docs: enhance ENGINEERING.md with general development workflow improvements

- Added universal container-based CI testing patterns for all languages
- Included cross-package integration testing strategies
- Enhanced TypeScript error resolution with interface mapping patterns
- Added general performance optimization methodology framework
- Improved CI failure troubleshooting with additional common issues
- All additions are language-agnostic and applicable to any codebase

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.ai/code)

Co-Authored-By: Claude <[email protected]>

Author: DaMandal0rian