diff --git a/.github/workflows/publish.yml b/.github/workflows/publish.yml
index fe0ac23095e3..7799c2040244 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/publish.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/publish.yml
@@ -3,31 +3,45 @@ name: Publish
 # See also TRANSLATIONS.md.
 
 on:
+  pull_request:
   push:
     branches:
       - main
   workflow_dispatch:
 
-permissions:
-  contents: read
-  pages: write
-  id-token: write
-
-# Allow one concurrent deployment
-concurrency:
-  group: pages
-  cancel-in-progress: true
-
 env:
   CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
   # Update the language picker in index.hbs to link new languages.
-  LANGUAGES: ar bn da de el es fa fr id it ja ko pl pt-BR ro ru tr uk vi zh-CN zh-TW
 
 jobs:
-  publish:
-    environment:
-      name: github-pages
-      url: ${{ steps.deployment.outputs.page_url }}
+  create-translation:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        language:
+          [
+            "en",
+            "ar",
+            "bn",
+            "da",
+            "de",
+            "el",
+            "es",
+            "fa",
+            "fr",
+            "id",
+            "it",
+            "ja",
+            "ko",
+            "pl",
+            "pt-BR",
+            "ro",
+            "ru",
+            "tr",
+            "uk",
+            "vi",
+            "zh-CN",
+            "zh-TW",
+          ]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
@@ -50,14 +64,49 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/workflows/install-mdbook
 
       - name: Build course in English
+        if: matrix.language == 'en'
         run: .github/workflows/build.sh en book
 
-      - name: Build all translations
+      - name: Build ${{ matrix.language }} translation
+        if: matrix.language != 'en'
         run: |
-          for po_lang in ${{ env.LANGUAGES }}; do
-              .github/workflows/build.sh $po_lang book/$po_lang
-              mv book/$po_lang/html book/html/$po_lang
-          done
+          .github/workflows/build.sh ${{ matrix.language }} book/${{ matrix.language }}
+          mkdir book/html
+          mv book/${{ matrix.language }}/html book/html/${{ matrix.language }}
+
+      - name: Upload translation
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: comprehensive-rust-${{ matrix.language }}
+          path: book/
+
+  publish:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: create-translation
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Update Rust
+        run: rustup update
+
+      - name: Setup Rust cache
+        uses: ./.github/workflows/setup-rust-cache
+
+      - name: Install Gettext
+        run: |
+          sudo apt update
+          sudo apt install gettext
+
+      - name: Install mdbook
+        uses: ./.github/workflows/install-mdbook
+
+      - name: Download all translations
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          path: book/
+          pattern: comprehensive-rust-*
+          merge-multiple: true
 
       - name: Build translation report
         run: i18n-report report book/html/translation-report.html po/*.po
@@ -69,14 +118,8 @@ jobs:
           for file in synced-po/*.po; do msgmerge --update $file synced-po/messages.pot ; done
           i18n-report report book/html/synced-translation-report.html synced-po/*.po
 
-      - name: Setup Pages
-        uses: actions/configure-pages@v5
-
-      - name: Upload artifact
-        uses: actions/upload-pages-artifact@v3
+      - name: Upload all translations (for verification)
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
-          path: book/html
-
-      - name: Deploy to GitHub Pages
-        id: deployment
-        uses: actions/deploy-pages@v4
+          name: comprehensive-rust-all
+          path: book/