sample classes and tests

Author: HabibaMekay

table-inheritance/README.md

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+# Table Inheritance
+
+**Category:** Data Access Pattern, Structural Pattern
+
+**Tags:** Decoupling, Inheritance, Polymorphism, Object Mapping, Persistence, Data Transformation
+
+---
+
+## Intent
+The **Table Inheritance** pattern models a class hierarchy in a relational database. Each class in the hierarchy is mapped to its own table, and the tables are linked through foreign keys representing the inheritance structure.
+
+This pattern is particularly useful for organizing complex data models when different subclasses have distinct properties that need to be stored in separate tables.
+
+---
+
+## Real-World Example
+Imagine a vehicle management system with a `Vehicle` superclass and subclasses such as `Car` and `Truck`.
+- The `Vehicle` table stores attributes common to all vehicles.
+- The subclass tables (`Car` and `Truck`) store attributes specific to each subclass.
+
+---
+
+## Database Schema
+
+### Vehicle Table
+| Column | Description                         |
+|--------|-------------------------------------|
+| id     | Primary key                        |
+| make   | The make of the vehicle            |
+| model  | The model of the vehicle           |
+| year   | The manufacturing year of the vehicle |
+
+### Car Table
+| Column          | Description                         |
+|------------------|-------------------------------------|
+| id              | Foreign key referencing `Vehicle(id)` |
+| numberOfDoors   | Number of doors in the car          |
+
+### Truck Table
+| Column           | Description                         |
+|-------------------|-------------------------------------|
+| id               | Foreign key referencing `Vehicle(id)` |
+| payloadCapacity  | Payload capacity of the truck       |
+
+---
+
+## Benefits
+- Decouples subclasses into their own tables for easier management and scalability.
+- Allows for flexibility in subclass-specific attributes without altering the base table.
+
+---