@@ -68,12 +68,15 @@ def test_from_date_unix_epoch():
6868 assert ts .nanos == 0
6969
7070
71+
72+
7173def test_from_date_max_microseconds ():
7274 """Test from_date with maximum microseconds to ensure nanos calculation is correct."""
7375 dt = datetime (2020 , 1 , 1 , 0 , 0 , 0 , 999999 , tzinfo = timezone .utc )
7476 ts = Timestamp .from_date (dt )
75- assert 999_998_000 <= ts .nanos <= 999_999_000
7677
78+ expected = 999_999_000
79+ assert abs (ts .nanos - expected ) < 1_000
7780
7881@pytest .mark .parametrize ("bad_input" , [None , [], {}, 3.14 ])
7982def test_from_date_invalid_type (bad_input ):
@@ -174,19 +177,20 @@ def test_compare_greater_than():
174177
175178def test_generate_without_jitter ():
176179 """Ensure generate without jitter produces a timestamp close to current time."""
177- before = time .time ()
178180 ts = Timestamp .generate (has_jitter = False )
179- after = time .time ()
180- generated_time = ts .to_date ().timestamp ()
181- assert before <= generated_time <= after
181+ delta = abs (ts .to_date ().timestamp () - time .time ())
182+
183+ assert delta < 0.1
184+
182185
183186
184187def test_generate_with_jitter ():
185188 """Verify that generated timestamps with jitter remain close to the system time within a safe tolerance."""
186189 ts = Timestamp .generate (has_jitter = True )
187- delta = abs (ts .to_date ().timestamp () - time .time ())
188- assert delta < 0.05
190+ delta = time .time () - ts .to_date ().timestamp ()
189191
192+ # Jitter is explicitly 3–8 seconds backward
193+ assert 3.0 <= delta <= 9.0
190194
191195# Protobuf serialization tests
192196
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