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@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Most elements displayed in the form can be translated, such as **question labels
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When your form includes multiple translations, KoboCollect and Enketo will display a language selector in the **top right corner of the form**, allowing respondents to choose their preferred language.
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<p class="note">
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<strong>Note:</strong> Adding translations in XLSForm is faster and more efficient than using the <a href="https://support.kobotoolbox.org/Formbuilder.html">Formbuilder</a>, especially for longer forms. To learn how to download your form in XLSForm to add translations, see <a href="xlsform_with_kobotoolbox.html">Using XLSForm with KoboToolbox</a>.
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<strong>Note:</strong> Adding translations in XLSForm is faster and more efficient than <a href="https://support.kobotoolbox.org/language_dashboard.html">using the Formbuilder</a>, especially for longer forms. To learn how to download your form in XLSForm to add translations, see <a href="xlsform_with_kobotoolbox.html">Using XLSForm with KoboToolbox</a>.
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<br><br>
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For hands-on practice with adding translations in XLSForm, see KoboToolbox Academy's <a href="https://academy.kobotoolbox.org/courses/xlsform-fundamentals">XLSForm Fundamentals Course</a>.
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</p>
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ To add translations to an XLSForm, first define the default language. This is th
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To define the default language of your form:
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1. In the `settings` worksheet, add a **default_language** column.
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2. In the `default_language` column, enter the default language using the **language (code)** format.
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- For example: `English (en)`.
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- For example: `English (en)`.
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**settings worksheet**
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@@ -39,9 +39,9 @@ To define the default language of your form:
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To set up the `survey` worksheet:
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1. Rename the **label** column using the format **label::language (code)**.
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- For example: `label::English (en)`.
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2. If your form includes **hint**, **required_message**, **constraint_message**, or [media](https://support.kobotoolbox.org/media.html) columns in the `survey` worksheet, rename the existing columns using the format **column_name::language (code)**.
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- For example: `hint::English (en)`.
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- For example: `label::English (en)`.
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2. If your form includes `hint`, `required_message`, `constraint_message`, or `media` columns in the `survey` worksheet, rename the existing columns using the format **column_name::language (code)**.
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- For example: `hint::English (en)`.
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**survey worksheet**
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Finally, to set up the `choices` worksheet, rename the **label** column using the format **label::language (code)**.
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**choices worksheet**
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| list_name | name | label::English (en) |
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| :--------- | :--- | :------------------ |
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| yn | yes | Yes |
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Once you have defined your default language, you can add translations for each visible element of your form. You can add as many translation columns as you like.
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<p class="note">
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<strong>Note:</strong> If you omit text for a translated element, it will appear as a blank field on the form.
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</p>
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To add translations to the `survey` worksheet:
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1. Add a new **label** column for each translation language using the format **label::language (code)**.
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- For example: `label::Spanish (es)`.
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2. If your form includes **hint**, **required_message**, **constraint_message**, or [media](https://support.kobotoolbox.org/media.html) columns in the `survey` worksheet, set up the corresponding translation columns using the **column_name::language (code)** format.
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- For example: `hint::French (fr)` or `required_message::Chichewa (ny)`.
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- For example: `label::Spanish (es)`.
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2. If your form includes `hint`, `required_message`, `constraint_message`, or `media` columns in the `survey` worksheet, set up the corresponding translation columns using the **column_name::language (code)** format.
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- For example: `hint::French (fr)` or `required_message::Chichewa (ny)`.
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3. Enter the translations for all form elements in the relevant columns.
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<p class="note">
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To add translations to the `choices` worksheet:
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1. Add a new **label** column for each translation language using the format **label::language (code)**.
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- For example: `label::Spanish (es)`.
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- For example: `label::Spanish (es)`.
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2. Enter the translation for each choice label in the relevant translation column.
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3. If your `choices` worksheet includes [media](https://support.kobotoolbox.org/media.html) columns, set up the corresponding translation columns using the **column_name::language (code)** format.
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3. If your `choices` worksheet includes media columns, set up the corresponding translation columns using the **column_name::language (code)** format.
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<p class="note">
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<strong>Note:</strong> To learn more about managing media files in translated forms, see <a href="https://support.kobotoolbox.org/media.html#adding-media-to-translations">Adding media to an XLSForm</a>.
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| yn | no | No | Ayi |
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| choices |
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<p class="note">
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<strong>Note:</strong> If you omit text for a translated element, it will appear as a blank field on the form.
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</p>
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## Guidelines for translations
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Non-Latin scripts such as Arabic, Cyrillic, Tamil, Nepali, or Hindi are fully supported in KoboToolbox and can be used for default languages or translations.
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<p class="note">
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<strong>Note:</strong> It is recommended to use only Latin characters for question and choice <strong>names</strong>, because non-Latin scripts may cause errors or compatibility issues when exporting data or working with XLSForm, but question and <strong>choice labels</strong> can safely use any script.
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<strong>Note:</strong> It is recommended to use only Latin characters for question and choice <strong>names</strong>, because non-Latin scripts may cause errors or compatibility issues when exporting data or working with XLSForm, but question and choice <strong>labels</strong> can safely use any script.
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</p>
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When adding translations in non-Latin scripts, it is essential to **use proper Unicode characters**. Unicode ensures that text is correctly displayed and understood across all devices and platforms.
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When adding a language that uses a right-to-left (RTL) script, such as Arabic, Hebrew, or Urdu, it is important to **use the correct language code** and to ensure the **first visible text in the translation** (e.g., a question label, hint, or note) is written in the RTL language. This will ensure that the form's layout does not default to left-to-right (LTR) formatting.
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Additionally, when incorporating question references within question labels using RTL scripts, please note that the question reference syntax is reversed (i.e., `$ {question_name}` instead of `${question_name}`).
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Additionally, when incorporating question references within question labels using RTL scripts, please note that the question reference syntax is reversed (i.e., `{question_name}$`).
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**survey worksheet**
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| type | name | label::English (en) | label::Arabic (ar) |
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| :--- | :--- | :------------------ | :----------------- |
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| begin\_group | profile | Respondent profile | ملف المستجيب |
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| text | name | Respondent's name | اسم المدعى عليه |
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| integer | age | How old is ${name}? | كم عمرك $name؟ |
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| integer | age | How old is ${name}? | ؟{name}$ كم عمرك |
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| end\_group | | | |
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| survey |

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