Merge pull request #243 from kozistr/update/adafactor-optimizer

[Feature] Tweak AdaFactor optimizer

Author: kozistr

docs/changelogs/v3.0.1.md

@@ -4,6 +4,10 @@
 
 * Implement `FAdam` optimizer. (#241, #242)
   * [Adam is a natural gradient optimizer using diagonal empirical Fisher information](https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.12807)
+* Tweak `AdaFactor` optimizer. (#236, #243)
+  * support not-using-first-momentum when beta1 is not given
+  * default dtype for first momentum to `bfloat16`
+  * clip second momentum to 0.999
 
 ### Bug
 

pytorch_optimizer/base/optimizer.py

@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ def get_adanorm_gradient(
         return grad * exp_grad_norm / grad_norm if exp_grad_norm > grad_norm else grad
 
     @staticmethod
-    def validate_range(x: float, name: str, low: float, high: float, range_type: str = '[)'):
+    def validate_range(x: float, name: str, low: float, high: float, range_type: str = '[)') -> None:
         if range_type == '[)' and not low <= x < high:
             raise ValueError(f'[-] {name} must be in the range [{low}, {high})')
         if range_type == '[]' and not low <= x <= high:
@@ -226,40 +226,42 @@ def validate_range(x: float, name: str, low: float, high: float, range_type: str
             raise ValueError(f'[-] {name} must be in the range ({low}, {high})')
 
     @staticmethod
-    def validate_non_negative(x: Optional[float], name: str):
+    def validate_non_negative(x: Optional[float], name: str) -> None:
         if x is not None and x < 0.0:
             raise ValueError(f'[-] {name} must be non-negative')
 
     @staticmethod
-    def validate_positive(x: Union[float, int], name: str):
+    def validate_positive(x: Union[float, int], name: str) -> None:
         if x <= 0:
             raise ValueError(f'[-] {name} must be positive')
 
     @staticmethod
-    def validate_boundary(constant: float, boundary: float, bound_type: str = 'upper'):
+    def validate_boundary(constant: float, boundary: float, bound_type: str = 'upper') -> None:
         if bound_type == 'upper' and constant > boundary:
             raise ValueError(f'[-] constant {constant} must be in a range of (-inf, {boundary}]')
         if bound_type == 'lower' and constant < boundary:
             raise ValueError(f'[-] constant {constant} must be in a range of [{boundary}, inf)')
 
     @staticmethod
-    def validate_step(step: int, step_type: str):
+    def validate_step(step: int, step_type: str) -> None:
         if step < 1:
             raise NegativeStepError(step, step_type=step_type)
 
     @staticmethod
-    def validate_options(x: str, name: str, options: List[str]):
+    def validate_options(x: str, name: str, options: List[str]) -> None:
         if x not in options:
             opts: str = ' or '.join([f'\'{option}\'' for option in options]).strip()
             raise ValueError(f'[-] {name} {x} must be one of ({opts})')
 
     @staticmethod
-    def validate_learning_rate(learning_rate: Optional[float]):
+    def validate_learning_rate(learning_rate: Optional[float]) -> None:
         if learning_rate is not None and learning_rate < 0.0:
             raise NegativeLRError(learning_rate)
 
-    def validate_betas(self, betas: BETAS):
-        self.validate_range(betas[0], 'beta1', 0.0, 1.0, range_type='[]')
+    def validate_betas(self, betas: BETAS) -> None:
+        if betas[0] is not None:
+            self.validate_range(betas[0], 'beta1', 0.0, 1.0, range_type='[]')
+
         self.validate_range(betas[1], 'beta2', 0.0, 1.0, range_type='[]')
 
         if len(betas) < 3:
@@ -268,7 +270,7 @@ def validate_betas(self, betas: BETAS):
         if betas[2] is not None:
             self.validate_range(betas[2], 'beta3', 0.0, 1.0, range_type='[]')
 
-    def validate_nus(self, nus: Union[float, Tuple[float, float]]):
+    def validate_nus(self, nus: Union[float, Tuple[float, float]]) -> None:
         if isinstance(nus, float):
             self.validate_range(nus, 'nu', 0.0, 1.0, range_type='[]')
         else:

pytorch_optimizer/base/types.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 
 CLOSURE = Optional[Callable[[], float]]
 LOSS = Optional[float]
-BETAS = Union[Tuple[float, float], Tuple[float, float, float]]
+BETAS = Union[Tuple[float, float], Tuple[float, float, float], Tuple[None, float]]
 DEFAULTS = Dict
 PARAMETERS = Optional[Union[Iterable[Dict], Iterable[torch.Tensor]]]
 STATE = Dict

pytorch_optimizer/optimizer/adafactor.py

@@ -10,11 +10,12 @@
 
 
 class AdaFactor(Optimizer, BaseOptimizer):
-    r"""Adaptive Learning Rates with Sublinear Memory Cost.
+    r"""Adaptive Learning Rates with Sublinear Memory Cost with some tweaks.
 
     :param params: PARAMETERS. iterable of parameters to optimize or dicts defining parameter groups.
     :param lr: float. learning rate.
-    :param betas: BETAS. coefficients used for computing running averages of gradient and the squared hessian trace.
+    :param betas: BETAS. coefficients used for computing running averages of gradient and the squared
+        hessian trace. if beta1 is None, first momentum will be skipped.
     :param decay_rate: float. coefficient used to compute running averages of square gradient.
     :param weight_decay: float. weight decay (L2 penalty).
     :param weight_decouple: bool. the optimizer uses decoupled weight decay as in AdamW.
@@ -27,6 +28,9 @@ class AdaFactor(Optimizer, BaseOptimizer):
         is being used.
     :param eps1: float. term added to the denominator to improve numerical stability.
     :param eps2: float. term added to the denominator to improve numerical stability.
+    :param momentum_dtype: torch.dtype. type of momentum variable. In VIT paper observed that storing momentum in
+        half-precision (bfloat16 type) does not affect training dynamics and has no effect on the outcome while
+        reducing optimize overhead from 2-fold to 1.5-fold.
     """
 
     def __init__(
@@ -45,6 +49,7 @@ def __init__(
         warmup_init: bool = False,
         eps1: float = 1e-30,
         eps2: float = 1e-3,
+        momentum_dtype: torch.dtype = torch.bfloat16,
     ):
         self.validate_learning_rate(lr)
         self.validate_betas(betas)
@@ -56,6 +61,7 @@ def __init__(
         self.clip_threshold = clip_threshold
         self.eps1 = eps1
         self.eps2 = eps2
+        self.momentum_dtype = momentum_dtype
 
         defaults: DEFAULTS = {
             'lr': lr,
@@ -87,7 +93,8 @@ def reset(self):
                 grad_shape: Tuple[int, ...] = grad.shape
                 factored: bool = self.get_options(grad_shape)
 
-                state['exp_avg'] = torch.zeros_like(p)
+                if group['betas'][0] is not None:
+                    state['exp_avg'] = torch.zeros_like(p, dtype=self.momentum_dtype)
 
                 if factored:
                     state['exp_avg_sq_row'] = torch.zeros(grad_shape[:-1], dtype=grad.dtype, device=grad.device)
@@ -149,7 +156,7 @@ def step(self, closure: CLOSURE = None) -> LOSS:
             else:
                 group['step'] = 1
 
-            beta1, _ = group['betas']
+            beta1, beta2 = group['betas']
 
             beta2_t: float = 1.0 - math.pow(group['step'], self.decay_rate)
 
@@ -167,7 +174,8 @@ def step(self, closure: CLOSURE = None) -> LOSS:
                 factored: bool = self.get_options(grad_shape)
 
                 if len(state) == 0:
-                    state['exp_avg'] = torch.zeros_like(p)
+                    if beta1 is not None:
+                        state['exp_avg'] = torch.zeros_like(p, dtype=self.momentum_dtype)
 
                     if factored:
                         state['exp_avg_sq_row'] = torch.zeros(grad_shape[:-1], dtype=grad.dtype, device=grad.device)
@@ -205,6 +213,8 @@ def step(self, closure: CLOSURE = None) -> LOSS:
                 else:
                     exp_avg_sq = state['exp_avg_sq']
                     exp_avg_sq.mul_(beta2_t).add_(update, alpha=1.0 - beta2_t)
+                    exp_avg_sq.clamp_(max=beta2)
+
                     torch.rsqrt(exp_avg_sq, out=update)
 
                 if group['ams_bound']:
@@ -216,8 +226,11 @@ def step(self, closure: CLOSURE = None) -> LOSS:
 
                 update.div_((self.get_rms(update) / self.clip_threshold).clamp_(min=1.0)).mul_(lr)
 
-                exp_avg = state['exp_avg']
-                exp_avg.mul_(beta1).add_(update, alpha=1.0 - beta1)
+                if beta1 is not None:
+                    exp_avg = state['exp_avg']
+                    exp_avg.mul_(beta1).add_(update, alpha=1.0 - beta1)
+
+                    update = exp_avg
 
                 self.apply_weight_decay(
                     p=p,
@@ -228,6 +241,6 @@ def step(self, closure: CLOSURE = None) -> LOSS:
                     fixed_decay=group['fixed_decay'],
                 )
 
-                p.add_(-exp_avg)
+                p.add_(-update)
 
         return loss

tests/constants.py

@@ -348,8 +348,9 @@
     (DAdaptLion, {'lr': 3e0, 'weight_decay': 1e-3}, 20),
     (AdamS, {'lr': 1e0, 'weight_decay': 1e-3}, 10),
     (AdamS, {'lr': 1e0, 'weight_decay': 1e-3, 'ams_bound': True}, 20),
-    (AdaFactor, {'lr': 7.5e-1, 'weight_decay': 1e-3, 'scale_parameter': False}, 100),
-    (AdaFactor, {'lr': 7.5e-1, 'weight_decay': 1e-3, 'ams_bound': True}, 125),
+    (AdaFactor, {'lr': 1e1, 'weight_decay': 1e-3, 'scale_parameter': False}, 100),
+    (AdaFactor, {'lr': 1e1, 'weight_decay': 1e-3, 'ams_bound': True}, 120),
+    (AdaFactor, {'lr': 1e1, 'betas': (None, 0.999), 'weight_decay': 1e-3}, 40),
     (Apollo, {'lr': 5e-1, 'weight_decay': 1e-3}, 10),
     (Apollo, {'lr': 5e-1, 'weight_decay': 1e-3, 'rebound': 'belief'}, 10),
     (Apollo, {'lr': 5e-1, 'weight_decay': 1e-3, 'weight_decay_type': 'stable', 'warmup_steps': 0}, 50),