@@ -18,22 +18,21 @@ technical papers, presentations, and videos.
1818- Cardano’s mainnet periodically faces congestion, with block utilization
1919 exceeding 90%, delaying transactions and impacting user experience, especially
2020 for use cases like airdrops, DEXes, oracles, and DApps. As new applications
21- and bridges (e.g. , Cardano-Midnight, Cardano-Bitcoin) increase demand, current
21+ and bridges (eg , Cardano-Midnight, Cardano-Bitcoin) increase demand, current
2222 throughput (~ 12 TPS max) lags far behind competitors like Solana (7229 TPS).
23- In Ouroboros Praos, security constraints (e.g. , 5-second block relay within a
23+ In Ouroboros Praos, security constraints (eg , 5-second block relay within a
2424 20-second slot) limit block size and script execution, underutilizing network
2525 resources. This CPS calls for research into scaling solutions like Ouroboros
2626 Leios to boost transaction volume, size, and execution units, while ensuring
2727 predictable processing times for time-sensitive applications. Goals include
2828 defining stakeholder needs, safely increasing limits, and leveraging underused
29- resources— all without compromising security or raising node costs. Historical
29+ resources — all without compromising security or raising node costs. Historical
3030 data shows frequent near-full blocks and Plutus execution bottlenecks,
3131 underscoring the urgency as Cardano aims for nation-state-scale usage by 2030.
3232
3333### Leios CIP
3434
35- - [ Leios CIP (CIP-0079)] ( https://github.com/cardano-foundation/CIPs/pull/379 )
36- — Cardano Improvement Proposal by Duncan Coutts, November 2022.
35+ - [ Leios CIP (CIP-0079)] ( https://github.com/cardano-foundation/CIPs/pull/379 ) — Cardano Improvement Proposal by Duncan Coutts, November 2022.
3736
3837** Summary**
3938
@@ -43,10 +42,7 @@ and provides a high-level protocol design.
4342
4443### Leios research paper
4544
46- - * High-Throughput Blockchain Consensus under Realistic Network Assumptions*
47- (May 31, 2024) — Sandro Coretti, Matthias Fitzi, Aggelos Kiayias,
48- Giorgos Panagiotakos, and Alexander Russell.
49- < https://iohk.io/en/research/library/papers/high-throughput-blockchain-consensus-under-realistic-network-assumptions/ >
45+ - [ High-Throughput Blockchain Consensus under Realistic Network Assumptions] ( https://iohk.io/en/research/library/papers/high-throughput-blockchain-consensus-under-realistic-network-assumptions/ ) (May 31, 2024) — Sandro Coretti, Matthias Fitzi, Aggelos Kiayias, Giorgos Panagiotakos, and Alexander Russell.
5046
5147** Summary**
5248
@@ -73,7 +69,7 @@ maintaining settlement guarantees and supporting dynamic participation.
7369
7470- [ Understanding Leios] ( https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YEcYVygdhzU ) – Giorgos
7571 Panagiotakos, one of the paper's co-authors, provides a detailed explanation
76- of the Leios protocol.
72+ of the Leios protocol
7773
7874- ** Monthly Leios meetings** :
7975
@@ -111,4 +107,4 @@ maintaining settlement guarantees and supporting dynamic participation.
111107 official Leios implementation repository
112108
113109- [ Cost estimator] ( https://leios.cardano-scaling.org/cost-estimator/ ) – the tool
114- for estimating resource costs in Leios.
110+ for estimating resource costs in Leios.
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