ, FIQ, SError) from 4 states (current EL with " -"SP0, current EL with SPx, lower EL using AArch64, lower EL using AArch32). " -"We implement this in assembly to save volatile registers to the stack before " -"calling into Rust code:" +"AArch64 defines an exception vector table with 16 entries, for 4 types of exceptions " +"(synchronous, IRQ, FIQ, SError) from 4 states (current EL with SP0, current EL with SPx, " +"lower EL using AArch64, lower EL using AArch32). We implement this in assembly to save " +"volatile registers to the stack before calling into Rust code:" msgstr "" -"AArch64 定义了一个包含 16 个条目的异常矢量表，适用于处理 4 种状态（当前 EL 使" -"用 SP0，当前 EL 使用 SPx，较低 EL 使用 AArch64，较低 EL 使用 AArch32）下的 4 " -"种异常（同步、IRQ、FIQ、SError）。可以通过汇编方式实现这一操作，以便在调用 " -"Rust 代码之前将易失性寄存器保存到堆栈：" +"AArch64 定义了一个包含 16 个条目的异常矢量表，适用于处理 4 种状态（当前 EL 使用 SP0，当" +"前 EL 使用 SPx，较低 EL 使用 AArch64，较低 EL 使用 AArch32）下的 4 种异常（同步、IRQ、" +"FIQ、SError）。可以通过汇编方式实现这一操作，以便在调用 Rust 代码之前将易失性寄存器保存到" +"堆栈：" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md:67 msgid "EL is exception level; all our examples this afternoon run in EL1." msgstr "EL 指异常级别；我们今天下午的所有示例都在 EL1 级别下运行。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md:68 msgid "" -"For simplicity we aren't distinguishing between SP0 and SPx for the current " -"EL exceptions, or between AArch32 and AArch64 for the lower EL exceptions." +"For simplicity we aren't distinguishing between SP0 and SPx for the current EL " +"exceptions, or between AArch32 and AArch64 for the lower EL exceptions." msgstr "" -"为简单起见，我们没有区分当前 EL 异常中的 SP0 和 SPx，也没有区分较低 EL 异常中" -"的 AArch32 和 AArch64。" +"为简单起见，我们没有区分当前 EL 异常中的 SP0 和 SPx，也没有区分较低 EL 异常中的 AArch32 " +"和 AArch64。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md:70 msgid "" -"For this example we just log the exception and power down, as we don't " -"expect any of them to actually happen." +"For this example we just log the exception and power down, as we don't expect any of " +"them to actually happen." msgstr "在本示例中，只需记录异常并进行关机操作，因为预计不会发生任何此类异常。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md:72 msgid "" -"We can think of exception handlers and our main execution context more or " -"less like different threads. [`Send` and `Sync`](../../concurrency/send-sync." -"md) will control what we can share between them, just like with threads. For " -"example, if we want to share some value between exception handlers and the " -"rest of the program, and it's `Send` but not `Sync`, then we'll need to wrap " -"it in something like a `Mutex` and put it in a static." +"We can think of exception handlers and our main execution context more or less like " +"different threads. `Send` and `Sync` will control what we can share between them, just " +"like with threads. For example, if we want to share some value between exception " +"handlers and the rest of the program, and it's `Send` but not `Sync`, then we'll need to " +"wrap it in something like a `Mutex` and put it in a static." msgstr "" -"我们可以将异常处理程序和主执行上下文视为不同的线程。通过 [`Send` 和 `Sync`]" -"(../../concurrency/send-sync.md) 控制它们之间可以共享的内容，就像使用线程进行" -"共享一样。例如，如果想在异常处理程序和程序的其余部分之间共享某个值，并且使用 " -"`Send` 而非 `Sync`，则需要将该值封装在诸如 `Mutex` 之类的内容中，并放入静态变" -"量。" +"我们可以将异常处理程序和主执行上下文大致视为不同的线程。 `Send` 和 `Sync` 将控制我们可以" +"在它们之间共享的内容，就像在线程中一样。例如，如果我们想在异常处理程序和程序的其余部分之" +"间共享某个值，并且它是 `Send` 但不是 `Sync`，那么我们将需要将其封装在类似 `Mutex` 的东西" +"中，并将其放入静态变量中。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md -msgid "[oreboot](https://github.com/oreboot/oreboot)" -msgstr "[oreboot](https://github.com/oreboot/oreboot)" +#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md:3 +msgid "oreboot" +msgstr "oreboot" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md:4 msgid "\"coreboot without the C\"" msgstr "\"coreboot without the C\"" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md:5 msgid "Supports x86, aarch64 and RISC-V." msgstr "支持 x86、aarch64 和 RISC-V。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md:6 msgid "Relies on LinuxBoot rather than having many drivers itself." msgstr "依赖于 LinuxBoot，而不是许多驱动程序本身。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md -msgid "" -"[Rust RaspberryPi OS tutorial](https://github.com/rust-embedded/rust-" -"raspberrypi-OS-tutorials)" -msgstr "" -"[Rust RaspberryPi 操作系统教程](https://github.com/rust-embedded/rust-" -"raspberrypi-OS-tutorials)" +#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md:7 +msgid "Rust RaspberryPi OS tutorial" +msgstr "Rust RaspberryPi OS 教程" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md:8 msgid "" -"Initialisation, UART driver, simple bootloader, JTAG, exception levels, " -"exception handling, page tables" -msgstr "" -"初始化、UART 驱动程序、简单引导加载程序、JTAG、异常级别、异常处理、分页表" +"Initialisation, UART driver, simple bootloader, JTAG, exception levels, exception " +"handling, page tables" +msgstr "初始化、UART 驱动程序、简单引导加载程序、JTAG、异常级别、异常处理、分页表" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md:10 msgid "" -"Some dodginess around cache maintenance and initialisation in Rust, not " -"necessarily a good example to copy for production code." -msgstr "" -"在 Rust 中，有些用于处理缓存维护和初始化的方法并不安全，不适宜照搬到正式版代" -"码中。" +"Some dodginess around cache maintenance and initialisation in Rust, not necessarily a " +"good example to copy for production code." +msgstr "在 Rust 中，有些用于处理缓存维护和初始化的方法并不安全，不适宜照搬到正式版代码中。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md -msgid "[`cargo-call-stack`](https://crates.io/crates/cargo-call-stack)" -msgstr "[`cargo-call-stack`](https://crates.io/crates/cargo-call-stack)" +#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md:12 +msgid "`cargo-call-stack`" +msgstr "`cargo-call-stack`" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md:13 msgid "Static analysis to determine maximum stack usage." msgstr "使用静态分析来确定堆栈用量上限。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md:17 msgid "" -"The RaspberryPi OS tutorial runs Rust code before the MMU and caches are " -"enabled. This will read and write memory (e.g. the stack). However:" +"The RaspberryPi OS tutorial runs Rust code before the MMU and caches are enabled. This " +"will read and write memory (e.g. the stack). However:" msgstr "" -"在 RaspberryPi 操作系统教程中，先运行 Rust 代码然后启用 MMU 和缓存。此操作会" -"读取和写入内存（例如堆栈）。不过：" +"在 RaspberryPi 操作系统教程中，先运行 Rust 代码然后启用 MMU 和缓存。此操作会读取和写入内" +"存（例如堆栈）。不过：" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md:19 msgid "" -"Without the MMU and cache, unaligned accesses will fault. It builds with " -"`aarch64-unknown-none` which sets `+strict-align` to prevent the compiler " -"generating unaligned accesses so it should be alright, but this is not " -"necessarily the case in general." +"Without the MMU and cache, unaligned accesses will fault. It builds with `aarch64-" +"unknown-none` which sets `+strict-align` to prevent the compiler generating unaligned " +"accesses so it should be alright, but this is not necessarily the case in general." msgstr "" -"如果不启用 MMU 和缓存，非对齐访问将会出错。它使用 `aarch64-unknown-none` 进行" -"构建，后者会设置 `+strict-align` 以防止编译器生成非对齐访问，因此应该没有问" -"题，但一般情况下并不一定如此。" +"如果不启用 MMU 和缓存，非对齐访问将会出错。它使用 `aarch64-unknown-none` 进行构建，后者会" +"设置 `+strict-align` 以防止编译器生成非对齐访问，因此应该没有问题，但一般情况下并不一定如" +"此。" -#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md +#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md:23 msgid "" -"If it were running in a VM, this can lead to cache coherency issues. The " -"problem is that the VM is accessing memory directly with the cache disabled, " -"while the host has cacheable aliases to the same memory. Even if the host " -"doesn't explicitly access the memory, speculative accesses can lead to cache " -"fills, and then changes from one or the other will get lost. Again this is " -"alright in this particular case (running directly on the hardware with no " -"hypervisor), but isn't a good pattern in general." +"If it were running in a VM, this can lead to cache coherency issues. The problem is that " +"the VM is accessing memory directly with the cache disabled, while the host has " +"cacheable aliases to the same memory. Even if the host doesn't explicitly access the " +"memory, speculative accesses can lead to cache fills, and then changes from one or the " +"other will get lost. Again this is alright in this particular case (running directly on " +"the hardware with no hypervisor), but isn't a good pattern in general." msgstr "" -"如果是在虚拟机中运行该命令，可能会导致缓存一致性问题。问题在于，虚拟机是在禁" -"用缓存的情况下直接访问内存，而主机具有同一内存的缓存别名。即使主机并没有明确" -"访问该内存，推测性访问仍然会导致缓存被填充，然后任何一方对于该内存进行的更改" -"就会丢失。再次强调，尽管在此特定示例中（即在硬件上直接运行且无 Hypervisor）这" -"种做法是可行的，但总的来说，这并非一种良好策略。" +"如果是在虚拟机中运行该命令，可能会导致缓存一致性问题。问题在于，虚拟机是在禁用缓存的情况" +"下直接访问内存，而主机具有同一内存的缓存别名。即使主机并没有明确访问该内存，推测性访问仍" +"然会导致缓存被填充，然后任何一方对于该内存进行的更改就会丢失。再次强调，尽管在此特定示例" +"中（即在硬件上直接运行且无 Hypervisor）这种做法是可行的，但总的来说，这并非一种良好策略。" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates.md -#, fuzzy msgid "Useful crates" msgstr "有用的 crate" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates.md msgid "" -"We'll go over a few crates which solve some common problems in bare-metal " -"programming." +"We'll go over a few crates which solve some common problems in bare-metal programming." msgstr "接下来介绍几个 crate，用于解决裸机编程中的一些常见问题。" -#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md +#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md:3 msgid "" -"The [`zerocopy`](https://docs.rs/zerocopy/) crate (from Fuchsia) provides " -"traits and macros for safely converting between byte sequences and other " -"types." +"The `zerocopy` crate (from Fuchsia) provides traits and macros for safely converting " +"between byte sequences and other types." msgstr "" -"[`zerocopy`](https://docs.rs/zerocopy/) crate（源自 Fuchsia）提供了 trait 和" -"宏，用于确保在字节序列和其他类型之间进行安全转换。" +"`zerocopy` crate（源自 Fuchsia）提供了 trait 和宏，用于确保在字节序列和其他类型之间进行安" +"全转换。" -#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md +#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md:42 msgid "" -"This is not suitable for MMIO (as it doesn't use volatile reads and writes), " -"but can be useful for working with structures shared with hardware e.g. by " -"DMA, or sent over some external interface." +"This is not suitable for MMIO (as it doesn't use volatile reads and writes), but can be " +"useful for working with structures shared with hardware e.g. by DMA, or sent over some " +"external interface." msgstr "" -"这不适用于 MMIO（因为它不使用易失性读取和写入），但在与硬件共享的结构（例如通" -"过 DMA 传输或发送到外部接口）中进行操作时会很有用。" +"这不适用于 MMIO（因为它不使用易失性读取和写入），但在与硬件共享的结构（例如通过 DMA 传输" +"或发送到外部接口）中进行操作时会很有用。" -#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md +#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md:48 msgid "" -"`FromBytes` can be implemented for types for which any byte pattern is " -"valid, and so can safely be converted from an untrusted sequence of bytes." +"`FromBytes` can be implemented for types for which any byte pattern is valid, and so can " +"safely be converted from an untrusted sequence of bytes." msgstr "" -"对于可以接受任何字节模式的类型，都可以实现 `FromBytes`方法，因此可以对不受信" -"任的字节序列进行安全转换。" +"对于可以接受任何字节模式的类型，都可以实现 `FromBytes`方法，因此可以对不受信任的字节序列" +"进行安全转换。" -#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md +#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md:50 msgid "" -"Attempting to derive `FromBytes` for these types would fail, because " -"`RequestType` doesn't use all possible u32 values as discriminants, so not " -"all byte patterns are valid." +"Attempting to derive `FromBytes` for these types would fail, because `RequestType` " +"doesn't use all possible u32 values as discriminants, so not all byte patterns are valid." msgstr "" -"如果尝试为这些类型派生 `FromBytes`，都将会失败，因为 `RequestType` 不会将所有" -"可能的 u32 值用作判别标识，所以并非所有的字节模式都有效。" +"如果尝试为这些类型派生 `FromBytes`，都将会失败，因为 `RequestType` 不会将所有可能的 u32 " +"值用作判别标识，所以并非所有的字节模式都有效。" -#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md -msgid "" -"`zerocopy::byteorder` has types for byte-order aware numeric primitives." +#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md:53 +msgid "`zerocopy::byteorder` has types for byte-order aware numeric primitives." msgstr "`zerocopy::byteorder` 提供了适用于字节顺序感知的数字基元类型。" -#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md +#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md:54 msgid "" -"Run the example with `cargo run` under `src/bare-metal/useful-crates/" -"zerocopy-example/`. (It won't run in the Playground because of the crate " -"dependency.)" +"Run the example with `cargo run` under `src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy-example/`. " +"(It won't run in the Playground because of the crate dependency.)" msgstr "" -"使用 `src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy-example/` 目录下的 `cargo run` 运" -"行该示例。（由于存在 crate 依赖项，无法在 Playground 中运行该示例。）" +"使用 `src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy-example/` 目录下的 `cargo run` 运行该示例。" +"（由于存在 crate 依赖项，无法在 Playground 中运行该示例。）" -#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md +#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md:3 msgid "" -"The [`aarch64-paging`](https://crates.io/crates/aarch64-paging) crate lets " -"you create page tables according to the AArch64 Virtual Memory System " -"Architecture." -msgstr "" -"借助 [`aarch64-paging`](https://crates.io/crates/aarch64-paging) crate，您可" -"根据 AArch64 虚拟内存系统架构创建分页表。" +"The `aarch64-paging` crate lets you create page tables according to the AArch64 Virtual " +"Memory System Architecture." +msgstr "借助 `aarch64-paging` crate，您可根据 AArch64 虚拟内存系统架构创建分页表。" -#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md:14 msgid "// Create a new page table with identity mapping." -msgstr "// Create a new page table with identity mapping.\n" +msgstr "// 使用身份映射创建一个新的页表。" -#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md:16 msgid "// Map a 2 MiB region of memory as read-only." -msgstr "// Map a 2 MiB region of memory as read-only.\n" +msgstr "// 将一个 2 MiB 的内存区域映射为只读。" -#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md:21 msgid "// Set `TTBR0_EL1` to activate the page table." -msgstr "// Set `TTBR0_EL1` to activate the page table.\n" +msgstr "// 将 `TTBR0_EL1` 设置为激活页表。" -#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md +#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md:28 msgid "" -"For now it only supports EL1, but support for other exception levels should " -"be straightforward to add." +"For now it only supports EL1, but support for other exception levels should be " +"straightforward to add." msgstr "目前，该方法仅支持 EL1 级别，但也可以直接添加对其他异常级别的支持。" -#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md -msgid "" -"This is used in Android for the [Protected VM Firmware](https://cs.android." -"com/android/platform/superproject/+/master:packages/modules/Virtualization/" -"pvmfw/)." -msgstr "" -"在 Android 中，该方法适用于 [受保护的虚拟机固件](https://cs.android.com/" -"android/platform/superproject/+/master:packages/modules/Virtualization/" -"pvmfw/)。" +#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md:30 +msgid "This is used in Android for the Protected VM Firmware." +msgstr "这在 Android 中用于受保护的虚拟机固件（Protected VM Firmware）。" -#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md +#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md:31 msgid "" -"There's no easy way to run this example, as it needs to run on real hardware " -"or under QEMU." -msgstr "" -"由于此示例需要在真实硬件上或在 QEMU 中运行，因此没有简单的运行方法可用。" +"There's no easy way to run this example, as it needs to run on real hardware or under " +"QEMU." +msgstr "由于此示例需要在真实硬件上或在 QEMU 中运行，因此没有简单的运行方法可用。" -#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/buddy_system_allocator.md +#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/buddy_system_allocator.md:3 msgid "" -"[`buddy_system_allocator`](https://crates.io/crates/buddy_system_allocator) " -"is a third-party crate implementing a basic buddy system allocator. It can " -"be used both for [`LockedHeap`](https://docs.rs/buddy_system_allocator/0.9.0/" -"buddy_system_allocator/struct.LockedHeap.html) implementing [`GlobalAlloc`]" -"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/core/alloc/trait.GlobalAlloc.html) so you can use " -"the standard `alloc` crate (as we saw [before](../alloc.md)), or for " -"allocating other address space. For example, we might want to allocate MMIO " -"space for PCI BARs:" +"`buddy_system_allocator` is a third-party crate implementing a basic buddy system " +"allocator. It can be used both for `LockedHeap` implementing `GlobalAlloc` so you can " +"use the standard `alloc` crate (as we saw before), or for allocating other address " +"space. For example, we might want to allocate MMIO space for PCI BARs:" msgstr "" -"[`buddy_system_allocator`](https://crates.io/crates/buddy_system_allocator) " -"是第三方 crate，用于实现基本伙伴系统分配器。同时，也可将其用于 [`LockedHeap`]" -"(https://docs.rs/buddy_system_allocator/0.9.0/buddy_system_allocator/struct." -"LockedHeap.html) 以实现 [`GlobalAlloc`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/core/alloc/" -"trait.GlobalAlloc.html)，这样便可以使用标准的 `alloc` crate（正如在 [之前部" -"分](../alloc.md) 中所示），或者用于分配其他地址空间。例如，我们可能需要为 " -"PCI BAR 分配 MMIO 空间：" +"`buddy_system_allocator` 是一个第三方 crate，实现了基本的伙伴系统分配器。它可以用于实现 " +"`GlobalAlloc` 的 `LockedHeap`，因此您可以使用标准的 `alloc` crate（正如我们之前所见），也" +"可以用于分配其他地址空间。例如，我们可能想为 PCI BARs 分配 MMIO 空间：" -#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/buddy_system_allocator.md +#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/buddy_system_allocator.md:29 msgid "PCI BARs always have alignment equal to their size." msgstr "PCI BAR 的对齐方式始终与其大小相等。" -#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/buddy_system_allocator.md +#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/buddy_system_allocator.md:30 msgid "" -"Run the example with `cargo run` under `src/bare-metal/useful-crates/" -"allocator-example/`. (It won't run in the Playground because of the crate " -"dependency.)" +"Run the example with `cargo run` under `src/bare-metal/useful-crates/allocator-example/" +"`. (It won't run in the Playground because of the crate dependency.)" msgstr "" -"使用 `src/bare-metal/useful-crates/allocator-example/` 目录下的 `cargo run` " -"运行该示例。（由于存在 crate 依赖项，无法在 Playground 中运行该示例。）" +"使用 `src/bare-metal/useful-crates/allocator-example/` 目录下的 `cargo run` 运行该示例。" +"（由于存在 crate 依赖项，无法在 Playground 中运行该示例。）" -#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/tinyvec.md +#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/tinyvec.md:3 msgid "" -"Sometimes you want something which can be resized like a `Vec`, but without " -"heap allocation. [`tinyvec`](https://crates.io/crates/tinyvec) provides " -"this: a vector backed by an array or slice, which could be statically " -"allocated or on the stack, which keeps track of how many elements are used " +"Sometimes you want something which can be resized like a `Vec`, but without heap " +"allocation. `tinyvec` provides this: a vector backed by an array or slice, which could " +"be statically allocated or on the stack, which keeps track of how many elements are used " "and panics if you try to use more than are allocated." msgstr "" -"有时，需要一些像 `Vec` 一样能够调整大小的特性，但无需进行堆分配。[`tinyvec`]" -"(https://crates.io/crates/tinyvec) 提供了以下特性：由数组或 slice 支持的矢" -"量，该矢量支持进行静态分配或堆分配；用于跟踪使用的元素数量，如果元素使用量超" -"过了分配额度，则会出现 panic。" +"有时候你希望像 `Vec` 那样可以调整大小，但不需要堆分配。`tinyvec` 提供了这个功能：一个由数" +"组或切片支持的向量，可以静态分配或放在堆栈上，它会跟踪使用了多少元素，并在尝试使用超出分" +"配的元素时引发 panic。" -#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/tinyvec.md -msgid "" -"`tinyvec` requires that the element type implement `Default` for " -"initialisation." +#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/tinyvec.md:25 +msgid "`tinyvec` requires that the element type implement `Default` for initialisation." msgstr "根据 `tinyvec`要求，元素类型需实现初始化 `Default`。" -#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/tinyvec.md -msgid "" -"The Rust Playground includes `tinyvec`, so this example will run fine inline." +#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/tinyvec.md:27 +msgid "The Rust Playground includes `tinyvec`, so this example will run fine inline." msgstr "Rust Playground 中包含 `tinyvec`，因此本示例将以内嵌方式正常运行。" -#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md +#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md:3 msgid "" -"`std::sync::Mutex` and the other synchronisation primitives from `std::sync` " -"are not available in `core` or `alloc`. How can we manage synchronisation or " -"interior mutability, such as for sharing state between different CPUs?" +"`std::sync::Mutex` and the other synchronisation primitives from `std::sync` are not " +"available in `core` or `alloc`. How can we manage synchronisation or interior " +"mutability, such as for sharing state between different CPUs?" msgstr "" -"在 `core` 或 `alloc` 中无法使用 `std::sync::Mutex` 和 `std::sync` 中的其他同" -"步基元。那么该如何管理同步或内部可变性，例如在不同 CPU 之间共享状态？" +"在 `core` 或 `alloc` 中无法使用 `std::sync::Mutex` 和 `std::sync` 中的其他同步基元。那么" +"该如何管理同步或内部可变性，例如在不同 CPU 之间共享状态？" -#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md -msgid "" -"The [`spin`](https://crates.io/crates/spin) crate provides spinlock-based " -"equivalents of many of these primitives." -msgstr "" -"[`spin`](https://crates.io/crates/spin) crate 为许多基元提供了基于自旋锁的等" -"效方法。" +#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md:7 +msgid "The `spin` crate provides spinlock-based equivalents of many of these primitives." +msgstr "`spin` crate 提供了基于自旋锁的许多类似原语的实现。" -#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md +#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md:26 msgid "Be careful to avoid deadlock if you take locks in interrupt handlers." msgstr "在中断处理程序中进行锁定操作时，请注意避免出现死锁的情况。" -#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md:27 msgid "" -"`spin` also has a ticket lock mutex implementation; equivalents of `RwLock`, " -"`Barrier` and `Once` from `std::sync`; and `Lazy` for lazy initialisation." +"`spin` also has a ticket lock mutex implementation; equivalents of `RwLock`, `Barrier` " +"and `Once` from `std::sync`; and `Lazy` for lazy initialisation." msgstr "" -"`spin` 还提供了一种票卡锁互斥实现，等同于 `std::sync` 中的 `RwLock`、" -"`Barrier` 和 `Once`，以及用于用于延迟初始化的 `Lazy`。" +"`spin` 还具有票据锁互斥量实现；与 `std::sync` 中的 `RwLock`、`Barrier` 和 `Once` 类似的功" +"能；以及用于延迟初始化的 `Lazy`。" -#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md +#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md:29 msgid "" -"The [`once_cell`](https://crates.io/crates/once_cell) crate also has some " -"useful types for late initialisation with a slightly different approach to " -"`spin::once::Once`." +"The `once_cell` crate also has some useful types for late initialisation with a slightly " +"different approach to `spin::once::Once`." msgstr "" -"[`once_cell`](https://crates.io/crates/once_cell) crate 也提供了一些适用于延" -"迟初始化的实用类型，它们与 `spin::once::Once` 所用方法略有不同。" +"`once_cell` crate 也具有一些有用的类型，用于延迟初始化，其方法与 `spin::once::Once` 略有" +"不同。" -#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md -msgid "" -"The Rust Playground includes `spin`, so this example will run fine inline." +#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md:31 +msgid "The Rust Playground includes `spin`, so this example will run fine inline." msgstr "Rust Playground 中包含 `spin`，因此本示例将以内嵌方式正常运行。" #: src/bare-metal/android.md msgid "" -"To build a bare-metal Rust binary in AOSP, you need to use a " -"`rust_ffi_static` Soong rule to build your Rust code, then a `cc_binary` " -"with a linker script to produce the binary itself, and then a `raw_binary` " -"to convert the ELF to a raw binary ready to be run." +"To build a bare-metal Rust binary in AOSP, you need to use a `rust_ffi_static` Soong " +"rule to build your Rust code, then a `cc_binary` with a linker script to produce the " +"binary itself, and then a `raw_binary` to convert the ELF to a raw binary ready to be " +"run." msgstr "" -"如需在 AOSP 中构建裸机 Rust 二进制文件，应使用 `rust_ffi_static` Soong 规则来" -"构建 Rust 代码，然后通过 `cc_binary` 和链接器脚本生成二进制文件本身，再使用 " -"`raw_binary` 将 ELF 转换为可以正常运行的原始二进制文件。" +"如需在 AOSP 中构建裸机 Rust 二进制文件，应使用 `rust_ffi_static` Soong 规则来构建 Rust 代" +"码，然后通过 `cc_binary` 和链接器脚本生成二进制文件本身，再使用 `raw_binary` 将 ELF 转换" +"为可以正常运行的原始二进制文件。" -#: src/bare-metal/android/vmbase.md +#: src/bare-metal/android/vmbase.md:1 msgid "vmbase" msgstr "vmbase" -#: src/bare-metal/android/vmbase.md +#: src/bare-metal/android/vmbase.md:3 msgid "" -"For VMs running under crosvm on aarch64, the [vmbase](https://android." -"googlesource.com/platform/packages/modules/Virtualization/+/refs/heads/" -"master/vmbase/) library provides a linker script and useful defaults for the " -"build rules, along with an entry point, UART console logging and more." +"For VMs running under crosvm on aarch64, the vmbase library provides a linker script and " +"useful defaults for the build rules, along with an entry point, UART console logging and " +"more." msgstr "" -"对于在 aarch64 上使用 crosvm 运行的虚拟机，[vmbase](https://android." -"googlesource.com/platform/packages/modules/Virtualization/+/refs/heads/" -"master/vmbase/) 库提供了链接器脚本和实用的默认构建规则，以及入口点、UART 控制" -"台日志记录等功能。" +"对于在 aarch64 上运行在 crosvm 下的虚拟机，vmbase 库提供了链接器脚本和有用的默认构建规" +"则，以及入口点、UART 控制台日志记录等功能。" -#: src/bare-metal/android/vmbase.md +#: src/bare-metal/android/vmbase.md:24 msgid "" -"The `main!` macro marks your main function, to be called from the `vmbase` " -"entry point." +"The `main!` macro marks your main function, to be called from the `vmbase` entry point." msgstr "`main!` 宏用于标记需从 `vmbase` 入口点调用的 main 函数。" -#: src/bare-metal/android/vmbase.md +#: src/bare-metal/android/vmbase.md:26 msgid "" -"The `vmbase` entry point handles console initialisation, and issues a " -"PSCI_SYSTEM_OFF to shutdown the VM if your main function returns." +"The `vmbase` entry point handles console initialisation, and issues a PSCI_SYSTEM_OFF to " +"shutdown the VM if your main function returns." msgstr "" -"`vmbase` 入口点用于处理控制台初始化，并在 main 函数返回时发送 " -"PSCI_SYSTEM_OFF 命令以关闭虚拟机。" +"`vmbase` 入口点用于处理控制台初始化，并在 main 函数返回时发送 PSCI_SYSTEM_OFF 命令以关闭" +"虚拟机。" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/afternoon.md msgid "We will write a driver for the PL031 real-time clock device." msgstr "我们将为 PL031 实时时钟设备编写驱动程序。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/afternoon.md src/exercises/concurrency/afternoon.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"After looking at the exercises, you can look at the [solutions](solutions-" -"afternoon.md) provided." -msgstr "读完习题后，可以阅读本书提供的 \\[题解\\]。" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md:1 src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:3 msgid "RTC driver" msgstr "RTC 驱动程序" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md:3 msgid "" -"The QEMU aarch64 virt machine has a [PL031](https://developer.arm.com/" -"documentation/ddi0224/c) real-time clock at 0x9010000. For this exercise, " -"you should write a driver for it." +"The QEMU aarch64 virt machine has a PL031 real-time clock at 0x9010000. For this " +"exercise, you should write a driver for it." msgstr "" -"QEMU aarch64 虚拟机在 0x9010000 地址处 配备了 [PL031](https://developer.arm." -"com/documentation/ddi0224/c) 实时时钟。对于本练习，应该为其编写驱动程序。" +"QEMU 的 aarch64 virt 机器在地址 0x9010000 处有一个 PL031 实时时钟。为了这个练习，您应该为" +"它编写一个驱动程序。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md:6 msgid "" -"Use it to print the current time to the serial console. You can use the " -"[`chrono`](https://crates.io/crates/chrono) crate for date/time formatting." -msgstr "" -"使用该时钟可将当前时间输出到串行控制台。您可以使用 [`chrono`](https://crates." -"io/crates/chrono) crate 设置日期/时间格式。" +"Use it to print the current time to the serial console. You can use the `chrono` crate " +"for date/time formatting." +msgstr "使用`chrono` crate对日期/时间进行格式化，然后将当前时间打印到串行控制台。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md:8 msgid "" -"Use the match register and raw interrupt status to busy-wait until a given " -"time, e.g. 3 seconds in the future. (Call [`core::hint::spin_loop`](https://" -"doc.rust-lang.org/core/hint/fn.spin_loop.html) inside the loop.)" +"Use the match register and raw interrupt status to busy-wait until a given time, e.g. 3 " +"seconds in the future. (Call `core::hint::spin_loop` inside the loop.)" msgstr "" -"通过匹配寄存器和原始中断状态，使得系统在某段指定的时间内一直进行繁忙等待（例" -"如 3 秒后）。（在循环操作中调用 [`core::hint::spin_loop`](https://doc.rust-" -"lang.org/core/hint/fn.spin_loop.html)。）" +"使用匹配寄存器和原始中断状态来忙等待直到给定的时间，例如未来的3秒钟。（在循环内调用" +"`core::hint::spin_loop`。)" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md:11 msgid "" -"_Extension if you have time:_ Enable and handle the interrupt generated by " -"the RTC match. You can use the driver provided in the [`arm-gic`](https://" -"docs.rs/arm-gic/) crate to configure the Arm Generic Interrupt Controller." +"_Extension if you have time:_ Enable and handle the interrupt generated by the RTC " +"match. You can use the driver provided in the `arm-gic` crate to configure the Arm " +"Generic Interrupt Controller." msgstr "" -"_进行扩展（如有时间）：_启用并处理由 RTC 匹配产生的中断。可以使用 [`arm-gic`]" -"(https://docs.rs/arm-gic/) crate 中提供的驱动程序来配置 Arm 通用中断控制器。" +"扩展：如果有时间的话，启用并处理由RTC匹配生成的中断。您可以使用`arm-gic` crate中提供的驱" +"动程序来配置Arm通用中断控制器。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md:14 msgid "Use the RTC interrupt, which is wired to the GIC as `IntId::spi(2)`." msgstr "请使用 RTC 中断，将其作为 `IntId::spi(2)` 连接到 GIC。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md:15 msgid "" -"Once the interrupt is enabled, you can put the core to sleep via `arm_gic::" -"wfi()`, which will cause the core to sleep until it receives an interrupt." -msgstr "" -"启用中断后，可以通过 `arm_gic::wfi()` 让核心进入休眠状态，直到它收到中断信" -"号。" +"Once the interrupt is enabled, you can put the core to sleep via `arm_gic::wfi()`, which " +"will cause the core to sleep until it receives an interrupt." +msgstr "启用中断后，可以通过 `arm_gic::wfi()` 让核心进入休眠状态，直到它收到中断信号。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md:19 msgid "" -"Download the [exercise template](../../comprehensive-rust-exercises.zip) and " -"look in the `rtc` directory for the following files." -msgstr "" -"下载 [练习模板](../../comprehensive-rust-exercises.zip) 并在 `rtc` 目录中查找" -"以下文件。" +"Download the exercise template and look in the `rtc` directory for the following files." +msgstr "下载练习模板并在 `rtc` 目录中查找以下文件。" + +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md:79 +msgid "" +"_src/exceptions.rs_ (you should only need to change this for the 3rd part of the " +"exercise):" +msgstr "_src/exceptions.rs_（只需在本练习的第 3 部分更改此项）：" + +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md:156 +msgid "_src/logger.rs_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" +msgstr "_src/logger.rs_（无需对此进行更改）：" + +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md:216 +msgid "_src/pl011.rs_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" +msgstr "_src/pl011.rs_（无需对此进行更改）：" + +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md:419 +msgid "_build.rs_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" +msgstr "_build.rs_（无需对此进行更改）：" + +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md:456 +msgid "_entry.S_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" +msgstr "_entry.S_（无需对此进行更改）：" + +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md:606 +msgid "_exceptions.S_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" +msgstr "_exceptions.S_（无需对此进行更改）：" + +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md:792 +msgid "_idmap.S_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" +msgstr "_idmap.S_（无需对此进行更改）" + +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md:842 +msgid "_image.ld_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" +msgstr "_image.ld_（无需对此进行更改）：" + +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md:954 +msgid "_Makefile_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" +msgstr "_Makefile_（无需对此进行更改）：" + +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md:1011 +msgid "Run the code in QEMU with `make qemu`." +msgstr "使用 `make qemu` 在 QEMU 中运行代码。" + +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:1 +msgid "Bare Metal Rust Afternoon" +msgstr "嵌入式 Rust：进阶篇" + +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:7 +msgid "_main.rs_:" +msgstr "_main.rs_:" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "/// Base addresses of the GICv3.\n" -msgstr "/// Base addresses of the GICv3.\n" +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:29 +msgid "/// Base addresses of the GICv3." +msgstr "/// GICv3的基地址。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:36 +msgid "/// Base address of the PL031 RTC." +msgstr "/// PL031 RTC的基地址。" + +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:38 +msgid "/// The IRQ used by the PL031 RTC." +msgstr "/// PL031 RTC使用的中断请求(IRQ)。" + +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:49 msgid "\"main({:#x}, {:#x}, {:#x}, {:#x})\"" msgstr "\"main({:#x}, {:#x}, {:#x}, {:#x})\"" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:51 msgid "" -"// Safe because `GICD_BASE_ADDRESS` and `GICR_BASE_ADDRESS` are the base\n" -" // addresses of a GICv3 distributor and redistributor respectively, and\n" -" // nothing else accesses those address ranges.\n" +"// SAFETY: `GICD_BASE_ADDRESS` and `GICR_BASE_ADDRESS` are the base // addresses of a " +"GICv3 distributor and redistributor respectively, and // nothing else accesses those " +"address ranges." msgstr "" -"// Safe because `GICD_BASE_ADDRESS` and `GICR_BASE_ADDRESS` are the base\n" -" // addresses of a GICv3 distributor and redistributor respectively, and\n" -" // nothing else accesses those address ranges.\n" +"// 安全性：`GICD_BASE_ADDRESS`和`GICR_BASE_ADDRESS`分别是GICv3分发器和重新分发器的基址，" +"并且没有其他东西访问这些地址范围。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "// TODO: Create instance of RTC driver and print current time." -msgstr "// TODO: Create instance of RTC driver and print current time.\n" +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:57 +msgid "" +"// SAFETY: `PL031_BASE_ADDRESS` is the base address of a PL031 device, and // nothing " +"else accesses that address range." +msgstr "" +"// 安全性：`PL031_BASE_ADDRESS`是一个PL031设备的基地址，并且没有其他东西访问该地址范围。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "// TODO: Wait for 3 seconds." -msgstr "// TODO: Wait for 3 seconds.\n" +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:62 +msgid "\"RTC: {time}\"" +msgstr "\"RTC: {time}\"" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "" -"_src/exceptions.rs_ (you should only need to change this for the 3rd part of " -"the exercise):" -msgstr "_src/exceptions.rs_（只需在本练习的第 3 部分更改此项）：" +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:70 +msgid "// Wait for 3 seconds, without interrupts." +msgstr "// 在没有中断的情况下等待3秒钟。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "" -"// Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" -"//\n" -"// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" -"// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" -"// You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" -"//\n" -"// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" -"//\n" -"// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" -"// distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" -"// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n" -"// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" -"// limitations under the License.\n" -msgstr "" -"// Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" -"//\n" -"// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" -"// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" -"// You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" -"//\n" -"// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" -"//\n" -"// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" -"// distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" -"// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n" -"// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" -"// limitations under the License.\n" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "\"sync_exception_current\"" -msgstr "\"sync_exception_current\"" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "\"irq_current\"" -msgstr "\"irq_current\"" +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:73 +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:91 +msgid "\"Waiting for {}\"" +msgstr "\"Waiting for {}\"" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "\"No pending interrupt\"" -msgstr "\"No pending interrupt\"" +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:75 +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:83 +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:96 +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:104 +msgid "\"matched={}, interrupt_pending={}\"" +msgstr "\"matched={}, interrupt_pending={}\"" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "\"IRQ {intid:?}\"" -msgstr "\"IRQ {intid:?}\"" +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:87 +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:108 +msgid "\"Finished waiting\"" +msgstr "\"Finished waiting\"" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "\"fiq_current\"" -msgstr "\"fiq_current\"" +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:89 +msgid "// Wait another 3 seconds for an interrupt." +msgstr "// 等待另外3秒钟以等待中断。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "\"serr_current\"" -msgstr "\"serr_current\"" +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:121 +msgid "_pl031.rs_:" +msgstr "_pl031.rs_：" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "\"sync_lower\"" -msgstr "\"sync_lower\"" +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:128 +msgid "/// Data register" +msgstr "/// 数据寄存器" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "\"irq_lower\"" -msgstr "\"irq_lower\"" +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:130 +msgid "/// Match register" +msgstr "/// 匹配寄存器" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "\"fiq_lower\"" -msgstr "\"fiq_lower\"" +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:132 +msgid "/// Load register" +msgstr "/// 装载寄存器" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "\"serr_lower\"" -msgstr "\"serr_lower\"" +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:134 +msgid "/// Control register" +msgstr "/// 控制寄存器" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "_src/logger.rs_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" -msgstr "_src/logger.rs_（无需对此进行更改）：" +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:137 +msgid "/// Interrupt Mask Set or Clear register" +msgstr "/// 中断屏蔽设置或清除寄存器" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "// ANCHOR: main\n" -msgstr "// ANCHOR: main\n" +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:140 +msgid "/// Raw Interrupt Status" +msgstr "/// 原始中断状态" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "_src/pl011.rs_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" -msgstr "_src/pl011.rs_（无需对此进行更改）：" +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:143 +msgid "/// Masked Interrupt Status" +msgstr "/// 屏蔽中断状态" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "// ANCHOR: Flags\n" -msgstr "// ANCHOR: Flags\n" +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:146 +msgid "/// Interrupt Clear Register" +msgstr "/// 中断清除寄存器" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "// ANCHOR_END: Flags\n" -msgstr "// ANCHOR_END: Flags\n" +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:150 +msgid "/// Driver for a PL031 real-time clock." +msgstr "/// PL031实时时钟的驱动程序。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:158 msgid "" -"/// Flags from the UART Receive Status Register / Error Clear Register.\n" +"/// Constructs a new instance of the RTC driver for a PL031 device at the /// given base " +"address. /// /// # Safety /// /// The given base address must point to the MMIO control " +"registers of a /// PL031 device, which must be mapped into the address space of the " +"process /// as device memory and not have any other aliases." msgstr "" -"/// Flags from the UART Receive Status Register / Error Clear Register.\n" +"/// 构造一个新的PL031设备的RTC驱动程序实例，给定基地址。 /// /// # 安全性 /// /// 给定的" +"基地址必须指向PL031设备的MMIO控制寄存器，它必须被映射到进程的地址空间作为设备内存，并且不" +"能有任何其他别名。" + +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:170 +msgid "/// Reads the current RTC value." +msgstr "/// 读取当前RTC值。" + +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:172 +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:180 +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:188 +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:199 +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:211 +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:218 +msgid "" +"// SAFETY: We know that self.registers points to the control registers // of a PL031 " +"device which is appropriately mapped." +msgstr "// 安全性：我们知道self.registers指向一个适当映射的PL031设备的控制寄存器。" + +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:177 +msgid "" +"/// Writes a match value. When the RTC value matches this then an interrupt /// will be " +"generated (if it is enabled)." +msgstr "/// 写入匹配值。当RTC值与此匹配时，将生成一个中断（如果已启用）。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "/// Framing error.\n" -msgstr "/// Framing error.\n" +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:185 +msgid "" +"/// Returns whether the match register matches the RTC value, whether or not /// the " +"interrupt is enabled." +msgstr "/// 返回匹配寄存器是否与RTC值匹配，无论中断是否已启用。" + +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:194 +msgid "" +"/// Returns whether there is currently an interrupt pending. /// /// This should be true " +"if and only if `matched` returns true and the /// interrupt is masked." +msgstr "" +"/// 返回当前是否有中断挂起。 /// /// 只有当`matched`返回true并且中断被屏蔽时，这个函数才" +"应该返回true。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "/// Parity error.\n" -msgstr "/// Parity error.\n" +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:205 +msgid "" +"/// Sets or clears the interrupt mask. /// /// When the mask is true the interrupt is " +"enabled; when it is false the /// interrupt is disabled." +msgstr "" +"/// 设置或清除中断屏蔽。 /// /// 当屏蔽为true时，中断被启用；当它为false时，中断被禁用。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "/// Break error.\n" -msgstr "/// Break error.\n" +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:216 +msgid "/// Clears a pending interrupt, if any." +msgstr "/// 清除挂起的中断，如果有的话。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "/// Overrun error.\n" -msgstr "/// Overrun error.\n" +#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md:223 +msgid "" +"// SAFETY: `Rtc` just contains a pointer to device memory, which can be // accessed from " +"any context." +msgstr "// 安全性：`Rtc`只是包含指向设备内存的指针，可以从任何上下文中访问。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "// ANCHOR: Registers\n" -msgstr "// ANCHOR: Registers\n" +#: src/concurrency/welcome.md +msgid "Welcome to Concurrency in Rust" +msgstr "欢迎了解 Rust 中的并发" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "// ANCHOR_END: Registers\n" -msgstr "// ANCHOR_END: Registers\n" +#: src/concurrency/welcome.md +msgid "Rust has full support for concurrency using OS threads with mutexes and channels." +msgstr "Rust 完全支持使用带有互斥锁和通道的操作系统线程进行并发。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md +#: src/concurrency/welcome.md msgid "" -"// ANCHOR: Uart\n" -"/// Driver for a PL011 UART.\n" +"The Rust type system plays an important role in making many concurrency bugs compile " +"time bugs. This is often referred to as _fearless concurrency_ since you can rely on the " +"compiler to ensure correctness at runtime." msgstr "" -"// ANCHOR: Uart\n" -"/// Driver for a PL011 UART.\n" +"Rust 类型系统能帮助我们把许多并发bug转换为编译期bug 发挥着重要作用。这通常称为“无畏并" +"发”，因为你可以依靠编译器来确保 运行时的正确性。" + +#: src/concurrency/welcome.md src/concurrency/welcome-async.md +msgid "" +"Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 3 hours and 20 minutes. It " +"contains:" +msgstr "包括10分钟的休息，这个会话应该持续大约3小时20分钟：" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md +#: src/concurrency/welcome.md +msgid "Rust lets us access OS concurrency toolkit: threads, sync. primitives, etc." +msgstr "Rust让我们能够访问操作系统并发工具包：线程、同步原语等。" + +#: src/concurrency/welcome.md +msgid "The type system gives us safety for concurrency without any special features." +msgstr "类型系统为我们提供了并发安全性，而无需任何特殊功能。" + +#: src/concurrency/welcome.md msgid "" -"/// Constructs a new instance of the UART driver for a PL011 device at the\n" -" /// given base address.\n" -" ///\n" -" /// # Safety\n" -" ///\n" -" /// The given base address must point to the MMIO control registers of " -"a\n" -" /// PL011 device, which must be mapped into the address space of the " -"process\n" -" /// as device memory and not have any other aliases.\n" +"The same tools that help with \"concurrent\" access in a single thread (e.g., a called " +"function that might mutate an argument or save references to it to read later) save us " +"from multi-threading issues." msgstr "" -"/// Constructs a new instance of the UART driver for a PL011 device at the\n" -" /// given base address.\n" -" ///\n" -" /// # Safety\n" -" ///\n" -" /// The given base address must point to the MMIO control registers of " -"a\n" -" /// PL011 device, which must be mapped into the address space of the " -"process\n" -" /// as device memory and not have any other aliases.\n" +"在单个线程中帮助处理“并发”访问的相同工具（例如，可能会改变参数或保存引用以供稍后读取的被" +"调用函数）也能够保护我们免受多线程问题的困扰。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "// ANCHOR_END: Uart\n" -msgstr "// ANCHOR_END: Uart\n" +#: src/concurrency/threads.md src/concurrency/shared-state.md src/concurrency/async.md +msgid "This segment should take about 30 minutes. It contains:" +msgstr "这一部分大约需要30分钟。它包含：" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "_build.rs_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" -msgstr "_build.rs_（无需对此进行更改）：" +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:3 +msgid "Rust threads work similarly to threads in other languages:" +msgstr "Rust 线程的运作方式与其他语言中的线程类似：" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "\"linux\"" -msgstr "\"linux\"" +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:12 +msgid "\"Count in thread: {i}!\"" +msgstr "\"Count in thread: {i}!\"" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "\"CROSS_COMPILE\"" -msgstr "\"CROSS_COMPILE\"" +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:18 +msgid "\"Main thread: {i}\"" +msgstr "\"Main thread: {i}\"" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "\"aarch64-linux-gnu\"" -msgstr "\"aarch64-none-elf\"" +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:24 +msgid "Threads are all daemon threads, the main thread does not wait for them." +msgstr "线程均为守护程序线程，主线程不会等待这些线程。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "\"aarch64-none-elf\"" -msgstr "\"aarch64-none-elf\"" +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:25 +msgid "Thread panics are independent of each other." +msgstr "线程紧急警报 (panic) 是彼此独立的。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "\"entry.S\"" -msgstr "\"entry.S\"" +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:26 +msgid "Panics can carry a payload, which can be unpacked with `downcast_ref`." +msgstr "紧急警报可以携带载荷，并可以使用 `downcast_ref` 对载荷进行解压缩。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "\"exceptions.S\"" -msgstr "异常" +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:31 +msgid "Rust thread APIs look not too different from e.g. C++ ones." +msgstr "Rust的线程API看起来与C++的API并没有太大的区别。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "\"idmap.S\"" -msgstr "\"idmap.S\"" +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:33 +msgid "Run the example." +msgstr "运行该示例。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "\"empty\"" -msgstr "\"empty\"" +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:34 +msgid "5ms timing is loose enough that main and spawned threads stay mostly in lockstep." +msgstr "5毫秒的时间间隔足够宽松，以至于主线程和派生线程大部分时间保持同步。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "_entry.S_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" -msgstr "_entry.S_（无需对此进行更改）：" +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:36 +msgid "Notice that the program ends before the spawned thread reaches 10!" +msgstr "请注意，在派生线程达到10之前程序已经结束了！" + +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:37 +msgid "This is because main ends the program and spawned threads do not make it persist." +msgstr "这是因为主线程结束了程序，而派生线程没有使其持续运行。" + +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:39 +msgid "Compare to pthreads/C++ std::thread/boost::thread if desired." +msgstr "如果需要的话，可以将其与pthreads/C++ std::thread/boost::thread进行比较。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:41 +msgid "How do we wait around for the spawned thread to complete?" +msgstr "我们可以使用`join`方法等待派生线程完成？" + +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:42 +msgid "`thread::spawn` returns a `JoinHandle`. Look at the docs." +msgstr "`thread::spawn`返回一个`JoinHandle`。看一下文档。" + +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:43 +msgid "`JoinHandle` has a `.join()` method that blocks." +msgstr "`JoinHandle`有一个`.join()`方法，它会阻塞当前线程。" + +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:45 msgid "" -"```armasm\n" -"/*\n" -" * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" -" *\n" -" * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" -" * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" -" * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" -" *\n" -" * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" -" *\n" -" * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" -" * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" -" * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n" -" * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" -" * limitations under the License.\n" -" */\n" -"\n" -".macro adr_l, reg:req, sym:req\n" -"\tadrp \\reg, \\sym\n" -"\tadd \\reg, \\reg, :lo12:\\sym\n" -".endm\n" -"\n" -".macro mov_i, reg:req, imm:req\n" -"\tmovz \\reg, :abs_g3:\\imm\n" -"\tmovk \\reg, :abs_g2_nc:\\imm\n" -"\tmovk \\reg, :abs_g1_nc:\\imm\n" -"\tmovk \\reg, :abs_g0_nc:\\imm\n" -".endm\n" -"\n" -".set .L_MAIR_DEV_nGnRE,\t0x04\n" -".set .L_MAIR_MEM_WBWA,\t0xff\n" -".set .Lmairval, .L_MAIR_DEV_nGnRE | (.L_MAIR_MEM_WBWA << 8)\n" -"\n" -"/* 4 KiB granule size for TTBR0_EL1. */\n" -".set .L_TCR_TG0_4KB, 0x0 << 14\n" -"/* 4 KiB granule size for TTBR1_EL1. */\n" -".set .L_TCR_TG1_4KB, 0x2 << 30\n" -"/* Disable translation table walk for TTBR1_EL1, generating a translation " -"fault instead. */\n" -".set .L_TCR_EPD1, 0x1 << 23\n" -"/* Translation table walks for TTBR0_EL1 are inner sharable. */\n" -".set .L_TCR_SH_INNER, 0x3 << 12\n" -"/*\n" -" * Translation table walks for TTBR0_EL1 are outer write-back read-allocate " -"write-allocate\n" -" * cacheable.\n" -" */\n" -".set .L_TCR_RGN_OWB, 0x1 << 10\n" -"/*\n" -" * Translation table walks for TTBR0_EL1 are inner write-back read-allocate " -"write-allocate\n" -" * cacheable.\n" -" */\n" -".set .L_TCR_RGN_IWB, 0x1 << 8\n" -"/* Size offset for TTBR0_EL1 is 2**39 bytes (512 GiB). */\n" -".set .L_TCR_T0SZ_512, 64 - 39\n" -".set .Ltcrval, .L_TCR_TG0_4KB | .L_TCR_TG1_4KB | .L_TCR_EPD1 | ." -"L_TCR_RGN_OWB\n" -".set .Ltcrval, .Ltcrval | .L_TCR_RGN_IWB | .L_TCR_SH_INNER | ." -"L_TCR_T0SZ_512\n" -"\n" -"/* Stage 1 instruction access cacheability is unaffected. */\n" -".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_I, 0x1 << 12\n" -"/* SP alignment fault if SP is not aligned to a 16 byte boundary. */\n" -".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_SA, 0x1 << 3\n" -"/* Stage 1 data access cacheability is unaffected. */\n" -".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_C, 0x1 << 2\n" -"/* EL0 and EL1 stage 1 MMU enabled. */\n" -".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_M, 0x1 << 0\n" -"/* Privileged Access Never is unchanged on taking an exception to EL1. */\n" -".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_SPAN, 0x1 << 23\n" -"/* SETEND instruction disabled at EL0 in aarch32 mode. */\n" -".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_SED, 0x1 << 8\n" -"/* Various IT instructions are disabled at EL0 in aarch32 mode. */\n" -".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_ITD, 0x1 << 7\n" -".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_RES1, (0x1 << 11) | (0x1 << 20) | (0x1 << 22) | (0x1 << " -"28) | (0x1 << 29)\n" -".set .Lsctlrval, .L_SCTLR_ELx_M | .L_SCTLR_ELx_C | .L_SCTLR_ELx_SA | ." -"L_SCTLR_EL1_ITD | .L_SCTLR_EL1_SED\n" -".set .Lsctlrval, .Lsctlrval | .L_SCTLR_ELx_I | .L_SCTLR_EL1_SPAN | ." -"L_SCTLR_EL1_RES1\n" -"\n" -"/**\n" -" * This is a generic entry point for an image. It carries out the operations " -"required to prepare the\n" -" * loaded image to be run. Specifically, it zeroes the bss section using " -"registers x25 and above,\n" -" * prepares the stack, enables floating point, and sets up the exception " -"vector. It preserves x0-x3\n" -" * for the Rust entry point, as these may contain boot parameters.\n" -" */\n" -".section .init.entry, \"ax\"\n" -".global entry\n" -"entry:\n" -"\t/* Load and apply the memory management configuration, ready to enable MMU " -"and caches. */\n" -"\tadrp x30, idmap\n" -"\tmsr ttbr0_el1, x30\n" -"\n" -"\tmov_i x30, .Lmairval\n" -"\tmsr mair_el1, x30\n" -"\n" -"\tmov_i x30, .Ltcrval\n" -"\t/* Copy the supported PA range into TCR_EL1.IPS. */\n" -"\tmrs x29, id_aa64mmfr0_el1\n" -"\tbfi x30, x29, #32, #4\n" -"\n" -"\tmsr tcr_el1, x30\n" -"\n" -"\tmov_i x30, .Lsctlrval\n" -"\n" -"\t/*\n" -"\t * Ensure everything before this point has completed, then invalidate any " -"potentially stale\n" -"\t * local TLB entries before they start being used.\n" -"\t */\n" -"\tisb\n" -"\ttlbi vmalle1\n" -"\tic iallu\n" -"\tdsb nsh\n" -"\tisb\n" -"\n" -"\t/*\n" -"\t * Configure sctlr_el1 to enable MMU and cache and don't proceed until " -"this has completed.\n" -"\t */\n" -"\tmsr sctlr_el1, x30\n" -"\tisb\n" -"\n" -"\t/* Disable trapping floating point access in EL1. */\n" -"\tmrs x30, cpacr_el1\n" -"\torr x30, x30, #(0x3 << 20)\n" -"\tmsr cpacr_el1, x30\n" -"\tisb\n" -"\n" -"\t/* Zero out the bss section. */\n" -"\tadr_l x29, bss_begin\n" -"\tadr_l x30, bss_end\n" -"0:\tcmp x29, x30\n" -"\tb.hs 1f\n" -"\tstp xzr, xzr, [x29], #16\n" -"\tb 0b\n" -"\n" -"1:\t/* Prepare the stack. */\n" -"\tadr_l x30, boot_stack_end\n" -"\tmov sp, x30\n" -"\n" -"\t/* Set up exception vector. */\n" -"\tadr x30, vector_table_el1\n" -"\tmsr vbar_el1, x30\n" -"\n" -"\t/* Call into Rust code. */\n" -"\tbl main\n" -"\n" -"\t/* Loop forever waiting for interrupts. */\n" -"2:\twfi\n" -"\tb 2b\n" -"```" +"Use `let handle = thread::spawn(...)` and later `handle.join()` to wait for the thread " +"to finish and have the program count all the way to 10." msgstr "" -"```armasm\n" -"/*\n" -" * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" -" *\n" -" * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" -" * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" -" * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" -" *\n" -" * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" -" *\n" -" * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" -" * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" -" * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n" -" * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" -" * limitations under the License.\n" -" */\n" -"\n" -".macro adr_l, reg:req, sym:req\n" -"\tadrp \\reg, \\sym\n" -"\tadd \\reg, \\reg, :lo12:\\sym\n" -".endm\n" -"\n" -".macro mov_i, reg:req, imm:req\n" -"\tmovz \\reg, :abs_g3:\\imm\n" -"\tmovk \\reg, :abs_g2_nc:\\imm\n" -"\tmovk \\reg, :abs_g1_nc:\\imm\n" -"\tmovk \\reg, :abs_g0_nc:\\imm\n" -".endm\n" -"\n" -".set .L_MAIR_DEV_nGnRE,\t0x04\n" -".set .L_MAIR_MEM_WBWA,\t0xff\n" -".set .Lmairval, .L_MAIR_DEV_nGnRE | (.L_MAIR_MEM_WBWA << 8)\n" -"\n" -"/* 4 KiB granule size for TTBR0_EL1. */\n" -".set .L_TCR_TG0_4KB, 0x0 << 14\n" -"/* 4 KiB granule size for TTBR1_EL1. */\n" -".set .L_TCR_TG1_4KB, 0x2 << 30\n" -"/* Disable translation table walk for TTBR1_EL1, generating a translation " -"fault instead. */\n" -".set .L_TCR_EPD1, 0x1 << 23\n" -"/* Translation table walks for TTBR0_EL1 are inner sharable. */\n" -".set .L_TCR_SH_INNER, 0x3 << 12\n" -"/*\n" -" * Translation table walks for TTBR0_EL1 are outer write-back read-allocate " -"write-allocate\n" -" * cacheable.\n" -" */\n" -".set .L_TCR_RGN_OWB, 0x1 << 10\n" -"/*\n" -" * Translation table walks for TTBR0_EL1 are inner write-back read-allocate " -"write-allocate\n" -" * cacheable.\n" -" */\n" -".set .L_TCR_RGN_IWB, 0x1 << 8\n" -"/* Size offset for TTBR0_EL1 is 2**39 bytes (512 GiB). */\n" -".set .L_TCR_T0SZ_512, 64 - 39\n" -".set .Ltcrval, .L_TCR_TG0_4KB | .L_TCR_TG1_4KB | .L_TCR_EPD1 | ." -"L_TCR_RGN_OWB\n" -".set .Ltcrval, .Ltcrval | .L_TCR_RGN_IWB | .L_TCR_SH_INNER | ." -"L_TCR_T0SZ_512\n" -"\n" -"/* Stage 1 instruction access cacheability is unaffected. */\n" -".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_I, 0x1 << 12\n" -"/* SP alignment fault if SP is not aligned to a 16 byte boundary. */\n" -".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_SA, 0x1 << 3\n" -"/* Stage 1 data access cacheability is unaffected. */\n" -".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_C, 0x1 << 2\n" -"/* EL0 and EL1 stage 1 MMU enabled. */\n" -".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_M, 0x1 << 0\n" -"/* Privileged Access Never is unchanged on taking an exception to EL1. */\n" -".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_SPAN, 0x1 << 23\n" -"/* SETEND instruction disabled at EL0 in aarch32 mode. */\n" -".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_SED, 0x1 << 8\n" -"/* Various IT instructions are disabled at EL0 in aarch32 mode. */\n" -".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_ITD, 0x1 << 7\n" -".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_RES1, (0x1 << 11) | (0x1 << 20) | (0x1 << 22) | (0x1 << " -"28) | (0x1 << 29)\n" -".set .Lsctlrval, .L_SCTLR_ELx_M | .L_SCTLR_ELx_C | .L_SCTLR_ELx_SA | ." -"L_SCTLR_EL1_ITD | .L_SCTLR_EL1_SED\n" -".set .Lsctlrval, .Lsctlrval | .L_SCTLR_ELx_I | .L_SCTLR_EL1_SPAN | ." -"L_SCTLR_EL1_RES1\n" -"\n" -"/**\n" -" * This is a generic entry point for an image. It carries out the operations " -"required to prepare the\n" -" * loaded image to be run. Specifically, it zeroes the bss section using " -"registers x25 and above,\n" -" * prepares the stack, enables floating point, and sets up the exception " -"vector. It preserves x0-x3\n" -" * for the Rust entry point, as these may contain boot parameters.\n" -" */\n" -".section .init.entry, \"ax\"\n" -".global entry\n" -"entry:\n" -"\t/* Load and apply the memory management configuration, ready to enable MMU " -"and caches. */\n" -"\tadrp x30, idmap\n" -"\tmsr ttbr0_el1, x30\n" -"\n" -"\tmov_i x30, .Lmairval\n" -"\tmsr mair_el1, x30\n" -"\n" -"\tmov_i x30, .Ltcrval\n" -"\t/* Copy the supported PA range into TCR_EL1.IPS. */\n" -"\tmrs x29, id_aa64mmfr0_el1\n" -"\tbfi x30, x29, #32, #4\n" -"\n" -"\tmsr tcr_el1, x30\n" -"\n" -"\tmov_i x30, .Lsctlrval\n" -"\n" -"\t/*\n" -"\t * Ensure everything before this point has completed, then invalidate any " -"potentially stale\n" -"\t * local TLB entries before they start being used.\n" -"\t */\n" -"\tisb\n" -"\ttlbi vmalle1\n" -"\tic iallu\n" -"\tdsb nsh\n" -"\tisb\n" -"\n" -"\t/*\n" -"\t * Configure sctlr_el1 to enable MMU and cache and don't proceed until " -"this has completed.\n" -"\t */\n" -"\tmsr sctlr_el1, x30\n" -"\tisb\n" -"\n" -"\t/* Disable trapping floating point access in EL1. */\n" -"\tmrs x30, cpacr_el1\n" -"\torr x30, x30, #(0x3 << 20)\n" -"\tmsr cpacr_el1, x30\n" -"\tisb\n" -"\n" -"\t/* Zero out the bss section. */\n" -"\tadr_l x29, bss_begin\n" -"\tadr_l x30, bss_end\n" -"0:\tcmp x29, x30\n" -"\tb.hs 1f\n" -"\tstp xzr, xzr, [x29], #16\n" -"\tb 0b\n" -"\n" -"1:\t/* Prepare the stack. */\n" -"\tadr_l x30, boot_stack_end\n" -"\tmov sp, x30\n" -"\n" -"\t/* Set up exception vector. */\n" -"\tadr x30, vector_table_el1\n" -"\tmsr vbar_el1, x30\n" -"\n" -"\t/* Call into Rust code. */\n" -"\tbl main\n" -"\n" -"\t/* Loop forever waiting for interrupts. */\n" -"2:\twfi\n" -"\tb 2b\n" -"```" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "_exceptions.S_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" -msgstr "_exceptions.S_（无需对此进行更改）：" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "" -"```armasm\n" -"/*\n" -" * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" -" *\n" -" * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" -" * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" -" * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" -" *\n" -" * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" -" *\n" -" * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" -" * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" -" * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n" -" * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" -" * limitations under the License.\n" -" */\n" -"\n" -"/**\n" -" * Saves the volatile registers onto the stack. This currently takes 14\n" -" * instructions, so it can be used in exception handlers with 18 " -"instructions\n" -" * left.\n" -" *\n" -" * On return, x0 and x1 are initialised to elr_el2 and spsr_el2 " -"respectively,\n" -" * which can be used as the first and second arguments of a subsequent " -"call.\n" -" */\n" -".macro save_volatile_to_stack\n" -"\t/* Reserve stack space and save registers x0-x18, x29 & x30. */\n" -"\tstp x0, x1, [sp, #-(8 * 24)]!\n" -"\tstp x2, x3, [sp, #8 * 2]\n" -"\tstp x4, x5, [sp, #8 * 4]\n" -"\tstp x6, x7, [sp, #8 * 6]\n" -"\tstp x8, x9, [sp, #8 * 8]\n" -"\tstp x10, x11, [sp, #8 * 10]\n" -"\tstp x12, x13, [sp, #8 * 12]\n" -"\tstp x14, x15, [sp, #8 * 14]\n" -"\tstp x16, x17, [sp, #8 * 16]\n" -"\tstr x18, [sp, #8 * 18]\n" -"\tstp x29, x30, [sp, #8 * 20]\n" -"\n" -"\t/*\n" -"\t * Save elr_el1 & spsr_el1. This such that we can take nested exception\n" -"\t * and still be able to unwind.\n" -"\t */\n" -"\tmrs x0, elr_el1\n" -"\tmrs x1, spsr_el1\n" -"\tstp x0, x1, [sp, #8 * 22]\n" -".endm\n" -"\n" -"/**\n" -" * Restores the volatile registers from the stack. This currently takes 14\n" -" * instructions, so it can be used in exception handlers while still leaving " -"18\n" -" * instructions left; if paired with save_volatile_to_stack, there are 4\n" -" * instructions to spare.\n" -" */\n" -".macro restore_volatile_from_stack\n" -"\t/* Restore registers x2-x18, x29 & x30. */\n" -"\tldp x2, x3, [sp, #8 * 2]\n" -"\tldp x4, x5, [sp, #8 * 4]\n" -"\tldp x6, x7, [sp, #8 * 6]\n" -"\tldp x8, x9, [sp, #8 * 8]\n" -"\tldp x10, x11, [sp, #8 * 10]\n" -"\tldp x12, x13, [sp, #8 * 12]\n" -"\tldp x14, x15, [sp, #8 * 14]\n" -"\tldp x16, x17, [sp, #8 * 16]\n" -"\tldr x18, [sp, #8 * 18]\n" -"\tldp x29, x30, [sp, #8 * 20]\n" -"\n" -"\t/* Restore registers elr_el1 & spsr_el1, using x0 & x1 as scratch. */\n" -"\tldp x0, x1, [sp, #8 * 22]\n" -"\tmsr elr_el1, x0\n" -"\tmsr spsr_el1, x1\n" -"\n" -"\t/* Restore x0 & x1, and release stack space. */\n" -"\tldp x0, x1, [sp], #8 * 24\n" -".endm\n" -"\n" -"/**\n" -" * This is a generic handler for exceptions taken at the current EL while " -"using\n" -" * SP0. It behaves similarly to the SPx case by first switching to SPx, " -"doing\n" -" * the work, then switching back to SP0 before returning.\n" -" *\n" -" * Switching to SPx and calling the Rust handler takes 16 instructions. To\n" -" * restore and return we need an additional 16 instructions, so we can " -"implement\n" -" * the whole handler within the allotted 32 instructions.\n" -" */\n" -".macro current_exception_sp0 handler:req\n" -"\tmsr spsel, #1\n" -"\tsave_volatile_to_stack\n" -"\tbl \\handler\n" -"\trestore_volatile_from_stack\n" -"\tmsr spsel, #0\n" -"\teret\n" -".endm\n" -"\n" -"/**\n" -" * This is a generic handler for exceptions taken at the current EL while " -"using\n" -" * SPx. It saves volatile registers, calls the Rust handler, restores " -"volatile\n" -" * registers, then returns.\n" -" *\n" -" * This also works for exceptions taken from EL0, if we don't care about\n" -" * non-volatile registers.\n" -" *\n" -" * Saving state and jumping to the Rust handler takes 15 instructions, and\n" -" * restoring and returning also takes 15 instructions, so we can fit the " -"whole\n" -" * handler in 30 instructions, under the limit of 32.\n" -" */\n" -".macro current_exception_spx handler:req\n" -"\tsave_volatile_to_stack\n" -"\tbl \\handler\n" -"\trestore_volatile_from_stack\n" -"\teret\n" -".endm\n" -"\n" -".section .text.vector_table_el1, \"ax\"\n" -".global vector_table_el1\n" -".balign 0x800\n" -"vector_table_el1:\n" -"sync_cur_sp0:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_sp0 sync_exception_current\n" -"\n" -".balign 0x80\n" -"irq_cur_sp0:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_sp0 irq_current\n" -"\n" -".balign 0x80\n" -"fiq_cur_sp0:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_sp0 fiq_current\n" -"\n" -".balign 0x80\n" -"serr_cur_sp0:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_sp0 serr_current\n" -"\n" -".balign 0x80\n" -"sync_cur_spx:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_spx sync_exception_current\n" -"\n" -".balign 0x80\n" -"irq_cur_spx:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_spx irq_current\n" -"\n" -".balign 0x80\n" -"fiq_cur_spx:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_spx fiq_current\n" -"\n" -".balign 0x80\n" -"serr_cur_spx:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_spx serr_current\n" -"\n" -".balign 0x80\n" -"sync_lower_64:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_spx sync_lower\n" -"\n" -".balign 0x80\n" -"irq_lower_64:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_spx irq_lower\n" -"\n" -".balign 0x80\n" -"fiq_lower_64:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_spx fiq_lower\n" -"\n" -".balign 0x80\n" -"serr_lower_64:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_spx serr_lower\n" -"\n" -".balign 0x80\n" -"sync_lower_32:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_spx sync_lower\n" -"\n" -".balign 0x80\n" -"irq_lower_32:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_spx irq_lower\n" -"\n" -".balign 0x80\n" -"fiq_lower_32:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_spx fiq_lower\n" -"\n" -".balign 0x80\n" -"serr_lower_32:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_spx serr_lower\n" -"```" -msgstr "" -"```armasm\n" -"/*\n" -" * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" -" *\n" -" * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" -" * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" -" * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" -" *\n" -" * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" -" *\n" -" * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" -" * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" -" * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n" -" * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" -" * limitations under the License.\n" -" */\n" -"\n" -"/**\n" -" * Saves the volatile registers onto the stack. This currently takes 14\n" -" * instructions, so it can be used in exception handlers with 18 " -"instructions\n" -" * left.\n" -" *\n" -" * On return, x0 and x1 are initialised to elr_el2 and spsr_el2 " -"respectively,\n" -" * which can be used as the first and second arguments of a subsequent " -"call.\n" -" */\n" -".macro save_volatile_to_stack\n" -"\t/* Reserve stack space and save registers x0-x18, x29 & x30. */\n" -"\tstp x0, x1, [sp, #-(8 * 24)]!\n" -"\tstp x2, x3, [sp, #8 * 2]\n" -"\tstp x4, x5, [sp, #8 * 4]\n" -"\tstp x6, x7, [sp, #8 * 6]\n" -"\tstp x8, x9, [sp, #8 * 8]\n" -"\tstp x10, x11, [sp, #8 * 10]\n" -"\tstp x12, x13, [sp, #8 * 12]\n" -"\tstp x14, x15, [sp, #8 * 14]\n" -"\tstp x16, x17, [sp, #8 * 16]\n" -"\tstr x18, [sp, #8 * 18]\n" -"\tstp x29, x30, [sp, #8 * 20]\n" -"\n" -"\t/*\n" -"\t * Save elr_el1 & spsr_el1. This such that we can take nested exception\n" -"\t * and still be able to unwind.\n" -"\t */\n" -"\tmrs x0, elr_el1\n" -"\tmrs x1, spsr_el1\n" -"\tstp x0, x1, [sp, #8 * 22]\n" -".endm\n" -"\n" -"/**\n" -" * Restores the volatile registers from the stack. This currently takes 14\n" -" * instructions, so it can be used in exception handlers while still leaving " -"18\n" -" * instructions left; if paired with save_volatile_to_stack, there are 4\n" -" * instructions to spare.\n" -" */\n" -".macro restore_volatile_from_stack\n" -"\t/* Restore registers x2-x18, x29 & x30. */\n" -"\tldp x2, x3, [sp, #8 * 2]\n" -"\tldp x4, x5, [sp, #8 * 4]\n" -"\tldp x6, x7, [sp, #8 * 6]\n" -"\tldp x8, x9, [sp, #8 * 8]\n" -"\tldp x10, x11, [sp, #8 * 10]\n" -"\tldp x12, x13, [sp, #8 * 12]\n" -"\tldp x14, x15, [sp, #8 * 14]\n" -"\tldp x16, x17, [sp, #8 * 16]\n" -"\tldr x18, [sp, #8 * 18]\n" -"\tldp x29, x30, [sp, #8 * 20]\n" -"\n" -"\t/* Restore registers elr_el1 & spsr_el1, using x0 & x1 as scratch. */\n" -"\tldp x0, x1, [sp, #8 * 22]\n" -"\tmsr elr_el1, x0\n" -"\tmsr spsr_el1, x1\n" -"\n" -"\t/* Restore x0 & x1, and release stack space. */\n" -"\tldp x0, x1, [sp], #8 * 24\n" -".endm\n" -"\n" -"/**\n" -" * This is a generic handler for exceptions taken at the current EL while " -"using\n" -" * SP0. It behaves similarly to the SPx case by first switching to SPx, " -"doing\n" -" * the work, then switching back to SP0 before returning.\n" -" *\n" -" * Switching to SPx and calling the Rust handler takes 16 instructions. To\n" -" * restore and return we need an additional 16 instructions, so we can " -"implement\n" -" * the whole handler within the allotted 32 instructions.\n" -" */\n" -".macro current_exception_sp0 handler:req\n" -"\tmsr spsel, #1\n" -"\tsave_volatile_to_stack\n" -"\tbl \\handler\n" -"\trestore_volatile_from_stack\n" -"\tmsr spsel, #0\n" -"\teret\n" -".endm\n" -"\n" -"/**\n" -" * This is a generic handler for exceptions taken at the current EL while " -"using\n" -" * SPx. It saves volatile registers, calls the Rust handler, restores " -"volatile\n" -" * registers, then returns.\n" -" *\n" -" * This also works for exceptions taken from EL0, if we don't care about\n" -" * non-volatile registers.\n" -" *\n" -" * Saving state and jumping to the Rust handler takes 15 instructions, and\n" -" * restoring and returning also takes 15 instructions, so we can fit the " -"whole\n" -" * handler in 30 instructions, under the limit of 32.\n" -" */\n" -".macro current_exception_spx handler:req\n" -"\tsave_volatile_to_stack\n" -"\tbl \\handler\n" -"\trestore_volatile_from_stack\n" -"\teret\n" -".endm\n" -"\n" -".section .text.vector_table_el1, \"ax\"\n" -".global vector_table_el1\n" -".balign 0x800\n" -"vector_table_el1:\n" -"sync_cur_sp0:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_sp0 sync_exception_current\n" -"\n" -".balign 0x80\n" -"irq_cur_sp0:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_sp0 irq_current\n" -"\n" -".balign 0x80\n" -"fiq_cur_sp0:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_sp0 fiq_current\n" -"\n" -".balign 0x80\n" -"serr_cur_sp0:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_sp0 serr_current\n" -"\n" -".balign 0x80\n" -"sync_cur_spx:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_spx sync_exception_current\n" -"\n" -".balign 0x80\n" -"irq_cur_spx:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_spx irq_current\n" -"\n" -".balign 0x80\n" -"fiq_cur_spx:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_spx fiq_current\n" -"\n" -".balign 0x80\n" -"serr_cur_spx:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_spx serr_current\n" -"\n" -".balign 0x80\n" -"sync_lower_64:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_spx sync_lower\n" -"\n" -".balign 0x80\n" -"irq_lower_64:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_spx irq_lower\n" -"\n" -".balign 0x80\n" -"fiq_lower_64:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_spx fiq_lower\n" -"\n" -".balign 0x80\n" -"serr_lower_64:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_spx serr_lower\n" -"\n" -".balign 0x80\n" -"sync_lower_32:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_spx sync_lower\n" -"\n" -".balign 0x80\n" -"irq_lower_32:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_spx irq_lower\n" -"\n" -".balign 0x80\n" -"fiq_lower_32:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_spx fiq_lower\n" -"\n" -".balign 0x80\n" -"serr_lower_32:\n" -"\tcurrent_exception_spx serr_lower\n" -"```" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "_idmap.S_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" -msgstr "_idmap.S_（无需对此进行更改）" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "" -"```armasm\n" -"/*\n" -" * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" -" *\n" -" * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" -" * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" -" * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" -" *\n" -" * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" -" *\n" -" * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" -" * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" -" * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n" -" * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" -" * limitations under the License.\n" -" */\n" -"\n" -".set .L_TT_TYPE_BLOCK, 0x1\n" -".set .L_TT_TYPE_PAGE, 0x3\n" -".set .L_TT_TYPE_TABLE, 0x3\n" -"\n" -"/* Access flag. */\n" -".set .L_TT_AF, 0x1 << 10\n" -"/* Not global. */\n" -".set .L_TT_NG, 0x1 << 11\n" -".set .L_TT_XN, 0x3 << 53\n" -"\n" -".set .L_TT_MT_DEV, 0x0 << 2\t\t\t// MAIR #0 (DEV_nGnRE)\n" -".set .L_TT_MT_MEM, (0x1 << 2) | (0x3 << 8)\t// MAIR #1 (MEM_WBWA), inner " -"shareable\n" -"\n" -".set .L_BLOCK_DEV, .L_TT_TYPE_BLOCK | .L_TT_MT_DEV | .L_TT_AF | .L_TT_XN\n" -".set .L_BLOCK_MEM, .L_TT_TYPE_BLOCK | .L_TT_MT_MEM | .L_TT_AF | .L_TT_NG\n" -"\n" -".section \".rodata.idmap\", \"a\", %progbits\n" -".global idmap\n" -".align 12\n" -"idmap:\n" -"\t/* level 1 */\n" -"\t.quad\t\t.L_BLOCK_DEV | 0x0\t\t // 1 GiB of device mappings\n" -"\t.quad\t\t.L_BLOCK_MEM | 0x40000000\t// 1 GiB of DRAM\n" -"\t.fill\t\t254, 8, 0x0\t\t\t// 254 GiB of unmapped VA space\n" -"\t.quad\t\t.L_BLOCK_DEV | 0x4000000000 // 1 GiB of device mappings\n" -"\t.fill\t\t255, 8, 0x0\t\t\t// 255 GiB of remaining VA space\n" -"```" -msgstr "" -"```armasm\n" -"/*\n" -" * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" -" *\n" -" * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" -" * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" -" * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" -" *\n" -" * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" -" *\n" -" * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" -" * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" -" * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n" -" * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" -" * limitations under the License.\n" -" */\n" -"\n" -".set .L_TT_TYPE_BLOCK, 0x1\n" -".set .L_TT_TYPE_PAGE, 0x3\n" -".set .L_TT_TYPE_TABLE, 0x3\n" -"\n" -"/* Access flag. */\n" -".set .L_TT_AF, 0x1 << 10\n" -"/* Not global. */\n" -".set .L_TT_NG, 0x1 << 11\n" -".set .L_TT_XN, 0x3 << 53\n" -"\n" -".set .L_TT_MT_DEV, 0x0 << 2\t\t\t// MAIR #0 (DEV_nGnRE)\n" -".set .L_TT_MT_MEM, (0x1 << 2) | (0x3 << 8)\t// MAIR #1 (MEM_WBWA), inner " -"shareable\n" -"\n" -".set .L_BLOCK_DEV, .L_TT_TYPE_BLOCK | .L_TT_MT_DEV | .L_TT_AF | .L_TT_XN\n" -".set .L_BLOCK_MEM, .L_TT_TYPE_BLOCK | .L_TT_MT_MEM | .L_TT_AF | .L_TT_NG\n" -"\n" -".section \".rodata.idmap\", \"a\", %progbits\n" -".global idmap\n" -".align 12\n" -"idmap:\n" -"\t/* level 1 */\n" -"\t.quad\t\t.L_BLOCK_DEV | 0x0\t\t // 1 GiB of device mappings\n" -"\t.quad\t\t.L_BLOCK_MEM | 0x40000000\t// 1 GiB of DRAM\n" -"\t.fill\t\t254, 8, 0x0\t\t\t// 254 GiB of unmapped VA space\n" -"\t.quad\t\t.L_BLOCK_DEV | 0x4000000000 // 1 GiB of device mappings\n" -"\t.fill\t\t255, 8, 0x0\t\t\t// 255 GiB of remaining VA space\n" -"```" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "_image.ld_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" -msgstr "_image.ld_（无需对此进行更改）：" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "" -"```ld\n" -"/*\n" -" * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" -" *\n" -" * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" -" * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" -" * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" -" *\n" -" * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" -" *\n" -" * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" -" * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" -" * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n" -" * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" -" * limitations under the License.\n" -" */\n" -"\n" -"/*\n" -" * Code will start running at this symbol which is placed at the start of " -"the\n" -" * image.\n" -" */\n" -"ENTRY(entry)\n" -"\n" -"MEMORY\n" -"{\n" -"\timage : ORIGIN = 0x40080000, LENGTH = 2M\n" -"}\n" -"\n" -"SECTIONS\n" -"{\n" -"\t/*\n" -"\t * Collect together the code.\n" -"\t */\n" -"\t.init : ALIGN(4096) {\n" -"\t\ttext_begin = .;\n" -"\t\t*(.init.entry)\n" -"\t\t*(.init.*)\n" -"\t} >image\n" -"\t.text : {\n" -"\t\t*(.text.*)\n" -"\t} >image\n" -"\ttext_end = .;\n" -"\n" -"\t/*\n" -"\t * Collect together read-only data.\n" -"\t */\n" -"\t.rodata : ALIGN(4096) {\n" -"\t\trodata_begin = .;\n" -"\t\t*(.rodata.*)\n" -"\t} >image\n" -"\t.got : {\n" -"\t\t*(.got)\n" -"\t} >image\n" -"\trodata_end = .;\n" -"\n" -"\t/*\n" -"\t * Collect together the read-write data including .bss at the end which\n" -"\t * will be zero'd by the entry code.\n" -"\t */\n" -"\t.data : ALIGN(4096) {\n" -"\t\tdata_begin = .;\n" -"\t\t*(.data.*)\n" -"\t\t/*\n" -"\t\t * The entry point code assumes that .data is a multiple of 32\n" -"\t\t * bytes long.\n" -"\t\t */\n" -"\t\t. = ALIGN(32);\n" -"\t\tdata_end = .;\n" -"\t} >image\n" -"\n" -"\t/* Everything beyond this point will not be included in the binary. */\n" -"\tbin_end = .;\n" -"\n" -"\t/* The entry point code assumes that .bss is 16-byte aligned. */\n" -"\t.bss : ALIGN(16) {\n" -"\t\tbss_begin = .;\n" -"\t\t*(.bss.*)\n" -"\t\t*(COMMON)\n" -"\t\t. = ALIGN(16);\n" -"\t\tbss_end = .;\n" -"\t} >image\n" -"\n" -"\t.stack (NOLOAD) : ALIGN(4096) {\n" -"\t\tboot_stack_begin = .;\n" -"\t\t. += 40 * 4096;\n" -"\t\t. = ALIGN(4096);\n" -"\t\tboot_stack_end = .;\n" -"\t} >image\n" -"\n" -"\t. = ALIGN(4K);\n" -"\tPROVIDE(dma_region = .);\n" -"\n" -"\t/*\n" -"\t * Remove unused sections from the image.\n" -"\t */\n" -"\t/DISCARD/ : {\n" -"\t\t/* The image loads itself so doesn't need these sections. */\n" -"\t\t*(.gnu.hash)\n" -"\t\t*(.hash)\n" -"\t\t*(.interp)\n" -"\t\t*(.eh_frame_hdr)\n" -"\t\t*(.eh_frame)\n" -"\t\t*(.note.gnu.build-id)\n" -"\t}\n" -"}\n" -"```" -msgstr "" -"```ld\n" -"/*\n" -" * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" -" *\n" -" * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" -" * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" -" * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" -" *\n" -" * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" -" *\n" -" * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" -" * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" -" * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n" -" * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" -" * limitations under the License.\n" -" */\n" -"\n" -"/*\n" -" * Code will start running at this symbol which is placed at the start of " -"the\n" -" * image.\n" -" */\n" -"ENTRY(entry)\n" -"\n" -"MEMORY\n" -"{\n" -"\timage : ORIGIN = 0x40080000, LENGTH = 2M\n" -"}\n" -"\n" -"SECTIONS\n" -"{\n" -"\t/*\n" -"\t * Collect together the code.\n" -"\t */\n" -"\t.init : ALIGN(4096) {\n" -"\t\ttext_begin = .;\n" -"\t\t*(.init.entry)\n" -"\t\t*(.init.*)\n" -"\t} >image\n" -"\t.text : {\n" -"\t\t*(.text.*)\n" -"\t} >image\n" -"\ttext_end = .;\n" -"\n" -"\t/*\n" -"\t * Collect together read-only data.\n" -"\t */\n" -"\t.rodata : ALIGN(4096) {\n" -"\t\trodata_begin = .;\n" -"\t\t*(.rodata.*)\n" -"\t} >image\n" -"\t.got : {\n" -"\t\t*(.got)\n" -"\t} >image\n" -"\trodata_end = .;\n" -"\n" -"\t/*\n" -"\t * Collect together the read-write data including .bss at the end which\n" -"\t * will be zero'd by the entry code.\n" -"\t */\n" -"\t.data : ALIGN(4096) {\n" -"\t\tdata_begin = .;\n" -"\t\t*(.data.*)\n" -"\t\t/*\n" -"\t\t * The entry point code assumes that .data is a multiple of 32\n" -"\t\t * bytes long.\n" -"\t\t */\n" -"\t\t. = ALIGN(32);\n" -"\t\tdata_end = .;\n" -"\t} >image\n" -"\n" -"\t/* Everything beyond this point will not be included in the binary. */\n" -"\tbin_end = .;\n" -"\n" -"\t/* The entry point code assumes that .bss is 16-byte aligned. */\n" -"\t.bss : ALIGN(16) {\n" -"\t\tbss_begin = .;\n" -"\t\t*(.bss.*)\n" -"\t\t*(COMMON)\n" -"\t\t. = ALIGN(16);\n" -"\t\tbss_end = .;\n" -"\t} >image\n" -"\n" -"\t.stack (NOLOAD) : ALIGN(4096) {\n" -"\t\tboot_stack_begin = .;\n" -"\t\t. += 40 * 4096;\n" -"\t\t. = ALIGN(4096);\n" -"\t\tboot_stack_end = .;\n" -"\t} >image\n" -"\n" -"\t. = ALIGN(4K);\n" -"\tPROVIDE(dma_region = .);\n" -"\n" -"\t/*\n" -"\t * Remove unused sections from the image.\n" -"\t */\n" -"\t/DISCARD/ : {\n" -"\t\t/* The image loads itself so doesn't need these sections. */\n" -"\t\t*(.gnu.hash)\n" -"\t\t*(.hash)\n" -"\t\t*(.interp)\n" -"\t\t*(.eh_frame_hdr)\n" -"\t\t*(.eh_frame)\n" -"\t\t*(.note.gnu.build-id)\n" -"\t}\n" -"}\n" -"```" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "_Makefile_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" -msgstr "_Makefile_（无需对此进行更改）：" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "# Copyright 2023 Google LLC" -msgstr "# 版权所有 2023 Google LLC。" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "$(shell uname -s)" -msgstr "$(shell uname -s)" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "aarch64-linux-gnu" -msgstr "aarch64-paging" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "stdio -display none -kernel $< -s" -msgstr "stdio -display none -kernel $< -s" +"使用`let handle = thread::spawn(...)`来创建线程，然后使用`handle.join()`来等待线程完成，" +"这样程序就可以一直计数到10。" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "cargo clean" -msgstr "cargo 清理" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md -msgid "Run the code in QEMU with `make qemu`." -msgstr "使用 `make qemu` 在 QEMU 中运行代码。" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "Bare Metal Rust Afternoon" -msgstr "嵌入式 Rust：进阶篇" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "([back to exercise](rtc.md))" -msgstr "([返回练习](rtc.md))" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "_main.rs_:" -msgstr "`main.rs`:" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "/// Base address of the PL031 RTC.\n" -msgstr "/// Base address of the PL031 RTC.\n" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "/// The IRQ used by the PL031 RTC.\n" -msgstr "/// The IRQ used by the PL031 RTC.\n" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "" -"// Safe because `PL031_BASE_ADDRESS` is the base address of a PL031 device,\n" -" // and nothing else accesses that address range.\n" -msgstr "" -"// Safe because `PL031_BASE_ADDRESS` is the base address of a PL031 device,\n" -" // and nothing else accesses that address range.\n" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "\"RTC: {time}\"" -msgstr "\"RTC: {time}\"" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "// Wait for 3 seconds, without interrupts.\n" -msgstr "// Wait for 3 seconds, without interrupts.\n" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "\"Waiting for {}\"" -msgstr "\"Waiting for {}\"" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "\"matched={}, interrupt_pending={}\"" -msgstr "\"matched={}, interrupt_pending={}\"" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "\"Finished waiting\"" -msgstr "\"Finished waiting\"" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "// Wait another 3 seconds for an interrupt.\n" -msgstr "// Wait another 3 seconds for an interrupt.\n" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "_pl031.rs_:" -msgstr "_pl031.rs_：" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "/// Data register\n" -msgstr "/// Data register\n" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "/// Match register\n" -msgstr "/// Match register\n" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "/// Load register\n" -msgstr "/// Load register\n" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "/// Control register\n" -msgstr "/// Control register\n" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "/// Interrupt Mask Set or Clear register\n" -msgstr "/// Interrupt Mask Set or Clear register\n" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "/// Raw Interrupt Status\n" -msgstr "/// Raw Interrupt Status\n" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "/// Masked Interrupt Status\n" -msgstr "/// Masked Interrupt Status\n" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "/// Interrupt Clear Register\n" -msgstr "/// Interrupt Clear Register\n" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "/// Driver for a PL031 real-time clock.\n" -msgstr "/// Driver for a PL031 real-time clock.\n" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "" -"/// Constructs a new instance of the RTC driver for a PL031 device at the\n" -" /// given base address.\n" -" ///\n" -" /// # Safety\n" -" ///\n" -" /// The given base address must point to the MMIO control registers of " -"a\n" -" /// PL031 device, which must be mapped into the address space of the " -"process\n" -" /// as device memory and not have any other aliases.\n" -msgstr "" -"/// Constructs a new instance of the RTC driver for a PL031 device at the\n" -" /// given base address.\n" -" ///\n" -" /// # Safety\n" -" ///\n" -" /// The given base address must point to the MMIO control registers of " -"a\n" -" /// PL031 device, which must be mapped into the address space of the " -"process\n" -" /// as device memory and not have any other aliases.\n" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "/// Reads the current RTC value.\n" -msgstr "/// Reads the current RTC value.\n" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "" -"// Safe because we know that self.registers points to the control\n" -" // registers of a PL031 device which is appropriately mapped.\n" -msgstr "" -"// Safe because we know that self.registers points to the control\n" -" // registers of a PL031 device which is appropriately mapped.\n" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "" -"/// Writes a match value. When the RTC value matches this then an interrupt\n" -" /// will be generated (if it is enabled).\n" -msgstr "" -"/// Writes a match value. When the RTC value matches this then an interrupt\n" -" /// will be generated (if it is enabled).\n" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "" -"/// Returns whether the match register matches the RTC value, whether or " -"not\n" -" /// the interrupt is enabled.\n" +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:48 +msgid "Now what if we want to return a value?" msgstr "" -"/// Returns whether the match register matches the RTC value, whether or " -"not\n" -" /// the interrupt is enabled.\n" +"如果我们想要返回一个值，可以在闭包中使用`move`关键字来捕获需要返回的值，并在`thread::" +"spawn`调用后使用`handle.join()`来获取返回值？" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "" -"/// Returns whether there is currently an interrupt pending.\n" -" ///\n" -" /// This should be true if and only if `matched` returns true and the\n" -" /// interrupt is masked.\n" -msgstr "" -"/// Returns whether there is currently an interrupt pending.\n" -" ///\n" -" /// This should be true if and only if `matched` returns true and the\n" -" /// interrupt is masked.\n" - -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "" -"/// Sets or clears the interrupt mask.\n" -" ///\n" -" /// When the mask is true the interrupt is enabled; when it is false " -"the\n" -" /// interrupt is disabled.\n" -msgstr "" -"/// Sets or clears the interrupt mask.\n" -" ///\n" -" /// When the mask is true the interrupt is enabled; when it is false " -"the\n" -" /// interrupt is disabled.\n" +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:49 +msgid "Look at docs again:" +msgstr "再看看文档：" -#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "/// Clears a pending interrupt, if any.\n" -msgstr "/// Clears a pending interrupt, if any.\n" +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:50 +msgid "`thread::spawn`'s closure returns `T`" +msgstr "`thread::spawn`的闭包返回`T`" -#: src/concurrency.md -msgid "Welcome to Concurrency in Rust" -msgstr "欢迎了解 Rust 中的并发" +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:51 +msgid "`JoinHandle` `.join()` returns `thread::Result`" +msgstr "`JoinHandle`的`.join()`方法返回`thread::Result`" -#: src/concurrency.md +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:53 msgid "" -"Rust has full support for concurrency using OS threads with mutexes and " -"channels." -msgstr "Rust 完全支持使用带有互斥锁和通道的操作系统线程进行并发。" +"Use the `Result` return value from `handle.join()` to get access to the returned value." +msgstr "使用`handle.join()`的`Result`返回值来获取返回的值。" -#: src/concurrency.md -msgid "" -"The Rust type system plays an important role in making many concurrency bugs " -"compile time bugs. This is often referred to as _fearless concurrency_ since " -"you can rely on the compiler to ensure correctness at runtime." -msgstr "" -"Rust 类型系统能帮助我们把许多并发bug转换为编译期bug 发挥着重要作用。这通常称" -"为“无畏并发”，因为你可以依靠编译器来确保 运行时的正确性。" +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:56 +msgid "Ok, what about the other case?" +msgstr "好的，那另外一种情况呢？" -#: src/concurrency/threads.md -msgid "Rust threads work similarly to threads in other languages:" -msgstr "Rust 线程的运作方式与其他语言中的线程类似：" +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:57 +msgid "Trigger a panic in the thread. Note that this doesn't panic `main`." +msgstr "在线程中触发一个panic。请注意，这不会导致`main`函数panic。" -#: src/concurrency/threads.md -msgid "\"Count in thread: {i}!\"" -msgstr "\"Count in thread: {i}!\"" +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:58 +msgid "Access the panic payload. This is a good time to talk about `Any`." +msgstr "访问panic的payload。这是一个讨论`Any`的好时机。" -#: src/concurrency/threads.md -msgid "\"Main thread: {i}\"" -msgstr "\"Main thread: {i}\"" +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:60 +msgid "Now we can return values from threads! What about taking inputs?" +msgstr "现在我们可以从线程中返回值了！那么如何获取输入呢？" -#: src/concurrency/threads.md -msgid "Threads are all daemon threads, the main thread does not wait for them." -msgstr "线程均为守护程序线程，主线程不会等待这些线程。" +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:61 +msgid "Capture something by reference in the thread closure." +msgstr "在线程闭包中通过引用捕获一些东西。" -#: src/concurrency/threads.md -msgid "Thread panics are independent of each other." -msgstr "线程紧急警报 (panic) 是彼此独立的。" +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:62 +msgid "An error message indicates we must move it." +msgstr "错误消息表明我们必须将其移动。" -#: src/concurrency/threads.md -msgid "Panics can carry a payload, which can be unpacked with `downcast_ref`." -msgstr "紧急警报可以携带载荷，并可以使用 `downcast_ref` 对载荷进行解压缩。" +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:63 +msgid "Move it in, see we can compute and then return a derived value." +msgstr "将其移入闭包中，然后查看我们是否可以计算并返回一个派生值。" -#: src/concurrency/threads.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"Notice that the thread is stopped before it reaches 10 --- the main thread " -"is not waiting." -msgstr "请注意，线程在达到 10 之前就停止了，而主线程并 没有等待。" +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:65 +msgid "If we want to borrow?" +msgstr "如果我们想要借用呢？" -#: src/concurrency/threads.md +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:66 msgid "" -"Use `let handle = thread::spawn(...)` and later `handle.join()` to wait for " -"the thread to finish." -msgstr "" -"使用 `let handle = thread::spawn(...)` 和后面的 `handle.join()` 等待 线程完" -"成。" +"Main kills child threads when it returns, but another function would just return and " +"leave them running." +msgstr "主函数在返回时会终止子线程，但另一个函数只会返回而不终止子线程。" -#: src/concurrency/threads.md -msgid "Trigger a panic in the thread, notice how this doesn't affect `main`." -msgstr "在线程中触发紧急警报，并注意这为何不会影响到 `main`。" +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:68 +msgid "That would be stack use-after-return, which violates memory safety!" +msgstr "那将是栈上使用已返回的值，这违反了内存安全！" -#: src/concurrency/threads.md -msgid "" -"Use the `Result` return value from `handle.join()` to get access to the " -"panic payload. This is a good time to talk about [`Any`](https://doc.rust-" -"lang.org/std/any/index.html)." -msgstr "" -"使用 `handle.join()` 的 `Result` 返回值来获取对紧急警报 载荷的访问权限。现在" -"有必要介绍一下 [`Any`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/any/index.html) 了。" +#: src/concurrency/threads/plain.md:69 +msgid "How do we avoid this? see next slide." +msgstr "我们如何避免这种情况？看下一张幻灯片。" -#: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md +#: src/concurrency/threads/scoped.md:3 msgid "Normal threads cannot borrow from their environment:" msgstr "常规线程不能从它们所处的环境中借用：" -#: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md -msgid "" -"However, you can use a [scoped thread](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/thread/" -"fn.scope.html) for this:" -msgstr "" -"不过，你可以使用[范围线程](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/thread/fn.scope." -"html)来实现此目的：" +#: src/concurrency/threads/scoped.md:20 +msgid "However, you can use a scoped thread for this:" +msgstr "然而，您可以使用作用域线程来解决这个问题：" -#: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md +#: src/concurrency/threads/scoped.md:41 msgid "" -"The reason for that is that when the `thread::scope` function completes, all " -"the threads are guaranteed to be joined, so they can return borrowed data." +"The reason for that is that when the `thread::scope` function completes, all the threads " +"are guaranteed to be joined, so they can return borrowed data." msgstr "" -"其原因在于，在 `thread::scope` 函数完成后，可保证所有线程都已联结在一起，使得" -"线程能够返回借用的数据。" +"其原因在于，在 `thread::scope` 函数完成后，可保证所有线程都已联结在一起，使得线程能够返回" +"借用的数据。" -#: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md +#: src/concurrency/threads/scoped.md:43 msgid "" -"Normal Rust borrowing rules apply: you can either borrow mutably by one " -"thread, or immutably by any number of threads." +"Normal Rust borrowing rules apply: you can either borrow mutably by one thread, or " +"immutably by any number of threads." msgstr "" -"此时须遵守常规 Rust 借用规则：你可以通过一个线程以可变的方式借用，也可以通过" -"任意数量的线程以不可变的方式借用。" +"此时须遵守常规 Rust 借用规则：你可以通过一个线程以可变的方式借用，也可以通过任意数量的线" +"程以不可变的方式借用。" -#: src/concurrency/channels.md +#: src/concurrency/channels.md src/concurrency/async-control-flow.md +msgid "This segment should take about 20 minutes. It contains:" +msgstr "这一段大约需要20分钟。它包含：" + +#: src/concurrency/channels/senders-receivers.md:3 msgid "" -"Rust channels have two parts: a `Sender` and a `Receiver`. The two " -"parts are connected via the channel, but you only see the end-points." +"Rust channels have two parts: a `Sender` and a `Receiver`. The two parts are " +"connected via the channel, but you only see the end-points." msgstr "" -"Rust 通道（Channel）包含两个部分：`Sender` 和 `Receiver`。这两个部分 通" -"过通道进行连接，但你只能看到端点。" +"Rust 通道（Channel）包含两个部分：`Sender` 和 `Receiver`。这两个部分 通过通道进行连" +"接，但你只能看到端点。" -#: src/concurrency/channels.md +#: src/concurrency/channels/senders-receivers.md:15 +#: src/concurrency/channels/senders-receivers.md:16 +#: src/concurrency/channels/senders-receivers.md:20 msgid "\"Received: {:?}\"" msgstr "\"Received: {:?}\"" -#: src/concurrency/channels.md +#: src/concurrency/channels/senders-receivers.md:27 msgid "" -"`mpsc` stands for Multi-Producer, Single-Consumer. `Sender` and `SyncSender` " -"implement `Clone` (so you can make multiple producers) but `Receiver` does " -"not." +"`mpsc` stands for Multi-Producer, Single-Consumer. `Sender` and `SyncSender` implement " +"`Clone` (so you can make multiple producers) but `Receiver` does not." msgstr "" -"`mpsc` 代表多个生产方，单个使用方。`Sender` 和 `SyncSender` 会实现 `Clone`" -"（因此， 你可以设置多个生产方），但 `Receiver` 不会实现。" +"`mpsc` 代表多个生产方，单个使用方。`Sender` 和 `SyncSender` 会实现 `Clone`（因此， 你可以" +"设置多个生产方），但 `Receiver` 不会实现。" -#: src/concurrency/channels.md +#: src/concurrency/channels/senders-receivers.md:30 msgid "" -"`send()` and `recv()` return `Result`. If they return `Err`, it means the " -"counterpart `Sender` or `Receiver` is dropped and the channel is closed." +"`send()` and `recv()` return `Result`. If they return `Err`, it means the counterpart " +"`Sender` or `Receiver` is dropped and the channel is closed." msgstr "" -"`send()` 和 `recv()` 会返回 `Result`。如果它们返回 `Err`，则表示对应的 " -"`Sender` 或 `Receiver` 已被丢弃，且通道已关闭。" +"`send()` 和 `recv()` 会返回 `Result`。如果它们返回 `Err`，则表示对应的 `Sender` 或 " +"`Receiver` 已被丢弃，且通道已关闭。" -#: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md +#: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md:3 msgid "You get an unbounded and asynchronous channel with `mpsc::channel()`:" msgstr "你可以使用 `mpsc::channel()` 获得无边界的异步通道：" -#: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md +#: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md:16 src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md:16 msgid "\"Message {i}\"" msgstr "\"Message {i}\"" -#: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md +#: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md:17 src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md:17 msgid "\"{thread_id:?}: sent Message {i}\"" msgstr "\"{thread_id:?}: sent Message {i}\"" -#: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md +#: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md:19 src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md:19 msgid "\"{thread_id:?}: done\"" msgstr "\"{thread_id:?}: done\"" -#: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md +#: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md:24 src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md:24 msgid "\"Main: got {msg}\"" msgstr "\"Main: got {msg}\"" -#: src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"With bounded (synchronous) channels, `send` can block the current thread:" -msgstr "有边界的同步通道会使 `send` 阻塞当前线程：" +#: src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md:3 +msgid "With bounded (synchronous) channels, `send` can block the current thread:" +msgstr "使用有界（同步）通道，`send`可以阻塞当前线程：" -#: src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md +#: src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md:32 msgid "" -"Calling `send` will block the current thread until there is space in the " -"channel for the new message. The thread can be blocked indefinitely if there " -"is nobody who reads from the channel." +"Calling `send` will block the current thread until there is space in the channel for the " +"new message. The thread can be blocked indefinitely if there is nobody who reads from " +"the channel." msgstr "" -"调用 `send` 将阻塞当前线程，直到通道中有足够的空间放置新消息。如果无人从通道" -"读取数据，线程会被无限期地阻塞。" +"调用 `send` 将阻塞当前线程，直到通道中有足够的空间放置新消息。如果无人从通道读取数据，线" +"程会被无限期地阻塞。" -#: src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md +#: src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md:35 msgid "" -"A call to `send` will abort with an error (that is why it returns `Result`) " -"if the channel is closed. A channel is closed when the receiver is dropped." +"A call to `send` will abort with an error (that is why it returns `Result`) if the " +"channel is closed. A channel is closed when the receiver is dropped." msgstr "" -"如果通道关闭，调用 `send` 将中止并返回错误（这就是它会返回 `Result` 的原" -"因）。当接收器被丢弃时，通道将关闭。" +"如果通道关闭，调用 `send` 将中止并返回错误（这就是它会返回 `Result` 的原因）。当接收器被" +"丢弃时，通道将关闭。" -#: src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md +#: src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md:37 msgid "" -"A bounded channel with a size of zero is called a \"rendezvous channel\". " -"Every send will block the current thread until another thread calls `read`." +"A bounded channel with a size of zero is called a \"rendezvous channel\". Every send " +"will block the current thread until another thread calls `recv`." msgstr "" -"大小为零的有界通道称为 “集合通道”。每次调用 send 都会阻塞当前线程，直到另一个" -"线程调用 `read`。" +"大小为零的有界通道被称为“会合通道”。每次发送都会阻塞当前线程，直到另一个线程调用`recv`。" #: src/concurrency/send-sync.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"How does Rust know to forbid shared access across threads? The answer is in " -"two traits:" -msgstr "Rust 如何知道要禁止跨线程共享访问？答案在于 Rust 的两个特征：" +msgid "Send" +msgstr "Send" #: src/concurrency/send-sync.md -msgid "" -"[`Send`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Send.html): a type `T` " -"is `Send` if it is safe to move a `T` across a thread boundary." -msgstr "" -"[`Send`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Send.html)：如果跨线程边" -"界移动 `T` 是安全的，则类型 `T` 为 `Send`。" +msgid "Sync" +msgstr "Sync" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/marker-traits.md:3 msgid "" -"[`Sync`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Sync.html): a type `T` " -"is `Sync` if it is safe to move a `&T` across a thread boundary." -msgstr "" -"[`Sync`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Sync.html)：如果跨线程边" -"界移动 `&T` 是安全的，则类型 `T` 为 `Sync`。" +"How does Rust know to forbid shared access across threads? The answer is in two traits:" +msgstr "Rust如何知道禁止跨线程共享访问？答案在于两个特质：" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/marker-traits.md:6 +msgid "`Send`: a type `T` is `Send` if it is safe to move a `T` across a thread boundary." +msgstr "`Send`：如果类型`T`在跨线程边界移动是安全的，则`T`是`Send`类型。" + +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/marker-traits.md:8 +msgid "`Sync`: a type `T` is `Sync` if it is safe to move a `&T` across a thread boundary." +msgstr "`Sync`：如果类型`T`在跨线程边界移动`&T`是安全的，则`T`是`Sync`类型。" + +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/marker-traits.md:11 msgid "" -"`Send` and `Sync` are [unsafe traits](../unsafe/unsafe-traits.md). The " -"compiler will automatically derive them for your types as long as they only " -"contain `Send` and `Sync` types. You can also implement them manually when " -"you know it is valid." +"`Send` and `Sync` are unsafe traits. The compiler will automatically derive them for " +"your types as long as they only contain `Send` and `Sync` types. You can also implement " +"them manually when you know it is valid." msgstr "" -"`Send` 和 `Sync` 均为[不安全特征](../unsafe/unsafe-traits.md)。只要类型仅包" -"含 `Send` 和 `Sync` 类型，编译器就会自动为类型派生 这两种特征。你也可以手动实" -"现它们（如果你确定这样 有效的话）。" +"`Send`和`Sync`是不安全的特质。只要你的类型只包含`Send`和`Sync`类型，编译器就会自动为你的" +"类型派生它们。当你知道它是有效的时候，你也可以手动实现它们。" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/marker-traits.md:22 msgid "" -"One can think of these traits as markers that the type has certain thread-" -"safety properties." +"One can think of these traits as markers that the type has certain thread-safety " +"properties." msgstr "不妨将这些特征视为类型包含某些线程安全属性的标记。" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/marker-traits.md:24 msgid "They can be used in the generic constraints as normal traits." msgstr "它们可以在泛型约束中作为常规特征使用。" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync/send.md -msgid "" -"A type `T` is [`Send`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Send.html) " -"if it is safe to move a `T` value to another thread." -msgstr "" -"如果将 `T` 值移动到另一个线程是安全的，则类型 `T` 为 [`Send`](https://doc." -"rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Send.html)。" +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/send.md:3 +msgid "A type `T` is `Send` if it is safe to move a `T` value to another thread." +msgstr "类型`T`是`Send`的，如果将`T`值安全地移动到另一个线程是安全的。" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync/send.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/send.md:5 msgid "" -"The effect of moving ownership to another thread is that _destructors_ will " -"run in that thread. So the question is when you can allocate a value in one " -"thread and deallocate it in another." +"The effect of moving ownership to another thread is that _destructors_ will run in that " +"thread. So the question is when you can allocate a value in one thread and deallocate it " +"in another." msgstr "" -"将所有权转移到另一个线程的影响是，“析构函数”将在相应线程中 运行。因此，问题在" -"于你何时可以在一个线程中分配某个值，然后在 另一个线程中取消分配该值。" +"将所有权转移到另一个线程的影响是，“析构函数”将在相应线程中 运行。因此，问题在于你何时可以" +"在一个线程中分配某个值，然后在 另一个线程中取消分配该值。" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync/send.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/send.md:14 msgid "" -"As an example, a connection to the SQLite library must only be accessed from " -"a single thread." +"As an example, a connection to the SQLite library must only be accessed from a single " +"thread." msgstr "例如，与 SQLite 库的连接只能通过 单个线程访问。" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md:3 msgid "" -"A type `T` is [`Sync`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Sync.html) " -"if it is safe to access a `T` value from multiple threads at the same time." -msgstr "" -"如果同时从多个线程访问 `T` 值是安全的，则类型 `T` 为 [`Sync`](https://doc." -"rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Sync.html)。" +"A type `T` is `Sync` if it is safe to access a `T` value from multiple threads at the " +"same time." +msgstr "如果可以安全地从多个线程同时访问`T`值，那么类型`T`是`Sync`的。" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md:6 msgid "More precisely, the definition is:" msgstr "更准确地说，定义是：" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md:8 msgid "`T` is `Sync` if and only if `&T` is `Send`" msgstr "当且仅当 `&T` 为 `Send` 时，`T` 为 `Sync`" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md:15 msgid "" -"This statement is essentially a shorthand way of saying that if a type is " -"thread-safe for shared use, it is also thread-safe to pass references of it " -"across threads." +"This statement is essentially a shorthand way of saying that if a type is thread-safe " +"for shared use, it is also thread-safe to pass references of it across threads." msgstr "" -"该语句实质上是一种简写形式，表示如果某个类型对于共享使用是线程安全的，那么跨" -"线程传递对该类型的引用也是线程安全的。" +"该语句实质上是一种简写形式，表示如果某个类型对于共享使用是线程安全的，那么跨线程传递对该" +"类型的引用也是线程安全的。" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md:19 msgid "" -"This is because if a type is Sync it means that it can be shared across " -"multiple threads without the risk of data races or other synchronization " -"issues, so it is safe to move it to another thread. A reference to the type " -"is also safe to move to another thread, because the data it references can " -"be accessed from any thread safely." +"This is because if a type is Sync it means that it can be shared across multiple threads " +"without the risk of data races or other synchronization issues, so it is safe to move it " +"to another thread. A reference to the type is also safe to move to another thread, " +"because the data it references can be accessed from any thread safely." msgstr "" -"这是因为如果某个类型为 Sync，则意味着它可以在多个线程之间共享，而不存在数据争" -"用或其他同步问题的风险，因此将其移动到另一个线程是安全的。对该类型的引用同样" -"可以安全地移动到另一个线程，因为它引用的数据可以从任何线程安全地访问。" +"这是因为如果某个类型为 Sync，则意味着它可以在多个线程之间共享，而不存在数据争用或其他同步" +"问题的风险，因此将其移动到另一个线程是安全的。对该类型的引用同样可以安全地移动到另一个线" +"程，因为它引用的数据可以从任何线程安全地访问。" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:3 msgid "`Send + Sync`" msgstr "`Send + Sync`" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:5 msgid "Most types you come across are `Send + Sync`:" msgstr "你遇到的类型大都属于 `Send + Sync`：" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:7 msgid "`i8`, `f32`, `bool`, `char`, `&str`, ..." msgstr "`i8`、`f32`、`bool`、`char`、`&str`…" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:8 msgid "`(T1, T2)`, `[T; N]`, `&[T]`, `struct { x: T }`, ..." msgstr "`(T1, T2)`、`[T; N]`、`&[T]`、`struct { x: T }`…" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:9 msgid "`String`, `Option`, `Vec`, `Box`, ..." msgstr "`String`、`Option`、`Vec`、`Box`…" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:10 msgid "`Arc`: Explicitly thread-safe via atomic reference count." msgstr "`Arc`：明确通过原子引用计数实现线程安全。" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:11 msgid "`Mutex`: Explicitly thread-safe via internal locking." msgstr "`Mutex`：明确通过内部锁定实现线程安全。" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:12 +msgid "`mpsc::Sender`: As of 1.72.0." +msgstr "`mpsc::Sender`: As of 1.72.0." + +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:13 msgid "`AtomicBool`, `AtomicU8`, ...: Uses special atomic instructions." msgstr "`AtomicBool`、`AtomicU8`…：使用特殊的原子指令。" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:15 msgid "" -"The generic types are typically `Send + Sync` when the type parameters are " -"`Send + Sync`." +"The generic types are typically `Send + Sync` when the type parameters are `Send + Sync`." msgstr "当类型参数为 `Send + Sync` 时，泛型类型通常 为 `Send + Sync`。" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:18 msgid "`Send + !Sync`" msgstr "`Send + !Sync`" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:20 msgid "" -"These types can be moved to other threads, but they're not thread-safe. " -"Typically because of interior mutability:" -msgstr "" -"这些类型可以移动到其他线程，但它们不是线程安全的。 这通常是由内部可变性造成" -"的：" - -#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md -msgid "`mpsc::Sender`" -msgstr "`mpsc::Sender`" +"These types can be moved to other threads, but they're not thread-safe. Typically " +"because of interior mutability:" +msgstr "这些类型可以移动到其他线程，但它们不是线程安全的。 这通常是由内部可变性造成的：" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:23 msgid "`mpsc::Receiver`" msgstr "`mpsc::Receiver`" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:24 msgid "`Cell`" msgstr "`Cell`" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:25 msgid "`RefCell`" msgstr "`RefCell`" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:27 msgid "`!Send + Sync`" msgstr "`!Send + Sync`" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md -msgid "" -"These types are thread-safe, but they cannot be moved to another thread:" +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:29 +msgid "These types are thread-safe, but they cannot be moved to another thread:" msgstr "这些类型是线程安全的，但它们不能移动到另一个线程：" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:31 msgid "" -"`MutexGuard`: Uses OS level primitives which must be deallocated on " -"the thread which created them." -msgstr "" -"`MutexGuard`：使用操作系统级别的原语（必须在创建这些原语的线程上 取消分" -"配）。" +"`MutexGuard`: Uses OS level primitives which must be deallocated on the thread " +"which created them." +msgstr "`MutexGuard`：使用操作系统级别的原语，必须在创建它们的线程上进行释放。" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:34 msgid "`!Send + !Sync`" msgstr "`!Send + !Sync`" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:36 msgid "These types are not thread-safe and cannot be moved to other threads:" msgstr "这些类型不是线程安全的，不能移动到其他线程：" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:38 msgid "" -"`Rc`: each `Rc` has a reference to an `RcBox`, which contains a non-" -"atomic reference count." -msgstr "" -"`Rc`：每个 `Rc` 都具有对 `RcBox` 的引用，其中包含 非原子引用计数。" +"`Rc`: each `Rc` has a reference to an `RcBox`, which contains a non-atomic " +"reference count." +msgstr "`Rc`：每个 `Rc` 都具有对 `RcBox` 的引用，其中包含 非原子引用计数。" -#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md +#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:40 msgid "" "`*const T`, `*mut T`: Rust assumes raw pointers may have special concurrency " "considerations." -msgstr "" -"`*const T`、`*mut T`：Rust 会假定原始指针可能 在并发方面有特殊的注意事项。" - -#: src/concurrency/shared_state.md -msgid "" -"Rust uses the type system to enforce synchronization of shared data. This is " -"primarily done via two types:" -msgstr "Rust 使用类型系统来强制同步共享数据。这主要 通过两种类型实现：" +msgstr "`*const T`、`*mut T`：Rust 会假定原始指针可能 在并发方面有特殊的注意事项。" -#: src/concurrency/shared_state.md -msgid "" -"[`Arc`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html), atomic " -"reference counted `T`: handles sharing between threads and takes care to " -"deallocate `T` when the last reference is dropped," -msgstr "" -"[`Arc`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html)，对 `T` 进行原" -"子计数：用于处理线程之间的共享，并负责 在最后一个引用被丢弃时取消分配 `T`。" +#: src/concurrency/shared-state.md +msgid "Arc" +msgstr "Arc" -#: src/concurrency/shared_state.md -msgid "" -"[`Mutex`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html): ensures " -"mutually exclusive access to the `T` value." -msgstr "" -"[`Mutex`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html)：确保对 " -"`T` 值的互斥访问。" +#: src/concurrency/shared-state.md +msgid "Mutex" +msgstr "Mutex" -#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md -msgid "" -"[`Arc`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html) allows shared " -"read-only access via `Arc::clone`:" -msgstr "" -"[`Arc`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html) 允许通过 " -"`Arc::clone` 实现共享只读权限：" +#: src/concurrency/shared-state/arc.md:3 +msgid "`Arc` allows shared read-only access via `Arc::clone`:" +msgstr "`Arc` 允许通过 `Arc::clone` 实现共享只读权限：" -#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md +#: src/concurrency/shared-state/arc.md:16 msgid "\"{thread_id:?}: {v:?}\"" msgstr "\"{thread_id:?}: {v:?}\"" -#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md +#: src/concurrency/shared-state/arc.md:21 src/concurrency/shared-state/example.md:17 +#: src/concurrency/shared-state/example.md:46 msgid "\"v: {v:?}\"" msgstr "\"v: {v:?}\"" -#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md +#: src/concurrency/shared-state/arc.md:30 msgid "" -"`Arc` stands for \"Atomic Reference Counted\", a thread safe version of `Rc` " -"that uses atomic operations." +"`Arc` stands for \"Atomic Reference Counted\", a thread safe version of `Rc` that uses " +"atomic operations." msgstr "`Arc` 代表“原子引用计数”，它是使用原子操作的 `Rc` 的 线程安全版本。" -#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/shared-state/arc.md:32 msgid "" -"`Arc` implements `Clone` whether or not `T` does. It implements `Send` " -"and `Sync` if and only if `T` implements them both." +"`Arc` implements `Clone` whether or not `T` does. It implements `Send` and `Sync` if " +"and only if `T` implements them both." msgstr "" -"无论 `T` 是否实现 `Clone`，`Arc` 都会实现 `Clone`。如果 `T` 实现了 `Send` " -"和 `Sync`，`Arc` 便会 实现二者。" +"无论 `T` 是否实现 `Clone`，`Arc` 都会实现 `Clone`。如果 `T` 实现了 `Send` 和 `Sync`，" +"`Arc` 便会 实现二者。" -#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md +#: src/concurrency/shared-state/arc.md:34 msgid "" -"`Arc::clone()` has the cost of atomic operations that get executed, but " -"after that the use of the `T` is free." +"`Arc::clone()` has the cost of atomic operations that get executed, but after that the " +"use of the `T` is free." msgstr "" -"`Arc::clone()` 在执行原子操作方面有开销，但在此之后，`T` 便可 随意使用，而没" -"有任何开销。" +"`Arc::clone()` 在执行原子操作方面有开销，但在此之后，`T` 便可 随意使用，而没有任何开销。" -#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md -msgid "" -"Beware of reference cycles, `Arc` does not use a garbage collector to detect " -"them." +#: src/concurrency/shared-state/arc.md:36 +msgid "Beware of reference cycles, `Arc` does not use a garbage collector to detect them." msgstr "请警惕引用循环，`Arc` 不会使用垃圾回收器检测引用循环。" -#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md +#: src/concurrency/shared-state/arc.md:38 msgid "`std::sync::Weak` can help." msgstr "`std::sync::Weak` 对此有所帮助。" -#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/shared-state/mutex.md:3 msgid "" -"[`Mutex`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html) ensures " -"mutual exclusion _and_ allows mutable access to `T` behind a read-only " -"interface (another form of [interior mutability](../../borrowing/interior-" -"mutability)):" -msgstr "" -"[`Mutex`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html) 能够确保互" -"斥，并允许对只读接口 后面的 `T` 进行可变访问：" +"`Mutex` ensures mutual exclusion _and_ allows mutable access to `T` behind a read-" +"only interface (another form of interior mutability):" +msgstr "`Mutex` 能够确保互斥，并允许对只读接口 后面的 `T` 进行可变访问：" -#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md +#: src/concurrency/shared-state/mutex.md:12 src/concurrency/shared-state/mutex.md:19 msgid "\"v: {:?}\"" msgstr "\"v: {:?}\"" -#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md -msgid "" -"Notice how we have a [`impl Sync for Mutex`](https://doc.rust-" -"lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html#impl-Sync-for-Mutex%3CT%3E) blanket " -"implementation." +#: src/concurrency/shared-state/mutex.md:23 +msgid "Notice how we have a `impl Sync for Mutex` blanket implementation." msgstr "" -"请注意我们如何设置 [`impl Sync for Mutex`](https://doc.rust-lang." -"org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html#impl-Sync-for-Mutex%3CT%3E) 通用 实现。" +"这个 `impl Sync for Mutex` 的泛型实现是 Rust 标准库的基本组成部分之一。" -#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/shared-state/mutex.md:33 msgid "" -"`Mutex` in Rust looks like a collection with just one element --- the " -"protected data." -msgstr "" -"Rust 中的互斥器看起来就像只包含一个元素的集合，其中的元素就是受保护的数据。" +"`Mutex` in Rust looks like a collection with just one element --- the protected data." +msgstr "在Rust中，`Mutex` 看起来像是只有一个元素（即受保护的数据）的集合。" -#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md +#: src/concurrency/shared-state/mutex.md:35 msgid "" -"It is not possible to forget to acquire the mutex before accessing the " -"protected data." +"It is not possible to forget to acquire the mutex before accessing the protected data." msgstr "在访问受保护的数据之前不可能忘记获取互斥量。" -#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md +#: src/concurrency/shared-state/mutex.md:37 msgid "" -"You can get an `&mut T` from an `&Mutex` by taking the lock. The " -"`MutexGuard` ensures that the `&mut T` doesn't outlive the lock being held." +"You can get an `&mut T` from an `&Mutex` by taking the lock. The `MutexGuard` ensures " +"that the `&mut T` doesn't outlive the lock being held." msgstr "" -"你可以通过获取锁，从 `&Mutex` 中获取 `&mut T`。`MutexGuard` 能够确保 " -"`&mut T` 存在的时间不会比持有锁的时间更长。" +"你可以通过获取锁，从 `&Mutex` 中获取 `&mut T`。`MutexGuard` 能够确保 `&mut T` 存在的时" +"间不会比持有锁的时间更长。" -#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/shared-state/mutex.md:39 msgid "" -"`Mutex` implements both `Send` and `Sync` iff (if and only if) `T` " -"implements `Send`." +"`Mutex` implements both `Send` and `Sync` iff (if and only if) `T` implements `Send`." msgstr "如果 `T` 实现了 `Send`，`Mutex` 便会实现 `Send` 和 `Sync`。" -#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/shared-state/mutex.md:41 msgid "A read-write lock counterpart: `RwLock`." msgstr "读写锁版本 - `RwLock`。" -#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/shared-state/mutex.md:42 msgid "Why does `lock()` return a `Result`?" msgstr "为什么 `lock()` 会返回 `Result`？" -#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md +#: src/concurrency/shared-state/mutex.md:43 msgid "" -"If the thread that held the `Mutex` panicked, the `Mutex` becomes " -"\"poisoned\" to signal that the data it protected might be in an " -"inconsistent state. Calling `lock()` on a poisoned mutex fails with a " -"[`PoisonError`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.PoisonError.html). " -"You can call `into_inner()` on the error to recover the data regardless." +"If the thread that held the `Mutex` panicked, the `Mutex` becomes \"poisoned\" to signal " +"that the data it protected might be in an inconsistent state. Calling `lock()` on a " +"poisoned mutex fails with a `PoisonError`. You can call `into_inner()` on the error to " +"recover the data regardless." msgstr "" -"如果持有 `Mutex` 的线程发生panic，`Mutex` 便会“中毒”并发出信号， 表明其所保护" -"的数据可能处于不一致状态。对中毒的互斥量调用 `lock()` 将会失败， 并将显示 " -"[`PoisonError`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.PoisonError.html)。" -"无论如何，你可以对该错误调用 `into_inner()` 来 恢复数据。" +"如果持有 `Mutex` 的线程发生panic，`Mutex` 便会“中毒”并发出信号， 表明其所保护的数据可能处" +"于不一致状态。对中毒的互斥量调用 `lock()` 将会失败， 并将显示 [`PoisonError`](https://" +"doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.PoisonError.html)。无论如何，你可以对该错误调用 " +"`into_inner()` 来 恢复数据。" -#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md +#: src/concurrency/shared-state/example.md:3 msgid "Let us see `Arc` and `Mutex` in action:" msgstr "让我们看看 `Arc` 和 `Mutex` 的实际效果：" -#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/shared-state/example.md:6 msgid "// use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};" -msgstr "// use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};\n" +msgstr "// use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};" -#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md +#: src/concurrency/shared-state/example.md:24 msgid "Possible solution:" msgstr "可能有用的解决方案：" -#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md +#: src/concurrency/shared-state/example.md:50 msgid "Notable parts:" msgstr "值得注意的部分：" -#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md -msgid "" -"`v` is wrapped in both `Arc` and `Mutex`, because their concerns are " -"orthogonal." +#: src/concurrency/shared-state/example.md:52 +msgid "`v` is wrapped in both `Arc` and `Mutex`, because their concerns are orthogonal." msgstr "`Arc` 和 `Mutex` 中都封装了 `v`，因为它们的关注点是正交的。" -#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md +#: src/concurrency/shared-state/example.md:54 msgid "" -"Wrapping a `Mutex` in an `Arc` is a common pattern to share mutable state " -"between threads." +"Wrapping a `Mutex` in an `Arc` is a common pattern to share mutable state between " +"threads." msgstr "将 `Mutex` 封装在 `Arc` 中是一种在线程之间共享可变状态的常见模式。" -#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md +#: src/concurrency/shared-state/example.md:56 msgid "" -"`v: Arc<_>` needs to be cloned as `v2` before it can be moved into another " -"thread. Note `move` was added to the lambda signature." +"`v: Arc<_>` needs to be cloned as `v2` before it can be moved into another thread. Note " +"`move` was added to the lambda signature." msgstr "" -"`v: Arc<_>` 必须先克隆为 `v2`，然后才能移动到另一个线程中。请注意，lambda 签" -"名中添加了 `move`。" +"`v: Arc<_>` 必须先克隆为 `v2`，然后才能移动到另一个线程中。请注意，lambda 签名中添加了 " +"`move`。" -#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md -msgid "" -"Blocks are introduced to narrow the scope of the `LockGuard` as much as " -"possible." +#: src/concurrency/shared-state/example.md:58 +msgid "Blocks are introduced to narrow the scope of the `LockGuard` as much as possible." msgstr "我们引入了块，以尽可能缩小 `LockGuard` 的作用域。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/morning.md -msgid "Let us practice our new concurrency skills with" -msgstr "现在通过" - -#: src/exercises/concurrency/morning.md -msgid "Dining philosophers: a classic problem in concurrency." -msgstr "哲学家用餐示例来练习我们新学习到的并发技巧：该示例是典型的并发问题。" - -#: src/exercises/concurrency/morning.md -msgid "" -"Multi-threaded link checker: a larger project where you'll use Cargo to " -"download dependencies and then check links in parallel." -msgstr "" -"多线程链接检查器：对于大型项目，需要使用 Cargo 下载依赖项，然后并行检查链接。" +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises.md src/concurrency/async-exercises.md +msgid "This segment should take about 1 hour and 10 minutes. It contains:" +msgstr "这个片段大约需要1小时10分钟。内容如下：" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:3 msgid "The dining philosophers problem is a classic problem in concurrency:" msgstr "哲学家用餐示例是一个典型的并发问题：" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:5 msgid "" -"Five philosophers dine together at the same table. Each philosopher has " -"their own place at the table. There is a fork between each plate. The dish " -"served is a kind of spaghetti which has to be eaten with two forks. Each " -"philosopher can only alternately think and eat. Moreover, a philosopher can " -"only eat their spaghetti when they have both a left and right fork. Thus two " -"forks will only be available when their two nearest neighbors are thinking, " -"not eating. After an individual philosopher finishes eating, they will put " +"Five philosophers dine together at the same table. Each philosopher has their own place " +"at the table. There is a fork between each plate. The dish served is a kind of spaghetti " +"which has to be eaten with two forks. Each philosopher can only alternately think and " +"eat. Moreover, a philosopher can only eat their spaghetti when they have both a left and " +"right fork. Thus two forks will only be available when their two nearest neighbors are " +"thinking, not eating. After an individual philosopher finishes eating, they will put " "down both forks." msgstr "" -"五位哲学家在同一桌子上用餐。每位哲学家在桌前都有自己的座位。每个盘子之间都有" -"一把叉子。上的菜品是一种意大利面，需要用两把叉子才能吃。每位哲学家只能交替进" -"行思考和用餐。此外，只有当哲学家们同时拿到左边和右边的叉子才能吃这个意大利" -"面。因此，只有当两旁坐着的人在思考，而非在吃面时，他们才能使用两把叉子。每位" -"哲学家吃完饭后，就会放下手中的两把叉子。" +"五位哲学家在同一桌子上用餐。每位哲学家在桌前都有自己的座位。每个盘子之间都有一把叉子。上" +"的菜品是一种意大利面，需要用两把叉子才能吃。每位哲学家只能交替进行思考和用餐。此外，只有" +"当哲学家们同时拿到左边和右边的叉子才能吃这个意大利面。因此，只有当两旁坐着的人在思考，而" +"非在吃面时，他们才能使用两把叉子。每位哲学家吃完饭后，就会放下手中的两把叉子。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:13 msgid "" -"You will need a local [Cargo installation](../../cargo/running-locally.md) " -"for this exercise. Copy the code below to a file called `src/main.rs`, fill " -"out the blanks, and test that `cargo run` does not deadlock:" -msgstr "" -"在本练习中，需要使用本地 [Cargo 安装](../../cargo/running-locally.md)。将以下" -"代码复制到名为 `src/main.rs` 的文件中，并填写空白的地方，然后测试 `cargo " -"run` 不会死锁：" - -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md -msgid "// left_fork: ..." -msgstr "" - -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md -msgid "// right_fork: ..." +"You will need a local Cargo installation for this exercise. Copy the code below to a " +"file called `src/main.rs`, fill out the blanks, and test that `cargo run` does not " +"deadlock:" msgstr "" +"在本练习中，需要使用本地 Cargo 安装。将以下代码复制到名为 `src/main.rs` 的文件中，并填写" +"空白的地方，然后测试 `cargo run` 不会死锁：" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md -msgid "// thoughts: ..." -msgstr "" +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:28 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:23 +msgid "// left_fork: ... // right_fork: ... // thoughts: ..." +msgstr "// left_fork: … // right_fork: … // thoughts: …" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:36 +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/solutions.md:22 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:31 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:23 msgid "\"Eureka! {} has a new idea!\"" msgstr "\"Eureka! {} has a new idea!\"" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:41 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:31 msgid "// Pick up forks..." -msgstr "// Pick up forks...\n" +msgstr "// Pick up forks..." -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:42 +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/solutions.md:31 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:38 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:51 msgid "\"{} is eating...\"" msgstr "\"{} is eating...\"" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:48 +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/solutions.md:37 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:44 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:59 msgid "\"Socrates\"" msgstr "\"Socrates\"" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:48 +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/solutions.md:37 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:44 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:59 msgid "\"Hypatia\"" msgstr "\"Hypatia\"" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:48 +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/solutions.md:37 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:44 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:59 msgid "\"Plato\"" msgstr "\"Plato\"" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:48 +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/solutions.md:37 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:44 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:59 msgid "\"Aristotle\"" msgstr "\"Aristotle\"" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:48 +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/solutions.md:37 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:44 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:59 msgid "\"Pythagoras\"" msgstr "\"Pythagoras\"" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:51 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:48 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:63 msgid "// Create forks" -msgstr "// Create forks\n" +msgstr "// 创建叉子" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:53 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:50 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:67 msgid "// Create philosophers" -msgstr "// Create philosophers\n" +msgstr "// 创建哲学家" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:55 msgid "// Make each of them think and eat 100 times" -msgstr "// Make each of them think and eat 100 times\n" +msgstr "// 让每个哲学家思考和进餐100次" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:57 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:54 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:95 msgid "// Output their thoughts" -msgstr "// Output their thoughts\n" +msgstr "// 输出他们的想法" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:61 msgid "You can use the following `Cargo.toml`:" msgstr "您可以使用以下 `Cargo.toml`：" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:65 msgid "" "```toml\n" "[package]\n" @@ -21016,55 +17858,41 @@ msgstr "" "edition = \"2021\"\n" "```" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/link-checker.md:3 msgid "" -"Let us use our new knowledge to create a multi-threaded link checker. It " -"should start at a webpage and check that links on the page are valid. It " -"should recursively check other pages on the same domain and keep doing this " -"until all pages have been validated." +"Let us use our new knowledge to create a multi-threaded link checker. It should start at " +"a webpage and check that links on the page are valid. It should recursively check other " +"pages on the same domain and keep doing this until all pages have been validated." msgstr "" -"运用掌握的新知识创建一个多线程链接检查工具。应先从网页入手，并检查网页上的链" -"接是否有效。该工具应以递归方式检查同一网域中的其他网页，并且一直执行此操作，" -"直到所有网页都通过验证。" +"运用掌握的新知识创建一个多线程链接检查工具。应先从网页入手，并检查网页上的链接是否有效。" +"该工具应以递归方式检查同一网域中的其他网页，并且一直执行此操作，直到所有网页都通过验证。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/link-checker.md:8 msgid "" -"For this, you will need an HTTP client such as [`reqwest`](https://docs.rs/" -"reqwest/). Create a new Cargo project and `reqwest` it as a dependency with:" +"For this, you will need an HTTP client such as `reqwest`. You will also need a way to " +"find links, we can use `scraper`. Finally, we'll need some way of handling errors, we " +"will use `thiserror`." msgstr "" -"为此，需要创建一个 HTTP 客户端，例如 [`reqwest`](https://docs.rs/reqwest/)。" -"创建新的 Cargo 项目，并使用以下命令通过 `reqwest` 将其作为依赖项：" +"为此，您将需要一个像`reqwest`这样的HTTP客户端。您还需要一种查找链接的方式，我们可以使用" +"`scraper`。最后，我们需要一种处理错误的方法，我们将使用`thiserror`。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md -msgid "" -"If `cargo add` fails with `error: no such subcommand`, then please edit the " -"`Cargo.toml` file by hand. Add the dependencies listed below." -msgstr "" -"如果 `cargo add` 操作失败并显示 `error: no such subcommand`，请手动修改 " -"`Cargo.toml` 文件。添加下面列出的依赖项。" - -#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md -msgid "" -"You will also need a way to find links. We can use [`scraper`](https://docs." -"rs/scraper/) for that:" -msgstr "" -"您还需要一种查找链接的方法。为此，我们可以使用 [`scraper`](https://docs.rs/" -"scraper/)：" +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/link-checker.md:12 +msgid "Create a new Cargo project and `reqwest` it as a dependency with:" +msgstr "创建一个新的 Cargo 项目，将 `reqwest` 添加为依赖，可以使用以下命令：" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/link-checker.md:22 msgid "" -"Finally, we'll need some way of handling errors. We use [`thiserror`]" -"(https://docs.rs/thiserror/) for that:" +"If `cargo add` fails with `error: no such subcommand`, then please edit the `Cargo.toml` " +"file by hand. Add the dependencies listed below." msgstr "" -"最后，我们需要某种处理错误的方法。为此，可以使用 [`thiserror`](https://docs." -"rs/thiserror/)：" +"如果 `cargo add` 操作失败并显示 `error: no such subcommand`，请手动修改 `Cargo.toml` 文" +"件。添加下面列出的依赖项。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md -msgid "" -"The `cargo add` calls will update the `Cargo.toml` file to look like this:" +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/link-checker.md:25 +msgid "The `cargo add` calls will update the `Cargo.toml` file to look like this:" msgstr "`cargo add` 调用会将 `Cargo.toml` 文件更新为如下所示：" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/link-checker.md:29 msgid "" "```toml\n" "[package]\n" @@ -21074,8 +17902,7 @@ msgid "" "publish = false\n" "\n" "[dependencies]\n" -"reqwest = { version = \"0.11.12\", features = [\"blocking\", \"rustls-" -"tls\"] }\n" +"reqwest = { version = \"0.11.12\", features = [\"blocking\", \"rustls-tls\"] }\n" "scraper = \"0.13.0\"\n" "thiserror = \"1.0.37\"\n" "```" @@ -21088,1212 +17915,1028 @@ msgstr "" "publish = false\n" "\n" "[dependencies]\n" -"reqwest = { version = \"0.11.12\", features = [\"blocking\", \"rustls-" -"tls\"] }\n" +"reqwest = { version = \"0.11.12\", features = [\"blocking\", \"rustls-tls\"] }\n" "scraper = \"0.13.0\"\n" "thiserror = \"1.0.37\"\n" "```" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/link-checker.md:42 msgid "" -"You can now download the start page. Try with a small site such as `https://" -"www.google.org/`." -msgstr "" -"您现在可以下载初始页了。请尝试使用一个小网站，例如 `https://www.google.org/" -"`。" +"You can now download the start page. Try with a small site such as `https://www.google." +"org/`." +msgstr "您现在可以下载初始页了。请尝试使用一个小网站，例如 `https://www.google.org/`。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/link-checker.md:45 msgid "Your `src/main.rs` file should look something like this:" msgstr "您的 `src/main.rs` 文件应如下所示：" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/link-checker.md:57 +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/solutions.md:93 msgid "\"request error: {0}\"" msgstr "\"request error: {0}\"" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/link-checker.md:59 +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/solutions.md:95 msgid "\"bad http response: {0}\"" msgstr "\"bad http response: {0}\"" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/link-checker.md:70 +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/solutions.md:106 msgid "\"Checking {:#}\"" msgstr "\"Checking {:#}\"" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/link-checker.md:88 +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/solutions.md:124 msgid "\"href\"" msgstr "\"href\"" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/link-checker.md:95 +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/solutions.md:131 msgid "\"On {base_url:#}: ignored unparsable {href:?}: {err}\"" msgstr "\"On {base_url:#}: ignored unparsable {href:?}: {err}\"" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/link-checker.md:104 +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/solutions.md:241 msgid "\"https://www.google.org\"" msgstr "\"https://www.google.org\"" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/link-checker.md:107 msgid "\"Links: {links:#?}\"" msgstr "\"Links: {links:#?}\"" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/link-checker.md:108 msgid "\"Could not extract links: {err:#}\"" msgstr "\"Could not extract links: {err:#}\"" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/link-checker.md:113 msgid "Run the code in `src/main.rs` with" msgstr "使用以下命令运行 `src/main.rs` 中的代码" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/link-checker.md:121 msgid "" -"Use threads to check the links in parallel: send the URLs to be checked to a " -"channel and let a few threads check the URLs in parallel." +"Use threads to check the links in parallel: send the URLs to be checked to a channel and " +"let a few threads check the URLs in parallel." msgstr "" -"通过线程并行检查链接：将要检查的网址发送到某个通道，然后使用多个线程并行检查" -"这些网址。" +"通过线程并行检查链接：将要检查的网址发送到某个通道，然后使用多个线程并行检查这些网址。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/link-checker.md:123 msgid "" -"Extend this to recursively extract links from all pages on the `www.google." -"org` domain. Put an upper limit of 100 pages or so so that you don't end up " -"being blocked by the site." +"Extend this to recursively extract links from all pages on the `www.google.org` domain. " +"Put an upper limit of 100 pages or so so that you don't end up being blocked by the site." msgstr "" -"您可以对此进行扩展，以递归方式从 `www.google.org` 网域的所有网页中提取链接。" -"设置网页上限（例如 100 个），以免被网站屏蔽。" - -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md -msgid "Concurrency Morning Exercise" -msgstr "并发编程：上午练习" +"您可以对此进行扩展，以递归方式从 `www.google.org` 网域的所有网页中提取链接。设置网页上限" +"（例如 100 个），以免被网站屏蔽。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md -msgid "([back to exercise](dining-philosophers.md))" -msgstr "([返回练习](dining-philosophers.md))" - -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/solutions.md:27 msgid "\"{} is trying to eat\"" msgstr "\"{} is trying to eat\"" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/solutions.md:51 msgid "" -"// To avoid a deadlock, we have to break the symmetry\n" -" // somewhere. This will swap the forks without deinitializing\n" -" // either of them.\n" +"// To avoid a deadlock, we have to break the symmetry // somewhere. This will swap the " +"forks without deinitializing // either of them." msgstr "" -"// To avoid a deadlock, we have to break the symmetry\n" -" // somewhere. This will swap the forks without deinitializing\n" -" // either of them.\n" +"// 为了避免死锁，我们必须在某个地方打破对称性。\n" +"// 这将交换叉子，而不会将它们中的任何一个反初始化。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/solutions.md:75 msgid "\"{thought}\"" msgstr "\"{thought}\"" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/solutions.md:80 msgid "Link Checker" -msgstr "多线程链接检查器" - -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "([back to exercise](link-checker.md))" -msgstr "([返回练习](luhn.md))" +msgstr "链接检查器" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md -msgid "" -"/// Determine whether links within the given page should be extracted.\n" -msgstr "" -"/// Determine whether links within the given page should be extracted.\n" +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/solutions.md:150 +msgid "/// Determine whether links within the given page should be extracted." +msgstr "/// 确定是否应该提取给定页面中的链接。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/solutions.md:158 msgid "" -"/// Mark the given page as visited, returning false if it had already\n" -" /// been visited.\n" -msgstr "" -"/// Mark the given page as visited, returning false if it had already\n" -" /// been visited.\n" +"/// Mark the given page as visited, returning false if it had already /// been visited." +msgstr "/// 标记给定页面为已访问，如果已经访问过则返回 false。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md -msgid "// The sender got dropped. No more commands coming in.\n" -msgstr "// The sender got dropped. No more commands coming in.\n" +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/solutions.md:184 +msgid "// The sender got dropped. No more commands coming in." +msgstr "// 发送方已经被丢弃。没有更多的命令传入。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/solutions.md:225 msgid "\"Got crawling error: {:#}\"" msgstr "\"Got crawling error: {:#}\"" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md +#: src/concurrency/sync-exercises/solutions.md:243 msgid "\"Bad URLs: {:#?}\"" msgstr "\"Bad URLs: {:#?}\"" -#: src/async.md -msgid "Async Rust" -msgstr "异步 Rust" - -#: src/async.md +#: src/concurrency/welcome-async.md msgid "" -"\"Async\" is a concurrency model where multiple tasks are executed " -"concurrently by executing each task until it would block, then switching to " -"another task that is ready to make progress. The model allows running a " -"larger number of tasks on a limited number of threads. This is because the " -"per-task overhead is typically very low and operating systems provide " -"primitives for efficiently identifying I/O that is able to proceed." +"\"Async\" is a concurrency model where multiple tasks are executed concurrently by " +"executing each task until it would block, then switching to another task that is ready " +"to make progress. The model allows running a larger number of tasks on a limited number " +"of threads. This is because the per-task overhead is typically very low and operating " +"systems provide primitives for efficiently identifying I/O that is able to proceed." msgstr "" -"“异步”是一种并发模型，可以同时执行多个任务。具体做法是逐个执行任务直至阻塞，" -"然后切换到另一项可以继续进行的任务。该模型支持在有限数量的线程上运行更多任" -"务。原因在于，每个任务的开销通常很低，并且操作系统提供了基元来高效识别能够执" -"行的 I/O 任务。" +"“异步”是一种并发模型，可以同时执行多个任务。具体做法是逐个执行任务直至阻塞，然后切换到另" +"一项可以继续进行的任务。该模型支持在有限数量的线程上运行更多任务。原因在于，每个任务的开" +"销通常很低，并且操作系统提供了基元来高效识别能够执行的 I/O 任务。" -#: src/async.md +#: src/concurrency/welcome-async.md msgid "" -"Rust's asynchronous operation is based on \"futures\", which represent work " -"that may be completed in the future. Futures are \"polled\" until they " -"signal that they are complete." +"Rust's asynchronous operation is based on \"futures\", which represent work that may be " +"completed in the future. Futures are \"polled\" until they signal that they are complete." msgstr "" -"Rust 的异步操作基于 \"Futures\" 来实现，即表示未来可能完成的工作。系统会对这" -"些 Future 进行 “轮询”，直到显示全部已完成。" +"Rust 的异步操作基于 \"Futures\" 来实现，即表示未来可能完成的工作。系统会对这些 Future 进" +"行 “轮询”，直到显示全部已完成。" -#: src/async.md +#: src/concurrency/welcome-async.md msgid "" -"Futures are polled by an async runtime, and several different runtimes are " -"available." +"Futures are polled by an async runtime, and several different runtimes are available." msgstr "由异步运行时对这些 Future 进行轮询，并且有多种不同的运行时可供选择。" -#: src/async.md +#: src/concurrency/welcome-async.md msgid "" -"Python has a similar model in its `asyncio`. However, its `Future` type is " -"callback-based, and not polled. Async Python programs require a \"loop\", " -"similar to a runtime in Rust." +"Python has a similar model in its `asyncio`. However, its `Future` type is callback-" +"based, and not polled. Async Python programs require a \"loop\", similar to a runtime in " +"Rust." msgstr "" -"Python 的 `asyncio` 中也有类似的模型。不过，其 `Future` 类型基于回调的实现方" -"式，而非通过轮询。使用异步 Python 程序需要类似于 Rust 中运行时的 “循环” 进行" -"管理。" +"Python 的 `asyncio` 中也有类似的模型。不过，其 `Future` 类型基于回调的实现方式，而非通过" +"轮询。使用异步 Python 程序需要类似于 Rust 中运行时的 “循环” 进行管理。" -#: src/async.md +#: src/concurrency/welcome-async.md msgid "" -"JavaScript's `Promise` is similar, but again callback-based. The language " -"runtime implements the event loop, so many of the details of Promise " -"resolution are hidden." +"JavaScript's `Promise` is similar, but again callback-based. The language runtime " +"implements the event loop, so many of the details of Promise resolution are hidden." msgstr "" -"JavaScript 的 `Promise` 与之类似，但同样基于回调的实现方式。语言运行时实现了" -"事件循环，因此许多与 Promise 解析相关的细节被隐藏起来。" +"JavaScript 的 `Promise` 与之类似，但同样基于回调的实现方式。语言运行时实现了事件循环，因" +"此许多与 Promise 解析相关的细节被隐藏起来。" -#: src/async/async-await.md -msgid "" -"At a high level, async Rust code looks very much like \"normal\" sequential " -"code:" +#: src/concurrency/async.md +msgid "async/await" +msgstr "async/await" + +#: src/concurrency/async/async-await.md:3 +msgid "At a high level, async Rust code looks very much like \"normal\" sequential code:" msgstr "从高层次上看，异步 Rust 代码与“正常”的顺序代码非常类似：" -#: src/async/async-await.md +#: src/concurrency/async/async-await.md:10 msgid "\"Count is: {i}!\"" msgstr "\"Count is: {i}!\"" -#: src/async/async-await.md +#: src/concurrency/async/async-await.md:28 msgid "" -"Note that this is a simplified example to show the syntax. There is no long " -"running operation or any real concurrency in it!" +"Note that this is a simplified example to show the syntax. There is no long running " +"operation or any real concurrency in it!" msgstr "" -"请注意，这只是一个简单的示例，用于展示语法。其中没有长时间运行的操作或任何真" -"正的并发！" +"请注意，这只是一个简单的示例，用于展示语法。其中没有长时间运行的操作或任何真正的并发！" -#: src/async/async-await.md +#: src/concurrency/async/async-await.md:31 msgid "What is the return type of an async call?" msgstr "异步调用的返回类型是什么？" -#: src/async/async-await.md +#: src/concurrency/async/async-await.md:32 msgid "Use `let future: () = async_main(10);` in `main` to see the type." msgstr "在 `main` 中使用 `let future: () = async_main(10);` 来查看类型。" -#: src/async/async-await.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async/async-await.md:34 msgid "" -"The \"async\" keyword is syntactic sugar. The compiler replaces the return " -"type with a future." +"The \"async\" keyword is syntactic sugar. The compiler replaces the return type with a " +"future." msgstr "\"async\" 关键字是语法糖。编译器会将返回类型替换为 future。" -#: src/async/async-await.md +#: src/concurrency/async/async-await.md:37 msgid "" -"You cannot make `main` async, without additional instructions to the " -"compiler on how to use the returned future." +"You cannot make `main` async, without additional instructions to the compiler on how to " +"use the returned future." msgstr "" -"你不能将 `main` 声明为异步函数，除非在编译器中加入额外的指令来告诉它如何使用" -"返回的 future。" +"你不能将 `main` 声明为异步函数，除非在编译器中加入额外的指令来告诉它如何使用返回的 " +"future。" -#: src/async/async-await.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async/async-await.md:40 msgid "" -"You need an executor to run async code. `block_on` blocks the current thread " -"until the provided future has run to completion." +"You need an executor to run async code. `block_on` blocks the current thread until the " +"provided future has run to completion." msgstr "" -"你需要一个执行器来运行异步代码。`block_on`会阻塞当前线程，直到提供的future完" -"成为止。 " +"你需要一个执行器来运行异步代码。`block_on`会阻塞当前线程，直到提供的future完成为止。" -#: src/async/async-await.md +#: src/concurrency/async/async-await.md:43 msgid "" -"`.await` asynchronously waits for the completion of another operation. " -"Unlike `block_on`, `.await` doesn't block the current thread." +"`.await` asynchronously waits for the completion of another operation. Unlike " +"`block_on`, `.await` doesn't block the current thread." msgstr "" -"`.await` 会异步地等待另一个操作的完成。与 `block_on` 不同，`.await` 不会阻塞" -"当前线程。" +"`.await` 会异步地等待另一个操作的完成。与 `block_on` 不同，`.await` 不会阻塞当前线程。" -#: src/async/async-await.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async/async-await.md:46 msgid "" -"`.await` can only be used inside an `async` function (or block; these are " -"introduced later)." -msgstr "`.await` 只能在 `async` 函数（或块，这些稍后会介绍）中使用。 " +"`.await` can only be used inside an `async` function (or block; these are introduced " +"later)." +msgstr "`.await` 只能在 `async` 函数（或块，这些稍后会介绍）中使用。" -#: src/async/futures.md +#: src/concurrency/async/futures.md:3 msgid "" -"[`Future`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/future/trait.Future.html) is a " -"trait, implemented by objects that represent an operation that may not be " -"complete yet. A future can be polled, and `poll` returns a [`Poll`](https://" -"doc.rust-lang.org/std/task/enum.Poll.html)." +"`Future` is a trait, implemented by objects that represent an operation that may not be " +"complete yet. A future can be polled, and `poll` returns a `Poll`." msgstr "" -"[`Future`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/future/trait.Future.html) 是一种 " -"trait，由表示尚未完成的操作的对象所实现。可以轮询 Future，并且 `poll` 会返回 " -"一个 [`Poll`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/task/enum.Poll.html) 对象。" +"`Future` 是一个 trait，由表示可能尚未完成的操作的对象实现。一个 future 可以被轮询，" +"`poll` 返回一个 `Poll`。" -#: src/async/futures.md +#: src/concurrency/async/futures.md:23 msgid "" -"An async function returns an `impl Future`. It's also possible (but " -"uncommon) to implement `Future` for your own types. For example, the " -"`JoinHandle` returned from `tokio::spawn` implements `Future` to allow " -"joining to it." +"An async function returns an `impl Future`. It's also possible (but uncommon) to " +"implement `Future` for your own types. For example, the `JoinHandle` returned from " +"`tokio::spawn` implements `Future` to allow joining to it." msgstr "" -"异步函数会返回 `impl Future`。对于自定义的类型，也可以实现 `Future`（但不常" -"见）。例如，从 `tokio::spawn` 返回的 `JoinHandle` 会实现 `Future`，以允许加入" -"该任务。" +"异步函数会返回 `impl Future`。对于自定义的类型，也可以实现 `Future`（但不常见）。例如，" +"从 `tokio::spawn` 返回的 `JoinHandle` 会实现 `Future`，以允许加入该任务。" -#: src/async/futures.md +#: src/concurrency/async/futures.md:27 msgid "" -"The `.await` keyword, applied to a Future, causes the current async function " -"to pause until that Future is ready, and then evaluates to its output." +"The `.await` keyword, applied to a Future, causes the current async function to pause " +"until that Future is ready, and then evaluates to its output." msgstr "" -"在 Future 中使用 `.await` 关键字会导致当前异步函数暂停，直到该 Future 准备就" -"绪，然后计算其输出。" +"在 Future 中使用 `.await` 关键字会导致当前异步函数暂停，直到该 Future 准备就绪，然后计算" +"其输出。" -#: src/async/futures.md +#: src/concurrency/async/futures.md:33 msgid "" -"The `Future` and `Poll` types are implemented exactly as shown; click the " -"links to show the implementations in the docs." -msgstr "" -"`Future` 和 `Poll` 类型的实现完全如下所示：请点击链接查看文档中的实现。" +"The `Future` and `Poll` types are implemented exactly as shown; click the links to show " +"the implementations in the docs." +msgstr "`Future` 和 `Poll` 类型的实现完全如下所示：请点击链接查看文档中的实现。" -#: src/async/futures.md +#: src/concurrency/async/futures.md:36 msgid "" -"We will not get to `Pin` and `Context`, as we will focus on writing async " -"code, rather than building new async primitives. Briefly:" +"We will not get to `Pin` and `Context`, as we will focus on writing async code, rather " +"than building new async primitives. Briefly:" msgstr "" -"我们的重点在于编写异步代码，而不是构建新的异步基元，因此不会涉及 `Pin` 和 " -"`Context`。简言之：" +"我们的重点在于编写异步代码，而不是构建新的异步基元，因此不会涉及 `Pin` 和 `Context`。简言" +"之：" -#: src/async/futures.md +#: src/concurrency/async/futures.md:39 msgid "" -"`Context` allows a Future to schedule itself to be polled again when an " -"event occurs." +"`Context` allows a Future to schedule itself to be polled again when an event occurs." msgstr "通过 `Context`，Future 在事件发生时可自行安排重新进行轮询。" -#: src/async/futures.md +#: src/concurrency/async/futures.md:42 msgid "" -"`Pin` ensures that the Future isn't moved in memory, so that pointers into " -"that future remain valid. This is required to allow references to remain " -"valid after an `.await`." +"`Pin` ensures that the Future isn't moved in memory, so that pointers into that future " +"remain valid. This is required to allow references to remain valid after an `.await`." msgstr "" -"`Pin` 确保 Future 不会移到内存中，以便指向该 Future 的指针仍然有效。为了确保" -"使用 `.await` 之后引用依然有效，必须执行此操作。" +"`Pin` 确保 Future 不会移到内存中，以便指向该 Future 的指针仍然有效。为了确保使用 `." +"await` 之后引用依然有效，必须执行此操作。" -#: src/async/runtimes.md +#: src/concurrency/async/runtimes.md:3 msgid "" -"A _runtime_ provides support for performing operations asynchronously (a " -"_reactor_) and is responsible for executing futures (an _executor_). Rust " -"does not have a \"built-in\" runtime, but several options are available:" +"A _runtime_ provides support for performing operations asynchronously (a _reactor_) and " +"is responsible for executing futures (an _executor_). Rust does not have a \"built-in\" " +"runtime, but several options are available:" msgstr "" -"_运行时_ 支持异步执行操作（即 _反应器），并负责执行 Future （即 _执行器）。" -"Rust 没有 “内置”运行时，但有以下几个选项可供选择：" +"_运行时_ 支持异步执行操作（即 _反应器），并负责执行 Future （即 _执行器）。Rust 没有 “内" +"置”运行时，但有以下几个选项可供选择：" -#: src/async/runtimes.md +#: src/concurrency/async/runtimes.md:7 msgid "" -"[Tokio](https://tokio.rs/): performant, with a well-developed ecosystem of " -"functionality like [Hyper](https://hyper.rs/) for HTTP or [Tonic](https://" -"github.com/hyperium/tonic) for gRPC." +"Tokio: performant, with a well-developed ecosystem of functionality like Hyper for HTTP " +"or Tonic for gRPC." msgstr "" -"[Tokio](https://tokio.rs/)：性能出色，拥有成熟的功能生态系统，例如适用于 " -"HTTP 的 [Hyper](https://hyper.rs/) 或 适用于 gRPC 的 [Tonic](https://github." -"com/hyperium/tonic)。" +"Tokio 是一个高性能的异步运行时，拥有像 Hyper（用于 HTTP）或 Tonic（用于 gRPC）这样的功能" +"丰富的生态系统。" -#: src/async/runtimes.md +#: src/concurrency/async/runtimes.md:10 msgid "" -"[async-std](https://async.rs/): aims to be a \"std for async\", and includes " -"a basic runtime in `async::task`." -msgstr "" -"[async-std](https://async.rs/)：旨在成为 “异步编程的标准库”，并在 `async::" -"task` 中包含基本运行时。" +"async-std: aims to be a \"std for async\", and includes a basic runtime in `async::task`." +msgstr "async-std 的目标是成为 “异步标准库”，并在 `async::task` 中包含了一个基本的运行时。" -#: src/async/runtimes.md -msgid "[smol](https://docs.rs/smol/latest/smol/): simple and lightweight" -msgstr "[smol](https://docs.rs/smol/latest/smol/)：简单且轻量" +#: src/concurrency/async/runtimes.md:12 +msgid "smol: simple and lightweight" +msgstr "smol：简单轻量" -#: src/async/runtimes.md +#: src/concurrency/async/runtimes.md:14 msgid "" -"Several larger applications have their own runtimes. For example, [Fuchsia]" -"(https://fuchsia.googlesource.com/fuchsia/+/refs/heads/main/src/lib/fuchsia-" -"async/src/lib.rs) already has one." -msgstr "" -"有些大型应用具有自己的运行时。例如，[Fuchsia](https://fuchsia.googlesource." -"com/fuchsia/+/refs/heads/main/src/lib/fuchsia-async/src/lib.rs) 已有一个运行" -"时。" +"Several larger applications have their own runtimes. For example, Fuchsia already has " +"one." +msgstr "一些更大的应用程序拥有自己的运行时。例如，Fuchsia 已经有了一个。" -#: src/async/runtimes.md +#: src/concurrency/async/runtimes.md:21 msgid "" -"Note that of the listed runtimes, only Tokio is supported in the Rust " -"playground. The playground also does not permit any I/O, so most interesting " -"async things can't run in the playground." +"Note that of the listed runtimes, only Tokio is supported in the Rust playground. The " +"playground also does not permit any I/O, so most interesting async things can't run in " +"the playground." msgstr "" -"请注意，在列出的运行时中，Rust Playground 仅支持 Tokio。该 Playground 也不支" -"持任何 I/O 操作，因此大多数有趣的异步操作无法在该平台上运行。" +"请注意，在列出的运行时中，Rust Playground 仅支持 Tokio。该 Playground 也不支持任何 I/O 操" +"作，因此大多数有趣的异步操作无法在该平台上运行。" -#: src/async/runtimes.md +#: src/concurrency/async/runtimes.md:25 msgid "" -"Futures are \"inert\" in that they do not do anything (not even start an I/O " -"operation) unless there is an executor polling them. This differs from JS " -"Promises, for example, which will run to completion even if they are never " -"used." +"Futures are \"inert\" in that they do not do anything (not even start an I/O operation) " +"unless there is an executor polling them. This differs from JS Promises, for example, " +"which will run to completion even if they are never used." msgstr "" -"Future 是 “惯性”的，除非有执行程序对其进行轮询，否则它们不会执行任何操作（甚" -"至不会启动 I/O 操作）。这与 JS promise 不同，例如，后者即使从未使用也会完成运" -"行过程。" +"Future 是 “惯性”的，除非有执行程序对其进行轮询，否则它们不会执行任何操作（甚至不会启动 I/" +"O 操作）。这与 JS promise 不同，例如，后者即使从未使用也会完成运行过程。" -#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async/runtimes/tokio.md:3 msgid "Tokio provides:" msgstr "Tokio 提供：" -#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md +#: src/concurrency/async/runtimes/tokio.md:5 msgid "A multi-threaded runtime for executing asynchronous code." msgstr "用于执行异步代码的多线程运行时。" -#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async/runtimes/tokio.md:6 msgid "An asynchronous version of the standard library." msgstr "异步版本的标准库。" -#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md +#: src/concurrency/async/runtimes/tokio.md:7 msgid "A large ecosystem of libraries." msgstr "庞大的库生态系统。" -#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md +#: src/concurrency/async/runtimes/tokio.md:14 msgid "\"Count in task: {i}!\"" msgstr "\"Count in task: {i}!\"" -#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md +#: src/concurrency/async/runtimes/tokio.md:24 msgid "\"Main task: {i}\"" msgstr "\"Main task: {i}\"" -#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md +#: src/concurrency/async/runtimes/tokio.md:32 msgid "With the `tokio::main` macro we can now make `main` async." msgstr "借助 `tokio::main` 宏，我们现在可以将 `main` 设为异步函数。" -#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md +#: src/concurrency/async/runtimes/tokio.md:34 msgid "The `spawn` function creates a new, concurrent \"task\"." msgstr "`spawn` 函数会创建新的并发 “任务”。" -#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md +#: src/concurrency/async/runtimes/tokio.md:36 msgid "Note: `spawn` takes a `Future`, you don't call `.await` on `count_to`." -msgstr "" -"注意：`spawn` 使用 `Future` 方法实现，而不是对 `count_to` 调用 `.await`。" +msgstr "注意：`spawn` 使用 `Future` 方法实现，而不是对 `count_to` 调用 `.await`。" -#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md +#: src/concurrency/async/runtimes/tokio.md:38 msgid "**Further exploration:**" -msgstr "**深入探索**：" +msgstr "**深入探索：**" -#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md +#: src/concurrency/async/runtimes/tokio.md:40 msgid "" -"Why does `count_to` not (usually) get to 10? This is an example of async " -"cancellation. `tokio::spawn` returns a handle which can be awaited to wait " -"until it finishes." +"Why does `count_to` not (usually) get to 10? This is an example of async cancellation. " +"`tokio::spawn` returns a handle which can be awaited to wait until it finishes." msgstr "" -"为何 `count_to` 通常无法计数到 10？这是一个异步取消的示例。`tokio::spawn` 会" -"返回一个句柄，可以等待该句柄直至其代表的任务执行完毕。" +"为何 `count_to` 通常无法计数到 10？这是一个异步取消的示例。`tokio::spawn` 会返回一个句" +"柄，可以等待该句柄直至其代表的任务执行完毕。" -#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md +#: src/concurrency/async/runtimes/tokio.md:44 msgid "Try `count_to(10).await` instead of spawning." msgstr "尝试使用 `count_to(10).await`，而不是派生方法。" -#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md +#: src/concurrency/async/runtimes/tokio.md:46 msgid "Try awaiting the task returned from `tokio::spawn`." msgstr "尝试等待 `tokio::spawn` 返回的任务执行完毕。" -#: src/async/tasks.md +#: src/concurrency/async/tasks.md:3 msgid "Rust has a task system, which is a form of lightweight threading." msgstr "Rust 有一个任务系统，这是一种轻量级线程处理形式。" -#: src/async/tasks.md +#: src/concurrency/async/tasks.md:5 msgid "" -"A task has a single top-level future which the executor polls to make " -"progress. That future may have one or more nested futures that its `poll` " -"method polls, corresponding loosely to a call stack. Concurrency within a " -"task is possible by polling multiple child futures, such as racing a timer " -"and an I/O operation." +"A task has a single top-level future which the executor polls to make progress. That " +"future may have one or more nested futures that its `poll` method polls, corresponding " +"loosely to a call stack. Concurrency within a task is possible by polling multiple child " +"futures, such as racing a timer and an I/O operation." msgstr "" -"每个任务只有一个顶级 Future，执行器会对此进行轮询来推进任务进度。该 Future 可" -"能包含一个或多个嵌套的 Future，可以通过其 `poll` 方法对它们进行轮询，类似于调" -"用堆栈。可以通过轮询多个子 Future（例如争用定时器和 I/O 操作）在任务内部实现" -"并发操作。" +"每个任务只有一个顶级 Future，执行器会对此进行轮询来推进任务进度。该 Future 可能包含一个或" +"多个嵌套的 Future，可以通过其 `poll` 方法对它们进行轮询，类似于调用堆栈。可以通过轮询多个" +"子 Future（例如争用定时器和 I/O 操作）在任务内部实现并发操作。" -#: src/async/tasks.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async/tasks.md:16 msgid "\"127.0.0.1:0\"" -msgstr "\"127.0.0.1:2000\"" +msgstr "\"127.0.0.1:0”" -#: src/async/tasks.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async/tasks.md:17 msgid "\"listening on port {}\"" -msgstr "\"listening on port 6142\"" +msgstr "“listening on port {}”" -#: src/async/tasks.md +#: src/concurrency/async/tasks.md:22 msgid "\"connection from {addr:?}\"" msgstr "\"connection from {addr:?}\"" -#: src/async/tasks.md +#: src/concurrency/async/tasks.md:25 msgid "b\"Who are you?\\n\"" msgstr "b\"Who are you?\\n\"" -#: src/async/tasks.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async/tasks.md:25 src/concurrency/async/tasks.md:28 +#: src/concurrency/async/tasks.md:31 msgid "\"socket error\"" -msgstr "\"socket error: {e:?}\"" +msgstr "“socket error”" -#: src/async/tasks.md +#: src/concurrency/async/tasks.md:30 msgid "\"Thanks for dialing in, {name}!\\n\"" msgstr "\"Thanks for dialing in, {name}!\\n\"" -#: src/async/tasks.md src/async/control-flow/join.md -msgid "" -"Copy this example into your prepared `src/main.rs` and run it from there." +#: src/concurrency/async/tasks.md:40 src/concurrency/async-control-flow/join.md:37 +msgid "Copy this example into your prepared `src/main.rs` and run it from there." msgstr "将此示例复制到准备好的 `src/main.rs` 文件中，并从该文件运行它。" -#: src/async/tasks.md -msgid "" -"Try connecting to it with a TCP connection tool like [nc](https://www.unix." -"com/man-page/linux/1/nc/) or [telnet](https://www.unix.com/man-page/linux/1/" -"telnet/)." -msgstr "" -"请尝试使用像 [nc](https://www.unix.com/man-page/linux/1/nc/) 或 [telnet]" -"(https://www.unix.com/man-page/linux/1/telnet/) 这样的 TCP 连接工具进行连接。" +#: src/concurrency/async/tasks.md:42 +msgid "Try connecting to it with a TCP connection tool like nc or telnet." +msgstr "尝试使用类似 nc 或 telnet 的 TCP 连接工具连接到它。" -#: src/async/tasks.md +#: src/concurrency/async/tasks.md:46 msgid "" -"Ask students to visualize what the state of the example server would be with " -"a few connected clients. What tasks exist? What are their Futures?" +"Ask students to visualize what the state of the example server would be with a few " +"connected clients. What tasks exist? What are their Futures?" msgstr "" -"让学生想象一下，当连接多个客户端时，示例服务器会达到怎样的状态。存在哪些任" -"务？具有哪些 Future？" +"让学生想象一下，当连接多个客户端时，示例服务器会达到怎样的状态。存在哪些任务？具有哪些 " +"Future？" -#: src/async/tasks.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async/tasks.md:49 msgid "" -"This is the first time we've seen an `async` block. This is similar to a " -"closure, but does not take any arguments. Its return value is a Future, " -"similar to an `async fn`." +"This is the first time we've seen an `async` block. This is similar to a closure, but " +"does not take any arguments. Its return value is a Future, similar to an `async fn`." msgstr "" -"这是我们首次看到 `async` 代码块。这与闭包类似，但不采用任何参数。该代码块的返" -"回值是 Future，类似于 `async fn`。" +"这是我们首次看到 `async` 代码块。这与闭包类似，但不采用任何参数。该代码块的返回值是 " +"Future，类似于 `async fn`。" -#: src/async/tasks.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"Refactor the async block into a function, and improve the error handling " -"using `?`." +#: src/concurrency/async/tasks.md:53 +msgid "Refactor the async block into a function, and improve the error handling using `?`." msgstr "将 async 代码块重构为一个函数，并使用 `?` 优化错误处理。" -#: src/async/channels.md -msgid "" -"Several crates have support for asynchronous channels. For instance `tokio`:" +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/channels.md:3 +msgid "Several crates have support for asynchronous channels. For instance `tokio`:" msgstr "有些 crate 支持使用异步通道。例如 `tokio`：" -#: src/async/channels.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/channels.md:13 msgid "\"Received {count} pings so far.\"" msgstr "\"Received {count} pings so far.\"" -#: src/async/channels.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/channels.md:16 msgid "\"ping_handler complete\"" msgstr "\"ping_handler complete\"" -#: src/async/channels.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/channels.md:24 msgid "\"Failed to send ping.\"" msgstr "\"Failed to send ping.\"" -#: src/async/channels.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/channels.md:25 msgid "\"Sent {} pings so far.\"" msgstr "\"Sent {} pings so far.\"" -#: src/async/channels.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/channels.md:29 msgid "\"Something went wrong in ping handler task.\"" msgstr "\"Something went wrong in ping handler task.\"" -#: src/async/channels.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/channels.md:36 msgid "Change the channel size to `3` and see how it affects the execution." msgstr "将通道大小更改为 `3`，然后看看对操作执行会有什么影响。" -#: src/async/channels.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/channels.md:38 msgid "" -"Overall, the interface is similar to the `sync` channels as seen in the " -"[morning class](concurrency/channels.md)." -msgstr "" -"总体而言，该接口类似于 [上午课程](concurrency/channels.md) 中所讲的 `sync` 通" -"道。" +"Overall, the interface is similar to the `sync` channels as seen in the morning class." +msgstr "总体而言，该接口类似于 [上午课程](concurrency/channels.md) 中所讲的 `sync` 通道。" -#: src/async/channels.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/channels.md:41 msgid "Try removing the `std::mem::drop` call. What happens? Why?" msgstr "尝试移除 `std::mem::drop` 调用。会出现什么情况？这是为什么？" -#: src/async/channels.md -msgid "" -"The [Flume](https://docs.rs/flume/latest/flume/) crate has channels that " -"implement both `sync` and `async` `send` and `recv`. This can be convenient " -"for complex applications with both IO and heavy CPU processing tasks." -msgstr "" -"[Flume](https://docs.rs/flume/latest/flume/) crate 包含可以同时实现 `sync`、" -"`async` `send` 和 `recv` 的渠道，为涉及 IO 和大量 CPU 处理任务的复杂应用提供" -"了极大便利。" - -#: src/async/channels.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/channels.md:43 msgid "" -"What makes working with `async` channels preferable is the ability to " -"combine them with other `future`s to combine them and create complex control " -"flow." +"The Flume crate has channels that implement both `sync` and `async` `send` and `recv`. " +"This can be convenient for complex applications with both IO and heavy CPU processing " +"tasks." msgstr "" -"使用 `async` 通道的优势在于，我们能够将它们与其他 `future` 结合起来，从而创建" -"复杂的控制流。" +"Flume crate具有实现`sync`和`async`的`send`和`recv`的通道。这对于具有IO和重型CPU处理任务的" +"复杂应用程序非常方便。" -#: src/async/control-flow.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "Futures Control Flow" -msgstr "Future 控制流" - -#: src/async/control-flow.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/channels.md:47 msgid "" -"Futures can be combined together to produce concurrent compute flow graphs. " -"We have already seen tasks, that function as independent threads of " -"execution." +"What makes working with `async` channels preferable is the ability to combine them with " +"other `future`s to combine them and create complex control flow." msgstr "" -"可以将很多 Future 组合在一起生成并发计算流图。我们已经介绍过用作独立线程的任" -"务类型。" - -#: src/async/control-flow.md -msgid "[Join](control-flow/join.md)" -msgstr "[联接](control-flow/join.md)" - -#: src/async/control-flow.md -msgid "[Select](control-flow/select.md)" -msgstr "[选择](control-flow/select.md)" +"使用 `async` 通道的优势在于，我们能够将它们与其他 `future` 结合起来，从而创建复杂的控制" +"流。" -#: src/async/control-flow/join.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/join.md:3 msgid "" -"A join operation waits until all of a set of futures are ready, and returns " -"a collection of their results. This is similar to `Promise.all` in " -"JavaScript or `asyncio.gather` in Python." +"A join operation waits until all of a set of futures are ready, and returns a collection " +"of their results. This is similar to `Promise.all` in JavaScript or `asyncio.gather` in " +"Python." msgstr "" -"联接操作会等待一组 Future 全部就绪，然后返回它们的结果集合。这类似于 " -"JavaScript 中的 `Promise.al` 或 Python 中的 `asyncio.gather`。" +"联接操作会等待一组 Future 全部就绪，然后返回它们的结果集合。这类似于 JavaScript 中的 " +"`Promise.al` 或 Python 中的 `asyncio.gather`。" -#: src/async/control-flow/join.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/join.md:21 msgid "\"https://google.com\"" msgstr "\"https://google.com\"" -#: src/async/control-flow/join.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/join.md:22 msgid "\"https://httpbin.org/ip\"" msgstr "\"https://httpbin.org/ip\"" -#: src/async/control-flow/join.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/join.md:23 msgid "\"https://play.rust-lang.org/\"" msgstr "\"https://play.rust-lang.org/\"" -#: src/async/control-flow/join.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/join.md:24 msgid "\"BAD_URL\"" msgstr "\"BAD_URL\"" -#: src/async/control-flow/join.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/join.md:39 msgid "" -"For multiple futures of disjoint types, you can use `std::future::join!` but " -"you must know how many futures you will have at compile time. This is " -"currently in the `futures` crate, soon to be stabilised in `std::future`." +"For multiple futures of disjoint types, you can use `std::future::join!` but you must " +"know how many futures you will have at compile time. This is currently in the `futures` " +"crate, soon to be stabilised in `std::future`." msgstr "" -"对于多个类型不相交的 Future，可以使用 `std::future::join!` 进行处理，但必须要" -"确定在编译时 Future 的数量。目前，可在 `futures` crate 中使用该功能，但很快也" -"会在 `std::future` 中正式发布。" +"对于多个类型不相交的 Future，可以使用 `std::future::join!` 进行处理，但必须要确定在编译" +"时 Future 的数量。目前，可在 `futures` crate 中使用该功能，但很快也会在 `std::future` 中" +"正式发布。" -#: src/async/control-flow/join.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/join.md:43 msgid "" -"The risk of `join` is that one of the futures may never resolve, this would " -"cause your program to stall." -msgstr "" -"使用 `join` 的风险在于，可能永远无法解析其中某个 Future，这会导致程序停滞不" -"前。" +"The risk of `join` is that one of the futures may never resolve, this would cause your " +"program to stall." +msgstr "使用 `join` 的风险在于，可能永远无法解析其中某个 Future，这会导致程序停滞不前。" -#: src/async/control-flow/join.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/join.md:46 msgid "" -"You can also combine `join_all` with `join!` for instance to join all " -"requests to an http service as well as a database query. Try adding a " -"`tokio::time::sleep` to the future, using `futures::join!`. This is not a " -"timeout (that requires `select!`, explained in the next chapter), but " -"demonstrates `join!`." +"You can also combine `join_all` with `join!` for instance to join all requests to an " +"http service as well as a database query. Try adding a `tokio::time::sleep` to the " +"future, using `futures::join!`. This is not a timeout (that requires `select!`, " +"explained in the next chapter), but demonstrates `join!`." msgstr "" -"还可以将 `join_all` 与 `join!` 结合使用，并行处理所有对 http 服务的请求和数据" -"库查询。尝试使用 `futures::join!` 将 `tokio::time::sleep` 添加到 Future 中。" -"这不是一个超时操作（其需要使用 `select!`，下一章会详细介绍），而是展示了 " -"`join!` 的使用方式。" +"还可以将 `join_all` 与 `join!` 结合使用，并行处理所有对 http 服务的请求和数据库查询。尝试" +"使用 `futures::join!` 将 `tokio::time::sleep` 添加到 Future 中。这不是一个超时操作（其需" +"要使用 `select!`，下一章会详细介绍），而是展示了 `join!` 的使用方式。" -#: src/async/control-flow/select.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/select.md:3 msgid "" -"A select operation waits until any of a set of futures is ready, and " -"responds to that future's result. In JavaScript, this is similar to `Promise." -"race`. In Python, it compares to `asyncio.wait(task_set, return_when=asyncio." -"FIRST_COMPLETED)`." +"A select operation waits until any of a set of futures is ready, and responds to that " +"future's result. In JavaScript, this is similar to `Promise.race`. In Python, it " +"compares to `asyncio.wait(task_set, return_when=asyncio.FIRST_COMPLETED)`." msgstr "" -"选择操作会等待一组 Future 中的任意一个就绪，并对 Future 产生的结果进行响应。" -"在 JavaScript 中，该操作类似于 `Promise.race`。在 Python 中，它相当于 " -"`asyncio.wait(task_set, return_when=asyncio.FIRST_COMPLETED)`。" +"选择操作会等待一组 Future 中的任意一个就绪，并对 Future 产生的结果进行响应。在 " +"JavaScript 中，该操作类似于 `Promise.race`。在 Python 中，它相当于 `asyncio." +"wait(task_set, return_when=asyncio.FIRST_COMPLETED)`。" -#: src/async/control-flow/select.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/select.md:8 msgid "" -"Similar to a match statement, the body of `select!` has a number of arms, " -"each of the form `pattern = future => statement`. When a `future` is ready, " -"its return value is destructured by the `pattern`. The `statement` is then " -"run with the resulting variables. The `statement` result becomes the result " -"of the `select!` macro." +"Similar to a match statement, the body of `select!` has a number of arms, each of the " +"form `pattern = future => statement`. When a `future` is ready, its return value is " +"destructured by the `pattern`. The `statement` is then run with the resulting variables. " +"The `statement` result becomes the result of the `select!` macro." msgstr "" -"与 match 语句类似，`select!` 的正文也包含多个分支，每个分支的形式为 `pattern " -"= future => statement`。当 `future` 就绪时，系统会执行 `statement`，并将 " -"`pattern` 中的变量绑定到 `future` 所产生的结果。" +"与 match 语句类似，`select!` 的正文也包含多个分支，每个分支的形式为 `pattern = future => " +"statement`。当 `future` 就绪时，系统会执行 `statement`，并将 `pattern` 中的变量绑定到 " +"`future` 所产生的结果。" -#: src/async/control-flow/select.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/select.md:40 msgid "\"Felix\"" msgstr "\"Felix\"" -#: src/async/control-flow/select.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/select.md:40 msgid "\"Failed to send cat.\"" msgstr "\"Failed to send cat.\"" -#: src/async/control-flow/select.md -msgid "\"Rex\"" -msgstr "\"Rex\"" - -#: src/async/control-flow/select.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/select.md:44 msgid "\"Failed to send dog.\"" msgstr "\"Failed to send dog.\"" -#: src/async/control-flow/select.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/select.md:49 msgid "\"Failed to receive winner\"" msgstr "\"Failed to receive winner\"" -#: src/async/control-flow/select.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/select.md:51 msgid "\"Winner is {winner:?}\"" msgstr "\"Winner is {winner:?}\"" -#: src/async/control-flow/select.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/select.md:58 msgid "" -"In this example, we have a race between a cat and a dog. " -"`first_animal_to_finish_race` listens to both channels and will pick " -"whichever arrives first. Since the dog takes 50ms, it wins against the cat " -"that take 500ms." +"In this example, we have a race between a cat and a dog. `first_animal_to_finish_race` " +"listens to both channels and will pick whichever arrives first. Since the dog takes " +"50ms, it wins against the cat that take 500ms." msgstr "" -"在本示例中，猫和狗之间进行了一场比赛。`first_animal_to_finish_race` 会同时监" -"听这两个通道，并选择最先到达终点的作为胜者。由于狗用时 50 毫秒，而猫用时 500 " -"毫秒，前者在此比赛中大获全胜。" +"在本示例中，猫和狗之间进行了一场比赛。`first_animal_to_finish_race` 会同时监听这两个通" +"道，并选择最先到达终点的作为胜者。由于狗用时 50 毫秒，而猫用时 500 毫秒，前者在此比赛中大" +"获全胜。" -#: src/async/control-flow/select.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/select.md:63 msgid "" -"You can use `oneshot` channels in this example as the channels are supposed " -"to receive only one `send`." -msgstr "" -"在本示例中，可以使用 `oneshot` 通道，因为这些通道只能接收一次 `send` 信号。" +"You can use `oneshot` channels in this example as the channels are supposed to receive " +"only one `send`." +msgstr "在本示例中，可以使用 `oneshot` 通道，因为这些通道只能接收一次 `send` 信号。" -#: src/async/control-flow/select.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/select.md:66 msgid "" -"Try adding a deadline to the race, demonstrating selecting different sorts " -"of futures." +"Try adding a deadline to the race, demonstrating selecting different sorts of futures." msgstr "尝试为比赛添加截至时间，演示如何选择不同类型的 Future。" -#: src/async/control-flow/select.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/select.md:69 msgid "" -"Note that `select!` drops unmatched branches, which cancels their futures. " -"It is easiest to use when every execution of `select!` creates new futures." +"Note that `select!` drops unmatched branches, which cancels their futures. It is easiest " +"to use when every execution of `select!` creates new futures." msgstr "" -"请注意，`select!` 会丢弃不匹配的分支，相对应的 Future 也会随之取消。最简单的" -"方法是，每次执行 `select!` 时创建新的 Future。" +"请注意，`select!` 会丢弃不匹配的分支，相对应的 Future 也会随之取消。最简单的方法是，每次" +"执行 `select!` 时创建新的 Future。" -#: src/async/control-flow/select.md +#: src/concurrency/async-control-flow/select.md:72 msgid "" -"An alternative is to pass `&mut future` instead of the future itself, but " -"this can lead to issues, further discussed in the pinning slide." +"An alternative is to pass `&mut future` instead of the future itself, but this can lead " +"to issues, further discussed in the pinning slide." msgstr "" -"另一种方法是传递 `&mut future` 而不是 future 本身，但这可能会导致问题，在本幻" -"灯片的 “固定” 部分进行了详细介绍。" - -#: src/async/pitfalls.md -msgid "Pitfalls of async/await" -msgstr "关于 async/await 的误区" +"另一种方法是传递 `&mut future` 而不是 future 本身，但这可能会导致问题，在本幻灯片的 “固" +"定” 部分进行了详细介绍。" -#: src/async/pitfalls.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls.md msgid "" -"Async / await provides convenient and efficient abstraction for concurrent " -"asynchronous programming. However, the async/await model in Rust also comes " -"with its share of pitfalls and footguns. We illustrate some of them in this " -"chapter:" +"Async / await provides convenient and efficient abstraction for concurrent asynchronous " +"programming. However, the async/await model in Rust also comes with its share of " +"pitfalls and footguns. We illustrate some of them in this chapter." msgstr "" -"async / await 为处理并发异步编程提供了一种方便高效的抽象方法。然而，Rust 中" -"的 async/await 模型也存在一些误区和隐患。本章将展示其中的部分内容：" +"async / await 为处理并发异步编程提供了一种方便高效的抽象方法。然而，Rust 中的 async/" +"await 模型也存在一些误区和隐患。本章将展示其中的部分内容。" -#: src/async/pitfalls.md -msgid "[Blocking the Executor](pitfalls/blocking-executor.md)" -msgstr "[阻塞执行器](pitfalls/blocking-executor.md)" +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls.md +msgid "Pin" +msgstr "固定" -#: src/async/pitfalls.md -msgid "[Pin](pitfalls/pin.md)" -msgstr "[固定](pitfalls/pin.md)" - -#: src/async/pitfalls.md -msgid "[Async Traits](pitfalls/async-traits.md)" -msgstr "[异步 trait](pitfalls/async-traits.md)" - -#: src/async/pitfalls.md -msgid "[Cancellation](pitfalls/cancellation.md)" -msgstr "[取消](pitfalls/cancellation.md)" - -#: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/blocking-executor.md:1 msgid "Blocking the executor" msgstr "阻塞执行器" -#: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/blocking-executor.md:3 msgid "" -"Most async runtimes only allow IO tasks to run concurrently. This means that " -"CPU blocking tasks will block the executor and prevent other tasks from " -"being executed. An easy workaround is to use async equivalent methods where " -"possible." +"Most async runtimes only allow IO tasks to run concurrently. This means that CPU " +"blocking tasks will block the executor and prevent other tasks from being executed. An " +"easy workaround is to use async equivalent methods where possible." msgstr "" -"大多数异步运行时支持并发运行 IO 任务。这意味着 CPU 的阻塞性任务会阻塞执行器，" -"并阻止执行其他任务。最简单的方法是，尽可能使用异步等效方法。" +"大多数异步运行时支持并发运行 IO 任务。这意味着 CPU 的阻塞性任务会阻塞执行器，并阻止执行其" +"他任务。最简单的方法是，尽可能使用异步等效方法。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/blocking-executor.md:14 msgid "\"future {id} slept for {duration_ms}ms, finished after {}ms\"" msgstr "\"future {id} slept for {duration_ms}ms, finished after {}ms\"" -#: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/blocking-executor.md:19 msgid "\"current_thread\"" msgstr "\"current_thread\"" -#: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md -msgid "" -"Run the code and see that the sleeps happen consecutively rather than " -"concurrently." +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/blocking-executor.md:30 +msgid "Run the code and see that the sleeps happen consecutively rather than concurrently." msgstr "运行该代码，您会发现休眠操作是连续发生的，而不是并发进行的。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/blocking-executor.md:33 msgid "" -"The `\"current_thread\"` flavor puts all tasks on a single thread. This " -"makes the effect more obvious, but the bug is still present in the multi-" -"threaded flavor." +"The `\"current_thread\"` flavor puts all tasks on a single thread. This makes the effect " +"more obvious, but the bug is still present in the multi-threaded flavor." msgstr "" -"`\"current_thread\"` 变种将所有任务放在单个线程上。这样做效果会更明显，但 " -"bug 仍然存在于多线程变种中。" +"`\"current_thread\"` 变种将所有任务放在单个线程上。这样做效果会更明显，但 bug 仍然存在于" +"多线程变种中。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md -msgid "" -"Switch the `std::thread::sleep` to `tokio::time::sleep` and await its result." +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/blocking-executor.md:37 +msgid "Switch the `std::thread::sleep` to `tokio::time::sleep` and await its result." msgstr "将 `std::thread::sleep` 切换为 `tokio::time::sleep`，并等待结果。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/blocking-executor.md:39 msgid "" -"Another fix would be to `tokio::task::spawn_blocking` which spawns an actual " -"thread and transforms its handle into a future without blocking the executor." +"Another fix would be to `tokio::task::spawn_blocking` which spawns an actual thread and " +"transforms its handle into a future without blocking the executor." msgstr "" -"另一个修复方案是 `tokio::task::spawn_blocking`，其会生成实际线程并将句柄转换" -"为 Future，且不会阻塞执行器。" +"另一个修复方案是 `tokio::task::spawn_blocking`，其会生成实际线程并将句柄转换为 Future，且" +"不会阻塞执行器。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/blocking-executor.md:42 msgid "" -"You should not think of tasks as OS threads. They do not map 1 to 1 and most " -"executors will allow many tasks to run on a single OS thread. This is " -"particularly problematic when interacting with other libraries via FFI, " -"where that library might depend on thread-local storage or map to specific " -"OS threads (e.g., CUDA). Prefer `tokio::task::spawn_blocking` in such " -"situations." +"You should not think of tasks as OS threads. They do not map 1 to 1 and most executors " +"will allow many tasks to run on a single OS thread. This is particularly problematic " +"when interacting with other libraries via FFI, where that library might depend on thread-" +"local storage or map to specific OS threads (e.g., CUDA). Prefer `tokio::task::" +"spawn_blocking` in such situations." msgstr "" -"不应将任务视为操作系统线程。它们之间并非一对一的映射关系，并且大多数执行器都" -"支持在单个操作系统线程上运行多个任务。尤其是通过 FFI 与其他库交互时，会更容易" -"出现问题，因为在 FFI 中，因为该库可能依赖于线程本地存储或映射到特定的操作系统" -"线程（例如，CUDA）。在这些情况下，首选 `tokio::task::spawn_blocking`。" +"不应将任务视为操作系统线程。它们之间并非一对一的映射关系，并且大多数执行器都支持在单个操" +"作系统线程上运行多个任务。尤其是通过 FFI 与其他库交互时，会更容易出现问题，因为在 FFI " +"中，因为该库可能依赖于线程本地存储或映射到特定的操作系统线程（例如，CUDA）。在这些情况" +"下，首选 `tokio::task::spawn_blocking`。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/blocking-executor.md:48 msgid "" -"Use sync mutexes with care. Holding a mutex over an `.await` may cause " -"another task to block, and that task may be running on the same thread." +"Use sync mutexes with care. Holding a mutex over an `.await` may cause another task to " +"block, and that task may be running on the same thread." msgstr "" -"请谨慎使用同步互斥操作。对 `.await` 一直执行互斥操作能会导致另一个任务阻塞，" -"并且该任务可能与其在同一线程上运行。" +"请谨慎使用同步互斥操作。对 `.await` 一直执行互斥操作能会导致另一个任务阻塞，并且该任务可" +"能与其在同一线程上运行。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/pin.md:3 msgid "" -"Async blocks and functions return types implementing the `Future` trait. The " -"type returned is the result of a compiler transformation which turns local " -"variables into data stored inside the future." +"Async blocks and functions return types implementing the `Future` trait. The type " +"returned is the result of a compiler transformation which turns local variables into " +"data stored inside the future." msgstr "" +"异步块和函数的返回类型实现了`Future` trait。返回的类型是编译器转换的结果，将局部变量转换" +"为存储在未来内部的数据。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/pin.md:7 msgid "" -"Some of those variables can hold pointers to other local variables. Because " -"of that, the future should never be moved to a different memory location, as " -"it would invalidate those pointers." +"Some of those variables can hold pointers to other local variables. Because of that, the " +"future should never be moved to a different memory location, as it would invalidate " +"those pointers." msgstr "" +"其中一些变量可以持有指向其他局部变量的指针。因此，未来不应该被移动到不同的内存位置，因为" +"这样做会使这些指针失效。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/pin.md:11 msgid "" -"To prevent moving the future type in memory, it can only be polled through a " -"pinned pointer. `Pin` is a wrapper around a reference that disallows all " -"operations that would move the instance it points to into a different memory " -"location." -msgstr "" - -#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "// A work item. In this case, just sleep for the given time and respond" +"To prevent moving the future type in memory, it can only be polled through a pinned " +"pointer. `Pin` is a wrapper around a reference that disallows all operations that would " +"move the instance it points to into a different memory location." msgstr "" -"// A work item. In this case, just sleep for the given time and respond\n" -"// with a message on the `respond_on` channel.\n" +"为了防止在内存中移动未来类型，它只能通过固定指针进行轮询。`Pin` 是对引用的包装，禁止所有" +"将其指向的实例移动到不同内存位置的操作。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md -msgid "// with a message on the `respond_on` channel." +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/pin.md:20 +msgid "" +"// A work item. In this case, just sleep for the given time and respond // with a " +"message on the `respond_on` channel." msgstr "" +"// 一个工作项。在这种情况下，只是休眠给定的时间，并在`respond_on`通道上响应一条消息。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/pin.md:28 msgid "// A worker which listens for work on a queue and performs it." -msgstr "// A worker which listens for work on a queue and performs it.\n" +msgstr "// 一个 worker，它监听队列上的工作并执行它。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/pin.md:35 msgid "// Pretend to work." -msgstr "// Pretend to work.\n" +msgstr "// 假装在工作。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/pin.md:38 msgid "\"failed to send response\"" msgstr "\"failed to send response\"" -#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/pin.md:41 msgid "// TODO: report number of iterations every 100ms" -msgstr "// TODO: report number of iterations every 100ms\n" +msgstr "// TODO: 每100毫秒报告迭代次数" -#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/pin.md:45 msgid "// A requester which requests work and waits for it to complete." -msgstr "// A requester which requests work and waits for it to complete.\n" +msgstr "// 一个请求者，它请求工作并等待它完成。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/pin.md:52 msgid "\"failed to send on work queue\"" msgstr "\"failed to send on work queue\"" -#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/pin.md:53 msgid "\"failed waiting for response\"" msgstr "\"failed waiting for response\"" -#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/pin.md:62 msgid "\"work result for iteration {i}: {resp}\"" msgstr "\"work result for iteration {i}: {resp}\"" -#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/pin.md:70 msgid "" -"You may recognize this as an example of the actor pattern. Actors typically " -"call `select!` in a loop." +"You may recognize this as an example of the actor pattern. Actors typically call `select!" +"` in a loop." msgstr "您可能认为这是执行器模式的一个示例。执行器通常会循环调用 `select!`。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/pin.md:73 msgid "" -"This serves as a summation of a few of the previous lessons, so take your " -"time with it." +"This serves as a summation of a few of the previous lessons, so take your time with it." msgstr "本部分是对前面几节课的总结，因此请多花时间用心学习。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/pin.md:76 msgid "" -"Naively add a `_ = sleep(Duration::from_millis(100)) => { println!(..) }` to " -"the `select!`. This will never execute. Why?" +"Naively add a `_ = sleep(Duration::from_millis(100)) => { println!(..) }` to the `select!" +"`. This will never execute. Why?" msgstr "" -"只是单纯地在 `select!` 中添加 `_ = sleep(Duration::from_millis(100)) => " -"{ println!(..) }`，该行代码将不会执行任何操作。这是为什么？" +"只是单纯地在 `select!` 中添加 `_ = sleep(Duration::from_millis(100)) => { println!(..) }" +"`，该行代码将不会执行任何操作。这是为什么？" -#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md -msgid "" -"Instead, add a `timeout_fut` containing that future outside of the `loop`:" +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/pin.md:79 +msgid "Instead, add a `timeout_fut` containing that future outside of the `loop`:" msgstr "请改为在 `loop` 外部添加包含该 Future 的 `timeout_fut`：" -#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/pin.md:90 msgid "" -"This still doesn't work. Follow the compiler errors, adding `&mut` to the " -"`timeout_fut` in the `select!` to work around the move, then using `Box::" -"pin`:" +"This still doesn't work. Follow the compiler errors, adding `&mut` to the `timeout_fut` " +"in the `select!` to work around the move, then using `Box::pin`:" msgstr "" -"这仍然不起作用。根据编译器提示的错误，通过向 `select!` 中的 `timeout_fut` 添" -"加 `&mut` 解决移动问题，然后使用 `Box::pin`：" +"这仍然不起作用。根据编译器提示的错误，通过向 `select!` 中的 `timeout_fut` 添加 `&mut` 解" +"决移动问题，然后使用 `Box::pin`：" -#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/pin.md:104 msgid "" -"This compiles, but once the timeout expires it is `Poll::Ready` on every " -"iteration (a fused future would help with this). Update to reset " -"`timeout_fut` every time it expires." +"This compiles, but once the timeout expires it is `Poll::Ready` on every iteration (a " +"fused future would help with this). Update to reset `timeout_fut` every time it expires." msgstr "" -"可以编译这段代码了，但超时过期后，每次迭代都会变为 `Poll::Ready`（使用混合 " -"Future 有助于解决此问题）。每次超时过期后，通过更新重置 `timeout_fut`。" +"可以编译这段代码了，但超时过期后，每次迭代都会变为 `Poll::Ready`（使用混合 Future 有助于" +"解决此问题）。每次超时过期后，通过更新重置 `timeout_fut`。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/pin.md:108 msgid "" -"Box allocates on the heap. In some cases, `std::pin::pin!` (only recently " -"stabilized, with older code often using `tokio::pin!`) is also an option, " -"but that is difficult to use for a future that is reassigned." +"Box allocates on the heap. In some cases, `std::pin::pin!` (only recently stabilized, " +"with older code often using `tokio::pin!`) is also an option, but that is difficult to " +"use for a future that is reassigned." msgstr "" -"Box 在堆上进行分配。在某些情况下，也可以选择使用 `std::pin::pin!`（最近才正式" -"发布，较旧的代码通常使用 `tokio::pin!`），但对于重新分配的 Future，使用此功能" -"较为困难。" +"Box 在堆上进行分配。在某些情况下，也可以选择使用 `std::pin::pin!`（最近才正式发布，较旧的" +"代码通常使用 `tokio::pin!`），但对于重新分配的 Future，使用此功能较为困难。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/pin.md:112 msgid "" -"Another alternative is to not use `pin` at all but spawn another task that " -"will send to a `oneshot` channel every 100ms." +"Another alternative is to not use `pin` at all but spawn another task that will send to " +"a `oneshot` channel every 100ms." msgstr "" -"另一种替代方案是完全不使用 `pin`，而是生成另一个任务，该任务每隔 100 毫秒就会" -"发送到 `oneshot` 通道。" +"另一种替代方案是完全不使用 `pin`，而是生成另一个任务，该任务每隔 100 毫秒就会发送到 " +"`oneshot` 通道。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/pin.md:115 msgid "" -"Data that contains pointers to itself is called self-referential. Normally, " -"the Rust borrow checker would prevent self-referential data from being " -"moved, as the references cannot outlive the data they point to. However, the " -"code transformation for async blocks and functions is not verified by the " -"borrow checker." +"Data that contains pointers to itself is called self-referential. Normally, the Rust " +"borrow checker would prevent self-referential data from being moved, as the references " +"cannot outlive the data they point to. However, the code transformation for async blocks " +"and functions is not verified by the borrow checker." msgstr "" +"包含指向自身的指针的数据称为自引用。通常，Rust的借用检查器会阻止自引用数据被移动，因为引" +"用不能超出它们所指向的数据的生命周期。然而，异步块和函数的代码转换没有受到借用检查器的验" +"证。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/pin.md:121 msgid "" -"`Pin` is a wrapper around a reference. An object cannot be moved from its " -"place using a pinned pointer. However, it can still be moved through an " -"unpinned pointer." +"`Pin` is a wrapper around a reference. An object cannot be moved from its place using a " +"pinned pointer. However, it can still be moved through an unpinned pointer." msgstr "" +"`Pin` 是对引用的包装。使用固定指针，对象不能从原地移动。然而，它仍然可以通过非固定指针移" +"动。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/pin.md:125 msgid "" -"The `poll` method of the `Future` trait uses `Pin<&mut Self>` instead of " -"`&mut Self` to refer to the instance. That's why it can only be called on a " -"pinned pointer." +"The `poll` method of the `Future` trait uses `Pin<&mut Self>` instead of `&mut Self` to " +"refer to the instance. That's why it can only be called on a pinned pointer." msgstr "" +"`Future` trait 的 `poll` 方法使用 `Pin<&mut Self>` 而不是 `&mut Self` 来引用实例。这就是" +"为什么它只能在固定指针上调用的原因。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/async-traits.md:3 msgid "" -"Async methods in traits are not yet supported in the stable channel ([An " -"experimental feature exists in nightly and should be stabilized in the mid " -"term.](https://blog.rust-lang.org/inside-rust/2022/11/17/async-fn-in-trait-" -"nightly.html))" +"Async methods in traits are were stabilized only recently, in the 1.75 release. This " +"required support for using return-position `impl Trait` (RPIT) in traits, as the " +"desugaring for `async fn` includes `-> impl Future`." msgstr "" -"稳定版尚不支持在 trait 中使用异步方法（[夜间版提供此项功能，但正处于试验阶" -"段，预计在中期正式发布。](https://blog.rust-lang.org/inside-rust/2022/11/17/" -"async-fn-in-trait-nightly.html)）" +"异步方法在 trait 中最近才稳定，是在 1.75 版本中。这需要支持在 trait 中使用返回位置 `impl " +"Trait`（RPIT），因为 `async fn` 的解糖包括 `-> impl Future`。" + +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/async-traits.md:7 +msgid "" +"However, even with the native support today there are some pitfalls around `async fn` " +"and RPIT in traits:" +msgstr "即使在今天有原生支持，关于 `async fn` 和 trait 中的 RPIT 仍然存在一些陷阱：" + +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/async-traits.md:10 +msgid "" +"Return-position impl Trait captures all in-scope lifetimes (so some patterns of " +"borrowing cannot be expressed)" +msgstr "返回位置的 `impl Trait` 捕获了所有的作用域生命周期（因此一些借用模式无法表达）。" + +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/async-traits.md:13 +msgid "" +"Traits whose methods use return-position `impl trait` or `async` are not `dyn` " +"compatible." +msgstr "使用返回位置的 `impl trait` 或 `async` 的方法的 trait 不兼容 `dyn`。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/async-traits.md:16 msgid "" -"The crate [async_trait](https://docs.rs/async-trait/latest/async_trait/) " -"provides a workaround through a macro:" +"If we do need `dyn` support, the crate async_trait provides a workaround through a " +"macro, with some caveats:" msgstr "" -"crate [async_trait](https://docs.rs/async-trait/latest/async_trait/) 通过宏提" -"供了一种解决方法：" +"如果我们需要 `dyn` 支持，crate async_trait 通过宏提供了一种解决方法，但有一些注意事项：" -#: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/async-traits.md:46 msgid "\"running all sleepers..\"" msgstr "\"running all sleepers..\"" -#: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/async-traits.md:50 msgid "\"slept for {}ms\"" msgstr "\"slept for {}ms\"" -#: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/async-traits.md:68 msgid "" -"`async_trait` is easy to use, but note that it's using heap allocations to " -"achieve this. This heap allocation has performance overhead." +"`async_trait` is easy to use, but note that it's using heap allocations to achieve this. " +"This heap allocation has performance overhead." msgstr "" -"`async_trait` 易于使用，但请注意，它通过堆分配来实现这一点。这种堆分配会产生" -"性能开销。" +"`async_trait` 易于使用，但请注意，它通过堆分配来实现这一点。这种堆分配会产生性能开销。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/async-traits.md:71 msgid "" -"The challenges in language support for `async trait` are deep Rust and " -"probably not worth describing in-depth. Niko Matsakis did a good job of " -"explaining them in [this post](https://smallcultfollowing.com/babysteps/" -"blog/2019/10/26/async-fn-in-traits-are-hard/) if you are interested in " -"digging deeper." +"The challenges in language support for `async trait` are deep Rust and probably not " +"worth describing in-depth. Niko Matsakis did a good job of explaining them in this post " +"if you are interested in digging deeper." msgstr "" -"对于 `async trait` 的语言支持中的挑战是深入 Rust的，并且可能不值得深入描述。" -"如果您对深入了解感兴趣，Niko Matsakis 在[这篇文章](https://" -"smallcultfollowing.com/babysteps/blog/2019/10/26/async-fn-in-traits-are-" -"hard/)中对它们做了很好的解释。" +"语言支持 `async trait` 的挑战在 Rust 中是很深的，可能不值得深入描述。如果你对深入挖掘感兴" +"趣，Niko Matsakis 在这篇文章中做了很好的解释。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/async-traits.md:77 msgid "" -"Try creating a new sleeper struct that will sleep for a random amount of " -"time and adding it to the Vec." -msgstr "" -"尝试创建一个新的 sleeper 结构，使其随机休眠一段时间，并将其添加到 Vec 中。" +"Try creating a new sleeper struct that will sleep for a random amount of time and adding " +"it to the Vec." +msgstr "尝试创建一个新的 sleeper 结构，使其随机休眠一段时间，并将其添加到 Vec 中。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/cancellation.md:3 msgid "" -"Dropping a future implies it can never be polled again. This is called " -"_cancellation_ and it can occur at any `await` point. Care is needed to " -"ensure the system works correctly even when futures are cancelled. For " -"example, it shouldn't deadlock or lose data." +"Dropping a future implies it can never be polled again. This is called _cancellation_ " +"and it can occur at any `await` point. Care is needed to ensure the system works " +"correctly even when futures are cancelled. For example, it shouldn't deadlock or lose " +"data." msgstr "" -"丢弃 Future 意味着无法再对其进行轮询。这称为 _取消_，在任何 `await` 点都可能" -"发生。请务必小心谨慎，确保即使 Future 任务被取消，系统也能正常运行。例如，系" -"统不应死锁或丢失数据。" +"丢弃 Future 意味着无法再对其进行轮询。这称为 _取消_，在任何 `await` 点都可能发生。请务必" +"小心谨慎，确保即使 Future 任务被取消，系统也能正常运行。例如，系统不应死锁或丢失数据。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/cancellation.md:35 msgid "\"not UTF-8\"" -msgstr "UTF-8" +msgstr "非 UTF-8" -#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/cancellation.md:51 msgid "\"hi\\nthere\\n\"" msgstr "\"hi\\nthere\\n\"" -#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/cancellation.md:57 msgid "\"tick!\"" msgstr "\"tick!\"" -#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/cancellation.md:73 msgid "" -"The compiler doesn't help with cancellation-safety. You need to read API " -"documentation and consider what state your `async fn` holds." -msgstr "" -"编译器无法确保取消操作的安全性。您需要阅读 API 文档，并考虑 `async fn` 所持状" -"态。" +"The compiler doesn't help with cancellation-safety. You need to read API documentation " +"and consider what state your `async fn` holds." +msgstr "编译器无法确保取消操作的安全性。您需要阅读 API 文档，并考虑 `async fn` 所持状态。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/cancellation.md:76 msgid "" -"Unlike `panic` and `?`, cancellation is part of normal control flow (vs " -"error-handling)." +"Unlike `panic` and `?`, cancellation is part of normal control flow (vs error-handling)." msgstr "与 `panic` 和 `?` 不同，取消属于正常控制流的一部分（而非错误处理）。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/cancellation.md:79 msgid "The example loses parts of the string." msgstr "该示例丢失了字符串的某些部分。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md -msgid "" -"Whenever the `tick()` branch finishes first, `next()` and its `buf` are " -"dropped." +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/cancellation.md:81 +msgid "Whenever the `tick()` branch finishes first, `next()` and its `buf` are dropped." msgstr "每当 `tick()` 分支先完成操作时，`next() 及其 `buf` 均会被丢弃。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md -msgid "" -"`LinesReader` can be made cancellation-safe by making `buf` part of the " -"struct:" +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/cancellation.md:84 +msgid "`LinesReader` can be made cancellation-safe by making `buf` part of the struct:" msgstr "通过将 `buf` 整合到结构体中，`LinesReader 可以确保取消操作的安全性：" -#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/cancellation.md:98 msgid "// prefix buf and bytes with self." -msgstr "// prefix buf and bytes with self.\n" - -#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"[`Interval::tick`](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/time/struct.Interval." -"html#method.tick) is cancellation-safe because it keeps track of whether a " -"tick has been 'delivered'." -msgstr "" -"[BufReader::read_line()](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/io/struct.Lines." -"html#method.next_line)：用于从标准输入异步读取用户消息。" - -#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"[`AsyncReadExt::read`](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/io/trait." -"AsyncReadExt.html#method.read) is cancellation-safe because it either " -"returns or doesn't read data." -msgstr "" -"[BufReader::read_line()](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/io/struct.Lines." -"html#method.next_line)：用于从标准输入异步读取用户消息。" +msgstr "// 使用 self. 前缀 buf 和 bytes。" -#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/cancellation.md:107 msgid "" -"[`AsyncBufReadExt::read_line`](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/io/trait." -"AsyncBufReadExt.html#method.read_line) is similar to the example and _isn't_ " -"cancellation-safe. See its documentation for details and alternatives." -msgstr "" -"[BufReader::read_line()](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/io/struct.Lines." -"html#method.next_line)：用于从标准输入异步读取用户消息。" +"`Interval::tick` is cancellation-safe because it keeps track of whether a tick has been " +"'delivered'." +msgstr "`Interval::tick` 是安全的取消，因为它会跟踪是否已经“传递”了一个 tick。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/afternoon.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/cancellation.md:111 msgid "" -"To practice your Async Rust skills, we have again two exercises for you:" -msgstr "为了练习您的异步 Rust 技能，我们再次为您提供了两个练习：" +"`AsyncReadExt::read` is cancellation-safe because it either returns or doesn't read data." +msgstr "`AsyncReadExt::read` 是安全的取消，因为它要么返回，要么不读取数据。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/afternoon.md +#: src/concurrency/async-pitfalls/cancellation.md:114 msgid "" -"Dining philosophers: we already saw this problem in the morning. This time " -"you are going to implement it with Async Rust." +"`AsyncBufReadExt::read_line` is similar to the example and _isn't_ cancellation-safe. " +"See its documentation for details and alternatives." msgstr "" -"哲学家进餐：我们已经在上午看到了这个问题。这次你将使用异步 Rust 来实现它。" - -#: src/exercises/concurrency/afternoon.md -msgid "" -"A Broadcast Chat Application: this is a larger project that allows you " -"experiment with more advanced Async Rust features." -msgstr "广播聊天应用：这是一个更大的项目，允许您尝试更高级的异步Rust功能。" +"`AsyncBufReadExt::read_line` 类似于该示例，并且 _不是_ 安全取消的。请查看其文档以获取详细" +"信息和替代方案。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:1 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:3 msgid "Dining Philosophers --- Async" msgstr "哲学家进餐 - 异步" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md -msgid "" -"See [dining philosophers](dining-philosophers.md) for a description of the " -"problem." -msgstr "查看[哲学家进餐](dining-philosophers.md)以获取问题的描述。" +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:3 +msgid "See dining philosophers for a description of the problem." +msgstr "查看哲学家进餐以获取问题的描述。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:6 msgid "" -"As before, you will need a local [Cargo installation](../../cargo/running-" -"locally.md) for this exercise. Copy the code below to a file called `src/" -"main.rs`, fill out the blanks, and test that `cargo run` does not deadlock:" +"As before, you will need a local Cargo installation for this exercise. Copy the code " +"below to a file called `src/main.rs`, fill out the blanks, and test that `cargo run` " +"does not deadlock:" msgstr "" -"在本练习中，需要使用本地 [Cargo 安装](../../cargo/running-locally.md)。将以下" -"代码复制到名为 `src/main.rs` 的文件中，并填写空白的地方，然后测试 `cargo " -"run` 不会死锁：" +"在本练习中，需要使用本地 Cargo 安装。将以下代码复制到名为 `src/main.rs` 的文件中，并填写" +"空白的地方，然后测试 `cargo run` 不会死锁：" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:37 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:29 msgid "// Keep trying until we have both forks" -msgstr "" +msgstr "// 保持尝试，直到我们有两个叉子" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:52 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:85 msgid "// Make them think and eat" -msgstr "// Make them think and eat\n" +msgstr "// 让他们思考和进餐" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:58 msgid "" -"Since this time you are using Async Rust, you'll need a `tokio` dependency. " -"You can use the following `Cargo.toml`:" +"Since this time you are using Async Rust, you'll need a `tokio` dependency. You can use " +"the following `Cargo.toml`:" msgstr "" -"因为这次您正在使用异步Rust，您将需要一个 `tokio` 依赖。您可以使用以下的 " -"`Cargo.toml`：" +"因为这次您正在使用异步Rust，您将需要一个 `tokio` 依赖。您可以使用以下的 `Cargo.toml`：" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:63 msgid "" "```toml\n" "[package]\n" @@ -22302,68 +18945,59 @@ msgid "" "edition = \"2021\"\n" "\n" "[dependencies]\n" -"tokio = { version = \"1.26.0\", features = [\"sync\", \"time\", \"macros\", " -"\"rt-multi-thread\"] }\n" +"tokio = { version = \"1.26.0\", features = [\"sync\", \"time\", \"macros\", \"rt-multi-" +"thread\"] }\n" "```" msgstr "" "```toml\n" "[package]\n" "name = \"dining-philosophers-async-dine\"\n" -"version = \"0.1.0\"\n" -"edition = \"2021\"\n" +"version = “0.1.0”\n" +"edition = “2021”\n" "\n" "[dependencies]\n" -"tokio = {version = \"1.26.0\", features = [\"sync\", \"time\", \"macros\", " -"\"rt-multi-thread\"]}\n" +"tokio = { version = “1.26.0”, features = [“sync”, “time”, “macros”, “rt-multi-" +"thread”] }\n" "```" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:73 msgid "" -"Also note that this time you have to use the `Mutex` and the `mpsc` module " -"from the `tokio` crate." +"Also note that this time you have to use the `Mutex` and the `mpsc` module from the " +"`tokio` crate." msgstr "另外，请注意，这次您必须使用来自 `tokio` 包的 `Mutex` 和 `mpsc` 模块。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/dining-philosophers.md:79 msgid "Can you make your implementation single-threaded?" msgstr "您可以单线程化您的实现吗？" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:3 msgid "" -"In this exercise, we want to use our new knowledge to implement a broadcast " -"chat application. We have a chat server that the clients connect to and " -"publish their messages. The client reads user messages from the standard " -"input, and sends them to the server. The chat server broadcasts each message " -"that it receives to all the clients." +"In this exercise, we want to use our new knowledge to implement a broadcast chat " +"application. We have a chat server that the clients connect to and publish their " +"messages. The client reads user messages from the standard input, and sends them to the " +"server. The chat server broadcasts each message that it receives to all the clients." msgstr "" -"在本练习中，我们想要使用我们的新知识来实现一个广播聊天应用。我们有一个聊天服" -"务器，客户端连接到该服务器并发布他们的消息。客户端从标准输入读取用户消息，并" -"将其发送到服务器。聊天服务器将收到的每条消息广播给所有客户端。" +"在本练习中，我们想要使用我们的新知识来实现一个广播聊天应用。我们有一个聊天服务器，客户端" +"连接到该服务器并发布他们的消息。客户端从标准输入读取用户消息，并将其发送到服务器。聊天服" +"务器将收到的每条消息广播给所有客户端。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:9 msgid "" -"For this, we use [a broadcast channel](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/" -"sync/broadcast/fn.channel.html) on the server, and [`tokio_websockets`]" -"(https://docs.rs/tokio-websockets/) for the communication between the client " -"and the server." +"For this, we use a broadcast channel on the server, and `tokio_websockets` for the " +"communication between the client and the server." msgstr "" -"为此，我们在服务器上使用一个[广播 channel](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/" -"tokio/sync/broadcast/fn.channel.html)，并使用[`tokio_websockets`](https://" -"docs.rs/tokio-websockets/0.3.2/tokio_websockets/) 来进行客户端与服务器之间的" -"通信。" +"为此，我们在服务器上使用广播通道，并使用 `tokio_websockets` 在客户端和服务器之间进行通" +"信。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:12 msgid "Create a new Cargo project and add the following dependencies:" msgstr "创建一个新的 Cargo 项目并添加以下依赖：" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:14 msgid "_Cargo.toml_:" -msgstr "`Cargo.toml`：" +msgstr "_Cargo.toml_:" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:18 msgid "" "```toml\n" "[package]\n" @@ -22373,10 +19007,10 @@ msgid "" "\n" "[dependencies]\n" "futures-util = { version = \"0.3.30\", features = [\"sink\"] }\n" -"http = \"1.0.0\"\n" -"tokio = { version = \"1.36.0\", features = [\"full\"] }\n" -"tokio-websockets = { version = \"0.5.1\", features = [\"client\", " -"\"fastrand\", \"server\", \"sha1_smol\"] }\n" +"http = \"1.1.0\"\n" +"tokio = { version = \"1.38.0\", features = [\"full\"] }\n" +"tokio-websockets = { version = \"0.8.3\", features = [\"client\", \"fastrand\", " +"\"server\", \"sha1_smol\"] }\n" "```" msgstr "" "```toml\n" @@ -22386,311 +19020,235 @@ msgstr "" "edition = \"2021\"\n" "\n" "[dependencies]\n" -"futures-util = { version = \"0.3.28\", features = [\"sink\"] }\n" -"http = \"0.2.9\"\n" -"tokio = { version = \"1.28.1\", features = [\"full\"] }\n" -"tokio-websockets = { version = \"0.4.0\", features = [\"client\", " -"\"fastrand\", \"server\", \"sha1_smol\"] }\n" +"futures-util = { version = “0.3.30”, features = [“sink”] }\n" +"http = “1.1.0”\n" +"tokio = { version = “1.38.0”, features = [“full”] }\n" +"tokio-websockets = { version = “0.8.3”, features = [“client”, “fastrand”, “server”, " +"“sha1_smol”] }\n" "```" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:31 msgid "The required APIs" msgstr "所需的API" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:33 msgid "" -"You are going to need the following functions from `tokio` and " -"[`tokio_websockets`](https://docs.rs/tokio-websockets/). Spend a few minutes " -"to familiarize yourself with the API." +"You are going to need the following functions from `tokio` and `tokio_websockets`. Spend " +"a few minutes to familiarize yourself with the API." msgstr "" -"您将需要来自 `tokio` 和 [`tokio_websockets`](https://docs.rs/tokio-" -"websockets/0.3.2/tokio_websockets/) 的以下函数。请花几分钟时间熟悉这些 API。" +"您将需要来自 `tokio` 和 `tokio_websockets` 的以下函数。请花几分钟时间熟悉这些 API。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:37 msgid "" -"[StreamExt::next()](https://docs.rs/futures-util/0.3.28/futures_util/stream/" -"trait.StreamExt.html#method.next) implemented by `WebSocketStream`: for " -"asynchronously reading messages from a Websocket Stream." -msgstr "" -"[SinkExt::send()](https://docs.rs/futures-util/0.3.28/futures_util/sink/" -"trait.SinkExt.html#method.send) 由`WebsocketStream`实现：用于在Websocket流上" -"异步发送消息。" +"StreamExt::next() implemented by `WebSocketStream`: for asynchronously reading messages " +"from a Websocket Stream." +msgstr "SinkExt::send() 由`WebsocketStream`实现：用于在Websocket流上异步发送消息。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:39 msgid "" -"[SinkExt::send()](https://docs.rs/futures-util/0.3.28/futures_util/sink/" -"trait.SinkExt.html#method.send) implemented by `WebSocketStream`: for " -"asynchronously sending messages on a Websocket Stream." -msgstr "" -"[SinkExt::send()](https://docs.rs/futures-util/0.3.28/futures_util/sink/" -"trait.SinkExt.html#method.send) 由`WebsocketStream`实现：用于在Websocket流上" -"异步发送消息。" +"SinkExt::send() implemented by `WebSocketStream`: for asynchronously sending messages on " +"a Websocket Stream." +msgstr "SinkExt::send() 由`WebsocketStream`实现：用于在Websocket流上异步发送消息。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:41 msgid "" -"[Lines::next_line()](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/io/struct.Lines." -"html#method.next_line): for asynchronously reading user messages from the " -"standard input." -msgstr "" -"[BufReader::read_line()](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/io/struct.Lines." -"html#method.next_line)：用于从标准输入异步读取用户消息。" +"Lines::next_line(): for asynchronously reading user messages from the standard input." +msgstr "BufReader::read_line()：用于从标准输入异步读取用户消息。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md -msgid "" -"[Sender::subscribe()](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/sync/broadcast/" -"struct.Sender.html#method.subscribe): for subscribing to a broadcast channel." -msgstr "" -"[Sender::subscribe()](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/sync/broadcast/" -"struct.Sender.html#method.subscribe)：用于订阅广播频道。" +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:43 +msgid "Sender::subscribe(): for subscribing to a broadcast channel." +msgstr "`Sender::subscribe()`：用于订阅广播通道。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:45 msgid "Two binaries" msgstr "两个可执行文件" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:47 msgid "" -"Normally in a Cargo project, you can have only one binary, and one `src/main." -"rs` file. In this project, we need two binaries. One for the client, and one " -"for the server. You could potentially make them two separate Cargo projects, " -"but we are going to put them in a single Cargo project with two binaries. " -"For this to work, the client and the server code should go under `src/bin` " -"(see the [documentation](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/cargo-" -"targets.html#binaries))." -msgstr "" -"通常在一个 Cargo 项目中，你只能有一个二进制文件，和一个 `src/main.rs` 文件。" -"在这个项目中，我们需要两个二进制文件。一个用于客户端，另一个用于服务器。你可" -"能会考虑将它们制作成两个单独的 Cargo 项目，但我们将它们放在一个包含两个二进制" -"文件的 Cargo 项目中。为了使其工作，客户端和服务器的代码应该放在 `src/bin` 下" -"（参见[文档](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/cargo-targets." -"html#binaries)）。" - -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md -#, fuzzy +"Normally in a Cargo project, you can have only one binary, and one `src/main.rs` file. " +"In this project, we need two binaries. One for the client, and one for the server. You " +"could potentially make them two separate Cargo projects, but we are going to put them in " +"a single Cargo project with two binaries. For this to work, the client and the server " +"code should go under `src/bin` (see the documentation)." +msgstr "" +"通常在一个 Cargo 项目中，你只能有一个二进制文件和一个 `src/main.rs` 文件。在这个项目中，" +"我们需要两个二进制文件，一个用于客户端，一个用于服务器。你可以把它们做成两个单独的 Cargo " +"项目，但我们将把它们放在一个单独的 Cargo 项目中，有两个二进制文件。为了让这个工作正常，客" +"户端和服务器的代码应该放在 `src/bin` 下（请参阅文档）。" + +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:54 msgid "" -"Copy the following server and client code into `src/bin/server.rs` and `src/" -"bin/client.rs`, respectively. Your task is to complete these files as " -"described below." +"Copy the following server and client code into `src/bin/server.rs` and `src/bin/client." +"rs`, respectively. Your task is to complete these files as described below." msgstr "" -"将以下服务器和客户端代码分别复制到 `src/bin/server.rs` 和 `src/bin/client." -"rs` 中。您的任务是按照下面的描述完成这些文件。" +"将以下服务器和客户端代码分别复制到 `src/bin/server.rs` 和 `src/bin/client.rs` 中。您的任" +"务是按照下面的描述完成这些文件。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:58 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:104 msgid "_src/bin/server.rs_:" -msgstr "`src/bin/server.rs`:" +msgstr "_src/bin/server.rs_:" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:77 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:124 msgid "// TODO: For a hint, see the description of the task below." -msgstr "// TODO: For a hint, see the description of the task below.\n" +msgstr "// TODO: 对于提示，请参阅下面任务的描述。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:85 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:154 msgid "\"127.0.0.1:2000\"" msgstr "\"127.0.0.1:2000\"" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:86 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:155 msgid "\"listening on port 2000\"" msgstr "\"listening on port 2000\"" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:90 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:159 msgid "\"New connection from {addr:?}\"" msgstr "\"New connection from {addr:?}\"" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "// Wrap the raw TCP stream into a websocket.\n" -msgstr "// Wrap the raw TCP stream into a websocket.\n" +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:93 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:162 +msgid "// Wrap the raw TCP stream into a websocket." +msgstr "// 将原始的 TCP 流包装成一个 WebSocket。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:102 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:171 msgid "_src/bin/client.rs_:" -msgstr "`src/bin/client.rs`:" +msgstr "_src/bin/client.rs_:" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:116 +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:183 msgid "\"ws://127.0.0.1:2000\"" msgstr "\"ws://127.0.0.1:2000\"" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:129 msgid "Running the binaries" msgstr "运行可执行文件" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:131 msgid "Run the server with:" -msgstr "and the client with:" +msgstr "使用以下命令运行服务器：" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:137 msgid "and the client with:" msgstr "and the client with:" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:145 msgid "Implement the `handle_connection` function in `src/bin/server.rs`." msgstr "在 `src/bin/server.rs` 中实现 `handle_connection` 函数。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:146 msgid "" -"Hint: Use `tokio::select!` for concurrently performing two tasks in a " -"continuous loop. One task receives messages from the client and broadcasts " -"them. The other sends messages received by the server to the client." +"Hint: Use `tokio::select!` for concurrently performing two tasks in a continuous loop. " +"One task receives messages from the client and broadcasts them. The other sends messages " +"received by the server to the client." msgstr "" -"提示：使用 `tokio::select!` 在一个连续的循环中并发执行两个任务。一个任务从客" -"户端接收消息并广播它们。另一个任务将服务器接收到的消息发送给客户端。" +"提示：使用 `tokio::select!` 在一个连续的循环中并发执行两个任务。一个任务从客户端接收消息" +"并广播它们。另一个任务将服务器接收到的消息发送给客户端。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:149 msgid "Complete the main function in `src/bin/client.rs`." msgstr "完成 `src/bin/client.rs` 中的 `main` 函数。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:150 msgid "" -"Hint: As before, use `tokio::select!` in a continuous loop for concurrently " -"performing two tasks: (1) reading user messages from standard input and " -"sending them to the server, and (2) receiving messages from the server, and " -"displaying them for the user." +"Hint: As before, use `tokio::select!` in a continuous loop for concurrently performing " +"two tasks: (1) reading user messages from standard input and sending them to the server, " +"and (2) receiving messages from the server, and displaying them for the user." msgstr "" -"提示：与之前一样，使用 `tokio::select!` 在一个连续的循环中并发执行两个任务：" -"(1) 从标准输入读取用户消息并发送给服务器，以及 (2) 从服务器接收消息并显示给用" -"户。" +"提示：像之前一样，在一个连续的循环中使用 `tokio::select!` 并行执行两个任务：(1) 从标准输" +"入读取用户消息并将其发送到服务器，以及 (2) 接收来自服务器的消息，并将它们显示给用户。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/chat-app.md:154 msgid "" -"Optional: Once you are done, change the code to broadcast messages to all " -"clients, but the sender of the message." -msgstr "可选：完成后，将代码更改为将消息广播给除消息发送者以外的所有客户端。" - -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "Concurrency Afternoon Exercise" -msgstr "并发编程：下午练习" - -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "([back to exercise](dining-philosophers-async.md))" -msgstr "([返回练习](dining-philosophers-async.md))" - -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "// Keep trying until we have both forks\n" -msgstr "" - -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "// Pick up forks...\n" -msgstr "// Pick up forks...\n" +"Optional: Once you are done, change the code to broadcast messages to all clients, but " +"the sender of the message." +msgstr "可选：完成后，将代码更改为向除消息发送者之外的所有客户端广播消息。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:35 msgid "" -"// If we didn't get the left fork, drop the right fork if we\n" -" // have it and let other tasks make progress.\n" +"// If we didn't get the left fork, drop the right fork if we // have it and let other " +"tasks make progress." msgstr "" +"// 如果我们没有得到左边的叉子，丢弃右边的叉子（如果我们有的话），让其他任务继续进行。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:42 msgid "" -"// If we didn't get the right fork, drop the left fork and let\n" -" // other tasks make progress.\n" -msgstr "" - -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "// The locks are dropped here\n" -msgstr "// The locks are dropped here\n" - -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "// Create forks\n" -msgstr "// Create forks\n" - -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "// Create philosophers\n" -msgstr "// Create philosophers\n" +"// If we didn't get the right fork, drop the left fork and let // other tasks make " +"progress." +msgstr "// 如果我们没有得到右边的叉子，丢弃左边的叉子，并让其他任务继续进行。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "// tx is dropped here, so we don't need to explicitly drop it later\n" -msgstr "// tx is dropped here, so we don't need to explicitly drop it later\n" +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:54 +msgid "// The locks are dropped here" +msgstr "// 在这里释放锁" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "// Make them think and eat\n" -msgstr "// Make them think and eat\n" +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:82 +msgid "// tx is dropped here, so we don't need to explicitly drop it later" +msgstr "// tx 在这里被丢弃了，所以我们不需要显式地在后面再次丢弃它" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "// Output their thoughts\n" -msgstr "// Output their thoughts\n" - -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:97 msgid "\"Here is a thought: {thought}\"" msgstr "\"Here is a thought: {thought}\"" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "([back to exercise](chat-app.md))" -msgstr "([返回练习](chat-app.md))" - -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:122 msgid "\"Welcome to chat! Type a message\"" msgstr "\"Welcome to chat! Type a message\"" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md -#, fuzzy +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:126 msgid "" -"// A continuous loop for concurrently performing two tasks: (1) receiving\n" -" // messages from `ws_stream` and broadcasting them, and (2) receiving\n" -" // messages on `bcast_rx` and sending them to the client.\n" +"// A continuous loop for concurrently performing two tasks: (1) receiving // messages " +"from `ws_stream` and broadcasting them, and (2) receiving // messages on `bcast_rx` and " +"sending them to the client." msgstr "" -"提示：与之前一样，使用 `tokio::select!` 在一个连续的循环中并发执行两个任务：" -"(1) 从标准输入读取用户消息并发送给服务器，以及 (2) 从服务器接收消息并显示给用" -"户。" +"// 一个连续的循环，用于并行执行两个任务：(1) 从 `ws_stream` 接收消息并广播它们，以及 (2) " +"在 `bcast_rx` 上接收消息并将其发送到客户端。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:135 msgid "\"From client {addr:?} {text:?}\"" msgstr "\"From client {addr:?} {text:?}\"" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md -msgid "// Continuous loop for concurrently sending and receiving messages.\n" -msgstr "// Continuous loop for concurrently sending and receiving messages.\n" +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:190 +msgid "// Continuous loop for concurrently sending and receiving messages." +msgstr "// 并发发送和接收消息的连续循环。" -#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md +#: src/concurrency/async-exercises/solutions.md:197 msgid "\"From server: {}\"" msgstr "\"From server: {}\"" #: src/thanks.md -#, fuzzy msgid "" -"_Thank you for taking Comprehensive Rust 🦀!_ We hope you enjoyed it and " -"that it was useful." +"_Thank you for taking Comprehensive Rust 🦀!_ We hope you enjoyed it and that it was " +"useful." msgstr "_感谢您参与学习 Comprehensive Rust 🦀！_ 希望您喜欢并且觉得它有用。" #: src/thanks.md msgid "" -"We've had a lot of fun putting the course together. The course is not " -"perfect, so if you spotted any mistakes or have ideas for improvements, " -"please get in [contact with us on GitHub](https://github.com/google/" -"comprehensive-rust/discussions). We would love to hear from you." +"We've had a lot of fun putting the course together. The course is not perfect, so if you " +"spotted any mistakes or have ideas for improvements, please get in contact with us on " +"GitHub. We would love to hear from you." msgstr "" -"组织这门课程让我们收获了很多乐趣。本课程并非完美无缺，因此，如果您发现任何错" -"误或有任何改进建议，请[在 GitHub 上与我们联系](https://github.com/google/" -"comprehensive-rust/discussions)。我们期待收到您的宝贵意见。" +"组织这门课程让我们收获了很多乐趣。本课程并非完美无缺，因此，如果您发现任何错误或有任何改" +"进建议，请在 GitHub 上与我们联系。我们期待收到您的宝贵意见。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" -"The following is a glossary which aims to give a short definition of many " -"Rust terms. For translations, this also serves to connect the term back to " -"the English original." +"The following is a glossary which aims to give a short definition of many Rust terms. " +"For translations, this also serves to connect the term back to the English original." msgstr "" -"以下为术语表，旨在提供针对许多 Rust 术语的简要定义。此外，翻译过程中也可结合" -"该术语定义来理解英语原文。" +"以下为术语表，旨在提供针对许多 Rust 术语的简要定义。此外，翻译过程中也可结合该术语定义来" +"理解英语原文。" +#. Please add the English term in italic after your translated term. Also, please keep the hard line breaks to ensure a nice formatting. #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "allocate: \n" -"Dynamic memory allocation on [the heap](memory-management/stack-vs-heap.md)." +"Dynamic memory allocation on the heap." msgstr "" "分配：\n" -"指在 [堆](memory-management/stack-vs-heap.md) 上进行动态内存分配。" +"指在堆上进行动态内存分配。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -22703,28 +19261,27 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "Bare-metal Rust: \n" -"Low-level Rust development, often deployed to a system without an operating " -"system. See [Bare-metal Rust](bare-metal.md)." +"Low-level Rust development, often deployed to a system without an operating system. See " +"Bare-metal Rust." msgstr "" "裸机 Rust：\n" -"一种低级别的 Rust 开发方式，通常部署于没有操作系统的系统。请参阅 [裸机 Rust]" -"(bare-metal.md)。" +"一种低级别的 Rust 开发方式，通常部署于没有操作系统的系统。请参阅裸机 Rust。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "block: \n" -"See [Blocks](control-flow/blocks.md) and _scope_." +"See Blocks and _scope_." msgstr "" "代码块：\n" -"请参阅 [代码块](control-flow/blocks.md) 和 _作用域_。" +"请参阅 代码块和 _作用域_。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "borrow: \n" -"See [Borrowing](ownership/borrowing.md)." +"See Borrowing." msgstr "" "借用：\n" -"请参阅 [借用](ownership/borrowing.md)。" +"请参阅借用。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -22745,8 +19302,7 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "build: \n" -"The process of converting source code into executable code or a usable " -"program." +"The process of converting source code into executable code or a usable program." msgstr "" "build：\n" " 将源代码转换为可执行代码或可用程序的过程。" @@ -22762,17 +19318,18 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "channel: \n" -"Used to safely pass messages [between threads](concurrency/channels.md)." +"Used to safely pass messages between threads." msgstr "" "通道：\n" -"用于安全地 [在线程之间](concurrency/channels.md) 传递消息。" +"用于安全地在线程之间传递消息。" #: src/glossary.md -#, fuzzy msgid "" "Comprehensive Rust 🦀: \n" "The courses here are jointly called Comprehensive Rust 🦀." -msgstr "欢迎来到 Comprehensive Rust 🦀" +msgstr "" +"Comprehensive Rust 🦀: \n" +"这里的课程统称为 Comprehensive Rust 🦀。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -22783,11 +19340,12 @@ msgstr "" "同时执行多个任务或进程。" #: src/glossary.md -#, fuzzy msgid "" "Concurrency in Rust: \n" -"See [Concurrency in Rust](concurrency.md)." -msgstr "欢迎了解 Rust 中的并发" +"See Concurrency in Rust." +msgstr "" +"Rust 并发: \n" +"请参阅 Rust 并发。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -22800,8 +19358,7 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "control flow: \n" -"The order in which the individual statements or instructions are executed in " -"a program." +"The order in which the individual statements or instructions are executed in a program." msgstr "" "控制流：\n" "程序中各个语句或指令的执行顺序。" @@ -22815,14 +19372,13 @@ msgstr "" "未处理的意外故障或程序终止。" #: src/glossary.md -#, fuzzy msgid "" "enumeration: \n" -"A data type that holds one of several named constants, possibly with an " -"associated tuple or struct." +"A data type that holds one of several named constants, possibly with an associated tuple " +"or struct." msgstr "" "枚举：\n" -"一种由命名常量值组成的数据类型。" +"一种由命名常量值组成，可能有关联的元组或结构体的数据类型。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -22835,8 +19391,7 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "error handling: \n" -"The process of managing and responding to errors that occur during program " -"execution." +"The process of managing and responding to errors that occur during program execution." msgstr "" "错误处理：\n" "对程序执行期间发生的错误进行管理和响应的过程。" @@ -22860,8 +19415,8 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "garbage collector: \n" -"A mechanism that automatically frees up memory occupied by objects that are " -"no longer in use." +"A mechanism that automatically frees up memory occupied by objects that are no longer in " +"use." msgstr "" "垃圾回收器：\n" "一种自动释放不再使用的对象所占内存的机制。" @@ -22869,8 +19424,8 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "generics: \n" -"A feature that allows writing code with placeholders for types, enabling " -"code reuse with different data types." +"A feature that allows writing code with placeholders for types, enabling code reuse with " +"different data types." msgstr "" "泛型：\n" "这项功能支持使用类型占位符编写代码，支持对不同数据类型的代码进行重复使用。" @@ -22886,8 +19441,8 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "integration test: \n" -"A type of test that verifies the interactions between different parts or " -"components of a system." +"A type of test that verifies the interactions between different parts or components of a " +"system." msgstr "" "集成测试：\n" "一种测试，用于验证系统的不同部分或组件之间是否能够交互。" @@ -22895,8 +19450,8 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "keyword: \n" -"A reserved word in a programming language that has a specific meaning and " -"cannot be used as an identifier." +"A reserved word in a programming language that has a specific meaning and cannot be used " +"as an identifier." msgstr "" "关键字：\n" "编程语言中的保留字，具有特定含义且不能用作标识符。" @@ -22912,13 +19467,13 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "macro: \n" -"Rust macros can be recognized by a `!` in the name. Macros are used when " -"normal functions are not enough. A typical example is `format!`, which takes " -"a variable number of arguments, which isn't supported by Rust functions." +"Rust macros can be recognized by a `!` in the name. Macros are used when normal " +"functions are not enough. A typical example is `format!`, which takes a variable number " +"of arguments, which isn't supported by Rust functions." msgstr "" "宏：\n" -"Rust 宏可通过名称中的 `!` 符号识别。当普通函数无法满足需求时，可以使用宏。一" -"个典型示例是 `format!`，其接受可变数量的参数，但 Rust 函数不支持这种类型。" +"Rust 宏可通过名称中的 `!` 符号识别。当普通函数无法满足需求时，可以使用宏。一个典型示例是 " +"`format!`，其接受可变数量的参数，但 Rust 函数不支持这种类型。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" @@ -22931,8 +19486,8 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "match: \n" -"A control flow construct in Rust that allows for pattern matching on the " -"value of an expression." +"A control flow construct in Rust that allows for pattern matching on the value of an " +"expression." msgstr "" "匹配：\n" "Rust 中的控制流结构，允许对表达式的值进行模式匹配。" @@ -22940,8 +19495,8 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "memory leak: \n" -"A situation where a program fails to release memory that is no longer " -"needed, leading to a gradual increase in memory usage." +"A situation where a program fails to release memory that is no longer needed, leading to " +"a gradual increase in memory usage." msgstr "" "内存泄漏：\n" "指程序无法释放不再不要的内存的情况，导致内存用量不断增加。" @@ -22957,8 +19512,8 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "module: \n" -"A namespace that contains definitions, such as functions, types, or traits, " -"to organize code in Rust." +"A namespace that contains definitions, such as functions, types, or traits, to organize " +"code in Rust." msgstr "" "模块：\n" "Rust 中用于归纳整理代码的命名空间，其中包含函数、类型或特性等定义。" @@ -22974,8 +19529,7 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "mutable: \n" -"A property in Rust that allows variables to be modified after they have been " -"declared." +"A property in Rust that allows variables to be modified after they have been declared." msgstr "" "可变：\n" "Rust 中的一个属性，支持在声明变量后对其进行修改。" @@ -22983,8 +19537,8 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "ownership: \n" -"The concept in Rust that defines which part of the code is responsible for " -"managing the memory associated with a value." +"The concept in Rust that defines which part of the code is responsible for managing the " +"memory associated with a value." msgstr "" "所有权：\n" "Rust 中的概念，用于定义代码中的哪一部分负责管理与值关联的内存。" @@ -22992,8 +19546,7 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "panic: \n" -"An unrecoverable error condition in Rust that results in the termination of " -"the program." +"An unrecoverable error condition in Rust that results in the termination of the program." msgstr "" "panic：\n" "Rust 中导致程序终止且不可恢复的错误情况。" @@ -23009,8 +19562,8 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "pattern: \n" -"A combination of values, literals, or structures that can be matched against " -"an expression in Rust." +"A combination of values, literals, or structures that can be matched against an " +"expression in Rust." msgstr "" "模式：\n" "Rust 中可与表达式匹配的值、字面量或结构的组合。" @@ -23026,8 +19579,8 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "program: \n" -"A set of instructions that a computer can execute to perform a specific task " -"or solve a particular problem." +"A set of instructions that a computer can execute to perform a specific task or solve a " +"particular problem." msgstr "" "程序：\n" "计算机为执行特定任务或解决特定问题而执行的一组指令。" @@ -23043,8 +19596,8 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "receiver: \n" -"The first parameter in a Rust method that represents the instance on which " -"the method is called." +"The first parameter in a Rust method that represents the instance on which the method is " +"called." msgstr "" "接收器：\n" "Rust 方法中的首个参数，表示正在调用该方法的实例。" @@ -23052,8 +19605,8 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "reference counting: \n" -"A memory management technique in which the number of references to an object " -"is tracked, and the object is deallocated when the count reaches zero." +"A memory management technique in which the number of references to an object is tracked, " +"and the object is deallocated when the count reaches zero." msgstr "" "引用计数：\n" "一种内存管理方法，可以跟踪某个对象的引用数量，并在计数为零时释放该对象。" @@ -23069,8 +19622,7 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "Rust: \n" -"A systems programming language that focuses on safety, performance, and " -"concurrency." +"A systems programming language that focuses on safety, performance, and concurrency." msgstr "" "Rust：\n" "一种系统编程语言，专注于安全性、性能和并发性。" @@ -23078,30 +19630,32 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "Rust Fundamentals: \n" -"Days 1 to 3 of this course." +"Days 1 to 4 of this course." msgstr "" "Rust 基础知识：\n" -" 本课程第 1 天到第 3 天的授课内容。" +" 本课程第 1 天到第 4 天的授课内容。" #: src/glossary.md -#, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust in Android: \n" -"See [Rust in Android](android.md)." -msgstr "欢迎来到Android 中的Rust" +"See Rust in Android." +msgstr "" +"Android 中的Rust\n" +"欢迎参考Android 中的Rust。" #: src/glossary.md -#, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust in Chromium: \n" -"See [Rust in Chromium](chromium.md)." -msgstr "欢迎来到Android 中的Rust" +"See Rust in Chromium." +msgstr "" +"Rust 中的 Chromium: \n" +"参见 Rust 中的Chromium." #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "safe: \n" -"Refers to code that adheres to Rust's ownership and borrowing rules, " -"preventing memory-related errors." +"Refers to code that adheres to Rust's ownership and borrowing rules, preventing memory-" +"related errors." msgstr "" "安全：\n" "指代码遵循 Rust 的所有权和借用规则，以防止出现与内存相关的错误。" @@ -23125,8 +19679,7 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "static: \n" -"A keyword in Rust used to define static variables or items with a `'static` " -"lifetime." +"A keyword in Rust used to define static variables or items with a `'static` lifetime." msgstr "" "静态：\n" "Rust 中的关键字，用于定义具有 `'static` 生命周期的静态变量或项。" @@ -23134,18 +19687,16 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "string: \n" -"A data type storing textual data. See [`String` vs `str`](basic-syntax/" -"string-slices.html) for more." +"A data type storing textual data. See Strings for more." msgstr "" "字符串：\n" -"一种存储文本数据的数据类型。如需了解详情，请参阅 [`String` 与 `str`](basic-" -"syntax/string-slices.html)。" +"一种存储文本数据的数据类型。如需了解详情，请参阅 `String` 与 `str`。" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "struct: \n" -"A composite data type in Rust that groups together variables of different " -"types under a single name." +"A composite data type in Rust that groups together variables of different types under a " +"single name." msgstr "" "结构体：\n" "Rust 中的复合数据类型，可将不同类型的变量归到同一名称下。" @@ -23153,8 +19704,7 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "test: \n" -"A Rust module containing functions that test the correctness of other " -"functions." +"A Rust module containing functions that test the correctness of other functions." msgstr "" "test：\n" "Rust 中的模块，其中包含用于测试其他函数是否正确的函数。" @@ -23170,8 +19720,7 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "thread safety: \n" -"The property of a program that ensures correct behavior in a multithreaded " -"environment." +"The property of a program that ensures correct behavior in a multithreaded environment." msgstr "" "线程安全：\n" "一种程序属性，用于确保多线程环境中的行为正确无误。" @@ -23179,8 +19728,8 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "trait: \n" -"A collection of methods defined for an unknown type, providing a way to " -"achieve polymorphism in Rust." +"A collection of methods defined for an unknown type, providing a way to achieve " +"polymorphism in Rust." msgstr "" "trait：\n" "用于定义未知类型的一系列方法，为在 Rust 中实现多态性提供了方法。" @@ -23188,16 +19737,16 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "trait bound: \n" -"An abstraction where you can require types to implement some traits of your " -"interest." +"An abstraction where you can require types to implement some traits of your interest." msgstr "" +"特质约束： \n" +"一种抽象，您可以要求类型实现您感兴趣的一些特质。" #: src/glossary.md -#, fuzzy msgid "" "tuple: \n" -"A composite data type that contains variables of different types. Tuple " -"fields have no names, and are accessed by their ordinal numbers." +"A composite data type that contains variables of different types. Tuple fields have no " +"names, and are accessed by their ordinal numbers." msgstr "" "结构体：\n" "Rust 中的复合数据类型，可将不同类型的变量归到同一名称下。" @@ -23205,8 +19754,8 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "type: \n" -"A classification that specifies which operations can be performed on values " -"of a particular kind in Rust." +"A classification that specifies which operations can be performed on values of a " +"particular kind in Rust." msgstr "" "类型：\n" "一种分类方式，用于指定可以对 Rust 中特定类型的值执行哪些操作。" @@ -23214,8 +19763,7 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "type inference: \n" -"The ability of the Rust compiler to deduce the type of a variable or " -"expression." +"The ability of the Rust compiler to deduce the type of a variable or expression." msgstr "" "类型推理：\n" "Rust 编译器能够推断变量或表达式的类型。" @@ -23223,8 +19771,8 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "undefined behavior: \n" -"Actions or conditions in Rust that have no specified result, often leading " -"to unpredictable program behavior." +"Actions or conditions in Rust that have no specified result, often leading to " +"unpredictable program behavior." msgstr "" "未定义的行为：\n" "Rust 中未指定结果的操作或条件，通常会导致不可预测的程序行为。" @@ -23240,373 +19788,2646 @@ msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "unit test: \n" -"Rust comes with built-in support for running small unit tests and larger " -"integration tests. See [Unit Tests](testing/unit-tests.html)." +"Rust comes with built-in support for running small unit tests and larger integration " +"tests. See Unit Tests." msgstr "" "单元测试：\n" -"Rust 内置了运行小型单元测试和大型集成测试的支持功能。请参阅 [单元测试]" -"(testing/unit-tests.html)。" +"Rust 内置了运行小型单元测试和大型集成测试的支持功能。请参阅单元测试。" + +#: src/glossary.md +msgid "" +"unit type: \n" +"Type that holds no data, written as a tuple with no members." +msgstr "" +"单元类型： \n" +"不包含任何数据的类型，表示为没有成员的元组。" + +#: src/glossary.md +msgid "" +"unsafe: \n" +"The subset of Rust which allows you to trigger _undefined behavior_. See Unsafe Rust." +msgstr "" +"不安全：\n" +"Rust 的子集，允许您触发 _未定义_ 的行为。请参阅不安全 Rust。" + +#: src/glossary.md +msgid "" +"variable: \n" +"A memory location storing data. Variables are valid in a _scope_." +msgstr "" +"变量：\n" +"用于存储数据的内存位置。变量在 _作用域_ 内有效。" + +#: src/other-resources.md +msgid "Other Rust Resources" +msgstr "其他 Rust 资源" + +#: src/other-resources.md +msgid "The Rust community has created a wealth of high-quality and free resources online." +msgstr "Rust 社区已经创造了丰富的高质量免费资源在线提供。" + +#: src/other-resources.md +msgid "Official Documentation" +msgstr "官方文档" + +#: src/other-resources.md +msgid "The Rust project hosts many resources. These cover Rust in general:" +msgstr "Rust 项目提供了许多资源。这些资源涵盖了 Rust 的一般内容：" + +#: src/other-resources.md +msgid "" +"The Rust Programming Language: the canonical free book about Rust. Covers the language " +"in detail and includes a few projects for people to build." +msgstr "" +"Rust 程序设计语言：一部有关 Rust 的免费权威图书。书中详细介绍了该语言，并包含一些可供读者" +"构建的项目。" + +#: src/other-resources.md +msgid "" +"Rust By Example: covers the Rust syntax via a series of examples which showcase " +"different constructs. Sometimes includes small exercises where you are asked to expand " +"on the code in the examples." +msgstr "" +"通过例子学 Rust：通过一系列展示不同结构的示例介绍 Rust 语法。有时会包括一些小练习，会要求" +"您充分地阐述示例中的代码。" + +#: src/other-resources.md +msgid "Rust Standard Library: full documentation of the standard library for Rust." +msgstr "Rust 标准库：Rust 标准库的完整文档。" + +#: src/other-resources.md +msgid "" +"The Rust Reference: an incomplete book which describes the Rust grammar and memory model." +msgstr "Rust 参考手册：一本未完成的书，介绍了 Rust 语法和内存模型。" + +#: src/other-resources.md +msgid "More specialized guides hosted on the official Rust site:" +msgstr "Rust 官方网站上有更多专业指南：" + +#: src/other-resources.md +msgid "" +"The Rustonomicon: covers unsafe Rust, including working with raw pointers and " +"interfacing with other languages (FFI)." +msgstr "Rust 秘典：介绍了不安全 Rust，包括使用原始指针以及与其他语言 (FFI) 交互。" + +#: src/other-resources.md +msgid "" +"Asynchronous Programming in Rust: covers the new asynchronous programming model which " +"was introduced after the Rust Book was written." +msgstr "Rust 中的异步编程：介绍了在《Rust 程序设计语言》成书后引入的新异步编程模型。" + +#: src/other-resources.md +msgid "" +"The Embedded Rust Book: an introduction to using Rust on embedded devices without an " +"operating system." +msgstr "嵌入式 Rust 之书：介绍如何在没有操作系统的嵌入式设备上使用 Rust。" + +#: src/other-resources.md +msgid "Unofficial Learning Material" +msgstr "非官方学习资料" + +#: src/other-resources.md +msgid "A small selection of other guides and tutorial for Rust:" +msgstr "其他 Rust 指南和教程的小选集：" + +#: src/other-resources.md +msgid "" +"Learn Rust the Dangerous Way: covers Rust from the perspective of low-level C " +"programmers." +msgstr "以危险的方式学 Rust：从低级 C 语言程序员的角度介绍 Rust。" + +#: src/other-resources.md +msgid "" +"Rust for Embedded C Programmers: covers Rust from the perspective of developers who " +"write firmware in C." +msgstr "面向嵌入式 C 程序员的 Rust：从使用 C 语言编写固件的开发者的角度介绍 Rust。" + +#: src/other-resources.md +msgid "" +"Rust for professionals: covers the syntax of Rust using side-by-side comparisons with " +"other languages such as C, C++, Java, JavaScript, and Python." +msgstr "" +"面向专业人士的 Rust：通过与其他语言（例如 C、C++、Java、JavaScript 和 Python）进行并排比" +"较，介绍 Rust 的语法。" + +#: src/other-resources.md +msgid "Rust on Exercism: 100+ exercises to help you learn Rust." +msgstr "在 Exercism 上学 Rust：100 多项练习助您学习 Rust。" + +#: src/other-resources.md +msgid "" +"Ferrous Teaching Material: a series of small presentations covering both basic and " +"advanced part of the Rust language. Other topics such as WebAssembly, and async/await " +"are also covered." +msgstr "" +"Ferrous Teaching Material：一系列小演示文稿，涵盖 Rust 语言的基础知识和高级部分。还涵盖" +"了 WebAssembly 和 async/await 等其他主题。" + +#: src/other-resources.md +msgid "" +"Advanced testing for Rust applications: a self-paced workshop that goes beyond Rust's " +"built-in testing framework. It covers `googletest`, snapshot testing, mocking as well as " +"how to write your own custom test harness." +msgstr "" +"Advanced testing for Rust applications：一个自定进度的研讨会，超越了 Rust 的内置测试框" +"架。它涵盖了 `googletest`，快照测试，模拟以及如何编写自己的定制测试框架。" + +#: src/other-resources.md +msgid "" +"Beginner's Series to Rust and Take your first steps with Rust: two Rust guides aimed at " +"new developers. The first is a set of 35 videos and the second is a set of 11 modules " +"which covers Rust syntax and basic constructs." +msgstr "" +"面向 Rust 的初学者系列和使用 Rust 迈出第一步：两个面向新手开发者的 Rust 指南。第一个指南" +"包含 35 个视频，第二个指南包含 11 个模块，内容涵盖 Rust 语法和基本结构。" + +#: src/other-resources.md +msgid "" +"Learn Rust With Entirely Too Many Linked Lists: in-depth exploration of Rust's memory " +"management rules, through implementing a few different types of list structures." +msgstr "" +"通过大量的链表学习Rust：通过实现几种不同类型的列表结构，深入探索 Rust 的内存管理规则。" + +#: src/other-resources.md +msgid "Please see the Little Book of Rust Books for even more Rust books." +msgstr "如需更多 Rust 图书，请查看Rust 小册。" + +#: src/credits.md +msgid "" +"The material here builds on top of the many great sources of Rust documentation. See the " +"page on other resources for a full list of useful resources." +msgstr "" +"本课中的资料以众多优秀的 Rust 文档资源为基础。 如需查看实用资源的完整列表， 请参阅关于其" +"他资源的页面。" + +#: src/credits.md +msgid "" +"The material of Comprehensive Rust is licensed under the terms of the Apache 2.0 " +"license, please see `LICENSE` for details." +msgstr "" +"我们根据 Apache 2.0 许可条款 授权你使用“全面了解 Rust”（Comprehensive Rust）的资料。如需" +"了解详情，请参阅`许可`。" + +#: src/credits.md +msgid "Rust by Example" +msgstr "Rust 示例" + +#: src/credits.md +msgid "" +"Some examples and exercises have been copied and adapted from Rust by Example. Please " +"see the `third_party/rust-by-example/` directory for details, including the license " +"terms." +msgstr "" +"部分示例和练习复制并 改编自Rust by Example。如需了解详情（包括许可 条款），请参阅 " +"`third_party/rust-by-example/` 目录。" + +#: src/credits.md +msgid "Rust on Exercism" +msgstr "Rust on Exercism" + +#: src/credits.md +msgid "" +"Some exercises have been copied and adapted from Rust on Exercism. Please see the " +"`third_party/rust-on-exercism/` directory for details, including the license terms." +msgstr "" +"部分练习复制并 改编自Rust on Exercism。如需了解详情（包括许可 条款），请参阅 " +"`third_party/rust-on-exercism/` 目录。" + +#: src/credits.md +msgid "CXX" +msgstr "CXX" + +#: src/credits.md +msgid "" +"The Interoperability with C++ section uses an image from CXX. Please see the " +"`third_party/cxx/` directory for details, including the license terms." +msgstr "" +"“与 C++ 的互操作性”部分引用了一张 来自 CXX 的图片。如需了解详情（包括许可条款）， 请参阅 " +"`third_party/cxx/` 目录。" + +#~ msgid "Conditionals" +#~ msgstr "条件控制" + +#~ msgid "Static and Const" +#~ msgstr "静态变量与常量" + +#~ msgid "Slices and Lifetimes" +#~ msgstr "切片与生命周期" + +#~ msgid "String References" +#~ msgstr "字符串引用" + +#~ msgid "Control Flow" +#~ msgstr "控制流" + +#~ msgid "[Welcome](../welcome-day-1.md) (5 minutes)" +#~ msgstr "[欢迎](../welcome-day-1.md)（5 分钟）" + +#~ msgid "[Hello, World](../hello-world.md) (20 minutes)" +#~ msgstr "[Hello, World](../hello-world.md)（20 分钟）" + +#~ msgid "[Types and Values](../types-and-values.md) (55 minutes)" +#~ msgstr "[类型和值](../types-and-values.md)（55 分钟）" + +#~ msgid "[Control Flow Basics](../control-flow-basics.md) (55 minutes)" +#~ msgstr "[控制流](../control-flow-basics.md)（55 分钟）" + +#~ msgid "[Tuples and Arrays](../tuples-and-arrays.md) (1 hour)" +#~ msgstr "[元组和数组](../tuples-and-arrays.md)（1 小时）" + +#~ msgid "[References](../references.md) (50 minutes)" +#~ msgstr "[引用](../references.md)（50 分钟）" + +#~ msgid "[User-Defined Types](../user-defined-types.md) (50 minutes)" +#~ msgstr "[用户定义的类型](../user-defined-types.md)（50 分钟）" + +#~ msgid "[Welcome](../welcome-day-2.md) (3 minutes)" +#~ msgstr "[欢迎](../welcome-day-2.md)（3 分钟）" + +#~ msgid "[Pattern Matching](../pattern-matching.md) (50 minutes)" +#~ msgstr "[模式匹配](../pattern-matching.md)（50 分钟）" + +#~ msgid "[Methods and Traits](../methods-and-traits.md) (40 minutes)" +#~ msgstr "[方法和特征](../methods-and-traits.md)（45 分钟）" + +#~ msgid "[Generics](../generics.md) (40 minutes)" +#~ msgstr "[泛型](../generics.md)（45 分钟）" + +#~ msgid "Day 2 Afternoon (3 hours, including breaks)" +#~ msgstr "第二天下午（3 小时，含休息时间）" + +#~ msgid "[Standard Library Types](../std-types.md) (1 hour and 10 minutes)" +#~ msgstr "[标准库类型](../std-types.md)（1 小时 10 分钟）" + +#~ msgid "[Standard Library Traits](../std-traits.md) (1 hour and 40 minutes)" +#~ msgstr "[标准库特征](../std-traits.md)（1 小时 40 分钟）" + +#~ msgid "[Welcome](../welcome-day-3.md) (3 minutes)" +#~ msgstr "[欢迎](../welcome-day-3.md)（3 分钟）" + +#~ msgid "[Memory Management](../memory-management.md) (1 hour)" +#~ msgstr "[内存管理](../memory-management.md)（1 小时）" + +#~ msgid "[Smart Pointers](../smart-pointers.md) (55 minutes)" +#~ msgstr "[智能指针](../smart-pointers.md)（55 分钟）" + +#~ msgid "[Borrowing](../borrowing.md) (1 hour)" +#~ msgstr "[借用](../borrowing.md)（1 小时）" + +#~ msgid "[Slices and Lifetimes](../slices-and-lifetimes.md) (1 hour and 10 minutes)" +#~ msgstr "[切片与生命周期](../slices-and-lifetimes.md)（1 小时 10 分钟）" + +#~ msgid "Day 4 Morning (2 hours and 50 minutes, including breaks)" +#~ msgstr "第四天上午（2 小时 50 分钟，含休息时间）" + +#~ msgid "[Welcome](../welcome-day-4.md) (3 minutes)" +#~ msgstr "[欢迎](../welcome-day-4.md)（3 分钟）" + +#~ msgid "[Iterators](../iterators.md) (45 minutes)" +#~ msgstr "[迭代器](../iterators.md)（45 分钟）" + +#~ msgid "[Modules](../modules.md) (40 minutes)" +#~ msgstr "[模块](../modules.md)（40 分钟）" + +#~ msgid "[Testing](../testing.md) (1 hour)" +#~ msgstr "[测试](../testing.md)（1 小时）" + +#~ msgid "Day 4 Afternoon (2 hours, including breaks)" +#~ msgstr "第四天下午（2 小时，含休息时间）" + +#~ msgid "[Error Handling](../error-handling.md) (45 minutes)" +#~ msgstr "[错误处理](../error-handling.md)（45 分钟）" + +#~ msgid "[Unsafe Rust](../unsafe-rust.md) (1 hour and 5 minutes)" +#~ msgstr "[不安全 Rust](../unsafe-rust.md)（1 小时 5 分钟）" + +#~ msgid "Arrow-Left" +#~ msgstr "向左箭头" + +#~ msgid "Arrow-Right" +#~ msgstr "向右箭头" + +#~ msgid "Ctrl + Enter" +#~ msgstr "Ctrl + Enter" + +#~ msgid "s" +#~ msgstr "s" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "[Brazilian Portuguese](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/pt-BR/) by " +#~ "[@rastringer](https://github.com/rastringer), [@hugojacob](https://github.com/" +#~ "hugojacob), [@joaovicmendes](https://github.com/joaovicmendes), and [@henrif75]" +#~ "(https://github.com/henrif75)." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "[巴西葡萄牙语版本](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/pt-BR/) 译者：" +#~ "[@rastringer](https://github.com/rastringer)、[@hugojacob](https://github.com/" +#~ "hugojacob)、[@joaovicmendes](https://github.com/joaovicmendes) 和 [@henrif75](https://" +#~ "github.com/henrif75)。" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "[Chinese (Simplified)](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/zh-CN/) by " +#~ "[@suetfei](https://github.com/suetfei), [@wnghl](https://github.com/wnghl), [@anlunx]" +#~ "(https://github.com/anlunx), [@kongy](https://github.com/kongy), [@noahdragon]" +#~ "(https://github.com/noahdragon), [@superwhd](https://github.com/superwhd), [@SketchK]" +#~ "(https://github.com/SketchK), and [@nodmp](https://github.com/nodmp)." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "[简体中文版本](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/zh-CN/) 译者：[@suetfei]" +#~ "(https://github.com/suetfei)、[@wnghl](https://github.com/wnghl)、[@anlunx](https://" +#~ "github.com/anlunx)、[@kongy](https://github.com/kongy)、[@noahdragon](https://github." +#~ "com/noahdragon)、[@superwhd](https://github.com/superwhd)、[@SketchK](https://github." +#~ "com/SketchK) 和 [@nodmp](https://github.com/nodmp)。" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "[Chinese (Traditional)](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/zh-TW/) by " +#~ "[@hueich](https://github.com/hueich), [@victorhsieh](https://github.com/victorhsieh), " +#~ "[@mingyc](https://github.com/mingyc), [@kuanhungchen](https://github.com/" +#~ "kuanhungchen), and [@johnathan79717](https://github.com/johnathan79717)." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "[繁体中文版本](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/zh-TW/) 译者：[@hueich]" +#~ "(https://github.com/hueich)、[@victorhsieh](https://github.com/victorhsieh)、[@mingyc]" +#~ "(https://github.com/mingyc)、[@kuanhungchen](https://github.com/kuanhungchen) 和 " +#~ "[@johnathan79717](https://github.com/johnathan79717)。" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "[Korean](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/ko/) by [@keispace](https://" +#~ "github.com/keispace), [@jiyongp](https://github.com/jiyongp), and [@jooyunghan]" +#~ "(https://github.com/jooyunghan)." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "[韩语版本](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/ko/) 译者：[@keispace](https://" +#~ "github.com/keispace)、[@jiyongp](https://github.com/jiyongp) 和 [@jooyunghan](https://" +#~ "github.com/jooyunghan)。" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "[Spanish](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/es/) by [@deavid](https://" +#~ "github.com/deavid)." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "[西班牙语版本](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/es/) 译者：[@deavid]" +#~ "(https://github.com/deavid)。" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "[Bengali](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/bn/) by [@raselmandol](https://" +#~ "github.com/raselmandol)." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "[孟加拉语版本](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/bn/) 译者：[@raselmandol]" +#~ "(https://github.com/raselmandol)。" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "[French](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/fr/) by [@KookaS](https://github." +#~ "com/KookaS) and [@vcaen](https://github.com/vcaen)." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "[法语版本](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/fr/) 译者：[@KookaS](https://" +#~ "github.com/KookaS) 和 [@vcaen](https://github.com/vcaen)。" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "[German](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/de/) by [@Throvn](https://github." +#~ "com/Throvn) and [@ronaldfw](https://github.com/ronaldfw)." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "[德语版本](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/de/) 译者：[@Throvn](https://" +#~ "github.com/Throvn) 和 [@ronaldfw](https://github.com/ronaldfw)。" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "[Japanese](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/ja/) by [@CoinEZ-JPN](https://" +#~ "github.com/CoinEZ) and [@momotaro1105](https://github.com/momotaro1105)." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "[日语版本](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/ja/) 译者：[@CoinEZ-JPN]" +#~ "(https://github.com/CoinEZ) 和 [@momotaro1105](https://github.com/momotaro1105)。" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "[Italian](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/it/) by [@henrythebuilder]" +#~ "(https://github.com/henrythebuilder) and [@detro](https://github.com/detro)." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "[意大利语版本](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/it/) 译者：" +#~ "[@henrythebuilder](https://github.com/henrythebuilder) 和 [@detro](https://github.com/" +#~ "detro)。" + +#~ msgid "[workspaces](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/workspaces.html)" +#~ msgstr "[工作区](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/workspaces.html)" + +#~ msgid "[build scripting](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/build-scripts.html)" +#~ msgstr "[构建脚本](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/build-scripts.html)" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "[global installation](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/commands/cargo-install.html)" +#~ msgstr "[全局安装](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/commands/cargo-install.html)" + +#~ msgid "You can use " +#~ msgstr "你可以使用 " + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Rust supports many [platforms and architectures](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/" +#~ "rustc/platform-support.html):" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "Rust 支持多种[平台和架构](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/rustc/platform-support." +#~ "html):" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "[Strings](./types-and-values/strings.md) (5 minutes)" +#~ msgstr "如需详细了解 Rust 中 的模式，请参阅 [模式匹配](../pattern-matching.md)。" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "// println!(\"x: {x}\");" +#~ msgstr "// println!(\"s1: {s1}\");\n" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Rust has two types to represent strings, both of which will be covered in more depth " +#~ "later. Both _always_ store UTF-8 encoded strings." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "Rust 有两种用于表示字符串的类型，稍后会对它们进行更详细的介绍。两种类型都 _始终_ 存储" +#~ "UTF-8 编码的字符串。" + +#~ msgid "`&str` - a read-only string. String literals have this type." +#~ msgstr "`&str` 为只读字符串。字符串字面量属于此类型。" + +#~ msgid "\"🪐\"" +#~ msgstr "\"🪐\"" + +#~ msgid "\", \"" +#~ msgstr "\", \"" + +#~ msgid "\"final sentence: {}\"" +#~ msgstr "\"final sentence: {}\"" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "//println!(\"{:?}\", &sentence[12..13]);" +#~ msgstr "//println!(\"{:?}\", &sentence[12..13]);\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "This slide introduces strings. Everything here will be covered in more depth later, " +#~ "but this is enough for subsequent slides and exercises to use strings." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "此幻灯片介绍了字符串。此处所有内容均会在稍后进行更详细的介绍，但对于后续幻灯片和练习而" +#~ "言，当前介绍足以支撑使用字符串了。" + +#~ msgid "Invalid UTF-8 in a string is UB, and this not allowed in safe Rust." +#~ msgstr "字符串中的无效 UTF-8 是未定义行为 (UB)，这在安全的 Rust 中是不允许的。" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "`String` is a user-defined type with a constructor (`::new()`) and methods like `s." +#~ "push_str(..)`." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "`String` 是一种用户定义的类型，具有构造函数 (`::new()`) 和类似 `s.push_str(..)` 的方" +#~ "法。" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "The `&` in `&str` indicates that this is a reference. We will cover references later, " +#~ "so for now just think of `&str` as a unit meaning \"a read-only string\"." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "`&str` 中的 `&` 表示这是一个引用。我们稍后将介绍引用，现在只需将 `&str` 视为一个单位，" +#~ "表示 “只读字符”。" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "The commented-out line is indexing into the string by byte position. `12..13` does " +#~ "not end on a character boundary, so the program panics. Adjust it to a range that " +#~ "does, based on the error message." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "注释掉的行会按字节位置编入字符串的索引。`12..13` 不是以字符边界结尾，因此会导致程序 " +#~ "panic。根据错误消息，将其调整至以字符边界结尾的范围。" + +#~ msgid "Much of the Rust syntax will be familiar to you from C, C++ or Java:" +#~ msgstr "Rust 的许多语法与 C、C++ 和 Java 的语法相似：" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "Blocks are delimited by curly braces." +#~ msgstr "代码块和作用域都是由花括号来界定的。" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Line comments are started with `//`, block comments are delimited by `/* ... */`." +#~ msgstr "行内注释以 `//` 起始，块注释使用 `/* ... */` 来界定。" + +#~ msgid "Keywords like `if` and `while` work the same." +#~ msgstr "`if` 和 `while` 等关键词作用与以上语言一致。" + +#~ msgid "Variable assignment is done with `=`, comparison is done with `==`." +#~ msgstr "变量赋值使用 `=`，值之间比较使用 `==`。" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "" +#~ "The [`for` loop](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword.for.html) iterates over ranges " +#~ "of values:" +#~ msgstr "[`Drop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Drop.html) 用于定义析构函数。" + +#~ msgid "We will discuss iteration later; for now, just stick to range expressions." +#~ msgstr "我们稍后会讨论迭代；暂时只使用范围表达式。" + +#~ msgid "\"{result}\"" +#~ msgstr "\"{result}\"" + +#~ msgid "\"x: {x}, i: {i}\"" +#~ msgstr "\"x: {x}, i: {i}\"" + +#~ msgid "In this case we break the outer loop after 3 iterations of the inner loop." +#~ msgstr "在本示例中，我们会在内循环 3 次迭代后终止外循环。" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "The [Collatz Sequence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collatz_conjecture) is defined " +#~ "as follows, for an arbitrary n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "[考拉兹序列](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collatz_conjecture) 的定义如下，其中任意 n" + +#~ msgid "1" +#~ msgstr "1" + +#~ msgid " greater than zero:" +#~ msgstr " 大于零：" + +#~ msgid "If _n" +#~ msgstr "如果 _n" + +#~ msgid "i" +#~ msgstr "i" + +#~ msgid "_." +#~ msgstr "_." + +#~ msgid "_ is even, then _n" +#~ msgstr "_ 为偶数，则 _n" + +#~ msgid "i+1" +#~ msgstr "i+1" + +#~ msgid " = n" +#~ msgstr " = n" + +#~ msgid " / 2_." +#~ msgstr " / 2_。" + +#~ msgid "_ is odd, then _n" +#~ msgstr "_ 为奇数，则 _n" + +#~ msgid " = 3 * n" +#~ msgstr " = 3 * n" + +#~ msgid " + 1_." +#~ msgstr " + 1_。" + +#~ msgid "_ = 3:" +#~ msgstr "_ = 3 开头：" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "3 is odd, so _n" +#~ msgstr "3 是奇数，因此 _n" + +#~ msgid "2" +#~ msgstr "2" + +#~ msgid "_ = 3 * 3 + 1 = 10;" +#~ msgstr "_ = 3 * 3 + 1 = 10；" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "10 is even, so _n" +#~ msgstr "10 是偶数，因此 _n" + +#~ msgid "_ = 10 / 2 = 5;" +#~ msgstr "_ = 10 / 2 = 5；" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "5 is odd, so _n" +#~ msgstr "5 是奇数，因此 _n" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "_ = 3 * 5 + 1 = 16;" +#~ msgstr "_ = 3 * 15 + 1 = 16；" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "16 is even, so _n" +#~ msgstr "16 是偶数，因此 _n" + +#~ msgid "5" +#~ msgstr "5" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "_ = 16 / 2 = 8;" +#~ msgstr "_ = 16 / 2 = 8；" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "8 is even, so _n" +#~ msgstr "8 是偶数，因此 _n" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "_ = 8 / 2 = 4;" +#~ msgstr "_ = 8 / 2 = 4；" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "4 is even, so _n" +#~ msgstr "4 是偶数，因此 _n" + +#~ msgid "7" +#~ msgstr "7" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "_ = 4 / 2 = 2;" +#~ msgstr "_ = 4 / 2 = 2；" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "2 is even, so _n" +#~ msgstr "2 是偶数，因此 _n" + +#~ msgid "_ = 1; and" +#~ msgstr "_ = 1；并且" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Tuples and arrays are the first \"compound\" types we have seen. All elements of an " +#~ "array have the same type, while tuples can accommodate different types. Both types " +#~ "have a size fixed at compile time." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "元组和数组是我们见过的第一个 “复合”类型。数组的所有元素具有相同的类型，而元组可以适应" +#~ "不同的类型。这两种类型的大小在编译时是固定的。" + +#~ msgid "`[T; N]`" +#~ msgstr "`[T; N]`" + +#~ msgid "`[20, 30, 40]`, `[0; 3]`" +#~ msgstr "`[20, 30, 40]`, `[0; 3]`" + +#~ msgid "`()`, `(T,)`, `(T1, T2)`, ..." +#~ msgstr "`()`, `(T,)`, `(T1, T2)`, ..." + +#~ msgid "`()`, `('x',)`, `('x', 1.2)`, ..." +#~ msgstr "`()`, `('x',)`, `('x', 1.2)`, ..." + +#~ msgid "Array assignment and access:" +#~ msgstr "数组的赋值和访问操作：" + +#~ msgid "Tuple assignment and access:" +#~ msgstr "元组的赋值和访问操作：" + +#~ msgid "Arrays:" +#~ msgstr "数组：" + +#~ msgid "Tuples:" +#~ msgstr "元组：" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "" +#~ "The empty tuple `()` is also known as the \"unit type\". It is both a type, and the " +#~ "only valid value of that type --- that is to say both the type and its value are " +#~ "expressed as `()`. It is used to indicate, for example, that a function or expression " +#~ "has no return value, as we'll see in a future slide." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "空元组 `()` 也被称作 “单元（unit）类型”. 它既是一个类型， 也是这种类型的唯一值——也就是" +#~ "说它的类型和它的值都被表示为 `()`。它通常用于表示，比如，一个函数或表达式没有返回值，" +#~ "我们会在后续的幻灯片种见到这种用法。" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "" +#~ "You can think of it as `void` that can be familiar to you from other programming " +#~ "languages." +#~ msgstr "你可以将其理解为你可能在其他编程语言中比较熟悉的 `void` 类型。" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Destructuring is a way of extracting data from a data structure by writing a pattern " +#~ "that is matched up to the data structure, binding variables to subcomponents of the " +#~ "data structure." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "解构是一种从数据结构中提取数据的方法，具体方法是编写与数据结构匹配的模式，将变量绑定到" +#~ "数据结构的子组件。" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "You can destructure tuples and arrays by matching on their elements:" +#~ msgstr "你可以通过元素匹配来解构数组、元组和切片：" + +#~ msgid "\"on Y axis\"" +#~ msgstr "\"on Y axis\"" + +#~ msgid "\"on X axis\"" +#~ msgstr "\"on X axis\"" + +#~ msgid "\"left of Y axis\"" +#~ msgstr "\"left of Y axis\"" + +#~ msgid "\"below X axis\"" +#~ msgstr "\"below X axis\"" + +#~ msgid "\"first quadrant\"" +#~ msgstr "\"first quadrant\"" + +#~ msgid "\"Tell me about {triple:?}\"" +#~ msgstr "\"Tell me about {triple:?}\"" + +#~ msgid "\"First is 0, y = {y}, and z = {z}\"" +#~ msgstr "\"First is 0, y = {y}, and z = {z}\"" + +#~ msgid "\"First is 1 and the rest were ignored\"" +#~ msgstr "\"First is 1 and the rest were ignored\"" + +#~ msgid "\"All elements were ignored\"" +#~ msgstr "\"All elements were ignored\"" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "Create a new array pattern using `_` to represent an element." +#~ msgstr "使用 `_` 创建一个新的模式来代表一个元素。" + +#~ msgid "Add more values to the array." +#~ msgstr "向数组中添加更多的值。" + +#~ msgid "Point out that how `..` will expand to account for different number of elements." +#~ msgstr "指出 `..` 是如何扩展以适应不同数量的元素的。" + +#~ msgid "Show matching against the tail with patterns `[.., b]` and `[a@..,b]`" +#~ msgstr "展示使用模式 `[.., b]` 和 `[a@..,b]` 来匹配切片的尾部。" + +#~ msgid "Hard-code both functions to operate on 3 × 3 matrices." +#~ msgstr "硬编码这两个函数，让它们处理 3 × 3 的矩阵。" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Copy the code below to and implement the functions:" +#~ msgstr "将下面的代码复制到 并实现上述函数：" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "// Calculate the magnitude of a vector by summing the squares of its coordinates" +#~ msgstr "/// Calculate the magnitude of the given vector.\n" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Static and constant variables are two different ways to create globally-scoped values " +#~ "that cannot be moved or reallocated during the execution of the program." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "静态变量和常量是创建全局范围值的两种不同方法，这类值在程序执行期间无法移动或重新分配。" + +#~ msgid "Properties table:" +#~ msgstr "属性表：" + +#~ msgid "Has an address in memory" +#~ msgstr "在内存中有地址" + +#~ msgid "No (inlined)" +#~ msgstr "否（内嵌）" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "Lives for the entire duration of the program" +#~ msgstr "`main` 函数是程序的入口。" + +#~ msgid "Can be mutable" +#~ msgstr "可变" + +#~ msgid "Yes (unsafe)" +#~ msgstr "是（不安全）" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "Evaluated at compile time" +#~ msgstr "值在编译时具有已知的固定大小。" + +#~ msgid "Yes (initialised at compile time)" +#~ msgstr "是（在编译时被初始化）" + +#~ msgid "Inlined wherever it is used" +#~ msgstr "内嵌在使用它的任何位置" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "[Pattern Matching](./pattern-matching.md) (50 minutes)" +#~ msgstr "如需详细了解 Rust 中的模式，请参阅[模式匹配](../pattern-matching.md)。" + +#~ msgid "`match` expressions" +#~ msgstr "`match` 表达式" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "[Deriving](./methods-and-traits/deriving.md) (3 minutes)" +#~ msgstr "如需详细了解 Rust 中 的模式，请参阅[模式匹配](../pattern-matching.md)。" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "// fn set_x(&mut self, x: T)" +#~ msgstr "// fn set_x(&mut self, x: T)\n" + +#~ msgid "/// Return true if self is less than other.\n" +#~ msgstr "/// Return true if self is less than other.\n" + +#~ msgid "\"Shapiro\"" +#~ msgstr "\"Shapiro\"" + +#~ msgid "\"Baumann\"" +#~ msgstr "\"Baumann\"" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "" +#~ "All of the details about [loops](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/reference/" +#~ "expressions/loop-expr.html)." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "如果你想提前退出循环，请使用 [`break`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/" +#~ "expressions/loop-expr.html#break-expressions)，" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Primitive types like [`u8`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/primitive.u8.html)." +#~ msgstr "['u8'](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/primitive.u8.html) 等基元类型。" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Standard library types like [`Option`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/option/" +#~ "enum.Option.html) or [`BinaryHeap`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/collections/" +#~ "struct.BinaryHeap.html)." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "[“str”](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/primitive.str.html)和[“String”](https://doc." +#~ "rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html)" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "///" +#~ msgstr "//\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "[`String`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html) is the standard " +#~ "heap-allocated growable UTF-8 string buffer:" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "[`String`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html) 是标准堆分配的可扩" +#~ "容 UTF-8 字符串缓冲区：" + +#~ msgid "/// Counter counts the number of times each value of type T has been seen.\n" +#~ msgstr "/// Counter counts the number of times each value of type T has been seen.\n" + +#~ msgid "/// Create a new Counter.\n" +#~ msgstr "/// Create a new Counter.\n" + +#~ msgid "/// Count an occurrence of the given value.\n" +#~ msgstr "/// Count an occurrence of the given value.\n" + +#~ msgid "/// Return the number of times the given value has been seen.\n" +#~ msgstr "/// Return the number of times the given value has been seen.\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Types implement [`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) and " +#~ "[`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) to facilitate type " +#~ "conversions:" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "类型会实现 [`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) 和 [`Into`]" +#~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) 以加快类型转换：" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "[`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) is automatically " +#~ "implemented when [`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) is " +#~ "implemented:" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "实现 [`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) 后，系统会自动实" +#~ "现 [`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html)：" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Using [`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) and [`BufRead`]" +#~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.BufRead.html), you can abstract over `u8` " +#~ "sources:" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "您可以使用 [`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) 和 [`BufRead`]" +#~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.BufRead.html) 对 `u8` 来源进行抽象化处理：" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "" +#~ "The `..` syntax is called [struct update syntax](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/" +#~ "ch05-01-defining-structs.html#creating-instances-from-other-instances-with-struct-" +#~ "update-syntax)." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "“..”语法被称为[结构体更新语法](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch05-01-defining-" +#~ "structs.html#creating-instances-from-other-instances-with-struct-update-syntax)" + +#~ msgid "\"there\"" +#~ msgstr "\"there\"" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "// undefined behavior." +#~ msgstr "Rust 没有运行时未定义行为：" + +#~ msgid "\"ptr = {ptr:#x}, len = {len}, capacity = {capacity}\"" +#~ msgstr "\"ptr = {ptr:#x}, len = {len}, capacity = {capacity}\"" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "A `Box` cannot be empty, so the pointer is always valid and non-`null`. This allows " +#~ "the compiler to optimize the memory layout:" +#~ msgstr "`Box` 不得为空，因此指针始终有效且非 `null`。这样， 编译器就可以优化内存布局：" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "" +#~ "```bob\n" +#~ " Stack Heap\n" +#~ ".- - - - - - - - - - - - - - . .- - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" +#~ ": : : :\n" +#~ ": list : : :\n" +#~ ": +---------+----+----+ : : +---------+----+----+ :\n" +#~ ": | Element | 1 | o--+----+-----+--->| Element | 2 | // | :\n" +#~ ": +---------+----+----+ : : +---------+----+----+ :\n" +#~ ": : : :\n" +#~ ": : : :\n" +#~ "'- - - - - - - - - - - - - - ' '- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" +#~ "```" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "```bob\n" +#~ " 栈 堆\n" +#~ ".- - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" +#~ ": : : :\n" +#~ ": list : : :\n" +#~ ": +------+----+----+ : : +------+----+----+ +------+----+----+ :\n" +#~ ": | Cons | 1 | o--+----+-----+--->| Cons | 2 | o--+--->| Nil | // | // | :\n" +#~ ": +------+----+----+ : : +------+----+----+ +------+----+----+ :\n" +#~ ": : : :\n" +#~ ": : : :\n" +#~ "'- - - - - - - - - - - - -' '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" +#~ "```" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "" +#~ "See [`Arc`](../concurrency/shared_state/arc.md) and [`Mutex`](https://doc.rust-lang." +#~ "org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html) if you are in a multi-threaded context." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "如果您在多线程情境中，请参阅 [`Arc`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex." +#~ "html)。" + +#~ msgid "Trait objects allow for values of different types, for instance in a collection:" +#~ msgstr "特征（Trait）对象可接受不同类型的值，举例来说，在集合中会是这样：" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "[Borrowing](./borrowing.md) (1 hour)" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "借用：\n" +#~ "请参阅 [借用](ownership/borrowing.md)。" + +#~ msgid "The Rust compiler can do return value optimization (RVO)." +#~ msgstr "Rust 编译器能够执行返回值优化 (RVO)。" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "" +#~ "In C++, copy elision has to be defined in the language specification because " +#~ "constructors can have side effects. In Rust, this is not an issue at all. If RVO did " +#~ "not happen, Rust will always perform a simple and efficient `memcpy` copy." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "在 C++ 中，必须在语言规范中定义复制省略，因为构造函数可能会有附带效应。在 Rust 中，这" +#~ "完全不是问题。如果 RVO 未发生，Rust 将始终执行简单且高效的 `memcpy` 复制。" + +#~ msgid "\"graph: {root:#?}\"" +#~ msgstr "\"graph: {root:#?}\"" + +#~ msgid "\"graph sum: {}\"" +#~ msgstr "\"graph sum: {}\"" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Demonstrate that reference loops can be created by adding `root` to `subtree." +#~ "children`." +#~ msgstr "演示可以通过向“subtree.children”添加“root”来创建引用循环（不要尝试输出它！）。" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "To demonstrate a runtime panic, add a `fn inc(&mut self)` that increments `self." +#~ "value` and calls the same method on its children. This will panic in the presence of " +#~ "the reference loop, with `thread 'main' panicked at 'already borrowed: " +#~ "BorrowMutError'`." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "为了演示运行时 panic，请添加一个会递增“self.value”并以相同方法调用其子项的“fn " +#~ "inc(&mut self)”。如果存在引用循环，就会 panic，并且“thread”“main”会因“already " +#~ "borrowed: BorrowMutError”而 panic。" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "We can now understand the two string types in Rust: `&str` is almost like `&[char]`, " +#~ "but with its data stored in a variable-length encoding (UTF-8)." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "现在，我们能够理解 Rust 中的两种字符串类型：`&str` 几乎与 `&[char]` 一样，只不过其数据" +#~ "存储在可变长度编码 (UTF-8) 中。" + +#~ msgid "Rust terminology:" +#~ msgstr "Rust 术语：" + +#~ msgid "`&str` an immutable reference to a string slice." +#~ msgstr "`&str` 是一个指向字符串片段的不可变引用。" + +#~ msgid "`String` a mutable string buffer." +#~ msgstr "`String` 是一个可变字符串缓冲区。" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "[Testing](./testing.md) (1 hour)" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "借用：\n" +#~ "请参阅 [借用](ownership/borrowing.md)。" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "[Exercise: Iterator Method Chaining](./iterators/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" +#~ msgstr "练习：迭代器方法链接" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "[`FromIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.FromIterator.html) lets you " +#~ "build a collection from an [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait." +#~ "Iterator.html)." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "[`FromIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.FromIterator.html) 让您可通" +#~ "过 [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html) 构建一个集合。" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "[Modules](./modules/modules.md) (3 minutes)" +#~ msgstr "练习：面向 GUI 库的模块" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "[Exercise: Modules for a GUI Library](./modules/exercise.md) (15 minutes)" +#~ msgstr "练习：面向 GUI 库的模块" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "//! implementation." +#~ msgstr "实现" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "See the [Rust Reference](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/visibility-and-privacy." +#~ "html#pubin-path-pubcrate-pubsuper-and-pubself)." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "请参阅 [Rust 参考](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/visibility-and-privacy." +#~ "html#pubin-path-pubcrate-pubsuper-and-pubself)。" + +#~ msgid "/// Natural width of `self`.\n" +#~ msgstr "/// Natural width of `self`.\n" + +#~ msgid "/// Draw the widget into a buffer.\n" +#~ msgstr "/// Draw the widget into a buffer.\n" + +#~ msgid "/// Draw the widget on standard output.\n" +#~ msgstr "/// Draw the widget on standard output.\n" + +#~ msgid "// Add 4 paddings for borders\n" +#~ msgstr "// Add 4 paddings for borders\n" + +#~ msgid "// add a bit of padding\n" +#~ msgstr "// add a bit of padding\n" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "// ANCHOR_END: Window-width" +#~ msgstr "// ANCHOR_END：Window-draw_into\n" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "// draw_into to return Result<(), std::fmt::Error>. Then use" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "// TODO: after learning about error handling, you can change\n" +#~ " // draw_into to return Result<(), std::fmt::Error>. Then use\n" +#~ " // the ?-operator here instead of .unwrap().\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Test the above code on the [Rust Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/?" +#~ "version=stable&mode=debug&edition=2021&gist=3ce2ad13ea1302f6572cb15cd96becf0)." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "在 [Rust Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/?" +#~ "version=stable&mode=debug&edition=2021&gist=3ce2ad13ea1302f6572cb15cd96becf0) 上测试上" +#~ "述代码。" + +#~ msgid "Rust comes with only basic support for writing tests." +#~ msgstr "Rust 仅为编写测试提供基本支持。" + +#~ msgid "Here are some additional crates which we recommend for writing tests:" +#~ msgstr "下面列出了我们建议在编写测试时使用的一些其他 crate：" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "[googletest](https://docs.rs/googletest): Comprehensive test assertion library in the " +#~ "tradition of GoogleTest for C++." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "[googletest](https://docs.rs/googletest)：遵从 GoogleTest for C++ 传统的综合测试断言" +#~ "库。" + +#~ msgid "[proptest](https://docs.rs/proptest): Property-based testing for Rust." +#~ msgstr "[proptest](https://docs.rs/proptest)：基于属性的测试，适用于 Rust。" + +#~ msgid "[rstest](https://docs.rs/rstest): Support for fixtures and parameterised tests." +#~ msgstr "[rstest](https://docs.rs/rstest)：支持固件和参数化测试。" + +#~ msgid "This just scratches the surface, there are many builtin matchers." +#~ msgstr "这只是冰山一角，还有很多内置匹配器。" + +#~ msgid "GoogleTest is available for use in AOSP." +#~ msgstr "GoogleTest 可以在 AOSP 中使用。" + +#~ msgid "'_'" +#~ msgstr "'_'" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "// Undefined behavior if abs misbehaves." +#~ msgstr "Rust 没有运行时未定义行为：" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "/// The pointers must be valid and properly aligned." +#~ msgstr "在大多数情况下，指针还必须正确对齐。" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "// Safe because ..." +#~ msgstr "// Safe because ...\n" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "/// ..." +#~ msgstr "// ...\n" + +#~ msgid "[`opendir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/opendir.3.html)" +#~ msgstr "[`opendir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/opendir.3.html)" + +#~ msgid "[`readdir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/readdir.3.html)" +#~ msgstr "[`readdir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/readdir.3.html)" + +#~ msgid "[`closedir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/closedir.3.html)" +#~ msgstr "[`closedir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/closedir.3.html)" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "[`str`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/primitive.str.html) and [`String`](https://doc." +#~ "rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html)" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "[“str”](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/primitive.str.html)和[“String”](https://doc." +#~ "rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html)" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "[`CStr`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.CStr.html) and [`CString`](https://" +#~ "doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.CString.html)" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "[“CStr”](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.CStr.html)和[“CString”](https://doc." +#~ "rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.CString.html)" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "[`OsStr`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.OsStr.html) and [`OsString`]" +#~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.OsString.html)" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "[“OsStr”](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.OsStr.html)和[“OsString”](https://" +#~ "doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.OsString.html)" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "// Call opendir and return a Ok value if that worked,\n" +#~ " // otherwise return Err with a message.\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "// Call opendir and return a Ok value if that worked,\n" +#~ " // otherwise return Err with a message.\n" + +#~ msgid "// Call closedir as needed.\n" +#~ msgstr "// Call closedir as needed.\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Service example: [DNS over HTTP](https://security.googleblog.com/2022/07/dns-over-" +#~ "http3-in-android.html)" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "服务示例：[DNS-over-HTTP](https://security.googleblog.com/2022/07/dns-over-http3-in-" +#~ "android.html)" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Kernel Drivers: [Binder](https://lore.kernel.org/rust-for-linux/20231101-rust-binder-" +#~ "v1-0-08ba9197f637@google.com/)" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "内核驱动程序：[Binder](https://lore.kernel.org/rust-for-linux/20231101-rust-binder-" +#~ "v1-0-08ba9197f637@google.com/)" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Firmware: [pKVM firmware](https://security.googleblog.com/2023/10/bare-metal-rust-in-" +#~ "android.html)" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "固件：[pKVM 固件](https://security.googleblog.com/2023/10/bare-metal-rust-in-android." +#~ "html)" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "There is a plan to transition [Android](https://source.android.com/docs/setup/build/" +#~ "bazel/introduction), [ChromeOS](https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromiumos/bazel/), " +#~ "and [Fuchsia](https://source.android.com/docs/setup/build/bazel/introduction) to " +#~ "Bazel." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "我们计划逐渐在 [Android](https://source.android.com/docs/setup/build/bazel/" +#~ "introduction)，[ChromeOS](https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromiumos/bazel/) 和 " +#~ "[Fuchsia](https://source.android.com/docs/setup/build/bazel/introduction) 中采用 " +#~ "Bazel 进行开发。" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Add `vendor_available: true` if your AIDL file is used by a binary in the vendor " +#~ "partition." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "如果供应商分区中的二进制文件使用了您的 AIDL 文件，请添加 `vendor_available: true`。" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "/// Connect to the BirthdayService.\n" +#~ msgstr "/// Connect to the BirthdayService.\n" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "// to the Rust exported functions in lib.rs." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "// Generate a C++ header containing the C++ bindings\n" +#~ "// to the Rust exported functions in lib.rs.\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "The options available to the [`rust_static_library` gn template](https://source." +#~ "chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:build/rust/rust_static_library.gni;l=16)" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "适用于 [`rust_static_library` gn 模板] 的选项 (https://source.chromium.org/chromium/" +#~ "chromium/src/+/main:build/rust/rust_static_library.gni;l=16)" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Information about [`#[no_mangle]`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/beta/reference/abi." +#~ "html#the-no_mangle-attribute)" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "关于 [`#[no_mangle]`] 的详细信息 (https://doc.rust-lang.org/beta/reference/abi." +#~ "html#the-no_mangle-attribute)" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Information about [`extern \"C\"`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword.extern.html)" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "关于 [`extern \"C\"`] 的详细信息 (https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword.extern.html)" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Information about gn's [`--export-rust-project`](https://gn.googlesource.com/gn/+/" +#~ "main/docs/reference.md#compilation-database) switch" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "关于 gn 的 [`--export-rust-project`] 开关的详细信息 (https://gn.googlesource.com/gn/+/" +#~ "main/docs/reference.md#compilation-database) " + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "[How to install rust-analyzer in VSCode](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/languages/" +#~ "rust)" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "[如何在 VSCode 中安装 rust-analyzer](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/languages/" +#~ "rust)" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "The [`rust_static_library` gn template](https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/" +#~ "src/+/main:build/rust/rust_static_library.gni;l=16)" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "[`rust_static_library` gn 模板](https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/" +#~ "main:build/rust/rust_static_library.gni;l=16)" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Ensure any `unsafe` code is good enough for the [Rule of Two](https://chromium." +#~ "googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/main/docs/security/rule-of-2.md#unsafe-code-in-safe-" +#~ "languages)" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "确保所有 `unsafe` 代码都符合 [两大规则](https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/" +#~ "src/+/main/docs/security/rule-of-2.md#unsafe-code-in-safe-languages) 的要求" + +#~ msgid "// ...\n" +#~ msgstr "// ...\n" + +#~ msgid "ADC" +#~ msgstr "ADC" + +#~ msgid "I2C, SPI, UART, CAN" +#~ msgstr "I2C、SPI、UART、CAN" + +#~ msgid "RNG" +#~ msgstr "RNG" + +#~ msgid "Timers" +#~ msgstr "定时器" + +#~ msgid "Watchdogs" +#~ msgstr "监控定时器" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "There is work in progress on an `async` version of `embedded-hal`, but it isn't " +#~ "stable yet." +#~ msgstr "我们正在开发 `async` 版本的 `embedded-hal`，但目前还欠缺稳定性。" + +#~ msgid "[RTIC](https://rtic.rs/)" +#~ msgstr "[RTIC](https://rtic.rs/)" + +#~ msgid "[Embassy](https://embassy.dev/)" +#~ msgstr "[Embassy](https://embassy.dev/)" + +#~ msgid "[TockOS](https://www.tockos.org/documentation/getting-started)" +#~ msgstr "[TockOS](https://www.tockos.org/documentation/getting-started)" + +#~ msgid "[Hubris](https://hubris.oxide.computer/)" +#~ msgstr "[Hubris](https://hubris.oxide.computer/)" + +#~ msgid "[Bindings for FreeRTOS](https://github.com/lobaro/FreeRTOS-rust)" +#~ msgstr "[FreeRTOS 的绑定](https://github.com/lobaro/FreeRTOS-rust)" + +#~ msgid "([back to exercise](compass.md))" +#~ msgstr "([返回练习](compass.md))" + +#~ msgid "// Set up the I2C controller and Inertial Measurement Unit.\n" +#~ msgstr "// Set up the I2C controller and Inertial Measurement Unit.\n" + +#~ msgid "// Read compass data and log it to the serial port.\n" +#~ msgstr "// Read compass data and log it to the serial port.\n" + +#~ msgid "[oreboot](https://github.com/oreboot/oreboot)" +#~ msgstr "[oreboot](https://github.com/oreboot/oreboot)" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "[Rust RaspberryPi OS tutorial](https://github.com/rust-embedded/rust-raspberrypi-OS-" +#~ "tutorials)" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "[Rust RaspberryPi 操作系统教程](https://github.com/rust-embedded/rust-raspberrypi-OS-" +#~ "tutorials)" + +#~ msgid "[`cargo-call-stack`](https://crates.io/crates/cargo-call-stack)" +#~ msgstr "[`cargo-call-stack`](https://crates.io/crates/cargo-call-stack)" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "This is used in Android for the [Protected VM Firmware](https://cs.android.com/" +#~ "android/platform/superproject/+/master:packages/modules/Virtualization/pvmfw/)." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "在 Android 中，该方法适用于 [受保护的虚拟机固件](https://cs.android.com/android/" +#~ "platform/superproject/+/master:packages/modules/Virtualization/pvmfw/)。" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "" +#~ "After looking at the exercises, you can look at the [solutions](solutions-afternoon." +#~ "md) provided." +#~ msgstr "读完习题后，可以阅读本书提供的 \\[题解\\]。" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "// TODO: Create instance of RTC driver and print current time." +#~ msgstr "// TODO: Create instance of RTC driver and print current time.\n" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "// TODO: Wait for 3 seconds." +#~ msgstr "// TODO: Wait for 3 seconds.\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "// Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" +#~ "//\n" +#~ "// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" +#~ "// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" +#~ "// You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" +#~ "//\n" +#~ "// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" +#~ "//\n" +#~ "// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" +#~ "// distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" +#~ "// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n" +#~ "// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" +#~ "// limitations under the License.\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "// Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" +#~ "//\n" +#~ "// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" +#~ "// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" +#~ "// You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" +#~ "//\n" +#~ "// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" +#~ "//\n" +#~ "// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" +#~ "// distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" +#~ "// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n" +#~ "// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" +#~ "// limitations under the License.\n" + +#~ msgid "\"sync_exception_current\"" +#~ msgstr "\"sync_exception_current\"" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "\"irq_current\"" +#~ msgstr "\"irq_current\"" + +#~ msgid "\"No pending interrupt\"" +#~ msgstr "\"No pending interrupt\"" + +#~ msgid "\"IRQ {intid:?}\"" +#~ msgstr "\"IRQ {intid:?}\"" + +#~ msgid "\"fiq_current\"" +#~ msgstr "\"fiq_current\"" + +#~ msgid "\"serr_current\"" +#~ msgstr "\"serr_current\"" + +#~ msgid "\"sync_lower\"" +#~ msgstr "\"sync_lower\"" + +#~ msgid "\"irq_lower\"" +#~ msgstr "\"irq_lower\"" + +#~ msgid "\"fiq_lower\"" +#~ msgstr "\"fiq_lower\"" + +#~ msgid "\"serr_lower\"" +#~ msgstr "\"serr_lower\"" + +#~ msgid "// ANCHOR: main\n" +#~ msgstr "// ANCHOR: main\n" + +#~ msgid "// ANCHOR: Flags\n" +#~ msgstr "// ANCHOR: Flags\n" + +#~ msgid "// ANCHOR_END: Flags\n" +#~ msgstr "// ANCHOR_END: Flags\n" + +#~ msgid "/// Flags from the UART Receive Status Register / Error Clear Register.\n" +#~ msgstr "/// Flags from the UART Receive Status Register / Error Clear Register.\n" + +#~ msgid "/// Framing error.\n" +#~ msgstr "/// Framing error.\n" + +#~ msgid "/// Parity error.\n" +#~ msgstr "/// Parity error.\n" + +#~ msgid "/// Break error.\n" +#~ msgstr "/// Break error.\n" + +#~ msgid "/// Overrun error.\n" +#~ msgstr "/// Overrun error.\n" + +#~ msgid "// ANCHOR: Registers\n" +#~ msgstr "// ANCHOR: Registers\n" + +#~ msgid "// ANCHOR_END: Registers\n" +#~ msgstr "// ANCHOR_END: Registers\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "// ANCHOR: Uart\n" +#~ "/// Driver for a PL011 UART.\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "// ANCHOR: Uart\n" +#~ "/// Driver for a PL011 UART.\n" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "/// Constructs a new instance of the UART driver for a PL011 device at the\n" +#~ " /// given base address.\n" +#~ " ///\n" +#~ " /// # Safety\n" +#~ " ///\n" +#~ " /// The given base address must point to the MMIO control registers of a\n" +#~ " /// PL011 device, which must be mapped into the address space of the process\n" +#~ " /// as device memory and not have any other aliases.\n" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "/// Constructs a new instance of the UART driver for a PL011 device at the\n" +#~ " /// given base address.\n" +#~ " ///\n" +#~ " /// # Safety\n" +#~ " ///\n" +#~ " /// The given base address must point to the MMIO control registers of a\n" +#~ " /// PL011 device, which must be mapped into the address space of the process\n" +#~ " /// as device memory and not have any other aliases.\n" + +#~ msgid "// ANCHOR_END: Uart\n" +#~ msgstr "// ANCHOR_END: Uart\n" + +#~ msgid "\"linux\"" +#~ msgstr "\"linux\"" + +#~ msgid "\"CROSS_COMPILE\"" +#~ msgstr "\"CROSS_COMPILE\"" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "\"aarch64-linux-gnu\"" +#~ msgstr "\"aarch64-none-elf\"" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "\"aarch64-none-elf\"" +#~ msgstr "\"aarch64-none-elf\"" + +#~ msgid "\"entry.S\"" +#~ msgstr "\"entry.S\"" + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "\"exceptions.S\"" +#~ msgstr "异常" + +#~ msgid "\"idmap.S\"" +#~ msgstr "\"idmap.S\"" + +#~ msgid "\"empty\"" +#~ msgstr "\"empty\"" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "```armasm\n" +#~ "/*\n" +#~ " * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" +#~ " * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" +#~ " * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" +#~ " * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" +#~ " * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n" +#~ " * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" +#~ " * limitations under the License.\n" +#~ " */\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".macro adr_l, reg:req, sym:req\n" +#~ "\tadrp \\reg, \\sym\n" +#~ "\tadd \\reg, \\reg, :lo12:\\sym\n" +#~ ".endm\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".macro mov_i, reg:req, imm:req\n" +#~ "\tmovz \\reg, :abs_g3:\\imm\n" +#~ "\tmovk \\reg, :abs_g2_nc:\\imm\n" +#~ "\tmovk \\reg, :abs_g1_nc:\\imm\n" +#~ "\tmovk \\reg, :abs_g0_nc:\\imm\n" +#~ ".endm\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".set .L_MAIR_DEV_nGnRE,\t0x04\n" +#~ ".set .L_MAIR_MEM_WBWA,\t0xff\n" +#~ ".set .Lmairval, .L_MAIR_DEV_nGnRE | (.L_MAIR_MEM_WBWA << 8)\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "/* 4 KiB granule size for TTBR0_EL1. */\n" +#~ ".set .L_TCR_TG0_4KB, 0x0 << 14\n" +#~ "/* 4 KiB granule size for TTBR1_EL1. */\n" +#~ ".set .L_TCR_TG1_4KB, 0x2 << 30\n" +#~ "/* Disable translation table walk for TTBR1_EL1, generating a translation fault " +#~ "instead. */\n" +#~ ".set .L_TCR_EPD1, 0x1 << 23\n" +#~ "/* Translation table walks for TTBR0_EL1 are inner sharable. */\n" +#~ ".set .L_TCR_SH_INNER, 0x3 << 12\n" +#~ "/*\n" +#~ " * Translation table walks for TTBR0_EL1 are outer write-back read-allocate write-" +#~ "allocate\n" +#~ " * cacheable.\n" +#~ " */\n" +#~ ".set .L_TCR_RGN_OWB, 0x1 << 10\n" +#~ "/*\n" +#~ " * Translation table walks for TTBR0_EL1 are inner write-back read-allocate write-" +#~ "allocate\n" +#~ " * cacheable.\n" +#~ " */\n" +#~ ".set .L_TCR_RGN_IWB, 0x1 << 8\n" +#~ "/* Size offset for TTBR0_EL1 is 2**39 bytes (512 GiB). */\n" +#~ ".set .L_TCR_T0SZ_512, 64 - 39\n" +#~ ".set .Ltcrval, .L_TCR_TG0_4KB | .L_TCR_TG1_4KB | .L_TCR_EPD1 | .L_TCR_RGN_OWB\n" +#~ ".set .Ltcrval, .Ltcrval | .L_TCR_RGN_IWB | .L_TCR_SH_INNER | .L_TCR_T0SZ_512\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "/* Stage 1 instruction access cacheability is unaffected. */\n" +#~ ".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_I, 0x1 << 12\n" +#~ "/* SP alignment fault if SP is not aligned to a 16 byte boundary. */\n" +#~ ".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_SA, 0x1 << 3\n" +#~ "/* Stage 1 data access cacheability is unaffected. */\n" +#~ ".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_C, 0x1 << 2\n" +#~ "/* EL0 and EL1 stage 1 MMU enabled. */\n" +#~ ".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_M, 0x1 << 0\n" +#~ "/* Privileged Access Never is unchanged on taking an exception to EL1. */\n" +#~ ".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_SPAN, 0x1 << 23\n" +#~ "/* SETEND instruction disabled at EL0 in aarch32 mode. */\n" +#~ ".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_SED, 0x1 << 8\n" +#~ "/* Various IT instructions are disabled at EL0 in aarch32 mode. */\n" +#~ ".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_ITD, 0x1 << 7\n" +#~ ".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_RES1, (0x1 << 11) | (0x1 << 20) | (0x1 << 22) | (0x1 << 28) | (0x1 " +#~ "<< 29)\n" +#~ ".set .Lsctlrval, .L_SCTLR_ELx_M | .L_SCTLR_ELx_C | .L_SCTLR_ELx_SA | .L_SCTLR_EL1_ITD " +#~ "| .L_SCTLR_EL1_SED\n" +#~ ".set .Lsctlrval, .Lsctlrval | .L_SCTLR_ELx_I | .L_SCTLR_EL1_SPAN | .L_SCTLR_EL1_RES1\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "/**\n" +#~ " * This is a generic entry point for an image. It carries out the operations required " +#~ "to prepare the\n" +#~ " * loaded image to be run. Specifically, it zeroes the bss section using registers " +#~ "x25 and above,\n" +#~ " * prepares the stack, enables floating point, and sets up the exception vector. It " +#~ "preserves x0-x3\n" +#~ " * for the Rust entry point, as these may contain boot parameters.\n" +#~ " */\n" +#~ ".section .init.entry, \"ax\"\n" +#~ ".global entry\n" +#~ "entry:\n" +#~ "\t/* Load and apply the memory management configuration, ready to enable MMU and " +#~ "caches. */\n" +#~ "\tadrp x30, idmap\n" +#~ "\tmsr ttbr0_el1, x30\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\tmov_i x30, .Lmairval\n" +#~ "\tmsr mair_el1, x30\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\tmov_i x30, .Ltcrval\n" +#~ "\t/* Copy the supported PA range into TCR_EL1.IPS. */\n" +#~ "\tmrs x29, id_aa64mmfr0_el1\n" +#~ "\tbfi x30, x29, #32, #4\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\tmsr tcr_el1, x30\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\tmov_i x30, .Lsctlrval\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t/*\n" +#~ "\t * Ensure everything before this point has completed, then invalidate any " +#~ "potentially stale\n" +#~ "\t * local TLB entries before they start being used.\n" +#~ "\t */\n" +#~ "\tisb\n" +#~ "\ttlbi vmalle1\n" +#~ "\tic iallu\n" +#~ "\tdsb nsh\n" +#~ "\tisb\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t/*\n" +#~ "\t * Configure sctlr_el1 to enable MMU and cache and don't proceed until this has " +#~ "completed.\n" +#~ "\t */\n" +#~ "\tmsr sctlr_el1, x30\n" +#~ "\tisb\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t/* Disable trapping floating point access in EL1. */\n" +#~ "\tmrs x30, cpacr_el1\n" +#~ "\torr x30, x30, #(0x3 << 20)\n" +#~ "\tmsr cpacr_el1, x30\n" +#~ "\tisb\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t/* Zero out the bss section. */\n" +#~ "\tadr_l x29, bss_begin\n" +#~ "\tadr_l x30, bss_end\n" +#~ "0:\tcmp x29, x30\n" +#~ "\tb.hs 1f\n" +#~ "\tstp xzr, xzr, [x29], #16\n" +#~ "\tb 0b\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "1:\t/* Prepare the stack. */\n" +#~ "\tadr_l x30, boot_stack_end\n" +#~ "\tmov sp, x30\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t/* Set up exception vector. */\n" +#~ "\tadr x30, vector_table_el1\n" +#~ "\tmsr vbar_el1, x30\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t/* Call into Rust code. */\n" +#~ "\tbl main\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t/* Loop forever waiting for interrupts. */\n" +#~ "2:\twfi\n" +#~ "\tb 2b\n" +#~ "```" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "```armasm\n" +#~ "/*\n" +#~ " * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" +#~ " * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" +#~ " * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" +#~ " * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" +#~ " * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n" +#~ " * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" +#~ " * limitations under the License.\n" +#~ " */\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".macro adr_l, reg:req, sym:req\n" +#~ "\tadrp \\reg, \\sym\n" +#~ "\tadd \\reg, \\reg, :lo12:\\sym\n" +#~ ".endm\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".macro mov_i, reg:req, imm:req\n" +#~ "\tmovz \\reg, :abs_g3:\\imm\n" +#~ "\tmovk \\reg, :abs_g2_nc:\\imm\n" +#~ "\tmovk \\reg, :abs_g1_nc:\\imm\n" +#~ "\tmovk \\reg, :abs_g0_nc:\\imm\n" +#~ ".endm\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".set .L_MAIR_DEV_nGnRE,\t0x04\n" +#~ ".set .L_MAIR_MEM_WBWA,\t0xff\n" +#~ ".set .Lmairval, .L_MAIR_DEV_nGnRE | (.L_MAIR_MEM_WBWA << 8)\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "/* 4 KiB granule size for TTBR0_EL1. */\n" +#~ ".set .L_TCR_TG0_4KB, 0x0 << 14\n" +#~ "/* 4 KiB granule size for TTBR1_EL1. */\n" +#~ ".set .L_TCR_TG1_4KB, 0x2 << 30\n" +#~ "/* Disable translation table walk for TTBR1_EL1, generating a translation fault " +#~ "instead. */\n" +#~ ".set .L_TCR_EPD1, 0x1 << 23\n" +#~ "/* Translation table walks for TTBR0_EL1 are inner sharable. */\n" +#~ ".set .L_TCR_SH_INNER, 0x3 << 12\n" +#~ "/*\n" +#~ " * Translation table walks for TTBR0_EL1 are outer write-back read-allocate write-" +#~ "allocate\n" +#~ " * cacheable.\n" +#~ " */\n" +#~ ".set .L_TCR_RGN_OWB, 0x1 << 10\n" +#~ "/*\n" +#~ " * Translation table walks for TTBR0_EL1 are inner write-back read-allocate write-" +#~ "allocate\n" +#~ " * cacheable.\n" +#~ " */\n" +#~ ".set .L_TCR_RGN_IWB, 0x1 << 8\n" +#~ "/* Size offset for TTBR0_EL1 is 2**39 bytes (512 GiB). */\n" +#~ ".set .L_TCR_T0SZ_512, 64 - 39\n" +#~ ".set .Ltcrval, .L_TCR_TG0_4KB | .L_TCR_TG1_4KB | .L_TCR_EPD1 | .L_TCR_RGN_OWB\n" +#~ ".set .Ltcrval, .Ltcrval | .L_TCR_RGN_IWB | .L_TCR_SH_INNER | .L_TCR_T0SZ_512\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "/* Stage 1 instruction access cacheability is unaffected. */\n" +#~ ".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_I, 0x1 << 12\n" +#~ "/* SP alignment fault if SP is not aligned to a 16 byte boundary. */\n" +#~ ".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_SA, 0x1 << 3\n" +#~ "/* Stage 1 data access cacheability is unaffected. */\n" +#~ ".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_C, 0x1 << 2\n" +#~ "/* EL0 and EL1 stage 1 MMU enabled. */\n" +#~ ".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_M, 0x1 << 0\n" +#~ "/* Privileged Access Never is unchanged on taking an exception to EL1. */\n" +#~ ".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_SPAN, 0x1 << 23\n" +#~ "/* SETEND instruction disabled at EL0 in aarch32 mode. */\n" +#~ ".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_SED, 0x1 << 8\n" +#~ "/* Various IT instructions are disabled at EL0 in aarch32 mode. */\n" +#~ ".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_ITD, 0x1 << 7\n" +#~ ".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_RES1, (0x1 << 11) | (0x1 << 20) | (0x1 << 22) | (0x1 << 28) | (0x1 " +#~ "<< 29)\n" +#~ ".set .Lsctlrval, .L_SCTLR_ELx_M | .L_SCTLR_ELx_C | .L_SCTLR_ELx_SA | .L_SCTLR_EL1_ITD " +#~ "| .L_SCTLR_EL1_SED\n" +#~ ".set .Lsctlrval, .Lsctlrval | .L_SCTLR_ELx_I | .L_SCTLR_EL1_SPAN | .L_SCTLR_EL1_RES1\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "/**\n" +#~ " * This is a generic entry point for an image. It carries out the operations required " +#~ "to prepare the\n" +#~ " * loaded image to be run. Specifically, it zeroes the bss section using registers " +#~ "x25 and above,\n" +#~ " * prepares the stack, enables floating point, and sets up the exception vector. It " +#~ "preserves x0-x3\n" +#~ " * for the Rust entry point, as these may contain boot parameters.\n" +#~ " */\n" +#~ ".section .init.entry, \"ax\"\n" +#~ ".global entry\n" +#~ "entry:\n" +#~ "\t/* Load and apply the memory management configuration, ready to enable MMU and " +#~ "caches. */\n" +#~ "\tadrp x30, idmap\n" +#~ "\tmsr ttbr0_el1, x30\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\tmov_i x30, .Lmairval\n" +#~ "\tmsr mair_el1, x30\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\tmov_i x30, .Ltcrval\n" +#~ "\t/* Copy the supported PA range into TCR_EL1.IPS. */\n" +#~ "\tmrs x29, id_aa64mmfr0_el1\n" +#~ "\tbfi x30, x29, #32, #4\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\tmsr tcr_el1, x30\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\tmov_i x30, .Lsctlrval\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t/*\n" +#~ "\t * Ensure everything before this point has completed, then invalidate any " +#~ "potentially stale\n" +#~ "\t * local TLB entries before they start being used.\n" +#~ "\t */\n" +#~ "\tisb\n" +#~ "\ttlbi vmalle1\n" +#~ "\tic iallu\n" +#~ "\tdsb nsh\n" +#~ "\tisb\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t/*\n" +#~ "\t * Configure sctlr_el1 to enable MMU and cache and don't proceed until this has " +#~ "completed.\n" +#~ "\t */\n" +#~ "\tmsr sctlr_el1, x30\n" +#~ "\tisb\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t/* Disable trapping floating point access in EL1. */\n" +#~ "\tmrs x30, cpacr_el1\n" +#~ "\torr x30, x30, #(0x3 << 20)\n" +#~ "\tmsr cpacr_el1, x30\n" +#~ "\tisb\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t/* Zero out the bss section. */\n" +#~ "\tadr_l x29, bss_begin\n" +#~ "\tadr_l x30, bss_end\n" +#~ "0:\tcmp x29, x30\n" +#~ "\tb.hs 1f\n" +#~ "\tstp xzr, xzr, [x29], #16\n" +#~ "\tb 0b\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "1:\t/* Prepare the stack. */\n" +#~ "\tadr_l x30, boot_stack_end\n" +#~ "\tmov sp, x30\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t/* Set up exception vector. */\n" +#~ "\tadr x30, vector_table_el1\n" +#~ "\tmsr vbar_el1, x30\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t/* Call into Rust code. */\n" +#~ "\tbl main\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t/* Loop forever waiting for interrupts. */\n" +#~ "2:\twfi\n" +#~ "\tb 2b\n" +#~ "```" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "```armasm\n" +#~ "/*\n" +#~ " * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" +#~ " * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" +#~ " * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" +#~ " * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" +#~ " * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n" +#~ " * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" +#~ " * limitations under the License.\n" +#~ " */\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "/**\n" +#~ " * Saves the volatile registers onto the stack. This currently takes 14\n" +#~ " * instructions, so it can be used in exception handlers with 18 instructions\n" +#~ " * left.\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * On return, x0 and x1 are initialised to elr_el2 and spsr_el2 respectively,\n" +#~ " * which can be used as the first and second arguments of a subsequent call.\n" +#~ " */\n" +#~ ".macro save_volatile_to_stack\n" +#~ "\t/* Reserve stack space and save registers x0-x18, x29 & x30. */\n" +#~ "\tstp x0, x1, [sp, #-(8 * 24)]!\n" +#~ "\tstp x2, x3, [sp, #8 * 2]\n" +#~ "\tstp x4, x5, [sp, #8 * 4]\n" +#~ "\tstp x6, x7, [sp, #8 * 6]\n" +#~ "\tstp x8, x9, [sp, #8 * 8]\n" +#~ "\tstp x10, x11, [sp, #8 * 10]\n" +#~ "\tstp x12, x13, [sp, #8 * 12]\n" +#~ "\tstp x14, x15, [sp, #8 * 14]\n" +#~ "\tstp x16, x17, [sp, #8 * 16]\n" +#~ "\tstr x18, [sp, #8 * 18]\n" +#~ "\tstp x29, x30, [sp, #8 * 20]\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t/*\n" +#~ "\t * Save elr_el1 & spsr_el1. This such that we can take nested exception\n" +#~ "\t * and still be able to unwind.\n" +#~ "\t */\n" +#~ "\tmrs x0, elr_el1\n" +#~ "\tmrs x1, spsr_el1\n" +#~ "\tstp x0, x1, [sp, #8 * 22]\n" +#~ ".endm\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "/**\n" +#~ " * Restores the volatile registers from the stack. This currently takes 14\n" +#~ " * instructions, so it can be used in exception handlers while still leaving 18\n" +#~ " * instructions left; if paired with save_volatile_to_stack, there are 4\n" +#~ " * instructions to spare.\n" +#~ " */\n" +#~ ".macro restore_volatile_from_stack\n" +#~ "\t/* Restore registers x2-x18, x29 & x30. */\n" +#~ "\tldp x2, x3, [sp, #8 * 2]\n" +#~ "\tldp x4, x5, [sp, #8 * 4]\n" +#~ "\tldp x6, x7, [sp, #8 * 6]\n" +#~ "\tldp x8, x9, [sp, #8 * 8]\n" +#~ "\tldp x10, x11, [sp, #8 * 10]\n" +#~ "\tldp x12, x13, [sp, #8 * 12]\n" +#~ "\tldp x14, x15, [sp, #8 * 14]\n" +#~ "\tldp x16, x17, [sp, #8 * 16]\n" +#~ "\tldr x18, [sp, #8 * 18]\n" +#~ "\tldp x29, x30, [sp, #8 * 20]\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t/* Restore registers elr_el1 & spsr_el1, using x0 & x1 as scratch. */\n" +#~ "\tldp x0, x1, [sp, #8 * 22]\n" +#~ "\tmsr elr_el1, x0\n" +#~ "\tmsr spsr_el1, x1\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t/* Restore x0 & x1, and release stack space. */\n" +#~ "\tldp x0, x1, [sp], #8 * 24\n" +#~ ".endm\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "/**\n" +#~ " * This is a generic handler for exceptions taken at the current EL while using\n" +#~ " * SP0. It behaves similarly to the SPx case by first switching to SPx, doing\n" +#~ " * the work, then switching back to SP0 before returning.\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * Switching to SPx and calling the Rust handler takes 16 instructions. To\n" +#~ " * restore and return we need an additional 16 instructions, so we can implement\n" +#~ " * the whole handler within the allotted 32 instructions.\n" +#~ " */\n" +#~ ".macro current_exception_sp0 handler:req\n" +#~ "\tmsr spsel, #1\n" +#~ "\tsave_volatile_to_stack\n" +#~ "\tbl \\handler\n" +#~ "\trestore_volatile_from_stack\n" +#~ "\tmsr spsel, #0\n" +#~ "\teret\n" +#~ ".endm\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "/**\n" +#~ " * This is a generic handler for exceptions taken at the current EL while using\n" +#~ " * SPx. It saves volatile registers, calls the Rust handler, restores volatile\n" +#~ " * registers, then returns.\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * This also works for exceptions taken from EL0, if we don't care about\n" +#~ " * non-volatile registers.\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * Saving state and jumping to the Rust handler takes 15 instructions, and\n" +#~ " * restoring and returning also takes 15 instructions, so we can fit the whole\n" +#~ " * handler in 30 instructions, under the limit of 32.\n" +#~ " */\n" +#~ ".macro current_exception_spx handler:req\n" +#~ "\tsave_volatile_to_stack\n" +#~ "\tbl \\handler\n" +#~ "\trestore_volatile_from_stack\n" +#~ "\teret\n" +#~ ".endm\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".section .text.vector_table_el1, \"ax\"\n" +#~ ".global vector_table_el1\n" +#~ ".balign 0x800\n" +#~ "vector_table_el1:\n" +#~ "sync_cur_sp0:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_sp0 sync_exception_current\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".balign 0x80\n" +#~ "irq_cur_sp0:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_sp0 irq_current\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".balign 0x80\n" +#~ "fiq_cur_sp0:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_sp0 fiq_current\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".balign 0x80\n" +#~ "serr_cur_sp0:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_sp0 serr_current\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".balign 0x80\n" +#~ "sync_cur_spx:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_spx sync_exception_current\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".balign 0x80\n" +#~ "irq_cur_spx:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_spx irq_current\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".balign 0x80\n" +#~ "fiq_cur_spx:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_spx fiq_current\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".balign 0x80\n" +#~ "serr_cur_spx:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_spx serr_current\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".balign 0x80\n" +#~ "sync_lower_64:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_spx sync_lower\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".balign 0x80\n" +#~ "irq_lower_64:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_spx irq_lower\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".balign 0x80\n" +#~ "fiq_lower_64:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_spx fiq_lower\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".balign 0x80\n" +#~ "serr_lower_64:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_spx serr_lower\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".balign 0x80\n" +#~ "sync_lower_32:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_spx sync_lower\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".balign 0x80\n" +#~ "irq_lower_32:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_spx irq_lower\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".balign 0x80\n" +#~ "fiq_lower_32:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_spx fiq_lower\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".balign 0x80\n" +#~ "serr_lower_32:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_spx serr_lower\n" +#~ "```" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "```armasm\n" +#~ "/*\n" +#~ " * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" +#~ " * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" +#~ " * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" +#~ " * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" +#~ " * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n" +#~ " * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" +#~ " * limitations under the License.\n" +#~ " */\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "/**\n" +#~ " * Saves the volatile registers onto the stack. This currently takes 14\n" +#~ " * instructions, so it can be used in exception handlers with 18 instructions\n" +#~ " * left.\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * On return, x0 and x1 are initialised to elr_el2 and spsr_el2 respectively,\n" +#~ " * which can be used as the first and second arguments of a subsequent call.\n" +#~ " */\n" +#~ ".macro save_volatile_to_stack\n" +#~ "\t/* Reserve stack space and save registers x0-x18, x29 & x30. */\n" +#~ "\tstp x0, x1, [sp, #-(8 * 24)]!\n" +#~ "\tstp x2, x3, [sp, #8 * 2]\n" +#~ "\tstp x4, x5, [sp, #8 * 4]\n" +#~ "\tstp x6, x7, [sp, #8 * 6]\n" +#~ "\tstp x8, x9, [sp, #8 * 8]\n" +#~ "\tstp x10, x11, [sp, #8 * 10]\n" +#~ "\tstp x12, x13, [sp, #8 * 12]\n" +#~ "\tstp x14, x15, [sp, #8 * 14]\n" +#~ "\tstp x16, x17, [sp, #8 * 16]\n" +#~ "\tstr x18, [sp, #8 * 18]\n" +#~ "\tstp x29, x30, [sp, #8 * 20]\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t/*\n" +#~ "\t * Save elr_el1 & spsr_el1. This such that we can take nested exception\n" +#~ "\t * and still be able to unwind.\n" +#~ "\t */\n" +#~ "\tmrs x0, elr_el1\n" +#~ "\tmrs x1, spsr_el1\n" +#~ "\tstp x0, x1, [sp, #8 * 22]\n" +#~ ".endm\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "/**\n" +#~ " * Restores the volatile registers from the stack. This currently takes 14\n" +#~ " * instructions, so it can be used in exception handlers while still leaving 18\n" +#~ " * instructions left; if paired with save_volatile_to_stack, there are 4\n" +#~ " * instructions to spare.\n" +#~ " */\n" +#~ ".macro restore_volatile_from_stack\n" +#~ "\t/* Restore registers x2-x18, x29 & x30. */\n" +#~ "\tldp x2, x3, [sp, #8 * 2]\n" +#~ "\tldp x4, x5, [sp, #8 * 4]\n" +#~ "\tldp x6, x7, [sp, #8 * 6]\n" +#~ "\tldp x8, x9, [sp, #8 * 8]\n" +#~ "\tldp x10, x11, [sp, #8 * 10]\n" +#~ "\tldp x12, x13, [sp, #8 * 12]\n" +#~ "\tldp x14, x15, [sp, #8 * 14]\n" +#~ "\tldp x16, x17, [sp, #8 * 16]\n" +#~ "\tldr x18, [sp, #8 * 18]\n" +#~ "\tldp x29, x30, [sp, #8 * 20]\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t/* Restore registers elr_el1 & spsr_el1, using x0 & x1 as scratch. */\n" +#~ "\tldp x0, x1, [sp, #8 * 22]\n" +#~ "\tmsr elr_el1, x0\n" +#~ "\tmsr spsr_el1, x1\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t/* Restore x0 & x1, and release stack space. */\n" +#~ "\tldp x0, x1, [sp], #8 * 24\n" +#~ ".endm\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "/**\n" +#~ " * This is a generic handler for exceptions taken at the current EL while using\n" +#~ " * SP0. It behaves similarly to the SPx case by first switching to SPx, doing\n" +#~ " * the work, then switching back to SP0 before returning.\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * Switching to SPx and calling the Rust handler takes 16 instructions. To\n" +#~ " * restore and return we need an additional 16 instructions, so we can implement\n" +#~ " * the whole handler within the allotted 32 instructions.\n" +#~ " */\n" +#~ ".macro current_exception_sp0 handler:req\n" +#~ "\tmsr spsel, #1\n" +#~ "\tsave_volatile_to_stack\n" +#~ "\tbl \\handler\n" +#~ "\trestore_volatile_from_stack\n" +#~ "\tmsr spsel, #0\n" +#~ "\teret\n" +#~ ".endm\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "/**\n" +#~ " * This is a generic handler for exceptions taken at the current EL while using\n" +#~ " * SPx. It saves volatile registers, calls the Rust handler, restores volatile\n" +#~ " * registers, then returns.\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * This also works for exceptions taken from EL0, if we don't care about\n" +#~ " * non-volatile registers.\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * Saving state and jumping to the Rust handler takes 15 instructions, and\n" +#~ " * restoring and returning also takes 15 instructions, so we can fit the whole\n" +#~ " * handler in 30 instructions, under the limit of 32.\n" +#~ " */\n" +#~ ".macro current_exception_spx handler:req\n" +#~ "\tsave_volatile_to_stack\n" +#~ "\tbl \\handler\n" +#~ "\trestore_volatile_from_stack\n" +#~ "\teret\n" +#~ ".endm\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".section .text.vector_table_el1, \"ax\"\n" +#~ ".global vector_table_el1\n" +#~ ".balign 0x800\n" +#~ "vector_table_el1:\n" +#~ "sync_cur_sp0:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_sp0 sync_exception_current\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".balign 0x80\n" +#~ "irq_cur_sp0:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_sp0 irq_current\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".balign 0x80\n" +#~ "fiq_cur_sp0:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_sp0 fiq_current\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".balign 0x80\n" +#~ "serr_cur_sp0:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_sp0 serr_current\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".balign 0x80\n" +#~ "sync_cur_spx:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_spx sync_exception_current\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".balign 0x80\n" +#~ "irq_cur_spx:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_spx irq_current\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".balign 0x80\n" +#~ "fiq_cur_spx:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_spx fiq_current\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".balign 0x80\n" +#~ "serr_cur_spx:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_spx serr_current\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".balign 0x80\n" +#~ "sync_lower_64:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_spx sync_lower\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".balign 0x80\n" +#~ "irq_lower_64:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_spx irq_lower\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".balign 0x80\n" +#~ "fiq_lower_64:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_spx fiq_lower\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".balign 0x80\n" +#~ "serr_lower_64:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_spx serr_lower\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".balign 0x80\n" +#~ "sync_lower_32:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_spx sync_lower\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".balign 0x80\n" +#~ "irq_lower_32:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_spx irq_lower\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".balign 0x80\n" +#~ "fiq_lower_32:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_spx fiq_lower\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".balign 0x80\n" +#~ "serr_lower_32:\n" +#~ "\tcurrent_exception_spx serr_lower\n" +#~ "```" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "```armasm\n" +#~ "/*\n" +#~ " * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" +#~ " * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" +#~ " * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" +#~ " * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" +#~ " * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n" +#~ " * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" +#~ " * limitations under the License.\n" +#~ " */\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".set .L_TT_TYPE_BLOCK, 0x1\n" +#~ ".set .L_TT_TYPE_PAGE, 0x3\n" +#~ ".set .L_TT_TYPE_TABLE, 0x3\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "/* Access flag. */\n" +#~ ".set .L_TT_AF, 0x1 << 10\n" +#~ "/* Not global. */\n" +#~ ".set .L_TT_NG, 0x1 << 11\n" +#~ ".set .L_TT_XN, 0x3 << 53\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".set .L_TT_MT_DEV, 0x0 << 2\t\t\t// MAIR #0 (DEV_nGnRE)\n" +#~ ".set .L_TT_MT_MEM, (0x1 << 2) | (0x3 << 8)\t// MAIR #1 (MEM_WBWA), inner shareable\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".set .L_BLOCK_DEV, .L_TT_TYPE_BLOCK | .L_TT_MT_DEV | .L_TT_AF | .L_TT_XN\n" +#~ ".set .L_BLOCK_MEM, .L_TT_TYPE_BLOCK | .L_TT_MT_MEM | .L_TT_AF | .L_TT_NG\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".section \".rodata.idmap\", \"a\", %progbits\n" +#~ ".global idmap\n" +#~ ".align 12\n" +#~ "idmap:\n" +#~ "\t/* level 1 */\n" +#~ "\t.quad\t\t.L_BLOCK_DEV | 0x0\t\t // 1 GiB of device mappings\n" +#~ "\t.quad\t\t.L_BLOCK_MEM | 0x40000000\t// 1 GiB of DRAM\n" +#~ "\t.fill\t\t254, 8, 0x0\t\t\t// 254 GiB of unmapped VA space\n" +#~ "\t.quad\t\t.L_BLOCK_DEV | 0x4000000000 // 1 GiB of device mappings\n" +#~ "\t.fill\t\t255, 8, 0x0\t\t\t// 255 GiB of remaining VA space\n" +#~ "```" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "```armasm\n" +#~ "/*\n" +#~ " * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" +#~ " * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" +#~ " * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" +#~ " * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" +#~ " * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n" +#~ " * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" +#~ " * limitations under the License.\n" +#~ " */\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".set .L_TT_TYPE_BLOCK, 0x1\n" +#~ ".set .L_TT_TYPE_PAGE, 0x3\n" +#~ ".set .L_TT_TYPE_TABLE, 0x3\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "/* Access flag. */\n" +#~ ".set .L_TT_AF, 0x1 << 10\n" +#~ "/* Not global. */\n" +#~ ".set .L_TT_NG, 0x1 << 11\n" +#~ ".set .L_TT_XN, 0x3 << 53\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".set .L_TT_MT_DEV, 0x0 << 2\t\t\t// MAIR #0 (DEV_nGnRE)\n" +#~ ".set .L_TT_MT_MEM, (0x1 << 2) | (0x3 << 8)\t// MAIR #1 (MEM_WBWA), inner shareable\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".set .L_BLOCK_DEV, .L_TT_TYPE_BLOCK | .L_TT_MT_DEV | .L_TT_AF | .L_TT_XN\n" +#~ ".set .L_BLOCK_MEM, .L_TT_TYPE_BLOCK | .L_TT_MT_MEM | .L_TT_AF | .L_TT_NG\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ ".section \".rodata.idmap\", \"a\", %progbits\n" +#~ ".global idmap\n" +#~ ".align 12\n" +#~ "idmap:\n" +#~ "\t/* level 1 */\n" +#~ "\t.quad\t\t.L_BLOCK_DEV | 0x0\t\t // 1 GiB of device mappings\n" +#~ "\t.quad\t\t.L_BLOCK_MEM | 0x40000000\t// 1 GiB of DRAM\n" +#~ "\t.fill\t\t254, 8, 0x0\t\t\t// 254 GiB of unmapped VA space\n" +#~ "\t.quad\t\t.L_BLOCK_DEV | 0x4000000000 // 1 GiB of device mappings\n" +#~ "\t.fill\t\t255, 8, 0x0\t\t\t// 255 GiB of remaining VA space\n" +#~ "```" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "```ld\n" +#~ "/*\n" +#~ " * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" +#~ " * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" +#~ " * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" +#~ " * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" +#~ " * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n" +#~ " * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" +#~ " * limitations under the License.\n" +#~ " */\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "/*\n" +#~ " * Code will start running at this symbol which is placed at the start of the\n" +#~ " * image.\n" +#~ " */\n" +#~ "ENTRY(entry)\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "MEMORY\n" +#~ "{\n" +#~ "\timage : ORIGIN = 0x40080000, LENGTH = 2M\n" +#~ "}\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "SECTIONS\n" +#~ "{\n" +#~ "\t/*\n" +#~ "\t * Collect together the code.\n" +#~ "\t */\n" +#~ "\t.init : ALIGN(4096) {\n" +#~ "\t\ttext_begin = .;\n" +#~ "\t\t*(.init.entry)\n" +#~ "\t\t*(.init.*)\n" +#~ "\t} >image\n" +#~ "\t.text : {\n" +#~ "\t\t*(.text.*)\n" +#~ "\t} >image\n" +#~ "\ttext_end = .;\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t/*\n" +#~ "\t * Collect together read-only data.\n" +#~ "\t */\n" +#~ "\t.rodata : ALIGN(4096) {\n" +#~ "\t\trodata_begin = .;\n" +#~ "\t\t*(.rodata.*)\n" +#~ "\t} >image\n" +#~ "\t.got : {\n" +#~ "\t\t*(.got)\n" +#~ "\t} >image\n" +#~ "\trodata_end = .;\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t/*\n" +#~ "\t * Collect together the read-write data including .bss at the end which\n" +#~ "\t * will be zero'd by the entry code.\n" +#~ "\t */\n" +#~ "\t.data : ALIGN(4096) {\n" +#~ "\t\tdata_begin = .;\n" +#~ "\t\t*(.data.*)\n" +#~ "\t\t/*\n" +#~ "\t\t * The entry point code assumes that .data is a multiple of 32\n" +#~ "\t\t * bytes long.\n" +#~ "\t\t */\n" +#~ "\t\t. = ALIGN(32);\n" +#~ "\t\tdata_end = .;\n" +#~ "\t} >image\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t/* Everything beyond this point will not be included in the binary. */\n" +#~ "\tbin_end = .;\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t/* The entry point code assumes that .bss is 16-byte aligned. */\n" +#~ "\t.bss : ALIGN(16) {\n" +#~ "\t\tbss_begin = .;\n" +#~ "\t\t*(.bss.*)\n" +#~ "\t\t*(COMMON)\n" +#~ "\t\t. = ALIGN(16);\n" +#~ "\t\tbss_end = .;\n" +#~ "\t} >image\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t.stack (NOLOAD) : ALIGN(4096) {\n" +#~ "\t\tboot_stack_begin = .;\n" +#~ "\t\t. += 40 * 4096;\n" +#~ "\t\t. = ALIGN(4096);\n" +#~ "\t\tboot_stack_end = .;\n" +#~ "\t} >image\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t. = ALIGN(4K);\n" +#~ "\tPROVIDE(dma_region = .);\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t/*\n" +#~ "\t * Remove unused sections from the image.\n" +#~ "\t */\n" +#~ "\t/DISCARD/ : {\n" +#~ "\t\t/* The image loads itself so doesn't need these sections. */\n" +#~ "\t\t*(.gnu.hash)\n" +#~ "\t\t*(.hash)\n" +#~ "\t\t*(.interp)\n" +#~ "\t\t*(.eh_frame_hdr)\n" +#~ "\t\t*(.eh_frame)\n" +#~ "\t\t*(.note.gnu.build-id)\n" +#~ "\t}\n" +#~ "}\n" +#~ "```" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "```ld\n" +#~ "/*\n" +#~ " * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" +#~ " * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" +#~ " * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" +#~ " *\n" +#~ " * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" +#~ " * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" +#~ " * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n" +#~ " * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" +#~ " * limitations under the License.\n" +#~ " */\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "/*\n" +#~ " * Code will start running at this symbol which is placed at the start of the\n" +#~ " * image.\n" +#~ " */\n" +#~ "ENTRY(entry)\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "MEMORY\n" +#~ "{\n" +#~ "\timage : ORIGIN = 0x40080000, LENGTH = 2M\n" +#~ "}\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "SECTIONS\n" +#~ "{\n" +#~ "\t/*\n" +#~ "\t * Collect together the code.\n" +#~ "\t */\n" +#~ "\t.init : ALIGN(4096) {\n" +#~ "\t\ttext_begin = .;\n" +#~ "\t\t*(.init.entry)\n" +#~ "\t\t*(.init.*)\n" +#~ "\t} >image\n" +#~ "\t.text : {\n" +#~ "\t\t*(.text.*)\n" +#~ "\t} >image\n" +#~ "\ttext_end = .;\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t/*\n" +#~ "\t * Collect together read-only data.\n" +#~ "\t */\n" +#~ "\t.rodata : ALIGN(4096) {\n" +#~ "\t\trodata_begin = .;\n" +#~ "\t\t*(.rodata.*)\n" +#~ "\t} >image\n" +#~ "\t.got : {\n" +#~ "\t\t*(.got)\n" +#~ "\t} >image\n" +#~ "\trodata_end = .;\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t/*\n" +#~ "\t * Collect together the read-write data including .bss at the end which\n" +#~ "\t * will be zero'd by the entry code.\n" +#~ "\t */\n" +#~ "\t.data : ALIGN(4096) {\n" +#~ "\t\tdata_begin = .;\n" +#~ "\t\t*(.data.*)\n" +#~ "\t\t/*\n" +#~ "\t\t * The entry point code assumes that .data is a multiple of 32\n" +#~ "\t\t * bytes long.\n" +#~ "\t\t */\n" +#~ "\t\t. = ALIGN(32);\n" +#~ "\t\tdata_end = .;\n" +#~ "\t} >image\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t/* Everything beyond this point will not be included in the binary. */\n" +#~ "\tbin_end = .;\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t/* The entry point code assumes that .bss is 16-byte aligned. */\n" +#~ "\t.bss : ALIGN(16) {\n" +#~ "\t\tbss_begin = .;\n" +#~ "\t\t*(.bss.*)\n" +#~ "\t\t*(COMMON)\n" +#~ "\t\t. = ALIGN(16);\n" +#~ "\t\tbss_end = .;\n" +#~ "\t} >image\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t.stack (NOLOAD) : ALIGN(4096) {\n" +#~ "\t\tboot_stack_begin = .;\n" +#~ "\t\t. += 40 * 4096;\n" +#~ "\t\t. = ALIGN(4096);\n" +#~ "\t\tboot_stack_end = .;\n" +#~ "\t} >image\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t. = ALIGN(4K);\n" +#~ "\tPROVIDE(dma_region = .);\n" +#~ "\n" +#~ "\t/*\n" +#~ "\t * Remove unused sections from the image.\n" +#~ "\t */\n" +#~ "\t/DISCARD/ : {\n" +#~ "\t\t/* The image loads itself so doesn't need these sections. */\n" +#~ "\t\t*(.gnu.hash)\n" +#~ "\t\t*(.hash)\n" +#~ "\t\t*(.interp)\n" +#~ "\t\t*(.eh_frame_hdr)\n" +#~ "\t\t*(.eh_frame)\n" +#~ "\t\t*(.note.gnu.build-id)\n" +#~ "\t}\n" +#~ "}\n" +#~ "```" -#: src/glossary.md -msgid "" -"unit type: \n" -"Type that holds no data, written as a tuple with no members." -msgstr "" +#~ msgid "# Copyright 2023 Google LLC" +#~ msgstr "# 版权所有 2023 Google LLC。" -#: src/glossary.md -msgid "" -"unsafe: \n" -"The subset of Rust which allows you to trigger _undefined behavior_. See " -"[Unsafe Rust](unsafe.html)." -msgstr "" -"不安全：\n" -"Rust 的子集，允许您触发 _未定义_ 的行为。请参阅 [不安全 Rust](unsafe.html)。" +#~ msgid "$(shell uname -s)" +#~ msgstr "$(shell uname -s)" -#: src/glossary.md #, fuzzy -msgid "" -"variable: \n" -"A memory location storing data. Variables are valid in a _scope_." -msgstr "" -"变量：\n" -"用于存储数据的内存位置。变量在 _作用域_ 内有效。" - -#: src/other-resources.md -msgid "Other Rust Resources" -msgstr "其他 Rust 资源" - -#: src/other-resources.md -msgid "" -"The Rust community has created a wealth of high-quality and free resources " -"online." -msgstr "Rust 社区已经创造了丰富的高质量免费资源在线提供。" - -#: src/other-resources.md -msgid "Official Documentation" -msgstr "官方文档" - -#: src/other-resources.md -msgid "The Rust project hosts many resources. These cover Rust in general:" -msgstr "Rust 项目提供了许多资源。这些资源涵盖了 Rust 的一般内容：" +#~ msgid "aarch64-linux-gnu" +#~ msgstr "aarch64-paging" -#: src/other-resources.md -msgid "" -"[The Rust Programming Language](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/): the " -"canonical free book about Rust. Covers the language in detail and includes a " -"few projects for people to build." -msgstr "" -"[Rust 程序设计语言](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/)：一部有关 Rust 的免费权" -"威图书。书中详细介绍了该语言，并包含一些可供读者构建的项目。" +#~ msgid "stdio -display none -kernel $< -s" +#~ msgstr "stdio -display none -kernel $< -s" -#: src/other-resources.md -msgid "" -"[Rust By Example](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/): covers the " -"Rust syntax via a series of examples which showcase different constructs. " -"Sometimes includes small exercises where you are asked to expand on the code " -"in the examples." -msgstr "" -"[通过例子学 Rust](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/)：通过一系列展示" -"不同结构的示例介绍 Rust 语法。有时会包括一些小练习，会要求您充分地阐述示例中" -"的代码。" +#~ msgid "cargo clean" +#~ msgstr "cargo 清理" -#: src/other-resources.md -msgid "" -"[Rust Standard Library](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/): full documentation " -"of the standard library for Rust." -msgstr "[Rust 标准库](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/)：Rust 标准库的完整文档。" +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Notice that the thread is stopped before it reaches 10 --- the main thread is not " +#~ "waiting." +#~ msgstr "请注意，线程在达到 10 之前就停止了，而主线程并 没有等待。" -#: src/other-resources.md -msgid "" -"[The Rust Reference](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/): an incomplete " -"book which describes the Rust grammar and memory model." -msgstr "" -"[Rust 参考手册](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/)：一本未完成的书，介绍" -"了 Rust 语法和内存模型。" +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Rust uses the type system to enforce synchronization of shared data. This is " +#~ "primarily done via two types:" +#~ msgstr "Rust 使用类型系统来强制同步共享数据。这主要 通过两种类型实现：" -#: src/other-resources.md -msgid "More specialized guides hosted on the official Rust site:" -msgstr "Rust 官方网站上有更多专业指南：" +#~ msgid "" +#~ "[`Arc`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html), atomic reference " +#~ "counted `T`: handles sharing between threads and takes care to deallocate `T` when " +#~ "the last reference is dropped," +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "[`Arc`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html)，对 `T` 进行原子计数：" +#~ "用于处理线程之间的共享，并负责 在最后一个引用被丢弃时取消分配 `T`。" -#: src/other-resources.md -msgid "" -"[The Rustonomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/): covers unsafe Rust, " -"including working with raw pointers and interfacing with other languages " -"(FFI)." -msgstr "" -"[Rust 秘典](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/)：介绍了不安全 Rust，包括使用" -"原始指针以及与其他语言 (FFI) 交互。" +#~ msgid "" +#~ "[`Mutex`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html): ensures mutually " +#~ "exclusive access to the `T` value." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "[`Mutex`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html)：确保对 `T` 值的互" +#~ "斥访问。" -#: src/other-resources.md -msgid "" -"[Asynchronous Programming in Rust](https://rust-lang.github.io/async-book/): " -"covers the new asynchronous programming model which was introduced after the " -"Rust Book was written." -msgstr "" -"[Rust 中的异步编程](https://rust-lang.github.io/async-book/)：介绍了在《Rust " -"程序设计语言》成书后引入的新异步编程模型。" +#~ msgid "Let us practice our new concurrency skills with" +#~ msgstr "现在通过" -#: src/other-resources.md -msgid "" -"[The Embedded Rust Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/embedded-book/): " -"an introduction to using Rust on embedded devices without an operating " -"system." -msgstr "" -"[嵌入式 Rust 之书](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/embedded-book/)：介绍如何" -"在没有操作系统的嵌入式设备上使用 Rust。" +#~ msgid "Dining philosophers: a classic problem in concurrency." +#~ msgstr "哲学家用餐示例来练习我们新学习到的并发技巧：该示例是典型的并发问题。" -#: src/other-resources.md -msgid "Unofficial Learning Material" -msgstr "非官方学习资料" +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Multi-threaded link checker: a larger project where you'll use Cargo to download " +#~ "dependencies and then check links in parallel." +#~ msgstr "多线程链接检查器：对于大型项目，需要使用 Cargo 下载依赖项，然后并行检查链接。" -#: src/other-resources.md -msgid "A small selection of other guides and tutorial for Rust:" -msgstr "其他 Rust 指南和教程的小选集：" +#~ msgid "" +#~ "For this, you will need an HTTP client such as [`reqwest`](https://docs.rs/reqwest/). " +#~ "Create a new Cargo project and `reqwest` it as a dependency with:" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "为此，需要创建一个 HTTP 客户端，例如 [`reqwest`](https://docs.rs/reqwest/)。创建新的 " +#~ "Cargo 项目，并使用以下命令通过 `reqwest` 将其作为依赖项：" -#: src/other-resources.md -msgid "" -"[Learn Rust the Dangerous Way](http://cliffle.com/p/dangerust/): covers Rust " -"from the perspective of low-level C programmers." -msgstr "" -"[Learn Rust the Dangerous Way（以危险的方式学 Rust）](http://cliffle.com/p/" -"dangerust/)：从低级 C 语言程序员的角度介绍 Rust。" +#~ msgid "" +#~ "You will also need a way to find links. We can use [`scraper`](https://docs.rs/" +#~ "scraper/) for that:" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "您还需要一种查找链接的方法。为此，我们可以使用 [`scraper`](https://docs.rs/scraper/)：" -#: src/other-resources.md -msgid "" -"[Rust for Embedded C Programmers](https://docs.opentitan.org/doc/ug/" -"rust_for_c/): covers Rust from the perspective of developers who write " -"firmware in C." -msgstr "" -"[面向嵌入式 C 程序员的 Rust](https://docs.opentitan.org/doc/ug/rust_for_c/)：" -"从使用 C 语言编写固件的开发者的角度介绍 Rust。" +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Finally, we'll need some way of handling errors. We use [`thiserror`](https://docs.rs/" +#~ "thiserror/) for that:" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "最后，我们需要某种处理错误的方法。为此，可以使用 [`thiserror`](https://docs.rs/" +#~ "thiserror/)：" -#: src/other-resources.md -msgid "" -"[Rust for professionals](https://overexact.com/rust-for-professionals/): " -"covers the syntax of Rust using side-by-side comparisons with other " -"languages such as C, C++, Java, JavaScript, and Python." -msgstr "" -"[Rust for professionals（面向专业人士的 Rust）](https://overexact.com/rust-" -"for-professionals/)：通过与其他语言（例如 C、C++、Java、JavaScript 和 " -"Python）进行并排比较，介绍 Rust 的语法。" +#~ msgid "Concurrency Morning Exercise" +#~ msgstr "并发编程：上午练习" -#: src/other-resources.md -msgid "" -"[Rust on Exercism](https://exercism.org/tracks/rust): 100+ exercises to help " -"you learn Rust." -msgstr "" -"[Rust on Exercism（在 Exercism 上学 Rust）](https://exercism.org/tracks/" -"rust)：100 多项练习助您学习 Rust。" +#~ msgid "([back to exercise](dining-philosophers.md))" +#~ msgstr "([返回练习](dining-philosophers.md))" -#: src/other-resources.md -msgid "" -"[Ferrous Teaching Material](https://ferrous-systems.github.io/teaching-" -"material/index.html): a series of small presentations covering both basic " -"and advanced part of the Rust language. Other topics such as WebAssembly, " -"and async/await are also covered." -msgstr "" -"[Ferrous Teaching Material](https://ferrous-systems.github.io/teaching-" -"material/index.html)：一系列小演示文稿，涵盖 Rust 语言的基础知识和高级部分。" -"还涵盖了 WebAssembly 和 async/await 等其他主题。" +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "([back to exercise](link-checker.md))" +#~ msgstr "([返回练习](luhn.md))" -#: src/other-resources.md -msgid "" -"[Beginner's Series to Rust](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/shows/beginners-" -"series-to-rust/) and [Take your first steps with Rust](https://docs." -"microsoft.com/en-us/learn/paths/rust-first-steps/): two Rust guides aimed at " -"new developers. The first is a set of 35 videos and the second is a set of " -"11 modules which covers Rust syntax and basic constructs." -msgstr "" -"[面向 Rust 的初学者系列](https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/shows/beginners-" -"series-to-rust/)和[使用 Rust 迈出第一步](https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/" -"learn/paths/rust-first-steps/)：两个面向新手开发者的 Rust 指南。第一个指南包" -"含 35 个视频，第二个指南包含 11 个模块，内容涵盖 Rust 语法和基本结构。" +#~ msgid "Async Rust" +#~ msgstr "异步 Rust" -#: src/other-resources.md -msgid "" -"[Learn Rust With Entirely Too Many Linked Lists](https://rust-unofficial." -"github.io/too-many-lists/): in-depth exploration of Rust's memory management " -"rules, through implementing a few different types of list structures." -msgstr "" -"[通过大量的链表学习Rust](https://rust-unofficial.github.io/too-many-lists/)：" -"通过实现几种不同类型的列表结构，深入探索 Rust 的内存管理规则。" +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Try connecting to it with a TCP connection tool like [nc](https://www.unix.com/man-" +#~ "page/linux/1/nc/) or [telnet](https://www.unix.com/man-page/linux/1/telnet/)." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "请尝试使用像 [nc](https://www.unix.com/man-page/linux/1/nc/) 或 [telnet](https://www." +#~ "unix.com/man-page/linux/1/telnet/) 这样的 TCP 连接工具进行连接。" -#: src/other-resources.md -msgid "" -"Please see the [Little Book of Rust Books](https://lborb.github.io/book/) " -"for even more Rust books." -msgstr "" -"如需更多 Rust 图书，请查看 [Rust 小册](https://lborb.github.io/book/)。" +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "Futures Control Flow" +#~ msgstr "Future 控制流" -#: src/credits.md -msgid "" -"The material here builds on top of the many great sources of Rust " -"documentation. See the page on [other resources](other-resources.md) for a " -"full list of useful resources." -msgstr "" -"本课中的资料以众多优秀的 Rust 文档资源为基础。 如需查看实用资源的完整列表， " -"请参阅关于[其他资源](other-resources.md)的页面。" +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Futures can be combined together to produce concurrent compute flow graphs. We have " +#~ "already seen tasks, that function as independent threads of execution." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "可以将很多 Future 组合在一起生成并发计算流图。我们已经介绍过用作独立线程的任务类型。" -#: src/credits.md -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"The material of Comprehensive Rust is licensed under the terms of the Apache " -"2.0 license, please see [`LICENSE`](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-" -"rust/blob/main/LICENSE) for details." -msgstr "" -"我们根据 Apache 2.0 许可条款 授权你使用“全面了解 Rust”（Comprehensive Rust）" -"的资料。如需了解详情，请参阅[`许可`](../LICENSE)。" +#~ msgid "[Join](control-flow/join.md)" +#~ msgstr "[联接](control-flow/join.md)" -#: src/credits.md -msgid "Rust by Example" -msgstr "Rust 示例" +#~ msgid "[Select](control-flow/select.md)" +#~ msgstr "[选择](control-flow/select.md)" -#: src/credits.md -msgid "" -"Some examples and exercises have been copied and adapted from [Rust by " -"Example](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/). Please see the " -"`third_party/rust-by-example/` directory for details, including the license " -"terms." -msgstr "" -"部分示例和练习复制并 改编自[Rust by Example](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-" -"by-example/)。如需了解详情（包括许可 条款），请参阅 `third_party/rust-by-" -"example/` 目录。" +#~ msgid "Pitfalls of async/await" +#~ msgstr "关于 async/await 的误区" -#: src/credits.md -msgid "Rust on Exercism" -msgstr "Rust on Exercism" +#~ msgid "[Blocking the Executor](pitfalls/blocking-executor.md)" +#~ msgstr "[阻塞执行器](pitfalls/blocking-executor.md)" -#: src/credits.md -msgid "" -"Some exercises have been copied and adapted from [Rust on Exercism](https://" -"exercism.org/tracks/rust). Please see the `third_party/rust-on-exercism/` " -"directory for details, including the license terms." -msgstr "" -"部分练习复制并 改编自 [Rust on Exercism](https://exercism.org/tracks/rust)。" -"如需了解详情（包括许可 条款），请参阅 `third_party/rust-on-exercism/` 目录。" +#~ msgid "[Pin](pitfalls/pin.md)" +#~ msgstr "[固定](pitfalls/pin.md)" -#: src/credits.md -msgid "CXX" -msgstr "CXX" +#~ msgid "[Async Traits](pitfalls/async-traits.md)" +#~ msgstr "[异步 trait](pitfalls/async-traits.md)" -#: src/credits.md -msgid "" -"The [Interoperability with C++](android/interoperability/cpp.md) section " -"uses an image from [CXX](https://cxx.rs/). Please see the `third_party/cxx/` " -"directory for details, including the license terms." -msgstr "" -"“[与 C++ 的互操作性](android/interoperability/cpp.md)”部分引用了一张 来自 " -"[CXX](https://cxx.rs/) 的图片。如需了解详情（包括许可条款）， 请参阅 " -"`third_party/cxx/` 目录。" +#~ msgid "[Cancellation](pitfalls/cancellation.md)" +#~ msgstr "[取消](pitfalls/cancellation.md)" #~ msgid "" -#~ "// x = 20;\n" -#~ " // println!(\"x: {x}\");\n" +#~ "Async methods in traits are not yet supported in the stable channel ([An experimental " +#~ "feature exists in nightly and should be stabilized in the mid term.](https://blog." +#~ "rust-lang.org/inside-rust/2022/11/17/async-fn-in-trait-nightly.html))" #~ msgstr "" -#~ "// x = 20;\n" -#~ " // println!(\"x: {x}\");\n" +#~ "稳定版尚不支持在 trait 中使用异步方法（[夜间版提供此项功能，但正处于试验阶段，预计在中" +#~ "期正式发布。](https://blog.rust-lang.org/inside-rust/2022/11/17/async-fn-in-trait-" +#~ "nightly.html)）" #~ msgid "" -#~ "// Calculate the magnitude of a vector by summing the squares of its " -#~ "coordinates\n" -#~ "// and taking the square root. Use the `sqrt()` method to calculate the " -#~ "square\n" -#~ "// root, like `v.sqrt()`.\n" +#~ "The crate [async_trait](https://docs.rs/async-trait/latest/async_trait/) provides a " +#~ "workaround through a macro:" #~ msgstr "" -#~ "// Calculate the magnitude of a vector by summing the squares of its " -#~ "coordinates\n" -#~ "// and taking the square root. Use the `sqrt()` method to calculate the " -#~ "square\n" -#~ "// root, like `v.sqrt()`.\n" +#~ "crate [async_trait](https://docs.rs/async-trait/latest/async_trait/) 通过宏提供了一种" +#~ "解决方法：" + +#~ msgid "To practice your Async Rust skills, we have again two exercises for you:" +#~ msgstr "为了练习您的异步 Rust 技能，我们再次为您提供了两个练习：" #~ msgid "" -#~ "// ANCHOR_END: Window-width\n" -#~ " // Add 4 paddings for borders\n" -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "// ANCHOR_END: Window-width\n" -#~ " // Add 4 paddings for borders\n" +#~ "Dining philosophers: we already saw this problem in the morning. This time you are " +#~ "going to implement it with Async Rust." +#~ msgstr "哲学家进餐：我们已经在上午看到了这个问题。这次你将使用异步 Rust 来实现它。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "// TODO: after learning about error handling, you can change\n" -#~ " // draw_into to return Result<(), std::fmt::Error>. Then use\n" -#~ " // the ?-operator here instead of .unwrap().\n" -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "// TODO: after learning about error handling, you can change\n" -#~ " // draw_into to return Result<(), std::fmt::Error>. Then use\n" -#~ " // the ?-operator here instead of .unwrap().\n" +#~ "A Broadcast Chat Application: this is a larger project that allows you experiment " +#~ "with more advanced Async Rust features." +#~ msgstr "广播聊天应用：这是一个更大的项目，允许您尝试更高级的异步Rust功能。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "/// Shortens a string to the given length.\n" -#~ "///\n" -#~ "/// ```\n" -#~ "/// # use playground::shorten_string;\n" -#~ "/// assert_eq!(shorten_string(\"Hello World\", 5), \"Hello\");\n" -#~ "/// assert_eq!(shorten_string(\"Hello World\", 20), \"Hello World\");\n" -#~ "/// ```\n" +#~ "[Sender::subscribe()](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/sync/broadcast/struct.Sender." +#~ "html#method.subscribe): for subscribing to a broadcast channel." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "/// Shortens a string to the given length.\n" -#~ "///\n" -#~ "/// ```\n" -#~ "/// # use playground::shorten_string;\n" -#~ "/// assert_eq!(shorten_string(\"Hello World\", 5), \"Hello\");\n" -#~ "/// assert_eq!(shorten_string(\"Hello World\", 20), \"Hello World\");\n" -#~ "/// ```\n" +#~ "[Sender::subscribe()](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/sync/broadcast/struct.Sender." +#~ "html#method.subscribe)：用于订阅广播频道。" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "// Safe because r1 and r2 were obtained from references and so are\n" -#~ " // guaranteed to be non-null and properly aligned, the objects " -#~ "underlying\n" -#~ " // the references from which they were obtained are live throughout " -#~ "the\n" -#~ " // whole unsafe block, and they are not accessed either through the\n" -#~ " // references or concurrently through any other pointers.\n" -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "// Safe because r1 and r2 were obtained from references and so are\n" -#~ " // guaranteed to be non-null and properly aligned, the objects " -#~ "underlying\n" -#~ " // the references from which they were obtained are live throughout " -#~ "the\n" -#~ " // whole unsafe block, and they are not accessed either through the\n" -#~ " // references or concurrently through any other pointers.\n" - -#~ msgid "" -#~ "// NOT SAFE. DO NOT DO THIS.\n" -#~ " /*\n" -#~ " let r3: &String = unsafe { &*r1 };\n" -#~ " drop(s);\n" -#~ " println!(\"r3 is: {}\", *r3);\n" -#~ " */" -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "// NOT SAFE. DO NOT DO THIS.\n" -#~ " /*\n" -#~ " let r3: &String = unsafe { &*r1 };\n" -#~ " drop(s);\n" -#~ " println!(\"r3 is: {}\", *r3);\n" -#~ " */" +#~ msgid "Concurrency Afternoon Exercise" +#~ msgstr "并发编程：下午练习" -#, fuzzy -#~ msgid "" -#~ "// Not upholding the UTF-8 encoding requirement breaks memory safety!\n" -#~ " // println!(\"emoji: {}\", unsafe { emojis.get_unchecked(0..3) });\n" -#~ " // println!(\"char count: {}\", count_chars(unsafe {\n" -#~ " // emojis.get_unchecked(0..3) }));\n" -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "// Not upholding the UTF-8 encoding requirement breaks memory safety!\n" -#~ " // println!(\"emoji: {}\", unsafe { emojis.get_unchecked(0..3) });\n" -#~ " // println!(\"char count: {}\", count_chars(unsafe { emojis." -#~ "get_unchecked(0..3) }));\n" +#~ msgid "([back to exercise](dining-philosophers-async.md))" +#~ msgstr "([返回练习](dining-philosophers-async.md))" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "/// Swaps the values pointed to by the given pointers.\n" -#~ "///\n" -#~ "/// # Safety\n" -#~ "///\n" -#~ "/// The pointers must be valid and properly aligned.\n" -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "/// Swaps the values pointed to by the given pointers.\n" -#~ "///\n" -#~ "/// # Safety\n" -#~ "///\n" -#~ "/// The pointers must be valid and properly aligned.\n" +#~ msgid "// Pick up forks...\n" +#~ msgstr "// Pick up forks...\n" + +#~ msgid "// Create forks\n" +#~ msgstr "// Create forks\n" + +#~ msgid "// Create philosophers\n" +#~ msgstr "// Create philosophers\n" + +#~ msgid "// Make them think and eat\n" +#~ msgstr "// Make them think and eat\n" + +#~ msgid "// Output their thoughts\n" +#~ msgstr "// Output their thoughts\n" + +#~ msgid "([back to exercise](chat-app.md))" +#~ msgstr "([返回练习](chat-app.md))" #~ msgid "" #~ "// Set up the I2C controller and Inertial Measurement Unit.\n" @@ -23622,15 +22443,6 @@ msgstr "" #~ "// Read compass data and log it to the serial port.\n" #~ " // TODO\n" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "// left_fork: ...\n" -#~ " // right_fork: ...\n" -#~ " // thoughts: ...\n" -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "// left_fork: ...\n" -#~ " // right_fork: ...\n" -#~ " // thoughts: ...\n" - #~ msgid "" #~ "// Add a delay before picking the second fork to allow the execution\n" #~ " // to transfer to another task\n" @@ -23640,13 +22452,11 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgid "" #~ "// To avoid a deadlock, we have to break the symmetry\n" -#~ " // somewhere. This will swap the forks without " -#~ "deinitializing\n" +#~ " // somewhere. This will swap the forks without deinitializing\n" #~ " // either of them.\n" #~ msgstr "" #~ "// To avoid a deadlock, we have to break the symmetry\n" -#~ " // somewhere. This will swap the forks without " -#~ "deinitializing\n" +#~ " // somewhere. This will swap the forks without deinitializing\n" #~ " // either of them.\n" #, fuzzy @@ -23668,12 +22478,11 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgstr "{{%s小节大纲}}" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Let us design a classical GUI library using our new knowledge of traits " -#~ "and trait objects. We'll only implement the drawing of it (as text) for " -#~ "simplicity." +#~ "Let us design a classical GUI library using our new knowledge of traits and trait " +#~ "objects. We'll only implement the drawing of it (as text) for simplicity." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "让我们利用关于 trait 和 trait 对象的新知识，设计一个经典的 GUI 库。为简单" -#~ "起见，我们仅以文本形式实现绘制。" +#~ "让我们利用关于 trait 和 trait 对象的新知识，设计一个经典的 GUI 库。为简单起见，我们仅" +#~ "以文本形式实现绘制。" #~ msgid "We will have a number of widgets in our library:" #~ msgstr "我们的库中有许多 widget：" @@ -23682,12 +22491,12 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgstr "“Window”：具有“title”且包含其他 widget。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "`Button`: has a `label`. In reality, it would also take a callback " -#~ "function to allow the program to do something when the button is clicked " -#~ "but we won't include that since we're only drawing the GUI." +#~ "`Button`: has a `label`. In reality, it would also take a callback function to allow " +#~ "the program to do something when the button is clicked but we won't include that " +#~ "since we're only drawing the GUI." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "`Button`：上面有一个 `Label`。实际上，它还需要一个回调函数，以便程序在用户" -#~ "点击按钮时执行某些操作，但由于我们仅绘制 GUI，所以不会添加该函数。" +#~ "`Button`：上面有一个 `Label`。实际上，它还需要一个回调函数，以便程序在用户点击按钮时执" +#~ "行某些操作，但由于我们仅绘制 GUI，所以不会添加该函数。" #~ msgid "`Label`: has a `label`." #~ msgstr "“Label”：具有“label”。" @@ -23696,11 +22505,11 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgstr "这些 widget 将实现“Widget”trait，如下所示。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Copy the code below to , fill in the missing " -#~ "`draw_into` methods so that you implement the `Widget` trait:" +#~ "Copy the code below to , fill in the missing `draw_into` " +#~ "methods so that you implement the `Widget` trait:" #~ msgstr "" -#~ "将以下代码复制到 ，然后填入缺少" -#~ "的“draw_into”方法，以便实现“Widget”trait：" +#~ "将以下代码复制到 ，然后填入缺少的“draw_into”方法，以便实" +#~ "现“Widget”trait：" #~ msgid "// TODO: Implement `Widget` for `Button`.\n" #~ msgstr "// TODO: Implement `Widget` for `Button`.\n" @@ -23712,14 +22521,14 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgstr "上述程序的输出可能非常简单，例如：" #~ msgid "" -#~ "If you want to draw aligned text, you can use the [fill/alignment]" -#~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/index.html#fillalignment) formatting " -#~ "operators. In particular, notice how you can pad with different " -#~ "characters (here a `'/'`) and how you can control alignment:" +#~ "If you want to draw aligned text, you can use the [fill/alignment](https://doc.rust-" +#~ "lang.org/std/fmt/index.html#fillalignment) formatting operators. In particular, " +#~ "notice how you can pad with different characters (here a `'/'`) and how you can " +#~ "control alignment:" #~ msgstr "" -#~ "如果要绘制对齐的文本，可以使用[填充/对齐](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" -#~ "fmt/index.html#fillalignment)格式设置运算符。需要特别注意的是您填充不同字" -#~ "符（此处是“/”）的方式以及控制对齐的方式：" +#~ "如果要绘制对齐的文本，可以使用[填充/对齐](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/index." +#~ "html#fillalignment)格式设置运算符。需要特别注意的是您填充不同字符（此处是“/”）的方式以" +#~ "及控制对齐的方式：" #~ msgid "\"left aligned: |{:/width$}|\"" #~ msgstr "\"right aligned: |{:/>width$}|\"" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "Using such alignment tricks, you can for example produce output like this:" +#~ msgid "Using such alignment tricks, you can for example produce output like this:" #~ msgstr "使用这些对齐技巧，您可以生成如下的输出内容：" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" -#~ "Rust provides a few safe means of modifying a value given only a shared " -#~ "reference to that value. All of these replace compile-time checks with " -#~ "runtime checks." +#~ "Rust provides a few safe means of modifying a value given only a shared reference to " +#~ "that value. All of these replace compile-time checks with runtime checks." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "Rust 提供了一些安全的方法，只需对指定值拥有共享引用，即可修改该值。所有这" -#~ "些方法都用运行时检查取代了编译时检查。" +#~ "Rust 提供了一些安全的方法，只需对指定值拥有共享引用，即可修改该值。所有这些方法都用运" +#~ "行时检查取代了编译时检查。" #~ msgid "`Cell` and `RefCell`" #~ msgstr "“Cell”和“RefCell”" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" -#~ "[`Cell`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/cell/struct.Cell.html) and " -#~ "[`RefCell`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/cell/struct.RefCell.html) " -#~ "implement what Rust calls _interior mutability:_ mutation of values in an " -#~ "immutable context." +#~ "[`Cell`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/cell/struct.Cell.html) and [`RefCell`](https://" +#~ "doc.rust-lang.org/std/cell/struct.RefCell.html) implement what Rust calls _interior " +#~ "mutability:_ mutation of values in an immutable context." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "您可以使用 [`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) 和 " -#~ "[`BufRead`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.BufRead.html) 对 `u8` " -#~ "来源进行抽象化处理：" +#~ "您可以使用 [`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) 和 [`BufRead`]" +#~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.BufRead.html) 对 `u8` 来源进行抽象化处理：" #~ msgid "" -#~ "`Cell` is typically used for simple types, as it requires copying or " -#~ "moving values. More complex interior types typically use `RefCell`, which " -#~ "tracks shared and exclusive references at runtime and panics if they are " -#~ "misused." +#~ "`Cell` is typically used for simple types, as it requires copying or moving values. " +#~ "More complex interior types typically use `RefCell`, which tracks shared and " +#~ "exclusive references at runtime and panics if they are misused." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "“Cell”通常用于简单类型，因为它需要复制或移动值。更复杂的内部类型通常使" -#~ "用“RefCell”，它会在运行时跟踪已共享和专有的引用，并在这些引用被滥用时 " -#~ "panic。" +#~ "“Cell”通常用于简单类型，因为它需要复制或移动值。更复杂的内部类型通常使用“RefCell”，它" +#~ "会在运行时跟踪已共享和专有的引用，并在这些引用被滥用时 panic。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "If we were using `Cell` instead of `RefCell` in this example, we would " -#~ "have to move the `Node` out of the `Rc` to push children, then move it " -#~ "back in. This is safe because there's always one, un-referenced value in " -#~ "the cell, but it's not ergonomic." +#~ "If we were using `Cell` instead of `RefCell` in this example, we would have to move " +#~ "the `Node` out of the `Rc` to push children, then move it back in. This is safe " +#~ "because there's always one, un-referenced value in the cell, but it's not ergonomic." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "在此示例中，如果我们使用的是“Cell”而非“RefCell”，则必须将“Node”从“Rc”中移" -#~ "出以推送子项，然后再将其移回原位。这是安全的做法，因为单元格中总是有一个未" -#~ "引用的值，但这不符合人体工程学。" +#~ "在此示例中，如果我们使用的是“Cell”而非“RefCell”，则必须将“Node”从“Rc”中移出以推送子" +#~ "项，然后再将其移回原位。这是安全的做法，因为单元格中总是有一个未引用的值，但这不符合人" +#~ "体工程学。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "To do anything with a Node, you must call a `RefCell` method, usually " -#~ "`borrow` or `borrow_mut`." +#~ "To do anything with a Node, you must call a `RefCell` method, usually `borrow` or " +#~ "`borrow_mut`." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "如需使用 Node 执行任何操作，您必须调用“RefCell”方法，通常" -#~ "为“borrow”或“borrow_mut”。" +#~ "如需使用 Node 执行任何操作，您必须调用“RefCell”方法，通常为“borrow”或“borrow_mut”。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "If you no longer have your version, that's fine - refer back to the " -#~ "[provided solution](../methods-and-traits/solution.html)." +#~ "If you no longer have your version, that's fine - refer back to the [provided " +#~ "solution](../methods-and-traits/solution.html)." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "如果您的版本已不存在，也没关系，请参阅 [提供的解决方案](../methods-and-" -#~ "traits/solution.html)。" +#~ "如果您的版本已不存在，也没关系，请参阅 [提供的解决方案](../methods-and-traits/" +#~ "solution.html)。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "When you await a future, all local variables (that would ordinarily be " -#~ "stored on a stack frame) are instead stored in the Future for the current " -#~ "async block. If your future has pointers to data on the stack, those " -#~ "pointers might get invalidated. This is unsafe." +#~ "When you await a future, all local variables (that would ordinarily be stored on a " +#~ "stack frame) are instead stored in the Future for the current async block. If your " +#~ "future has pointers to data on the stack, those pointers might get invalidated. This " +#~ "is unsafe." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "在等待 Future 就绪时，所有局部变量（通常存储在堆栈帧上）将改为存储在当前异" -#~ "步代码块的 Future 中。如果您的 Future 中有指向堆栈上数据的指针，这些指针可" -#~ "能会失效。这很不安全。" +#~ "在等待 Future 就绪时，所有局部变量（通常存储在堆栈帧上）将改为存储在当前异步代码块的 " +#~ "Future 中。如果您的 Future 中有指向堆栈上数据的指针，这些指针可能会失效。这很不安全。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Therefore, you must guarantee that the addresses your future points to " -#~ "don't change. That is why we need to \"pin\" futures. Using the same " -#~ "future repeatedly in a `select!` often leads to issues with pinned values." +#~ "Therefore, you must guarantee that the addresses your future points to don't change. " +#~ "That is why we need to \"pin\" futures. Using the same future repeatedly in a `select!" +#~ "` often leads to issues with pinned values." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "因此，必须保证 Future 指向的地址不会发生更改。这就是为何需要对 Future 执" -#~ "行 “固定”操作。在 `select!` 中反复使用相同的 Future 通常会导致已固定的值出" -#~ "现问题。" +#~ "因此，必须保证 Future 指向的地址不会发生更改。这就是为何需要对 Future 执行 “固定”操" +#~ "作。在 `select!` 中反复使用相同的 Future 通常会导致已固定的值出现问题。" #~ msgid "Small Example" #~ msgstr "简短示例" @@ -23840,9 +22639,6 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgid "Arrays and for Loops" #~ msgstr "数组与 for 循环" -#~ msgid "if expressions" -#~ msgstr "if 表达式" - #~ msgid "for expressions" #~ msgstr "for 表达式" @@ -23870,9 +22666,6 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgid "match expressions" #~ msgstr "match 表达式" -#~ msgid "Destructuring Structs" -#~ msgstr "解构结构体" - #~ msgid "Destructuring Arrays" #~ msgstr "解构数组" @@ -23915,30 +22708,18 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgid "Field Shorthand Syntax" #~ msgstr "字段简写语法" -#~ msgid "Method Receiver" -#~ msgstr "方法接收者" - #~ msgid "Storing Books" #~ msgstr "书籍存储" #~ msgid "Option and Result" #~ msgstr "Option 和 Result" -#~ msgid "Vec" -#~ msgstr "Vec" - -#~ msgid "HashMap" -#~ msgstr "哈希表" - #~ msgid "Box" #~ msgstr "Box" #~ msgid "Recursive Data Types" #~ msgstr "递归数据类型" -#~ msgid "Rc" -#~ msgstr "Rc" - #~ msgid "Cell/RefCell" #~ msgstr "Cell/RefCell" @@ -23957,15 +22738,9 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgid "Default Methods" #~ msgstr "默认方法" -#~ msgid "impl Trait" -#~ msgstr "impl Trait" - #~ msgid "Important Traits" #~ msgstr "重要特征" -#~ msgid "From and Into" -#~ msgstr "From 和 Into" - #~ msgid "Default" #~ msgstr "Default" @@ -24018,24 +22793,6 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgid "spin" #~ msgstr "转动" -#~ msgid "Send and Sync" -#~ msgstr "Send 和 Sync" - -#~ msgid "Send" -#~ msgstr "Send" - -#~ msgid "Sync" -#~ msgstr "Sync" - -#~ msgid "Arc" -#~ msgstr "Arc" - -#~ msgid "Mutex" -#~ msgstr "Mutex" - -#~ msgid "Pin" -#~ msgstr "固定" - #~ msgid "Day 1 Morning" #~ msgstr "第一天上午" @@ -24063,13 +22820,11 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgid "Concurrency Afternoon" #~ msgstr "并发编程：进阶篇" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "Day 1: Basic Rust, syntax, control flow, creating and consuming values." +#~ msgid "Day 1: Basic Rust, syntax, control flow, creating and consuming values." #~ msgstr "第 1 天：Rust 基础知识、语法、控制流、创建及使用值。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Day 2: Memory management, ownership, compound data types, and the " -#~ "standard library." +#~ "Day 2: Memory management, ownership, compound data types, and the standard library." #~ msgstr "第 2 天：内存管理、所有权、复合数据类类型及标准库。" #~ msgid "Day 3: Generics, traits, error handling, testing, and unsafe Rust." @@ -24102,27 +22857,24 @@ msgstr "" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Control flow constructs: `if`, `if let`, `while`, `while let`, `break`, " -#~ "and `continue`." -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "控制流的构造：`if`、`if let`、`while`、`while let`、`break` 和 " -#~ "`continue`。" +#~ "Control flow constructs: `if`, `if let`, `while`, `while let`, `break`, and " +#~ "`continue`." +#~ msgstr "控制流的构造：`if`、`if let`、`while`、`while let`、`break` 和 `continue`。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "The idea for the first day is to show _just enough_ of Rust to be able to " -#~ "speak about the famous borrow checker. The way Rust handles memory is a " -#~ "major feature and we should show students this right away." +#~ "The idea for the first day is to show _just enough_ of Rust to be able to speak about " +#~ "the famous borrow checker. The way Rust handles memory is a major feature and we " +#~ "should show students this right away." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "第一天的主要目标是要谈到著名的 borrow checker，其他方面点到为止。Rust 处理" -#~ "内存的方式是其主要特点，这点我们应该尽早展示给学生。" +#~ "第一天的主要目标是要谈到著名的 borrow checker，其他方面点到为止。Rust 处理内存的方式是" +#~ "其主要特点，这点我们应该尽早展示给学生。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "If you're teaching this in a classroom, this is a good place to go over " -#~ "the schedule. We suggest splitting the day into two parts (following the " -#~ "slides):" +#~ "If you're teaching this in a classroom, this is a good place to go over the schedule. " +#~ "We suggest splitting the day into two parts (following the slides):" #~ msgstr "" -#~ "如果你是在教室里教授此课程，不妨在这里介绍一下时间安排。 这边建议是把每天" -#~ "分成两部分（跟着幻灯片来）：" +#~ "如果你是在教室里教授此课程，不妨在这里介绍一下时间安排。 这边建议是把每天分成两部分" +#~ "（跟着幻灯片来）：" #~ msgid "Morning: 9:00 to 12:00," #~ msgstr "早上：9:00 到 12:00，" @@ -24131,11 +22883,10 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgstr "下午：13:00 到 16:00。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "You can of course adjust this as necessary. Please make sure to include " -#~ "breaks, we recommend a break every hour!" +#~ "You can of course adjust this as necessary. Please make sure to include breaks, we " +#~ "recommend a break every hour!" #~ msgstr "" -#~ "当然你也可以看情况调整时间。但是请务必记得提供休息时间。我们建议每个小时休" -#~ "息一次！" +#~ "当然你也可以看情况调整时间。但是请务必记得提供休息时间。我们建议每个小时休息一次！" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" @@ -24187,47 +22938,44 @@ msgstr "" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" -#~ "The code implements the Collatz conjecture: it is believed that the loop " -#~ "will always end, but this is not yet proved. Edit the code and play with " -#~ "different inputs." +#~ "The code implements the Collatz conjecture: it is believed that the loop will always " +#~ "end, but this is not yet proved. Edit the code and play with different inputs." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "这段代码实现了 Collatz 猜想：猜想认为该循环总是会结束，但该猜想还没有被证" -#~ "明。可以编辑代码来尝试不同的输入。" +#~ "这段代码实现了 Collatz 猜想：猜想认为该循环总是会结束，但该猜想还没有被证明。可以编辑" +#~ "代码来尝试不同的输入。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Explain that all variables are statically typed. Try removing `i32` to " -#~ "trigger type inference. Try with `i8` instead and trigger a runtime " -#~ "integer overflow." +#~ "Explain that all variables are statically typed. Try removing `i32` to trigger type " +#~ "inference. Try with `i8` instead and trigger a runtime integer overflow." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "说明所有变量的类型都是静态的。尝试删除 `i32` 来触发类型推断。尝试使用 " -#~ "`i8` 来触发运行时整数溢出。" +#~ "说明所有变量的类型都是静态的。尝试删除 `i32` 来触发类型推断。尝试使用 `i8` 来触发运行" +#~ "时整数溢出。" #~ msgid "Change `let mut x` to `let x`, discuss the compiler error." #~ msgstr "将 `let mut x` 改为 `let x`，讨论出现的编译错误。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Show how `print!` gives a compilation error if the arguments don't match " -#~ "the format string." +#~ "Show how `print!` gives a compilation error if the arguments don't match the format " +#~ "string." #~ msgstr "展示 `print!` 在参数与格式字符串不匹配时产生的编译错误。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Show how you need to use `{}` as a placeholder if you want to print an " -#~ "expression which is more complex than just a single variable." +#~ "Show how you need to use `{}` as a placeholder if you want to print an expression " +#~ "which is more complex than just a single variable." #~ msgstr "展示如何使用 `{}` 作为占位符，来输出比单个变量更复杂的表达式。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Show the students the standard library, show them how to search for `std::" -#~ "fmt` which has the rules of the formatting mini-language. It's important " -#~ "that the students become familiar with searching in the standard library." +#~ "Show the students the standard library, show them how to search for `std::fmt` which " +#~ "has the rules of the formatting mini-language. It's important that the students " +#~ "become familiar with searching in the standard library." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "向学生展示标准库，展示如何搜索 `std::fmt`，其中包含用于格式化字符串的微型" -#~ "语言规则。要点是让学生熟悉在标准库中搜索的过程。" +#~ "向学生展示标准库，展示如何搜索 `std::fmt`，其中包含用于格式化字符串的微型语言规则。要" +#~ "点是让学生熟悉在标准库中搜索的过程。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "In a shell `rustup doc std::fmt` will open a browser on the local std::" -#~ "fmt documentation" -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "在 shell 中，运行 `rustup doc std::fmt` 会在浏览器中打开本地 std::fmt 文档" +#~ "In a shell `rustup doc std::fmt` will open a browser on the local std::fmt " +#~ "documentation" +#~ msgstr "在 shell 中，运行 `rustup doc std::fmt` 会在浏览器中打开本地 std::fmt 文档" #~ msgid "Compile time memory safety." #~ msgstr "编译期内存安全。" @@ -24245,8 +22993,7 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgstr "你发现了多少 bug？" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Despite just 29 lines of code, this C example contains serious bugs in at " -#~ "least 11:" +#~ "Despite just 29 lines of code, this C example contains serious bugs in at least 11:" #~ msgstr "尽管该 C 语言示例仅有29行代码，但它却包含了至少11个严重 bug：" #~ msgid "Assignment `=` instead of equality comparison `==` (line 28)" @@ -24265,8 +23012,7 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgstr "`switch` 语句忘记添加 `break`（第32行）" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Forgotten NUL-termination of the `buf` string, leading to a buffer " -#~ "overflow (line 29)" +#~ "Forgotten NUL-termination of the `buf` string, leading to a buffer overflow (line 29)" #~ msgstr "`buf` 字符串忘记NUL终止符，从而导致缓冲区溢出（第29行）" #~ msgid "Memory leak by not freeing the `malloc`\\-allocated buffer (line 21)" @@ -24283,44 +23029,42 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgid "" #~ "_Shouldn't these bugs be obvious even for a C compiler?_ \n" -#~ "No, surprisingly this code compiles warning-free at the default warning " -#~ "level, even in the latest GCC version (13.2 as of writing)." +#~ "No, surprisingly this code compiles warning-free at the default warning level, even " +#~ "in the latest GCC version (13.2 as of writing)." #~ msgstr "" #~ "_即使对于 C 语言编译器，这些bug难道不应该是显而易见的吗？_ \n" -#~ "惊人的是，即便使用最新版本的GCC（截至撰文时为13.2），在默认警告等级下编译" -#~ "代码时也不出现任何警告。" +#~ "惊人的是，即便使用最新版本的GCC（截至撰文时为13.2），在默认警告等级下编译代码时也不出" +#~ "现任何警告。" #~ msgid "" #~ "_Isn't this a highly unrealistic example?_ \n" -#~ "Absolutely not, these kind of bugs have lead to serious security " -#~ "vulnerabilities in the past. Some examples:" +#~ "Absolutely not, these kind of bugs have lead to serious security vulnerabilities in " +#~ "the past. Some examples:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "_这是非常极端的示例吗？_ \n" #~ "当然不是。这些类型的bug在过去曾引发一系列的安全漏洞，比如以下案例：" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Assignment `=` instead of equality comparison `==`: [The Linux Backdoor " -#~ "Attempt of 2003](https://freedom-to-tinker.com/2013/10/09/the-linux-" -#~ "backdoor-attempt-of-2003)" +#~ "Assignment `=` instead of equality comparison `==`: [The Linux Backdoor Attempt of " +#~ "2003](https://freedom-to-tinker.com/2013/10/09/the-linux-backdoor-attempt-of-2003)" #~ msgstr "" -#~ "使用赋值 `=` 而非判断相等 `==`：[2003年Linux后门尝试](https://freedom-to-" -#~ "tinker.com/2013/10/09/the-linux-backdoor-attempt-of-2003)" +#~ "使用赋值 `=` 而非判断相等 `==`：[2003年Linux后门尝试](https://freedom-to-tinker." +#~ "com/2013/10/09/the-linux-backdoor-attempt-of-2003)" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Forgotten braces in multi-line `if`: [The Apple goto fail vulnerability]" -#~ "(https://dwheeler.com/essays/apple-goto-fail.html)" +#~ "Forgotten braces in multi-line `if`: [The Apple goto fail vulnerability](https://" +#~ "dwheeler.com/essays/apple-goto-fail.html)" #~ msgstr "" -#~ "多行 `if` 语句缺少花括号：[Apple goto失败漏洞](https://dwheeler.com/" -#~ "essays/apple-goto-fail.html)" +#~ "多行 `if` 语句缺少花括号：[Apple goto失败漏洞](https://dwheeler.com/essays/apple-goto-" +#~ "fail.html)" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Forgotten `break` in a `switch` statement: [The break that broke sudo]" -#~ "(https://nakedsecurity.sophos.com/2012/05/21/anatomy-of-a-security-hole-" -#~ "the-break-that-broke-sudo)" -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "`switch` 语句忘记添加 `break`：[破坏sudo的break](https://nakedsecurity." -#~ "sophos.com/2012/05/21/anatomy-of-a-security-hole-the-break-that-broke-" +#~ "Forgotten `break` in a `switch` statement: [The break that broke sudo](https://" +#~ "nakedsecurity.sophos.com/2012/05/21/anatomy-of-a-security-hole-the-break-that-broke-" #~ "sudo)" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "`switch` 语句忘记添加 `break`：[破坏sudo的break](https://nakedsecurity.sophos." +#~ "com/2012/05/21/anatomy-of-a-security-hole-the-break-that-broke-sudo)" #~ msgid "" #~ "_How is Rust any better here?_ \n" @@ -24342,38 +23086,35 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgstr "所有 `if` 语句必须有花括号。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "`match` (as the Rust equivalent to `switch`) does not fall-through, hence " -#~ "you can't accidentally forget a `break`." +#~ "`match` (as the Rust equivalent to `switch`) does not fall-through, hence you can't " +#~ "accidentally forget a `break`." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "`match` 语句（在 Rust 中相当于 `switch`）并不会落空，因此你不会意外忘记一" -#~ "个 `break`。" +#~ "`match` 语句（在 Rust 中相当于 `switch`）并不会落空，因此你不会意外忘记一个 `break`。" #~ msgid "Buffer slices carry their size and don't rely on a NUL terminator." #~ msgstr "缓冲区切片自带它们的大小，且不依赖NUL终止符。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Heap-allocated memory is freed via the `Drop` trait when the " -#~ "corresponding `Box` leaves the scope." +#~ "Heap-allocated memory is freed via the `Drop` trait when the corresponding `Box` " +#~ "leaves the scope." #~ msgstr "当相关 `Box` 离开作用域时，Rust 通过 `Drop` trait 释放堆分配内存。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Out-of-bounds accesses cause a panic or can be checked via the `get` " -#~ "method of a slice." +#~ "Out-of-bounds accesses cause a panic or can be checked via the `get` method of a " +#~ "slice." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "越界访问会导致程序发生 panic 而终止，也可以用 `get` 方法来检查一个序列是否" -#~ "越界。" +#~ "越界访问会导致程序发生 panic 而终止，也可以用 `get` 方法来检查一个序列是否越界。" #~ msgid "`match` mandates that all cases are handled." #~ msgstr "`match` 语句规定要处理所有情况。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Fallible Rust functions return `Result` values that need to be unwrapped " -#~ "and thereby checked for success. Additionally, the compiler emits a " -#~ "warning if you miss to check the return value of a function marked with " -#~ "`#[must_use]`." +#~ "Fallible Rust functions return `Result` values that need to be unwrapped and thereby " +#~ "checked for success. Additionally, the compiler emits a warning if you miss to check " +#~ "the return value of a function marked with `#[must_use]`." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "可出错的 Rust 函数返回的 `Result` 值需要拆箱并检查是否成功。此外，如果你忽" -#~ "略检查标注为 `#[must_use]` 的函数的返回值，编译器会发出警告。" +#~ "可出错的 Rust 函数返回的 `Result` 值需要拆箱并检查是否成功。此外，如果你忽略检查标注" +#~ "为 `#[must_use]` 的函数的返回值，编译器会发出警告。" #~ msgid "Static memory management at compile time:" #~ msgstr "编译期静态内存管理：" @@ -24381,66 +23122,59 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgid "No memory leaks (_mostly_, see notes)." #~ msgstr "不存在内存泄漏（_通常情况下_，见注释）。" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "It is possible to produce memory leaks in (safe) Rust. Some examples are:" +#~ msgid "It is possible to produce memory leaks in (safe) Rust. Some examples are:" #~ msgstr "在（安全的）Rust 中也有可能产生内存泄漏。例如：" #~ msgid "" -#~ "You can use [`Box::leak`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box." -#~ "html#method.leak) to leak a pointer. A use of this could be to get " -#~ "runtime-initialized and runtime-sized static variables" +#~ "You can use [`Box::leak`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box.html#method." +#~ "leak) to leak a pointer. A use of this could be to get runtime-initialized and " +#~ "runtime-sized static variables" #~ msgstr "" -#~ "可以使用 [`Box::leak`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box." -#~ "html#method.leak) 来泄漏一个指针。该方法可以用于得到在运行时决定大小和初始" -#~ "化的静态变量" +#~ "可以使用 [`Box::leak`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box.html#method." +#~ "leak) 来泄漏一个指针。该方法可以用于得到在运行时决定大小和初始化的静态变量" #~ msgid "" -#~ "You can use [`std::mem::forget`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/mem/fn." -#~ "forget.html) to make the compiler \"forget\" about a value (meaning the " -#~ "destructor is never run)." +#~ "You can use [`std::mem::forget`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/mem/fn.forget.html) to " +#~ "make the compiler \"forget\" about a value (meaning the destructor is never run)." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "可以使用 [`std::mem::forget`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/mem/fn.forget." -#~ "html) 来让编译器“忘记”一个值（即其析构函数不会被执行）。" +#~ "可以使用 [`std::mem::forget`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/mem/fn.forget.html) 来让编" +#~ "译器“忘记”一个值（即其析构函数不会被执行）。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "You can also accidentally create a [reference cycle](https://doc.rust-" -#~ "lang.org/book/ch15-06-reference-cycles.html) with `Rc` or `Arc`." +#~ "You can also accidentally create a [reference cycle](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/" +#~ "ch15-06-reference-cycles.html) with `Rc` or `Arc`." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "可以使用 `Rc` 或 `Arc` 意外创建一个循环引用（[reference cycle](https://" -#~ "doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch15-06-reference-cycles.html)）。" +#~ "可以使用 `Rc` 或 `Arc` 意外创建一个循环引用（[reference cycle](https://doc.rust-lang." +#~ "org/book/ch15-06-reference-cycles.html)）。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "In fact, some will consider infinitely populating a collection a memory " -#~ "leak and Rust does not protect from those." -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "实际上，有人认为无限填充一个集合也是一种内存泄漏，而 Rust 对此没有保护。" +#~ "In fact, some will consider infinitely populating a collection a memory leak and Rust " +#~ "does not protect from those." +#~ msgstr "实际上，有人认为无限填充一个集合也是一种内存泄漏，而 Rust 对此没有保护。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "For the purpose of this course, \"No memory leaks\" should be understood " -#~ "as \"Pretty much no _accidental_ memory leaks\"." +#~ "For the purpose of this course, \"No memory leaks\" should be understood as \"Pretty " +#~ "much no _accidental_ memory leaks\"." #~ msgstr "就本课程而言，“不存在内存泄漏”应理解为“几乎没有 _意外_ 内存泄漏”。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Integer overflow is defined via the [`overflow-checks`](https://doc.rust-" -#~ "lang.org/rustc/codegen-options/index.html#overflow-checks) compile-time " -#~ "flag. If enabled, the program will panic (a controlled crash of the " -#~ "program), otherwise you get wrap-around semantics. By default, you get " -#~ "panics in debug mode (`cargo build`) and wrap-around in release mode " -#~ "(`cargo build --release`)." +#~ "Integer overflow is defined via the [`overflow-checks`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" +#~ "rustc/codegen-options/index.html#overflow-checks) compile-time flag. If enabled, the " +#~ "program will panic (a controlled crash of the program), otherwise you get wrap-around " +#~ "semantics. By default, you get panics in debug mode (`cargo build`) and wrap-around " +#~ "in release mode (`cargo build --release`)." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "整数溢出的行为由编译时的标志指定。可以选择 panic（一种受控的程序崩溃）或使" -#~ "用“回绕（wrap-around）”语义。默认情况下，使用调试模式编译（`cargo build`）" -#~ "的行为为 panic，使用发布模式编译（`cargo build --release`）的行为为“回" -#~ "绕”。" +#~ "整数溢出的行为由编译时的标志指定。可以选择 panic（一种受控的程序崩溃）或使用“回绕" +#~ "（wrap-around）”语义。默认情况下，使用调试模式编译（`cargo build`）的行为为 panic，使" +#~ "用发布模式编译（`cargo build --release`）的行为为“回绕”。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Bounds checking cannot be disabled with a compiler flag. It can also not " -#~ "be disabled directly with the `unsafe` keyword. However, `unsafe` allows " -#~ "you to call functions such as `slice::get_unchecked` which does not do " -#~ "bounds checking." +#~ "Bounds checking cannot be disabled with a compiler flag. It can also not be disabled " +#~ "directly with the `unsafe` keyword. However, `unsafe` allows you to call functions " +#~ "such as `slice::get_unchecked` which does not do bounds checking." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "边界检查不能使用编译标志禁用，也不能直接通过 `unsafe` 关键字禁用。然而， " -#~ "`unsafe` 允许你调用 `slice::get_unchecked` 等不做边界检查的函数。" +#~ "边界检查不能使用编译标志禁用，也不能直接通过 `unsafe` 关键字禁用。然而， `unsafe` 允许" +#~ "你调用 `slice::get_unchecked` 等不做边界检查的函数。" #~ msgid "Rust is built with all the experience gained in the last decades." #~ msgstr "Rust 建立于过去几十年来所获得的经验之上。" @@ -24452,40 +23186,37 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgstr "工具" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Zero-cost abstractions, similar to C++, means that you don't have to " -#~ "'pay' for higher-level programming constructs with memory or CPU. For " -#~ "example, writing a loop using `for` should result in roughly the same low " -#~ "level instructions as using the `.iter().fold()` construct." +#~ "Zero-cost abstractions, similar to C++, means that you don't have to 'pay' for higher-" +#~ "level programming constructs with memory or CPU. For example, writing a loop using " +#~ "`for` should result in roughly the same low level instructions as using the `.iter()." +#~ "fold()` construct." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "与 C++ 类似的零成本抽象，意味着你不需要为高级程序语言的结构“付出”更多的内" -#~ "存和 CPU。例如使用 `for` 循环与使用 `.iter().fold()` 结构应该会生成大致相" -#~ "同的底层指令。" +#~ "与 C++ 类似的零成本抽象，意味着你不需要为高级程序语言的结构“付出”更多的内存和 CPU。例" +#~ "如使用 `for` 循环与使用 `.iter().fold()` 结构应该会生成大致相同的底层指令。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "It may be worth mentioning that Rust enums are 'Algebraic Data Types', " -#~ "also known as 'sum types', which allow the type system to express things " -#~ "like `Option` and `Result`." +#~ "It may be worth mentioning that Rust enums are 'Algebraic Data Types', also known as " +#~ "'sum types', which allow the type system to express things like `Option` and " +#~ "`Result`." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "值得一提的是，Rust 的枚举是“代数数据类型”（也叫“和类型”）。它使得类型系统" -#~ "可以表示 `Option` 和 `Result` 等结构。" +#~ "值得一提的是，Rust 的枚举是“代数数据类型”（也叫“和类型”）。它使得类型系统可以表示 " +#~ "`Option` 和 `Result` 等结构。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Remind people to read the errors --- many developers have gotten used to " -#~ "ignore lengthy compiler output. The Rust compiler is significantly more " -#~ "talkative than other compilers. It will often provide you with " -#~ "_actionable_ feedback, ready to copy-paste into your code." +#~ "Remind people to read the errors --- many developers have gotten used to ignore " +#~ "lengthy compiler output. The Rust compiler is significantly more talkative than other " +#~ "compilers. It will often provide you with _actionable_ feedback, ready to copy-paste " +#~ "into your code." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "提醒学生去阅读编译错误 --- 许多开发者已经习惯去忽略冗长的编译器输出。Rust " -#~ "编译器会比其它编译器更健谈。它通常会提供 _可操作的_ 反馈，可以直接复制粘贴" -#~ "到代码中。" +#~ "提醒学生去阅读编译错误 --- 许多开发者已经习惯去忽略冗长的编译器输出。Rust 编译器会比其" +#~ "它编译器更健谈。它通常会提供 _可操作的_ 反馈，可以直接复制粘贴到代码中。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "The Rust standard library is small compared to languages like Java, " -#~ "Python, and Go. Rust does not come with several things you might consider " -#~ "standard and essential:" +#~ "The Rust standard library is small compared to languages like Java, Python, and Go. " +#~ "Rust does not come with several things you might consider standard and essential:" #~ msgstr "" -#~ "相比 Java、Python 和 Go 等语言，Rust 标准库较为精简。Rust 并没有内置一些你" -#~ "可能认为标准和必要的功能：" +#~ "相比 Java、Python 和 Go 等语言，Rust 标准库较为精简。Rust 并没有内置一些你可能认为标准" +#~ "和必要的功能：" #~ msgid "a random number generator, but see [rand](https://docs.rs/rand/)." #~ msgstr "随机数生成器，可以使用 [rand](https://docs.rs/rand/) 替代。" @@ -24494,42 +23225,39 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgstr "SSL 和 TLS 支持，可以使用 [rusttls](https://docs.rs/rustls/) 替代。" #~ msgid "support for JSON, but see [serde_json](https://docs.rs/serde_json/)." -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "JSON 支持，可以使用 [serde_json](https://docs.rs/serde_json/) 替代。" +#~ msgstr "JSON 支持，可以使用 [serde_json](https://docs.rs/serde_json/) 替代。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "The reasoning behind this is that functionality in the standard library " -#~ "cannot go away, so it has to be very stable. For the examples above, the " -#~ "Rust community is still working on finding the best solution --- and " -#~ "perhaps there isn't a single \"best solution\" for some of these things." +#~ "The reasoning behind this is that functionality in the standard library cannot go " +#~ "away, so it has to be very stable. For the examples above, the Rust community is " +#~ "still working on finding the best solution --- and perhaps there isn't a single " +#~ "\"best solution\" for some of these things." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "Rust 这么做的原因是标准库中的功能是无法去除的，因此该功能必须非常稳定。对" -#~ "于以上例子，Rust 社区仍在寻找最佳解决方案 --- 甚至对一些情况可能没有单一" -#~ "的“最佳解决方案”。" +#~ "Rust 这么做的原因是标准库中的功能是无法去除的，因此该功能必须非常稳定。对于以上例子，" +#~ "Rust 社区仍在寻找最佳解决方案 --- 甚至对一些情况可能没有单一的“最佳解决方案”。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Rust comes with a built-in package manager in the form of Cargo and this " -#~ "makes it trivial to download and compile third-party crates. A " -#~ "consequence of this is that the standard library can be smaller." +#~ "Rust comes with a built-in package manager in the form of Cargo and this makes it " +#~ "trivial to download and compile third-party crates. A consequence of this is that the " +#~ "standard library can be smaller." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "Rust 内置了一个包管理器 Cargo，使得下载和编译第三方 crate 变得简单。这也导" -#~ "致标准库可以更加精简。" +#~ "Rust 内置了一个包管理器 Cargo，使得下载和编译第三方 crate 变得简单。这也导致标准库可以" +#~ "更加精简。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Discovering good third-party crates can be a problem. Sites like help with this by letting you compare health metrics for crates " -#~ "to find a good and trusted one." +#~ "Discovering good third-party crates can be a problem. Sites like " +#~ "help with this by letting you compare health metrics for crates to find a good and " +#~ "trusted one." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "发现高质量的第三方 crate 也许是一个问题。 等网站对此问题" -#~ "有所帮助。它能帮你比较 crate 的健康指标，以找到一个高质量并受信任的 " -#~ "crate。" +#~ "发现高质量的第三方 crate 也许是一个问题。 等网站对此问题有所帮助。它" +#~ "能帮你比较 crate 的健康指标，以找到一个高质量并受信任的 crate。" #~ msgid "" #~ "[rust-analyzer](https://rust-analyzer.github.io/) is a well supported LSP " #~ "implementation used in major IDEs and text editors." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "[rust-analyzer](https://rust-analyzer.github.io/) 是一个受到广泛支持的 " -#~ "LSP 实现，被主流的 IDE 和文本编辑器所使用。" +#~ "[rust-analyzer](https://rust-analyzer.github.io/) 是一个受到广泛支持的 LSP 实现，被主" +#~ "流的 IDE 和文本编辑器所使用。" #~ msgid "`\"foo\"`, `\"two\\nlines\"`" #~ msgstr "`\"foo\"`、`“两\\n行”`" @@ -24537,68 +23265,55 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgid "Like C++, Rust has references:" #~ msgstr "如同 C++ 一样，Rust 也提供了引用类型。" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "We must dereference `ref_x` when assigning to it, similar to C and C++ " -#~ "pointers." -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "就像 C 与 C++ 中的指针一样，对引用 `ref_x` 进行赋值时，我们必须对其解引" -#~ "用。" +#~ msgid "We must dereference `ref_x` when assigning to it, similar to C and C++ pointers." +#~ msgstr "就像 C 与 C++ 中的指针一样，对引用 `ref_x` 进行赋值时，我们必须对其解引用。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "References that are declared as `mut` can be bound to different values " -#~ "over their lifetime." +#~ "References that are declared as `mut` can be bound to different values over their " +#~ "lifetime." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "如果引用值被声明为 `mut`（可变引用），那么这个引用值可以在它的生命周期内被" -#~ "绑定为不同的值。" +#~ "如果引用值被声明为 `mut`（可变引用），那么这个引用值可以在它的生命周期内被绑定为不同的" +#~ "值。" #~ msgid "A reference is said to \"borrow\" the value it refers to." #~ msgstr "一个引用被认为是“借用（borrow）”了它指向的值。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Rust is tracking the lifetimes of all references to ensure they live long " -#~ "enough." +#~ "Rust is tracking the lifetimes of all references to ensure they live long enough." #~ msgstr "Rust 会跟踪所有引用的生命周期，以确保这些值的存活时间足够长。" #~ msgid "`String` vs `str`" #~ msgstr "“String”与“str”的区别" -#~ msgid "We can now understand the two string types in Rust:" -#~ msgstr "现在我们就可以理解 Rust 中的两种字符串类型：" - #~ msgid "" -#~ "You can borrow `&str` slices from `String` via `&` and optionally range " -#~ "selection." +#~ "You can borrow `&str` slices from `String` via `&` and optionally range selection." #~ msgstr "你可以通过 `&` 和可选的范围选择从 `String` 中借用 `&str` 切片。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "A Rust version of the famous [FizzBuzz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" -#~ "Fizz_buzz) interview question:" +#~ "A Rust version of the famous [FizzBuzz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizz_buzz) " +#~ "interview question:" #~ msgstr "" -#~ "一个 Rust 版本的著名 [FizzBuzz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizz_buzz) " -#~ "面试题：" +#~ "一个 Rust 版本的著名 [FizzBuzz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizz_buzz) 面试题：" #~ msgid "" -#~ "We refer in `main` to a function written below. Neither forward " -#~ "declarations nor headers are necessary. " -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "我们在 `main` 中引用了下面编写的一个函数。不需要提前声明或添加头文件。 " +#~ "We refer in `main` to a function written below. Neither forward declarations nor " +#~ "headers are necessary. " +#~ msgstr "我们在 `main` 中引用了下面编写的一个函数。不需要提前声明或添加头文件。 " #~ msgid "" -#~ "The range expression in the `for` loop in `print_fizzbuzz_to()` contains " -#~ "`=n`, which causes it to include the upper bound." +#~ "The range expression in the `for` loop in `print_fizzbuzz_to()` contains `=n`, which " +#~ "causes it to include the upper bound." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "`print_fizzbuzz_to()`函数中`for`循环的范围表达式（range expression）包含" -#~ "`=n`，这会导致它包括上限。" +#~ "`print_fizzbuzz_to()`函数中`for`循环的范围表达式（range expression）包含`=n`，这会导致" +#~ "它包括上限。" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "All language items in Rust can be documented using special `///` syntax." +#~ msgid "All language items in Rust can be documented using special `///` syntax." #~ msgstr "Rust 中的所有语言元素都可以通过特殊的 `///` 语法进行文档化。" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" -#~ "/// Determine whether the first argument is divisible by the second " -#~ "argument.\n" +#~ "/// Determine whether the first argument is divisible by the second argument.\n" #~ "///\n" #~ "/// If the second argument is zero, the result is false.\n" #~ "///\n" @@ -24610,8 +23325,7 @@ msgstr "" #~ " if rhs == 0 {\n" #~ " return false; // Corner case, early return\n" #~ " }\n" -#~ " lhs % rhs == 0 // The last expression in a block is the return " -#~ "value\n" +#~ " lhs % rhs == 0 // The last expression in a block is the return value\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" @@ -24628,60 +23342,53 @@ msgstr "" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" -#~ "This course does not include rustdoc on slides, just to save space, but " -#~ "in real code they should be present." +#~ "This course does not include rustdoc on slides, just to save space, but in real code " +#~ "they should be present." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "本课程的幻灯片中不包含 rustdoc，这是为了节省空间，但是在实际的代码中，应当" -#~ "编写相关的程序文档。" +#~ "本课程的幻灯片中不包含 rustdoc，这是为了节省空间，但是在实际的代码中，应当编写相关的程" +#~ "序文档。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Inner doc comments are discussed later (in the page on modules) and need " -#~ "not be addressed here." +#~ "Inner doc comments are discussed later (in the page on modules) and need not be " +#~ "addressed here." #~ msgstr "内部文档注释将在稍后（在讲解模块的页面）讨论，这里无需进行说明。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Rustdoc comments can contain code snippets that we can run and test using " -#~ "`cargo test`. We will discuss these tests in the [Testing section](../" -#~ "testing/doc-tests.html)." +#~ "Rustdoc comments can contain code snippets that we can run and test using `cargo " +#~ "test`. We will discuss these tests in the [Testing section](../testing/doc-tests." +#~ "html)." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "Rustdoc 注释可以包含我们可使用“cargo test”运行和测试的代码段。我们将在[“测" -#~ "试”部分](../testing/doc-tests.html)中讨论这些测试。" +#~ "Rustdoc 注释可以包含我们可使用“cargo test”运行和测试的代码段。我们将在[“测试”部分](../" +#~ "testing/doc-tests.html)中讨论这些测试。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Methods are functions associated with a type. The `self` argument of a " -#~ "method is an instance of the type it is associated with:" -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "方法是与某种类型关联的函数。方法的 `self` 参数是与其关联类型的一个实例：" +#~ "Methods are functions associated with a type. The `self` argument of a method is an " +#~ "instance of the type it is associated with:" +#~ msgstr "方法是与某种类型关联的函数。方法的 `self` 参数是与其关联类型的一个实例：" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "We will look much more at methods in today's exercise and in tomorrow's " -#~ "class." +#~ msgid "We will look much more at methods in today's exercise and in tomorrow's class." #~ msgstr "我们将在今天的练习和明天的课程中更深入地学习方法相关的概念。" #, fuzzy -#~ msgid "" -#~ "Add a static method called `Rectangle::new` and call this from `main`:" +#~ msgid "Add a static method called `Rectangle::new` and call this from `main`:" #~ msgstr "新增一个 `Rectangle::new` 构造函数并在 `main` 函数中调用它:" #~ msgid "" -#~ "While _technically_, Rust does not have custom constructors, static " -#~ "methods are commonly used to initialize structs (but don't have to). The " -#~ "actual constructor, `Rectangle { width, height }`, could be called " -#~ "directly. See the [Rustnomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/" -#~ "constructors.html)." +#~ "While _technically_, Rust does not have custom constructors, static methods are " +#~ "commonly used to initialize structs (but don't have to). The actual constructor, " +#~ "`Rectangle { width, height }`, could be called directly. See the [Rustnomicon]" +#~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/constructors.html)." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "虽然从技术层面来讲，Rust 没有自定义构造函数，但静态方法通常用于初始化结构" -#~ "体（但并非必须这样做）。您可以直接调用实际构造函数“Rectangle { width, " -#~ "height }”。请参阅 [Rust 秘典](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/" -#~ "constructors.html)。" +#~ "虽然从技术层面来讲，Rust 没有自定义构造函数，但静态方法通常用于初始化结构体（但并非必" +#~ "须这样做）。您可以直接调用实际构造函数“Rectangle { width, height }”。请参阅 [Rust 秘" +#~ "典](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/constructors.html)。" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" -#~ "Add a `Rectangle::square(width: u32)` constructor to illustrate that such " -#~ "static methods can take arbitrary parameters." +#~ "Add a `Rectangle::square(width: u32)` constructor to illustrate that such static " +#~ "methods can take arbitrary parameters." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "新增一个 `Rectangle::new_square(width: u32)` 构造函数来说明构造函数可以接" -#~ "受任意参数。" +#~ "新增一个 `Rectangle::new_square(width: u32)` 构造函数来说明构造函数可以接受任意参数。" #~ msgid "Function Overloading" #~ msgstr "函数重载" @@ -24728,12 +23435,10 @@ msgstr "" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" -#~ "When using generics, the standard library's `Into` can provide a kind " -#~ "of limited polymorphism on argument types. We will see more details in a " -#~ "later section." +#~ "When using generics, the standard library's `Into` can provide a kind of limited " +#~ "polymorphism on argument types. We will see more details in a later section." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "标准库中的 `Into` 通过泛型参数提供了一种具有有限多态性的参数类型。详见" -#~ "之后的章节。" +#~ "标准库中的 `Into` 通过泛型参数提供了一种具有有限多态性的参数类型。详见之后的章节。" #~ msgid "Day 1: Morning Exercises" #~ msgstr "第一天上午习题" @@ -24751,63 +23456,56 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgstr "在解题时要考虑几件事：" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Use a local Rust installation, if possible. This way you can get auto-" -#~ "completion in your editor. See the page about [Using Cargo](../../cargo." -#~ "md) for details on installing Rust." +#~ "Use a local Rust installation, if possible. This way you can get auto-completion in " +#~ "your editor. See the page about [Using Cargo](../../cargo.md) for details on " +#~ "installing Rust." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "最好使用本地安装的 Rust，以实现在编辑器中自动补全。关于安装 Rust 的细节，" -#~ "请参见 \\[使用 Cargo\\] 页面。" - -#~ msgid "Alternatively, use the Rust Playground." -#~ msgstr "也可以使用 Rust Playground 作为替代。" +#~ "最好使用本地安装的 Rust，以实现在编辑器中自动补全。关于安装 Rust 的细节，请参见 \\[使" +#~ "用 Cargo\\] 页面。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "The code snippets are not editable on purpose: the inline code snippets " -#~ "lose their state if you navigate away from the page." -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "页面内嵌的代码片段是不可编辑的：因为离开页面后内嵌代码片段中的修改会丢失。" +#~ "The code snippets are not editable on purpose: the inline code snippets lose their " +#~ "state if you navigate away from the page." +#~ msgstr "页面内嵌的代码片段是不可编辑的：因为离开页面后内嵌代码片段中的修改会丢失。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Rust will not automatically apply _implicit conversions_ between types " -#~ "([unlike C++](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/" -#~ "implicit_conversion)). You can see this in a program like this:" +#~ "Rust will not automatically apply _implicit conversions_ between types ([unlike C++]" +#~ "(https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/implicit_conversion)). You can see this " +#~ "in a program like this:" #~ msgstr "" -#~ "[与 C++ 不同](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/" -#~ "implicit_conversion)，Rust 不会自动进行 _隐式类型转换_。例如，下面的程序中" -#~ "不存在隐式类型转换：" +#~ "[与 C++ 不同](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/implicit_conversion)，Rust 不" +#~ "会自动进行 _隐式类型转换_。例如，下面的程序中不存在隐式类型转换：" #~ msgid "" -#~ "The Rust integer types all implement the [`From`](https://doc.rust-" -#~ "lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) and [`Into`](https://doc.rust-" -#~ "lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) traits to let us convert between " -#~ "them. The `From` trait has a single `from()` method and similarly, the " -#~ "`Into` trait has a single `into()` method. Implementing these traits " -#~ "is how a type expresses that it can be converted into another type." +#~ "The Rust integer types all implement the [`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" +#~ "convert/trait.From.html) and [`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait." +#~ "Into.html) traits to let us convert between them. The `From` trait has a single " +#~ "`from()` method and similarly, the `Into` trait has a single `into()` method. " +#~ "Implementing these traits is how a type expresses that it can be converted into " +#~ "another type." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "Rust 的整数类型都实现了 [`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/" -#~ "trait.From.html) 和 [`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/" -#~ "trait.Into.html) trait，使得我们可以在它们之间进行转换。`From` trait 包" -#~ "含 `from()` 方法，`Into` trait 包含 `into()` 方法。类型通过实现这些 " -#~ "trait 来表达它将被如何转换为另一个类型。" +#~ "Rust 的整数类型都实现了 [`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From." +#~ "html) 和 [`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) trait，使" +#~ "得我们可以在它们之间进行转换。`From` trait 包含 `from()` 方法，`Into` trait 包" +#~ "含 `into()` 方法。类型通过实现这些 trait 来表达它将被如何转换为另一个类型。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "The standard library has an implementation of `From for i16`, which " -#~ "means that we can convert a variable `x` of type `i8` to an `i16` by " -#~ "calling `i16::from(x)`. Or, simpler, with `x.into()`, because `From " -#~ "for i16` implementation automatically create an implementation of " -#~ "`Into for i8`." +#~ "The standard library has an implementation of `From for i16`, which means that we " +#~ "can convert a variable `x` of type `i8` to an `i16` by calling `i16::from(x)`. Or, " +#~ "simpler, with `x.into()`, because `From for i16` implementation automatically " +#~ "create an implementation of `Into for i8`." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "标准库中包含 `From for i16` 的实现，即我们可以通过调用 `i16::from(x)` " -#~ "来将 `i8` 类型的变量 `x` 转换为 `i16`。或者也可以简单地使用 `x.into()`，因" -#~ "为 `From for i16` 的实现会自动创建 `Into for i8` 的实现。" +#~ "标准库中包含 `From for i16` 的实现，即我们可以通过调用 `i16::from(x)` 来将 `i8` 类" +#~ "型的变量 `x` 转换为 `i16`。或者也可以简单地使用 `x.into()`，因为 `From for i16` 的" +#~ "实现会自动创建 `Into for i8` 的实现。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "The same applies for your own `From` implementations for your own types, " -#~ "so it is sufficient to only implement `From` to get a respective `Into` " -#~ "implementation automatically." +#~ "The same applies for your own `From` implementations for your own types, so it is " +#~ "sufficient to only implement `From` to get a respective `Into` implementation " +#~ "automatically." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "这同样也适用于自定义类型的 `From` 实现，只需实现 `From` 就可以自动得到对应" -#~ "的 `Into` 实现。" +#~ "这同样也适用于自定义类型的 `From` 实现，只需实现 `From` 就可以自动得到对应的 `Into` 实" +#~ "现。" #~ msgid "Execute the above program and look at the compiler error." #~ msgstr "执行上述程序，并查看对应的编译错误。" @@ -24816,17 +23514,16 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgstr "修改代码，使用 `into()` 进行类型转换。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Change the types of `x` and `y` to other things (such as `f32`, `bool`, " -#~ "`i128`) to see which types you can convert to which other types. Try " -#~ "converting small types to big types and the other way around. Check the " -#~ "[standard library documentation](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/" -#~ "trait.From.html) to see if `From` is implemented for the pairs you " -#~ "check." +#~ "Change the types of `x` and `y` to other things (such as `f32`, `bool`, `i128`) to " +#~ "see which types you can convert to which other types. Try converting small types to " +#~ "big types and the other way around. Check the [standard library documentation]" +#~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) to see if `From` is " +#~ "implemented for the pairs you check." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "修改 `x` 和 `y` 的类型（例如 `f32`, `bool`, `i128` 等）来了解哪些类型之间" -#~ "可以相互转换。尝试将较小的类型转换为较大的类型和将较大的类型转换为较小的类" -#~ "型。阅读 [标准库文档](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From." -#~ "html) 来了解对于你所尝试的两个类型 `From` 是否已被实现。" +#~ "修改 `x` 和 `y` 的类型（例如 `f32`, `bool`, `i128` 等）来了解哪些类型之间可以相互转" +#~ "换。尝试将较小的类型转换为较大的类型和将较大的类型转换为较小的类型。阅读 [标准库文档]" +#~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) 来了解对于你所尝试的两个类型 " +#~ "`From` 是否已被实现。" #~ msgid "Arrays and `for` Loops" #~ msgstr "数组与 `for` 循环" @@ -24834,14 +23531,11 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgid "We saw that an array can be declared like this:" #~ msgstr "我们可以这样声明一个数组：" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "You can print such an array by asking for its debug representation with " -#~ "`{:?}`:" +#~ msgid "You can print such an array by asking for its debug representation with `{:?}`:" #~ msgstr "你可以使用 `{:?}` 来打印这种数组的调试格式：" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Rust lets you iterate over things like arrays and ranges using the `for` " -#~ "keyword:" +#~ "Rust lets you iterate over things like arrays and ranges using the `for` keyword:" #~ msgstr "在 Rust 中，可以使用 `for` 关键词遍历数组和区间等元素：" #, fuzzy @@ -24941,83 +23635,73 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgstr "附加题" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Could you use `&[i32]` slices instead of hard-coded 3 × 3 matrices for " -#~ "your argument and return types? Something like `&[&[i32]]` for a two-" -#~ "dimensional slice-of-slices. Why or why not?" +#~ "Could you use `&[i32]` slices instead of hard-coded 3 × 3 matrices for your argument " +#~ "and return types? Something like `&[&[i32]]` for a two-dimensional slice-of-slices. " +#~ "Why or why not?" #~ msgstr "" -#~ "是否可以使用 `&[i32]` 切片而不是硬编码的 3 × 3 矩阵作为函数的参数和返回类" -#~ "型？例如使用 `&[&[i32]]` 表示一个二维的切片的切片。为什么这样做是可行或不" -#~ "可行的？" +#~ "是否可以使用 `&[i32]` 切片而不是硬编码的 3 × 3 矩阵作为函数的参数和返回类型？例如使用 " +#~ "`&[&[i32]]` 表示一个二维的切片的切片。为什么这样做是可行或不可行的？" #~ msgid "" -#~ "See the [`ndarray` crate](https://docs.rs/ndarray/) for a production " -#~ "quality implementation." +#~ "See the [`ndarray` crate](https://docs.rs/ndarray/) for a production quality " +#~ "implementation." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "参考 [`ndarray` crate](https://docs.rs/ndarray/) 以了解该功能满足生产环境" -#~ "质量的实现。" +#~ "参考 [`ndarray` crate](https://docs.rs/ndarray/) 以了解该功能满足生产环境质量的实现。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "The solution and the answer to the bonus section are available in the " -#~ "[Solution](solutions-morning.md#arrays-and-for-loops) section." +#~ "The solution and the answer to the bonus section are available in the [Solution]" +#~ "(solutions-morning.md#arrays-and-for-loops) section." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "题目解答和附加题的答案在 [题解](solutions-morning.md#arrays-and-for-" -#~ "loops) 章节中。" +#~ "题目解答和附加题的答案在 [题解](solutions-morning.md#arrays-and-for-loops) 章节中。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "The use of the reference `&array` within `for n in &array` is a subtle " -#~ "preview of issues of ownership that will come later in the afternoon." +#~ "The use of the reference `&array` within `for n in &array` is a subtle preview of " +#~ "issues of ownership that will come later in the afternoon." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "在“for n in &array”中使用引用“&array”这一做法巧妙地预先展示了下午将谈到的" -#~ "所有权问题。" +#~ "在“for n in &array”中使用引用“&array”这一做法巧妙地预先展示了下午将谈到的所有权问题。" #~ msgid "Without the `&`..." #~ msgstr "如果不使用“&”…" #~ msgid "" -#~ "The loop would have been one that consumes the array. This is a change " -#~ "[introduced in the 2021 Edition](https://doc.rust-lang.org/edition-guide/" -#~ "rust-2021/IntoIterator-for-arrays.html)." +#~ "The loop would have been one that consumes the array. This is a change [introduced " +#~ "in the 2021 Edition](https://doc.rust-lang.org/edition-guide/rust-2021/IntoIterator-" +#~ "for-arrays.html)." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "循环将会是一个使用数组的循环。这是一项[在 2021 年版中引入](https://doc." -#~ "rust-lang.org/edition-guide/rust-2021/IntoIterator-for-arrays.html)的变" -#~ "更。" +#~ "循环将会是一个使用数组的循环。这是一项[在 2021 年版中引入](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" +#~ "edition-guide/rust-2021/IntoIterator-for-arrays.html)的变更。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "An implicit array copy would have occurred. Since `i32` is a copy type, " -#~ "then `[i32; 3]` is also a copy type." -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "会发生隐式数组复制。由于“i32”是复制类型，因此“\\[i32; 3\\]”也是复制类型。" +#~ "An implicit array copy would have occurred. Since `i32` is a copy type, then `[i32; " +#~ "3]` is also a copy type." +#~ msgstr "会发生隐式数组复制。由于“i32”是复制类型，因此“\\[i32; 3\\]”也是复制类型。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "As we have seen, `if` is an expression in Rust. It is used to " -#~ "conditionally evaluate one of two blocks, but the blocks can have a value " -#~ "which then becomes the value of the `if` expression. Other control flow " -#~ "expressions work similarly in Rust." +#~ "As we have seen, `if` is an expression in Rust. It is used to conditionally evaluate " +#~ "one of two blocks, but the blocks can have a value which then becomes the value of " +#~ "the `if` expression. Other control flow expressions work similarly in Rust." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "正如我们所知，`if` 是 Rust 中的一个表达式。它用于有条件地 评估两个块中的一" -#~ "个，但这些块可以有一个值， 然后成为 `if` 表达式的值。其他控制流表达式在 " -#~ "Rust 中也有类似 的运作方式。" +#~ "正如我们所知，`if` 是 Rust 中的一个表达式。它用于有条件地 评估两个块中的一个，但这些块" +#~ "可以有一个值， 然后成为 `if` 表达式的值。其他控制流表达式在 Rust 中也有类似 的运作方" +#~ "式。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "The same rule is used for functions: the value of the function body is " -#~ "the return value:" +#~ "The same rule is used for functions: the value of the function body is the return " +#~ "value:" #~ msgstr "同样的规则也适用于函数：函数主体的值 是返回值：" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "The point of this slide is to show that blocks have a type and value in " -#~ "Rust. " +#~ msgid "The point of this slide is to show that blocks have a type and value in Rust. " #~ msgstr "这张幻灯片的重点是说明在 Rust 中，块有类型和值。" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" -#~ "The [`for` loop](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword.for.html) is " -#~ "closely related to the [`while let` loop](while-let-expressions.md). It " -#~ "will automatically call `into_iter()` on the expression and then iterate " -#~ "over it:" +#~ "The [`for` loop](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword.for.html) is closely related " +#~ "to the [`while let` loop](while-let-expressions.md). It will automatically call " +#~ "`into_iter()` on the expression and then iterate over it:" #~ msgstr "" -#~ "[`for` 循环](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword.for.html) 与 [`when " -#~ "let` 循环](when-let-expression.md)密切相关。它会 自动对表达式调用 " -#~ "`into_iter()`，然后对其进行迭代：" +#~ "[`for` 循环](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword.for.html) 与 [`when let` 循环]" +#~ "(when-let-expression.md)密切相关。它会 自动对表达式调用 `into_iter()`，然后对其进行迭" +#~ "代：" #~ msgid "You can use `break` and `continue` here as usual." #~ msgstr "你可以在此照常使用 `break` 和 `continue`。" @@ -25029,27 +23713,25 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgstr "`(0..10)` 是实现 `Iterator` trait 的区间。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "`step_by` is a method that returns another `Iterator` that skips every " -#~ "other element. " -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "`step_by` 是返回另一个 `Iterator` 的方法，用于逐一跳过所有其他元素。" +#~ "`step_by` is a method that returns another `Iterator` that skips every other element. " +#~ msgstr "`step_by` 是返回另一个 `Iterator` 的方法，用于逐一跳过所有其他元素。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Modify the elements in the vector and explain the compiler errors. Change " -#~ "vector `v` to be mutable and the for loop to `for x in v.iter_mut()`." +#~ "Modify the elements in the vector and explain the compiler errors. Change vector `v` " +#~ "to be mutable and the for loop to `for x in v.iter_mut()`." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "修改矢量中的元素并说明编译器错误。将矢量 `v` 改为可变，并将 for 循环改为 " -#~ "`for x in v.iter_mut()`。" +#~ "修改矢量中的元素并说明编译器错误。将矢量 `v` 改为可变，并将 for 循环改为 `for x in v." +#~ "iter_mut()`。" #~ msgid "`loop` expressions" #~ msgstr "`loop` 表达式" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Finally, there is a [`loop` keyword](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/" -#~ "expressions/loop-expr.html#infinite-loops) which creates an endless loop." +#~ "Finally, there is a [`loop` keyword](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/" +#~ "loop-expr.html#infinite-loops) which creates an endless loop." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "最后是用于创建无限循环的 [`loop` 关键字](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" -#~ "reference/expressions/loop-expr.html#infinite-loops) 。" +#~ "最后是用于创建无限循环的 [`loop` 关键字](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/" +#~ "expressions/loop-expr.html#infinite-loops) 。" #~ msgid "Here you must either `break` or `return` to stop the loop:" #~ msgstr "在下例中，你必须 `break` 或 `return` 才能停止循环：" @@ -25058,31 +23740,29 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgstr "用一个值（例如 `break 8`）来中断 `loop` 并将其输出。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Due to type inference the `i32` is optional. We will gradually show the " -#~ "types less and less as the course progresses." -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "由于类型推导，`i32` 可以省略。随着课程推进，我们会越来越少地看到类型声明。" +#~ "Due to type inference the `i32` is optional. We will gradually show the types less " +#~ "and less as the course progresses." +#~ msgstr "由于类型推导，`i32` 可以省略。随着课程推进，我们会越来越少地看到类型声明。" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" -#~ "The following code tells the compiler to copy into a certain generic " -#~ "container without the code ever explicitly specifying the contained type, " -#~ "using `_` as a placeholder:" +#~ "The following code tells the compiler to copy into a certain generic container " +#~ "without the code ever explicitly specifying the contained type, using `_` as a " +#~ "placeholder:" #~ msgstr "" -#~ "下面的代码通过使用 `_` 占位符来告诉编译器无需明确指定其类型就可以将对应数" -#~ "据拷贝到该容器： " +#~ "下面的代码通过使用 `_` 占位符来告诉编译器无需明确指定其类型就可以将对应数据拷贝到该容" +#~ "器： " #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" -#~ "[`collect`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/iter/trait.Iterator." -#~ "html#method.collect) relies on [`FromIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" -#~ "std/iter/trait.FromIterator.html), which [`HashSet`](https://doc.rust-" -#~ "lang.org/std/collections/struct.HashSet.html#impl-FromIterator%3CT%3E-for-" -#~ "HashSet%3CT,+S%3E) implements." +#~ "[`collect`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html#method." +#~ "collect) relies on [`FromIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait." +#~ "FromIterator.html), which [`HashSet`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/collections/" +#~ "struct.HashSet.html#impl-FromIterator%3CT%3E-for-HashSet%3CT,+S%3E) implements." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "[`collect`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/iter/trait.Iterator." -#~ "html#method.collect) 依赖 [`HashSet`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/" -#~ "trait.FromIterator.html) 实现的 `FromIterator`。" +#~ "[`collect`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html#method." +#~ "collect) 依赖 [`HashSet`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.FromIterator.html) " +#~ "实现的 `FromIterator`。" #~ msgid "Static and Constant Variables" #~ msgstr "静态变量和常量" @@ -25140,30 +23820,29 @@ msgstr "" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" -#~ "The following code demonstrates why the compiler can't simply reuse " -#~ "memory locations when shadowing an immutable variable in a scope, even if " -#~ "the type does not change." +#~ "The following code demonstrates why the compiler can't simply reuse memory locations " +#~ "when shadowing an immutable variable in a scope, even if the type does not change." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "以下代码说明了为什么在作用域内隐藏一个不可变的变量时，即使是在变量类型没有" -#~ "改变的情况下，编译器也不能简单地重复利用之前的内存位置。" +#~ "以下代码说明了为什么在作用域内隐藏一个不可变的变量时，即使是在变量类型没有改变的情况" +#~ "下，编译器也不能简单地重复利用之前的内存位置。" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" -#~ "This page offers an enum type `CoinFlip` with two variants `Heads` and " -#~ "`Tails`. You might note the namespace when using variants." +#~ "This page offers an enum type `CoinFlip` with two variants `Heads` and `Tails`. You " +#~ "might note the namespace when using variants." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "本页提供了一个枚举类型 `CoinFlip`，其中包含 `Heads` 和`Tail`两个变体。在使" -#~ "用变体时，你可能会注意到命名空间。" +#~ "本页提供了一个枚举类型 `CoinFlip`，其中包含 `Heads` 和`Tail`两个变体。在使用变体时，你" +#~ "可能会注意到命名空间。" #~ msgid "In both, associated functions are defined within an `impl` block." #~ msgstr "在这两者中，关联的函数都在 `impl` 块中定义。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "You can define richer enums where the variants carry data. You can then " -#~ "use the `match` statement to extract the data from each variant:" +#~ "You can define richer enums where the variants carry data. You can then use the " +#~ "`match` statement to extract the data from each variant:" #~ msgstr "" -#~ "你可以定义更丰富的枚举，其中变体会携带数据。然后，你可以使用 `match` 语句" -#~ "从每个变体中提取数据：" +#~ "你可以定义更丰富的枚举，其中变体会携带数据。然后，你可以使用 `match` 语句从每个变体中" +#~ "提取数据：" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" @@ -25178,8 +23857,7 @@ msgstr "" #~ " match event {\n" #~ " WebEvent::PageLoad => println!(\"page loaded\"),\n" #~ " WebEvent::KeyPress(c) => println!(\"pressed '{c}'\"),\n" -#~ " WebEvent::Click { x, y } => println!(\"clicked at x={x}, " -#~ "y={y}\"),\n" +#~ " WebEvent::Click { x, y } => println!(\"clicked at x={x}, y={y}\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" @@ -25206,8 +23884,7 @@ msgstr "" #~ " match event {\n" #~ " WebEvent::PageLoad => println!(\"page loaded\"),\n" #~ " WebEvent::KeyPress(c) => println!(\"pressed '{c}'\"),\n" -#~ " WebEvent::Click { x, y } => println!(\"clicked at x={x}, " -#~ "y={y}\"),\n" +#~ " WebEvent::Click { x, y } => println!(\"clicked at x={x}, y={y}\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" @@ -25223,47 +23900,42 @@ msgstr "" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" -#~ "The expression is matched against the patterns from top to bottom. There " -#~ "is no fall-through like in C or C++." +#~ "The expression is matched against the patterns from top to bottom. There is no fall-" +#~ "through like in C or C++." #~ msgstr "表达式会从上到下与模式匹配。没有像 C 或 C++ 中那样的跳转。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "The match expression has a value. The value is the last expression in the " -#~ "match arm which was executed." +#~ "The match expression has a value. The value is the last expression in the match arm " +#~ "which was executed." #~ msgstr "匹配表达式拥有一个值。值是 match 分支中被执行的最后一个表达式。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Starting from the top we look for what pattern matches the value then run " -#~ "the code following the arrow. Once we find a match, we stop. " +#~ "Starting from the top we look for what pattern matches the value then run the code " +#~ "following the arrow. Once we find a match, we stop. " #~ msgstr "" -#~ "从顶部开始，查找与该值匹配的模式，然后沿箭头运行代码。一旦找到匹配，我们便" -#~ "会停止。" +#~ "从顶部开始，查找与该值匹配的模式，然后沿箭头运行代码。一旦找到匹配，我们便会停止。" #~ msgid "`match` inspects a hidden discriminant field in the `enum`." #~ msgstr "`match` 会检查 `enum` 中的隐藏的判别字段。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "It is possible to retrieve the discriminant by calling `std::mem::" -#~ "discriminant()`" +#~ "It is possible to retrieve the discriminant by calling `std::mem::discriminant()`" #~ msgstr "可以通过调用 `std::mem::discriminant()` 来检索判别" #~ msgid "" -#~ "This is useful, for example, if implementing `PartialEq` for structs " -#~ "where comparing field values doesn't affect equality." -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "这很有用，例如如果为结构体实现 `PartialEq`，比较字段值不会影响等式。" +#~ "This is useful, for example, if implementing `PartialEq` for structs where comparing " +#~ "field values doesn't affect equality." +#~ msgstr "这很有用，例如如果为结构体实现 `PartialEq`，比较字段值不会影响等式。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "`WebEvent::Click { ... }` is not exactly the same as `WebEvent::" -#~ "Click(Click)` with a top level `struct Click { ... }`. The inlined " -#~ "version cannot implement traits, for example." +#~ "`WebEvent::Click { ... }` is not exactly the same as `WebEvent::Click(Click)` with a " +#~ "top level `struct Click { ... }`. The inlined version cannot implement traits, for " +#~ "example." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "`WebEvent::Click { ... }` 与含顶层 `struct Click { ... }` 的 `WebEvent::" -#~ "Click(Click)` 不完全相同。例如，内嵌版本无法实现 trait。" +#~ "`WebEvent::Click { ... }` 与含顶层 `struct Click { ... }` 的 `WebEvent::Click(Click)` " +#~ "不完全相同。例如，内嵌版本无法实现 trait。" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "Rust enums are packed tightly, taking constraints due to alignment into " -#~ "account:" +#~ msgid "Rust enums are packed tightly, taking constraints due to alignment into account:" #~ msgstr "Rust 枚举被紧密地打包，考虑到了对齐的影响，因此存在一些限制：" #, fuzzy @@ -25309,8 +23981,7 @@ msgstr "" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" -#~ "Internally Rust is using a field (discriminant) to keep track of the enum " -#~ "variant." +#~ "Internally Rust is using a field (discriminant) to keep track of the enum variant." #~ msgstr "在内部，Rust 使用字段（判别）来跟踪枚举变体。" #, fuzzy @@ -25323,39 +23994,35 @@ msgstr "" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" -#~ "`dbg_size!(Option)`: size 1 bytes, align: 1 bytes (niche " -#~ "optimization, see below)," +#~ "`dbg_size!(Option)`: size 1 bytes, align: 1 bytes (niche optimization, see " +#~ "below)," #~ msgstr "" -#~ "`dbg_size!(Option)`：大小占用 1 个字节，对齐占用 1 个字节（小众优" -#~ "化，请参阅下文）；" +#~ "`dbg_size!(Option)`：大小占用 1 个字节，对齐占用 1 个字节（小众优化，请参阅下" +#~ "文）；" #, fuzzy -#~ msgid "" -#~ "`dbg_size!(&i32)`: size 8 bytes, align: 8 bytes (on a 64-bit machine)," -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "`dbg_size!(&i32)`：大小占用 8 个字节，对齐占用 8 个字节（在 64 位设备" -#~ "上）；" +#~ msgid "`dbg_size!(&i32)`: size 8 bytes, align: 8 bytes (on a 64-bit machine)," +#~ msgstr "`dbg_size!(&i32)`：大小占用 8 个字节，对齐占用 8 个字节（在 64 位设备上）；" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" -#~ "`dbg_size!(Option<&i32>)`: size 8 bytes, align: 8 bytes (null pointer " -#~ "optimization, see below)." +#~ "`dbg_size!(Option<&i32>)`: size 8 bytes, align: 8 bytes (null pointer optimization, " +#~ "see below)." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "`dbg_size!(Option<&i32>)`：大小占用 8 个字节，对齐占用 8 个字节（Null 指针" -#~ "优化，请参阅下文）。" +#~ "`dbg_size!(Option<&i32>)`：大小占用 8 个字节，对齐占用 8 个字节（Null 指针优化，请参阅" +#~ "下文）。" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" -#~ "Niche optimization: Rust will merge unused bit patterns for the enum " -#~ "discriminant." +#~ "Niche optimization: Rust will merge unused bit patterns for the enum discriminant." #~ msgstr "小众优化：Rust 将对枚举判别合并使用 未使用的位模式。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "More complex example if you want to discuss what happens when we chain " -#~ "more than 256 `Option`s together." +#~ "More complex example if you want to discuss what happens when we chain more than 256 " +#~ "`Option`s together." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "如果您想讨论将 256 多个“Option”链在一起时会发生什么情况，可以使用下方这个" -#~ "更复杂的示例。" +#~ "如果您想讨论将 256 多个“Option”链在一起时会发生什么情况，可以使用下方这个更复杂的示" +#~ "例。" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" @@ -25382,24 +24049,23 @@ msgstr "" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" -#~ "Since 1.65, a similar [let-else](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-" -#~ "example/flow_control/let_else.html) construct allows to do a " -#~ "destructuring assignment, or if it fails, execute a block which is " -#~ "required to abort normal control flow (with `panic`/`return`/`break`/" -#~ "`continue`):" +#~ "Since 1.65, a similar [let-else](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/" +#~ "flow_control/let_else.html) construct allows to do a destructuring assignment, or if " +#~ "it fails, execute a block which is required to abort normal control flow (with " +#~ "`panic`/`return`/`break`/`continue`):" #~ msgstr "" -#~ "自 1.65 版以来，类似的 [let-else](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-" -#~ "example/flow_control/let_else.html) 结构允许执行解构赋值，或者如果不满足条" -#~ "件，则有一个非返回块分支 (panic/return/break/continue)：" +#~ "自 1.65 版以来，类似的 [let-else](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/" +#~ "flow_control/let_else.html) 结构允许执行解构赋值，或者如果不满足条件，则有一个非返回块" +#~ "分支 (panic/return/break/continue)：" #~ msgid "" -#~ "The [`match` keyword](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/" -#~ "match-expr.html) is used to match a value against one or more patterns. " -#~ "In that sense, it works like a series of `if let` expressions:" +#~ "The [`match` keyword](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/match-expr." +#~ "html) is used to match a value against one or more patterns. In that sense, it works " +#~ "like a series of `if let` expressions:" #~ msgstr "" -#~ "[`match` 关键字](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/match-" -#~ "expr.html) 用于将一个值与一个或多个模式进行匹配。从这个意义上讲，它的工作" -#~ "方式 类似于一系列的 `if let` 表达式：" +#~ "[`match` 关键字](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/match-expr.html) 用于" +#~ "将一个值与一个或多个模式进行匹配。从这个意义上讲，它的工作方式 类似于一系列的 `if " +#~ "let` 表达式：" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" @@ -25435,50 +24101,44 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgstr "移除 `.as_deref()` 并说明错误。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "`std::env::args().next()` returns an `Option`, but we cannot " -#~ "match against `String`." +#~ "`std::env::args().next()` returns an `Option`, but we cannot match against " +#~ "`String`." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "`std::env::args().next()` 会返回 `Option`，但无法与 `String` 进行" -#~ "匹配。" +#~ "`std::env::args().next()` 会返回 `Option`，但无法与 `String` 进行匹配。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "`as_deref()` transforms an `Option` to `Option<&T::Target>`. In our " -#~ "case, this turns `Option` into `Option<&str>`." +#~ "`as_deref()` transforms an `Option` to `Option<&T::Target>`. In our case, this " +#~ "turns `Option` into `Option<&str>`." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "`as_deref()` 会将 `Option` 转换为 `Option<&T::Target>`。在我们的示例" -#~ "中，这会将 `Option` 转换为 `Option<&str>`。" +#~ "`as_deref()` 会将 `Option` 转换为 `Option<&T::Target>`。在我们的示例中，这会将 " +#~ "`Option` 转换为 `Option<&str>`。" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "We can now use pattern matching to match against the `&str` inside " -#~ "`Option`." +#~ msgid "We can now use pattern matching to match against the `&str` inside `Option`." #~ msgstr "现在，我们可以使用模式匹配来匹配 `Option` 中的 `&str`。" #~ msgid "The `_` pattern is a wildcard pattern which matches any value." #~ msgstr "模式 `_` 是外卡 (wildcard) 模式。它可以匹配任何值。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "It can be useful to show how binding works, by for instance replacing a " -#~ "wildcard character with a variable, or removing the quotes around `q`." +#~ "It can be useful to show how binding works, by for instance replacing a wildcard " +#~ "character with a variable, or removing the quotes around `q`." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "展示绑定的运作方式可能会很有帮助，例如通过用变量替换通配符或移除“q”周围的" -#~ "引号来展示。" +#~ "展示绑定的运作方式可能会很有帮助，例如通过用变量替换通配符或移除“q”周围的引号来展示。" #~ msgid "You can demonstrate matching on a reference." #~ msgstr "您可以在参照项上演示如何匹配。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "This might be a good time to bring up the concept of irrefutable " -#~ "patterns, as the term can show up in error messages." +#~ "This might be a good time to bring up the concept of irrefutable patterns, as the " +#~ "term can show up in error messages." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "这时可能很适合提到“不可反驳的模式”这个概念，因为这个术语可能会出现在错误消" -#~ "息中。" +#~ "这时可能很适合提到“不可反驳的模式”这个概念，因为这个术语可能会出现在错误消息中。" #~ msgid "You can also destructure `structs`:" #~ msgstr "您还可以解构“structs”：" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Destructuring of slices of unknown length also works with patterns of " -#~ "fixed length." +#~ "Destructuring of slices of unknown length also works with patterns of fixed length." #~ msgstr "对未知长度的切片进行解构也可以使用固定长度的模式。" #~ msgid "" @@ -25493,8 +24153,7 @@ msgstr "" #~ " println!(\"Tell me about {slice:?}\");\n" #~ " match slice {\n" #~ " &[0, y, z] => println!(\"First is 0, y = {y}, and z = {z}\"),\n" -#~ " &[1, ..] => println!(\"First is 1 and the rest were " -#~ "ignored\"),\n" +#~ " &[1, ..] => println!(\"First is 1 and the rest were ignored\"),\n" #~ " _ => println!(\"All elements were ignored\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" @@ -25511,22 +24170,20 @@ msgstr "" #~ " println!(\"Tell me about {slice:?}\");\n" #~ " match slice {\n" #~ " &[0, y, z] => println!(\"First is 0, y = {y}, and z = {z}\"),\n" -#~ " &[1, ..] => println!(\"First is 1 and the rest were " -#~ "ignored\"),\n" +#~ " &[1, ..] => println!(\"First is 1 and the rest were ignored\"),\n" #~ " _ => println!(\"All elements were ignored\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" -#~ "When matching, you can add a _guard_ to a pattern. This is an arbitrary " -#~ "Boolean expression which will be executed if the pattern matches:" +#~ "When matching, you can add a _guard_ to a pattern. This is an arbitrary Boolean " +#~ "expression which will be executed if the pattern matches:" #~ msgstr "" -#~ "匹配时，您可以向模式中添加“守卫”。这是一个任意布尔表达式，如果模式匹配，就" -#~ "会执行该表达式：" +#~ "匹配时，您可以向模式中添加“守卫”。这是一个任意布尔表达式，如果模式匹配，就会执行该表达" +#~ "式：" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "You can use the variables defined in the pattern in your if expression." +#~ msgid "You can use the variables defined in the pattern in your if expression." #~ msgstr "您可以在 if 表达式中使用模式中定义的变量。" #~ msgid "Day 1: Afternoon Exercises" @@ -25543,43 +24200,33 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgid "An exercise on pattern matching." #~ msgstr "枚举和模式匹配。" -#, fuzzy -#~ msgid "" -#~ "Copy the code below to and implement the " -#~ "function." -#~ msgstr "将下面的代码复制到 并实现上述函数：" - #~ msgid "" -#~ "Try to solve the problem the \"simple\" way first, using `for` loops and " -#~ "integers. Then, revisit the solution and try to implement it with " -#~ "iterators." +#~ "Try to solve the problem the \"simple\" way first, using `for` loops and integers. " +#~ "Then, revisit the solution and try to implement it with iterators." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "使用“for”循环和整数，先尝试以简单的方式解决问题。然后，再次查看该解决方" -#~ "案，并尝试使用迭代器来实现它。" +#~ "使用“for”循环和整数，先尝试以简单的方式解决问题。然后，再次查看该解决方案，并尝试使用" +#~ "迭代器来实现它。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Memory management: stack vs heap, manual memory management, scope-based " -#~ "memory management, and garbage collection." -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "内存管理：栈与堆，手动内存管理，基于作用域的内存管理，以及垃圾回收。" +#~ "Memory management: stack vs heap, manual memory management, scope-based memory " +#~ "management, and garbage collection." +#~ msgstr "内存管理：栈与堆，手动内存管理，基于作用域的内存管理，以及垃圾回收。" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "Ownership: move semantics, copying and cloning, borrowing, and lifetimes." +#~ msgid "Ownership: move semantics, copying and cloning, borrowing, and lifetimes." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "所有权：移动（move）的语义，复制（copy）和克隆（clone），借用（borrow），" -#~ "以及生命周期。" +#~ "所有权：移动（move）的语义，复制（copy）和克隆（clone），借用（borrow），以及生命周" +#~ "期。" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Structs and methods." #~ msgstr "结构体（struct）, 枚举（enum）, 方法（method）。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "The Standard Library: `String`, `Option` and `Result`, `Vec`, `HashMap`, " -#~ "`Rc` and `Arc`." +#~ "The Standard Library: `String`, `Option` and `Result`, `Vec`, `HashMap`, `Rc` and " +#~ "`Arc`." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "标准库: `字符串（String）`, `选项（Option）` 和 `结果（Result）`, `动态数" -#~ "组（Vec）`, `散列表（HashMap）`, `引用计数（Rc）` 和 `共享引用计数（Arc）" -#~ "`。" +#~ "标准库: `字符串（String）`, `选项（Option）` 和 `结果（Result）`, `动态数组（Vec）`, `" +#~ "散列表（HashMap）`, `引用计数（Rc）` 和 `共享引用计数（Arc）`。" #~ msgid "Modules: visibility, paths, and filesystem hierarchy." #~ msgstr "模块: 可见性, 路径和文件系统的层次结构。" @@ -25615,14 +24262,11 @@ msgstr "" #~ " s1.push(' ');\n" #~ " s1.push_str(\"world\");\n" #~ " // DON'T DO THIS AT HOME! For educational purposes only.\n" -#~ " // String provides no guarantees about its layout, so this could lead " -#~ "to\n" +#~ " // String provides no guarantees about its layout, so this could lead to\n" #~ " // undefined behavior.\n" #~ " unsafe {\n" -#~ " let (ptr, capacity, len): (usize, usize, usize) = std::mem::" -#~ "transmute(s1);\n" -#~ " println!(\"ptr = {ptr:#x}, len = {len}, capacity = " -#~ "{capacity}\");\n" +#~ " let (ptr, capacity, len): (usize, usize, usize) = std::mem::transmute(s1);\n" +#~ " println!(\"ptr = {ptr:#x}, len = {len}, capacity = {capacity}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" @@ -25633,14 +24277,11 @@ msgstr "" #~ " s1.push(' ');\n" #~ " s1.push_str(\"world\");\n" #~ " // DON'T DO THIS AT HOME! For educational purposes only.\n" -#~ " // String provides no guarantees about its layout, so this could lead " -#~ "to\n" +#~ " // String provides no guarantees about its layout, so this could lead to\n" #~ " // undefined behavior.\n" #~ " unsafe {\n" -#~ " let (capacity, ptr, len): (usize, usize, usize) = std::mem::" -#~ "transmute(s1);\n" -#~ " println!(\"ptr = {ptr:#x}, len = {len}, capacity = " -#~ "{capacity}\");\n" +#~ " let (capacity, ptr, len): (usize, usize, usize) = std::mem::transmute(s1);\n" +#~ " println!(\"ptr = {ptr:#x}, len = {len}, capacity = {capacity}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" @@ -25649,8 +24290,8 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgstr "你自己实现堆内存分配和释放。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "If not done with care, this can lead to crashes, bugs, security " -#~ "vulnerabilities, and memory leaks." +#~ "If not done with care, this can lead to crashes, bugs, security vulnerabilities, and " +#~ "memory leaks." #~ msgstr "稍有不慎，这可能会导致崩溃、bug、安全漏洞和内存泄漏。" #~ msgid "C Example" @@ -25683,32 +24324,29 @@ msgstr "" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" -#~ "Memory is leaked if the function returns early between `malloc` and " -#~ "`free`: the pointer is lost and we cannot deallocate the memory. Worse, " -#~ "freeing the pointer twice, or accessing a freed pointer can lead to " -#~ "exploitable security vulnerabilities." +#~ "Memory is leaked if the function returns early between `malloc` and `free`: the " +#~ "pointer is lost and we cannot deallocate the memory. Worse, freeing the pointer " +#~ "twice, or accessing a freed pointer can lead to exploitable security vulnerabilities." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "如果函数在 `malloc` 和 `free` 之间提前返回，则会导致内存泄漏： 指针丢失，" -#~ "而我们无法释放对应的内存。" +#~ "如果函数在 `malloc` 和 `free` 之间提前返回，则会导致内存泄漏： 指针丢失，而我们无法释" +#~ "放对应的内存。" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "Constructors and destructors let you hook into the lifetime of an object." +#~ msgid "Constructors and destructors let you hook into the lifetime of an object." #~ msgstr "构造函数和析构函数让你可以钩入对象的生命周期。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "By wrapping a pointer in an object, you can free memory when the object " -#~ "is destroyed. The compiler guarantees that this happens, even if an " -#~ "exception is raised." +#~ "By wrapping a pointer in an object, you can free memory when the object is destroyed. " +#~ "The compiler guarantees that this happens, even if an exception is raised." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "通过将指针封装在对象中，你可以在该对象 被销毁时释放内存。编译器可保证这一" -#~ "点的实现，即使引发了异常也不例外。" +#~ "通过将指针封装在对象中，你可以在该对象 被销毁时释放内存。编译器可保证这一点的实现，即" +#~ "使引发了异常也不例外。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "This is often called _resource acquisition is initialization_ (RAII) and " -#~ "gives you smart pointers." +#~ "This is often called _resource acquisition is initialization_ (RAII) and gives you " +#~ "smart pointers." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "这通常称为“资源获取即初始化 (resource acquisition is initialization, " -#~ "RAII)”， 并为你提供智能指针。" +#~ "这通常称为“资源获取即初始化 (resource acquisition is initialization, RAII)”， 并为你提" +#~ "供智能指针。" #~ msgid "" #~ "```c++\n" @@ -25724,32 +24362,28 @@ msgstr "" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" -#~ "The `std::unique_ptr` object is allocated on the stack, and points to " -#~ "memory allocated on the heap." +#~ "The `std::unique_ptr` object is allocated on the stack, and points to memory " +#~ "allocated on the heap." #~ msgstr "`std::unique_ptr` 对象在栈上分配内存，并指向在堆上分配的内存。" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "At the end of `say_hello`, the `std::unique_ptr` destructor will run." +#~ msgid "At the end of `say_hello`, the `std::unique_ptr` destructor will run." #~ msgstr "在 `say_hello` 结束时，`std::unique_ptr` 析构函数将运行。" #~ msgid "The destructor frees the `Person` object it points to." #~ msgstr "析构函数释放它所指向的 `Person` 对象。" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "Special move constructors are used when passing ownership to a function:" +#~ msgid "Special move constructors are used when passing ownership to a function:" #~ msgstr "将所有权传递给函数时，使用特殊的 move 构造函数：" #~ msgid "" -#~ "An alternative to manual and scope-based memory management is automatic " -#~ "memory management:" +#~ "An alternative to manual and scope-based memory management is automatic memory " +#~ "management:" #~ msgstr "自动内存管理是手动和基于作用域的内存管理 的替代方案：" #~ msgid "The programmer never allocates or deallocates memory explicitly." #~ msgstr "程序员从不显式分配或取消分配内存。" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "A garbage collector finds unused memory and deallocates it for the " -#~ "programmer." +#~ msgid "A garbage collector finds unused memory and deallocates it for the programmer." #~ msgstr "垃圾回收器找到未使用的内存，并为程序员将其取消分配。" #~ msgid "Java Example" @@ -25784,38 +24418,34 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgstr "像 C++ 一样基于作用域，但编译器会强制完全遵循规则。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "A Rust user can choose the right abstraction for the situation, some even " -#~ "have no cost at runtime like C." -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "Rust 用户可以根据具体情况选择合适的抽象，有些甚至没有像 C 那样的运行时开" -#~ "销。" +#~ "A Rust user can choose the right abstraction for the situation, some even have no " +#~ "cost at runtime like C." +#~ msgstr "Rust 用户可以根据具体情况选择合适的抽象，有些甚至没有像 C 那样的运行时开销。" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Rust achieves this by modeling _ownership_ explicitly." #~ msgstr "它通过对“所有权”进行显式建模来实现这一点。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "If asked how at this point, you can mention that in Rust this is usually " -#~ "handled by RAII wrapper types such as [Box](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" -#~ "boxed/struct.Box.html), [Vec](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct." -#~ "Vec.html), [Rc](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/rc/struct.Rc.html), or [Arc]" -#~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html). These encapsulate " -#~ "ownership and memory allocation via various means, and prevent the " -#~ "potential errors in C." +#~ "If asked how at this point, you can mention that in Rust this is usually handled by " +#~ "RAII wrapper types such as [Box](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box." +#~ "html), [Vec](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html), [Rc](https://doc." +#~ "rust-lang.org/std/rc/struct.Rc.html), or [Arc](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/" +#~ "struct.Arc.html). These encapsulate ownership and memory allocation via various " +#~ "means, and prevent the potential errors in C." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "如果此时被问及如何操作，你可以提及在 Rust 中，这通常由 RAII 封装容器类型" -#~ "（例如 [Box](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box.html)、[Vec]" -#~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html)、[Rc](https://doc." -#~ "rust-lang.org/std/rc/struct.Rc.html) 或 [Arc](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" -#~ "std/sync/struct.Arc.html)）处理。这些类型通过各种方式封装了所有权和内存分" -#~ "配，并防止了 C 中潜在错误的发生。" +#~ "如果此时被问及如何操作，你可以提及在 Rust 中，这通常由 RAII 封装容器类型（例如 [Box]" +#~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box.html)、[Vec](https://doc.rust-lang." +#~ "org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html)、[Rc](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/rc/struct.Rc.html) " +#~ "或 [Arc](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html)）处理。这些类型通过各种方" +#~ "式封装了所有权和内存分配，并防止了 C 中潜在错误的发生。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "You may be asked about destructors here, the [Drop](https://doc.rust-lang." -#~ "org/std/ops/trait.Drop.html) trait is the Rust equivalent." +#~ "You may be asked about destructors here, the [Drop](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/" +#~ "trait.Drop.html) trait is the Rust equivalent." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "你可能会被问及析构函数，此处 [Drop](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/" -#~ "trait.Drop.html) trait 是 Rust 等效项。" +#~ "你可能会被问及析构函数，此处 [Drop](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Drop." +#~ "html) trait 是 Rust 等效项。" #~ msgid "A destructor can run here to free up resources." #~ msgstr "析构函数可在此运行以释放资源。" @@ -25845,8 +24475,7 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgid "The heap data from `s1` is reused for `s2`." #~ msgstr "`s1` 中的堆数据会被 `s2` 重复使用。" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "When `s1` goes out of scope, nothing happens (it has been moved from)." +#~ msgid "When `s1` goes out of scope, nothing happens (it has been moved from)." #~ msgstr "当 `s1` 离开作用域时，什么都不会发生（它已被移出）。" #~ msgid "" @@ -25886,36 +24515,32 @@ msgstr "" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" -#~ "If students ask about `derive`, it is sufficient to say that this is a " -#~ "way to generate code in Rust at compile time. In this case the default " -#~ "implementations of `Copy` and `Clone` traits are generated." +#~ "If students ask about `derive`, it is sufficient to say that this is a way to " +#~ "generate code in Rust at compile time. In this case the default implementations of " +#~ "`Copy` and `Clone` traits are generated." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "如果学员问起 `derive`，只需说这是一种 在编译时生成 Rust 代码的方法。在这种" -#~ "情况下，系统会生成 `Copy` 和 `Clone` trait 的默认实现。" +#~ "如果学员问起 `derive`，只需说这是一种 在编译时生成 Rust 代码的方法。在这种情况下，系统" +#~ "会生成 `Copy` 和 `Clone` trait 的默认实现。" #~ msgid "A borrowed value has a _lifetime_:" #~ msgstr "借用的值是有“生命周期”的：" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "The lifetime can be implicit: `add(p1: &Point, p2: &Point) -> Point`." +#~ msgid "The lifetime can be implicit: `add(p1: &Point, p2: &Point) -> Point`." #~ msgstr "生命周期可以是隐式的：add(p1: &Point, p2: &Point) -> Point\\`。" #~ msgid "Lifetimes can also be explicit: `&'a Point`, `&'document str`." #~ msgstr "生命周期也可以是显式的：`&'a Point`、`&'document str`。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Read `&'a Point` as \"a borrowed `Point` which is valid for at least the " -#~ "lifetime `a`\"." +#~ "Read `&'a Point` as \"a borrowed `Point` which is valid for at least the lifetime " +#~ "`a`\"." #~ msgstr "将 `&'a Point` 读取为“借用的 `Point，至少 在 `a\\` 生命周期内有效。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Lifetimes are always inferred by the compiler: you cannot assign a " -#~ "lifetime yourself." +#~ "Lifetimes are always inferred by the compiler: you cannot assign a lifetime yourself." #~ msgstr "生命周期始终由编译器推断出来：你不能自行 分配生命周期。" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "In addition to borrowing its arguments, a function can return a borrowed " -#~ "value:" +#~ msgid "In addition to borrowing its arguments, a function can return a borrowed value:" #~ msgstr "除了借用其参数之外，函数还可以返回借用的值：" #~ msgid "`'a` is a generic parameter, it is inferred by the compiler." @@ -25924,48 +24549,42 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgid "Lifetimes start with `'` and `'a` is a typical default name." #~ msgstr "以 `'` 和 `'a` 开头的生命周期是典型的默认名称。" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "The _at least_ part is important when parameters are in different scopes." +#~ msgid "The _at least_ part is important when parameters are in different scopes." #~ msgstr "当参数在不同的作用域时，“至少”部分至关重要。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Move the declaration of `p2` and `p3` into a new scope (`{ ... }`), " -#~ "resulting in the following code:" +#~ "Move the declaration of `p2` and `p3` into a new scope (`{ ... }`), resulting in the " +#~ "following code:" #~ msgstr "将 `p2` 和 `p3` 的声明移至新作用域 (`{ ... }`)，以产生以下代码：" #~ msgid "Note how this does not compile since `p3` outlives `p2`." #~ msgstr "请注意：由于 `p3` 的生命周期比 `p2` 长，因此无法编译。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Reset the workspace and change the function signature to `fn " -#~ "left_most<'a, 'b>(p1: &'a Point, p2: &'a Point) -> &'b Point`. This will " -#~ "not compile because the relationship between the lifetimes `'a` and `'b` " -#~ "is unclear." +#~ "Reset the workspace and change the function signature to `fn left_most<'a, 'b>(p1: " +#~ "&'a Point, p2: &'a Point) -> &'b Point`. This will not compile because the " +#~ "relationship between the lifetimes `'a` and `'b` is unclear." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "重置工作区，然后将函数签名更改为 `fn left_most<'a, 'b>(p1: &'a Point, p2: " -#~ "&'a Point) -> &'b Point`。这不会被编译，因为 `'a` 和 `'b` 生命周期之间的关" -#~ "系不明确。" +#~ "重置工作区，然后将函数签名更改为 `fn left_most<'a, 'b>(p1: &'a Point, p2: &'a Point) -" +#~ "> &'b Point`。这不会被编译，因为 `'a` 和 `'b` 生命周期之间的关系不明确。" #~ msgid "Another way to explain it:" #~ msgstr "另一种解释方式：" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Two references to two values are borrowed by a function and the function " -#~ "returns another reference." +#~ "Two references to two values are borrowed by a function and the function returns " +#~ "another reference." #~ msgstr "对两个值的两个引用被一个函数借用，该函数返回 另一个引用。" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "It must have come from one of those two inputs (or from a global " -#~ "variable)." +#~ msgid "It must have come from one of those two inputs (or from a global variable)." #~ msgstr "它必须是来自这两个输入中的一个（或来自一个全局变量）。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Which one is it? The compiler needs to know, so at the call site the " -#~ "returned reference is not used for longer than a variable from where the " -#~ "reference came from." +#~ "Which one is it? The compiler needs to know, so at the call site the returned " +#~ "reference is not used for longer than a variable from where the reference came from." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "是哪一个呢？编译器需要知道这一点，因此在调用点，返回的引用 的使用时间不会" -#~ "超过引用的来源中的变量。" +#~ "是哪一个呢？编译器需要知道这一点，因此在调用点，返回的引用 的使用时间不会超过引用的来" +#~ "源中的变量。" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" @@ -25977,8 +24596,7 @@ msgstr "" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" -#~ " let text = String::from(\"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog." -#~ "\");\n" +#~ " let text = String::from(\"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.\");\n" #~ " let fox = Highlight(&text[4..19]);\n" #~ " let dog = Highlight(&text[35..43]);\n" #~ " // erase(text);\n" @@ -25996,8 +24614,7 @@ msgstr "" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" -#~ " let text = String::from(\"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog." -#~ "\");\n" +#~ " let text = String::from(\"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.\");\n" #~ " let fox = Highlight(&text[4..19]);\n" #~ " let dog = Highlight(&text[35..43]);\n" #~ " // erase(text);\n" @@ -26006,82 +24623,71 @@ msgstr "" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "Methods are defined in an `impl` block, which we will see in following " -#~ "slides." +#~ msgid "Methods are defined in an `impl` block, which we will see in following slides." #~ msgstr "方法是在“impl”块中进行定义的，我们将在后面的幻灯片中看到。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "The `new` function could be written using `Self` as a type, as it is " -#~ "interchangeable with the struct type name" -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "在编写“new”函数时可以使用“Self”作为类型，因为它可以与结构体类型名称互换" +#~ "The `new` function could be written using `Self` as a type, as it is interchangeable " +#~ "with the struct type name" +#~ msgstr "在编写“new”函数时可以使用“Self”作为类型，因为它可以与结构体类型名称互换" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Implement the `Default` trait for the struct. Define some fields and use " -#~ "the default values for the other fields." +#~ "Implement the `Default` trait for the struct. Define some fields and use the default " +#~ "values for the other fields." #~ msgstr "为结构体实现“Default”trait。定义一些字段并对其他字段使用默认值。" #~ msgid "Methods are defined in the `impl` block." #~ msgstr "方法是在“impl”块中进行定义的。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Use struct update syntax to define a new structure using `peter`. Note " -#~ "that the variable `peter` will no longer be accessible afterwards." +#~ "Use struct update syntax to define a new structure using `peter`. Note that the " +#~ "variable `peter` will no longer be accessible afterwards." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "使用结构体更新语法以利用“peter”定义一个新结构。请注意，之后将无法再访问变" -#~ "量“peter”。" +#~ "使用结构体更新语法以利用“peter”定义一个新结构。请注意，之后将无法再访问变量“peter”。" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "Use `{:#?}` when printing structs to request the `Debug` representation." +#~ msgid "Use `{:#?}` when printing structs to request the `Debug` representation." #~ msgstr "在输出结构体时，使用“{:#?}”来请求“Debug”表示法。" #~ msgid "We describe the distinction between method receivers next." #~ msgstr "下面，我们将介绍方法接收器之间的区别。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Consider emphasizing \"shared and immutable\" and \"unique and mutable\". " -#~ "These constraints always come together in Rust due to borrow checker " -#~ "rules, and `self` is no exception. It isn't possible to reference a " -#~ "struct from multiple locations and call a mutating (`&mut self`) method " -#~ "on it." +#~ "Consider emphasizing \"shared and immutable\" and \"unique and mutable\". These " +#~ "constraints always come together in Rust due to borrow checker rules, and `self` is " +#~ "no exception. It isn't possible to reference a struct from multiple locations and " +#~ "call a mutating (`&mut self`) method on it." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "建议强调“共享且不可变”和“唯一且可变”。由于借用检查器规则的原因，这些约束" -#~ "在 Rust 中总是一起出现，而“self”也不例外。您无法从多个位置引用结构体并对其" -#~ "调用一项改变（“&mut self”）方法。" +#~ "建议强调“共享且不可变”和“唯一且可变”。由于借用检查器规则的原因，这些约束在 Rust 中总是" +#~ "一起出现，而“self”也不例外。您无法从多个位置引用结构体并对其调用一项改变（“&mut " +#~ "self”）方法。" #~ msgid "All four methods here use a different method receiver." #~ msgstr "这里的所有四种方法都使用一个不同的方法接收器。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "You can point out how that changes what the function can do with the " -#~ "variable values and if/how it can be used again in `main`." +#~ "You can point out how that changes what the function can do with the variable values " +#~ "and if/how it can be used again in `main`." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "您可以指出这会如何改变函数可对变量值采取的操作，以及是否/如何能够" -#~ "在“main”中再次使用该函数。" +#~ "您可以指出这会如何改变函数可对变量值采取的操作，以及是否/如何能够在“main”中再次使用该" +#~ "函数。" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "You can showcase the error that appears when trying to call `finish` " -#~ "twice." +#~ msgid "You can showcase the error that appears when trying to call `finish` twice." #~ msgstr "您可以展示在尝试调用“finish”两次时出现的错误。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Note that although the method receivers are different, the non-static " -#~ "functions are called the same way in the main body. Rust enables " -#~ "automatic referencing and dereferencing when calling methods. Rust " -#~ "automatically adds in the `&`, `*`, `muts` so that that object matches " -#~ "the method signature." +#~ "Note that although the method receivers are different, the non-static functions are " +#~ "called the same way in the main body. Rust enables automatic referencing and " +#~ "dereferencing when calling methods. Rust automatically adds in the `&`, `*`, `muts` " +#~ "so that that object matches the method signature." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "请注意，尽管方法接收器不同，但是非静态函数在 main 函数体中的调用方式相同。" -#~ "Rust 支持在调用方法时自动引用和解引用，并会自动加入“&”“\\*”和“muts”以便该" -#~ "对象与方法签名匹配。" +#~ "请注意，尽管方法接收器不同，但是非静态函数在 main 函数体中的调用方式相同。Rust 支持在" +#~ "调用方法时自动引用和解引用，并会自动加入“&”“\\*”和“muts”以便该对象与方法签名匹配。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "You might point out that `print_laps` is using a vector that is iterated " -#~ "over. We describe vectors in more detail in the afternoon. " +#~ "You might point out that `print_laps` is using a vector that is iterated over. We " +#~ "describe vectors in more detail in the afternoon. " #~ msgstr "" -#~ "您或许可以指出 `print_laps` 使用的是不断迭代的vector。我们将在下午详细说明" -#~ "这些vector。" +#~ "您或许可以指出 `print_laps` 使用的是不断迭代的vector。我们将在下午详细说明这些vector。" #~ msgid "Day 2: Morning Exercises" #~ msgstr "第二天上午习题" @@ -26097,8 +24703,8 @@ msgstr "" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" -#~ "We will learn much more about structs and the `Vec` type tomorrow. For " -#~ "now, you just need to know part of its API:" +#~ "We will learn much more about structs and the `Vec` type tomorrow. For now, you " +#~ "just need to know part of its API:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "我们明天会更详细地介绍结构体和“Vec\n" #~ "\n" @@ -26106,38 +24712,34 @@ msgstr "" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" -#~ "Use this to model a library's book collection. Copy the code below to " -#~ " and update the types to make it compile:" +#~ "Use this to model a library's book collection. Copy the code below to and update the types to make it compile:" #~ msgstr "将下面的代码复制到 并实现上述函数：" #~ msgid "The common vocabulary types include:" #~ msgstr "常见的词汇类型包括：" #~ msgid "" -#~ "[`Option` and `Result`](std/option-result.md) types: used for optional " -#~ "values and [error handling](error-handling.md)." +#~ "[`Option` and `Result`](std/option-result.md) types: used for optional values and " +#~ "[error handling](error-handling.md)." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "[`Option` 和 `Result`](std/option-result.md) 类型：用于可选值和 [错误处理]" -#~ "(error-handling.md)。" +#~ "[`Option` 和 `Result`](std/option-result.md) 类型：用于可选值和 [错误处理](error-" +#~ "handling.md)。" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "[`String`](std/string.md): the default string type used for owned data." +#~ msgid "[`String`](std/string.md): the default string type used for owned data." #~ msgstr "[`String`](std/string.md)：用于自有数据的默认字符串类型。" #~ msgid "[`Vec`](std/vec.md): a standard extensible vector." #~ msgstr "[`Vec`](std/vec.md)：标准的可扩展矢量。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "[`HashMap`](std/hashmap.md): a hash map type with a configurable hashing " -#~ "algorithm." +#~ "[`HashMap`](std/hashmap.md): a hash map type with a configurable hashing algorithm." #~ msgstr "[`HashMap`](std/hashmap.md)：采用可配置哈希算法的哈希映射 类型。" #~ msgid "[`Box`](std/box.md): an owned pointer for heap-allocated data." #~ msgstr "[`Box`](std/box.md)：适用于堆分配数据的自有指针。" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "[`Rc`](std/rc.md): a shared reference-counted pointer for heap-allocated " -#~ "data." +#~ msgid "[`Rc`](std/rc.md): a shared reference-counted pointer for heap-allocated data." #~ msgstr "[`Rc`](std/rc.md)：适用于堆分配数据的共享引用计数指针。" #~ msgid "`Option` and `Result`" @@ -26174,15 +24776,13 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgstr "相较于 `&T`，`Option<&T>` 的空间开销为零。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Show iterating over a vector and mutating the value: `for e in &mut v " -#~ "{ *e += 50; }`" +#~ "Show iterating over a vector and mutating the value: `for e in &mut v { *e += 50; }`" #~ msgstr "介绍如何迭代矢量并更改它的值：“for e in &mut v { \\*e += 50; }”" #~ msgid "" -#~ "In the above example, you can even leave out the `*` in the `println!` " -#~ "statement thanks to `Deref`. " -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "在上面的示例中，因为有 `Deref`，您甚至可以在 `println!` 语句中省略 `*`。" +#~ "In the above example, you can even leave out the `*` in the `println!` statement " +#~ "thanks to `Deref`. " +#~ msgstr "在上面的示例中，因为有 `Deref`，您甚至可以在 `println!` 语句中省略 `*`。" #~ msgid "Box with Recursive Data Structures" #~ msgstr "包含递归数据结构的 Box" @@ -26190,27 +24790,24 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgid "Day 2: Afternoon Exercises" #~ msgstr "第二天下午习题" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "The exercises for this afternoon will focus on strings and iterators." +#~ msgid "The exercises for this afternoon will focus on strings and iterators." #~ msgstr "今天下午的习题将重点关注字符串（string）和迭代器（iterator）。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "The ownership model of Rust affects many APIs. An example of this is the " -#~ "[`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html) and " -#~ "[`IntoIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.IntoIterator." -#~ "html) traits." +#~ "The ownership model of Rust affects many APIs. An example of this is the [`Iterator`]" +#~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html) and [`IntoIterator`](https://" +#~ "doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.IntoIterator.html) traits." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "Rust 的所有权模式会影响许多 API。例如，[“Iterator”](https://doc.rust-lang." -#~ "org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html)和[“IntoIterator”](https://doc.rust-lang." -#~ "org/std/iter/trait.IntoIterator.html) trait。" +#~ "Rust 的所有权模式会影响许多 API。例如，[“Iterator”](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" +#~ "iter/trait.Iterator.html)和[“IntoIterator”](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait." +#~ "IntoIterator.html) trait。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Traits are like interfaces: they describe behavior (methods) for a type. " -#~ "The `Iterator` trait simply says that you can call `next` until you get " -#~ "`None` back:" +#~ "Traits are like interfaces: they describe behavior (methods) for a type. The " +#~ "`Iterator` trait simply says that you can call `next` until you get `None` back:" #~ msgstr "" -#~ "trait 类似于接口：它们描述某类型的行为（方法）。`Iterator` trait 只是告知" -#~ "您可以调用 `next`，直到返回 `None`：" +#~ "trait 类似于接口：它们描述某类型的行为（方法）。`Iterator` trait 只是告知您可以调用 " +#~ "`next`，直到返回 `None`：" #~ msgid "You use this trait like this:" #~ msgstr "您可以按如下方式使用此 trait：" @@ -26225,55 +24822,49 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgstr "和之前一样，迭代器返回的类型是什么？" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Now that we know both `Iterator` and `IntoIterator`, we can build `for` " -#~ "loops. They call `into_iter()` on an expression and iterates over the " -#~ "resulting iterator:" +#~ "Now that we know both `Iterator` and `IntoIterator`, we can build `for` loops. They " +#~ "call `into_iter()` on an expression and iterates over the resulting iterator:" #~ msgstr "" -#~ "现在，我们已了解了“Iterator”和“IntoIterator”，接下来可以构建“for”循环了。" -#~ "它们会针对表达式调用“into_iter()”，并对生成的迭代器进行迭代：" +#~ "现在，我们已了解了“Iterator”和“IntoIterator”，接下来可以构建“for”循环了。它们会针对表" +#~ "达式调用“into_iter()”，并对生成的迭代器进行迭代：" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" -#~ "Experiment with the code above and then consult the documentation for " -#~ "[`impl IntoIterator for &Vec`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/" -#~ "struct.Vec.html#impl-IntoIterator-for-%26'a+Vec%3CT,+A%3E) and [`impl " -#~ "IntoIterator for Vec`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec." -#~ "html#impl-IntoIterator-for-Vec%3CT,+A%3E) to check your answers." +#~ "Experiment with the code above and then consult the documentation for [`impl " +#~ "IntoIterator for &Vec`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html#impl-" +#~ "IntoIterator-for-%26'a+Vec%3CT,+A%3E) and [`impl IntoIterator for Vec`](https://" +#~ "doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html#impl-IntoIterator-for-Vec%3CT,+A%3E) to " +#~ "check your answers." #~ msgstr "" #~ "使用上方代码进行实验，然后参阅[“impl IntoIterator for &Vec\n" #~ "\n" -#~ "”](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html#impl-IntoIterator-" -#~ "for-%26'a+Vec%3CT,+A%3E)和[“impl IntoIterator for Vec\n" +#~ "”](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html#impl-IntoIterator-for-" +#~ "%26'a+Vec%3CT,+A%3E)和[“impl IntoIterator for Vec\n" #~ "\n" -#~ "”](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html#impl-IntoIterator-" -#~ "for-Vec%3CT,+A%3E)的相关文档来检查您的答案。" +#~ "”](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html#impl-IntoIterator-for-Vec%3CT," +#~ "+A%3E)的相关文档来检查您的答案。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "In this exercise, you are implementing a routing component of a web " -#~ "server. The server is configured with a number of _path prefixes_ which " -#~ "are matched against _request paths_. The path prefixes can contain a " -#~ "wildcard character which matches a full segment. See the unit tests below." +#~ "In this exercise, you are implementing a routing component of a web server. The " +#~ "server is configured with a number of _path prefixes_ which are matched against " +#~ "_request paths_. The path prefixes can contain a wildcard character which matches a " +#~ "full segment. See the unit tests below." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "在本练习中，您将实现 Web 服务器的路由组件。服务器配置有多个路径前缀，这些" -#~ "前缀与请求路径匹配。路径前缀可以包含与完整段匹配的通配符。请参阅下面的单元" -#~ "测试。" +#~ "在本练习中，您将实现 Web 服务器的路由组件。服务器配置有多个路径前缀，这些前缀与请求路" +#~ "径匹配。路径前缀可以包含与完整段匹配的通配符。请参阅下面的单元测试。" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "Traits: deriving traits, default methods, and important standard library " -#~ "traits." +#~ msgid "Traits: deriving traits, default methods, and important standard library traits." #~ msgstr "trait：派生 trait、默认方法和重要的标准库 trait。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Generics: generic data types, generic methods, monomorphization, and " -#~ "trait objects." +#~ "Generics: generic data types, generic methods, monomorphization, and trait objects." #~ msgstr "泛型：泛型数据类型、泛型方法、单态化和 trait 对象。" #~ msgid "Testing: unit tests, documentation tests, and integration tests." #~ msgstr "测试：单元测试、文档测试和集成测试。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Unsafe Rust: raw pointers, static variables, unsafe functions, and extern " -#~ "functions." +#~ "Unsafe Rust: raw pointers, static variables, unsafe functions, and extern functions." #~ msgstr "不安全 Rust：原始指针、静态变量、不安全函数和外部函数。" #~ msgid "Try declaring a new variable `let p = Point { x: 5, y: 10.0 };`." @@ -26285,16 +24876,15 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgid "You can declare a generic type on your `impl` block:" #~ msgstr "您可以在 `impl` 块中声明通用类型：" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "Generic code is turned into non-generic code based on the call sites:" +#~ msgid "Generic code is turned into non-generic code based on the call sites:" #~ msgstr "泛型代码根据调用位置转换为非泛型代码：" #~ msgid "behaves as if you wrote" #~ msgstr "具体行为与您所编写的一样" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Rust derive macros work by automatically generating code that implements " -#~ "the specified traits for a data structure." +#~ "Rust derive macros work by automatically generating code that implements the " +#~ "specified traits for a data structure." #~ msgstr "Rust 派生宏的运作方式是自动生成代码，用于实现数据结构的指定 trait。" #, fuzzy @@ -26314,72 +24904,66 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgstr "为“Equals”提供“NotEquals”的通用实现。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "With the blanket implementation, you no longer need `Equals` as a super " -#~ "trait for `NotEqual`." +#~ "With the blanket implementation, you no longer need `Equals` as a super trait for " +#~ "`NotEqual`." #~ msgstr "借助通用实现，您不再需要将“Equals”作为“NotEqual”的超 trait。" #~ msgid "`impl Trait` allows you to work with types which you cannot name." #~ msgstr "`impl Trait` 让您可使用无法命名的类型。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "This example is great, because it uses `impl Display` twice. It helps to " -#~ "explain that nothing here enforces that it is _the same_ `impl Display` " -#~ "type. If we used a single `T: Display`, it would enforce the constraint " -#~ "that input `T` and return `T` type are the same type. It would not work " -#~ "for this particular function, as the type we expect as input is likely " -#~ "not what `format!` returns. If we wanted to do the same via `: Display` " -#~ "syntax, we'd need two independent generic parameters." +#~ "This example is great, because it uses `impl Display` twice. It helps to explain that " +#~ "nothing here enforces that it is _the same_ `impl Display` type. If we used a single " +#~ "`T: Display`, it would enforce the constraint that input `T` and return `T` type are " +#~ "the same type. It would not work for this particular function, as the type we expect " +#~ "as input is likely not what `format!` returns. If we wanted to do the same via `: " +#~ "Display` syntax, we'd need two independent generic parameters." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "这是一个非常棒的示例，因为它使用了两次 `impl Display`。这有助于说明 此处没" -#~ "有任何项目会强制使用相同的 `impl Display` 类型。如果我们使用单个 `T: " -#~ "Display`，它会强制限制输入 `T` 和返回 `T` 均为同一类型。 这并不适用于这个" -#~ "特定函数，因为我们预期作为输入的类型可能 不会是 `format!` 返回的值。如果我" -#~ "们希望通过 `: Display` 语法执行相同的操作，则需要两个 独立的泛型形参。" +#~ "这是一个非常棒的示例，因为它使用了两次 `impl Display`。这有助于说明 此处没有任何项目会" +#~ "强制使用相同的 `impl Display` 类型。如果我们使用单个 `T: Display`，它会强制限制输入 " +#~ "`T` 和返回 `T` 均为同一类型。 这并不适用于这个特定函数，因为我们预期作为输入的类型可" +#~ "能 不会是 `format!` 返回的值。如果我们希望通过 `: Display` 语法执行相同的操作，则需要" +#~ "两个 独立的泛型形参。" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "We will now look at some of the most common traits of the Rust standard " -#~ "library:" +#~ msgid "We will now look at some of the most common traits of the Rust standard library:" #~ msgstr "现在，我们来看看 Rust 标准库的一些最常见的特征：" #~ msgid "" #~ "[`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html) and " -#~ "[`IntoIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.IntoIterator." -#~ "html) used in `for` loops," +#~ "[`IntoIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.IntoIterator.html) used in " +#~ "`for` loops," #~ msgstr "" #~ "[`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html) 和 " -#~ "[`IntoIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.IntoIterator." -#~ "html) 用于 `for` 循环中，" +#~ "[`IntoIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.IntoIterator.html) 用于 " +#~ "`for` 循环中，" #~ msgid "" -#~ "[`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) and " -#~ "[`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) used to " -#~ "convert values," +#~ "[`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) and [`Into`](https://" +#~ "doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) used to convert values," #~ msgstr "" -#~ "[`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) 和 " -#~ "[`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) 用于转换" -#~ "值，" +#~ "[`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) 和 [`Into`](https://" +#~ "doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) 用于转换值，" #~ msgid "" -#~ "[`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) and [`Write`]" -#~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Write.html) used for IO," +#~ "[`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) and [`Write`](https://doc." +#~ "rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Write.html) used for IO," #~ msgstr "" -#~ "[`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) 和 [`Write`]" -#~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Write.html) 用于实现 IO。" +#~ "[`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) 和 [`Write`](https://doc." +#~ "rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Write.html) 用于实现 IO。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "[`Add`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Add.html), [`Mul`]" -#~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Mul.html), ... used for operator " -#~ "overloading, and" +#~ "[`Add`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Add.html), [`Mul`](https://doc.rust-" +#~ "lang.org/std/ops/trait.Mul.html), ... used for operator overloading, and" #~ msgstr "" -#~ "[`Add`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Add.html)、[`Mul`]" -#~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Mul.html) 等用于实现运算符重载，" +#~ "[`Add`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Add.html)、[`Mul`](https://doc.rust-" +#~ "lang.org/std/ops/trait.Mul.html) 等用于实现运算符重载，" #~ msgid "" -#~ "[`Default`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/default/trait.Default.html) " -#~ "used to construct a default instance of a type." +#~ "[`Default`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/default/trait.Default.html) used to " +#~ "construct a default instance of a type." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "[`Default`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/default/trait.Default.html) 用于" -#~ "构建相应类型的默认实例。" +#~ "[`Default`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/default/trait.Default.html) 用于构建相应类型" +#~ "的默认实例。" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" @@ -26406,11 +24990,11 @@ msgstr "" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" -#~ "`Iterator` implements `fn collect(self) -> B where B: " -#~ "FromIterator, Self: Sized`" +#~ "`Iterator` implements `fn collect(self) -> B where B: FromIterator, " +#~ "Self: Sized`" #~ msgstr "" -#~ "`Iterator` 会实现 `fn collect(self) -> B where B: FromIterator, Self: Sized`" +#~ "`Iterator` 会实现 `fn collect(self) -> B where B: FromIterator, Self: " +#~ "Sized`" #~ msgid "`Add`, `Mul`, ..." #~ msgstr "` Add`Mul \\``…" @@ -26418,13 +25002,11 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgid "Day 3: Morning Exercises" #~ msgstr "第 3 天：上午练习" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "We will design a classical GUI library using traits and trait objects." +#~ msgid "We will design a classical GUI library using traits and trait objects." #~ msgstr "我们将使用 trait 和 trait 对象设计一个经典的 GUI 库。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "We will also look at enum dispatch with an exercise involving points and " -#~ "polygons." +#~ "We will also look at enum dispatch with an exercise involving points and polygons." #~ msgstr "我们还将通过点和多边形的相关练习，探讨枚举调度情况。" #, fuzzy @@ -26435,36 +25017,32 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgstr "多边形结构体" #~ msgid "" -#~ "We will create a `Polygon` struct which contain some points. Copy the " -#~ "code below to and fill in the missing " -#~ "methods to make the tests pass:" +#~ "We will create a `Polygon` struct which contain some points. Copy the code below to " +#~ " and fill in the missing methods to make the tests pass:" #~ msgstr "" -#~ "我们将创建一个包含一些点的“Polygon”结构体。将以下代码复制到 ，然后填入缺少的方法，设法通过测试：" +#~ "我们将创建一个包含一些点的“Polygon”结构体。将以下代码复制到 ，然后填入缺少的方法，设法通过测试：" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Since the method signatures are missing from the problem statements, the " -#~ "key part of the exercise is to specify those correctly. You don't have to " -#~ "modify the tests." +#~ "Since the method signatures are missing from the problem statements, the key part of " +#~ "the exercise is to specify those correctly. You don't have to modify the tests." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "由于问题语句中缺少方法签名，因此练习的关键部分是正确指定这些内容。您无需修" -#~ "改测试。" +#~ "由于问题语句中缺少方法签名，因此练习的关键部分是正确指定这些内容。您无需修改测试。" #~ msgid "Other interesting parts of the exercise:" #~ msgstr "练习的其他有趣部分：" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Derive a `Copy` trait for some structs, as in tests the methods sometimes " -#~ "don't borrow their arguments." -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "为某些结构体派生“Copy”trait，因为在测试中，方法有时不借用它们的参数。" +#~ "Derive a `Copy` trait for some structs, as in tests the methods sometimes don't " +#~ "borrow their arguments." +#~ msgstr "为某些结构体派生“Copy”trait，因为在测试中，方法有时不借用它们的参数。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Discover that `Add` trait must be implemented for two objects to be " -#~ "addable via \"+\". Note that we do not discuss generics until Day 3." +#~ "Discover that `Add` trait must be implemented for two objects to be addable via \"+" +#~ "\". Note that we do not discuss generics until Day 3." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "发现必须实现“Add”trait 才能通过“+”添加两个对象。请注意，我们在第 3 天之前" -#~ "不会讨论泛型。" +#~ "发现必须实现“Add”trait 才能通过“+”添加两个对象。请注意，我们在第 3 天之前不会讨论泛" +#~ "型。" #~ msgid "Error handling in Rust is done using explicit control flow:" #~ msgstr "Rust 中的错误处理是使用显式控制流来进行的：" @@ -26479,33 +25057,31 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgstr "捕获堆栈展开" #~ msgid "" -#~ "We have already seen the `Result` enum. This is used pervasively when " -#~ "errors are expected as part of normal operation:" +#~ "We have already seen the `Result` enum. This is used pervasively when errors are " +#~ "expected as part of normal operation:" #~ msgstr "" -#~ "在前面，我们看到了 `Result` 枚举。在遇到正常操作产生的预期错误时， 我们常" -#~ "会用到此方法：" +#~ "在前面，我们看到了 `Result` 枚举。在遇到正常操作产生的预期错误时， 我们常会用到此方" +#~ "法：" #~ msgid "Propagating Errors with `?`" #~ msgstr "使用 `?` 传播错误" #~ msgid "" -#~ "The try-operator `?` is used to return errors to the caller. It lets you " -#~ "turn the common" +#~ "The try-operator `?` is used to return errors to the caller. It lets you turn the " +#~ "common" #~ msgstr "try 操作符 `?` 用于将错误返回给调用方。它能把常用命令" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" -#~ "The return type of the function has to be compatible with the nested " -#~ "functions it calls. For instance, a function returning a `Result` " -#~ "can only apply the `?` operator on a function returning a `Result`. It cannot apply the `?` operator on a function returning an " -#~ "`Option` or `Result` unless `OtherErr` implements " -#~ "`From`. Reciprocally, a function returning an `Option` can only " -#~ "apply the `?` operator on a function returning an `Option`." +#~ "The return type of the function has to be compatible with the nested functions it " +#~ "calls. For instance, a function returning a `Result` can only apply the `?` " +#~ "operator on a function returning a `Result`. It cannot apply the `?` " +#~ "operator on a function returning an `Option` or `Result` unless " +#~ "`OtherErr` implements `From`. Reciprocally, a function returning an `Option` " +#~ "can only apply the `?` operator on a function returning an `Option`." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "函数的返回值类型必须与其调用的嵌套函数兼容。例如，一个返回“Result\\”的函数只能对返回“Result\\”的函数应用“?”运算符。它无法对返" -#~ "回“Option\n" +#~ "函数的返回值类型必须与其调用的嵌套函数兼容。例如，一个返回“Result\\”的函数只能" +#~ "对返回“Result\\”的函数应用“?”运算符。它无法对返回“Option\n" #~ "\n" #~ "”或“Result\\”的函数应用“?”运算符，除非“OtherErr”实现“From\n" #~ "\n" @@ -26516,64 +25092,58 @@ msgstr "" #~ "”的函数应用“?”运算符。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "You can convert incompatible types into one another with the different " -#~ "`Option` and `Result` methods such as `Option::ok_or`, `Result::ok`, " -#~ "`Result::err`." +#~ "You can convert incompatible types into one another with the different `Option` and " +#~ "`Result` methods such as `Option::ok_or`, `Result::ok`, `Result::err`." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "您可以使用其他“Option”和“Result”方法（例如“Option::ok_or”“Result::" -#~ "ok”“Result::err”）将不兼容的类型转换为另一种类型。" +#~ "您可以使用其他“Option”和“Result”方法（例如“Option::ok_or”“Result::ok”“Result::err”）将" +#~ "不兼容的类型转换为另一种类型。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "It is good practice for all error types that don't need to be `no_std` to " -#~ "implement `std::error::Error`, which requires `Debug` and `Display`. The " -#~ "`Error` crate for `core` is only available in [nightly](https://github." -#~ "com/rust-lang/rust/issues/103765), so not fully `no_std` compatible yet." +#~ "It is good practice for all error types that don't need to be `no_std` to implement " +#~ "`std::error::Error`, which requires `Debug` and `Display`. The `Error` crate for " +#~ "`core` is only available in [nightly](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/" +#~ "issues/103765), so not fully `no_std` compatible yet." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "对所有不需要是“no_std”的错误类型来说，实现“std::error::Error”是一种很好的" -#~ "做法，而这需要“Debug”和“Display”。“core”的“Error”crate 仅在 [nightly]" -#~ "(https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/103765) 提供，因此尚未" -#~ "与“no_std”完全兼容。" +#~ "对所有不需要是“no_std”的错误类型来说，实现“std::error::Error”是一种很好的做法，而这需" +#~ "要“Debug”和“Display”。“core”的“Error”crate 仅在 [nightly](https://github.com/rust-" +#~ "lang/rust/issues/103765) 提供，因此尚未与“no_std”完全兼容。" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" -#~ "It's generally helpful for them to implement `Clone` and `Eq` too where " -#~ "possible, to make life easier for tests and consumers of your library. In " -#~ "this case we can't easily do so, because `io::Error` doesn't implement " -#~ "them." +#~ "It's generally helpful for them to implement `Clone` and `Eq` too where possible, to " +#~ "make life easier for tests and consumers of your library. In this case we can't " +#~ "easily do so, because `io::Error` doesn't implement them." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "对所有错误类型实现 `std::error::Error` 是一种很好的做法，而这需要结合使用 " -#~ "`Debug` 和 `Display` 方法。 通常，在可能的情况下实现 `Clone` 和 `Eq` 也十" -#~ "分有益， 可以让库的测试和使用变得更加简单。在本例中，我们无法轻松做到这一" -#~ "点， 因为 `io::Error` 不能实现这些方法。" +#~ "对所有错误类型实现 `std::error::Error` 是一种很好的做法，而这需要结合使用 `Debug` 和 " +#~ "`Display` 方法。 通常，在可能的情况下实现 `Clone` 和 `Eq` 也十分有益， 可以让库的测试" +#~ "和使用变得更加简单。在本例中，我们无法轻松做到这一点， 因为 `io::Error` 不能实现这些方" +#~ "法。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "The [thiserror](https://docs.rs/thiserror/) crate is a popular way to " -#~ "create an error enum like we did on the previous page:" +#~ "The [thiserror](https://docs.rs/thiserror/) crate is a popular way to create an error " +#~ "enum like we did on the previous page:" #~ msgstr "" -#~ "[thiserror](https://docs.rs/thiserror/) crate 是创建错误枚举的常用方法， " -#~ "就像前一页中提供的示例一样：" +#~ "[thiserror](https://docs.rs/thiserror/) crate 是创建错误枚举的常用方法， 就像前一页中" +#~ "提供的示例一样：" #~ msgid "" -#~ "`thiserror`'s derive macro automatically implements `std::error::Error`, " -#~ "and optionally `Display` (if the `#[error(...)]` attributes are provided) " -#~ "and `From` (if the `#[from]` attribute is added). It also works for " -#~ "structs." +#~ "`thiserror`'s derive macro automatically implements `std::error::Error`, and " +#~ "optionally `Display` (if the `#[error(...)]` attributes are provided) and `From` (if " +#~ "the `#[from]` attribute is added). It also works for structs." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "`thiserror` 的派生宏会自动实现 `std::error::Error`，并且可以选择性地实现 " -#~ "`Display` （如果提供了 `#[error(...)]` 属性）和 `From`（如果添加了 " -#~ "`#[from]` 属性）。 此规则也适用于结构体。" +#~ "`thiserror` 的派生宏会自动实现 `std::error::Error`，并且可以选择性地实现 `Display` " +#~ "（如果提供了 `#[error(...)]` 属性）和 `From`（如果添加了 `#[from]` 属性）。 此规则也适" +#~ "用于结构体。" -#~ msgid "" -#~ "It doesn't affect your public API, which makes it good for libraries." +#~ msgid "It doesn't affect your public API, which makes it good for libraries." #~ msgstr "但是，此规则不会影响公共 API，对于库而言，这非常理想。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "The widely used [anyhow](https://docs.rs/anyhow/) crate can help you add " -#~ "contextual information to your errors and allows you to have fewer custom " -#~ "error types:" +#~ "The widely used [anyhow](https://docs.rs/anyhow/) crate can help you add contextual " +#~ "information to your errors and allows you to have fewer custom error types:" #~ msgstr "" -#~ "广泛使用的 [anyhow](https://docs.rs/anyhow/) crate 可以帮助我们为错误添加 " -#~ "背景信息，并减少自定义错误类型的 数量。" +#~ "广泛使用的 [anyhow](https://docs.rs/anyhow/) crate 可以帮助我们为错误添加 背景信息，并" +#~ "减少自定义错误类型的 数量。" #~ msgid "Mark unit tests with `#[test]`:" #~ msgstr "使用 `#[test]` 标记单元测试：" @@ -26582,11 +25152,11 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgstr "使用 `cargo test` 查找并运行单元测试。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Unit tests are often put in a nested module (run tests on the [Playground]" -#~ "(https://play.rust-lang.org/)):" +#~ "Unit tests are often put in a nested module (run tests on the [Playground](https://" +#~ "play.rust-lang.org/)):" #~ msgstr "" -#~ "单元测试通常会放在嵌套模块中（在 [Playground](https://play.rust-lang." -#~ "org/) 上运行测试）：" +#~ "单元测试通常会放在嵌套模块中（在 [Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/) 上运行测" +#~ "试）：" #~ msgid "Useful crates for writing tests" #~ msgstr "用于编写测试的实用 crate" @@ -26595,10 +25165,9 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgstr "调用外部代码" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Functions from other languages might violate the guarantees of Rust. " -#~ "Calling them is thus unsafe:" -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "基于其他语言的函数可能会违反 Rust 的保证。因此， 调用这类函数是不安全的：" +#~ "Functions from other languages might violate the guarantees of Rust. Calling them is " +#~ "thus unsafe:" +#~ msgstr "基于其他语言的函数可能会违反 Rust 的保证。因此， 调用这类函数是不安全的：" #~ msgid "Day 3: Afternoon Exercises" #~ msgstr "第 3 天：下午练习" @@ -26607,22 +25176,20 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgstr "让我们构建一个用于读取目录内容的安全封装容器！" #~ msgid "" -#~ "For this exercise, we suggest using a local dev environment instead of " -#~ "the Playground. This will allow you to run your binary on your own " -#~ "machine." +#~ "For this exercise, we suggest using a local dev environment instead of the " +#~ "Playground. This will allow you to run your binary on your own machine." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "在本练习中，我们建议您使用本地开发环境，而不是 Playground。这样，您就可以" -#~ "在自己的机器上运行二进制文件。" +#~ "在本练习中，我们建议您使用本地开发环境，而不是 Playground。这样，您就可以在自己的机器" +#~ "上运行二进制文件。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "To get started, follow the [running locally](../../cargo/running-locally." -#~ "md) instructions." -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "首先，请按照[在本地运行](../../cargo/running-locally.md)中的说明操作。" +#~ "To get started, follow the [running locally](../../cargo/running-locally.md) " +#~ "instructions." +#~ msgstr "首先，请按照[在本地运行](../../cargo/running-locally.md)中的说明操作。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "After looking at the exercise, you can look at the [solution](solutions-" -#~ "afternoon.md) provided." +#~ "After looking at the exercise, you can look at the [solution](solutions-afternoon.md) " +#~ "provided." #~ msgstr "看过练习后，您可以查看所提供的[解题方法](solutions-afternoon.md)。" #~ msgid "" @@ -26784,11 +25351,9 @@ msgstr "" #~ "impl binder::Interface for BirthdayService {}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl IBirthdayService for BirthdayService {\n" -#~ " fn wishHappyBirthday(&self, name: &str, years: i32) -> binder::" -#~ "Result {\n" +#~ " fn wishHappyBirthday(&self, name: &str, years: i32) -> binder::Result {\n" #~ " Ok(format!(\n" -#~ " \"Happy Birthday {name}, congratulations with the {years} " -#~ "years!\"\n" +#~ " \"Happy Birthday {name}, congratulations with the {years} years!\"\n" #~ " ))\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" @@ -26806,11 +25371,9 @@ msgstr "" #~ "impl binder::Interface for BirthdayService {}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl IBirthdayService for BirthdayService {\n" -#~ " fn wishHappyBirthday(&self, name: &str, years: i32) -> binder::" -#~ "Result {\n" +#~ " fn wishHappyBirthday(&self, name: &str, years: i32) -> binder::Result {\n" #~ " Ok(format!(\n" -#~ " \"Happy Birthday {name}, congratulations with the {years} " -#~ "years!\"\n" +#~ " \"Happy Birthday {name}, congratulations with the {years} years!\"\n" #~ " ))\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" @@ -26858,8 +25421,7 @@ msgstr "" #~ " birthday_service,\n" #~ " binder::BinderFeatures::default(),\n" #~ " );\n" -#~ " binder::add_service(SERVICE_IDENTIFIER, birthday_service_binder." -#~ "as_binder())\n" +#~ " binder::add_service(SERVICE_IDENTIFIER, birthday_service_binder.as_binder())\n" #~ " .expect(\"Failed to register service\");\n" #~ " binder::ProcessState::join_thread_pool()\n" #~ "}\n" @@ -26881,8 +25443,7 @@ msgstr "" #~ " birthday_service,\n" #~ " binder::BinderFeatures::default(),\n" #~ " );\n" -#~ " binder::add_service(SERVICE_IDENTIFIER, birthday_service_binder." -#~ "as_binder())\n" +#~ " binder::add_service(SERVICE_IDENTIFIER, birthday_service_binder.as_binder())\n" #~ " .expect(\"Failed to register service\");\n" #~ " binder::ProcessState::join_thread_pool()\n" #~ "}\n" @@ -26927,8 +25488,8 @@ msgstr "" #~ "const SERVICE_IDENTIFIER: &str = \"birthdayservice\";\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Connect to the BirthdayService.\n" -#~ "pub fn connect() -> Result, binder::" -#~ "StatusCode> {\n" +#~ "pub fn connect() -> Result, binder::StatusCode> " +#~ "{\n" #~ " binder::get_interface(SERVICE_IDENTIFIER)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" @@ -26943,8 +25504,7 @@ msgstr "" #~ " .unwrap_or(42);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " binder::ProcessState::start_thread_pool();\n" -#~ " let service = connect().expect(\"Failed to connect to " -#~ "BirthdayService\");\n" +#~ " let service = connect().expect(\"Failed to connect to BirthdayService\");\n" #~ " let msg = service.wishHappyBirthday(&name, years)?;\n" #~ " println!(\"{msg}\");\n" #~ " Ok(())\n" @@ -26960,8 +25520,8 @@ msgstr "" #~ "const SERVICE_IDENTIFIER: &str = \"birthdayservice\";\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// 连接到 BirthdayService。\n" -#~ "pub fn connect() -> Result, binder::" -#~ "StatusCode> {\n" +#~ "pub fn connect() -> Result, binder::StatusCode> " +#~ "{\n" #~ " binder::get_interface(SERVICE_IDENTIFIER)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" @@ -26976,8 +25536,7 @@ msgstr "" #~ " .unwrap_or(42);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " binder::ProcessState::start_thread_pool();\n" -#~ " let service = connect().expect(\"Failed to connect to " -#~ "BirthdayService\");\n" +#~ " let service = connect().expect(\"Failed to connect to BirthdayService\");\n" #~ " let msg = service.wishHappyBirthday(&name, years)?;\n" #~ " println!(\"{msg}\");\n" #~ " Ok(())\n" @@ -27356,35 +25915,33 @@ msgstr "" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" -#~ "At this point, the instructor should switch to the [CXX tutorial](https://" -#~ "cxx.rs/tutorial.html)." -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "此时，讲师应该该切换到 [CXX tutorial](https://cxx.rs/tutorial.html)。" +#~ "At this point, the instructor should switch to the [CXX tutorial](https://cxx.rs/" +#~ "tutorial.html)." +#~ msgstr "此时，讲师应该该切换到 [CXX tutorial](https://cxx.rs/tutorial.html)。" #~ msgid "Walk the students through the tutorial step by step." #~ msgstr "逐步引导学生按照教程一步步操作。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Highlight how CXX presents a clean interface without unsafe code in _both " -#~ "languages_." +#~ "Highlight how CXX presents a clean interface without unsafe code in _both languages_." #~ msgstr "突出展示 CXX 在 _两种语言_ 中都提供了一个没有不安全代码的干净接口。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Explain how a Rust `String` cannot map to a C++ `std::string` (the latter " -#~ "does not uphold the UTF-8 invariant). Show that despite being different " -#~ "types, `rust::String` in C++ can be easily constructed from a C++ `std::" -#~ "string`, making it very ergonomic to use." +#~ "Explain how a Rust `String` cannot map to a C++ `std::string` (the latter does not " +#~ "uphold the UTF-8 invariant). Show that despite being different types, `rust::String` " +#~ "in C++ can be easily constructed from a C++ `std::string`, making it very ergonomic " +#~ "to use." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "解释 Rust 的 `String` 无法直接映射到 C++ 的 `std::string `（后者不符合" -#~ "UTF-8不变性）。展示尽管类型不同，但在 C++ 中，可以很容易地从 C++ 的 `std::" -#~ "string` 构造 `rust::String` ，使得使用起来非常方便。" +#~ "解释 Rust 的 `String` 无法直接映射到 C++ 的 `std::string `（后者不符合UTF-8不变性）。" +#~ "展示尽管类型不同，但在 C++ 中，可以很容易地从 C++ 的 `std::string` 构造 `rust::" +#~ "String` ，使得使用起来非常方便。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Explain that a Rust function returning `Result` becomes a function " -#~ "which throws a `E` exception in C++ (and vice versa)." +#~ "Explain that a Rust function returning `Result` becomes a function which throws " +#~ "a `E` exception in C++ (and vice versa)." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "解释 Rust 中返回 `Result ` 的函数在 C++ 中会变成抛出 `E` 异常的函数" -#~ "（反之亦然）。" +#~ "解释 Rust 中返回 `Result ` 的函数在 C++ 中会变成抛出 `E` 异常的函数（反之亦" +#~ "然）。" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" @@ -27991,13 +26548,12 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgstr "您将在下面的页面找到练习的解答。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Feel free to ask questions about the solutions [on GitHub](https://github." -#~ "com/google/comprehensive-rust/discussions). Let us know if you have a " -#~ "different or better solution than what is presented here." +#~ "Feel free to ask questions about the solutions [on GitHub](https://github.com/google/" +#~ "comprehensive-rust/discussions). Let us know if you have a different or better " +#~ "solution than what is presented here." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "欢迎您在 [GitHub](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/" -#~ "discussions) 上提问关于解决方案的问题。如果您有与此处呈现的不同或更好的解" -#~ "决方案，请告诉我们。" +#~ "欢迎您在 [GitHub](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/discussions) 上提问关于" +#~ "解决方案的问题。如果您有与此处呈现的不同或更好的解决方案，请告诉我们。" #~ msgid "Day 1 Morning Exercises" #~ msgstr "第一天上午的练习" @@ -28009,40 +26565,36 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgstr "附加问题" #~ msgid "" -#~ "It requires more advanced concepts. It might seem that we could use a " -#~ "slice-of-slices (`&[&[i32]]`) as the input type to transpose and thus " -#~ "make our function handle any size of matrix. However, this quickly breaks " -#~ "down: the return type cannot be `&[&[i32]]` since it needs to own the " -#~ "data you return." +#~ "It requires more advanced concepts. It might seem that we could use a slice-of-slices " +#~ "(`&[&[i32]]`) as the input type to transpose and thus make our function handle any " +#~ "size of matrix. However, this quickly breaks down: the return type cannot be " +#~ "`&[&[i32]]` since it needs to own the data you return." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "这需要更高级的概念。看起来，我们可以使用切片的切片（`&[&[i32]]`）作为输入" -#~ "类型来进行转置，从而使我们的函数能够处理任意大小的矩阵。然而，这很快就会崩" -#~ "溃：返回类型不能是 `&[&[i32]]`，因为它需要拥有您返回的数据。" +#~ "这需要更高级的概念。看起来，我们可以使用切片的切片（`&[&[i32]]`）作为输入类型来进行转" +#~ "置，从而使我们的函数能够处理任意大小的矩阵。然而，这很快就会崩溃：返回类型不能是 " +#~ "`&[&[i32]]`，因为它需要拥有您返回的数据。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "You can attempt to use something like `Vec>`, but this doesn't " -#~ "work out-of-the-box either: it's hard to convert from `Vec>` to " -#~ "`&[&[i32]]` so now you cannot easily use `pretty_print` either." +#~ "You can attempt to use something like `Vec>`, but this doesn't work out-of-" +#~ "the-box either: it's hard to convert from `Vec>` to `&[&[i32]]` so now you " +#~ "cannot easily use `pretty_print` either." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "您可以尝试使用类似 `Vec>` 的方式，但这也无法直接工作：从 " -#~ "`Vec>` 转换为 `&[&[i32]]` 很困难，因此您现在也不能轻松使用 " -#~ "`pretty_print`。" +#~ "您可以尝试使用类似 `Vec>` 的方式，但这也无法直接工作：从 `Vec>` 转换" +#~ "为 `&[&[i32]]` 很困难，因此您现在也不能轻松使用 `pretty_print`。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "Once we get to traits and generics, we'll be able to use the [`std::" -#~ "convert::AsRef`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.AsRef.html) " -#~ "trait to abstract over anything that can be referenced as a slice." +#~ "Once we get to traits and generics, we'll be able to use the [`std::convert::AsRef`]" +#~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.AsRef.html) trait to abstract over " +#~ "anything that can be referenced as a slice." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "了解 trait 和泛型后，我们就可以使用[“std::convert::AsRef”](https://doc." -#~ "rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.AsRef.html)trait 来抽象化任何可作为 Slice " -#~ "引用的内容了。" +#~ "了解 trait 和泛型后，我们就可以使用[“std::convert::AsRef”](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" +#~ "std/convert/trait.AsRef.html)trait 来抽象化任何可作为 Slice 引用的内容了。" #~ msgid "" -#~ "In addition, the type itself would not enforce that the child slices are " -#~ "of the same length, so such variable could contain an invalid matrix." +#~ "In addition, the type itself would not enforce that the child slices are of the same " +#~ "length, so such variable could contain an invalid matrix." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "此外，类型本身不会强制要求子切片具有相同的长度，因此这样的变量可能包含一个" -#~ "无效的矩阵。" +#~ "此外，类型本身不会强制要求子切片具有相同的长度，因此这样的变量可能包含一个无效的矩阵。" #~ msgid "Day 1 Afternoon Exercises" #~ msgstr "第一天下午的练习" @@ -28089,14 +26641,6 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgid "Why Rust?" #~ msgstr "异步 Rust" -#, fuzzy -#~ msgid "Novel Control Flow" -#~ msgstr "Furture 控制流" - -#, fuzzy -#~ msgid "async/await" -#~ msgstr "关于 async/await 的误区" - #, fuzzy #~ msgid "control flow:" #~ msgstr "Furture 控制流"