deps: update dependency com.google.errorprone:error_prone_core to v2.40.0

Author: renovate-bot

pom.xml

@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@
         errorprone team, but try upgrading to new versions in the future-->
         <!-- This version is only compatible with JDKs < 24. We have a profile below that disables
         errorprone for JDKs >= 24. -->
-        <version>2.31.0</version>
+        <version>2.40.0</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
         <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>