The error message in PHP core function is the same:
password_hash() expects at least 2 parameters, 0 given
In the backported function, there is something like this:
Missing argument 1....
This is not a major one, but still incompatible.
What I've done in backported function is that required arguments got a null default value (since type check is still necessary), so that I could trigger a proper error for less than enough argument count. The idea originates from ramsey/array_column.