fix: Implement BulkWriter shutdown logic (#2202)

* Implement BulkWriter shutdown logic

* chore: generate libraries at Wed Jul 23 23:21:35 UTC 2025

* Fix

* Fix comment

---------

Co-authored-by: cloud-java-bot <[email protected]>

Author: tom-andersen

google-cloud-firestore/src/main/java/com/google/cloud/firestore/BulkWriter.java

@@ -160,6 +160,12 @@ enum OperationType {
   // don't want to block a gax/grpc executor while running user error and success callbacks.
   private final ScheduledExecutorService bulkWriterExecutor;
 
+  /**
+   * The BulkWriter will shutdown executor when closed and all writes are done. This is important to
+   * prevent leaking threads.
+   */
+  boolean autoShutdownBulkWriterExecutor;
+
   /** The maximum number of writes that can be in a single batch. */
   private int maxBatchSize = MAX_BATCH_SIZE;
 
@@ -230,7 +236,7 @@ enum OperationType {
   @GuardedBy("lock")
   private Executor errorExecutor;
 
-  Context traceContext;
+  private final Context traceContext;
 
   /**
    * Used to track when writes are enqueued. The user handler executors cannot be changed after a
@@ -241,10 +247,13 @@ enum OperationType {
 
   BulkWriter(FirestoreImpl firestore, BulkWriterOptions options) {
     this.firestore = firestore;
-    this.bulkWriterExecutor =
-        options.getExecutor() != null
-            ? options.getExecutor()
-            : Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor();
+    if (options.getExecutor() != null) {
+      this.bulkWriterExecutor = options.getExecutor();
+      this.autoShutdownBulkWriterExecutor = false;
+    } else {
+      this.bulkWriterExecutor = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor();
+      this.autoShutdownBulkWriterExecutor = true;
+    }
     this.successExecutor = MoreExecutors.directExecutor();
     this.errorExecutor = MoreExecutors.directExecutor();
     this.bulkCommitBatch = new BulkCommitBatch(firestore, bulkWriterExecutor, maxBatchSize);
@@ -707,7 +716,7 @@ private ApiFuture<Void> flushLocked() {
       lastFlushOperation = lastOperation;
       scheduleCurrentBatchLocked();
     }
-    return lastOperation;
+    return lastFlushOperation;
   }
 
   /**
@@ -722,10 +731,16 @@ private ApiFuture<Void> flushLocked() {
   public void close() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
     ApiFuture<Void> flushFuture;
     synchronized (lock) {
-      flushFuture = flushLocked();
-      closed = true;
+      if (!closed) {
+        flushLocked();
+        closed = true;
+      }
+      flushFuture = lastFlushOperation;
     }
     flushFuture.get();
+    if (autoShutdownBulkWriterExecutor) {
+      bulkWriterExecutor.shutdown();
+    }
   }
 
   /**

google-cloud-firestore/src/test/java/com/google/cloud/firestore/BulkWriterTest.java

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 import static com.google.cloud.firestore.LocalFirestoreHelper.update;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertArrayEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
@@ -97,24 +98,13 @@ public class BulkWriterTest {
 
   @Rule public Timeout timeout = new Timeout(2, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
 
-  @Spy private final FirestoreRpc firestoreRpc = Mockito.mock(FirestoreRpc.class);
-
   private ScheduledExecutorService testExecutor;
 
-  /** Executor that executes delayed tasks without delay. */
-  private final ScheduledExecutorService immediateExecutor =
-      new ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(1) {
-        @Override
-        @Nonnull
-        public ScheduledFuture<?> schedule(Runnable command, long delay, TimeUnit unit) {
-          return super.schedule(command, 0, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
-        }
-      };
-
   @Spy
   private final FirestoreImpl firestoreMock =
       new FirestoreImpl(
-          FirestoreOptions.newBuilder().setProjectId("test-project").build(), firestoreRpc);
+          FirestoreOptions.newBuilder().setProjectId("test-project").build(),
+          Mockito.mock(FirestoreRpc.class));
 
   @Captor private ArgumentCaptor<BatchWriteRequest> batchWriteCapture;
 
@@ -155,7 +145,6 @@ public static ApiFuture<BatchWriteResponse> mergeResponses(
 
   @Before
   public void before() {
-    lenient().doReturn(immediateExecutor).when(firestoreRpc).getExecutor();
     testExecutor = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor();
 
     timeoutExecutor =
@@ -169,23 +158,27 @@ public ScheduledFuture<?> schedule(Runnable command, long delay, TimeUnit unit)
 
     bulkWriter =
         firestoreMock.bulkWriter(BulkWriterOptions.builder().setExecutor(timeoutExecutor).build());
+    bulkWriter.autoShutdownBulkWriterExecutor = true;
     doc1 = firestoreMock.document("coll/doc1");
     doc2 = firestoreMock.document("coll/doc2");
   }
 
   @After
   public void after() throws InterruptedException {
+    shutdownScheduledExecutorService(testExecutor);
     shutdownScheduledExecutorService(timeoutExecutor);
   }
 
   void shutdownScheduledExecutorService(ScheduledExecutorService executorService)
       throws InterruptedException {
+    executorService.shutdown();
     // Wait for the executor to finish after each test.
     //
     // This ensures the executor service is shut down properly within the given timeout, and thereby
     // avoids potential hangs caused by lingering threads. Note that if a given thread is terminated
     // because of the timeout, the associated test will fail, which is what we want.
     executorService.awaitTermination(100, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+    assertTrue(executorService.isTerminated());
   }
 
   @Test
@@ -369,12 +362,19 @@ public void cannotCallMethodsAfterClose() throws Exception {
     } catch (Exception e) {
       assertEquals(expected, e.getMessage());
     }
-    try {
-      bulkWriter.close();
-      fail("close() should have failed");
-    } catch (Exception e) {
-      assertEquals(expected, e.getMessage());
-    }
+    // Close is idempotent and can be called multiple time.
+    bulkWriter.close();
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void closeWillShutdownExecutor() throws Exception {
+    // We ONLY shutdown executor when the executor was created within the BulkWriter.
+    // To simulate this, we set the autoShutdownBulkWriterExecutor field to true.
+    bulkWriter.autoShutdownBulkWriterExecutor = true;
+
+    assertFalse(timeoutExecutor.isShutdown());
+    bulkWriter.close();
+    assertTrue(timeoutExecutor.isShutdown());
   }
 
   @Test