docs: streamline CLAUDE.md with essential architectural guidance

Remove machine-generated tracking sections (Active Technologies, Recent
Changes) and redundant reference material to reduce cognitive load.

Focus on what developers need to know:
- Dual endpoint architecture (ports 4360/4361)
- Router pipeline names and authentication flow
- Mnesia transaction requirements
- Telemetry-first logging convention
- Storage abstraction mandate
- Test helper functions

Reduces file from 491 to ~100 lines while preserving all essential
conventions and patterns.

Author: GSMLG-BOT