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Update website: next monthly and deduplicate pages (#540)
* Allow for exceptions in next monthly meeting calculation
The monthly review meeting for september will not be on the last
wednesday of the month, but shifted by one week to Oct 1st.
* Drop protocol overview and explainers in favor of landing page
The landing page now gives a better explanation of how leios works and
points to the CIP which is the most up-to-date resource we have.
* Update resources
Several links were broken, outdated or already included in other parts
of the website.
* Update logbook
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# Leios logbook
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## 2025-09-09
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### SN on website updates
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- Need to update the next monthly review meeting to be on Oct 1st (shifted due to the node diversity workshop)
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- The website computes when the next meeting is (last wednesday of the month)
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- Needed to add some logic to consider exceptions to that rule
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- Also, the website recently got updated with a more elaborate overview and how Leios works on the landing page, so we should be able to supersede outdated information in the "Documentation" section.
throughput](https://github.com/cardano-foundation/CIPs/blob/master/CPS-0018/README.md) - Cardano Problem Statement (CPS) summarizing why more throughput is needed on Cardano.
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#### Summary:
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-[High-Throughput Blockchain Consensus under Realistic Network Assumptions](https://iohk.io/en/research/library/papers/high-throughput-permissionless-blockchain-consensus-under-realistic-network-assumptions/) (August 2025, Crypto '25) — Sandro Coretti, Matthias Fitzi, Aggelos Kiayias, Giorgos Panagiotakos, and Alexander Russell. - Research paper on which the Leios consensus upgrade for Cardano is based on.
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- Cardano's mainnet periodically faces congestion, with block utilization
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exceeding 90%, delaying transactions and impacting user experience, especially
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for use cases like airdrops, DEXes, oracles, and DApps. As new applications
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and bridges (eg, Cardano-Midnight, Cardano-Bitcoin) increase demand, current
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throughput (~12 TPS max) lags far behind competitors like Solana (7229 TPS).
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In Ouroboros Praos, security constraints (eg, 5-second block relay within a
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20-second slot) limit block size and script execution, underutilizing network
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resources. This CPS calls for research into scaling solutions like Ouroboros
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Leios to boost transaction volume, size, and execution units, while ensuring
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predictable processing times for time-sensitive applications. Goals include
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defining stakeholder needs, safely increasing limits, and leveraging underused
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resources — all without compromising security or raising node costs. Historical
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data shows frequent near-full blocks and Plutus execution bottlenecks,
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underscoring the urgency as Cardano aims for nation-state-scale usage by 2030.
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## Presentations and videos
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### Leios CIP
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-[Leios CIP (CIP-0079)](https://github.com/cardano-foundation/CIPs/pull/379) — Cardano Improvement Proposal by Duncan Coutts, November 2022.
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**Summary**
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CIP-0079 introduces Ouroboros Leios as a long-term solution to raise Cardano
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throughput beyond the limits of Ouroboros Praos. The CIP explains the rationale
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and provides a high-level protocol design.
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### Leios research paper
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-[High-Throughput Blockchain Consensus under Realistic Network Assumptions](https://iohk.io/en/research/library/papers/high-throughput-blockchain-consensus-under-realistic-network-assumptions/) (May 31, 2024) — Sandro Coretti, Matthias Fitzi, Aggelos Kiayias, Giorgos Panagiotakos, and Alexander Russell.
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**Summary**
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The paper presents Leios, a protocol overlay that transforms low-throughput PoW
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or PoS systems into high-throughput chains, achieving near-optimal throughput of
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(1 − δ) σ_H (where σ_H is the honest-stake fraction and δ > 0). Leios addresses
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adversarial tactics such as message bursts and equivocations via:
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1. Concurrent input-block (IB) generation
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2. Endorser blocks (EBs) with data-availability proofs
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3. A seven-stage pipeline for uninterrupted processing
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4. Freshest-first diffusion with VRF-based timestamps
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5. Equivocation proofs to cap malicious spam.
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Applied to Ouroboros, Leios yields a scalable, secure layer-1 for Cardano while
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maintaining settlement guarantees and supporting dynamic participation.
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## Videos
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-[Monthly review videos](./development/monthly-reviews.md) – Latest information
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and news on Leios R&D and development progress.
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-[Scaling Cardano with Leios](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Czmg9WmSCcI) –
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Professor Aggelos Kiayias, IO's chief scientist, explains Leios in the context
– an interactive simulation demonstrating Leios' throughput capabilities.
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## Development resources
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-[GitHub repository](https://github.com/input-output-hk/ouroboros-leios) – the
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official Leios implementation repository
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-[Cost estimator](https://leios.cardano-scaling.org/cost-estimator/) – the tool
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for estimating resource costs in Leios.
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## Leios Comparisons and Analyses
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-[Leios Scorecard Comparison](leios-comparison.md) – How does Cardano’s Ouroboros Leios stack up against Solana, Ethereum, and Bitcoin? This scorecard compares throughput, fees, decentralization, and more.
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