sql: fix some error codes and messages for udfs

This commit fixes some incorrect error codes and error messages in UDF
logic tests that were uncovered as part of auditing pg error codes
against postgres. In some cases where there were discrepancies between
postgres and CRDB that were due to implementation differences or
improved behavior, we left a comment above the test detailing why there
is a difference between postgres and CRDB behavior.

Epic: None
Informs: cockroachdb#107369

Release note: None

Author: rharding6373

pkg/sql/logictest/testdata/logic_test/udf

@@ -406,8 +406,7 @@ CREATE FUNCTION sc1.f_test_drop(IN INT8)
   SELECT 1;
 $$
 
-# TODO(107369): Postgres errors with code 42725 here.
-statement error pgcode XXUUU pq: function name \"f_test_drop\" is not unique
+statement error pgcode 42725 pq: function name \"f_test_drop\" is not unique
 DROP FUNCTION f_test_drop;
 
 statement ok

pkg/sql/logictest/testdata/logic_test/udf_insert

@@ -18,9 +18,8 @@ SELECT f_void();
 ----
 NULL
 
-# TODO(107369): This doesn't error in postgres, and this is the error code for
-# invalid foreign key, which may not make sense.
-statement error pgcode 42830 missing "a" primary key column
+# Note: This does not error in postgres until the function is executed.
+statement error pgcode 23502 missing "a" primary key column
 CREATE FUNCTION f_err(b INT) RETURNS RECORD AS
 $$
   INSERT INTO t (b) VALUES (b);

pkg/sql/logictest/testdata/logic_test/udf_options

@@ -109,13 +109,13 @@ l1  l2  i1  i2  s1  s2  v1  v2
 statement ok
 CREATE SEQUENCE sq2;
 
-# TODO(107369): This does not error in postgres.
+# Note: postgres allows non-volatile functions to call other volatile functions.
 statement error pgcode 22023 volatile statement not allowed in immutable function: SELECT nextval\('sq2'\)
 CREATE FUNCTION rand_i() RETURNS INT IMMUTABLE LANGUAGE SQL AS $$SELECT nextval('sq2')$$;
 
-# TODO(107369): This does not error in postgres.
+# Note: postgres allows non-volatile functions to call other volatile functions.
 statement error pgcode 22023 volatile statement not allowed in stable function: SELECT nextval\('sq2'\)
-CREATE FUNCTION rand_s() RETURNS INT STABLE    LANGUAGE SQL AS $$SELECT nextval('sq2')$$;
+CREATE FUNCTION rand_s() RETURNS INT STABLE LANGUAGE SQL AS $$SELECT nextval('sq2')$$;
 
 statement ok
 CREATE FUNCTION rand_v() RETURNS INT VOLATILE  LANGUAGE SQL AS $$SELECT nextval('sq2')$$;

pkg/sql/logictest/testdata/logic_test/udf_privileges

@@ -533,7 +533,7 @@ CREATE FUNCTION f_test_show_grants(INT, string, OID) RETURNS INT LANGUAGE SQL AS
 CREATE USER u_test_show_grants;
 GRANT EXECUTE ON FUNCTION f_test_show_grants(INT), f_test_show_grants(INT, string, OID) TO u_test_show_grants;
 
-statement error pgcode XXUUU pq: function name "f_test_show_grants" is not unique
+statement error pgcode 42725 pq: function name "f_test_show_grants" is not unique
 SHOW GRANTS ON FUNCTION f_test_show_grants;
 
 query TTTTTTB colnames

pkg/sql/logictest/testdata/logic_test/udf_record

@@ -535,20 +535,21 @@ SELECT imp_cast(), (1,2,'3') = imp_cast(), pg_typeof(imp_cast())
 ----
 (1,2,3)  true  imp
 
-# TODO(107369): This is code 42846 in postgres.
+# Note: postgres returns error code 42846 (cannot cast type) here instead due to
+# implementation differences.
 statement error pgcode 42P13 return type mismatch in function declared to return imp
 CREATE FUNCTION err() RETURNS imp LANGUAGE SQL AS $$
   SELECT (1, 2)
 $$
 
-# TODO(mgartner): The error message should say "imp" instead of "record".
-statement error pgcode 42P13 return type mismatch in function declared to return record
+statement error pgcode 42P13 return type mismatch in function declared to return imp
 CREATE FUNCTION err() RETURNS imp LANGUAGE SQL AS $$
   SELECT k, a FROM imp
 $$
 
-# TODO(mgartner): The error message should say "imp" instead of "record".
-statement error pgcode 42P13 return type mismatch in function declared to return record
+# Note: This function can be successfully created in postgres, but will fail
+# when called.
+statement error pgcode 42P13 return type mismatch in function declared to return imp
 CREATE FUNCTION err() RETURNS imp LANGUAGE SQL AS $$
   SELECT k, a, b::INT FROM imp
 $$

pkg/sql/logictest/testdata/logic_test/udf_schema_change

@@ -633,7 +633,7 @@ ALTER TABLE t_alter ALTER b TYPE TEXT
 statement ok
 ALTER TABLE t_alter ADD COLUMN d INT;
 
-statement error pgcode 42P13 pq: return type mismatch in function declared to return record
+statement error pgcode 42P13 pq: return type mismatch in function declared to return t_alter
 CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION f_rtbl() RETURNS t_alter LANGUAGE SQL AS $$
   SELECT 1, 'foobar', 2
 $$

pkg/sql/logictest/testdata/logic_test/udf_update

@@ -167,7 +167,6 @@ CREATE TABLE generated_as_id_t (
 statement ok
 INSERT INTO generated_as_id_t (a) VALUES (7), (8), (9);
 
-# TODO(107369): This error code does not have a name associated with it.
 statement error pgcode 428C9 column "b" can only be updated to DEFAULT
 CREATE FUNCTION f_err(i INT, j INT) RETURNS RECORD AS
 $$

pkg/sql/logictest/testdata/logic_test/udf_volatility_check

@@ -5,7 +5,8 @@ statement ok
 CREATE TABLE t1(a INT PRIMARY KEY, b INT);
 CREATE TABLE t2(a INT PRIMARY KEY, b INT);
 
-# TODO(107369): These do not appear to error in postgres.
+# Note: postgres does not error in the following cases. CRDB provides stronger
+# protections against adding volatility to non-volatile functions.
 statement error pgcode 22023 pq: referencing relations is not allowed in immutable function
 CREATE FUNCTION f() RETURNS FLOAT LANGUAGE SQL IMMUTABLE AS $$ SELECT a FROM t1 $$;
 

pkg/sql/opt/optbuilder/create_function.go

@@ -358,7 +358,7 @@ func validateReturnType(expected *types.T, cols []scopeColumn) error {
 			if !typ.Equivalent(cols[i].typ) {
 				return pgerror.WithCandidateCode(
 					errors.WithDetailf(
-						errors.Newf("return type mismatch in function declared to return record"),
+						errors.Newf("return type mismatch in function declared to return %s", expected.Name()),
 						"Final statement returns %s instead of %s at column %d",
 						cols[i].typ.Name(), typ.Name(), i+1,
 					),
@@ -372,7 +372,7 @@ func validateReturnType(expected *types.T, cols []scopeColumn) error {
 		// Ran out of columns from last statement.
 		return pgerror.WithCandidateCode(
 			errors.WithDetailf(
-				errors.New("return type mismatch in function declared to return record"),
+				errors.Newf("return type mismatch in function declared to return %s", expected.Name()),
 				"Final statement returns too few columns",
 			),
 			pgcode.InvalidFunctionDefinition,

pkg/sql/opt/optbuilder/insert.go

@@ -454,7 +454,7 @@ func (mb *mutationBuilder) checkPrimaryKeyForInsert() {
 			continue
 		}
 
-		panic(pgerror.Newf(pgcode.InvalidForeignKey,
+		panic(pgerror.Newf(pgcode.NotNullViolation,
 			"missing %q primary key column", col.ColName()))
 	}
 }