Use latest OpenTelemetry package versions

[martincostello]

Feature Request

Is your feature request related to a problem?

Use the latest versions of the OpenTelemetry NuGet packages so that the latest features and conventions ship with our distribution.

Describe the solution you'd like:

All OpenTelemetry.* NuGet packages are updated to their latest versions.

Additional Context

• Depends on [Infra] Match runtime packages to runtime major version open-telemetry/opentelemetry-dotnet#6327.
• Relates to Exception is thrown when newer OpenTelemetry packages are used #91.
• Relates to Does not support trimming or native aot in dotnet 8 #97.