Move around parentheses

[cloudhan]

In vim % can be used to move the cursor in enclosing pairs of brackets

(123 + 456 * (789 - 000) / nan)
0            1         1      0

place cursor at any position above 0 or 1, press % can quickly jump back and forth. Is there an equivalent?

And, is there is way to quickly jump outside of it, say, at ) marked as 1, jump to ) marked as 0

[CptPotato]

There's mm if this is what you're looking for. (see docs)

If you want to jump forward to a closing parenthesis (or any other char) you can use f).

[CptPotato]

And, is there is way to quickly jump outside of it, say, at ) marked as 1, jump to ) marked as 0

Forgot to mention, there's also a tabout feature (#4443, not in the current release yet) that lets you jump up the syntax tree using tab in insert mode. It will not exactly jump from on parenthesis to the next as you outlined but you might find it useful regardless.