@@ -433,16 +433,17 @@ \subsection{Tutorial 1: Lennard-Jones fluid}
433433The objective of this tutorial is to perform a simple MD simulation
434434using LAMMPS. The system consists of a Lennard-Jones fluid composed of neutral
435435particles with two different effective diameters, contained within a
436- cubic box with periodic boundary conditions (Fig.~\ref {fig:LJ-avarar }). In
437- this tutorial, the temperature of the system is maintained using a
438- Langevin thermostat~ \cite { schneider1978molecular } , and basic quantities,
436+ cubic box with periodic boundary conditions (Fig.~\ref {fig:LJ-avatar }). In
437+ this tutorial, simple MD simulations in the microcanonical
438+ (NVE) and canonical (NVT) ensembles are performed , and basic quantities,
439439including potential and kinetic energies, are calculated from the simulation.
440440
441441\begin {figure }
442442\centering
443443\includegraphics [width=0.55\linewidth ]{LJ-avatar}
444444\caption {The binary mixture simulated in \hyperref [lennard-jones-label]{Tutorial 1},
445- with the small atoms of type 1 in green and large atoms of type 2 in blue.}
445+ with the atoms of type 1 represented as small green spheres and lge atoms of type 2
446+ as large blue spheres.}
446447\label {fig:LJ-avatar }
447448\end {figure }
448449
@@ -1554,7 +1555,7 @@ \subsubsection{Unbreakable bonds}
15541555Right-click inside the \guicmd {Output} window, and select
15551556\guicmd {Export YAML data to file}. Call the output \flecmd {unbreakable.yaml}, and save
15561557it within the same folder as the input files, where a Python script named
1557- \href {\filepath tutorial2/yaml-reader.py}{\dwlcmd {yaml-reader.py}} should also
1558+ \href {\filepath tutorial2/unbreakable- yaml-reader.py}{\dwlcmd {unbreakable- yaml-reader.py}} should also
15581559be located. When executed using Python, this .py file first imports
15591560the \flecmd {unbreakable.yaml} file. Then, a certain pattern is
15601561identified and stored as a string character named `docs'. The string is
@@ -1688,11 +1689,13 @@ \subsubsection{Breakable bonds}
16881689
16891690Looking at the evolution of the energy, one can see that the total
16901691energy $ E_\text {tot}$ is initially increasing with the deformation. When
1691- bonds break, the energy relaxes abruptly,
1692- as can be seen near $ t=110 ~\text {ps}$ and again near $ t=130 ~\text {ps}$ in
1693- Fig.~\ref {fig:CNT-deformed-breakable }\, a. Using the same script as previously to
1694- import the data into Python, the stress-strain
1695- curve can be generated, see Fig.~\ref {fig:CNT-deformed-breakable }\, b.
1692+ bonds break, the energy relaxes abruptly, as can be seen near $ t=32 ~\text {ps}$ in Fig.~\ref {fig:CNT-breakable-energy-stress }\, a.
1693+ Using a similar script as previously,
1694+ i.e.,~\href {\filepath tutorial2/unbreakable-yaml-reader.py}{\dwlcmd {unbreakable-yaml-reader.py}},
1695+ import the data into Python and generate the stress-strain curve (Fig.~\ref {fig:CNT-breakable-energy-stress }\, b). The
1696+ stress-strain curve reveals a linear (elastic) regime where $ F_\text {cnt} \propto \Delta L_\text {cnt}$
1697+ for $ \Delta L_\text {cnt} < 5 \,\% $ , and a non-linear (plastic) regime
1698+ for $ 5 \,\% < \Delta L_\text {cnt} < 25 \,\% $ .
16961699
16971700\begin {figure }
16981701\centering
@@ -1932,7 +1935,7 @@ \subsubsection{Solvating the PEG in water}
19321935to the water. The PEG molecule topology was downloaded from the ATB repository
19331936\cite {malde2011automated , oostenbrink2004biomolecular }. It has a formula
19341937$ \text {C}_{16}\text {H}_{34}\text {O}_{9}$ , and the parameters are taken from
1935- the GROMOS 54A7 force field~\cite {schmid2011definition }.
1938+ the GROMOS 54A7 force field~\cite {schmid2011definition } (Fig.~ \ref { fig:PEG-in-vacuum }) .
19361939
19371940\begin {figure }
19381941\centering
@@ -3716,10 +3719,8 @@ \subsubsection{Method 1: Free sampling}
37163719run 50000
37173720\end {lstlisting }
37183721Run the simulation with LAMMPS. The number of atoms in the
3719- central region, $ n_\mathrm {center}$ , reaches
3720- its equilibrium value after approximately $ 40 \, \text {ps}$
3721- (Fig.~\ref {fig:US-density-evolution }). A snapshot of the
3722- equilibrated system is shown in Fig.~\ref {fig:US-system-unbiased }.
3722+ central region, $ n_\mathrm {center}$ , reaches its equilibrium value after approximately $ 40 \, \text {ps}$
3723+ (Fig.~\ref {fig:US-density-evolution }). A snapshot of the equilibrated system is shown in Fig.~\ref {fig:US-system-unbiased }.
37233724
37243725\paragraph {Run and data acquisition }
37253726
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