From c9be1c9941df5fdf72ba62bd5cc67157ae88ee44 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: kares <self@kares.org>
Date: Tue, 12 Aug 2025 02:47:30 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 1/5] [test] a sample rails 7.2 app for integration testing

(cherry picked from commit b9cb81cd24cd62f517796adabecde15cc46c1ac8)
---
 src/spec/ruby/jruby/rack/integration_spec.rb  | 85 +++++++++++++++---
 src/spec/stub/rails72/Rakefile                |  6 ++
 .../app/controllers/application_controller.rb |  2 +
 .../rails72/app/controllers/concerns/.keep    |  0
 .../app/controllers/sample_controller.rb      |  4 +
 .../stub/rails72/app/helpers/sample_helper.rb |  2 +
 .../rails72/app/models/application_record.rb  |  6 ++
 .../stub/rails72/app/models/concerns/.keep    |  0
 .../rails72/app/views/sample/index.html.erb   |  2 +
 src/spec/stub/rails72/config/application.rb   | 44 ++++++++++
 src/spec/stub/rails72/config/boot.rb          |  3 +
 .../stub/rails72/config/credentials.yml.enc   |  1 +
 src/spec/stub/rails72/config/environment.rb   |  5 ++
 .../config/environments/development.rb        | 63 ++++++++++++++
 .../rails72/config/environments/production.rb | 87 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../stub/rails72/config/initializers/cors.rb  | 16 ++++
 .../initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb  |  8 ++
 .../config/initializers/inflections.rb        | 16 ++++
 src/spec/stub/rails72/config/locales/en.yml   | 31 +++++++
 src/spec/stub/rails72/config/master.key       |  1 +
 src/spec/stub/rails72/config/puma.rb          | 34 ++++++++
 src/spec/stub/rails72/config/routes.rb        | 11 +++
 src/spec/stub/rails72/lib/.keep               |  0
 src/spec/stub/rails72/public/robots.txt       |  1 +
 src/spec/stub/rails72/vendor/.keep            |  0
 25 files changed, 415 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/Rakefile
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/app/controllers/concerns/.keep
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/app/controllers/sample_controller.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/app/helpers/sample_helper.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/app/models/application_record.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/app/models/concerns/.keep
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/app/views/sample/index.html.erb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/config/application.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/config/boot.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/config/credentials.yml.enc
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/config/environment.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/config/environments/development.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/config/environments/production.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/config/initializers/cors.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/config/initializers/inflections.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/config/locales/en.yml
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/config/master.key
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/config/puma.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/config/routes.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/lib/.keep
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/public/robots.txt
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/vendor/.keep

diff --git a/src/spec/ruby/jruby/rack/integration_spec.rb b/src/spec/ruby/jruby/rack/integration_spec.rb
index 8ee6b1945..4dab723a5 100644
--- a/src/spec/ruby/jruby/rack/integration_spec.rb
+++ b/src/spec/ruby/jruby/rack/integration_spec.rb
@@ -88,7 +88,9 @@
 
   shared_examples_for 'a rails app', :shared => true do
 
-    let(:servlet_context) { new_servlet_context(base_path) }
+    let(:servlet_context) do
+      new_servlet_context(base_path).tap { |servlet_context| prepare_servlet_context(servlet_context) }
+    end
 
     it "initializes (pooling by default)" do
       listener = org.jruby.rack.rails.RailsServletContextListener.new
@@ -119,7 +121,64 @@
 
       expect(rack_factory.getApplication).to be_a(DefaultRackApplication)
     end
+  end
+
+  describe 'rails 7.2', lib: :rails72 do
+
+    before(:all) do name = :rails72 # copy_gemfile :
+      FileUtils.cp File.join(GEMFILES_DIR, "#{name}.gemfile"), File.join(STUB_DIR, "#{name}/Gemfile")
+      FileUtils.cp File.join(GEMFILES_DIR, "#{name}.gemfile.lock"), File.join(STUB_DIR, "#{name}/Gemfile.lock")
+      Dir.chdir File.join(STUB_DIR, name.to_s)
+    end
+
+    def base_path; "#{STUB_DIR}/rails72" end
+
+    it_should_behave_like 'a rails app'
+
+    context "initialized" do
+
+      before(:all) do
+        initialize_rails('production', "file://#{base_path}") do |servlet_context, _|
+          prepare_servlet_context(servlet_context)
+        end
+      end
+      after(:all)  { restore_rails }
+
+      it "loaded rack ~> 2.2" do
+        @runtime = @rack_factory.getApplication.getRuntime
+        should_eval_as_not_nil "defined?(Rack.release)"
+        should_eval_as_eql_to "Rack.release.to_s[0, 3]", '2.2'
+      end
+
+      it "booted with a servlet logger" do
+        @runtime = @rack_factory.getApplication.getRuntime
+        should_eval_as_not_nil "defined?(Rails)"
+        should_eval_as_not_nil "Rails.logger"
+
+        # Rails 7.x wraps the default in a ActiveSupport::BroadcastLogger
+        should_eval_as_eql_to "Rails.logger.is_a? ActiveSupport::BroadcastLogger", true
+        should_eval_as_eql_to "Rails.logger.broadcasts.size", 1
+        should_eval_as_eql_to "Rails.logger.broadcasts.first.is_a? JRuby::Rack::Logger", true
+        # NOTE: TaggedLogging is a module that extends the logger instance:
+        should_eval_as_eql_to "Rails.logger.broadcasts.first.is_a? ActiveSupport::TaggedLogging", true
+
+        # production.rb: config.log_level = 'info'
+        should_eval_as_eql_to "Rails.logger.level", Logger::INFO
+        should_eval_as_eql_to "Rails.logger.broadcasts.first.level", Logger::INFO
+
+        unwrap_logger = "logger = Rails.logger.broadcasts.first;"
+        # sanity check logger-silence works:
+        should_eval_as_eql_to "#{unwrap_logger} logger.silence { logger.warn('from-integration-spec') }", true
 
+        should_eval_as_eql_to "#{unwrap_logger} logger.real_logger.is_a?(Java::OrgJrubyRackServlet::DefaultServletRackContext)", true
+      end
+
+      it "sets up public_path" do
+        @runtime = @rack_factory.getApplication.getRuntime
+        should_eval_as_eql_to "Rails.public_path.to_s", "#{base_path}/public"
+      end
+
+    end
   end
 
   def expect_to_have_monkey_patched_chunked
@@ -135,8 +194,6 @@ def expect_to_have_monkey_patched_chunked
     should_eval_as_eql_to script, "1\nsecond"
   end
 
-  ENV_COPY = ENV.to_h
-
   def initialize_rails(env = nil, servlet_context = @servlet_context)
     if !servlet_context || servlet_context.is_a?(String)
       base = servlet_context.is_a?(String) ? servlet_context : nil
@@ -149,26 +206,23 @@ def initialize_rails(env = nil, servlet_context = @servlet_context)
     servlet_context.addInitParameter("jruby.runtime.env", the_env)
 
     yield(servlet_context, listener) if block_given?
+
     listener.contextInitialized javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent.new(servlet_context)
     @rack_context = servlet_context.getAttribute("rack.context")
     @rack_factory = servlet_context.getAttribute("rack.factory")
-    @servlet_context ||= servlet_context
-  end
-
-  def restore_rails
-    #ENV['RACK_ENV'] = ENV_COPY['RACK_ENV'] if ENV.key?('RACK_ENV')
-    #ENV['RAILS_ENV'] = ENV_COPY['RAILS_ENV'] if ENV.key?('RAILS_ENV')
+    @servlet_context = servlet_context
   end
 
   def new_servlet_context(base_path = nil)
     servlet_context = org.jruby.rack.mock.RackLoggingMockServletContext.new base_path
-    servlet_context.logger = raise_logger
-    prepare_servlet_context servlet_context
+    servlet_context.logger = raise_logger(:WARN).tap { |logger| logger.setEnabled(false) }
     servlet_context
   end
 
   def prepare_servlet_context(servlet_context)
     set_compat_version servlet_context
+    servlet_context.addInitParameter('rails.root', base_path)
+    servlet_context.addInitParameter('jruby.rack.layout_class', 'FileSystemLayout')
   end
 
   def set_compat_version(servlet_context = @servlet_context); require 'jruby'
@@ -176,8 +230,6 @@ def set_compat_version(servlet_context = @servlet_context); require 'jruby'
     servlet_context.addInitParameter("jruby.compat.version", compat_version.to_s)
   end
 
-  private
-
   GEMFILES_DIR = File.expand_path('../../../gemfiles', STUB_DIR)
 
   def copy_gemfile(name)
@@ -186,4 +238,11 @@ def copy_gemfile(name)
     FileUtils.cp File.join(GEMFILES_DIR, "#{name}.gemfile.lock"), File.join(STUB_DIR, "#{name}/WEB-INF/Gemfile.lock")
   end
 
+  ENV_COPY = ENV.to_h
+
+  def restore_rails
+    ENV['RACK_ENV'] = ENV_COPY['RACK_ENV'] if ENV.key?('RACK_ENV')
+    ENV['RAILS_ENV'] = ENV_COPY['RAILS_ENV'] if ENV.key?('RAILS_ENV')
+  end
+
 end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/Rakefile b/src/spec/stub/rails72/Rakefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9a5ea7383
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails72/Rakefile
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# Add your own tasks in files placed in lib/tasks ending in .rake,
+# for example lib/tasks/capistrano.rake, and they will automatically be available to Rake.
+
+require_relative "config/application"
+
+Rails.application.load_tasks
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/controllers/application_controller.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4ac8823b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+class ApplicationController < ActionController::API
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/controllers/concerns/.keep b/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/controllers/concerns/.keep
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e69de29bb
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/controllers/sample_controller.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/controllers/sample_controller.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1b6e218b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/controllers/sample_controller.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+class SampleController < ApplicationController
+  def index
+  end
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/helpers/sample_helper.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/helpers/sample_helper.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fef504b48
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/helpers/sample_helper.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+module SampleHelper
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/models/application_record.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/models/application_record.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e7e0e1fc3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/models/application_record.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# class ApplicationRecord < ActiveRecord::Base
+#   primary_abstract_class
+# end
+
+class ApplicationRecord
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/models/concerns/.keep b/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/models/concerns/.keep
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e69de29bb
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/views/sample/index.html.erb b/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/views/sample/index.html.erb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1f18de4bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/views/sample/index.html.erb
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+<h1>Sample#index</h1>
+<p>Find me in app/views/sample/index.html.erb</p>
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/application.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/application.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9d099687a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/application.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+require_relative "boot"
+
+require "rails"
+# Pick the frameworks you want:
+#require "active_model/railtie"
+#require "active_job/railtie"
+#require "active_record/railtie"
+#require "active_storage/engine"
+require "action_controller/railtie"
+#require "action_mailer/railtie"
+#require "action_mailbox/engine"
+#require "action_text/engine"
+require "action_view/railtie"
+#require "action_cable/engine"
+#require "rails/test_unit/railtie"
+
+# Require the gems listed in Gemfile, including any gems
+# you've limited to :test, :development, or :production.
+Bundler.require(*Rails.groups)
+
+module Rails72
+  class Application < Rails::Application
+    # Initialize configuration defaults for originally generated Rails version.
+    config.load_defaults 7.2
+
+    # Please, add to the `ignore` list any other `lib` subdirectories that do
+    # not contain `.rb` files, or that should not be reloaded or eager loaded.
+    # Common ones are `templates`, `generators`, or `middleware`, for example.
+    config.autoload_lib(ignore: %w[assets tasks])
+
+    # Configuration for the application, engines, and railties goes here.
+    #
+    # These settings can be overridden in specific environments using the files
+    # in config/environments, which are processed later.
+    #
+    # config.time_zone = "Central Time (US & Canada)"
+    # config.eager_load_paths << Rails.root.join("extras")
+
+    # Only loads a smaller set of middleware suitable for API only apps.
+    # Middleware like session, flash, cookies can be added back manually.
+    # Skip views, helpers and assets when generating a new resource.
+    #config.api_only = true
+  end
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/boot.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/boot.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..282011619
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/boot.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+ENV["BUNDLE_GEMFILE"] ||= File.expand_path("../Gemfile", __dir__)
+
+require "bundler/setup" # Set up gems listed in the Gemfile.
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/credentials.yml.enc b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/credentials.yml.enc
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..98b297e5e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/credentials.yml.enc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+VcfM8jsFjbT1uz41VePTrE2/rI+fGrx6kyrFKJSoflAC2PlYpvBd6JdKeTMi3NFkCV2jsoNeM9ZkoPKffxdu5nBly27ax3A1nxhTRTuqIs2hOizrK2pIVPIAG2Q/rlG7vLuiTLzPQdm1+sapOPWyj7yNGyHckYJZv4jDkEfWZSQ8ERfmwdMSue3AeLWk/mHxq0aHNM26Lg5cCbGcea3No6doXCjk0xVFCY0qpOW1jbV6RrfgOjZ7yy72F37q/38ykPZ+/NyTAChxlkBuhFUf003qzuIirBDsE3zWcrIpKB5vWDPhj5vRS0F0uI1uVnWeeiah/RLc6FmrvCHr72lXeCBMorZBv4K32BI9IERZOCWjK/Yegf6Vfr33MEP9kPxOfu5+cH/apFjFD1+917LEOdHiDxd0--XKF4UI5O521M73io--qlQCj8KMYeYyis/202ipdw==
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/environment.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/environment.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cac531577
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/environment.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Load the Rails application.
+require_relative "application"
+
+# Initialize the Rails application.
+Rails.application.initialize!
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/environments/development.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/environments/development.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1409a9162
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/environments/development.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+require "active_support/core_ext/integer/time"
+
+Rails.application.configure do
+  # Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/application.rb.
+
+  # In the development environment your application's code is reloaded any time
+  # it changes. This slows down response time but is perfect for development
+  # since you don't have to restart the web server when you make code changes.
+  config.enable_reloading = true
+
+  # Do not eager load code on boot.
+  config.eager_load = false
+
+  # Show full error reports.
+  config.consider_all_requests_local = true
+
+  # Enable server timing.
+  config.server_timing = true
+
+  # Enable/disable caching. By default caching is disabled.
+  # Run rails dev:cache to toggle caching.
+  if Rails.root.join("tmp/caching-dev.txt").exist?
+    config.cache_store = :memory_store
+    config.public_file_server.headers = { "Cache-Control" => "public, max-age=#{2.days.to_i}" }
+  else
+    config.action_controller.perform_caching = false
+
+    config.cache_store = :null_store
+  end
+
+  # Store uploaded files on the local file system (see config/storage.yml for options).
+  #config.active_storage.service = :local
+
+  # Print deprecation notices to the Rails logger.
+  config.active_support.deprecation = :log
+
+  # Raise exceptions for disallowed deprecations.
+  config.active_support.disallowed_deprecation = :raise
+
+  # Tell Active Support which deprecation messages to disallow.
+  config.active_support.disallowed_deprecation_warnings = []
+
+  # Raise an error on page load if there are pending migrations.
+  #config.active_record.migration_error = :page_load
+
+  # Highlight code that triggered database queries in logs.
+  #config.active_record.verbose_query_logs = true
+
+  # Highlight code that enqueued background job in logs.
+  #config.active_job.verbose_enqueue_logs = true
+
+  # Raises error for missing translations.
+  # config.i18n.raise_on_missing_translations = true
+
+  # Annotate rendered view with file names.
+  config.action_view.annotate_rendered_view_with_filenames = true
+
+  # Raise error when a before_action's only/except options reference missing actions.
+  config.action_controller.raise_on_missing_callback_actions = true
+
+  # Apply autocorrection by RuboCop to files generated by `bin/rails generate`.
+  # config.generators.apply_rubocop_autocorrect_after_generate!
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/environments/production.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/environments/production.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..31d14ad7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/environments/production.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+require "active_support/core_ext/integer/time"
+
+Rails.application.configure do
+  # Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/application.rb.
+
+  # Code is not reloaded between requests.
+  config.enable_reloading = false
+
+  # Eager load code on boot. This eager loads most of Rails and
+  # your application in memory, allowing both threaded web servers
+  # and those relying on copy on write to perform better.
+  # Rake tasks automatically ignore this option for performance.
+  config.eager_load = true
+
+  # Full error reports are disabled and caching is turned on.
+  config.consider_all_requests_local = false
+
+  # Ensures that a master key has been made available in ENV["RAILS_MASTER_KEY"], config/master.key, or an environment
+  # key such as config/credentials/production.key. This key is used to decrypt credentials (and other encrypted files).
+  # config.require_master_key = true
+
+  # Disable serving static files from `public/`, relying on NGINX/Apache to do so instead.
+  config.public_file_server.enabled = false
+
+  # Enable serving of images, stylesheets, and JavaScripts from an asset server.
+  # config.asset_host = "http://assets.example.com"
+
+  # Specifies the header that your server uses for sending files.
+  # config.action_dispatch.x_sendfile_header = "X-Sendfile" # for Apache
+  # config.action_dispatch.x_sendfile_header = "X-Accel-Redirect" # for NGINX
+
+  # Store uploaded files on the local file system (see config/storage.yml for options).
+  #config.active_storage.service = :local
+
+  # Assume all access to the app is happening through a SSL-terminating reverse proxy.
+  # Can be used together with config.force_ssl for Strict-Transport-Security and secure cookies.
+  # config.assume_ssl = true
+
+  # Force all access to the app over SSL, use Strict-Transport-Security, and use secure cookies.
+  #config.force_ssl = true
+
+  # Skip http-to-https redirect for the default health check endpoint.
+  # config.ssl_options = { redirect: { exclude: ->(request) { request.path == "/up" } } }
+
+  # Log to STDOUT by default
+#  config.logger = ActiveSupport::Logger.new(STDOUT)
+#    .tap  { |logger| logger.formatter = ::Logger::Formatter.new }
+#    .then { |logger| ActiveSupport::TaggedLogging.new(logger) }
+
+  config.log_level = 'info' # added manually for the sake of a jruby-rack spec
+
+  # Prepend all log lines with the following tags.
+  config.log_tags = [ :request_id ]
+
+  # "info" includes generic and useful information about system operation, but avoids logging too much
+  # information to avoid inadvertent exposure of personally identifiable information (PII). If you
+  # want to log everything, set the level to "debug".
+  #config.log_level = ENV.fetch("RAILS_LOG_LEVEL", "info")
+
+  # Use a different cache store in production.
+  # config.cache_store = :mem_cache_store
+
+  # Use a real queuing backend for Active Job (and separate queues per environment).
+  # config.active_job.queue_adapter = :resque
+  # config.active_job.queue_name_prefix = "rails72_production"
+
+  # Enable locale fallbacks for I18n (makes lookups for any locale fall back to
+  # the I18n.default_locale when a translation cannot be found).
+  config.i18n.fallbacks = true
+
+  # Don't log any deprecations.
+  config.active_support.report_deprecations = false
+
+  # Do not dump schema after migrations.
+  #config.active_record.dump_schema_after_migration = false
+
+  # Only use :id for inspections in production.
+  #config.active_record.attributes_for_inspect = [ :id ]
+
+  # Enable DNS rebinding protection and other `Host` header attacks.
+  # config.hosts = [
+  #   "example.com",     # Allow requests from example.com
+  #   /.*\.example\.com/ # Allow requests from subdomains like `www.example.com`
+  # ]
+  # Skip DNS rebinding protection for the default health check endpoint.
+  # config.host_authorization = { exclude: ->(request) { request.path == "/up" } }
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/initializers/cors.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/initializers/cors.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0c5dd99ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/initializers/cors.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Avoid CORS issues when API is called from the frontend app.
+# Handle Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) in order to accept cross-origin Ajax requests.
+
+# Read more: https://github.com/cyu/rack-cors
+
+# Rails.application.config.middleware.insert_before 0, Rack::Cors do
+#   allow do
+#     origins "example.com"
+#
+#     resource "*",
+#       headers: :any,
+#       methods: [:get, :post, :put, :patch, :delete, :options, :head]
+#   end
+# end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c010b83dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Configure parameters to be partially matched (e.g. passw matches password) and filtered from the log file.
+# Use this to limit dissemination of sensitive information.
+# See the ActiveSupport::ParameterFilter documentation for supported notations and behaviors.
+Rails.application.config.filter_parameters += [
+  :passw, :email, :secret, :token, :_key, :crypt, :salt, :certificate, :otp, :ssn
+]
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/initializers/inflections.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/initializers/inflections.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3860f659e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/initializers/inflections.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Add new inflection rules using the following format. Inflections
+# are locale specific, and you may define rules for as many different
+# locales as you wish. All of these examples are active by default:
+# ActiveSupport::Inflector.inflections(:en) do |inflect|
+#   inflect.plural /^(ox)$/i, "\\1en"
+#   inflect.singular /^(ox)en/i, "\\1"
+#   inflect.irregular "person", "people"
+#   inflect.uncountable %w( fish sheep )
+# end
+
+# These inflection rules are supported but not enabled by default:
+# ActiveSupport::Inflector.inflections(:en) do |inflect|
+#   inflect.acronym "RESTful"
+# end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/locales/en.yml b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/locales/en.yml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6c349ae5e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/locales/en.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# Files in the config/locales directory are used for internationalization and
+# are automatically loaded by Rails. If you want to use locales other than
+# English, add the necessary files in this directory.
+#
+# To use the locales, use `I18n.t`:
+#
+#     I18n.t "hello"
+#
+# In views, this is aliased to just `t`:
+#
+#     <%= t("hello") %>
+#
+# To use a different locale, set it with `I18n.locale`:
+#
+#     I18n.locale = :es
+#
+# This would use the information in config/locales/es.yml.
+#
+# To learn more about the API, please read the Rails Internationalization guide
+# at https://guides.rubyonrails.org/i18n.html.
+#
+# Be aware that YAML interprets the following case-insensitive strings as
+# booleans: `true`, `false`, `on`, `off`, `yes`, `no`. Therefore, these strings
+# must be quoted to be interpreted as strings. For example:
+#
+#     en:
+#       "yes": yup
+#       enabled: "ON"
+
+en:
+  hello: "Hello world"
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/master.key b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/master.key
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ea0a8e79c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/master.key
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+3950bb2e89efce14a3bb718354edb208
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/puma.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/puma.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..03c166f4c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/puma.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+# This configuration file will be evaluated by Puma. The top-level methods that
+# are invoked here are part of Puma's configuration DSL. For more information
+# about methods provided by the DSL, see https://puma.io/puma/Puma/DSL.html.
+
+# Puma starts a configurable number of processes (workers) and each process
+# serves each request in a thread from an internal thread pool.
+#
+# The ideal number of threads per worker depends both on how much time the
+# application spends waiting for IO operations and on how much you wish to
+# to prioritize throughput over latency.
+#
+# As a rule of thumb, increasing the number of threads will increase how much
+# traffic a given process can handle (throughput), but due to CRuby's
+# Global VM Lock (GVL) it has diminishing returns and will degrade the
+# response time (latency) of the application.
+#
+# The default is set to 3 threads as it's deemed a decent compromise between
+# throughput and latency for the average Rails application.
+#
+# Any libraries that use a connection pool or another resource pool should
+# be configured to provide at least as many connections as the number of
+# threads. This includes Active Record's `pool` parameter in `database.yml`.
+threads_count = ENV.fetch("RAILS_MAX_THREADS", 3)
+threads threads_count, threads_count
+
+# Specifies the `port` that Puma will listen on to receive requests; default is 3000.
+port ENV.fetch("PORT", 3000)
+
+# Allow puma to be restarted by `bin/rails restart` command.
+plugin :tmp_restart
+
+# Specify the PID file. Defaults to tmp/pids/server.pid in development.
+# In other environments, only set the PID file if requested.
+pidfile ENV["PIDFILE"] if ENV["PIDFILE"]
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/routes.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/routes.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cc34fc10f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/routes.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+Rails.application.routes.draw do
+  get "sample/index"
+  # Define your application routes per the DSL in https://guides.rubyonrails.org/routing.html
+
+  # Reveal health status on /up that returns 200 if the app boots with no exceptions, otherwise 500.
+  # Can be used by load balancers and uptime monitors to verify that the app is live.
+  get "up" => "rails/health#show", as: :rails_health_check
+
+  # Defines the root path route ("/")
+  # root "posts#index"
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/lib/.keep b/src/spec/stub/rails72/lib/.keep
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e69de29bb
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/public/robots.txt b/src/spec/stub/rails72/public/robots.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c19f78ab6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails72/public/robots.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# See https://www.robotstxt.org/robotstxt.html for documentation on how to use the robots.txt file
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/vendor/.keep b/src/spec/stub/rails72/vendor/.keep
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e69de29bb

From e82ba8a51ef93349a8501210a3a8ac258672654d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Chad Wilson <29788154+chadlwilson@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 19 Aug 2025 15:50:36 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 2/5] [test] Introduce ability to test with different Rack
 versions to the default/bundled Rack

Makes it easier to start adding Rack 3.x compatibility tests with a smaller PR and fewer differences across branches.

Second cherry-pick to re-apply integration_spec changes.

(cherry picked from commit 09dbc701e2f34485061d89674974b9968476b6fc)
---
 src/spec/ruby/jruby/rack/integration_spec.rb | 10 +++++-----
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/spec/ruby/jruby/rack/integration_spec.rb b/src/spec/ruby/jruby/rack/integration_spec.rb
index 4dab723a5..dd1fe215e 100644
--- a/src/spec/ruby/jruby/rack/integration_spec.rb
+++ b/src/spec/ruby/jruby/rack/integration_spec.rb
@@ -14,8 +14,6 @@
 
   before(:all) { require 'fileutils' }
 
-  #after(:all) { JRuby::Rack.context = nil }
-
   describe 'rack (lambda)' do
 
     before do
@@ -125,9 +123,11 @@
 
   describe 'rails 7.2', lib: :rails72 do
 
-    before(:all) do name = :rails72 # copy_gemfile :
-      FileUtils.cp File.join(GEMFILES_DIR, "#{name}.gemfile"), File.join(STUB_DIR, "#{name}/Gemfile")
-      FileUtils.cp File.join(GEMFILES_DIR, "#{name}.gemfile.lock"), File.join(STUB_DIR, "#{name}/Gemfile.lock")
+    before(:all) do
+      name = :rails72 # copy_gemfile :
+      raise "Environment variable BUNDLE_GEMFILE seems to not contain #{name.to_s}" unless ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE']&.include?(name.to_s)
+      FileUtils.cp ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE'], File.join(STUB_DIR, "#{name}/Gemfile")
+      FileUtils.cp "#{ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE']}.lock", File.join(STUB_DIR, "#{name}/Gemfile.lock")
       Dir.chdir File.join(STUB_DIR, name.to_s)
     end
 

From e3c81cee90f87fc2ea42e0fbd7909ab9fb1f59aa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Chad Wilson <29788154+chadlwilson@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 21 Aug 2025 23:27:01 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 3/5] [build] Declare rack dependency slightly more
 consistently

There was no 2.3, so this is moot, however it's clearer with later rack versions if we make this more consistent

(cherry picked from commit 5a16cf1a0b456800f034aacd4ff70ba230dbd248)
---
 .github/workflows/maven.yml                  | 2 +-
 src/spec/ruby/jruby/rack/integration_spec.rb | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/maven.yml b/.github/workflows/maven.yml
index fadee6d63..2e9fb5515 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/maven.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/maven.yml
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ jobs:
           cache: maven
 
       - name: Setup JRuby
-        uses: ruby/setup-ruby@a4effe49ee8ee5b8b5091268c473a4628afb5651 # v1.245.0
+        uses: ruby/setup-ruby@829114fc20da43a41d27359103ec7a63020954d4 # v1.255.0
         with:
           ruby-version: jruby-${{ matrix.jruby_version }}
           bundler-cache: 'false' # Need to install later so we can vary from Gemfile.lock as required for JRuby version compatibility
diff --git a/src/spec/ruby/jruby/rack/integration_spec.rb b/src/spec/ruby/jruby/rack/integration_spec.rb
index dd1fe215e..d8859390c 100644
--- a/src/spec/ruby/jruby/rack/integration_spec.rb
+++ b/src/spec/ruby/jruby/rack/integration_spec.rb
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ def base_path; "#{STUB_DIR}/rails72" end
       end
       after(:all)  { restore_rails }
 
-      it "loaded rack ~> 2.2" do
+      it "loaded rack ~> 2.2.0" do
         @runtime = @rack_factory.getApplication.getRuntime
         should_eval_as_not_nil "defined?(Rack.release)"
         should_eval_as_eql_to "Rack.release.to_s[0, 3]", '2.2'

From a4f2ac31d59c167c310f99ee5c19c245b45679f7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Chad Wilson <29788154+chadlwilson@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sat, 23 Aug 2025 17:53:57 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 4/5] [test] Re-generate the rails72 sample test from scratch

Use a defined methodology to generate the stubs to make it easier to support new versions.
---
 README.md                                     | 14 +++++
 src/spec/stub/.gitignore                      | 19 +++++++
 .../app/controllers/application_controller.rb |  4 +-
 .../rails72/app/controllers/concerns/.keep    |  0
 .../app/controllers/sample_controller.rb      |  4 --
 .../rails72/app/helpers/application_helper.rb |  2 +
 .../stub/rails72/app/helpers/sample_helper.rb |  2 -
 .../rails72/app/models/application_record.rb  |  6 ---
 .../stub/rails72/app/models/concerns/.keep    |  0
 .../rails72/app/views/sample/index.html.erb   |  2 -
 src/spec/stub/rails72/config/application.rb   | 24 ++++-----
 .../config/environments/development.rb        | 18 ++-----
 .../rails72/config/environments/production.rb | 18 ++-----
 .../stub/rails72/config/environments/test.rb  | 51 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../initializers/content_security_policy.rb   | 25 +++++++++
 .../stub/rails72/config/initializers/cors.rb  | 16 ------
 .../config/initializers/permissions_policy.rb | 13 +++++
 src/spec/stub/rails72/config/routes.rb        |  5 +-
 src/spec/stub/rails72/lib/.keep               |  0
 src/spec/stub/rails72/vendor/.keep            |  0
 20 files changed, 148 insertions(+), 75 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/app/controllers/concerns/.keep
 delete mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/app/controllers/sample_controller.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/app/helpers/application_helper.rb
 delete mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/app/helpers/sample_helper.rb
 delete mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/app/models/application_record.rb
 delete mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/app/models/concerns/.keep
 delete mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/app/views/sample/index.html.erb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/config/environments/test.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/config/initializers/content_security_policy.rb
 delete mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/config/initializers/cors.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/config/initializers/permissions_policy.rb
 delete mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/lib/.keep
 delete mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails72/vendor/.keep

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index be4ced7e2..6ab1258de 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -348,6 +348,20 @@ package and push the .jar every time a commit changes a source file).
 * mvn release:perform (possibly with -DuseReleaseProfile=false due to Javadoc doclint failures for now)
 * rake clean gem SKIP_SPECS=true and push the gem
 
+## Adding testing for new Rails versions
+
+* Add the new version to `.github/workflows/maven.yml` under the `matrix` section
+* Add a new configuration to the `Appraisals` file, then
+    ```bundle exec appraisal generate```
+* Generate a new stub Rails application for the new version
+    ```shell
+    VERSION=rails72
+    cd src/spec/stub
+    rm -rf $VERSION && BUNDLE_GEMFILE=~/Projects/community/jruby-rack/gemfiles/${VERSION}_rack22.gemfile bundle exec rails new $VERSION --minimal --skip-git --skip-docker --skip-active-model --skip-active-record --skip-test --skip-system-test --skip-dev-gems --skip-bundle --skip-keeps --skip-asset-pipeline --skip-ci --skip-brakeman --skip-rubocop
+    ```
+* Manual changes to make to support testing
+  * In `config/production.rb` comment out the default `config.logger` value so jruby-rack applies its own `RailsLogger`.  
+
 ## Support
 
 Please use [github][4] to file bugs, patches and/or pull requests.
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/.gitignore b/src/spec/stub/.gitignore
index ed438a4a2..7095ce900 100644
--- a/src/spec/stub/.gitignore
+++ b/src/spec/stub/.gitignore
@@ -1,2 +1,21 @@
 */tmp
 */*.war
+
+# Rails stub files we don't want
+rails*/Rakefile
+rails*/Gemfile
+rails*/Gemfile.lock
+rails*/bin
+rails*/README.md
+rails*/config.ru
+rails*/.ruby-version
+rails*/package.json
+
+# Rails generates assets in samples that we don't really want
+rails*/**/*.ico
+rails*/**/*.png
+rails*/**/*.svg
+rails*/**/*.html
+rails*/**/*.erb
+rails*/**/*.js
+rails*/**/*.css
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/controllers/application_controller.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
index 4ac8823b0..0d95db22b 100644
--- a/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
-class ApplicationController < ActionController::API
+class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
+  # Only allow modern browsers supporting webp images, web push, badges, import maps, CSS nesting, and CSS :has.
+  allow_browser versions: :modern
 end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/controllers/concerns/.keep b/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/controllers/concerns/.keep
deleted file mode 100644
index e69de29bb..000000000
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/controllers/sample_controller.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/controllers/sample_controller.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1b6e218b7..000000000
--- a/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/controllers/sample_controller.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-class SampleController < ApplicationController
-  def index
-  end
-end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/helpers/application_helper.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/helpers/application_helper.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..de6be7945
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/helpers/application_helper.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+module ApplicationHelper
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/helpers/sample_helper.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/helpers/sample_helper.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index fef504b48..000000000
--- a/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/helpers/sample_helper.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-module SampleHelper
-end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/models/application_record.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/models/application_record.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index e7e0e1fc3..000000000
--- a/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/models/application_record.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-# class ApplicationRecord < ActiveRecord::Base
-#   primary_abstract_class
-# end
-
-class ApplicationRecord
-end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/models/concerns/.keep b/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/models/concerns/.keep
deleted file mode 100644
index e69de29bb..000000000
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/views/sample/index.html.erb b/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/views/sample/index.html.erb
deleted file mode 100644
index 1f18de4bc..000000000
--- a/src/spec/stub/rails72/app/views/sample/index.html.erb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-<h1>Sample#index</h1>
-<p>Find me in app/views/sample/index.html.erb</p>
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/application.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/application.rb
index 9d099687a..fdd8b2b61 100644
--- a/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/application.rb
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/application.rb
@@ -2,17 +2,17 @@
 
 require "rails"
 # Pick the frameworks you want:
-#require "active_model/railtie"
-#require "active_job/railtie"
-#require "active_record/railtie"
-#require "active_storage/engine"
+require "active_model/railtie"
+# require "active_job/railtie"
+# require "active_record/railtie"
+# require "active_storage/engine"
 require "action_controller/railtie"
-#require "action_mailer/railtie"
-#require "action_mailbox/engine"
-#require "action_text/engine"
+# require "action_mailer/railtie"
+# require "action_mailbox/engine"
+# require "action_text/engine"
 require "action_view/railtie"
-#require "action_cable/engine"
-#require "rails/test_unit/railtie"
+# require "action_cable/engine"
+# require "rails/test_unit/railtie"
 
 # Require the gems listed in Gemfile, including any gems
 # you've limited to :test, :development, or :production.
@@ -36,9 +36,7 @@ class Application < Rails::Application
     # config.time_zone = "Central Time (US & Canada)"
     # config.eager_load_paths << Rails.root.join("extras")
 
-    # Only loads a smaller set of middleware suitable for API only apps.
-    # Middleware like session, flash, cookies can be added back manually.
-    # Skip views, helpers and assets when generating a new resource.
-    #config.api_only = true
+    # Don't generate system test files.
+    config.generators.system_tests = nil
   end
 end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/environments/development.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/environments/development.rb
index 1409a9162..992f090dc 100644
--- a/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/environments/development.rb
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/environments/development.rb
@@ -20,6 +20,9 @@
   # Enable/disable caching. By default caching is disabled.
   # Run rails dev:cache to toggle caching.
   if Rails.root.join("tmp/caching-dev.txt").exist?
+    config.action_controller.perform_caching = true
+    config.action_controller.enable_fragment_cache_logging = true
+
     config.cache_store = :memory_store
     config.public_file_server.headers = { "Cache-Control" => "public, max-age=#{2.days.to_i}" }
   else
@@ -28,9 +31,6 @@
     config.cache_store = :null_store
   end
 
-  # Store uploaded files on the local file system (see config/storage.yml for options).
-  #config.active_storage.service = :local
-
   # Print deprecation notices to the Rails logger.
   config.active_support.deprecation = :log
 
@@ -40,15 +40,6 @@
   # Tell Active Support which deprecation messages to disallow.
   config.active_support.disallowed_deprecation_warnings = []
 
-  # Raise an error on page load if there are pending migrations.
-  #config.active_record.migration_error = :page_load
-
-  # Highlight code that triggered database queries in logs.
-  #config.active_record.verbose_query_logs = true
-
-  # Highlight code that enqueued background job in logs.
-  #config.active_job.verbose_enqueue_logs = true
-
   # Raises error for missing translations.
   # config.i18n.raise_on_missing_translations = true
 
@@ -57,7 +48,4 @@
 
   # Raise error when a before_action's only/except options reference missing actions.
   config.action_controller.raise_on_missing_callback_actions = true
-
-  # Apply autocorrection by RuboCop to files generated by `bin/rails generate`.
-  # config.generators.apply_rubocop_autocorrect_after_generate!
 end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/environments/production.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/environments/production.rb
index 31d14ad7b..f50798542 100644
--- a/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/environments/production.rb
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/environments/production.rb
@@ -14,13 +14,14 @@
 
   # Full error reports are disabled and caching is turned on.
   config.consider_all_requests_local = false
+  config.action_controller.perform_caching = true
 
   # Ensures that a master key has been made available in ENV["RAILS_MASTER_KEY"], config/master.key, or an environment
   # key such as config/credentials/production.key. This key is used to decrypt credentials (and other encrypted files).
   # config.require_master_key = true
 
   # Disable serving static files from `public/`, relying on NGINX/Apache to do so instead.
-  config.public_file_server.enabled = false
+  # config.public_file_server.enabled = false
 
   # Enable serving of images, stylesheets, and JavaScripts from an asset server.
   # config.asset_host = "http://assets.example.com"
@@ -29,15 +30,12 @@
   # config.action_dispatch.x_sendfile_header = "X-Sendfile" # for Apache
   # config.action_dispatch.x_sendfile_header = "X-Accel-Redirect" # for NGINX
 
-  # Store uploaded files on the local file system (see config/storage.yml for options).
-  #config.active_storage.service = :local
-
   # Assume all access to the app is happening through a SSL-terminating reverse proxy.
   # Can be used together with config.force_ssl for Strict-Transport-Security and secure cookies.
   # config.assume_ssl = true
 
   # Force all access to the app over SSL, use Strict-Transport-Security, and use secure cookies.
-  #config.force_ssl = true
+  config.force_ssl = true
 
   # Skip http-to-https redirect for the default health check endpoint.
   # config.ssl_options = { redirect: { exclude: ->(request) { request.path == "/up" } } }
@@ -60,10 +58,6 @@
   # Use a different cache store in production.
   # config.cache_store = :mem_cache_store
 
-  # Use a real queuing backend for Active Job (and separate queues per environment).
-  # config.active_job.queue_adapter = :resque
-  # config.active_job.queue_name_prefix = "rails72_production"
-
   # Enable locale fallbacks for I18n (makes lookups for any locale fall back to
   # the I18n.default_locale when a translation cannot be found).
   config.i18n.fallbacks = true
@@ -71,12 +65,6 @@
   # Don't log any deprecations.
   config.active_support.report_deprecations = false
 
-  # Do not dump schema after migrations.
-  #config.active_record.dump_schema_after_migration = false
-
-  # Only use :id for inspections in production.
-  #config.active_record.attributes_for_inspect = [ :id ]
-
   # Enable DNS rebinding protection and other `Host` header attacks.
   # config.hosts = [
   #   "example.com",     # Allow requests from example.com
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/environments/test.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/environments/test.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..999db7091
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/environments/test.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+require "active_support/core_ext/integer/time"
+
+# The test environment is used exclusively to run your application's
+# test suite. You never need to work with it otherwise. Remember that
+# your test database is "scratch space" for the test suite and is wiped
+# and recreated between test runs. Don't rely on the data there!
+
+Rails.application.configure do
+  # Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/application.rb.
+
+  # While tests run files are not watched, reloading is not necessary.
+  config.enable_reloading = false
+
+  # Eager loading loads your entire application. When running a single test locally,
+  # this is usually not necessary, and can slow down your test suite. However, it's
+  # recommended that you enable it in continuous integration systems to ensure eager
+  # loading is working properly before deploying your code.
+  config.eager_load = ENV["CI"].present?
+
+  # Configure public file server for tests with Cache-Control for performance.
+  config.public_file_server.headers = { "Cache-Control" => "public, max-age=#{1.hour.to_i}" }
+
+  # Show full error reports and disable caching.
+  config.consider_all_requests_local = true
+  config.action_controller.perform_caching = false
+  config.cache_store = :null_store
+
+  # Render exception templates for rescuable exceptions and raise for other exceptions.
+  config.action_dispatch.show_exceptions = :rescuable
+
+  # Disable request forgery protection in test environment.
+  config.action_controller.allow_forgery_protection = false
+
+  # Print deprecation notices to the stderr.
+  config.active_support.deprecation = :stderr
+
+  # Raise exceptions for disallowed deprecations.
+  config.active_support.disallowed_deprecation = :raise
+
+  # Tell Active Support which deprecation messages to disallow.
+  config.active_support.disallowed_deprecation_warnings = []
+
+  # Raises error for missing translations.
+  # config.i18n.raise_on_missing_translations = true
+
+  # Annotate rendered view with file names.
+  # config.action_view.annotate_rendered_view_with_filenames = true
+
+  # Raise error when a before_action's only/except options reference missing actions.
+  config.action_controller.raise_on_missing_callback_actions = true
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/initializers/content_security_policy.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/initializers/content_security_policy.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b3076b38f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/initializers/content_security_policy.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Define an application-wide content security policy.
+# See the Securing Rails Applications Guide for more information:
+# https://guides.rubyonrails.org/security.html#content-security-policy-header
+
+# Rails.application.configure do
+#   config.content_security_policy do |policy|
+#     policy.default_src :self, :https
+#     policy.font_src    :self, :https, :data
+#     policy.img_src     :self, :https, :data
+#     policy.object_src  :none
+#     policy.script_src  :self, :https
+#     policy.style_src   :self, :https
+#     # Specify URI for violation reports
+#     # policy.report_uri "/csp-violation-report-endpoint"
+#   end
+#
+#   # Generate session nonces for permitted importmap, inline scripts, and inline styles.
+#   config.content_security_policy_nonce_generator = ->(request) { request.session.id.to_s }
+#   config.content_security_policy_nonce_directives = %w(script-src style-src)
+#
+#   # Report violations without enforcing the policy.
+#   # config.content_security_policy_report_only = true
+# end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/initializers/cors.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/initializers/cors.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 0c5dd99ac..000000000
--- a/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/initializers/cors.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
-
-# Avoid CORS issues when API is called from the frontend app.
-# Handle Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) in order to accept cross-origin Ajax requests.
-
-# Read more: https://github.com/cyu/rack-cors
-
-# Rails.application.config.middleware.insert_before 0, Rack::Cors do
-#   allow do
-#     origins "example.com"
-#
-#     resource "*",
-#       headers: :any,
-#       methods: [:get, :post, :put, :patch, :delete, :options, :head]
-#   end
-# end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/initializers/permissions_policy.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/initializers/permissions_policy.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7db3b9577
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/initializers/permissions_policy.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Define an application-wide HTTP permissions policy. For further
+# information see: https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2018/06/feature-policy
+
+# Rails.application.config.permissions_policy do |policy|
+#   policy.camera      :none
+#   policy.gyroscope   :none
+#   policy.microphone  :none
+#   policy.usb         :none
+#   policy.fullscreen  :self
+#   policy.payment     :self, "https://secure.example.com"
+# end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/routes.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/routes.rb
index cc34fc10f..33c963903 100644
--- a/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/routes.rb
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/routes.rb
@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 Rails.application.routes.draw do
-  get "sample/index"
   # Define your application routes per the DSL in https://guides.rubyonrails.org/routing.html
 
   # Reveal health status on /up that returns 200 if the app boots with no exceptions, otherwise 500.
   # Can be used by load balancers and uptime monitors to verify that the app is live.
   get "up" => "rails/health#show", as: :rails_health_check
 
+  # Render dynamic PWA files from app/views/pwa/*
+  get "service-worker" => "rails/pwa#service_worker", as: :pwa_service_worker
+  get "manifest" => "rails/pwa#manifest", as: :pwa_manifest
+
   # Defines the root path route ("/")
   # root "posts#index"
 end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/lib/.keep b/src/spec/stub/rails72/lib/.keep
deleted file mode 100644
index e69de29bb..000000000
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/vendor/.keep b/src/spec/stub/rails72/vendor/.keep
deleted file mode 100644
index e69de29bb..000000000

From 690b569e88ad4aaf4da448b4728515e88cfd8066 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Chad Wilson <29788154+chadlwilson@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 8 Jul 2025 15:03:32 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 5/5] [test] Generate Rails stub tests for 5.0 through 7.1

(cherry-picked from 7e9bb85d)
---
 src/spec/ruby/jruby/rack/integration_spec.rb  | 148 +++++++++++-------
 .../app/controllers/application_controller.rb |   3 +
 .../rails50/app/helpers/application_helper.rb |   2 +
 .../stub/rails50/app/jobs/application_job.rb  |   2 +
 src/spec/stub/rails50/config/application.rb   |  25 +++
 src/spec/stub/rails50/config/boot.rb          |   6 +
 src/spec/stub/rails50/config/environment.rb   |   5 +
 .../config/environments/development.rb        |  39 +++++
 .../rails50/config/environments/production.rb |  66 ++++++++
 .../stub/rails50/config/environments/test.rb  |  36 +++++
 .../application_controller_renderer.rb        |   8 +
 .../initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb       |   7 +
 .../config/initializers/cookies_serializer.rb |   5 +
 .../initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb  |   4 +
 .../config/initializers/inflections.rb        |  16 ++
 .../rails50/config/initializers/mime_types.rb |   4 +
 .../initializers/new_framework_defaults.rb    |  23 +++
 .../config/initializers/session_store.rb      |   3 +
 .../config/initializers/wrap_parameters.rb    |   9 ++
 src/spec/stub/rails50/config/locales/en.yml   |  23 +++
 src/spec/stub/rails50/config/routes.rb        |   3 +
 src/spec/stub/rails50/config/secrets.yml      |  22 +++
 src/spec/stub/rails50/db/seeds.rb             |   7 +
 src/spec/stub/rails50/public/robots.txt       |   5 +
 .../app/controllers/application_controller.rb |   2 +
 .../rails52/app/helpers/application_helper.rb |   2 +
 .../stub/rails52/app/jobs/application_job.rb  |   2 +
 src/spec/stub/rails52/config/application.rb   |  33 ++++
 src/spec/stub/rails52/config/boot.rb          |   6 +
 .../stub/rails52/config/credentials.yml.enc   |   1 +
 src/spec/stub/rails52/config/environment.rb   |   5 +
 .../config/environments/development.rb        |  40 +++++
 .../rails52/config/environments/production.rb |  68 ++++++++
 .../stub/rails52/config/environments/test.rb  |  36 +++++
 .../application_controller_renderer.rb        |   8 +
 .../initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb       |   7 +
 .../initializers/content_security_policy.rb   |  25 +++
 .../config/initializers/cookies_serializer.rb |   5 +
 .../initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb  |   4 +
 .../config/initializers/inflections.rb        |  16 ++
 .../rails52/config/initializers/mime_types.rb |   4 +
 .../config/initializers/wrap_parameters.rb    |   9 ++
 src/spec/stub/rails52/config/locales/en.yml   |  33 ++++
 src/spec/stub/rails52/config/master.key       |   1 +
 src/spec/stub/rails52/config/routes.rb        |   3 +
 src/spec/stub/rails52/public/robots.txt       |   1 +
 .../app/channels/application_cable/channel.rb |   4 +
 .../channels/application_cable/connection.rb  |   4 +
 .../app/controllers/application_controller.rb |   2 +
 .../rails60/app/helpers/application_helper.rb |   2 +
 .../stub/rails60/app/jobs/application_job.rb  |   7 +
 .../rails60/app/mailers/application_mailer.rb |   4 +
 src/spec/stub/rails60/config/application.rb   |  35 +++++
 src/spec/stub/rails60/config/boot.rb          |   6 +
 src/spec/stub/rails60/config/cable.yml        |  10 ++
 .../stub/rails60/config/credentials.yml.enc   |   1 +
 src/spec/stub/rails60/config/environment.rb   |   5 +
 .../config/environments/development.rb        |  46 ++++++
 .../rails60/config/environments/production.rb | 100 ++++++++++++
 .../stub/rails60/config/environments/test.rb  |  45 ++++++
 .../application_controller_renderer.rb        |   8 +
 .../initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb       |   7 +
 .../initializers/content_security_policy.rb   |  30 ++++
 .../config/initializers/cookies_serializer.rb |   5 +
 .../initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb  |   4 +
 .../config/initializers/inflections.rb        |  16 ++
 .../rails60/config/initializers/mime_types.rb |   4 +
 .../config/initializers/wrap_parameters.rb    |   9 ++
 src/spec/stub/rails60/config/locales/en.yml   |  33 ++++
 src/spec/stub/rails60/config/master.key       |   1 +
 src/spec/stub/rails60/config/routes.rb        |   3 +
 src/spec/stub/rails60/public/robots.txt       |   1 +
 .../app/controllers/application_controller.rb |   2 +
 .../rails61/app/helpers/application_helper.rb |   2 +
 src/spec/stub/rails61/config/application.rb   |  38 +++++
 src/spec/stub/rails61/config/boot.rb          |   6 +
 .../stub/rails61/config/credentials.yml.enc   |   1 +
 src/spec/stub/rails61/config/environment.rb   |   5 +
 .../config/environments/development.rb        |  55 +++++++
 .../rails61/config/environments/production.rb |  94 +++++++++++
 .../stub/rails61/config/environments/test.rb  |  49 ++++++
 .../application_controller_renderer.rb        |   8 +
 .../initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb       |   8 +
 .../initializers/content_security_policy.rb   |  28 ++++
 .../config/initializers/cookies_serializer.rb |   5 +
 .../initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb  |   6 +
 .../config/initializers/inflections.rb        |  16 ++
 .../rails61/config/initializers/mime_types.rb |   4 +
 .../config/initializers/permissions_policy.rb |  11 ++
 .../config/initializers/wrap_parameters.rb    |   9 ++
 src/spec/stub/rails61/config/locales/en.yml   |  33 ++++
 src/spec/stub/rails61/config/master.key       |   1 +
 src/spec/stub/rails61/config/routes.rb        |   3 +
 src/spec/stub/rails61/public/robots.txt       |   1 +
 .../app/controllers/application_controller.rb |   2 +
 .../rails70/app/helpers/application_helper.rb |   2 +
 src/spec/stub/rails70/config/application.rb   |  37 +++++
 src/spec/stub/rails70/config/boot.rb          |   5 +
 .../stub/rails70/config/credentials.yml.enc   |   1 +
 src/spec/stub/rails70/config/environment.rb   |   5 +
 .../config/environments/development.rb        |  54 +++++++
 .../rails70/config/environments/production.rb |  66 ++++++++
 .../stub/rails70/config/environments/test.rb  |  50 ++++++
 .../initializers/content_security_policy.rb   |  25 +++
 .../initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb  |   8 +
 .../config/initializers/inflections.rb        |  16 ++
 .../config/initializers/permissions_policy.rb |  11 ++
 src/spec/stub/rails70/config/locales/en.yml   |  33 ++++
 src/spec/stub/rails70/config/master.key       |   1 +
 src/spec/stub/rails70/config/puma.rb          |  43 +++++
 src/spec/stub/rails70/config/routes.rb        |   6 +
 src/spec/stub/rails70/public/robots.txt       |   1 +
 src/spec/stub/rails71/README.md               |  24 +++
 src/spec/stub/rails71/Rakefile                |   6 +
 .../app/controllers/application_controller.rb |   2 +
 .../rails71/app/helpers/application_helper.rb |   2 +
 src/spec/stub/rails71/config.ru               |   6 +
 src/spec/stub/rails71/config/application.rb   |  42 +++++
 src/spec/stub/rails71/config/boot.rb          |   3 +
 .../stub/rails71/config/credentials.yml.enc   |   1 +
 src/spec/stub/rails71/config/environment.rb   |   5 +
 .../config/environments/development.rb        |  54 +++++++
 .../rails71/config/environments/production.rb |  70 +++++++++
 .../stub/rails71/config/environments/test.rb  |  54 +++++++
 .../initializers/content_security_policy.rb   |  25 +++
 .../initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb  |   8 +
 .../config/initializers/inflections.rb        |  16 ++
 .../config/initializers/permissions_policy.rb |  13 ++
 src/spec/stub/rails71/config/locales/en.yml   |  31 ++++
 src/spec/stub/rails71/config/master.key       |   1 +
 src/spec/stub/rails71/config/puma.rb          |  44 ++++++
 src/spec/stub/rails71/config/routes.rb        |  10 ++
 src/spec/stub/rails71/public/404.html         |  67 ++++++++
 src/spec/stub/rails71/public/422.html         |  67 ++++++++
 src/spec/stub/rails71/public/500.html         |  66 ++++++++
 .../public/apple-touch-icon-precomposed.png   |   0
 .../stub/rails71/public/apple-touch-icon.png  |   0
 src/spec/stub/rails71/public/favicon.ico      |   0
 src/spec/stub/rails71/public/robots.txt       |   1 +
 .../rails72/config/environments/production.rb |   4 +-
 140 files changed, 2491 insertions(+), 56 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails50/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails50/app/helpers/application_helper.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails50/app/jobs/application_job.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails50/config/application.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails50/config/boot.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails50/config/environment.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails50/config/environments/development.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails50/config/environments/production.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails50/config/environments/test.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/application_controller_renderer.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/cookies_serializer.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/inflections.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/mime_types.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/new_framework_defaults.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/session_store.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/wrap_parameters.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails50/config/locales/en.yml
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails50/config/routes.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails50/config/secrets.yml
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails50/db/seeds.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails50/public/robots.txt
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails52/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails52/app/helpers/application_helper.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails52/app/jobs/application_job.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails52/config/application.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails52/config/boot.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails52/config/credentials.yml.enc
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails52/config/environment.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails52/config/environments/development.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails52/config/environments/production.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails52/config/environments/test.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/application_controller_renderer.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/content_security_policy.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/cookies_serializer.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/inflections.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/mime_types.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/wrap_parameters.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails52/config/locales/en.yml
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails52/config/master.key
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails52/config/routes.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails52/public/robots.txt
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails60/app/channels/application_cable/channel.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails60/app/channels/application_cable/connection.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails60/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails60/app/helpers/application_helper.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails60/app/jobs/application_job.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails60/app/mailers/application_mailer.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails60/config/application.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails60/config/boot.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails60/config/cable.yml
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails60/config/credentials.yml.enc
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails60/config/environment.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails60/config/environments/development.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails60/config/environments/production.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails60/config/environments/test.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/application_controller_renderer.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/content_security_policy.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/cookies_serializer.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/inflections.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/mime_types.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/wrap_parameters.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails60/config/locales/en.yml
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails60/config/master.key
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails60/config/routes.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails60/public/robots.txt
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails61/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails61/app/helpers/application_helper.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails61/config/application.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails61/config/boot.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails61/config/credentials.yml.enc
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails61/config/environment.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails61/config/environments/development.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails61/config/environments/production.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails61/config/environments/test.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/application_controller_renderer.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/content_security_policy.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/cookies_serializer.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/inflections.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/mime_types.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/permissions_policy.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/wrap_parameters.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails61/config/locales/en.yml
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails61/config/master.key
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails61/config/routes.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails61/public/robots.txt
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails70/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails70/app/helpers/application_helper.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails70/config/application.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails70/config/boot.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails70/config/credentials.yml.enc
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails70/config/environment.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails70/config/environments/development.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails70/config/environments/production.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails70/config/environments/test.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails70/config/initializers/content_security_policy.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails70/config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails70/config/initializers/inflections.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails70/config/initializers/permissions_policy.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails70/config/locales/en.yml
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails70/config/master.key
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails70/config/puma.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails70/config/routes.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails70/public/robots.txt
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails71/README.md
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails71/Rakefile
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails71/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails71/app/helpers/application_helper.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails71/config.ru
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails71/config/application.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails71/config/boot.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails71/config/credentials.yml.enc
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails71/config/environment.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails71/config/environments/development.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails71/config/environments/production.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails71/config/environments/test.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails71/config/initializers/content_security_policy.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails71/config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails71/config/initializers/inflections.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails71/config/initializers/permissions_policy.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails71/config/locales/en.yml
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails71/config/master.key
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails71/config/puma.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails71/config/routes.rb
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails71/public/404.html
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails71/public/422.html
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails71/public/500.html
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails71/public/apple-touch-icon-precomposed.png
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails71/public/apple-touch-icon.png
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails71/public/favicon.ico
 create mode 100644 src/spec/stub/rails71/public/robots.txt

diff --git a/src/spec/ruby/jruby/rack/integration_spec.rb b/src/spec/ruby/jruby/rack/integration_spec.rb
index d8859390c..6ed0802d5 100644
--- a/src/spec/ruby/jruby/rack/integration_spec.rb
+++ b/src/spec/ruby/jruby/rack/integration_spec.rb
@@ -84,65 +84,64 @@
 
   end
 
+  it "should have defined Rails stub tests" do
+    expect(File.foreach(__FILE__).select { |line| line.include?("describe") }).to include(/^  describe.*lib: :#{CURRENT_LIB}/),
+      "Expected rails stub tests to be defined for #{CURRENT_LIB} inside integration_spec.rb"
+    expect(File.exist?(File.join(STUB_DIR, CURRENT_LIB.to_s))).to be(true),
+      "Expected rails stub dir for #{CURRENT_LIB.to_s} to exist at #{File.join(STUB_DIR, CURRENT_LIB.to_s).inspect}"
+  end if CURRENT_LIB.to_s.include?('rails')
+
   shared_examples_for 'a rails app', :shared => true do
 
+    base_path = "file://#{STUB_DIR}/#{CURRENT_LIB.to_s}"
+
     let(:servlet_context) do
-      new_servlet_context(base_path).tap { |servlet_context| prepare_servlet_context(servlet_context) }
+      new_servlet_context(base_path).tap { |servlet_context| prepare_servlet_context(servlet_context, base_path) }
     end
 
-    it "initializes (pooling by default)" do
-      listener = org.jruby.rack.rails.RailsServletContextListener.new
-      listener.contextInitialized javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent.new(servlet_context)
+    context "runtime" do
 
-      rack_factory = servlet_context.getAttribute("rack.factory")
-      expect(rack_factory).to be_a(RackApplicationFactory)
-      expect(rack_factory).to be_a(PoolingRackApplicationFactory)
-      expect(rack_factory).to respond_to(:realFactory)
-      expect(rack_factory.realFactory).to be_a(RailsRackApplicationFactory)
+      it "initializes (pooling by default)" do
+        listener = org.jruby.rack.rails.RailsServletContextListener.new
+        listener.contextInitialized javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent.new(servlet_context)
 
-      expect(servlet_context.getAttribute("rack.context")).to be_a(RackContext)
-      expect(servlet_context.getAttribute("rack.context")).to be_a(ServletRackContext)
+        rack_factory = servlet_context.getAttribute("rack.factory")
+        expect(rack_factory).to be_a(RackApplicationFactory)
+        expect(rack_factory).to be_a(PoolingRackApplicationFactory)
+        expect(rack_factory).to respond_to(:realFactory)
+        expect(rack_factory.realFactory).to be_a(RailsRackApplicationFactory)
 
-      expect(rack_factory.getApplication).to be_a(DefaultRackApplication)
-    end
+        expect(servlet_context.getAttribute("rack.context")).to be_a(RackContext)
+        expect(servlet_context.getAttribute("rack.context")).to be_a(ServletRackContext)
 
-    it "initializes threadsafe!" do
-      servlet_context.addInitParameter('jruby.max.runtimes', '1')
+        expect(rack_factory.getApplication).to be_a(DefaultRackApplication)
+      end
 
-      listener = org.jruby.rack.rails.RailsServletContextListener.new
-      listener.contextInitialized javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent.new(servlet_context)
+      it "initializes threadsafe!" do
+        servlet_context.addInitParameter('jruby.max.runtimes', '1')
 
-      rack_factory = servlet_context.getAttribute("rack.factory")
-      expect(rack_factory).to be_a(RackApplicationFactory)
-      expect(rack_factory).to be_a(SharedRackApplicationFactory)
-      expect(rack_factory.realFactory).to be_a(RailsRackApplicationFactory)
+        listener = org.jruby.rack.rails.RailsServletContextListener.new
+        listener.contextInitialized javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent.new(servlet_context)
 
-      expect(rack_factory.getApplication).to be_a(DefaultRackApplication)
-    end
-  end
-
-  describe 'rails 7.2', lib: :rails72 do
+        rack_factory = servlet_context.getAttribute("rack.factory")
+        expect(rack_factory).to be_a(RackApplicationFactory)
+        expect(rack_factory).to be_a(SharedRackApplicationFactory)
+        expect(rack_factory.realFactory).to be_a(RailsRackApplicationFactory)
 
-    before(:all) do
-      name = :rails72 # copy_gemfile :
-      raise "Environment variable BUNDLE_GEMFILE seems to not contain #{name.to_s}" unless ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE']&.include?(name.to_s)
-      FileUtils.cp ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE'], File.join(STUB_DIR, "#{name}/Gemfile")
-      FileUtils.cp "#{ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE']}.lock", File.join(STUB_DIR, "#{name}/Gemfile.lock")
-      Dir.chdir File.join(STUB_DIR, name.to_s)
+        expect(rack_factory.getApplication).to be_a(DefaultRackApplication)
+      end
     end
 
-    def base_path; "#{STUB_DIR}/rails72" end
-
-    it_should_behave_like 'a rails app'
-
     context "initialized" do
 
+      before(:all) { copy_gemfile }
+
       before(:all) do
         initialize_rails('production', "file://#{base_path}") do |servlet_context, _|
-          prepare_servlet_context(servlet_context)
+          prepare_servlet_context(servlet_context, base_path)
         end
       end
-      after(:all)  { restore_rails }
+      after(:all) { restore_rails }
 
       it "loaded rack ~> 2.2.0" do
         @runtime = @rack_factory.getApplication.getRuntime
@@ -155,18 +154,27 @@ def base_path; "#{STUB_DIR}/rails72" end
         should_eval_as_not_nil "defined?(Rails)"
         should_eval_as_not_nil "Rails.logger"
 
-        # Rails 7.x wraps the default in a ActiveSupport::BroadcastLogger
-        should_eval_as_eql_to "Rails.logger.is_a? ActiveSupport::BroadcastLogger", true
-        should_eval_as_eql_to "Rails.logger.broadcasts.size", 1
-        should_eval_as_eql_to "Rails.logger.broadcasts.first.is_a? JRuby::Rack::Logger", true
-        # NOTE: TaggedLogging is a module that extends the logger instance:
-        should_eval_as_eql_to "Rails.logger.broadcasts.first.is_a? ActiveSupport::TaggedLogging", true
-
         # production.rb: config.log_level = 'info'
         should_eval_as_eql_to "Rails.logger.level", Logger::INFO
-        should_eval_as_eql_to "Rails.logger.broadcasts.first.level", Logger::INFO
 
-        unwrap_logger = "logger = Rails.logger.broadcasts.first;"
+        # Rails 7.1+ wraps the default in a ActiveSupport::BroadcastLogger
+        if Rails::VERSION::STRING < '7.1'
+          should_eval_as_eql_to "Rails.logger.is_a? JRuby::Rack::Logger", true
+          should_eval_as_eql_to "Rails.logger.is_a? ActiveSupport::TaggedLogging", true
+          unwrap_logger = "logger = Rails.logger;"
+        else
+          should_eval_as_not_nil "defined?(ActiveSupport::BroadcastLogger)"
+          should_eval_as_eql_to "Rails.logger.is_a? ActiveSupport::BroadcastLogger", true
+          should_eval_as_eql_to "Rails.logger.broadcasts.size", 1
+          should_eval_as_eql_to "Rails.logger.broadcasts.first.is_a? JRuby::Rack::Logger", true
+          # NOTE: TaggedLogging is a module that extends the logger instance:
+          should_eval_as_eql_to "Rails.logger.broadcasts.first.is_a? ActiveSupport::TaggedLogging", true
+
+          should_eval_as_eql_to "Rails.logger.broadcasts.first.level", Logger::INFO
+
+          unwrap_logger = "logger = Rails.logger.broadcasts.first;"
+        end
+
         # sanity check logger-silence works:
         should_eval_as_eql_to "#{unwrap_logger} logger.silence { logger.warn('from-integration-spec') }", true
 
@@ -178,9 +186,41 @@ def base_path; "#{STUB_DIR}/rails72" end
         should_eval_as_eql_to "Rails.public_path.to_s", "#{base_path}/public"
       end
 
+      it "disables rack's chunked support (by default)" do
+        @runtime = @rack_factory.getApplication.getRuntime
+        expect_to_have_monkey_patched_chunked
+      end
     end
   end
 
+  describe 'rails 5.0', lib: :rails50 do
+    it_should_behave_like 'a rails app'
+  end
+
+  describe 'rails 5.2', lib: :rails52 do
+    it_should_behave_like 'a rails app'
+  end
+
+  describe 'rails 6.0', lib: :rails60 do
+    it_should_behave_like 'a rails app'
+  end
+
+  describe 'rails 6.1', lib: :rails61 do
+    it_should_behave_like 'a rails app'
+  end
+
+  describe 'rails 7.0', lib: :rails70 do
+    it_should_behave_like 'a rails app'
+  end
+
+  describe 'rails 7.1', lib: :rails71 do
+    it_should_behave_like 'a rails app'
+  end
+
+  describe 'rails 7.2', lib: :rails72 do
+    it_should_behave_like 'a rails app'
+  end
+
   def expect_to_have_monkey_patched_chunked
     @runtime.evalScriptlet "require 'rack/chunked'"
     script = %{
@@ -215,11 +255,11 @@ def initialize_rails(env = nil, servlet_context = @servlet_context)
 
   def new_servlet_context(base_path = nil)
     servlet_context = org.jruby.rack.mock.RackLoggingMockServletContext.new base_path
-    servlet_context.logger = raise_logger(:WARN).tap { |logger| logger.setEnabled(false) }
+    servlet_context.logger = raise_logger('WARN').tap { |logger| logger.setEnabled(false) }
     servlet_context
   end
 
-  def prepare_servlet_context(servlet_context)
+  def prepare_servlet_context(servlet_context, base_path)
     set_compat_version servlet_context
     servlet_context.addInitParameter('rails.root', base_path)
     servlet_context.addInitParameter('jruby.rack.layout_class', 'FileSystemLayout')
@@ -232,10 +272,12 @@ def set_compat_version(servlet_context = @servlet_context); require 'jruby'
 
   GEMFILES_DIR = File.expand_path('../../../gemfiles', STUB_DIR)
 
-  def copy_gemfile(name)
-    # e.g. 'rails30'
-    FileUtils.cp File.join(GEMFILES_DIR, "#{name}.gemfile"), File.join(STUB_DIR, "#{name}/WEB-INF/Gemfile")
-    FileUtils.cp File.join(GEMFILES_DIR, "#{name}.gemfile.lock"), File.join(STUB_DIR, "#{name}/WEB-INF/Gemfile.lock")
+  def copy_gemfile
+    name = CURRENT_LIB.to_s
+    raise "Environment variable BUNDLE_GEMFILE seems to not contain #{name}" unless ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE']&.include?(name)
+    FileUtils.cp ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE'], File.join(STUB_DIR, "#{name}/Gemfile")
+    FileUtils.cp "#{ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE']}.lock", File.join(STUB_DIR, "#{name}/Gemfile.lock")
+    Dir.chdir File.join(STUB_DIR, name)
   end
 
   ENV_COPY = ENV.to_h
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails50/app/controllers/application_controller.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails50/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1c07694e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails50/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
+  protect_from_forgery with: :exception
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails50/app/helpers/application_helper.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails50/app/helpers/application_helper.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..de6be7945
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails50/app/helpers/application_helper.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+module ApplicationHelper
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails50/app/jobs/application_job.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails50/app/jobs/application_job.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a009ace51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails50/app/jobs/application_job.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+class ApplicationJob < ActiveJob::Base
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/application.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/application.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ad7edc7d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/application.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+require_relative 'boot'
+
+require "rails"
+# Pick the frameworks you want:
+require "active_model/railtie"
+require "active_job/railtie"
+# require "active_record/railtie"
+require "action_controller/railtie"
+# require "action_mailer/railtie"
+require "action_view/railtie"
+# require "action_cable/engine"
+# require "sprockets/railtie"
+# require "rails/test_unit/railtie"
+
+# Require the gems listed in Gemfile, including any gems
+# you've limited to :test, :development, or :production.
+Bundler.require(*Rails.groups)
+
+module Rails50
+  class Application < Rails::Application
+    # Settings in config/environments/* take precedence over those specified here.
+    # Application configuration should go into files in config/initializers
+    # -- all .rb files in that directory are automatically loaded.
+  end
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/boot.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/boot.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..aaead8a69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/boot.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE'] ||= File.expand_path('../Gemfile', __dir__)
+
+require 'bundler/setup' # Set up gems listed in the Gemfile.
+
+# workaround for https://github.com/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby/issues/1077 since https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/54264 wont be backported earlier than 7.1.
+require "logger"
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/environment.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/environment.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..426333bb4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/environment.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Load the Rails application.
+require_relative 'application'
+
+# Initialize the Rails application.
+Rails.application.initialize!
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/environments/development.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/environments/development.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2eceb89b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/environments/development.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+Rails.application.configure do
+  # Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/application.rb.
+
+  # In the development environment your application's code is reloaded on
+  # every request. This slows down response time but is perfect for development
+  # since you don't have to restart the web server when you make code changes.
+  config.cache_classes = false
+
+  # Do not eager load code on boot.
+  config.eager_load = false
+
+  # Show full error reports.
+  config.consider_all_requests_local = true
+
+  # Enable/disable caching. By default caching is disabled.
+  if Rails.root.join('tmp/caching-dev.txt').exist?
+    config.action_controller.perform_caching = true
+
+    config.cache_store = :memory_store
+    config.public_file_server.headers = {
+      'Cache-Control' => 'public, max-age=172800'
+    }
+  else
+    config.action_controller.perform_caching = false
+
+    config.cache_store = :null_store
+  end
+
+  # Print deprecation notices to the Rails logger.
+  config.active_support.deprecation = :log
+
+
+  # Raises error for missing translations
+  # config.action_view.raise_on_missing_translations = true
+
+  # Use an evented file watcher to asynchronously detect changes in source code,
+  # routes, locales, etc. This feature depends on the listen gem.
+  # config.file_watcher = ActiveSupport::EventedFileUpdateChecker
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/environments/production.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/environments/production.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6a2b17b6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/environments/production.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+Rails.application.configure do
+  # Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/application.rb.
+
+  # Code is not reloaded between requests.
+  config.cache_classes = true
+
+  # Eager load code on boot. This eager loads most of Rails and
+  # your application in memory, allowing both threaded web servers
+  # and those relying on copy on write to perform better.
+  # Rake tasks automatically ignore this option for performance.
+  config.eager_load = true
+
+  # Full error reports are disabled and caching is turned on.
+  config.consider_all_requests_local       = false
+  config.action_controller.perform_caching = true
+
+  # Disable serving static files from the `/public` folder by default since
+  # Apache or NGINX already handles this.
+  config.public_file_server.enabled = ENV['RAILS_SERVE_STATIC_FILES'].present?
+
+
+  # Enable serving of images, stylesheets, and JavaScripts from an asset server.
+  # config.action_controller.asset_host = 'http://assets.example.com'
+
+  # Specifies the header that your server uses for sending files.
+  # config.action_dispatch.x_sendfile_header = 'X-Sendfile' # for Apache
+  # config.action_dispatch.x_sendfile_header = 'X-Accel-Redirect' # for NGINX
+
+
+  # Force all access to the app over SSL, use Strict-Transport-Security, and use secure cookies.
+  # config.force_ssl = true
+
+  # Use the lowest log level to ensure availability of diagnostic information
+  # when problems arise.
+  config.log_level = :info
+
+  # Prepend all log lines with the following tags.
+  config.log_tags = [ :request_id ]
+
+  # Use a different cache store in production.
+  # config.cache_store = :mem_cache_store
+
+  # Use a real queuing backend for Active Job (and separate queues per environment)
+  # config.active_job.queue_adapter     = :resque
+  # config.active_job.queue_name_prefix = "rails50_#{Rails.env}"
+
+  # Enable locale fallbacks for I18n (makes lookups for any locale fall back to
+  # the I18n.default_locale when a translation cannot be found).
+  config.i18n.fallbacks = true
+
+  # Send deprecation notices to registered listeners.
+  config.active_support.deprecation = :notify
+
+  # Use default logging formatter so that PID and timestamp are not suppressed.
+  config.log_formatter = ::Logger::Formatter.new
+
+  # Use a different logger for distributed setups.
+  # require 'syslog/logger'
+  # config.logger = ActiveSupport::TaggedLogging.new(Syslog::Logger.new 'app-name')
+
+  if ENV["RAILS_LOG_TO_STDOUT"].present?
+    logger           = ActiveSupport::Logger.new(STDOUT)
+    logger.formatter = config.log_formatter
+    config.logger = ActiveSupport::TaggedLogging.new(logger)
+  end
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/environments/test.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/environments/test.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..60d9e0c2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/environments/test.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+Rails.application.configure do
+  # Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/application.rb.
+
+  # The test environment is used exclusively to run your application's
+  # test suite. You never need to work with it otherwise. Remember that
+  # your test database is "scratch space" for the test suite and is wiped
+  # and recreated between test runs. Don't rely on the data there!
+  config.cache_classes = true
+
+  # Do not eager load code on boot. This avoids loading your whole application
+  # just for the purpose of running a single test. If you are using a tool that
+  # preloads Rails for running tests, you may have to set it to true.
+  config.eager_load = false
+
+  # Configure public file server for tests with Cache-Control for performance.
+  config.public_file_server.enabled = true
+  config.public_file_server.headers = {
+    'Cache-Control' => 'public, max-age=3600'
+  }
+
+  # Show full error reports and disable caching.
+  config.consider_all_requests_local       = true
+  config.action_controller.perform_caching = false
+
+  # Raise exceptions instead of rendering exception templates.
+  config.action_dispatch.show_exceptions = false
+
+  # Disable request forgery protection in test environment.
+  config.action_controller.allow_forgery_protection = false
+
+  # Print deprecation notices to the stderr.
+  config.active_support.deprecation = :stderr
+
+  # Raises error for missing translations
+  # config.action_view.raise_on_missing_translations = true
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/application_controller_renderer.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/application_controller_renderer.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..89d2efab2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/application_controller_renderer.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# ActiveSupport::Reloader.to_prepare do
+#   ApplicationController.renderer.defaults.merge!(
+#     http_host: 'example.org',
+#     https: false
+#   )
+# end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..59385cdf3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# You can add backtrace silencers for libraries that you're using but don't wish to see in your backtraces.
+# Rails.backtrace_cleaner.add_silencer { |line| line =~ /my_noisy_library/ }
+
+# You can also remove all the silencers if you're trying to debug a problem that might stem from framework code.
+# Rails.backtrace_cleaner.remove_silencers!
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/cookies_serializer.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/cookies_serializer.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5a6a32d37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/cookies_serializer.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Specify a serializer for the signed and encrypted cookie jars.
+# Valid options are :json, :marshal, and :hybrid.
+Rails.application.config.action_dispatch.cookies_serializer = :json
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4a994e1e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Configure sensitive parameters which will be filtered from the log file.
+Rails.application.config.filter_parameters += [:password]
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/inflections.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/inflections.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ac033bf9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/inflections.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Add new inflection rules using the following format. Inflections
+# are locale specific, and you may define rules for as many different
+# locales as you wish. All of these examples are active by default:
+# ActiveSupport::Inflector.inflections(:en) do |inflect|
+#   inflect.plural /^(ox)$/i, '\1en'
+#   inflect.singular /^(ox)en/i, '\1'
+#   inflect.irregular 'person', 'people'
+#   inflect.uncountable %w( fish sheep )
+# end
+
+# These inflection rules are supported but not enabled by default:
+# ActiveSupport::Inflector.inflections(:en) do |inflect|
+#   inflect.acronym 'RESTful'
+# end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/mime_types.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/mime_types.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..dc1899682
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/mime_types.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Add new mime types for use in respond_to blocks:
+# Mime::Type.register "text/richtext", :rtf
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/new_framework_defaults.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/new_framework_defaults.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5aa4949b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/new_framework_defaults.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+#
+# This file contains migration options to ease your Rails 5.0 upgrade.
+#
+# Read the Guide for Upgrading Ruby on Rails for more info on each option.
+
+Rails.application.config.action_controller.raise_on_unfiltered_parameters = true
+
+# Enable per-form CSRF tokens. Previous versions had false.
+Rails.application.config.action_controller.per_form_csrf_tokens = true
+
+# Enable origin-checking CSRF mitigation. Previous versions had false.
+Rails.application.config.action_controller.forgery_protection_origin_check = true
+
+# Make Ruby 2.4 preserve the timezone of the receiver when calling `to_time`.
+# Previous versions had false.
+ActiveSupport.to_time_preserves_timezone = true
+
+# Do not halt callback chains when a callback returns false. Previous versions had true.
+ActiveSupport.halt_callback_chains_on_return_false = false
+
+# Configure SSL options to enable HSTS with subdomains. Previous versions had false.
+Rails.application.config.ssl_options = { hsts: { subdomains: true } }
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/session_store.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/session_store.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7b3c232ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/session_store.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+Rails.application.config.session_store :cookie_store, key: '_rails50_session'
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/wrap_parameters.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/wrap_parameters.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..633c1c889
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/initializers/wrap_parameters.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# This file contains settings for ActionController::ParamsWrapper which
+# is enabled by default.
+
+# Enable parameter wrapping for JSON. You can disable this by setting :format to an empty array.
+ActiveSupport.on_load(:action_controller) do
+  wrap_parameters format: [:json]
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/locales/en.yml b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/locales/en.yml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..065395716
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/locales/en.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# Files in the config/locales directory are used for internationalization
+# and are automatically loaded by Rails. If you want to use locales other
+# than English, add the necessary files in this directory.
+#
+# To use the locales, use `I18n.t`:
+#
+#     I18n.t 'hello'
+#
+# In views, this is aliased to just `t`:
+#
+#     <%= t('hello') %>
+#
+# To use a different locale, set it with `I18n.locale`:
+#
+#     I18n.locale = :es
+#
+# This would use the information in config/locales/es.yml.
+#
+# To learn more, please read the Rails Internationalization guide
+# available at http://guides.rubyonrails.org/i18n.html.
+
+en:
+  hello: "Hello world"
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/routes.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/routes.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..787824f88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/routes.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Rails.application.routes.draw do
+  # For details on the DSL available within this file, see http://guides.rubyonrails.org/routing.html
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/secrets.yml b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/secrets.yml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..bb77b0774
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails50/config/secrets.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Your secret key is used for verifying the integrity of signed cookies.
+# If you change this key, all old signed cookies will become invalid!
+
+# Make sure the secret is at least 30 characters and all random,
+# no regular words or you'll be exposed to dictionary attacks.
+# You can use `rails secret` to generate a secure secret key.
+
+# Make sure the secrets in this file are kept private
+# if you're sharing your code publicly.
+
+development:
+  secret_key_base: daaf70a166a792ee9832c7c29b4ae6e0e3d3c11f59a8630a4efb252a9ae8c49f94c9cdbb6fcb19e96578ae22aef45b79ea6b0c78fa0f2ba3ee701f75e8baed30
+
+test:
+  secret_key_base: 1c572c645125b98125007fc859d551d2ece39b8b25469b9180acd310c292baf725d45c987874908acb32806f76ad909d9de4cada1588a37fbdd0c50728229a55
+
+# Do not keep production secrets in the repository,
+# instead read values from the environment.
+production:
+  secret_key_base: <%= ENV["SECRET_KEY_BASE"] %>
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails50/db/seeds.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails50/db/seeds.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1beea2acc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails50/db/seeds.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# This file should contain all the record creation needed to seed the database with its default values.
+# The data can then be loaded with the rails db:seed command (or created alongside the database with db:setup).
+#
+# Examples:
+#
+#   movies = Movie.create([{ name: 'Star Wars' }, { name: 'Lord of the Rings' }])
+#   Character.create(name: 'Luke', movie: movies.first)
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails50/public/robots.txt b/src/spec/stub/rails50/public/robots.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3c9c7c01f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails50/public/robots.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# See http://www.robotstxt.org/robotstxt.html for documentation on how to use the robots.txt file
+#
+# To ban all spiders from the entire site uncomment the next two lines:
+# User-agent: *
+# Disallow: /
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails52/app/controllers/application_controller.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails52/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..09705d12a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails52/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails52/app/helpers/application_helper.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails52/app/helpers/application_helper.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..de6be7945
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails52/app/helpers/application_helper.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+module ApplicationHelper
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails52/app/jobs/application_job.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails52/app/jobs/application_job.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a009ace51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails52/app/jobs/application_job.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+class ApplicationJob < ActiveJob::Base
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/application.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/application.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..747a5ab9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/application.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+require_relative 'boot'
+
+require "rails"
+# Pick the frameworks you want:
+require "active_model/railtie"
+require "active_job/railtie"
+# require "active_record/railtie"
+# require "active_storage/engine"
+require "action_controller/railtie"
+# require "action_mailer/railtie"
+require "action_view/railtie"
+# require "action_cable/engine"
+# require "sprockets/railtie"
+# require "rails/test_unit/railtie"
+
+# Require the gems listed in Gemfile, including any gems
+# you've limited to :test, :development, or :production.
+Bundler.require(*Rails.groups)
+
+module Rails52
+  class Application < Rails::Application
+    # Initialize configuration defaults for originally generated Rails version.
+    config.load_defaults 5.2
+
+    # Settings in config/environments/* take precedence over those specified here.
+    # Application configuration can go into files in config/initializers
+    # -- all .rb files in that directory are automatically loaded after loading
+    # the framework and any gems in your application.
+
+    # Don't generate system test files.
+    config.generators.system_tests = nil
+  end
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/boot.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/boot.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..aaead8a69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/boot.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE'] ||= File.expand_path('../Gemfile', __dir__)
+
+require 'bundler/setup' # Set up gems listed in the Gemfile.
+
+# workaround for https://github.com/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby/issues/1077 since https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/54264 wont be backported earlier than 7.1.
+require "logger"
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/credentials.yml.enc b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/credentials.yml.enc
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a8c3024b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/credentials.yml.enc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Ne9w4AoULBHCChnLav+4TA0ZR23nhmpHOdNnRiNlPBqjWKJD2STfM4NVzlcBBfSuFhxP7fMARjI6XrD+Dzr+9te0HVtunTiAKqJ9vuT/CGaWlx91510SZH2ZHrppJ3F80twKFGIKZUoXhx321W1l3tve0sAVSYsEicbyd2sF9mPzFWemmyf+BaJEHbr+tTLcM/HhrYHNE+4GFOzgnXPkBNSeArBa4CcOC7dETQ2zDRTO1ZCp7ZDaEY5wS93sPdjzttWqt10ZoPVpogdyobGv2J8kIYtEkkgXuZSp1HH7g/nGmFa07OxgKGRYEm0OTSq9bzRcpTjDNIEjT24QdFxwBfpmM2y7sXjXjv6mrw3CQv4Rp9wnd4AAMJBwQ3cgHvMAvrJ+na2FCBXihZCoG6BIqc2wFI4QYmsBYMJv--cLGUnKCq29bH3C4e--B1rz/3d7sS0Uz3mtO4/oxg==
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/environment.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/environment.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..426333bb4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/environment.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Load the Rails application.
+require_relative 'application'
+
+# Initialize the Rails application.
+Rails.application.initialize!
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/environments/development.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/environments/development.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5426b129a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/environments/development.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+Rails.application.configure do
+  # Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/application.rb.
+
+  # In the development environment your application's code is reloaded on
+  # every request. This slows down response time but is perfect for development
+  # since you don't have to restart the web server when you make code changes.
+  config.cache_classes = false
+
+  # Do not eager load code on boot.
+  config.eager_load = false
+
+  # Show full error reports.
+  config.consider_all_requests_local = true
+
+  # Enable/disable caching. By default caching is disabled.
+  # Run rails dev:cache to toggle caching.
+  if Rails.root.join('tmp', 'caching-dev.txt').exist?
+    config.action_controller.perform_caching = true
+
+    config.cache_store = :memory_store
+    config.public_file_server.headers = {
+      'Cache-Control' => "public, max-age=#{2.days.to_i}"
+    }
+  else
+    config.action_controller.perform_caching = false
+
+    config.cache_store = :null_store
+  end
+
+  # Print deprecation notices to the Rails logger.
+  config.active_support.deprecation = :log
+
+
+  # Raises error for missing translations
+  # config.action_view.raise_on_missing_translations = true
+
+  # Use an evented file watcher to asynchronously detect changes in source code,
+  # routes, locales, etc. This feature depends on the listen gem.
+  # config.file_watcher = ActiveSupport::EventedFileUpdateChecker
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/environments/production.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/environments/production.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6b5ccc162
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/environments/production.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+Rails.application.configure do
+  # Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/application.rb.
+
+  # Code is not reloaded between requests.
+  config.cache_classes = true
+
+  # Eager load code on boot. This eager loads most of Rails and
+  # your application in memory, allowing both threaded web servers
+  # and those relying on copy on write to perform better.
+  # Rake tasks automatically ignore this option for performance.
+  config.eager_load = true
+
+  # Full error reports are disabled and caching is turned on.
+  config.consider_all_requests_local       = false
+  config.action_controller.perform_caching = true
+
+  # Ensures that a master key has been made available in either ENV["RAILS_MASTER_KEY"]
+  # or in config/master.key. This key is used to decrypt credentials (and other encrypted files).
+  # config.require_master_key = true
+
+  # Disable serving static files from the `/public` folder by default since
+  # Apache or NGINX already handles this.
+  config.public_file_server.enabled = ENV['RAILS_SERVE_STATIC_FILES'].present?
+
+  # Enable serving of images, stylesheets, and JavaScripts from an asset server.
+  # config.action_controller.asset_host = 'http://assets.example.com'
+
+  # Specifies the header that your server uses for sending files.
+  # config.action_dispatch.x_sendfile_header = 'X-Sendfile' # for Apache
+  # config.action_dispatch.x_sendfile_header = 'X-Accel-Redirect' # for NGINX
+
+  # Force all access to the app over SSL, use Strict-Transport-Security, and use secure cookies.
+  # config.force_ssl = true
+
+  # Use the lowest log level to ensure availability of diagnostic information
+  # when problems arise.
+  config.log_level = :info
+
+  # Prepend all log lines with the following tags.
+  config.log_tags = [ :request_id ]
+
+  # Use a different cache store in production.
+  # config.cache_store = :mem_cache_store
+
+  # Use a real queuing backend for Active Job (and separate queues per environment)
+  # config.active_job.queue_adapter     = :resque
+  # config.active_job.queue_name_prefix = "rails52_#{Rails.env}"
+
+  # Enable locale fallbacks for I18n (makes lookups for any locale fall back to
+  # the I18n.default_locale when a translation cannot be found).
+  config.i18n.fallbacks = true
+
+  # Send deprecation notices to registered listeners.
+  config.active_support.deprecation = :notify
+
+  # Use default logging formatter so that PID and timestamp are not suppressed.
+  config.log_formatter = ::Logger::Formatter.new
+
+  # Use a different logger for distributed setups.
+  # require 'syslog/logger'
+  # config.logger = ActiveSupport::TaggedLogging.new(Syslog::Logger.new 'app-name')
+
+  if ENV["RAILS_LOG_TO_STDOUT"].present?
+    logger           = ActiveSupport::Logger.new(STDOUT)
+    logger.formatter = config.log_formatter
+    config.logger    = ActiveSupport::TaggedLogging.new(logger)
+  end
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/environments/test.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/environments/test.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..bf3aeb3ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/environments/test.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+Rails.application.configure do
+  # Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/application.rb.
+
+  # The test environment is used exclusively to run your application's
+  # test suite. You never need to work with it otherwise. Remember that
+  # your test database is "scratch space" for the test suite and is wiped
+  # and recreated between test runs. Don't rely on the data there!
+  config.cache_classes = true
+
+  # Do not eager load code on boot. This avoids loading your whole application
+  # just for the purpose of running a single test. If you are using a tool that
+  # preloads Rails for running tests, you may have to set it to true.
+  config.eager_load = false
+
+  # Configure public file server for tests with Cache-Control for performance.
+  config.public_file_server.enabled = true
+  config.public_file_server.headers = {
+    'Cache-Control' => "public, max-age=#{1.hour.to_i}"
+  }
+
+  # Show full error reports and disable caching.
+  config.consider_all_requests_local       = true
+  config.action_controller.perform_caching = false
+
+  # Raise exceptions instead of rendering exception templates.
+  config.action_dispatch.show_exceptions = false
+
+  # Disable request forgery protection in test environment.
+  config.action_controller.allow_forgery_protection = false
+
+  # Print deprecation notices to the stderr.
+  config.active_support.deprecation = :stderr
+
+  # Raises error for missing translations
+  # config.action_view.raise_on_missing_translations = true
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/application_controller_renderer.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/application_controller_renderer.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..89d2efab2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/application_controller_renderer.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# ActiveSupport::Reloader.to_prepare do
+#   ApplicationController.renderer.defaults.merge!(
+#     http_host: 'example.org',
+#     https: false
+#   )
+# end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..59385cdf3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# You can add backtrace silencers for libraries that you're using but don't wish to see in your backtraces.
+# Rails.backtrace_cleaner.add_silencer { |line| line =~ /my_noisy_library/ }
+
+# You can also remove all the silencers if you're trying to debug a problem that might stem from framework code.
+# Rails.backtrace_cleaner.remove_silencers!
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/content_security_policy.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/content_security_policy.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d3bcaa5ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/content_security_policy.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Define an application-wide content security policy
+# For further information see the following documentation
+# https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Content-Security-Policy
+
+# Rails.application.config.content_security_policy do |policy|
+#   policy.default_src :self, :https
+#   policy.font_src    :self, :https, :data
+#   policy.img_src     :self, :https, :data
+#   policy.object_src  :none
+#   policy.script_src  :self, :https
+#   policy.style_src   :self, :https
+
+#   # Specify URI for violation reports
+#   # policy.report_uri "/csp-violation-report-endpoint"
+# end
+
+# If you are using UJS then enable automatic nonce generation
+# Rails.application.config.content_security_policy_nonce_generator = -> request { SecureRandom.base64(16) }
+
+# Report CSP violations to a specified URI
+# For further information see the following documentation:
+# https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Content-Security-Policy-Report-Only
+# Rails.application.config.content_security_policy_report_only = true
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/cookies_serializer.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/cookies_serializer.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5a6a32d37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/cookies_serializer.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Specify a serializer for the signed and encrypted cookie jars.
+# Valid options are :json, :marshal, and :hybrid.
+Rails.application.config.action_dispatch.cookies_serializer = :json
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4a994e1e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Configure sensitive parameters which will be filtered from the log file.
+Rails.application.config.filter_parameters += [:password]
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/inflections.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/inflections.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ac033bf9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/inflections.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Add new inflection rules using the following format. Inflections
+# are locale specific, and you may define rules for as many different
+# locales as you wish. All of these examples are active by default:
+# ActiveSupport::Inflector.inflections(:en) do |inflect|
+#   inflect.plural /^(ox)$/i, '\1en'
+#   inflect.singular /^(ox)en/i, '\1'
+#   inflect.irregular 'person', 'people'
+#   inflect.uncountable %w( fish sheep )
+# end
+
+# These inflection rules are supported but not enabled by default:
+# ActiveSupport::Inflector.inflections(:en) do |inflect|
+#   inflect.acronym 'RESTful'
+# end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/mime_types.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/mime_types.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..dc1899682
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/mime_types.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Add new mime types for use in respond_to blocks:
+# Mime::Type.register "text/richtext", :rtf
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/wrap_parameters.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/wrap_parameters.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..633c1c889
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/initializers/wrap_parameters.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# This file contains settings for ActionController::ParamsWrapper which
+# is enabled by default.
+
+# Enable parameter wrapping for JSON. You can disable this by setting :format to an empty array.
+ActiveSupport.on_load(:action_controller) do
+  wrap_parameters format: [:json]
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/locales/en.yml b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/locales/en.yml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..decc5a857
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/locales/en.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# Files in the config/locales directory are used for internationalization
+# and are automatically loaded by Rails. If you want to use locales other
+# than English, add the necessary files in this directory.
+#
+# To use the locales, use `I18n.t`:
+#
+#     I18n.t 'hello'
+#
+# In views, this is aliased to just `t`:
+#
+#     <%= t('hello') %>
+#
+# To use a different locale, set it with `I18n.locale`:
+#
+#     I18n.locale = :es
+#
+# This would use the information in config/locales/es.yml.
+#
+# The following keys must be escaped otherwise they will not be retrieved by
+# the default I18n backend:
+#
+# true, false, on, off, yes, no
+#
+# Instead, surround them with single quotes.
+#
+# en:
+#   'true': 'foo'
+#
+# To learn more, please read the Rails Internationalization guide
+# available at http://guides.rubyonrails.org/i18n.html.
+
+en:
+  hello: "Hello world"
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/master.key b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/master.key
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..19764a6b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/master.key
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+d1c85e30dc5fbbe6f66d8680bfe0084a
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/routes.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/routes.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..787824f88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails52/config/routes.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Rails.application.routes.draw do
+  # For details on the DSL available within this file, see http://guides.rubyonrails.org/routing.html
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails52/public/robots.txt b/src/spec/stub/rails52/public/robots.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..37b576a4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails52/public/robots.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# See http://www.robotstxt.org/robotstxt.html for documentation on how to use the robots.txt file
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails60/app/channels/application_cable/channel.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails60/app/channels/application_cable/channel.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d67269728
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails60/app/channels/application_cable/channel.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+module ApplicationCable
+  class Channel < ActionCable::Channel::Base
+  end
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails60/app/channels/application_cable/connection.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails60/app/channels/application_cable/connection.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0ff5442f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails60/app/channels/application_cable/connection.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+module ApplicationCable
+  class Connection < ActionCable::Connection::Base
+  end
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails60/app/controllers/application_controller.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails60/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..09705d12a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails60/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails60/app/helpers/application_helper.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails60/app/helpers/application_helper.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..de6be7945
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails60/app/helpers/application_helper.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+module ApplicationHelper
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails60/app/jobs/application_job.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails60/app/jobs/application_job.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d394c3d10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails60/app/jobs/application_job.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+class ApplicationJob < ActiveJob::Base
+  # Automatically retry jobs that encountered a deadlock
+  # retry_on ActiveRecord::Deadlocked
+
+  # Most jobs are safe to ignore if the underlying records are no longer available
+  # discard_on ActiveJob::DeserializationError
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails60/app/mailers/application_mailer.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails60/app/mailers/application_mailer.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..286b2239d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails60/app/mailers/application_mailer.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+class ApplicationMailer < ActionMailer::Base
+  default from: 'from@example.com'
+  layout 'mailer'
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/application.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/application.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7615e6981
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/application.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+require_relative 'boot'
+
+require "rails"
+# Pick the frameworks you want:
+require "active_model/railtie"
+require "active_job/railtie"
+# require "active_record/railtie"
+# require "active_storage/engine"
+require "action_controller/railtie"
+require "action_mailer/railtie"
+# require "action_mailbox/engine"
+# require "action_text/engine"
+require "action_view/railtie"
+require "action_cable/engine"
+# require "sprockets/railtie"
+# require "rails/test_unit/railtie"
+
+# Require the gems listed in Gemfile, including any gems
+# you've limited to :test, :development, or :production.
+Bundler.require(*Rails.groups)
+
+module Rails60
+  class Application < Rails::Application
+    # Initialize configuration defaults for originally generated Rails version.
+    config.load_defaults 6.0
+
+    # Settings in config/environments/* take precedence over those specified here.
+    # Application configuration can go into files in config/initializers
+    # -- all .rb files in that directory are automatically loaded after loading
+    # the framework and any gems in your application.
+
+    # Don't generate system test files.
+    config.generators.system_tests = nil
+  end
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/boot.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/boot.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..aaead8a69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/boot.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE'] ||= File.expand_path('../Gemfile', __dir__)
+
+require 'bundler/setup' # Set up gems listed in the Gemfile.
+
+# workaround for https://github.com/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby/issues/1077 since https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/54264 wont be backported earlier than 7.1.
+require "logger"
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/cable.yml b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/cable.yml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..debdc02e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/cable.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+development:
+  adapter: async
+
+test:
+  adapter: test
+
+production:
+  adapter: redis
+  url: <%= ENV.fetch("REDIS_URL") { "redis://localhost:6379/1" } %>
+  channel_prefix: rails60_production
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/credentials.yml.enc b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/credentials.yml.enc
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4527c803c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/credentials.yml.enc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+NAfkPXdJHQXHnJ9Qo20pbFYO361Y1u7uIKwEt0zklOwEDJx1ukvNl7de9rVB6X8KtjDJ/WfGN6ATpvD1Vr9aTz9gozmTaA1QRZulMZ9tDHIKa4SnO7hz41Uh8KtDlHhQTCuuQN3PcHcT+V5URHd3Xj7t1KjemOyeqDPiiHZg5ev+5q62QzuU5bua3ZiOqJZkFSFt4ZgBEnoh/dtQ9DGGTx81XAGuDHiqA/E/7eUabTmrQecSLns4MVaQGRxFSc+bwPpXXVAm9mPXDq3a4qIj/QQPdKWUEM9ITGDe8XCWaxuEGE4kJNd5YC4Zt4Y587MDiOfplnNjnMNdl1Ew1Cdu8go1ya/+yTLOo3zth+RFjL3iGwwRpev6iIXV3a5TMSZZBzz1ymhZY1o6vWGxdz48OyQrP/ezEvlKelq0--nnn3tWDCPv01C+/x--h+YZ49jT4YJ51LxO0zFotg==
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/environment.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/environment.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..426333bb4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/environment.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Load the Rails application.
+require_relative 'application'
+
+# Initialize the Rails application.
+Rails.application.initialize!
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/environments/development.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/environments/development.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f714abbf5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/environments/development.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+Rails.application.configure do
+  # Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/application.rb.
+
+  # In the development environment your application's code is reloaded on
+  # every request. This slows down response time but is perfect for development
+  # since you don't have to restart the web server when you make code changes.
+  config.cache_classes = false
+
+  # Do not eager load code on boot.
+  config.eager_load = false
+
+  # Show full error reports.
+  config.consider_all_requests_local = true
+
+  # Enable/disable caching. By default caching is disabled.
+  # Run rails dev:cache to toggle caching.
+  if Rails.root.join('tmp', 'caching-dev.txt').exist?
+    config.action_controller.perform_caching = true
+    config.action_controller.enable_fragment_cache_logging = true
+
+    config.cache_store = :memory_store
+    config.public_file_server.headers = {
+      'Cache-Control' => "public, max-age=#{2.days.to_i}"
+    }
+  else
+    config.action_controller.perform_caching = false
+
+    config.cache_store = :null_store
+  end
+
+  # Don't care if the mailer can't send.
+  config.action_mailer.raise_delivery_errors = false
+
+  config.action_mailer.perform_caching = false
+
+  # Print deprecation notices to the Rails logger.
+  config.active_support.deprecation = :log
+
+
+  # Raises error for missing translations.
+  # config.action_view.raise_on_missing_translations = true
+
+  # Use an evented file watcher to asynchronously detect changes in source code,
+  # routes, locales, etc. This feature depends on the listen gem.
+  # config.file_watcher = ActiveSupport::EventedFileUpdateChecker
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/environments/production.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/environments/production.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a559dd684
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/environments/production.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+Rails.application.configure do
+  # Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/application.rb.
+
+  # Code is not reloaded between requests.
+  config.cache_classes = true
+
+  # Eager load code on boot. This eager loads most of Rails and
+  # your application in memory, allowing both threaded web servers
+  # and those relying on copy on write to perform better.
+  # Rake tasks automatically ignore this option for performance.
+  config.eager_load = true
+
+  # Full error reports are disabled and caching is turned on.
+  config.consider_all_requests_local       = false
+  config.action_controller.perform_caching = true
+
+  # Ensures that a master key has been made available in either ENV["RAILS_MASTER_KEY"]
+  # or in config/master.key. This key is used to decrypt credentials (and other encrypted files).
+  # config.require_master_key = true
+
+  # Disable serving static files from the `/public` folder by default since
+  # Apache or NGINX already handles this.
+  config.public_file_server.enabled = ENV['RAILS_SERVE_STATIC_FILES'].present?
+
+  # Enable serving of images, stylesheets, and JavaScripts from an asset server.
+  # config.action_controller.asset_host = 'http://assets.example.com'
+
+  # Specifies the header that your server uses for sending files.
+  # config.action_dispatch.x_sendfile_header = 'X-Sendfile' # for Apache
+  # config.action_dispatch.x_sendfile_header = 'X-Accel-Redirect' # for NGINX
+
+  # Mount Action Cable outside main process or domain.
+  # config.action_cable.mount_path = nil
+  # config.action_cable.url = 'wss://example.com/cable'
+  # config.action_cable.allowed_request_origins = [ 'http://example.com', /http:\/\/example.*/ ]
+
+  # Force all access to the app over SSL, use Strict-Transport-Security, and use secure cookies.
+  # config.force_ssl = true
+
+  # Use the lowest log level to ensure availability of diagnostic information
+  # when problems arise.
+  config.log_level = :info
+
+  # Prepend all log lines with the following tags.
+  config.log_tags = [ :request_id ]
+
+  # Use a different cache store in production.
+  # config.cache_store = :mem_cache_store
+
+  # Use a real queuing backend for Active Job (and separate queues per environment).
+  # config.active_job.queue_adapter     = :resque
+  # config.active_job.queue_name_prefix = "rails60_production"
+
+  config.action_mailer.perform_caching = false
+
+  # Ignore bad email addresses and do not raise email delivery errors.
+  # Set this to true and configure the email server for immediate delivery to raise delivery errors.
+  # config.action_mailer.raise_delivery_errors = false
+
+  # Enable locale fallbacks for I18n (makes lookups for any locale fall back to
+  # the I18n.default_locale when a translation cannot be found).
+  config.i18n.fallbacks = true
+
+  # Send deprecation notices to registered listeners.
+  config.active_support.deprecation = :notify
+
+  # Use default logging formatter so that PID and timestamp are not suppressed.
+  config.log_formatter = ::Logger::Formatter.new
+
+  # Use a different logger for distributed setups.
+  # require 'syslog/logger'
+  # config.logger = ActiveSupport::TaggedLogging.new(Syslog::Logger.new 'app-name')
+
+  if ENV["RAILS_LOG_TO_STDOUT"].present?
+    logger           = ActiveSupport::Logger.new(STDOUT)
+    logger.formatter = config.log_formatter
+    config.logger    = ActiveSupport::TaggedLogging.new(logger)
+  end
+
+  # Inserts middleware to perform automatic connection switching.
+  # The `database_selector` hash is used to pass options to the DatabaseSelector
+  # middleware. The `delay` is used to determine how long to wait after a write
+  # to send a subsequent read to the primary.
+  #
+  # The `database_resolver` class is used by the middleware to determine which
+  # database is appropriate to use based on the time delay.
+  #
+  # The `database_resolver_context` class is used by the middleware to set
+  # timestamps for the last write to the primary. The resolver uses the context
+  # class timestamps to determine how long to wait before reading from the
+  # replica.
+  #
+  # By default Rails will store a last write timestamp in the session. The
+  # DatabaseSelector middleware is designed as such you can define your own
+  # strategy for connection switching and pass that into the middleware through
+  # these configuration options.
+  # config.active_record.database_selector = { delay: 2.seconds }
+  # config.active_record.database_resolver = ActiveRecord::Middleware::DatabaseSelector::Resolver
+  # config.active_record.database_resolver_context = ActiveRecord::Middleware::DatabaseSelector::Resolver::Session
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/environments/test.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/environments/test.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2f62f93cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/environments/test.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+# The test environment is used exclusively to run your application's
+# test suite. You never need to work with it otherwise. Remember that
+# your test database is "scratch space" for the test suite and is wiped
+# and recreated between test runs. Don't rely on the data there!
+
+Rails.application.configure do
+  # Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/application.rb.
+
+  config.cache_classes = true
+
+  # Do not eager load code on boot. This avoids loading your whole application
+  # just for the purpose of running a single test. If you are using a tool that
+  # preloads Rails for running tests, you may have to set it to true.
+  config.eager_load = false
+
+  # Configure public file server for tests with Cache-Control for performance.
+  config.public_file_server.enabled = true
+  config.public_file_server.headers = {
+    'Cache-Control' => "public, max-age=#{1.hour.to_i}"
+  }
+
+  # Show full error reports and disable caching.
+  config.consider_all_requests_local       = true
+  config.action_controller.perform_caching = false
+  config.cache_store = :null_store
+
+  # Raise exceptions instead of rendering exception templates.
+  config.action_dispatch.show_exceptions = false
+
+  # Disable request forgery protection in test environment.
+  config.action_controller.allow_forgery_protection = false
+
+  config.action_mailer.perform_caching = false
+
+  # Tell Action Mailer not to deliver emails to the real world.
+  # The :test delivery method accumulates sent emails in the
+  # ActionMailer::Base.deliveries array.
+  config.action_mailer.delivery_method = :test
+
+  # Print deprecation notices to the stderr.
+  config.active_support.deprecation = :stderr
+
+  # Raises error for missing translations.
+  # config.action_view.raise_on_missing_translations = true
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/application_controller_renderer.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/application_controller_renderer.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..89d2efab2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/application_controller_renderer.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# ActiveSupport::Reloader.to_prepare do
+#   ApplicationController.renderer.defaults.merge!(
+#     http_host: 'example.org',
+#     https: false
+#   )
+# end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..59385cdf3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# You can add backtrace silencers for libraries that you're using but don't wish to see in your backtraces.
+# Rails.backtrace_cleaner.add_silencer { |line| line =~ /my_noisy_library/ }
+
+# You can also remove all the silencers if you're trying to debug a problem that might stem from framework code.
+# Rails.backtrace_cleaner.remove_silencers!
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/content_security_policy.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/content_security_policy.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..35d0f26fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/content_security_policy.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Define an application-wide content security policy
+# For further information see the following documentation
+# https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Content-Security-Policy
+
+# Rails.application.config.content_security_policy do |policy|
+#   policy.default_src :self, :https
+#   policy.font_src    :self, :https, :data
+#   policy.img_src     :self, :https, :data
+#   policy.object_src  :none
+#   policy.script_src  :self, :https
+#   policy.style_src   :self, :https
+#   # If you are using webpack-dev-server then specify webpack-dev-server host
+#   policy.connect_src :self, :https, "http://localhost:3035", "ws://localhost:3035" if Rails.env.development?
+
+#   # Specify URI for violation reports
+#   # policy.report_uri "/csp-violation-report-endpoint"
+# end
+
+# If you are using UJS then enable automatic nonce generation
+# Rails.application.config.content_security_policy_nonce_generator = -> request { SecureRandom.base64(16) }
+
+# Set the nonce only to specific directives
+# Rails.application.config.content_security_policy_nonce_directives = %w(script-src)
+
+# Report CSP violations to a specified URI
+# For further information see the following documentation:
+# https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Content-Security-Policy-Report-Only
+# Rails.application.config.content_security_policy_report_only = true
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/cookies_serializer.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/cookies_serializer.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5a6a32d37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/cookies_serializer.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Specify a serializer for the signed and encrypted cookie jars.
+# Valid options are :json, :marshal, and :hybrid.
+Rails.application.config.action_dispatch.cookies_serializer = :json
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4a994e1e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Configure sensitive parameters which will be filtered from the log file.
+Rails.application.config.filter_parameters += [:password]
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/inflections.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/inflections.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ac033bf9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/inflections.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Add new inflection rules using the following format. Inflections
+# are locale specific, and you may define rules for as many different
+# locales as you wish. All of these examples are active by default:
+# ActiveSupport::Inflector.inflections(:en) do |inflect|
+#   inflect.plural /^(ox)$/i, '\1en'
+#   inflect.singular /^(ox)en/i, '\1'
+#   inflect.irregular 'person', 'people'
+#   inflect.uncountable %w( fish sheep )
+# end
+
+# These inflection rules are supported but not enabled by default:
+# ActiveSupport::Inflector.inflections(:en) do |inflect|
+#   inflect.acronym 'RESTful'
+# end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/mime_types.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/mime_types.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..dc1899682
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/mime_types.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Add new mime types for use in respond_to blocks:
+# Mime::Type.register "text/richtext", :rtf
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/wrap_parameters.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/wrap_parameters.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..633c1c889
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/initializers/wrap_parameters.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# This file contains settings for ActionController::ParamsWrapper which
+# is enabled by default.
+
+# Enable parameter wrapping for JSON. You can disable this by setting :format to an empty array.
+ActiveSupport.on_load(:action_controller) do
+  wrap_parameters format: [:json]
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/locales/en.yml b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/locales/en.yml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cf9b342d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/locales/en.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# Files in the config/locales directory are used for internationalization
+# and are automatically loaded by Rails. If you want to use locales other
+# than English, add the necessary files in this directory.
+#
+# To use the locales, use `I18n.t`:
+#
+#     I18n.t 'hello'
+#
+# In views, this is aliased to just `t`:
+#
+#     <%= t('hello') %>
+#
+# To use a different locale, set it with `I18n.locale`:
+#
+#     I18n.locale = :es
+#
+# This would use the information in config/locales/es.yml.
+#
+# The following keys must be escaped otherwise they will not be retrieved by
+# the default I18n backend:
+#
+# true, false, on, off, yes, no
+#
+# Instead, surround them with single quotes.
+#
+# en:
+#   'true': 'foo'
+#
+# To learn more, please read the Rails Internationalization guide
+# available at https://guides.rubyonrails.org/i18n.html.
+
+en:
+  hello: "Hello world"
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/master.key b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/master.key
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9a467de86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/master.key
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+7c54eb30c1bdb8759ce96388e43d9962
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/routes.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/routes.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c06383a17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails60/config/routes.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Rails.application.routes.draw do
+  # For details on the DSL available within this file, see https://guides.rubyonrails.org/routing.html
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails60/public/robots.txt b/src/spec/stub/rails60/public/robots.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c19f78ab6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails60/public/robots.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# See https://www.robotstxt.org/robotstxt.html for documentation on how to use the robots.txt file
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails61/app/controllers/application_controller.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails61/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..09705d12a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails61/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails61/app/helpers/application_helper.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails61/app/helpers/application_helper.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..de6be7945
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails61/app/helpers/application_helper.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+module ApplicationHelper
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/application.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/application.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9f1353e94
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/application.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+require_relative "boot"
+
+require "rails"
+# Pick the frameworks you want:
+require "active_model/railtie"
+# require "active_job/railtie"
+# require "active_record/railtie"
+# require "active_storage/engine"
+require "action_controller/railtie"
+# require "action_mailer/railtie"
+# require "action_mailbox/engine"
+# require "action_text/engine"
+require "action_view/railtie"
+# require "action_cable/engine"
+# require "sprockets/railtie"
+# require "rails/test_unit/railtie"
+
+# Require the gems listed in Gemfile, including any gems
+# you've limited to :test, :development, or :production.
+Bundler.require(*Rails.groups)
+
+module Rails61
+  class Application < Rails::Application
+    # Initialize configuration defaults for originally generated Rails version.
+    config.load_defaults 6.1
+
+    # Configuration for the application, engines, and railties goes here.
+    #
+    # These settings can be overridden in specific environments using the files
+    # in config/environments, which are processed later.
+    #
+    # config.time_zone = "Central Time (US & Canada)"
+    # config.eager_load_paths << Rails.root.join("extras")
+
+    # Don't generate system test files.
+    config.generators.system_tests = nil
+  end
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/boot.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/boot.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9e68e5f0c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/boot.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE'] ||= File.expand_path('../Gemfile', __dir__)
+
+require "bundler/setup" # Set up gems listed in the Gemfile.
+
+# workaround for https://github.com/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby/issues/1077 since https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/54264 wont be backported earlier than 7.1.
+require "logger"
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/credentials.yml.enc b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/credentials.yml.enc
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..617e129f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/credentials.yml.enc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+h7j6TBtL1MQo4aye3KuFMJqXjsojY1IPfhda51j54oYS0xgUgqz+5wlsyq7mFhh549MUTEWxaYWm1bDOooOtMKrIuUzDkXfgyZLWyvhMtfGRbe74a/SGS+M8SDXN65XgeVcYpiZxIHmTeXj/FQ2t3nXjXkQV1g892+XFzgB1mYE59B6B1b21m0lVVSKMXHZhVguZEMnAB6sdVDIdQQA2xOFllnVcIdAvifHE0GYKgALCgdVeRDs1Ob3xZp0cXaZBqGl27lR1a+8MyR1ZDwZ08aysmtzY4koUE6JR5Auv3SBpVr0xXihTWZB55/H0b6t1SXiGRr06EnsM1libanIX1II36IBcsi4MOMLjj89KDUaLOTfbFMtcRMh+r7YHZEgIQksMVl6yxQVH3tjzlbgPXC5alj+sICKsh1ve--YuCA+1XrgTwmE0Oc--JvkiuzV70g4zSz7VF3/21w==
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/environment.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/environment.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cac531577
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/environment.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Load the Rails application.
+require_relative "application"
+
+# Initialize the Rails application.
+Rails.application.initialize!
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/environments/development.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/environments/development.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1181937f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/environments/development.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+require "active_support/core_ext/integer/time"
+
+Rails.application.configure do
+  # Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/application.rb.
+
+  # In the development environment your application's code is reloaded any time
+  # it changes. This slows down response time but is perfect for development
+  # since you don't have to restart the web server when you make code changes.
+  config.cache_classes = false
+
+  # Do not eager load code on boot.
+  config.eager_load = false
+
+  # Show full error reports.
+  config.consider_all_requests_local = true
+
+  # Enable/disable caching. By default caching is disabled.
+  # Run rails dev:cache to toggle caching.
+  if Rails.root.join('tmp', 'caching-dev.txt').exist?
+    config.action_controller.perform_caching = true
+    config.action_controller.enable_fragment_cache_logging = true
+
+    config.cache_store = :memory_store
+    config.public_file_server.headers = {
+      'Cache-Control' => "public, max-age=#{2.days.to_i}"
+    }
+  else
+    config.action_controller.perform_caching = false
+
+    config.cache_store = :null_store
+  end
+
+  # Print deprecation notices to the Rails logger.
+  config.active_support.deprecation = :log
+
+  # Raise exceptions for disallowed deprecations.
+  config.active_support.disallowed_deprecation = :raise
+
+  # Tell Active Support which deprecation messages to disallow.
+  config.active_support.disallowed_deprecation_warnings = []
+
+
+  # Raises error for missing translations.
+  # config.i18n.raise_on_missing_translations = true
+
+  # Annotate rendered view with file names.
+  # config.action_view.annotate_rendered_view_with_filenames = true
+
+  # Use an evented file watcher to asynchronously detect changes in source code,
+  # routes, locales, etc. This feature depends on the listen gem.
+  # config.file_watcher = ActiveSupport::EventedFileUpdateChecker
+
+  # Uncomment if you wish to allow Action Cable access from any origin.
+  # config.action_cable.disable_request_forgery_protection = true
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/environments/production.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/environments/production.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0d5988d60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/environments/production.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+require "active_support/core_ext/integer/time"
+
+Rails.application.configure do
+  # Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/application.rb.
+
+  # Code is not reloaded between requests.
+  config.cache_classes = true
+
+  # Eager load code on boot. This eager loads most of Rails and
+  # your application in memory, allowing both threaded web servers
+  # and those relying on copy on write to perform better.
+  # Rake tasks automatically ignore this option for performance.
+  config.eager_load = true
+
+  # Full error reports are disabled and caching is turned on.
+  config.consider_all_requests_local       = false
+  config.action_controller.perform_caching = true
+
+  # Ensures that a master key has been made available in either ENV["RAILS_MASTER_KEY"]
+  # or in config/master.key. This key is used to decrypt credentials (and other encrypted files).
+  # config.require_master_key = true
+
+  # Disable serving static files from the `/public` folder by default since
+  # Apache or NGINX already handles this.
+  config.public_file_server.enabled = ENV['RAILS_SERVE_STATIC_FILES'].present?
+
+  # Enable serving of images, stylesheets, and JavaScripts from an asset server.
+  # config.asset_host = 'http://assets.example.com'
+
+  # Specifies the header that your server uses for sending files.
+  # config.action_dispatch.x_sendfile_header = 'X-Sendfile' # for Apache
+  # config.action_dispatch.x_sendfile_header = 'X-Accel-Redirect' # for NGINX
+
+  # Force all access to the app over SSL, use Strict-Transport-Security, and use secure cookies.
+  # config.force_ssl = true
+
+  # Include generic and useful information about system operation, but avoid logging too much
+  # information to avoid inadvertent exposure of personally identifiable information (PII).
+  config.log_level = :info
+
+  # Prepend all log lines with the following tags.
+  config.log_tags = [ :request_id ]
+
+  # Use a different cache store in production.
+  # config.cache_store = :mem_cache_store
+
+
+  # Enable locale fallbacks for I18n (makes lookups for any locale fall back to
+  # the I18n.default_locale when a translation cannot be found).
+  config.i18n.fallbacks = true
+
+  # Send deprecation notices to registered listeners.
+  config.active_support.deprecation = :notify
+
+  # Log disallowed deprecations.
+  config.active_support.disallowed_deprecation = :log
+
+  # Tell Active Support which deprecation messages to disallow.
+  config.active_support.disallowed_deprecation_warnings = []
+
+  # Use default logging formatter so that PID and timestamp are not suppressed.
+  config.log_formatter = ::Logger::Formatter.new
+
+  # Use a different logger for distributed setups.
+  # require "syslog/logger"
+  # config.logger = ActiveSupport::TaggedLogging.new(Syslog::Logger.new 'app-name')
+
+  if ENV["RAILS_LOG_TO_STDOUT"].present?
+    logger           = ActiveSupport::Logger.new(STDOUT)
+    logger.formatter = config.log_formatter
+    config.logger    = ActiveSupport::TaggedLogging.new(logger)
+  end
+
+  # Inserts middleware to perform automatic connection switching.
+  # The `database_selector` hash is used to pass options to the DatabaseSelector
+  # middleware. The `delay` is used to determine how long to wait after a write
+  # to send a subsequent read to the primary.
+  #
+  # The `database_resolver` class is used by the middleware to determine which
+  # database is appropriate to use based on the time delay.
+  #
+  # The `database_resolver_context` class is used by the middleware to set
+  # timestamps for the last write to the primary. The resolver uses the context
+  # class timestamps to determine how long to wait before reading from the
+  # replica.
+  #
+  # By default Rails will store a last write timestamp in the session. The
+  # DatabaseSelector middleware is designed as such you can define your own
+  # strategy for connection switching and pass that into the middleware through
+  # these configuration options.
+  # config.active_record.database_selector = { delay: 2.seconds }
+  # config.active_record.database_resolver = ActiveRecord::Middleware::DatabaseSelector::Resolver
+  # config.active_record.database_resolver_context = ActiveRecord::Middleware::DatabaseSelector::Resolver::Session
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/environments/test.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/environments/test.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9fa79ddf0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/environments/test.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+require "active_support/core_ext/integer/time"
+
+# The test environment is used exclusively to run your application's
+# test suite. You never need to work with it otherwise. Remember that
+# your test database is "scratch space" for the test suite and is wiped
+# and recreated between test runs. Don't rely on the data there!
+
+Rails.application.configure do
+  # Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/application.rb.
+
+  config.cache_classes = true
+
+  # Do not eager load code on boot. This avoids loading your whole application
+  # just for the purpose of running a single test. If you are using a tool that
+  # preloads Rails for running tests, you may have to set it to true.
+  config.eager_load = false
+
+  # Configure public file server for tests with Cache-Control for performance.
+  config.public_file_server.enabled = true
+  config.public_file_server.headers = {
+    'Cache-Control' => "public, max-age=#{1.hour.to_i}"
+  }
+
+  # Show full error reports and disable caching.
+  config.consider_all_requests_local       = true
+  config.action_controller.perform_caching = false
+  config.cache_store = :null_store
+
+  # Raise exceptions instead of rendering exception templates.
+  config.action_dispatch.show_exceptions = false
+
+  # Disable request forgery protection in test environment.
+  config.action_controller.allow_forgery_protection = false
+
+  # Print deprecation notices to the stderr.
+  config.active_support.deprecation = :stderr
+
+  # Raise exceptions for disallowed deprecations.
+  config.active_support.disallowed_deprecation = :raise
+
+  # Tell Active Support which deprecation messages to disallow.
+  config.active_support.disallowed_deprecation_warnings = []
+
+  # Raises error for missing translations.
+  # config.i18n.raise_on_missing_translations = true
+
+  # Annotate rendered view with file names.
+  # config.action_view.annotate_rendered_view_with_filenames = true
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/application_controller_renderer.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/application_controller_renderer.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..89d2efab2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/application_controller_renderer.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# ActiveSupport::Reloader.to_prepare do
+#   ApplicationController.renderer.defaults.merge!(
+#     http_host: 'example.org',
+#     https: false
+#   )
+# end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..33699c309
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# You can add backtrace silencers for libraries that you're using but don't wish to see in your backtraces.
+# Rails.backtrace_cleaner.add_silencer { |line| /my_noisy_library/.match?(line) }
+
+# You can also remove all the silencers if you're trying to debug a problem that might stem from framework code
+# by setting BACKTRACE=1 before calling your invocation, like "BACKTRACE=1 ./bin/rails runner 'MyClass.perform'".
+Rails.backtrace_cleaner.remove_silencers! if ENV["BACKTRACE"]
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/content_security_policy.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/content_security_policy.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..41c43016f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/content_security_policy.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Define an application-wide content security policy
+# For further information see the following documentation
+# https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Content-Security-Policy
+
+# Rails.application.config.content_security_policy do |policy|
+#   policy.default_src :self, :https
+#   policy.font_src    :self, :https, :data
+#   policy.img_src     :self, :https, :data
+#   policy.object_src  :none
+#   policy.script_src  :self, :https
+#   policy.style_src   :self, :https
+
+#   # Specify URI for violation reports
+#   # policy.report_uri "/csp-violation-report-endpoint"
+# end
+
+# If you are using UJS then enable automatic nonce generation
+# Rails.application.config.content_security_policy_nonce_generator = -> request { SecureRandom.base64(16) }
+
+# Set the nonce only to specific directives
+# Rails.application.config.content_security_policy_nonce_directives = %w(script-src)
+
+# Report CSP violations to a specified URI
+# For further information see the following documentation:
+# https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Content-Security-Policy-Report-Only
+# Rails.application.config.content_security_policy_report_only = true
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/cookies_serializer.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/cookies_serializer.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5a6a32d37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/cookies_serializer.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Specify a serializer for the signed and encrypted cookie jars.
+# Valid options are :json, :marshal, and :hybrid.
+Rails.application.config.action_dispatch.cookies_serializer = :json
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4b34a0366
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Configure sensitive parameters which will be filtered from the log file.
+Rails.application.config.filter_parameters += [
+  :passw, :secret, :token, :_key, :crypt, :salt, :certificate, :otp, :ssn
+]
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/inflections.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/inflections.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ac033bf9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/inflections.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Add new inflection rules using the following format. Inflections
+# are locale specific, and you may define rules for as many different
+# locales as you wish. All of these examples are active by default:
+# ActiveSupport::Inflector.inflections(:en) do |inflect|
+#   inflect.plural /^(ox)$/i, '\1en'
+#   inflect.singular /^(ox)en/i, '\1'
+#   inflect.irregular 'person', 'people'
+#   inflect.uncountable %w( fish sheep )
+# end
+
+# These inflection rules are supported but not enabled by default:
+# ActiveSupport::Inflector.inflections(:en) do |inflect|
+#   inflect.acronym 'RESTful'
+# end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/mime_types.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/mime_types.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..dc1899682
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/mime_types.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Add new mime types for use in respond_to blocks:
+# Mime::Type.register "text/richtext", :rtf
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/permissions_policy.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/permissions_policy.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..00f64d71b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/permissions_policy.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# Define an application-wide HTTP permissions policy. For further
+# information see https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2018/06/feature-policy
+#
+# Rails.application.config.permissions_policy do |f|
+#   f.camera      :none
+#   f.gyroscope   :none
+#   f.microphone  :none
+#   f.usb         :none
+#   f.fullscreen  :self
+#   f.payment     :self, "https://secure.example.com"
+# end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/wrap_parameters.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/wrap_parameters.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..633c1c889
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/initializers/wrap_parameters.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# This file contains settings for ActionController::ParamsWrapper which
+# is enabled by default.
+
+# Enable parameter wrapping for JSON. You can disable this by setting :format to an empty array.
+ActiveSupport.on_load(:action_controller) do
+  wrap_parameters format: [:json]
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/locales/en.yml b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/locales/en.yml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cf9b342d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/locales/en.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# Files in the config/locales directory are used for internationalization
+# and are automatically loaded by Rails. If you want to use locales other
+# than English, add the necessary files in this directory.
+#
+# To use the locales, use `I18n.t`:
+#
+#     I18n.t 'hello'
+#
+# In views, this is aliased to just `t`:
+#
+#     <%= t('hello') %>
+#
+# To use a different locale, set it with `I18n.locale`:
+#
+#     I18n.locale = :es
+#
+# This would use the information in config/locales/es.yml.
+#
+# The following keys must be escaped otherwise they will not be retrieved by
+# the default I18n backend:
+#
+# true, false, on, off, yes, no
+#
+# Instead, surround them with single quotes.
+#
+# en:
+#   'true': 'foo'
+#
+# To learn more, please read the Rails Internationalization guide
+# available at https://guides.rubyonrails.org/i18n.html.
+
+en:
+  hello: "Hello world"
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/master.key b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/master.key
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..bd61b157b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/master.key
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+41965057759dc9068cf6c6ee8a971b61
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/routes.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/routes.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c06383a17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails61/config/routes.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Rails.application.routes.draw do
+  # For details on the DSL available within this file, see https://guides.rubyonrails.org/routing.html
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails61/public/robots.txt b/src/spec/stub/rails61/public/robots.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c19f78ab6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails61/public/robots.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# See https://www.robotstxt.org/robotstxt.html for documentation on how to use the robots.txt file
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails70/app/controllers/application_controller.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails70/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..09705d12a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails70/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails70/app/helpers/application_helper.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails70/app/helpers/application_helper.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..de6be7945
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails70/app/helpers/application_helper.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+module ApplicationHelper
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/application.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/application.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..44477b8d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/application.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+require_relative "boot"
+
+require "rails"
+# Pick the frameworks you want:
+require "active_model/railtie"
+# require "active_job/railtie"
+# require "active_record/railtie"
+# require "active_storage/engine"
+require "action_controller/railtie"
+# require "action_mailer/railtie"
+# require "action_mailbox/engine"
+# require "action_text/engine"
+require "action_view/railtie"
+# require "action_cable/engine"
+# require "rails/test_unit/railtie"
+
+# Require the gems listed in Gemfile, including any gems
+# you've limited to :test, :development, or :production.
+Bundler.require(*Rails.groups)
+
+module Rails70
+  class Application < Rails::Application
+    # Initialize configuration defaults for originally generated Rails version.
+    config.load_defaults 7.0
+
+    # Configuration for the application, engines, and railties goes here.
+    #
+    # These settings can be overridden in specific environments using the files
+    # in config/environments, which are processed later.
+    #
+    # config.time_zone = "Central Time (US & Canada)"
+    # config.eager_load_paths << Rails.root.join("extras")
+
+    # Don't generate system test files.
+    config.generators.system_tests = nil
+  end
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/boot.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/boot.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0980b3ef5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/boot.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+ENV["BUNDLE_GEMFILE"] ||= File.expand_path("../Gemfile", __dir__)
+
+require "bundler/setup" # Set up gems listed in the Gemfile.
+# workaround for https://github.com/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby/issues/1077 since https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/54264 wont be backported earlier than 7.1.
+require "logger"
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/credentials.yml.enc b/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/credentials.yml.enc
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..11e04461a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/credentials.yml.enc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Ks8WMqYXI67JiLvqB2XFPU1q+c0phvGDsA4VkaSNJvsZKx3kog3FfnkmGOzK1J7elI+RbI39JzkJrfFyPuglERXgMK+/thpJYKWwhmU1AGsTjSJfumB5jIHIVJhMh1TYKZmas1lzV0SlzUpqJy9UcyucYwqXdCHGyTcHugiv0zwelMO3M/KCDEssNWSAi1fV7lKj/eIdkgE4lOX6XpfF58085OJ5BUZWWKSK1vBq0+xxv8czG7UxaLCv8xu5MEwnhztruuKPE4gV7eVbHcKHfJTibA2MNY1G4LJk9G+wLkg8GIf+oSyB81Y+mTfcaii2fN9FP2+d0aASFYRT6LX1HAnLybxhK5yCLBOK5Hb414TntUwTnun4a+LObZCOcBcFVvC/a3KdDIXfaTvQw72oMz6qcq5YeAkSaWv4--1vC+tsi2Y0YsIwOi--pMvCIu1i4YfRyVxVYg7MIg==
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/environment.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/environment.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cac531577
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/environment.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Load the Rails application.
+require_relative "application"
+
+# Initialize the Rails application.
+Rails.application.initialize!
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/environments/development.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/environments/development.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6df11e560
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/environments/development.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+require "active_support/core_ext/integer/time"
+
+Rails.application.configure do
+  # Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/application.rb.
+
+  # In the development environment your application's code is reloaded any time
+  # it changes. This slows down response time but is perfect for development
+  # since you don't have to restart the web server when you make code changes.
+  config.cache_classes = false
+
+  # Do not eager load code on boot.
+  config.eager_load = false
+
+  # Show full error reports.
+  config.consider_all_requests_local = true
+
+  # Enable server timing
+  config.server_timing = true
+
+  # Enable/disable caching. By default caching is disabled.
+  # Run rails dev:cache to toggle caching.
+  if Rails.root.join("tmp/caching-dev.txt").exist?
+    config.action_controller.perform_caching = true
+    config.action_controller.enable_fragment_cache_logging = true
+
+    config.cache_store = :memory_store
+    config.public_file_server.headers = {
+      "Cache-Control" => "public, max-age=#{2.days.to_i}"
+    }
+  else
+    config.action_controller.perform_caching = false
+
+    config.cache_store = :null_store
+  end
+
+  # Print deprecation notices to the Rails logger.
+  config.active_support.deprecation = :log
+
+  # Raise exceptions for disallowed deprecations.
+  config.active_support.disallowed_deprecation = :raise
+
+  # Tell Active Support which deprecation messages to disallow.
+  config.active_support.disallowed_deprecation_warnings = []
+
+
+  # Raises error for missing translations.
+  # config.i18n.raise_on_missing_translations = true
+
+  # Annotate rendered view with file names.
+  # config.action_view.annotate_rendered_view_with_filenames = true
+
+  # Uncomment if you wish to allow Action Cable access from any origin.
+  # config.action_cable.disable_request_forgery_protection = true
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/environments/production.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/environments/production.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..061063854
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/environments/production.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+require "active_support/core_ext/integer/time"
+
+Rails.application.configure do
+  # Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/application.rb.
+
+  # Code is not reloaded between requests.
+  config.cache_classes = true
+
+  # Eager load code on boot. This eager loads most of Rails and
+  # your application in memory, allowing both threaded web servers
+  # and those relying on copy on write to perform better.
+  # Rake tasks automatically ignore this option for performance.
+  config.eager_load = true
+
+  # Full error reports are disabled and caching is turned on.
+  config.consider_all_requests_local       = false
+  config.action_controller.perform_caching = true
+
+  # Ensures that a master key has been made available in either ENV["RAILS_MASTER_KEY"]
+  # or in config/master.key. This key is used to decrypt credentials (and other encrypted files).
+  # config.require_master_key = true
+
+  # Disable serving static files from the `/public` folder by default since
+  # Apache or NGINX already handles this.
+  config.public_file_server.enabled = ENV["RAILS_SERVE_STATIC_FILES"].present?
+
+  # Enable serving of images, stylesheets, and JavaScripts from an asset server.
+  # config.asset_host = "http://assets.example.com"
+
+  # Specifies the header that your server uses for sending files.
+  # config.action_dispatch.x_sendfile_header = "X-Sendfile" # for Apache
+  # config.action_dispatch.x_sendfile_header = "X-Accel-Redirect" # for NGINX
+
+  # Force all access to the app over SSL, use Strict-Transport-Security, and use secure cookies.
+  # config.force_ssl = true
+
+  # Include generic and useful information about system operation, but avoid logging too much
+  # information to avoid inadvertent exposure of personally identifiable information (PII).
+  config.log_level = :info
+
+  # Prepend all log lines with the following tags.
+  config.log_tags = [ :request_id ]
+
+  # Use a different cache store in production.
+  # config.cache_store = :mem_cache_store
+
+  # Enable locale fallbacks for I18n (makes lookups for any locale fall back to
+  # the I18n.default_locale when a translation cannot be found).
+  config.i18n.fallbacks = true
+
+  # Don't log any deprecations.
+  config.active_support.report_deprecations = false
+
+  # Use default logging formatter so that PID and timestamp are not suppressed.
+  config.log_formatter = ::Logger::Formatter.new
+
+  # Use a different logger for distributed setups.
+  # require "syslog/logger"
+  # config.logger = ActiveSupport::TaggedLogging.new(Syslog::Logger.new "app-name")
+
+  if ENV["RAILS_LOG_TO_STDOUT"].present?
+    logger           = ActiveSupport::Logger.new(STDOUT)
+    logger.formatter = config.log_formatter
+    config.logger    = ActiveSupport::TaggedLogging.new(logger)
+  end
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/environments/test.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/environments/test.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..eb2f1716c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/environments/test.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+require "active_support/core_ext/integer/time"
+
+# The test environment is used exclusively to run your application's
+# test suite. You never need to work with it otherwise. Remember that
+# your test database is "scratch space" for the test suite and is wiped
+# and recreated between test runs. Don't rely on the data there!
+
+Rails.application.configure do
+  # Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/application.rb.
+
+  # Turn false under Spring and add config.action_view.cache_template_loading = true.
+  config.cache_classes = true
+
+  # Eager loading loads your whole application. When running a single test locally,
+  # this probably isn't necessary. It's a good idea to do in a continuous integration
+  # system, or in some way before deploying your code.
+  config.eager_load = ENV["CI"].present?
+
+  # Configure public file server for tests with Cache-Control for performance.
+  config.public_file_server.enabled = true
+  config.public_file_server.headers = {
+    "Cache-Control" => "public, max-age=#{1.hour.to_i}"
+  }
+
+  # Show full error reports and disable caching.
+  config.consider_all_requests_local       = true
+  config.action_controller.perform_caching = false
+  config.cache_store = :null_store
+
+  # Raise exceptions instead of rendering exception templates.
+  config.action_dispatch.show_exceptions = false
+
+  # Disable request forgery protection in test environment.
+  config.action_controller.allow_forgery_protection = false
+
+  # Print deprecation notices to the stderr.
+  config.active_support.deprecation = :stderr
+
+  # Raise exceptions for disallowed deprecations.
+  config.active_support.disallowed_deprecation = :raise
+
+  # Tell Active Support which deprecation messages to disallow.
+  config.active_support.disallowed_deprecation_warnings = []
+
+  # Raises error for missing translations.
+  # config.i18n.raise_on_missing_translations = true
+
+  # Annotate rendered view with file names.
+  # config.action_view.annotate_rendered_view_with_filenames = true
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/initializers/content_security_policy.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/initializers/content_security_policy.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..54f47cf15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/initializers/content_security_policy.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Define an application-wide content security policy.
+# See the Securing Rails Applications Guide for more information:
+# https://guides.rubyonrails.org/security.html#content-security-policy-header
+
+# Rails.application.configure do
+#   config.content_security_policy do |policy|
+#     policy.default_src :self, :https
+#     policy.font_src    :self, :https, :data
+#     policy.img_src     :self, :https, :data
+#     policy.object_src  :none
+#     policy.script_src  :self, :https
+#     policy.style_src   :self, :https
+#     # Specify URI for violation reports
+#     # policy.report_uri "/csp-violation-report-endpoint"
+#   end
+#
+#   # Generate session nonces for permitted importmap and inline scripts
+#   config.content_security_policy_nonce_generator = ->(request) { request.session.id.to_s }
+#   config.content_security_policy_nonce_directives = %w(script-src)
+#
+#   # Report violations without enforcing the policy.
+#   # config.content_security_policy_report_only = true
+# end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..adc6568ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Configure parameters to be filtered from the log file. Use this to limit dissemination of
+# sensitive information. See the ActiveSupport::ParameterFilter documentation for supported
+# notations and behaviors.
+Rails.application.config.filter_parameters += [
+  :passw, :secret, :token, :_key, :crypt, :salt, :certificate, :otp, :ssn
+]
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/initializers/inflections.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/initializers/inflections.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3860f659e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/initializers/inflections.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Add new inflection rules using the following format. Inflections
+# are locale specific, and you may define rules for as many different
+# locales as you wish. All of these examples are active by default:
+# ActiveSupport::Inflector.inflections(:en) do |inflect|
+#   inflect.plural /^(ox)$/i, "\\1en"
+#   inflect.singular /^(ox)en/i, "\\1"
+#   inflect.irregular "person", "people"
+#   inflect.uncountable %w( fish sheep )
+# end
+
+# These inflection rules are supported but not enabled by default:
+# ActiveSupport::Inflector.inflections(:en) do |inflect|
+#   inflect.acronym "RESTful"
+# end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/initializers/permissions_policy.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/initializers/permissions_policy.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..00f64d71b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/initializers/permissions_policy.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# Define an application-wide HTTP permissions policy. For further
+# information see https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2018/06/feature-policy
+#
+# Rails.application.config.permissions_policy do |f|
+#   f.camera      :none
+#   f.gyroscope   :none
+#   f.microphone  :none
+#   f.usb         :none
+#   f.fullscreen  :self
+#   f.payment     :self, "https://secure.example.com"
+# end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/locales/en.yml b/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/locales/en.yml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8ca56fc74
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/locales/en.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# Files in the config/locales directory are used for internationalization
+# and are automatically loaded by Rails. If you want to use locales other
+# than English, add the necessary files in this directory.
+#
+# To use the locales, use `I18n.t`:
+#
+#     I18n.t "hello"
+#
+# In views, this is aliased to just `t`:
+#
+#     <%= t("hello") %>
+#
+# To use a different locale, set it with `I18n.locale`:
+#
+#     I18n.locale = :es
+#
+# This would use the information in config/locales/es.yml.
+#
+# The following keys must be escaped otherwise they will not be retrieved by
+# the default I18n backend:
+#
+# true, false, on, off, yes, no
+#
+# Instead, surround them with single quotes.
+#
+# en:
+#   "true": "foo"
+#
+# To learn more, please read the Rails Internationalization guide
+# available at https://guides.rubyonrails.org/i18n.html.
+
+en:
+  hello: "Hello world"
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/master.key b/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/master.key
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2d6deb451
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/master.key
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+61cbceab4f72f0eb29a43fad2807a128
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/puma.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/puma.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..daaf03699
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/puma.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# Puma can serve each request in a thread from an internal thread pool.
+# The `threads` method setting takes two numbers: a minimum and maximum.
+# Any libraries that use thread pools should be configured to match
+# the maximum value specified for Puma. Default is set to 5 threads for minimum
+# and maximum; this matches the default thread size of Active Record.
+#
+max_threads_count = ENV.fetch("RAILS_MAX_THREADS") { 5 }
+min_threads_count = ENV.fetch("RAILS_MIN_THREADS") { max_threads_count }
+threads min_threads_count, max_threads_count
+
+# Specifies the `worker_timeout` threshold that Puma will use to wait before
+# terminating a worker in development environments.
+#
+worker_timeout 3600 if ENV.fetch("RAILS_ENV", "development") == "development"
+
+# Specifies the `port` that Puma will listen on to receive requests; default is 3000.
+#
+port ENV.fetch("PORT") { 3000 }
+
+# Specifies the `environment` that Puma will run in.
+#
+environment ENV.fetch("RAILS_ENV") { "development" }
+
+# Specifies the `pidfile` that Puma will use.
+pidfile ENV.fetch("PIDFILE") { "tmp/pids/server.pid" }
+
+# Specifies the number of `workers` to boot in clustered mode.
+# Workers are forked web server processes. If using threads and workers together
+# the concurrency of the application would be max `threads` * `workers`.
+# Workers do not work on JRuby or Windows (both of which do not support
+# processes).
+#
+# workers ENV.fetch("WEB_CONCURRENCY") { 2 }
+
+# Use the `preload_app!` method when specifying a `workers` number.
+# This directive tells Puma to first boot the application and load code
+# before forking the application. This takes advantage of Copy On Write
+# process behavior so workers use less memory.
+#
+# preload_app!
+
+# Allow puma to be restarted by `bin/rails restart` command.
+plugin :tmp_restart
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/routes.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/routes.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..262ffd547
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails70/config/routes.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Rails.application.routes.draw do
+  # Define your application routes per the DSL in https://guides.rubyonrails.org/routing.html
+
+  # Defines the root path route ("/")
+  # root "articles#index"
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails70/public/robots.txt b/src/spec/stub/rails70/public/robots.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c19f78ab6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails70/public/robots.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# See https://www.robotstxt.org/robotstxt.html for documentation on how to use the robots.txt file
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails71/README.md b/src/spec/stub/rails71/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7db80e4ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails71/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+# README
+
+This README would normally document whatever steps are necessary to get the
+application up and running.
+
+Things you may want to cover:
+
+* Ruby version
+
+* System dependencies
+
+* Configuration
+
+* Database creation
+
+* Database initialization
+
+* How to run the test suite
+
+* Services (job queues, cache servers, search engines, etc.)
+
+* Deployment instructions
+
+* ...
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails71/Rakefile b/src/spec/stub/rails71/Rakefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9a5ea7383
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails71/Rakefile
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# Add your own tasks in files placed in lib/tasks ending in .rake,
+# for example lib/tasks/capistrano.rake, and they will automatically be available to Rake.
+
+require_relative "config/application"
+
+Rails.application.load_tasks
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails71/app/controllers/application_controller.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails71/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..09705d12a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails71/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails71/app/helpers/application_helper.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails71/app/helpers/application_helper.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..de6be7945
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails71/app/helpers/application_helper.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+module ApplicationHelper
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails71/config.ru b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config.ru
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4a3c09a68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config.ru
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# This file is used by Rack-based servers to start the application.
+
+require_relative "config/environment"
+
+run Rails.application
+Rails.application.load_server
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/application.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/application.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f384d7e7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/application.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+require_relative "boot"
+
+require "rails"
+# Pick the frameworks you want:
+require "active_model/railtie"
+# require "active_job/railtie"
+# require "active_record/railtie"
+# require "active_storage/engine"
+require "action_controller/railtie"
+# require "action_mailer/railtie"
+# require "action_mailbox/engine"
+# require "action_text/engine"
+require "action_view/railtie"
+# require "action_cable/engine"
+# require "rails/test_unit/railtie"
+
+# Require the gems listed in Gemfile, including any gems
+# you've limited to :test, :development, or :production.
+Bundler.require(*Rails.groups)
+
+module Rails71
+  class Application < Rails::Application
+    # Initialize configuration defaults for originally generated Rails version.
+    config.load_defaults 7.1
+
+    # Please, add to the `ignore` list any other `lib` subdirectories that do
+    # not contain `.rb` files, or that should not be reloaded or eager loaded.
+    # Common ones are `templates`, `generators`, or `middleware`, for example.
+    config.autoload_lib(ignore: %w(assets tasks))
+
+    # Configuration for the application, engines, and railties goes here.
+    #
+    # These settings can be overridden in specific environments using the files
+    # in config/environments, which are processed later.
+    #
+    # config.time_zone = "Central Time (US & Canada)"
+    # config.eager_load_paths << Rails.root.join("extras")
+
+    # Don't generate system test files.
+    config.generators.system_tests = nil
+  end
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/boot.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/boot.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..282011619
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/boot.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+ENV["BUNDLE_GEMFILE"] ||= File.expand_path("../Gemfile", __dir__)
+
+require "bundler/setup" # Set up gems listed in the Gemfile.
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/credentials.yml.enc b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/credentials.yml.enc
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8a29b57f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/credentials.yml.enc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++u1GpoOEX4wRcKPVlXaWaCNL2ovW0/lhPoCilF6FPYlM4/gI7IRq7VpswS3TiH39Aak80G/J1NPei+6DInfzHv57o2Id41exbYzXuUwBy1zNXT2Ht4TTCfpRJguGf1OuSeEom+aYps0XL56RGQemudFFV14qJo0odrIGw30qvBo6Pz6qb9qnua07qKlNtosDcCTmdJ77ulXje0p/UyLwzao1yIGWpQc4NvBdxBpg8WuUomp+191LAmkIDWvoXagS5JNGGx7fFnYl8UPkce+W+sUF8SJL0EaJ//+Dipjwvvp0ph9E1UN0G8LDI7ostXDLCZSlgdWE1q7tNGqFYQLBySz6j4mxBkB5wt+/s6J7nhlpLttmDdEFB3YxiI8YC7XxqNt9AfK8BsvpeninsmppeecvMV+R--cSN3EVUUdX/ELvXi--I6//3r/xvpzSXE1dGGfX/w==
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/environment.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/environment.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cac531577
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/environment.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Load the Rails application.
+require_relative "application"
+
+# Initialize the Rails application.
+Rails.application.initialize!
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/environments/development.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/environments/development.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2c4802922
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/environments/development.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+require "active_support/core_ext/integer/time"
+
+Rails.application.configure do
+  # Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/application.rb.
+
+  # In the development environment your application's code is reloaded any time
+  # it changes. This slows down response time but is perfect for development
+  # since you don't have to restart the web server when you make code changes.
+  config.enable_reloading = true
+
+  # Do not eager load code on boot.
+  config.eager_load = false
+
+  # Show full error reports.
+  config.consider_all_requests_local = true
+
+  # Enable server timing
+  config.server_timing = true
+
+  # Enable/disable caching. By default caching is disabled.
+  # Run rails dev:cache to toggle caching.
+  if Rails.root.join("tmp/caching-dev.txt").exist?
+    config.action_controller.perform_caching = true
+    config.action_controller.enable_fragment_cache_logging = true
+
+    config.cache_store = :memory_store
+    config.public_file_server.headers = {
+      "Cache-Control" => "public, max-age=#{2.days.to_i}"
+    }
+  else
+    config.action_controller.perform_caching = false
+
+    config.cache_store = :null_store
+  end
+
+  # Print deprecation notices to the Rails logger.
+  config.active_support.deprecation = :log
+
+  # Raise exceptions for disallowed deprecations.
+  config.active_support.disallowed_deprecation = :raise
+
+  # Tell Active Support which deprecation messages to disallow.
+  config.active_support.disallowed_deprecation_warnings = []
+
+
+  # Raises error for missing translations.
+  # config.i18n.raise_on_missing_translations = true
+
+  # Annotate rendered view with file names.
+  # config.action_view.annotate_rendered_view_with_filenames = true
+
+  # Raise error when a before_action's only/except options reference missing actions
+  config.action_controller.raise_on_missing_callback_actions = true
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/environments/production.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/environments/production.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4f569bf9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/environments/production.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+require "active_support/core_ext/integer/time"
+
+Rails.application.configure do
+  # Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/application.rb.
+
+  # Code is not reloaded between requests.
+  config.enable_reloading = false
+
+  # Eager load code on boot. This eager loads most of Rails and
+  # your application in memory, allowing both threaded web servers
+  # and those relying on copy on write to perform better.
+  # Rake tasks automatically ignore this option for performance.
+  config.eager_load = true
+
+  # Full error reports are disabled and caching is turned on.
+  config.consider_all_requests_local = false
+  config.action_controller.perform_caching = true
+
+  # Ensures that a master key has been made available in ENV["RAILS_MASTER_KEY"], config/master.key, or an environment
+  # key such as config/credentials/production.key. This key is used to decrypt credentials (and other encrypted files).
+  # config.require_master_key = true
+
+  # Disable serving static files from `public/`, relying on NGINX/Apache to do so instead.
+  # config.public_file_server.enabled = false
+
+  # Enable serving of images, stylesheets, and JavaScripts from an asset server.
+  # config.asset_host = "http://assets.example.com"
+
+  # Specifies the header that your server uses for sending files.
+  # config.action_dispatch.x_sendfile_header = "X-Sendfile" # for Apache
+  # config.action_dispatch.x_sendfile_header = "X-Accel-Redirect" # for NGINX
+
+  # Assume all access to the app is happening through a SSL-terminating reverse proxy.
+  # Can be used together with config.force_ssl for Strict-Transport-Security and secure cookies.
+  # config.assume_ssl = true
+
+  # Force all access to the app over SSL, use Strict-Transport-Security, and use secure cookies.
+  config.force_ssl = true
+
+  # Log to STDOUT by default
+  # config.logger = ActiveSupport::Logger.new(STDOUT)
+  #   .tap  { |logger| logger.formatter = ::Logger::Formatter.new }
+  #   .then { |logger| ActiveSupport::TaggedLogging.new(logger) }
+
+  # Prepend all log lines with the following tags.
+  config.log_tags = [ :request_id ]
+
+  # "info" includes generic and useful information about system operation, but avoids logging too much
+  # information to avoid inadvertent exposure of personally identifiable information (PII). If you
+  # want to log everything, set the level to "debug".
+  config.log_level = ENV.fetch("RAILS_LOG_LEVEL", "info")
+
+  # Use a different cache store in production.
+  # config.cache_store = :mem_cache_store
+
+  # Enable locale fallbacks for I18n (makes lookups for any locale fall back to
+  # the I18n.default_locale when a translation cannot be found).
+  config.i18n.fallbacks = true
+
+  # Don't log any deprecations.
+  config.active_support.report_deprecations = false
+
+  # Enable DNS rebinding protection and other `Host` header attacks.
+  # config.hosts = [
+  #   "example.com",     # Allow requests from example.com
+  #   /.*\.example\.com/ # Allow requests from subdomains like `www.example.com`
+  # ]
+  # Skip DNS rebinding protection for the default health check endpoint.
+  # config.host_authorization = { exclude: ->(request) { request.path == "/up" } }
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/environments/test.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/environments/test.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d349c3556
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/environments/test.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+require "active_support/core_ext/integer/time"
+
+# The test environment is used exclusively to run your application's
+# test suite. You never need to work with it otherwise. Remember that
+# your test database is "scratch space" for the test suite and is wiped
+# and recreated between test runs. Don't rely on the data there!
+
+Rails.application.configure do
+  # Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/application.rb.
+
+  # While tests run files are not watched, reloading is not necessary.
+  config.enable_reloading = false
+
+  # Eager loading loads your entire application. When running a single test locally,
+  # this is usually not necessary, and can slow down your test suite. However, it's
+  # recommended that you enable it in continuous integration systems to ensure eager
+  # loading is working properly before deploying your code.
+  config.eager_load = ENV["CI"].present?
+
+  # Configure public file server for tests with Cache-Control for performance.
+  config.public_file_server.enabled = true
+  config.public_file_server.headers = {
+    "Cache-Control" => "public, max-age=#{1.hour.to_i}"
+  }
+
+  # Show full error reports and disable caching.
+  config.consider_all_requests_local = true
+  config.action_controller.perform_caching = false
+  config.cache_store = :null_store
+
+  # Render exception templates for rescuable exceptions and raise for other exceptions.
+  config.action_dispatch.show_exceptions = :rescuable
+
+  # Disable request forgery protection in test environment.
+  config.action_controller.allow_forgery_protection = false
+
+  # Print deprecation notices to the stderr.
+  config.active_support.deprecation = :stderr
+
+  # Raise exceptions for disallowed deprecations.
+  config.active_support.disallowed_deprecation = :raise
+
+  # Tell Active Support which deprecation messages to disallow.
+  config.active_support.disallowed_deprecation_warnings = []
+
+  # Raises error for missing translations.
+  # config.i18n.raise_on_missing_translations = true
+
+  # Annotate rendered view with file names.
+  # config.action_view.annotate_rendered_view_with_filenames = true
+
+  # Raise error when a before_action's only/except options reference missing actions
+  config.action_controller.raise_on_missing_callback_actions = true
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/initializers/content_security_policy.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/initializers/content_security_policy.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b3076b38f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/initializers/content_security_policy.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Define an application-wide content security policy.
+# See the Securing Rails Applications Guide for more information:
+# https://guides.rubyonrails.org/security.html#content-security-policy-header
+
+# Rails.application.configure do
+#   config.content_security_policy do |policy|
+#     policy.default_src :self, :https
+#     policy.font_src    :self, :https, :data
+#     policy.img_src     :self, :https, :data
+#     policy.object_src  :none
+#     policy.script_src  :self, :https
+#     policy.style_src   :self, :https
+#     # Specify URI for violation reports
+#     # policy.report_uri "/csp-violation-report-endpoint"
+#   end
+#
+#   # Generate session nonces for permitted importmap, inline scripts, and inline styles.
+#   config.content_security_policy_nonce_generator = ->(request) { request.session.id.to_s }
+#   config.content_security_policy_nonce_directives = %w(script-src style-src)
+#
+#   # Report violations without enforcing the policy.
+#   # config.content_security_policy_report_only = true
+# end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c2d89e28a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/initializers/filter_parameter_logging.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Configure parameters to be partially matched (e.g. passw matches password) and filtered from the log file.
+# Use this to limit dissemination of sensitive information.
+# See the ActiveSupport::ParameterFilter documentation for supported notations and behaviors.
+Rails.application.config.filter_parameters += [
+  :passw, :secret, :token, :_key, :crypt, :salt, :certificate, :otp, :ssn
+]
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/initializers/inflections.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/initializers/inflections.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3860f659e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/initializers/inflections.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Add new inflection rules using the following format. Inflections
+# are locale specific, and you may define rules for as many different
+# locales as you wish. All of these examples are active by default:
+# ActiveSupport::Inflector.inflections(:en) do |inflect|
+#   inflect.plural /^(ox)$/i, "\\1en"
+#   inflect.singular /^(ox)en/i, "\\1"
+#   inflect.irregular "person", "people"
+#   inflect.uncountable %w( fish sheep )
+# end
+
+# These inflection rules are supported but not enabled by default:
+# ActiveSupport::Inflector.inflections(:en) do |inflect|
+#   inflect.acronym "RESTful"
+# end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/initializers/permissions_policy.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/initializers/permissions_policy.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7db3b9577
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/initializers/permissions_policy.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Define an application-wide HTTP permissions policy. For further
+# information see: https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2018/06/feature-policy
+
+# Rails.application.config.permissions_policy do |policy|
+#   policy.camera      :none
+#   policy.gyroscope   :none
+#   policy.microphone  :none
+#   policy.usb         :none
+#   policy.fullscreen  :self
+#   policy.payment     :self, "https://secure.example.com"
+# end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/locales/en.yml b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/locales/en.yml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6c349ae5e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/locales/en.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# Files in the config/locales directory are used for internationalization and
+# are automatically loaded by Rails. If you want to use locales other than
+# English, add the necessary files in this directory.
+#
+# To use the locales, use `I18n.t`:
+#
+#     I18n.t "hello"
+#
+# In views, this is aliased to just `t`:
+#
+#     <%= t("hello") %>
+#
+# To use a different locale, set it with `I18n.locale`:
+#
+#     I18n.locale = :es
+#
+# This would use the information in config/locales/es.yml.
+#
+# To learn more about the API, please read the Rails Internationalization guide
+# at https://guides.rubyonrails.org/i18n.html.
+#
+# Be aware that YAML interprets the following case-insensitive strings as
+# booleans: `true`, `false`, `on`, `off`, `yes`, `no`. Therefore, these strings
+# must be quoted to be interpreted as strings. For example:
+#
+#     en:
+#       "yes": yup
+#       enabled: "ON"
+
+en:
+  hello: "Hello world"
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/master.key b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/master.key
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3f482db3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/master.key
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+6f7c8dd123b7a40e1efe1402ad7fd55f
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/puma.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/puma.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7a709d7b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/puma.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+# This configuration file will be evaluated by Puma. The top-level methods that
+# are invoked here are part of Puma's configuration DSL. For more information
+# about methods provided by the DSL, see https://puma.io/puma/Puma/DSL.html.
+
+# Puma can serve each request in a thread from an internal thread pool.
+# The `threads` method setting takes two numbers: a minimum and maximum.
+# Any libraries that use thread pools should be configured to match
+# the maximum value specified for Puma. Default is set to 5 threads for minimum
+# and maximum; this matches the default thread size of Active Record.
+max_threads_count = ENV.fetch("RAILS_MAX_THREADS") { 5 }
+min_threads_count = ENV.fetch("RAILS_MIN_THREADS") { max_threads_count }
+threads min_threads_count, max_threads_count
+
+rails_env = ENV.fetch("RAILS_ENV") { "development" }
+
+if rails_env == "production"
+  # If you are running more than 1 thread per process, the workers count
+  # should be equal to the number of processors (CPU cores) in production.
+  #
+  # It defaults to 1 because it's impossible to reliably detect how many
+  # CPU cores are available. Make sure to set the `WEB_CONCURRENCY` environment
+  # variable to match the number of processors.
+  worker_count = Integer(ENV.fetch("WEB_CONCURRENCY") { 1 })
+  if worker_count > 1
+    workers worker_count
+  else
+    preload_app!
+  end
+end
+# Specifies the `worker_timeout` threshold that Puma will use to wait before
+# terminating a worker in development environments.
+worker_timeout 3600 if ENV.fetch("RAILS_ENV", "development") == "development"
+
+# Specifies the `port` that Puma will listen on to receive requests; default is 3000.
+port ENV.fetch("PORT") { 3000 }
+
+# Specifies the `environment` that Puma will run in.
+environment rails_env
+
+# Specifies the `pidfile` that Puma will use.
+pidfile ENV.fetch("PIDFILE") { "tmp/pids/server.pid" }
+
+# Allow puma to be restarted by `bin/rails restart` command.
+plugin :tmp_restart
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/routes.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/routes.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a125ef085
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails71/config/routes.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+Rails.application.routes.draw do
+  # Define your application routes per the DSL in https://guides.rubyonrails.org/routing.html
+
+  # Reveal health status on /up that returns 200 if the app boots with no exceptions, otherwise 500.
+  # Can be used by load balancers and uptime monitors to verify that the app is live.
+  get "up" => "rails/health#show", as: :rails_health_check
+
+  # Defines the root path route ("/")
+  # root "posts#index"
+end
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails71/public/404.html b/src/spec/stub/rails71/public/404.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2be3af26f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails71/public/404.html
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+  <title>The page you were looking for doesn't exist (404)</title>
+  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
+  <style>
+  .rails-default-error-page {
+    background-color: #EFEFEF;
+    color: #2E2F30;
+    text-align: center;
+    font-family: arial, sans-serif;
+    margin: 0;
+  }
+
+  .rails-default-error-page div.dialog {
+    width: 95%;
+    max-width: 33em;
+    margin: 4em auto 0;
+  }
+
+  .rails-default-error-page div.dialog > div {
+    border: 1px solid #CCC;
+    border-right-color: #999;
+    border-left-color: #999;
+    border-bottom-color: #BBB;
+    border-top: #B00100 solid 4px;
+    border-top-left-radius: 9px;
+    border-top-right-radius: 9px;
+    background-color: white;
+    padding: 7px 12% 0;
+    box-shadow: 0 3px 8px rgba(50, 50, 50, 0.17);
+  }
+
+  .rails-default-error-page h1 {
+    font-size: 100%;
+    color: #730E15;
+    line-height: 1.5em;
+  }
+
+  .rails-default-error-page div.dialog > p {
+    margin: 0 0 1em;
+    padding: 1em;
+    background-color: #F7F7F7;
+    border: 1px solid #CCC;
+    border-right-color: #999;
+    border-left-color: #999;
+    border-bottom-color: #999;
+    border-bottom-left-radius: 4px;
+    border-bottom-right-radius: 4px;
+    border-top-color: #DADADA;
+    color: #666;
+    box-shadow: 0 3px 8px rgba(50, 50, 50, 0.17);
+  }
+  </style>
+</head>
+
+<body class="rails-default-error-page">
+  <!-- This file lives in public/404.html -->
+  <div class="dialog">
+    <div>
+      <h1>The page you were looking for doesn't exist.</h1>
+      <p>You may have mistyped the address or the page may have moved.</p>
+    </div>
+    <p>If you are the application owner check the logs for more information.</p>
+  </div>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails71/public/422.html b/src/spec/stub/rails71/public/422.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c08eac0d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails71/public/422.html
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+  <title>The change you wanted was rejected (422)</title>
+  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
+  <style>
+  .rails-default-error-page {
+    background-color: #EFEFEF;
+    color: #2E2F30;
+    text-align: center;
+    font-family: arial, sans-serif;
+    margin: 0;
+  }
+
+  .rails-default-error-page div.dialog {
+    width: 95%;
+    max-width: 33em;
+    margin: 4em auto 0;
+  }
+
+  .rails-default-error-page div.dialog > div {
+    border: 1px solid #CCC;
+    border-right-color: #999;
+    border-left-color: #999;
+    border-bottom-color: #BBB;
+    border-top: #B00100 solid 4px;
+    border-top-left-radius: 9px;
+    border-top-right-radius: 9px;
+    background-color: white;
+    padding: 7px 12% 0;
+    box-shadow: 0 3px 8px rgba(50, 50, 50, 0.17);
+  }
+
+  .rails-default-error-page h1 {
+    font-size: 100%;
+    color: #730E15;
+    line-height: 1.5em;
+  }
+
+  .rails-default-error-page div.dialog > p {
+    margin: 0 0 1em;
+    padding: 1em;
+    background-color: #F7F7F7;
+    border: 1px solid #CCC;
+    border-right-color: #999;
+    border-left-color: #999;
+    border-bottom-color: #999;
+    border-bottom-left-radius: 4px;
+    border-bottom-right-radius: 4px;
+    border-top-color: #DADADA;
+    color: #666;
+    box-shadow: 0 3px 8px rgba(50, 50, 50, 0.17);
+  }
+  </style>
+</head>
+
+<body class="rails-default-error-page">
+  <!-- This file lives in public/422.html -->
+  <div class="dialog">
+    <div>
+      <h1>The change you wanted was rejected.</h1>
+      <p>Maybe you tried to change something you didn't have access to.</p>
+    </div>
+    <p>If you are the application owner check the logs for more information.</p>
+  </div>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails71/public/500.html b/src/spec/stub/rails71/public/500.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..78a030af2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails71/public/500.html
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+  <title>We're sorry, but something went wrong (500)</title>
+  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
+  <style>
+  .rails-default-error-page {
+    background-color: #EFEFEF;
+    color: #2E2F30;
+    text-align: center;
+    font-family: arial, sans-serif;
+    margin: 0;
+  }
+
+  .rails-default-error-page div.dialog {
+    width: 95%;
+    max-width: 33em;
+    margin: 4em auto 0;
+  }
+
+  .rails-default-error-page div.dialog > div {
+    border: 1px solid #CCC;
+    border-right-color: #999;
+    border-left-color: #999;
+    border-bottom-color: #BBB;
+    border-top: #B00100 solid 4px;
+    border-top-left-radius: 9px;
+    border-top-right-radius: 9px;
+    background-color: white;
+    padding: 7px 12% 0;
+    box-shadow: 0 3px 8px rgba(50, 50, 50, 0.17);
+  }
+
+  .rails-default-error-page h1 {
+    font-size: 100%;
+    color: #730E15;
+    line-height: 1.5em;
+  }
+
+  .rails-default-error-page div.dialog > p {
+    margin: 0 0 1em;
+    padding: 1em;
+    background-color: #F7F7F7;
+    border: 1px solid #CCC;
+    border-right-color: #999;
+    border-left-color: #999;
+    border-bottom-color: #999;
+    border-bottom-left-radius: 4px;
+    border-bottom-right-radius: 4px;
+    border-top-color: #DADADA;
+    color: #666;
+    box-shadow: 0 3px 8px rgba(50, 50, 50, 0.17);
+  }
+  </style>
+</head>
+
+<body class="rails-default-error-page">
+  <!-- This file lives in public/500.html -->
+  <div class="dialog">
+    <div>
+      <h1>We're sorry, but something went wrong.</h1>
+    </div>
+    <p>If you are the application owner check the logs for more information.</p>
+  </div>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails71/public/apple-touch-icon-precomposed.png b/src/spec/stub/rails71/public/apple-touch-icon-precomposed.png
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e69de29bb
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails71/public/apple-touch-icon.png b/src/spec/stub/rails71/public/apple-touch-icon.png
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e69de29bb
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails71/public/favicon.ico b/src/spec/stub/rails71/public/favicon.ico
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e69de29bb
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails71/public/robots.txt b/src/spec/stub/rails71/public/robots.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c19f78ab6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails71/public/robots.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# See https://www.robotstxt.org/robotstxt.html for documentation on how to use the robots.txt file
diff --git a/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/environments/production.rb b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/environments/production.rb
index f50798542..781b0d383 100644
--- a/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/environments/production.rb
+++ b/src/spec/stub/rails72/config/environments/production.rb
@@ -45,15 +45,13 @@
 #    .tap  { |logger| logger.formatter = ::Logger::Formatter.new }
 #    .then { |logger| ActiveSupport::TaggedLogging.new(logger) }
 
-  config.log_level = 'info' # added manually for the sake of a jruby-rack spec
-
   # Prepend all log lines with the following tags.
   config.log_tags = [ :request_id ]
 
   # "info" includes generic and useful information about system operation, but avoids logging too much
   # information to avoid inadvertent exposure of personally identifiable information (PII). If you
   # want to log everything, set the level to "debug".
-  #config.log_level = ENV.fetch("RAILS_LOG_LEVEL", "info")
+  config.log_level = ENV.fetch("RAILS_LOG_LEVEL", "info")
 
   # Use a different cache store in production.
   # config.cache_store = :mem_cache_store