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* Description: \emph{Euler's totient} or \emph{Euler's phi} function is defined as $\phi(n):=\#$ of positive integers $\leq n$ that are coprime with $n$. The \emph{cototient} is $n-\phi(n)$.
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* Description: \emph{Euler's $\phi$} function is defined as $\phi(n):=\#$ of positive integers $\leq n$ that are coprime with $n$.
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* $\phi(1)=1$, $p$ prime $\Rightarrow \phi(p^k)=(p-1)p^{k-1}$, $m,n$ coprime $\Rightarrow \phi(mn)=\phi(m)\phi(n)$.
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* If $n=p_1^{k_1}p_2^{k_2} ... p_r^{k_r}$ then $\phi(n) = (p_1-1)p_1^{k_1-1}...(p_r-1)p_r^{k_r-1}$.
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