translate zh/docs/tasks/configmap-secret/managing-secret-using-config-file.md

Author: howieyuen

content/zh/docs/tasks/configmap-secret/managing-secret-using-config-file.md

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+---
+title: 使用配置文件管理 Secret
+content_type: task
+weight: 20
+description: 使用资源配置文件创建 Secret 对象
+---
+<!--  
+title: Managing Secret using Configuration File
+content_type: task
+weight: 20
+description: Creating Secret objects using resource configuration file.
+-->
+
+<!-- overview -->
+
+## {{% heading "prerequisites" %}}
+
+{{< include "task-tutorial-prereqs.md" >}}
+
+<!-- steps -->
+
+<!-- ## Create the Config file -->
+## 创建配置文件    {#create-the-config-file}
+
+<!-- 
+You can create a Secret in a file first, in JSON or YAML format, and then
+create that object.  The
+[Secret](/docs/reference/generated/kubernetes-api/{{< param "version" >}}/#secret-v1-core)
+resource contains two maps: `data` and `stringData`.
+The `data` field is used to store arbitrary data, encoded using base64. The
+`stringData` field is provided for convenience, and it allows you to provide
+Secret data as unencoded strings.
+The keys of `data` and `stringData` must consist of alphanumeric characters,
+`-`, `_` or `.`. 
+-->
+你可以先用 JSON 或 YAML 格式在文件中创建 Secret，然后创建该对象。
+[Secret](/docs/reference/generated/kubernetes-api/{{< param "version" >}}/#secret-v1-core)
+资源包含2个键值对： `data` 和 `stringData`。
+`data` 字段用来存储 base64 编码的任意数据。
+提供 `stringData` 字段是为了方便，它允许 Secret 使用未编码的字符串。
+`data` 和 `stringData` 的键必须由字母、数字、`-`，`_` 或 `.` 组成。
+
+<!--  
+For example, to store two strings in a Secret using the `data` field, convert
+the strings to base64 as follows:
+-->
+例如，要使用 Secret 的 `data` 字段存储两个字符串，请将字符串转换为 base64 ，如下所示：
+
+```shell
+echo -n 'admin' | base64
+```
+
+<!-- The output is similar to: -->
+输出类似于：
+
+```
+YWRtaW4=
+```
+
+```shell
+echo -n '1f2d1e2e67df' | base64
+```
+
+<!-- The output is similar to: -->
+输出类似于：
+
+```
+MWYyZDFlMmU2N2Rm
+```
+
+<!-- Write a Secret config file that looks like this: -->
+编写一个 Secret 配置文件，如下所示：
+
+```yaml
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Secret
+metadata:
+  name: mysecret
+type: Opaque
+data:
+  username: YWRtaW4=
+  password: MWYyZDFlMmU2N2Rm
+```
+
+<!-- 
+Note that the name of a Secret object must be a valid
+[DNS subdomain name](/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/names#dns-subdomain-names). 
+-->
+注意，Secret 对象的名称必须是有效的 [DNS 子域名](/zh/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/names#dns-subdomain-names). 
+
+{{< note >}}
+<!--  
+The serialized JSON and YAML values of Secret data are encoded as base64
+strings. Newlines are not valid within these strings and must be omitted. When
+using the `base64` utility on Darwin/macOS, users should avoid using the `-b`
+option to split long lines. Conversely, Linux users *should* add the option
+`-w 0` to `base64` commands or the pipeline `base64 | tr -d '\n'` if the `-w`
+option is not available.
+-->
+Secret 数据的 JSON 和 YAML 序列化结果是以 base64 编码的。
+换行符在这些字符串中无效，必须省略。
+在 Darwin/macOS 上使用 `base64` 工具时，用户不应该使用 `-b` 选项分割长行。
+相反地，Linux 用户 *应该* 在 `base64` 地命令中添加 `-w 0` 选项，
+或者在 `-w` 选项不可用的情况下，输入 `base64 | tr -d '\n'`。
+{{< /note >}}
+
+<!-- 
+For certain scenarios, you may wish to use the `stringData` field instead. This
+field allows you to put a non-base64 encoded string directly into the Secret,
+and the string will be encoded for you when the Secret is created or updated.
+-->
+对于某些场景，你可能希望使用 `stringData` 字段。
+这字段可以将一个非 base64 编码的字符串直接放入 Secret 中，
+当创建或更新该 Secret 时，此字段将被编码。
+
+<!--  
+A practical example of this might be where you are deploying an application
+that uses a Secret to store a configuration file, and you want to populate
+parts of that configuration file during your deployment process.
+-->
+上述用例的实际场景可能是这样：当你部署应用时，使用 Secret 存储配置文件，
+你希望在部署过程中，填入部分内容到该配置文件。
+
+<!-- For example, if your application uses the following configuration file: -->
+例如，如果你的应用程序使用以下配置文件:
+
+```yaml
+apiUrl: "https://my.api.com/api/v1"
+username: "<user>"
+password: "<password>"
+```
+
+<!-- You could store this in a Secret using the following definition: -->
+你可以使用以下定义将其存储在 Secret 中:
+
+```yaml
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Secret
+metadata:
+  name: mysecret
+type: Opaque
+stringData:
+  config.yaml: |
+    apiUrl: "https://my.api.com/api/v1"
+    username: <user>
+    password: <password>
+```
+
+<!-- ## Create the Secret object -->
+## 创建 Secret 对象    {#create-the-secret-object}
+
+<!-- Now create the Secret using [`kubectl apply`](/docs/reference/generated/kubectl/kubectl-commands#apply): -->
+现在使用 [`kubectl apply`](/zh/docs/reference/generated/kubectl/kubectl-commands#apply) 创建 Secret：
+
+```shell
+kubectl apply -f ./secret.yaml
+```
+
+<!-- The output is similar to: -->
+输出类似于：
+
+```
+secret/mysecret created
+```
+
+<!-- ## Check the Secret -->
+## 检查 Secret   {#check-the-secret}
+
+<!--  
+The `stringData` field is a write-only convenience field. It is never output when
+retrieving Secrets. For example, if you run the following command:
+-->
+`stringData` 字段是只写的。获取 Secret 时，此字段永远不会输出。
+例如，如果你运行以下命令：
+
+
+```shell
+kubectl get secret mysecret -o yaml
+```
+
+<!-- The output is similar to: -->
+输出类似于：
+
+```yaml
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Secret
+metadata:
+  creationTimestamp: 2018-11-15T20:40:59Z
+  name: mysecret
+  namespace: default
+  resourceVersion: "7225"
+  uid: c280ad2e-e916-11e8-98f2-025000000001
+type: Opaque
+data:
+  config.yaml: YXBpVXJsOiAiaHR0cHM6Ly9teS5hcGkuY29tL2FwaS92MSIKdXNlcm5hbWU6IHt7dXNlcm5hbWV9fQpwYXNzd29yZDoge3twYXNzd29yZH19
+```
+
+<!--  
+The commands `kubectl get` and `kubectl describe` avoid showing the contents of a `Secret` by
+default. This is to protect the `Secret` from being exposed accidentally to an onlooker,
+or from being stored in a terminal log.
+To check the actual content of the encoded data, please refer to
+[decoding secret](/docs/tasks/configmap-secret/managing-secret-using-kubectl/#decoding-secret).
+-->
+命令 `kubectl get` 和 `kubectl describe` 默认情况不显示 `Secret` 的内容。
+这是为了防止 `Secret` 意外地暴露给旁观者，或者保存在终端日志中。
+检查编码数据的实际内容，请参考 [解码 secret](/zh/docs/tasks/configmap-secret/managing-secret-using-kubectl/#decoding-secret).
+
+<!-- 
+If a field, such as `username`, is specified in both `data` and `stringData`,
+the value from `stringData` is used. For example, the following Secret definition: 
+-->
+如果在 `data` 和 `stringData` 中都指定了一个字段，比如 `username`，字段值来自 `stringData`。
+例如，下面的 Secret 定义:
+
+```yaml
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Secret
+metadata:
+  name: mysecret
+type: Opaque
+data:
+  username: YWRtaW4=
+stringData:
+  username: administrator
+```
+
+<!-- Results in the following Secret: -->
+结果有以下 Secret：
+
+```yaml
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Secret
+metadata:
+  creationTimestamp: 2018-11-15T20:46:46Z
+  name: mysecret
+  namespace: default
+  resourceVersion: "7579"
+  uid: 91460ecb-e917-11e8-98f2-025000000001
+type: Opaque
+data:
+  username: YWRtaW5pc3RyYXRvcg==
+```
+
+<!-- Where `YWRtaW5pc3RyYXRvcg==` decodes to `administrator`. -->
+其中 `YWRtaW5pc3RyYXRvcg==` 解码成 `administrator`。
+
+<!-- ## Clean Up -->
+## 清理    {#clean-up}
+
+<!-- To delete the Secret you have just created: -->
+删除你刚才创建的 Secret：
+
+```shell
+kubectl delete secret db-user-pass
+```
+
+## {{% heading "whatsnext" %}}
+
+<!-- 
+- Read more about the [Secret concept](/docs/concepts/configuration/secret/)
+- Learn how to [manage Secret with the `kubectl` command](/docs/tasks/configmap-secret/managing-secret-using-kubectl/)
+- Learn how to [manage Secret using kustomizae](/docs/tasks/configmap-secret/managing-secret-using-kustomize/)
+-->
+- 阅读更多有关于 [Secret 概念](/zh/docs/concepts/configuration/secret/)
+- 了解如何 [使用 `kubectl` 命令管理 Secret](/zh/docs/tasks/configmap-secret/managing-secret-using-kubectl/)
+- 了解如何 [使用 kustomize 管理 Secret](/zh/docs/tasks/configmap-secret/managing-secret-using-kustomize/)
+